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(Grammar Examples)</h1> <div bind="b4d36f25-3a5e-8c0b-ebc8-a80567a94714" class="featured-image-wrap"> <img src="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/stock-4-9-1024x683.jpeg" height="auto" style="-moz-border-radius:10px;-webkit-border-radius:10px;border-radius:10px;margin-bottom:40px;" alt="appositive phrase" /> </div> </div> </div> <div bind="80e03a2d-a20f-6efc-c0d9-14bc49b22dd9" class="article-body wf-section"> <div bind="bc878838-ab40-9492-e3bd-2479e727ee0e" class="article-body"> <div bind="bc0209be-976e-1d43-38b0-3a9a8847699c" class="container w-container"> <div bind="085bf5dc-f87e-1752-2b64-0aa48fd35121" class="w-richtext"> <p>What’s <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/a-or-an/">an</a> appositive phrase? And how are they used in American English? How do they interact with commas and restrictive elements? Learn all about appositive phrases in this short English <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/what-is-grammar/">grammar</a> worksheet.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="what-are-appositives"></span>What are appositives?<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p>Appositives are <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/noun/">nouns</a> or pronouns (used along with modifiers) that are set <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/beside-vs-besides/">beside</a> another noun or pronoun. <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/a-vs-the/">The</a> function of the appositive is <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/to-vs-too/">to</a> explain or describe the noun/pronoun.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="lets-look-at-an-example-to-understand-this-better"></span>Let’s look at an example to understand this better:<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>My new laptop, <em>the latest Dell Vostro model</em>, <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/has-vs-have/">has</a> helped <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/me-vs-myself/">me</a> boost my productivity.</li></ul> <p>In this example, the word laptop is a noun. Dell Vostro model is another noun, <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/comma-before-which/">which</a> describes the laptop. And the <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/modifier/">modifier</a> word ‘latest’ is getting used. </p> <p>In this case, ‘the latest Dell Vostro model’ is the <strong>appositive phrase</strong>. <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/bye-vs-by/">By</a> using this phrase, the laptop is being described clearly.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="lets-look-at-another-example-with-slightly-different-punctuation"></span>Let’s look at another example with slightly different punctuation:<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>The Chief Medical Officer, <em>Dr. Flora,</em> will be <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-tense-of-see/">seeing</a> patients from 2 pm to 5 pm on Fridays.</li></ul> <p>In the above example, the noun being described is Chief Medical Officer. The phrase <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/used-to/">used to</a> describe her is her name, Dr. Flora. Making it the appositive phrase.</p> <p>An appositive is essentially bonus or extra information being provided. It <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/would-vs-will/">would</a> be interesting to look at the <a href="https://www.grammarly.com/blog/appositive/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">origin of the word appositive</a>. </p> <p>It comes from the word appose, which means alongside or near. For all practical purposes, the meaning of the word resembles juxtapose. It does not <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-tense-of-have/">have</a> any relation to opposing, as some people <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-tense-of-think/">think</a>.</p> <p>In the world of grammar, an element is in apposition to another, if it provides extra information about it.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="how-are-commas-and-appositives-used"></span>How are commas and appositives used?<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/there-their-theyre/">There</a> are certain <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/grammar-rules/">grammar rules</a> that clearly explain <a href="https://www.grammarbook.com/blog/commas/commas-with-appositives/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">how commas should be used with appositives</a>. It is important to know and understand those rules.</p> <p>One rule is that when the appositive phrase is essential to the noun’s meaning, <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/then-vs-than/">then</a> commas should not get used. This is a situation <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/where-vs-were/">where</a> the appositive would generally get used before the noun or pronoun.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="lets-look-at-an-example-to-understand-this"></span>Let’s look at an example to understand this:<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>CFO <em>Barry Gates</em> has called for a meeting at 4 pm.</li></ul> <p>In this example, CFO is the noun, and the appositive used is <strong>Barry Gates</strong>. Here, the appositive <strong>Barry Gates</strong> is essential for the noun. Without the appositive, one will not know who the CFO is. Hence, there is no <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/oxford-comma-serial-comma/">comma</a> needed.</p> <p>When the noun used in the <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/what-is-a-sentence/">sentence</a> can be identified on its own, then the appositive phrase needs to have commas. </p> <p>According to this rule, a comma is needed before the appositive in order to separate it from the noun. A comma is also placed after the appositive to separate it from the rest of the sentence.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="473" height="293" src="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-30-at-2.07.41-PM.png" alt="Appositive phrase example" class="wp-image-1397" srcset="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-30-at-2.07.41-PM.png 473w, https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-30-at-2.07.41-PM-300x186.