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1941 Texas hurricane - Wikipedia

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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-good-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles*" title="This is a good article. 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Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Category 3 Atlantic hurricane in 1941</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1160504542">.mw-parser-output .ib-weather-event .infobox-header>.nowrap{margin:0 8px}</style><table class="infobox ib-weather-event"><caption class="infobox-title">1941 Texas hurricane</caption> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Hurricane_September_24,_1941_weather_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Hurricane_September_24%2C_1941_weather_map.jpg/220px-Hurricane_September_24%2C_1941_weather_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Hurricane_September_24%2C_1941_weather_map.jpg/330px-Hurricane_September_24%2C_1941_weather_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Hurricane_September_24%2C_1941_weather_map.jpg/440px-Hurricane_September_24%2C_1941_weather_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="459" data-file-height="304" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">A daily weather map for September 24, 1941 depicting the storm</div></td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><tr style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddd;"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><span class="nowrap">Meteorological history</span></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data">September 16, 1941<span style="display:none">&#160;(<span class="dtstart">1941-09-16</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Extratropical_cyclone" title="Extratropical cyclone">Extratropical</a></th><td class="infobox-data">September 24, 1941</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dissipated</th><td class="infobox-data">September 27, 1941<span style="display:none">&#160;(<span class="dtend">1941-09-28</span>)</span></td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1160504542"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><tr style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #FF9E59"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><span class="nowrap">Category 3 major hurricane</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><i>1-minute sustained</i> (<a href="/wiki/Saffir%E2%80%93Simpson_scale" title="Saffir–Simpson scale">SSHWS</a>/<a href="/wiki/National_Weather_Service" title="National Weather Service">NWS</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest&#160;winds</th><td class="infobox-data">125&#160;mph (205&#160;km/h)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lowest&#160;pressure</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap">942 <a href="/wiki/Bar_(unit)" title="Bar (unit)">mbar</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unit)" title="Pascal (unit)">hPa</a>); 27.82&#160;<a href="/wiki/Inch_of_mercury" title="Inch of mercury">inHg</a></span></td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><tr style="background-color: #00000022; color: inherit;"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Overall effects</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fatalities</th><td class="infobox-data">7 direct</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Damage</th><td class="infobox-data">$7.5&#160;million (1941 <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">USD</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Areas affected</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern United States</a>, eastern <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ncics.org/ibtracs/index.php?name=v04r00-1941261N24272">IBTrACS</a><span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207480#P4540" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr />Part of the <b><a href="/wiki/1941_Atlantic_hurricane_season" title="1941 Atlantic hurricane season">1941 Atlantic hurricane season</a></b></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>The <b>1941 Texas hurricane</b>, the second storm of the <a href="/wiki/1941_Atlantic_hurricane_season" title="1941 Atlantic hurricane season">1941 Atlantic hurricane season</a>, was a large and intense <a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone" title="Tropical cyclone">tropical cyclone</a> that struck coastal <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> as a major hurricane in September 1941, causing relatively severe damage. The storm is estimated to have formed in the eastern <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a> on September&#160;16. After attaining hurricane strength, it completed a clockwise loop and turned northwestward. The hurricane continued to strengthen until it made landfall near <a href="/wiki/East_Matagorda_Bay" title="East Matagorda Bay">East Matagorda Bay</a>, Texas, with winds of 125 <a href="/wiki/Miles_per_hour" title="Miles per hour">miles per hour</a> (201&#160;<a href="/wiki/Kilometres_per_hour" title="Kilometres per hour">km/h</a>), but rapidly weakened as it headed inland. Damage from the storm amounted to about $6.5 million, and crops throughout the region were largely destroyed. The city of <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a> suffered extensive damage as the storm passed to the east. The hurricane disrupted activities related to the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Maneuvers" title="Louisiana Maneuvers">Louisiana Maneuvers</a>. Later, the system became extratropical and passed over <a href="/wiki/Lake_Huron" title="Lake Huron">Lake Huron</a>, killing three people in <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>. Overall, seven people lost their lives due to the cyclone. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Meteorological_history">Meteorological history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1941_Texas_hurricane&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Meteorological history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1941_Atlantic_hurricane_2_track.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/1941_Atlantic_hurricane_2_track.png/275px-1941_Atlantic_hurricane_2_track.png" decoding="async" width="275" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/1941_Atlantic_hurricane_2_track.png/413px-1941_Atlantic_hurricane_2_track.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/1941_Atlantic_hurricane_2_track.png/550px-1941_Atlantic_hurricane_2_track.