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<li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label 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Available in 32 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%AC%D9%84_%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%A5%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A" title="سجل إنترنت إقليمي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سجل إنترنت إقليمي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%A8" title="আঞ্চলিক ইন্টারনেট নিবন্ধন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আঞ্চলিক ইন্টারনেট নিবন্ধন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Регионален интернет регистър – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Регионален интернет регистър" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Registre_Regional_d%27Internet" title="Registre Regional d'Internet – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Registre Regional d'Internet" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regional_Internet_Registry" title="Regional Internet Registry – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Regional Internet Registry" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regional_Internet_Registry" title="Regional Internet Registry – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Regional Internet Registry" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Registro_Regional_de_Internet" title="Registro Regional de Internet – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Registro Regional de Internet" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regiona_Interreta_Registrejo" title="Regiona Interreta Registrejo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Regiona Interreta Registrejo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AB%D8%A8%D8%AA_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="ثبت اینترنت منطقه‌ای – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ثبت اینترنت منطقه‌ای" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Registre_Internet_r%C3%A9gional" title="Registre Internet régional – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Registre Internet régional" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EB%A5%99%EB%B3%84_%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0%EB%84%B7_%EB%A0%88%EC%A7%80%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%A6%AC" title="대륙별 인터넷 레지스트리 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="대륙별 인터넷 레지스트리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rehistro_ti_rehional_nga_internet" title="Rehistro ti rehional nga internet – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Rehistro ti rehional nga internet" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regional_Internet_Registry" title="Regional Internet Registry – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Regional Internet Registry" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%A9%D7%9D_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%98_%D7%90%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99" title="רשם אינטרנט אזורי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רשם אינטרנט אזורי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regional_Internet_Registry" title="Regional Internet Registry – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Regional Internet Registry" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regional_Internet_Registry" title="Regional Internet Registry – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Regional Internet Registry" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF" title="റീജിയണൽ ഇന്റർനെറ്റ് റജിസ്ട്രി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റീജിയണൽ ഇന്റർനെറ്റ് റജിസ്ട്രി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pendaftaran_Internet_Serantau" title="Pendaftaran Internet Serantau – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pendaftaran Internet Serantau" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regional_Internet_Registry" title="Regional Internet Registry – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Regional Internet Registry" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%9F%9F%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8D%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B8%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA" title="地域インターネットレジストリ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="地域インターネットレジストリ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regional_Internet_Registry" title="Regional Internet Registry – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Regional Internet Registry" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regional_Internet_Registry" title="Regional Internet Registry – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Regional Internet Registry" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Registro_Regional_da_Internet" title="Registro Regional da Internet – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Registro Regional da Internet" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Региональный интернет-регистратор – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Региональный интернет-регистратор" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regional_internet_registry" title="Regional internet registry – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Regional internet registry" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%95%DB%8C_%DA%BE%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%8E%D9%85%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%95%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%8E%D8%AA" title="تۆمارگەی ھەرێمیی ئینتەرنێت – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تۆمارگەی ھەرێمیی ئینتەرنێت" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Регионални интернет регистар – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Регионални интернет регистар" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regional_Internet_Registry" title="Regional Internet Registry – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Regional Internet Registry" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regional_Internet_Registry" title="Regional Internet Registry – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Regional Internet Registry" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C6%A1_quan_%C4%91%C4%83ng_k%C3%BD_Internet_khu_v%E1%BB%B1c" title="Cơ quan đăng ký Internet khu vực – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cơ quan đăng ký Internet khu vực" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%BA%E5%9F%9F%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84" title="区域互联网注册管理机构 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="区域互联网注册管理机构" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%BA%E5%9F%9F%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84" title="区域互联网注册管理机构 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="区域互联网注册管理机构" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q463080#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Regional_Internet_registry" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Regional_Internet_registry" rel="discussion" 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Organization responsible for managing network numbering</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Number Resource Organization</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Number_Resource_Organization_(logo).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/c7/Number_Resource_Organization_%28logo%29.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="86" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="86" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data note">1992 (RIPE NCC)<br />1993 (APNIC)<br />1997 (ARIN)<br />1999 (LACNIC)<br />2003 (NRO)<br />2004 (AFRINIC)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Internet governance</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Focus</th><td class="infobox-data">providing a coordinated Internet number registry system<br />supporting the multi-stakeholder model</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Origins</th><td class="infobox-data">1992 RIPE NCC begins distributing addresses<br />2003 letter from RIRs to <a href="/wiki/ICANN" title="ICANN">ICANN</a><br />2004 Memorandum of Understanding</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served </div></th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Method</th><td class="infobox-data">coordinating joint activities of regional internet registries</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Internet_map_1024_-_transparent,_inverted.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Visualization of Internet routing paths"><img alt="Visualization of Internet routing paths" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Internet_map_1024_-_transparent%2C_inverted.png/150px-Internet_map_1024_-_transparent%2C_inverted.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Internet_map_1024_-_transparent%2C_inverted.png/225px-Internet_map_1024_-_transparent%2C_inverted.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Internet_map_1024_-_transparent%2C_inverted.png/300px-Internet_map_1024_-_transparent%2C_inverted.