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 473px) 100vw, 473px" /><figcaption>Appositive phrase example</figcaption></figure></div> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="an-example-will-make-this-clear"></span>An example will make this clear:<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Dr. Malcom, <em>our anatomy professor</em>, will be assigning the grades.</li></ul> <p>Here, Dr. Malcolm is the noun and can be identified distinctly. The appositive ‘anatomy professor’ provides additional information and ‘our’ acts as a modifier for the appositive. So, it is separated using commas.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="examples-in-sentences"></span>Examples in sentences<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>My daughter, <em>who won the drawing competition</em>, will be here soon.</li><li>My friend <em>Kris</em> loves animals.</li><li>Carol, <em>my faithful assistant</em>, will be there to guide <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/personal-pronouns/">you</a> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/threw-vs-through/">through</a> the process.</li></ul> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="how-are-commas-and-restrictive-elements-used"></span>How are commas and restrictive elements used?<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p>Here, it is important to understand what a restrictive element is. As the name suggests, a restrictive element restricts the meaning of the word being modified. </p> <p>It is <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/how-to-use-therefore-correctly/">therefore</a> considered essential to the sentence’s meaning. Hence, keeping in mind the above rule, commas should not get used.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img decoding="async" width="472" height="311" src="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-30-at-2.07.49-PM.png" alt="Appositive phrase example" class="wp-image-1398" srcset="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-30-at-2.07.49-PM.png 472w, https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-30-at-2.07.49-PM-300x198.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 472px) 100vw, 472px" /></figure></div> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="to-understand-this-look-at-this-example"></span>To understand this, look at this example:<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Agatha Christie’s novel <em>Murder on the Orient Express</em> is my all-time favorite novel.</li></ul> <p>In this sentence, we do not <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/use-vs-utilize/">use</a> a comma <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/is-because-a-conjunction/">because</a> the book title is essential for the sentence to be complete. <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/because-vs-since/">Since</a> Agatha Christie has written many novels, you need to mention which is your favorite.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="examples-in-sentences-2"></span>Examples in sentences<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>The children needed bags that were durable.</li><li>A company that works with the government needs to be careful how they use data.</li></ul> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="how-to-use-appositive-phrases"></span>How to use appositive phrases<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p>Appositive phrases describe and provide additional information about a noun or pronoun. The usage and <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/punctuation/">punctuation</a> used for the phrases depend on how it is used.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>First, it should be decided <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/weather-whether-wether/">whether</a> an essential or non-essential phrase is being. If it is an essential phrase, there is no need to use commas to set off the appositive.</li><li>If the phrase is non-essential, then commas need to be used to separate the appositive from the noun and the rest of the sentence.</li><li>The appositive must be used immediately after the noun to <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/ensure-vs-insure/">ensure</a> its meaning is clear.</li></ul> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="difference-between-appositive-phrases-and-direct-address"></span>Difference between appositive phrases and direct address<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <p>An appositive phrase is used to describe a noun or pronoun by providing additional information about it. When used with a name, it can be preceded by an appositive phrase that describes the name (eg, CEO).</p> <p>The appositive phrase can also be mentioned after the noun (eg, The car, which <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/was-vs-were/">was</a> a red sedan).</p> <p><a href="https://www.btb.termiumplus.gc.ca/tpv2guides/guides/wrtps/index-eng.html?lang=eng&lettr=indx_catlog_c&page=9J8lRcRhJ-78.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A direct address</a>, on the other hand, uses the name or title of a person to address them. Let’s understand this with an example.</p> <p>Julie liked the concert. In this sentence, there is a reference made to Julie and the concert. It is being said by someone about Julie and not to Julie.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img decoding="async" width="474" height="275" src="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-30-at-2.07.58-PM.png" alt="Appositive phrase example" class="wp-image-1399" srcset="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-30-at-2.07.58-PM.png 474w, https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-30-at-2.07.58-PM-300x174.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px" /><figcaption>Appositive phrase example</figcaption></figure></div> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="now-look-at-this-sentence"></span>Now, look at this sentence:<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Julie, did you like the concert?</li></ul> <p>This sentence has a <strong>direct address</strong> where Julie is being addressed. The sentence (in this case, question) is directed to Julie. This is known as a direct address.</p> <p>The direct address uses a comma to separate the person’s name from the remainder of the sentence.