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1996" /></a><figcaption>Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale<br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Map key</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""><div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; max-width: 51em; width: 100%"> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Saffir%E2%80%93Simpson_scale" title="Saffir–Simpson scale">Saffir–Simpson scale</a></b></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#6EC1EA; color:black;">&#160;</span> Tropical&#160;depression (≤38&#160;mph,&#160;≤62&#160;km/h)<br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#4DFFFF; color:black;">&#160;</span> Tropical&#160;storm (39–73&#160;mph,&#160;63–118&#160;km/h)<br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFCC; color:black;">&#160;</span> Category&#160;1 (74–95&#160;mph,&#160;119–153&#160;km/h)<br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFE775; color:black;">&#160;</span> Category&#160;2 (96–110&#160;mph,&#160;154–177&#160;km/h)<br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFC140; color:black;">&#160;</span> Category&#160;3 (111–129&#160;mph,&#160;178–208&#160;km/h)<br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF8F20; color:black;">&#160;</span> Category&#160;4 (130–156&#160;mph,&#160;209–251&#160;km/h)<br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF6060; color:black;">&#160;</span> Category&#160;5 (≥157&#160;mph,&#160;≥252&#160;km/h)<br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; color:black;">&#160;</span> Unknown </div> </div> <div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; max-width: 20em; width: 100%;"> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Storm type</b></div> <div style="margin-bottom: 4px;"><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="circle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/18px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/27px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/36px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone" title="Tropical cyclone">Tropical cyclone</a></div> <div style="margin-bottom: 4px;"><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="square" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Solid_black.svg/18px-Solid_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Solid_black.svg/27px-Solid_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Solid_black.svg/36px-Solid_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Subtropical_cyclone" title="Subtropical cyclone">Subtropical cyclone</a></div> <div><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="triangle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/ArrowUp.svg/18px-ArrowUp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/ArrowUp.svg/27px-ArrowUp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/ArrowUp.svg/36px-ArrowUp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Extratropical_cyclone" title="Extratropical cyclone">Extratropical cyclone</a>, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression</div> </div></div></div></figcaption></figure> <p>In the middle of September, disturbed atmospheric conditions from a <a href="/wiki/Trough_(meteorology)" title="Trough (meteorology)">trough</a> or <a href="/wiki/Tropical_wave" title="Tropical wave">tropical wave</a> existed over the western <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean Sea</a> and gradually coalesced near western <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> on September&#160;15–16. Even so, surrounding <a href="/wiki/Surface_weather_observation" title="Surface weather observation">surface weather observations</a> did not suggest that an <a href="/wiki/Low-pressure_area" title="Low-pressure area">area of low pressure</a> had generated, but gradual organization continued until a <a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone#tropical_depression" title="Tropical cyclone">tropical depression</a> formed on September&#160;17 in the central Gulf of Mexico about 120 <a href="/wiki/Mile" title="Mile">miles</a> (193&#160;<a href="/wiki/Kilometre" title="Kilometre">km</a>) north of the <a href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula" title="Yucatán Peninsula">Yucatán Peninsula</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-metadata_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-metadata-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Operationally, the <a href="/wiki/National_Weather_Service#History" title="National Weather Service">United States Weather Bureau</a> failed to detect a tropical cyclone in the Gulf of Mexico until a day later.<sup id="cite_ref-MWR_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MWR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> After formation, the system initially moved northwestward, a heading that continued early on September&#160;18. At that time, the system became a tropical storm more than 300&#160;mi (483&#160;km) to the south-southeast of <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans,_Louisiana" class="mw-redirect" title="New Orleans, Louisiana">New Orleans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HURDAT_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HURDAT-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Over the next three days, the intensifying storm executed a gradual <a href="/wiki/Clockwise" title="Clockwise">clockwise</a> loop, moving to the south-southeast before turning back to the west.<sup id="cite_ref-HURDAT_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HURDAT-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> After intensifying into a hurricane on September&#160;21, the storm began assuming a more northwestward course, toward the Texas Gulf Coast. It continued to strengthen into a major hurricane, peaking at 125 <a href="/wiki/Miles_per_hour" title="Miles per hour">miles per hour</a> (201&#160;<a href="/wiki/Kilometres_per_hour" title="Kilometres per hour">km/h</a>) late on September&#160;23.<sup id="cite_ref-HURDAT_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HURDAT-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Just afterward, the storm went ashore east of <a href="/wiki/Bay_City,_Texas" title="Bay City, Texas">Bay City, Texas</a>, at peak intensity with an estimated <a href="/wiki/Atmospheric_pressure#Mean_sea-level_pressure" title="Atmospheric pressure">central pressure</a> of 942 <a href="/wiki/Bar_(unit)" title="Bar (unit)">millibars</a> (27.82&#160;<a href="/wiki/Inch_of_mercury" title="Inch of mercury">inHg</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-US_hurricanes_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US_hurricanes-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> However, few weather instruments were sited close to the point of <a href="/wiki/Landfall_(meteorology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Landfall (meteorology)">landfall</a>, so the lowest recorded pressure on land was only 970.5&#160;mb (28.66&#160;inHg) in <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MWR_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MWR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> After landfall, the cyclone curved to the northeast and passed just west of Houston early on September&#160;24.