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id="abstract">While a couple of glasses of wine can help clear the mind after a busy day, new research shows that it may actually help clean the mind as well. The new study shows that low levels of alcohol consumption tamp down inflammation and helps the brain clear away toxins, including those associated with Alzheimer's disease. </dd> <dt class="no-print">Share:</dt> <dd class="no-print"> <div id="share_top"> <div data-url="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205184845oe_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/02/180202085241.htm" class="ssk-sm ssk-group"> <a class="ssk ssk-icon ssk-facebook"></a> <a class="ssk ssk-icon ssk-twitter"></a> <a class="ssk ssk-icon ssk-google-plus"></a> <a class="ssk ssk-icon ssk-pinterest"></a> <a class="ssk ssk-icon ssk-linkedin"></a> <a class="ssk ssk-icon ssk-email"></a> </div> </div> </dd> </dl> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8 col-md-push-4"> <div class="fullstory">FULL STORY</div> <hr class="hr-fullstory"/> <div id="story_photo" class="hyphenate"> <div class="photo-image"><img class="img-responsive center-block" src="/web/20180205184845im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2018/02/180202085241_1_540x360.jpg" width="" height="" title="Click to enlarge" alt="" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#myModal"/></div> <div class="photo-caption">Red wine.</div> <div class="photo-credit"><em>Credit: © stokkete / Fotolia</em></div> <div class="clearfix"></div>  <div class="modal fade" id="myModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myModalLabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-lg"> <div class="modal-content modal-content-custom"> <div class="modal-image"><img class="img-responsive center-block" src="/web/20180205184845im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2018/02/180202085241_1_900x600.jpg" width="848" height="566"/></div> <div class="modal-text"> <div class="modal-caption">Red wine.</div> <div class="modal-credit"><em>Credit: © stokkete / Fotolia</em></div> <div class="modal-close"><button type="button" class="btn btn-default" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button></div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="clearfix"></div> <div id="story_text" class="hyphenate"> <p id="first" class="lead">While a couple of glasses of wine can help clear the mind after a busy day, new research shows that it may actually help clean the mind as well. The new study, which appears in the journal <em>Scientific Reports</em>, shows that low levels of alcohol consumption tamp down inflammation and helps the brain clear away toxins, including those associated with Alzheimer's disease.</p> <div class="mobile-top-rectangle hidden-md hidden-lg"> <div class="textrule"> <span>advertisement</span> </div> <div class="ad-tag" data-ad-name="Rectangle" data-ad-size="300x250"></div> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20180205184845js_/https://tags-cdn.deployads.com/a/sciencedaily.com.js" async></script><script>(deployads = window.deployads || []).push({});</script><hr class="hrrule"/> </div> <div id="text"> <p>"Prolonged intake of excessive amounts of ethanol is known to have adverse effects on the central nervous system," said Maiken Nedergaard, M.D., D.M.Sc., co-director of the Center for Translational Neuromedicine at the University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC) and lead author of the study. "However, in this study we have shown for the first time that low doses of alcohol are potentially beneficial to brain health, namely it improves the brain's ability to remove waste."</p> <p>The finding adds to a growing body of research that point to the health benefits of low doses of alcohol. While excessive consumption of alcohol is a well-documented health hazard, many studies have linked lower levels of drinking with a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases as well as a number of cancers.</p> <p>Nedergaard's research focuses on the glymphatic system, the brain's unique cleaning process that was first described by Nedergaard and her colleagues in 2012. They showed how cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) is pumped into brain tissue and flushes away waste, including the proteins beta amyloid and tau that are associated with Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia. Subsequent research has shown that the glymphatic system is more active while we sleep, can be damaged by stroke and trauma, and improves with exercise.</p> <p>The new study, which was conducted in mice, looked at the impact of both acute and chronic alcohol exposure. When they studied the brains of animals exposed to high levels of alcohol over a long period of time, the researchers observed high levels of a molecular marker for inflammation, particularly in cells called astrocytes which are key regulators of the glymphatic system. They also noted impairment of the animal's cognitive abilities and motor skills.</p> <p>Animals that were exposed to low levels of alcohol consumption, analogous to approximately 2 ½ drinks per day, actually showed less inflammation in the brain and their glymphatic system was more efficient in moving CSF through the brain and removing waste, compared to control mice who were not exposed to alcohol. The low dose animals' performance in the cognitive and motor tests was identical to the controls.</p> <p>"The data on the effects of alcohol on the glymphatic system seemingly matches the J-shaped model relating to the dose effects of alcohol on general health and mortality, whereby low doses of alcohol are beneficial, while excessive consumption is detrimental to overall health" said Nedergaard. "Studies have shown that low-to-moderate alcohol intake is associated with a lesser risk of dementia, while heavy drinking for many years confers an increased risk of cognitive decline. This study may help explain why this occurs. Specifically, low doses of alcohol appear to improve overall brain health."</p> </div> <div class="mobile-middle-rectangle hidden-md hidden-lg"> <div class="textrule"> <span>advertisement</span> </div> <div class="ad-tag" data-ad-name="Rectangle2" data-ad-size="300x250"></div> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20180205184845js_/https://tags-cdn.deployads.com/a/sciencedaily.com.js" async></script><script>(deployads = window.deployads || []).push({});</script><hr class="hrrule"/> </div> <hr class="hidden-sm hidden-xs"/> <div id="story_source"> <p><strong>Story Source:</strong></p> <p>Materials provided by <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205184845/http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><strong>University of Rochester Medical Center</strong></a>. <em>Note: Content may be edited for style and length.</em></p> </div>  <hr/> <div id="journal_references"><p><strong>Journal Reference</strong>:</p> <ol class="journal"> <li>Iben Lundgaard, Wei Wang, Allison Eberhardt, Hanna Sophia Vinitsky, Benjamin Cameron Reeves, Sisi Peng, Nanhong Lou, Rashad Hussain, Maiken Nedergaard. <strong>Beneficial effects of low alcohol exposure, but adverse effects of high alcohol intake on glymphatic function</strong>. <em>Scientific Reports</em>, 2018; 8 (1) DOI: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205184845/http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20424-y" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">10.1038/s41598-018-20424-y</a> </li> </ol> <hr/> </div>  <div id="citations"> <div role="tabpanel" class="right-tabs clearfix"> <p class="pull-left"><strong>Cite This Page</strong>:</p>  <ul class="nav nav-tabs" role="tablist"> <li role="presentation" class="active"><a href="#citation_mla" aria-controls="citation_mla" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">MLA</a></li> <li role="presentation"><a href="#citation_apa" aria-controls="citation_apa" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">APA</a></li> <li role="presentation"><a href="#citation_chicago" aria-controls="citation_chicago" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">Chicago</a></li> </ul> <div class="tab-content tab-citations"> <div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane active" id="citation_mla">University of Rochester Medical Center. "Low levels of alcohol good for the brain, study shows." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 2 February 2018. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/02/180202085241.htm>.</div> <div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane" id="citation_apa">University of Rochester Medical Center. (2018, February 2). Low levels of alcohol good for the brain, study shows. <em>ScienceDaily</em>. Retrieved February 5, 2018 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/02/180202085241.htm</div> <div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane" id="citation_chicago">University of Rochester Medical Center. "Low levels of alcohol good for the brain, study shows." 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