</p> <p>The name can be either at the start of the sentence, the middle, or the ending. <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/a-part-or-apart/">Apart</a> from the name, even a title can be used.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="examples-in-sentences-3"></span>Examples in sentences<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h3> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Robin, come with me to the mall.</li><li>Doctor, can you come quickly?</li><li>Can you tell me, sir, why did you ring the bell?</li><li>Are you ready to come to the <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/theater-or-theatre/">theatre</a>, Marilyn?</li></ul> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="sources"></span>Sources<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <ol class="wp-block-list"><li><a href="https://www.grammarly.com/blog/appositive/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Appositives – What They Are and How to Use Them</a></li><li><a href="https://www.shsu.edu/centers/academic-success-center/writing/handouts/loc/P-5.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Elements</a></li><li><a href="https://www.btb.termiumplus.gc.ca/tpv2guides/guides/wrtps/index-eng.html?lang=eng&lettr=indx_catlog_c&page=9J8lRcRhJ-78.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Commas with direct address</a></li><li><a href="https://www.grammarbook.com/blog/commas/commas-with-appositives/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Commas with appositives</a></li></ol> <div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/FAQPage"> <h2 class="wp-block-coblocks-faq__title wp-block-heading"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="faqs"></span>FAQs<span class="ez-toc-section-end"></span></h2> <details class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item" itemprop="mainEntity" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Question"><summary class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question" itemprop="name"><div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question__content">What is an appositive phrase?</div><svg width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question__icon" aria-hidden="true"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M19.39 14.99l-1.41 1.41L12 10.43 6.02 16.4l-1.41-1.41L12 7.6l7.39 7.39z"></path></svg></summary><div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__answer" itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer"><div itemprop="text"> <p>An appositive phrase is a noun, a noun phrase, or series of nouns that renames the noun next to it</p> </div></div></details> <details class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item" itemprop="mainEntity" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Question"><summary class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question" itemprop="name"><div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question__content">What is an appositive noun phrase?</div><svg width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question__icon" aria-hidden="true"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M19.39 14.99l-1.41 1.41L12 10.43 6.02 16.4l-1.41-1.41L12 7.6l7.39 7.39z"></path></svg></summary><div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__answer" itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer"><div itemprop="text"> <p>An appositive noun phrase is a <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/types-of-nouns/">type of noun</a> phrase that provides extra information about the <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subject-of-a-sentence/">subject</a> or objects of a sentence</p> </div></div></details> <details class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item" itemprop="mainEntity" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Question"><summary class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question" itemprop="name"><div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question__content">How do you use a nonrestrictive appositive phrase?</div><svg width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question__icon" aria-hidden="true"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M19.39 14.99l-1.41 1.41L12 10.43 6.02 16.4l-1.41-1.41L12 7.6l7.39 7.39z"></path></svg></summary><div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__answer" itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer"><div itemprop="text"> <p>Depending on the tone you want to achieve and the context, you <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/may-vs-can/">may</a> also <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/choose-vs-chose/">choose</a> either <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/brackets-vs-parentheses/">parentheses</a> or an em <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/hyphen/">dash</a> to put the nonrestrictive appositive phrase together.</p> </div></div></details> <details class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item" itemprop="mainEntity" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Question"><summary class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question" itemprop="name"><div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question__content">How do I determine what the nonessential appositive phrase is?</div><svg width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question__icon" aria-hidden="true"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M19.39 14.99l-1.41 1.41L12 10.43 6.02 16.4l-1.41-1.41L12 7.6l7.39 7.39z"></path></svg></summary><div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__answer" itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer"><div itemprop="text"> <p>To determine an essential or a nonessential appositive phrase, remove the appositive phrase from the sentence altogether.</p> </div></div></details> <details class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item" itemprop="mainEntity" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Question"><summary class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question" itemprop="name"><div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question__content">What are appositive phrase examples?</div><svg width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question__icon" aria-hidden="true"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M19.39 14.99l-1.41 1.41L12 10.43 6.02 16.4l-1.41-1.41L12 7.6l7.39 7.39z"></path></svg></summary><div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__answer" itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer"><div itemprop="text"> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Robin, come with me to the mall.