<sup id="cite_ref-HURDAT_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HURDAT-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It accelerated as it continued to move inland and transitioned into an <a href="/wiki/Extratropical_cyclone" title="Extratropical cyclone">extratropical storm</a> on September&#160;25. The post-tropical system dissipated early on September&#160;27 over northeastern <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>, near the <a href="/wiki/Torngat_Mountains_National_Park" title="Torngat Mountains National Park">Torngat Mountains National Park</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HURDAT_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HURDAT-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Preparations">Preparations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1941_Texas_hurricane&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Preparations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In advance of the storm, advisories and warnings were widely distributed by press, radio, telegraph and telephone. About 25,000 residents evacuated their homes; some small towns along the coast were described as "deserted".<sup id="cite_ref-MWR_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MWR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> People in low-lying areas of coastal Louisiana sought shelter as <a href="/wiki/Storm_surge" title="Storm surge">storm surge</a> from the hurricane affected the northern <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Coast" class="mw-redirect" title="Gulf Coast">Gulf Coast</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-headed_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-headed-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Residents in Texas prepared their homes and businesses for the hurricane, and boat owners pulled their craft out of the water. In <a href="/wiki/Port_Arthur,_Texas" title="Port Arthur, Texas">Port Arthur</a>, structures were boarded up and hundreds of refugees sought shelter in local hotels. <a href="/wiki/American_Red_Cross" title="American Red Cross">American Red Cross</a> workers were dispatched to the state. In Houston, a temporary hospital was erected. Police and firefighters in the city were put on alert. Vessels near the storm were advised to proceed with caution.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Impact">Impact</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1941_Texas_hurricane&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Impact"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Road_Repair_Galveston_1941.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Road_Repair_Galveston_1941.jpg/250px-Road_Repair_Galveston_1941.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Road_Repair_Galveston_1941.jpg/375px-Road_Repair_Galveston_1941.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Road_Repair_Galveston_1941.jpg/500px-Road_Repair_Galveston_1941.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2780" data-file-height="2144" /></a><figcaption>Men from the Works Progress Administration doing emergency repair to the road at the end of the Galveston, Texas Seawall.</figcaption></figure> <p>Overall damage from the storm totaled approximately $7 million, of which about $4 million can be attributed to the destruction of crops, notably rice and cotton.<sup id="cite_ref-MWR_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MWR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The hurricane affected the southern Louisiana region one week before the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Maneuvers" title="Louisiana Maneuvers">Louisiana Maneuvers</a>, a series of military exercises held during August and September 1941. The exercise was designed to test US troop training, logistics, doctrine, and commanders and is considered a prelude to <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. The rainfall triggered flooding and swelled rivers, and army vehicles became stuck in the mud as a result.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Hundreds of military aircraft were forced to move inland for shelter.<sup id="cite_ref-headed_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-headed-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Winds along the coast of Texas reached 100&#160;mph (160&#160;km/h) at numerous points near the hurricane's center. A report from <a href="/wiki/Galveston,_Texas" title="Galveston, Texas">Galveston</a> explained, "There was little characteristic sky appearance prior to the advent of the storm, the sky being mostly clear until lower clouds appeared suddenly between 6 and 7 a. m. C. S. T., on the 22d with altocumulus and alto-stratus overcast showing through breaks occasionally during the day. By late afternoon of the 22d the sky became completely overcast with low clouds of bad weather which predominated throughout the remainder of the storm."<sup id="cite_ref-MWR_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MWR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Tides at the city, already slightly above-normal due to a previous storm, rose to a crest of 7&#160;ft (2.1&#160;m) on September 23, flooding large portions of <a href="/wiki/Galveston_Island" title="Galveston Island">Galveston Island</a>. A local airport was flooded with 1 to 3&#160;ft (0.30 to 0.91&#160;m) of tidewater.<sup id="cite_ref-MWR_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MWR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>As the hurricane moved inland, the city of Houston was hit especially hard. Three people in the area died and several others were injured.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Winds blew at up to 77&#160;mph (124&#160;km/h), catching many off-guard after a previous forecast that deemed the region was safe. Some sections of the city were left without power. The winds destroyed poorly built structures and damaged others, and some streets were flooded. An athletic stadium was demolished by the storm, and glass windows were shattered in downtown stores. A preliminary estimate placed the damage in Houston at $500,000. In the aftermath of the storm, fifteen truckloads of shattered glass were removed.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>After spreading across the United States, the remnants moved through <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> and <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>, producing hurricane-force wind gusts and 40&#160;ft (12&#160;m) waves along <a href="/wiki/Lake_Ontario" title="Lake Ontario">Lake Ontario</a>. Throughout the lake, 55&#160;vessels sunk due to the storm, resulting in tens of thousands of dollars in damage. High winds caused power outages and structural damage, as well as destroyed wheat fields across Ontario. In Toronto, the storm killed three people and injured others.