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Mitigating heat stress in heifers to prevent stock losses - UQ News - The University of Queensland, Australia
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<div class="block-content"> <div class="uq-core-image large right horizontal"><div class="image-crop"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.uq.edu.au/news/filething/get-styled/large/333388/qaafi-heifer-shade-530.JPG?itok=m2hSmPuy" alt="Cows standing under a shaded structure on a large dry property" title="A heifer shelter in situ on a large property. Image: UQ." /></div><div class="caption">A heifer shelter in situ on a large property. Image: UQ.</div></div><span class="date-display-single" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2024-11-19T06:00:00+10:00">19 November 2024</span><div class="field field-name-field-core-body"><p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">A three-year pilot project led by The University of Queensland has shown installing shade structures in largely treeless paddocks could increase calf survival rates. </span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Led by Senior UQ Research Fellow </span></span><a href="https://researchers.uq.edu.au/researcher/25531" style="color:#467886; text-decoration:underline"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Dr Kieren McCosker</span></span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">, the project evaluated the animal impact of feedlot-grade shelters installed close to water points in Mitchell grass-downs country in the Barkly region. </span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">“This region has high humidity, and temperatures above 40 degrees Celsius are not uncommon when cows are calving,” Dr McCosker said.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">“The average calf loss in this environment is around 17 per cent, but it’s also not uncommon for this to exceed 30 per cent for heifers.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">“When an animal is hot, it loses its appetite, resulting in less energy, which we suspect reduces milk supply and maternal support and ultimately affects production.” </span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">The research team assessed the production benefits of shelters with a 75 per cent UV-block, installed at water points in a 56 square kilometre area.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Previous research like the </span></span><a href="https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:325888" style="color:#467886; text-decoration:underline"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Cash Cow project</span></span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> demonstrated the increased risk of calf loss during the calving period when high heat loads are experienced.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">760 full-blood Wagyu heifers were monitored via GPS trackers, and weather stations were used to monitor conditions and determine a heat index.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">“Our GPS data measured the distance each animal walked and the time spent under the shelter,” Dr McCosker said. </span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">“We observed that all animals monitored sought shade at times, but the duration of shade-seeking varied between individual animals and environmental factors. </span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">“Our analysis indicated that cattle could effectively dissipate accumulated heat loads by utilising shade for extended periods. </span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">“This pilot study observed that mobs with access to shade had a 5.9 per cent higher calf survival rate, and more highly ranked shade-seeking individuals tended to have fewer calf loss events.”</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Dr McCosker said while not statistically significant, the results from the pilot warrant further investigation. </span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">“Given the high rate of average calf loss in northern Australia, an intervention that can reduce this by close to six per cent would have a large impact on production,” he said.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">“We’re working with industry to see how we can investigate further, because a better industry understanding of calf loss will ensure continuous improvement in animal welfare, which is essential for maintaining consumer and community support for grass-fed beef.”</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Dr Ian Braithwaite from the North Australia Beef Research Council said he believed the idea would work with smaller, less expensive shades aimed at calves.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">“With the losses that we are seeing, a 5.9 per cent improvement in survival rate is a substantial result in terms of the welfare of our cattle,” Dr Braithwaite said.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">“Producers would be willing to consider anything to reduce calf losses.”</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">The study was funded by </span></span><a href="https://www.mla.com.au/" style="color:#467886; text-decoration:underline"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Meat & Livestock Australia</span></span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> and completed in collaboration with the </span></span><a href="https://industry.nt.gov.au/" style="color:#467886; text-decoration:underline"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Northern Territory Department of Industry, Tourism and Trade</span></span></a><span class="MsoHyperlink" style="color:#467886"><span style="text-decoration:underline"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> and the </span></span></span></span><a href="https://aaco.com.au/" style="color:#467886; text-decoration:underline"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Australian Agricultural Company</span></span></a><span class="MsoHyperlink" style="color:#467886"><span style="text-decoration:underline"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">The report can be accessed <a href="https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:d0fd0ce">here.</a></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><b><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><span style="color:black">Images and video are available via </span></span></span></i></b><span style="color:black"><a href="https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fo/uvkdymzby2t7zddyg9plv/AMEy1qFkqHubFrtmUBPzQ8U?rlkey=vk0i87e2novublcp4n7sv0f3z&st=j4bxaeut&dl=0" style="color:#467886; text-decoration:underline"><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Dropbox</span></span></i></a></span><b><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><span style="color:black">.</span></span></span></i></b></span></span></span></span></p> <h2>Media contacts</h2> <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Dr Kieren McCosker</span></span><br /> <a href="mailto:k.mccosker@uq.edu.au" style="color:#467886; text-decoration:underline"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><span style="color:#0563c1">k.mccosker@uq.edu.au</span></span></span></a><br /> <br /> <span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">QAAFI Communications, Natalie MacGregor</span></span><br /> <a href="mailto:n.macgregor@uq.edu.au" style="color:#467886; 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