</li><li>Doctor, can you come quickly?</li><li>Can you tell me, sir, why did you ring the bell?</li><li>Are you ready to come to the theatre, Marilyn?</li></ul> </div></div></details> <details class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item" itemprop="mainEntity" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Question"><summary class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question" itemprop="name"><div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question__content">Are noun phrases the same as appositive phrase?</div><svg width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__question__icon" aria-hidden="true"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M19.39 14.99l-1.41 1.41L12 10.43 6.02 16.4l-1.41-1.41L12 7.6l7.39 7.39z"></path></svg></summary><div class="wp-block-coblocks-faq-item__answer" itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer"><div itemprop="text"> <p>No. Although there are noun appositive phrases that function in their own regard.</p> </div></div></details> </div> <div id="ez-toc-container" class="ez-toc-v2_0_69_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction"> <div class="ez-toc-title-container"> <p class="ez-toc-title" style="cursor:inherit">Inside this article</p> <span class="ez-toc-title-toggle"></span></div> <nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1" href="#what-are-appositives" title="What are appositives?">What are appositives?</a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2" href="#lets-look-at-an-example-to-understand-this-better" title="Let’s look at an example to understand this better">Let’s look at an example to understand this better</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3" href="#lets-look-at-another-example-with-slightly-different-punctuation" title="Let’s look at another example with slightly different punctuation">Let’s look at another example with slightly different punctuation</a></li></ul></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4" href="#how-are-commas-and-appositives-used" title="How are commas and appositives used?">How are commas and appositives used?</a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5" href="#lets-look-at-an-example-to-understand-this" title="Let’s look at an example to understand this">Let’s look at an example to understand this</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6" href="#an-example-will-make-this-clear" title="An example will make this clear">An example will make this clear</a></li></ul></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7" href="#examples-in-sentences" title="Examples in sentences">Examples in sentences</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8" href="#how-are-commas-and-restrictive-elements-used" title="How are commas and restrictive elements used?">How are commas and restrictive elements used?</a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9" href="#to-understand-this-look-at-this-example" title="To understand this, look at this example">To understand this, look at this example</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10" href="#examples-in-sentences-2" title="Examples in sentences">Examples in sentences</a></li></ul></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11" href="#how-to-use-appositive-phrases" title="How to use appositive phrases">How to use appositive phrases</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12" href="#difference-between-appositive-phrases-and-direct-address" title="Difference between appositive phrases and direct address">Difference between appositive phrases and direct address</a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13" href="#now-look-at-this-sentence" title="Now, look at this sentence">Now, look at this sentence</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14" href="#examples-in-sentences-3" title="Examples in sentences">Examples in sentences</a></li></ul></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15" href="#sources" title="Sources">Sources</a></li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class="ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16" href="#faqs" title="FAQs">FAQs</a></li></ul></nav></div> </div> <div bind="a45688e5-b9eb-987e-b87a-877b363b714a" class="tags w-clearfix"> <div bind="3c46d1e8-cfca-93f8-1f0b-132651db81b5"><span bind="e3af2ae6-d86a-f810-ba70-8a062949eb9d" 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Fact checkers review articles for factual accuracy, relevance, and timeliness. <a href="/editorial-policy/" bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e73"><strong bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e74">Learn more.</strong></a> </p> </div>   <div bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e64" class="author"> <div bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e65" class="author-image w-row"> <div bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e66" class="column-3 w-col w-col-3"><img src="https://grammarbrain.com/wp-content/themes/grammarbrain/images/Screen-Shot-2022-09-10-at-4.07.48-PM.png" loading="lazy" bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e67" alt="" class="image-3" style="-webkit-border-radius:200px;border-radius:200px;-moz-border-radius:200px;"></div> <div bind="a6b1dcf4-d86a-ecf2-05e3-b91db5a16e68" class="column-2 w-col w-col-9"> <p bind="3eab4726-5f41-ff61-2881-dd7370ae1a47" class="author-p"><strong>About the author</strong> <a href="#" bind="3eab4726-5f41-ff61-2881-dd7370ae1a4c"><strong bind="3eab4726-5f41-ff61-2881-dd7370ae1a4d"></strong></a> </p> <p bind="3eab4726-5f41-ff61-2881-dd7370ae1a47" class="author-p"> <a href="/about/" bind="a4a5a123-eef4-a277-5d08-7dfd48482052"><strong bind="16ba8aa2-6a9a-8a55-c24f-7e0b2e7391c4">Dalia Y.:</strong></a> Dalia is an English Major and linguistics expert with an additional degree in Psychology. Dalia has featured articles on Forbes, Inc, Fast Company, Grammarly, and many more. She covers English, ESL, and all things grammar on GrammarBrain. </p> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="other-articles"> <h3 class="abbv-h3">Core lessons</h3> <div class="w-row"> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/apostrophe/">Apostrophe</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/ellipsis/">Ellipsis</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/semicolon/">Semicolon</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/hyphen/">Hyphen</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/et-al/">Et. Al.