<sup id="cite_ref-Canada_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Canada-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1941_Texas_hurricane&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG/48px-Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG/64px-Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3032" data-file-height="2004" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Tropical_cyclones" title="Portal:Tropical cyclones">Tropical cyclones portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_hurricanes" title="List of United States hurricanes">List of United States hurricanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Texas" title="History of Texas">History of Texas</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1941_Texas_hurricane&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-metadata-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-metadata_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNational_Hurricane_CenterHurricane_Research_DivisionAtlantic_Oceanographic_and_Meteorological_Laboratory2014" class="citation web cs1">National Hurricane Center; Hurricane Research Division; Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/metadata_master.html">"Atlantic hurricane best track (HURDAT) Meta Data"</a>. United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Office of Oceanic &amp; Atmospheric Research<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 15,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Atlantic+hurricane+best+track+%28HURDAT%29+Meta+Data&amp;rft.pub=United+States+National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration%27s+Office+of+Oceanic+%26+Atmospheric+Research&amp;rft.date=2014-03&amp;rft.au=National+Hurricane+Center&amp;rft.au=Hurricane+Research+Division&amp;rft.au=Atlantic+Oceanographic+and+Meteorological+Laboratory&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aoml.noaa.gov%2Fhrd%2Fhurdat%2Fmetadata_master.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1941+Texas+hurricane" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MWR-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MWR_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MWR_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MWR_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MWR_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MWR_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MWR_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoward_C._Sumner1942" class="citation web cs1">Howard C. Sumner (1942). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/mwreviews/1941.pdf">"North Atlantic Tropical Disturbances of 1941"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Weather Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 23,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=North+Atlantic+Tropical+Disturbances+of+1941&amp;rft.pub=Weather+Bureau&amp;rft.date=1942&amp;rft.au=Howard+C.+Sumner&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aoml.noaa.gov%2Fgeneral%2Flib%2Flib1%2Fnhclib%2Fmwreviews%2F1941.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1941+Texas+hurricane" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HURDAT-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HURDAT_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HURDAT_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HURDAT_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HURDAT_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HURDAT_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/hurdat/hurdat2-1851-2022-050423.txt">"Atlantic hurricane best track (HURDAT version 2)"</a> (Database). United States <a href="/wiki/National_Hurricane_Center" title="National Hurricane Center">National Hurricane Center</a>. April 5, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 22,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Atlantic+hurricane+best+track+%28HURDAT+version+2%29&amp;rft.pub=United+States+National+Hurricane+Center&amp;rft.date=2023-04-05&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhc.noaa.gov%2Fdata%2Fhurdat%2Fhurdat2-1851-2022-050423.txt&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1941+Texas+hurricane" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-US_hurricanes-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-US_hurricanes_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLandseaAndersonBredemeyerCharles2022" class="citation report cs1"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Landsea" title="Christopher Landsea">Landsea, Chris</a>; Anderson, Craig; Bredemeyer, William; et&#160;al. (January 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/UShurrs_detailed.html">Continental United States Hurricanes (Detailed Description)</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_hurricane_reanalysis_project" title="Atlantic hurricane reanalysis project">Re-Analysis Project</a></i> (Report). <a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a>, <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>: <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Oceanographic_and_Meteorological_Laboratory" title="Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory">Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Research_Division" title="Hurricane Research Division">Hurricane Research Division</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 22,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=report&amp;rft.btitle=Continental+United+States+Hurricanes+%28Detailed+Description%29&amp;rft.place=Miami%2C+Florida&amp;rft.pub=Atlantic+Oceanographic+and+Meteorological+Laboratory%2C+Hurricane+Research+Division&amp;rft.date=2022-01&amp;rft.aulast=Landsea&amp;rft.aufirst=Chris&amp;rft.au=Anderson%2C+Craig&amp;rft.au=Bredemeyer%2C+William&amp;rft.au=Charles%2C+Noel&amp;rft.au=Chenoweth%2C+Michael&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aoml.noaa.gov%2Fhrd%2Fhurdat%2FUShurrs_detailed.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1941+Texas+hurricane" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-headed-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-headed_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-headed_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=aqkLAAAAIBAJ&amp;sjid=KVUDAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=3460,5129833">"Gulf Storm Is Headed For Texas"</a>. <i>The Evening Independent</i>. September 22, 1941<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 23,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Evening+Independent&amp;rft.atitle=Gulf+Storm+Is+Headed+For+Texas&amp;rft.date=1941-09-22&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DaqkLAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DKVUDAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D3460%2C5129833&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1941+Texas+hurricane" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=a6kLAAAAIBAJ&amp;sjid=KVUDAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=6415,5231439">"Hurricane Poised To Hit Texas"</a>. <i>The Evening Independent</i>. September 23, 1941<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 23,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Evening+Independent&amp;rft.atitle=Hurricane+Poised+To+Hit+Texas&amp;rft.date=1941-09-23&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3Da6kLAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DKVUDAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6415%2C5231439&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1941+Texas+hurricane" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVelmer_Lenora_Smith" class="citation web cs1">Velmer Lenora Smith. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100412054750/http://www.beau.org/~velmer/local/ww2.html">"World War II&#160;— Louisiana Maneuvers"</a>. Beauregard Parish Library. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beau.org/~velmer/local/ww2.html">the original</a> on April 12, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 25,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=World+War+II+%E2%80%94+Louisiana+Maneuvers&amp;rft.pub=Beauregard+Parish+Library&amp;rft.au=Velmer+Lenora+Smith&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.beau.org%2F~velmer%2Flocal%2Fww2.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1941+Texas+hurricane" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1941/09/25/archives/hurricane-hits-houston-in-twist-biggest-blow-in-years-pounds-city.html">"Hurricane Hits Houston In Twist"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. September 25, 1941<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 23,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Hurricane+Hits+Houston+In+Twist&amp;rft.date=1941-09-25&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1941%2F09%2F25%2Farchives%2Fhurricane-hits-houston-in-twist-biggest-blow-in-years-pounds-city.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1941+Texas+hurricane" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r88KAAAAIBAJ&amp;sjid=804DAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=5700,3283942&amp;dq=1941+texas+hurricane&amp;hl=en">"Hurricane Races North Raging Thru Texas"</a>. <i>Ludington Daily News</i>. September 24, 1941<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 24,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Ludington+Daily+News&amp;rft.atitle=Hurricane+Races+North+Raging+Thru+Texas&amp;rft.date=1941-09-24&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3Dr88KAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3D804DAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D5700%2C3283942%26dq%3D1941%2Btexas%2Bhurricane%26hl%3Den&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1941+Texas+hurricane" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=bKkLAAAAIBAJ&amp;sjid=KVUDAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=2709,5353456">"Damage In Millions As Hurricane Hits Texas"</a>. <i>The Evening Independent</i>. September 24, 1941<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 23,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Evening+Independent&amp;rft.atitle=Damage+In+Millions+As+Hurricane+Hits+Texas&amp;rft.date=1941-09-24&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DbKkLAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DKVUDAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D2709%2C5353456&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1941+Texas+hurricane" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Canada-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Canada_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCanadian_Hurricane_Centre2009" class="citation web cs1">Canadian Hurricane Centre (September 14, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ec.gc.ca/Hurricane/default.asp?lang=En&amp;n=75BDF42B-1">"1941-2"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=1941-2&amp;rft.date=2009-09-14&amp;rft.au=Canadian+Hurricane+Centre&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ec.gc.ca%2FHurricane%2Fdefault.asp%3Flang%3DEn%26n%3D75BDF42B-1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1941+Texas+hurricane" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1941_Texas_hurricane&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/mwreviews/1941.pdf">Monthly Weather Review</a></li></ul> <div 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class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tropical_cyclones_of_the_1941_Atlantic_hurricane_season" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/1941_Atlantic_hurricane_season_summary_map.png/150px-1941_Atlantic_hurricane_season_summary_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/1941_Atlantic_hurricane_season_summary_map.png/200px-1941_Atlantic_hurricane_season_summary_map.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="season-bar-button"><div title="Storm One" class="season-bar-intensity mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #4DFFFF;"><span>TS</span></div><div title="Storm One" class="season-bar-name"><a href="/wiki/1941_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Tropical_Storm_One" title="1941 Atlantic hurricane season">One</a></div></div> <div class="season-bar-button"><div title="Cat3 Two" class="season-bar-intensity mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #FF9E59;"><span>3</span></div><div title="Cat3 Two" class="season-bar-name"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Two</a></div></div> <div class="season-bar-button"><div title="Cat1 Three" class="season-bar-intensity mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #FFFFD9;"><span>1</span></div><div title="Cat1 Three" class="season-bar-name"><a href="/wiki/1941_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Three" title="1941 Atlantic hurricane season">Three</a></div></div> <div class="season-bar-button"><div title="Cat3 Four" class="season-bar-intensity mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #FF9E59;"><span>3</span></div><div title="Cat3 Four" class="season-bar-name"><a href="/wiki/1941_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Four" title="1941 Atlantic hurricane season">Four</a></div></div> <div class="season-bar-button"><div title="Cat3 Five" class="season-bar-intensity mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #FF9E59;"><span>3</span></div><div title="Cat3 Five" class="season-bar-name"><a href="/wiki/1941_Florida_hurricane" title="1941 Florida hurricane">Five</a></div></div> <div class="season-bar-button"><div title="Storm Six" class="season-bar-intensity mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #4DFFFF;"><span>TS</span></div><div title="Storm Six" class="season-bar-name"><a href="/wiki/1941_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Tropical_Storm_Six" title="1941 Atlantic hurricane season">Six</a></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:1940s_Atlantic_hurricane_seasons" title="Category:1940s Atlantic hurricane seasons">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Category_3_Atlantic_hurricanes" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Category_3_Atlantic_hurricanes" title="Template:Category 3 Atlantic hurricanes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Category_3_Atlantic_hurricanes" title="Template talk:Category 3 Atlantic hurricanes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Category_3_Atlantic_hurricanes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Category 3 Atlantic hurricanes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Category_3_Atlantic_hurricanes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Category_3_Atlantic_hurricanes" title="List of Category 3 Atlantic