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption">An <a href="/wiki/Opte_Project" title="Opte Project">Opte Project</a> visualization of <a href="/wiki/Routing" title="Routing">routing paths</a> through a portion of the Internet</div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">General</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_access" title="Internet access">Access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_activism" title="Internet activism">Activism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship" title="Internet censorship">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_activism" title="Data activism">Data activism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-democracy" title="E-democracy">Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_divide" title="Digital divide">Digital divide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_rights" title="Digital rights">Digital rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_freedom" title="Internet freedom">Freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_information" title="Freedom of information">Freedom of information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Internet_phenomena" title="List of Internet phenomena">Internet phenomena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Net_neutrality" title="Net neutrality">Net neutrality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_privacy" title="Internet privacy">Privacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_Internet_access" title="Right to Internet access">Right to Internet access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slacktivism" title="Slacktivism">Slacktivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociology_of_the_Internet" title="Sociology of the Internet">Sociology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Internet_usage" title="Global Internet usage">Usage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_vigilantism" title="Internet vigilantism">Vigilantism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_community" title="Virtual community">Virtual community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_volunteering" title="Virtual volunteering">Virtual volunteering</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Internet_governance" title="Internet governance">Governance</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Governance_Forum" title="Internet Governance Forum">IGF</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Number_Resource_Organization">NRO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Assigned_Numbers_Authority" title="Internet Assigned Numbers Authority">IANA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICANN" title="ICANN">ICANN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Society" title="Internet Society">ISOC</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Information_infrastructure" title="Information infrastructure">Information infrastructure</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System">Domain Name System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypertext Transfer Protocol">Hypertext Transfer Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_exchange_point" title="Internet exchange point">Internet exchange point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_protocol_suite" title="Internet protocol suite">Internet protocol suite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol">Internet Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol">Transmission Control Protocol</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_service_provider" title="Internet service provider">Internet service provider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IP_address" title="IP address">IP address</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Message_Access_Protocol" title="Internet Message Access Protocol">Internet Message Access Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_Mail_Transfer_Protocol" title="Simple Mail Transfer Protocol">Simple Mail Transfer Protocol</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Services</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blog" title="Blog">Blogs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microblogging" title="Microblogging">Microblogging</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Email" title="Email">Email</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_fax" title="Internet fax">Fax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_sharing" title="File sharing">File sharing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_transfer" title="File transfer">File transfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_game" title="Online game">Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instant_messaging" title="Instant messaging">Instant messaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Podcast" title="Podcast">Podcasts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_shopping" title="Online shopping">Shopping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streaming_television" title="Streaming television">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_over_IP" title="Voice over IP">Voice over IP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">World Wide Web</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Web_search_engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Web search engine">search</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Internet" title="History of the Internet">History of the Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_oldest_currently_registered_Internet_domain_names" title="List of the oldest currently registered Internet domain names">Oldest domain names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Internet_pioneers" title="List of Internet pioneers">Pioneers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protocol_Wars" title="Protocol Wars">Protocol Wars</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Guides</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Internet-related_articles" title="Index of Internet-related articles">Index</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Internet" title="Outline of the Internet">Outline</a></b></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/16px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/24px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/32px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Internet" title="Portal:Internet">Internet portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Internet" title="Template:Internet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Internet" title="Template talk:Internet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Internet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Internet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>regional Internet registry</b> (<b>RIR</b>) is an organization that manages the allocation and registration of <a href="/wiki/Internet_number" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet number">Internet number</a> resources within a region of the world. Internet number resources include <a href="/wiki/IP_address" title="IP address">IP addresses</a> and <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_system_(Internet)" title="Autonomous system (Internet)">autonomous system (AS)</a> numbers. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map.svg/310px-Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="310" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map.svg/465px-Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map.svg/620px-Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="415" /></a><figcaption>Map of regional Internet registries</figcaption></figure> <p>The regional Internet registry system evolved, eventually dividing the responsibility for management to a registry for each of five regions of the world. The regional Internet registries are informally liaised through the unincorporated <b>Number Resource Organization</b> (NRO), which is a coordinating body to act on matters of global importance.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2005, there are currently five regional registries: </p> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/AFRINIC" title="AFRINIC">African Network Information Centre</a> (AFRINIC) is based in <a href="/wiki/Ebene,_Mauritius" title="Ebene, Mauritius">Ebene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> and serves all of <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-afrinic_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afrinic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/American_Registry_for_Internet_Numbers" title="American Registry for Internet Numbers">American Registry for Internet Numbers</a> (ARIN) is based in <a href="/wiki/Chantilly,_Virginia" title="Chantilly, Virginia">Chantilly, Virginia</a> and serves <a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, and some <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> countries and territories.<sup id="cite_ref-arin_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arin-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Asia_Pacific_Network_Information_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia Pacific Network Information Centre">Asia Pacific Network Information Centre</a> (APNIC) is based in <a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> and serves <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-apnic_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apnic-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Latin_America_and_Caribbean_Network_Information_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin America and Caribbean Network Information Centre">Latin America and Caribbean Network Information Centre</a> (LACNIC) is based in <a href="/wiki/Montevideo" title="Montevideo">Montevideo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a> and serves <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a> as well as some <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> countries.