</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/exclamation-mark/">Exclamation Mark</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/capitalization-rules/">Capitalization Rules</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/oxford-comma-serial-comma/">Comma</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/parts-of-speech/">Parts of Speech</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subjunctive/">Subjunctive</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjectives/">Adjectives</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjectives-describing-personality/">Personality Adjectives</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-words/">Compound Words</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subordinating-conjunction/">Subordinating Conjunction</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adverbs/">Adverbs</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adverbial-clause/">Adverbial Clause</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/irregular-verbs/">Irregular Verbs</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/common-verbs/">Common Verbs</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/intransitive-verbs/">Intransitive Verbs</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/phrasal-verbs/">Phrasal Verbs</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/prepositions/">Prepositions</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/gerund/">Gerund</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/active-voice/">Active Voice</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/passive-voice/">Passive Voice</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/conjunctions/">Conjunctions</a> </div>  <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/present-perfect-tense/">Present Perfect</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/present-perfect-simple/">Present Perfect Simple</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/present-simple-tense/">Present Simple</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/present-continuous/">Present Continuous</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/present-perfect-continuous/">Present Perfect Continuous</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/simple-future-tense/">Simple Future</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-continuous-tense/">Past Continuous</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-simple-tense/">Past Simple</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/clauses/">Clauses</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/object-pronouns/">Object Pronouns</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/personal-pronouns/">Personal Pronouns</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/possessive-pronouns/">Possessive Pronouns</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/common-noun/">Common Noun</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/concrete-nouns/">Concrete Noun</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/possessive-noun/">Possessive Noun</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/proper-noun/">Proper Noun</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/irregular-plural-nouns/">Irregular Plural Nouns</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/prepositional-phrases/">Prepositional Phrases</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/introductory-phrases/">Introductory Phrases</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/declarative-statement/">Declarative Statement</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/sentence-diagramming/">Sentence Diagramming</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/complete-subjects/">Complete Subjects</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/sentence-starters/">Sentence Starters</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/metaphor/">Metaphor</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/personification/">Personification</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/allegory/">Allegory</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/collective-noun/">Collective Nouns</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/tones-in-writing/">Tones in Writing</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/homophones/">Homophones</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/declarative-sentences/">Declarative Sentences</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/syntax/">Syntax</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="other-articles"> <h3 class="abbv-h3">Glossary</h3> <div class="w-row"> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <strong>A:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/abstract-noun/">Abstract Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/accusative-case/">Accusative Case</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/anecdote/">Anecdote</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/antonym/">Antonym</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/active-sentence/">Active Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adverbs/">Adverb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjective/">Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/allegory/">Allegory</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/alliteration/">Alliteration</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjective-clause/">Adjective Clause</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjective-phrase/">Adjective Phrase</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/ampersand/">Ampersand</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/anastrophe/">Anastrophe</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adverbial-clause/">Adverbial Clause</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/appositive-phrase/">Appositive Phrase</a></li> </ul> <strong>B:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/base-form/">Base Form</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/body-paragraph/">Body