hurricanes">Category 3 Atlantic hurricanes</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="1851–1949" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1851–1949</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1850s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1851_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Four" title="1851 Atlantic hurricane season">"San Agapito"</a> (1851)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1852_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_One" title="1852 Atlantic hurricane season">"Great Mobile"</a> (1852)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1853_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Four" title="1853 Atlantic hurricane season">Four</a> (1853)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1854_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Three" title="1854 Atlantic hurricane season">"Coastal"</a> (1854)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1855_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Five" title="1855 Atlantic hurricane season">"Middle Gulf Shore"</a> (1855)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Five" title="1856 Atlantic hurricane season">"Southeastern States"</a> (1856)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1859_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Six" title="1859 Atlantic hurricane season">Six</a> (1859)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1860s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1867_San_Narciso_hurricane" title="1867 San Narciso hurricane">"San Narciso"</a> (1867)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1869_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Six" title="1869 Atlantic hurricane season">"New England"</a> (1869)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1870s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1870_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Four" title="1870 Atlantic hurricane season">Four</a> (1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Six" title="1870 Atlantic hurricane season">"San Marcos"</a> (1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1871_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Three" title="1871 Atlantic hurricane season">Three</a> (1871)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1871_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Four" title="1871 Atlantic hurricane season">"Santa Juana"</a> (1871)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1873_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Two" title="1873 Atlantic hurricane season">"Nova Scotia"</a> (1873)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1873_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Five" title="1873 Atlantic hurricane season">"Central Florida"</a> (1873)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1875_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Three" title="1875 Atlantic hurricane season">"Indianola"</a> (1875)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_San_Felipe_hurricane" title="1876 San Felipe hurricane">"San Felipe"</a> (1876)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Five" title="1876 Atlantic hurricane season">"Cuba–South Florida"</a> (1876)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1877_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Four" title="1877 Atlantic hurricane season">Four</a> (1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1878_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Ten" title="1878 Atlantic hurricane season">Ten</a> (1878)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1879_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Two" title="1879 Atlantic hurricane season">"Great Beaufort"</a> (1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1879_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Four" title="1879 Atlantic hurricane season">"Louisiana"</a> (1879)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1880s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1882_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Two" title="1882 Atlantic hurricane season">"Pensacola"</a> (1882)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1883_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Two" title="1883 Atlantic hurricane season">Two</a> (1883)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1883_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Three" title="1883 Atlantic hurricane season">"Bahamas–North Carolina"</a> (1883)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Two" title="1884 Atlantic hurricane season">Two</a> (1884)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1886_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Six" title="1886 Atlantic hurricane season">"Cuba"</a> (1886)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1886_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Seven" title="1886 Atlantic hurricane season">Seven</a> (1886)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1886_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Ten" title="1886 Atlantic hurricane season">"Texas–Louisiana"</a> (1886)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1887_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Six" title="1887 Atlantic hurricane season">Six</a> (1887)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1887_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Seven" title="1887 Atlantic hurricane season">Seven</a> (1887)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_Louisiana_hurricane" title="1888 Louisiana hurricane">"Louisiana"</a> (1888)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Four" title="1888 Atlantic hurricane season">"San Gil"</a> (1888)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1890s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1890_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Three" title="1890 Atlantic hurricane season">Three</a> (1890)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1891_Martinique_hurricane" title="1891 Martinique hurricane">"Martinique"</a> (1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1893_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Three" title="1893 Atlantic hurricane season">"San Roque"</a> (1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1893_New_York_hurricane" title="1893 New York hurricane">"New York"</a> (1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1893_Sea_Islands_hurricane" title="1893 Sea Islands hurricane">"Sea Islands"</a> (1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1893_Great_Charleston_hurricane" title="1893 Great Charleston hurricane">"Great Charleston"</a> (1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1894_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Three" title="1894 Atlantic hurricane season">Three</a> (1894)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1894_Greater_Antilles_hurricane" title="1894 Greater Antilles hurricane">"Greater Antilles"</a> (1894)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1894_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Five" title="1894 