<sup id="cite_ref-lacnic_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lacnic-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RIPE_NCC" title="RIPE NCC">Réseaux IP Européens Network Coordination Centre</a> (RIPE NCC) is based in <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> and serves <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Asia" title="West Asia">West Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ripe_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ripe-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map_2002-2005.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map_2002-2005.svg/230px-Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map_2002-2005.svg.png" decoding="async" width="230" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map_2002-2005.svg/345px-Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map_2002-2005.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map_2002-2005.svg/460px-Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map_2002-2005.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="415" /></a><figcaption>Regional Internet registries 2002–2005</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map_until_2002.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map_until_2002.svg/230px-Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map_until_2002.svg.png" decoding="async" width="230" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map_until_2002.svg/345px-Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map_until_2002.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map_until_2002.svg/460px-Regional_Internet_Registries_world_map_until_2002.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="415" /></a><figcaption>Regional Internet registries until 2002</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Internet_Assigned_Numbers_Authority">Internet Assigned Numbers Authority</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regional_Internet_registry&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Internet Assigned Numbers Authority"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Regional Internet registries are components of the Internet Number Registry System, which is described in <a href="/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</a> RFC 7020,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where IETF stands for the Internet Engineering Task Force. The <a href="/wiki/Internet_Assigned_Numbers_Authority" title="Internet Assigned Numbers Authority">Internet Assigned Numbers Authority</a> (IANA) delegates Internet resources to the RIRs who, in turn, follow their regional policies to delegate resources to their customers, which include <a href="/wiki/Internet_service_provider" title="Internet service provider">Internet service providers</a> and end-user organizations.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Collectively, the RIRs participate in the <a href="/wiki/Number_Resource_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Number Resource Organization">Number Resource Organization</a> (NRO),<sup id="cite_ref-nro_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nro-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> formed as a body to represent their collective interests, undertake joint activities, and coordinate their activities globally. The NRO has entered into an agreement with <a href="/wiki/Internet_Corporation_for_Assigned_Names_and_Numbers" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers">ICANN</a> for the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Address_Supporting_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Address Supporting Organisation">Address Supporting Organisation</a> (ASO),<sup id="cite_ref-aso_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aso-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which undertakes coordination of global IP addressing policies within the ICANN framework. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Number_Resource_Organization">Number Resource Organization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regional_Internet_registry&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Number Resource Organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <b>Number Resource Organization</b> (<b>NRO</b>) is an unincorporated organization uniting the five RIRs.<sup id="cite_ref-nro_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nro-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It came into existence on October 24, 2003, when the four existing RIRs entered into a <a href="/wiki/Memorandum_of_understanding" title="Memorandum of understanding">memorandum of understanding</a> (MoU) in order to undertake joint activities, including joint technical projects and policy coordination. The youngest RIR, <a href="/wiki/AFRINIC" title="AFRINIC">AFRINIC</a>, joined in April 2005. </p><p>The NRO's main objectives are to: </p> <ul><li>Protect the unallocated <a href="/wiki/IP_address" title="IP address">IP</a> number resource pool.</li> <li>Promote and protect the bottom-up policy development process of the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a>.</li> <li>Serve as a focal point for the <a href="/wiki/Internet_community" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet community">Internet community</a> to provide input on the RIR system.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Local_Internet_registry">Local Internet registry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regional_Internet_registry&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Local Internet registry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <b>local Internet registry</b> (<b>LIR</b>) is an organization that has been allocated a block of <a href="/wiki/IP_address" title="IP address">IP addresses</a> by a RIR, and that assigns most parts of this block to its own customers.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most LIRs are <a href="/wiki/Internet_service_provider" title="Internet service provider">Internet service providers</a>, enterprises, or academic institutions. Membership in a regional Internet registry is required to become a LIR. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regional_Internet_registry&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Country_code_top-level_domain" title="Country code top-level domain">Country code top-level domain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geolocation_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Geolocation software">Geolocation software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_governance" title="Internet governance">Internet governance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Internet_registry" title="National Internet registry">National Internet registry</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regional_Internet_registry&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nro.net/">"About the NRO"</a>. Number Resource Organization. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230706045204/https://www.nro.net/">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-07-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-07-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+the+NRO&rft.pub=Number+Resource+Organization&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnro.net%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARegional+Internet+registry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-afrinic-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-afrinic_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.afrinic.net/">"African Network Information Centre"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110223003539/http://afrinic.net/">Archived</a> from the original on 2011-02-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-12-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=African+Network+Information+Centre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.afrinic.net%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARegional+Internet+registry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-arin-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-arin_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.arin.net/">"American Registry for Internet Numbers"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211222114548/https://www.arin.net/">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-12-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-02-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=American+Registry+for+Internet+Numbers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arin.net%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARegional+Internet+registry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-apnic-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-apnic_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apnic.net/">"Asia-Pacific Network Information Centre"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110219233920/http://www.apnic.net/">Archived</a> from the original on 2011-02-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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