Paragraph</a></li> </ul> <strong>C:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/clauses/">Clause</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-adjective/">Compound Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/complex-sentence/">Complex Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-words/">Compound Words</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-predicate/">Compound Predicate</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/common-noun/">Common Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/comparative-adjective/">Comparative Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/superlatives-and-comparatives/">Comparative and Superlative</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-noun/">Compound Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-subject/">Compound Subject</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/compound-sentence/">Compound Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/copular-verb/">Copular Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/collective-noun/">Collective Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/colloquialism/">Colloquialism</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/conciseness/">Conciseness</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/consonance/">Consonance</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/conditionals/">Conditional</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/concrete-nouns/">Concrete Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/conjunctions/">Conjunction</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/conjugation/">Conjugation</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/conditional-sentence-if-clause/">Conditional Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/comma-splice/">Comma Splice</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/correlative-conjunction/">Correlative Conjunction</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/coordinating-conjunction/">Coordinating Conjunction</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/coordinating-adjectives/">Coordinate Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/cumulative-adjective/">Cumulative Adjective</a></li> </ul> <strong>D:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/dative-case/">Dative Case</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/determiners/">Determiner</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/declarative-sentences/">Declarative Sentence</a> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/declarative-statement/">Declarative Statement</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/direct-object-pronouns/">Direct Object Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/direct-object/">Direct Object</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/types-of-diction/">Diction</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/diphthong/">Diphthong</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/dangling-modifier/">Dangling Modifier</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/demonstrative-pronouns/">Demonstrative Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/demonstrative-adjective/">Demonstrative Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/direct-characterization/">Direct Characterization</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/definite-article/">Definite Article</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/doublespeak/">Doublespeak</a></li> </ul> <strong>E:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/equivocation-fallacy/">Equivocation Fallacy</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/en-dash/">En Dash</a></li> </ul> <strong>F:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/false-dilemma-fallacy/">False Dilemma Fallacy</a> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/future-perfect-progressive/">Future Perfect Progressive</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/future-simple/">Future Simple</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/future-perfect-continuous/">Future Perfect Continuous</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/future-perfect/">Future Perfect</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/first-conditional/">First Conditional</a></li> </ul> <strong>G:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/gerund/">Gerund</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/gerund-phrase/">Gerund Phrase</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/genitive-case/">Genitive Case</a></li> </ul> <strong>H:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/homophones/">Homophone</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/homonym/">Homonym</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/helping-verbs/">Helping Verb</a></li> </ul> <strong>I:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/irregular-adjectives/">Irregular Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/irregular-verbs/">Irregular Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/imperative-sentence/">Imperative Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/indefinite-article/">Indefinite Article</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/intransitive-verbs/">Intransitive Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/introductory-phrases/">Introductory Phrase</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/indefinite-pronouns/">Indefinite Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/indirect-characterization/">Indirect Characterization</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/interrogative-sentence/">Interrogative Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/intensive-pronoun/">Intensive Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/inanimate-object/">Inanimate Object</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/indefinite-tense/">Indefinite Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/infinitive-phrase/">Infinitive Phrase</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/interjection/">Interjection</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/intensifier/">Intensifier</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/inifitives/">Infinitive</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/indicative-mood/">Indicative Mood</a></li> </ul> <strong>J:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/juxtaposition/">Juxtaposition</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <strong>L:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/linking-verbs/">Linking