Atlantic hurricane season">"Florida Panhandle"</a> (1894)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Two" title="1896 Atlantic hurricane season">"San Ramón"</a> (1896)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_Cedar_Keys_hurricane" title="1896 Cedar Keys hurricane">"Cedar Keys"</a> (1896)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Five" title="1896 Atlantic hurricane season">Five</a> (1896)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1900s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1900_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Two" title="1900 Atlantic hurricane season">Two</a> (1900)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1903_Jamaica_hurricane" title="1903 Jamaica hurricane">"Jamaica"</a> (1903)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1905_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Four" title="1905 Atlantic hurricane season">Four</a> (1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1906_Mississippi_hurricane" title="1906 Mississippi hurricane">"Mississippi"</a> (1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1906_Florida_Keys_hurricane" title="1906 Florida Keys hurricane">"Florida Keys"</a> (1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Six" title="1908 Atlantic hurricane season">Six</a> (1908)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1909_Velasco_hurricane" title="1909 Velasco hurricane">"Velasco"</a> (1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1909_Monterrey_hurricane" title="1909 Monterrey hurricane">"Monterrey"</a> (1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1909_Grand_Isle_hurricane" title="1909 Grand Isle hurricane">"Grand Isle"</a> (1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1909_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Eleven" title="1909 Atlantic hurricane season">"Key West"</a> (1909)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1910s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1912_Jamaica_hurricane" title="1912 Jamaica hurricane">"Jamaica"</a> (1912)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Three" title="1915 Atlantic hurricane season">Three</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_Gulf_Coast_hurricane" title="1916 Gulf Coast hurricane">"Gulf Coast"</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_Charleston_hurricane" title="1916 Charleston hurricane">"Charleston"</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Eleven" title="1916 Atlantic hurricane season">Eleven</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_Virgin_Islands_hurricane" title="1916 Virgin Islands hurricane">"Virgin Islands"</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1917_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Three" title="1917 Atlantic hurricane season">Three</a> (1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1918_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_One" title="1918 Atlantic hurricane season">"Louisiana"</a> (1918)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1920s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1921_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Three" title="1921 Atlantic hurricane season">Three</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1922_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Two" title="1922 Atlantic hurricane season">Two</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Five" title="1923 Atlantic hurricane season">Five</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Three" title="1924 Atlantic hurricane season">Three</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_Nova_Scotia_hurricane" title="1926 Nova Scotia hurricane">"Nova Scotia"</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_Louisiana_hurricane" title="1926 Louisiana hurricane">"Louisiana"</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1927_Nova_Scotia_hurricane" title="1927 Nova Scotia hurricane">"Nova Scotia"</a> (1927)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1930s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1930_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_One" title="1930 Atlantic hurricane season">One</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_Cuba%E2%80%93Bahamas_hurricane" title="1933 Cuba–Bahamas hurricane">"Cuba–Bahamas"</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Thirteen" title="1934 Atlantic hurricane season">Thirteen</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Mid-Atlantic_hurricane" title="1936 Mid-Atlantic hurricane">"Mid-Atlantic"</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1937_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Six" title="1937 Atlantic hurricane season">Six</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Four" title="1938 Atlantic hurricane season">Four</a> (1938)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1940s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">"Texas"</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_Florida_hurricane" title="1941 Florida hurricane">"Florida"</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_Matagorda_hurricane" title="1942 Matagorda hurricane">"Matagorda"</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Four" title="1943 Atlantic hurricane season">Four</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Four" title="1944 Atlantic hurricane season">Four</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945_Texas_hurricane" title="1945 Texas hurricane">"Texas"</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Ten_(Love)" title="1947 Atlantic hurricane season">Love</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Three_(Able)" title="1948 Atlantic hurricane season">Able</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Miami_hurricane" title="1948 Miami hurricane">Fox</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Four" title="1949 Atlantic hurricane season">Four</a> (1949)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="1950–present" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1950–present</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Able_(1950)" title="Hurricane Able (1950)">Able</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Easy_(1950)" title="Hurricane Easy (1950)">Easy</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Jig" title="1950 Atlantic hurricane season">Jig</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Charlie" title="1952 Atlantic hurricane season">Charlie</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Edna" title="1953 Atlantic hurricane season">Edna</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Florence_(1953)" title="Hurricane Florence (1953)">Florence</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Carol" title="Hurricane Carol">Carol</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Edna" title="Hurricane Edna">Edna</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Hilda_(1955)" title="Hurricane Hilda (1955)">Hilda</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Betsy_(1956)" title="Hurricane Betsy (1956)">Betsy</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Audrey" title="Hurricane Audrey">Audrey</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Hannah" title="1959 Atlantic hurricane season">Hannah</a> (1959)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Ethel_(1960)" title="Hurricane Ethel (1960)">Ethel</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Arlene_(1963)" title="Hurricane Arlene (1963)">Arlene</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Beulah" title="1963 Atlantic hurricane season">Beulah</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Isbell" title="Hurricane Isbell">Isbell</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Alma_(1966)" title="Hurricane Alma (1966)">Alma</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Faith" title="Hurricane Faith">Faith</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Debbie_(1969)" title="Hurricane Debbie (1969)">Debbie</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Francelia" title="Hurricane Francelia">Francelia</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gerda" title="Hurricane Gerda">Gerda</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Inga" title="Hurricane Inga">Inga</a> (1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Ella_(1970)" title="Hurricane Ella (1970)">Ella</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Ellen" title="1973 Atlantic hurricane season">Ellen</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Becky" title="1974 Atlantic hurricane season">Becky</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Caroline" title="Hurricane Caroline">Caroline</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Eloise" title="Hurricane Eloise">Eloise</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Belle" title="Hurricane Belle">Belle</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Frances" title="1976 Atlantic hurricane season">Frances</a> (1976)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Frances" title="1980 Atlantic hurricane season">Frances</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Floyd" title="1981 Atlantic hurricane season">Floyd</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Irene" title="1981 Atlantic hurricane season">Irene</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Alicia" title="Hurricane Alicia">Alicia</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Elena" title="Hurricane Elena">Elena</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Kate_(1985)" title="Hurricane Kate (1985)">Kate</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Emily_(1987)" title="Hurricane Emily (1987)">Emily</a> (1987)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gustav_(1990)" title="Hurricane Gustav (1990)">Gustav</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Bob" title="Hurricane Bob">Bob</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Emily_(1993)" title="Hurricane Emily (1993)">Emily</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Marilyn" title="Hurricane Marilyn">Marilyn</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Roxanne" title="Hurricane Roxanne">Roxanne</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Bertha_(1996)" title="Hurricane Bertha (1996)">Bertha</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Fran" title="Hurricane Fran">Fran</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Isidore" title="1996 Atlantic hurricane season">Isidore</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Lili_(1996)" title="Hurricane Lili (1996)">Lili</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Erika_(1997)" title="Hurricane Erika (1997)">Erika</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Bonnie_(1998)" title="Hurricane Bonnie (1998)">Bonnie</a> (1998)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Alberto_(2000)" title="Hurricane Alberto (2000)">Alberto</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Erin_(2001)" title="Hurricane Erin (2001)">Erin</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Felix" title="2001 Atlantic hurricane season">Felix</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Isidore" title="Hurricane Isidore">Isidore</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Kate_(2003)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Kate (2003)">Kate</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Alex_(2004)" title="Hurricane Alex (2004)">Alex</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Jeanne" title="Hurricane Jeanne">Jeanne</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Maria_(2005)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Maria (2005)">Maria</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Beta" title="Hurricane Beta">Beta</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gordon_(2006)" title="Hurricane Gordon (2006)">Gordon</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Helene_(2006)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Helene (2006)">Helene</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Bertha_(2008)" title="Hurricane Bertha (2008)">Bertha</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Fred_(2009)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Fred (2009)">Fred</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Karl" title="Hurricane Karl">Karl</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Irene" title="Hurricane Irene">Irene</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Rina" title="Hurricane Rina">Rina</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Michael" title="2012 Atlantic hurricane season">Michael</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Sandy" title="Hurricane Sandy">Sandy</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Edouard" title="2014 Atlantic hurricane season">Edouard</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Danny_(2015)" title="Hurricane Danny (2015)">Danny</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Gaston" title="2016 Atlantic hurricane season">Gaston</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Otto" title="Hurricane Otto">Otto</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Lee" title="2017 Atlantic hurricane season">Lee</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Ophelia_(2017)" title="Hurricane Ophelia (2017)">Ophelia</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Humberto_(2019)" title="Hurricane Humberto (2019)">Humberto</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Epsilon_(2020)" title="Hurricane Epsilon (2020)">Epsilon</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Zeta" title="Hurricane Zeta">Zeta</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Grace" title="Hurricane Grace">Grace</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Larry" title="Hurricane Larry">Larry</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Rafael_(2024)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Rafael (2024)">Rafael</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Category_2_Atlantic_hurricanes" title="Category:Category 2 Atlantic hurricanes">Category</a></li> <li><span 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