Verb</a></li> </ul> <strong>M:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/modal-verb/">Modal Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/modifier/">Modifier</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/misplaced-modifier/">Misplaced Modifier</a></li> </ul> <strong>N:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/nominative-case/">Nominative Case</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/noun/">Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/adjective-as-noun/">Noun Adjective</a></li> </ul> <strong>O:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/oxymoron/">Oxymoron</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/object-pronouns/">Object Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/object-complement/">Object Complement</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/order-of-adjectives/">Order of Adjectives</a></li> </ul> <strong>P:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/participle/">Participle</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/parallelism/">Parallelism</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/prepositional-phrases/">Prepositional Phrase</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-simple-tense/">Past Simple Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-continuous-tense/">Past Continuous Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-perfect-tense/">Past Perfect Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/past-progressive-tense/">Past Progressive Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/present-simple-tense/">Present Simple Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/present-perfect-tense/">Present Perfect Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/personal-pronouns/">Personal Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/personification/">Personification</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/persuasive-writing/">Persuasive Writing</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/parallel-structure/">Parallel Structure</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/phrasal-verbs/">Phrasal Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/predicate-adjective/">Predicate Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/predicate-nominative/">Predicate Nominative</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/phonetic-language/">Phonetic Language</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/plural-noun/">Plural Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/punctuation/">Punctuation</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/punctuation-marks/">Punctuation Marks</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/prepositions/">Preposition</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/preposition-of-place/">Preposition of Place</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/parts-of-speech/">Parts of Speech</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/possessive-adjective/">Possessive Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/possessive-determiner/">Possessive Determiner</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/possessive-case/">Possessive Case</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/possessive-noun/">Possessive Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/proper-adjective/">Proper Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/proper-noun/">Proper Noun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/present-participle/">Present Participle</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/prefix/">Prefix</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/predicate/">Predicate</a></li> </ul> <strong>Q:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/quotation-marks/">Quotation Marks</a></li> </ul> <strong>R:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/relative-pronouns/">Relative Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/reflexive-pronouns/">Reflexive Pronoun</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/reciprocal-pronouns/">Reciprocal Pronoun</a></li> </ul> <strong>S:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subordinating-conjunction/">Subordinating Conjunction</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/simple-future-tense/">Simple Future Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/syntax/">Syntax</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/stative-verbs/">Stative Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subjunctive/">Subjunctive</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subject-complement/">Subject Complement</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/subject-of-a-sentence/">Subject of a Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/sentence-variety/">Sentence Variety</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/second-conditional/">Second Conditional</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/suffix/">Suffix</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/superlative-adjective/">Superlative Adjective</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/slash-symbol/">Slash Symbol</a></li> </ul> <strong>T:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/topic-sentence/">Topic Sentence</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/types-of-nouns/">Types of Nouns</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/types-of-sentences/">Types of Sentences</a></li> </ul> <strong>U:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/uncountable-noun/">Uncountable Noun</a></li> </ul> <strong>V:</strong> <ul> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/common-verbs/">Verb</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/verb-tenses/">Verb Tense</a></li> <li><a href="https://grammarbrain.com/vowels-and-consonants/">Vowels and Consonants</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="other-articles"> <h3 class="abbv-h3">Popular lessons</h3> <div class="w-row"> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/bare-with-me-or-bear-with-me/">Bare With Me</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/bosss-bosses-bosses/">Boss's, Bosses, or Bosses'</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/full-proof-or-foolproof/">Full Proof or Foolproof</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a href="https://grammarbrain.com/is-or-are/">Is or Are</a> </div> <div class="w-col w-col-6"> <a 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