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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American immunologist</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Janelle Ayres</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Janelle-ayres-0X8C9916-rt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Janelle-ayres-0X8C9916-rt.jpg/220px-Janelle-ayres-0X8C9916-rt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Janelle-ayres-0X8C9916-rt.jpg/330px-Janelle-ayres-0X8C9916-rt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Janelle-ayres-0X8C9916-rt.jpg/440px-Janelle-ayres-0X8C9916-rt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="5760" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">American</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a> (BA)<br /><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University_School_of_Medicine" title="Stanford University School of Medicine">Stanford University School of Medicine</a> (PhD)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Host-pathogen interactions with the microbiome</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category">Immunology, Microbiology</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data">Salk Institute for Biological Studies</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Janelle S. Ayres</b> is an American <a href="/wiki/Immunologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Immunologist">immunologist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Microbiologist" title="Microbiologist">microbiologist</a>, member of the NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis and Helen McLoraine Developmental Chair at the <a href="/wiki/Salk_Institute_for_Biological_Studies" title="Salk Institute for Biological Studies">Salk Institute for Biological Sciences</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her research focuses on the relation of host-pathogen interactions with the <a href="/wiki/Microbiota" title="Microbiota">microbiome</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janelle_Ayres&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ayres received her BA in molecular and cell biology at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a> and her PhD at <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University_School_of_Medicine" title="Stanford University School of Medicine">Stanford University School of Medicine</a> in the laboratory of David Schneider, working on resistance and infection tolerance using the model organism Drosophila.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She then completed a postdoctoral fellowship with Russell Vance at the University of California, Berkeley where she published on the role of innate immunity in the recognition of drug resistant pathobionts, or potentially virulent species from the microbiome.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research">Research</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janelle_Ayres&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ayres current research focuses on how microbes can promote the health of their host organism. She uses mathematical and evolutionary models to predict how the beneficial microbes in the gut can be used to fight diseases. Specifically, her lab has demonstrated how a strain of E. coli prevents inflammation-induced wasting, and how a strain Salmonella inhibits sickness-induced anorexia, thus protecting their host from the deleterious effects of infection.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janelle_Ayres&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>Troha, K., Ayres, J.S. Metabolic Adaptations to Infections at the Organismal Level. (2020) <i>Trends in Immunology.</i> DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2019.12.001</li> <li>Ayres, J.S. Immunometabolism of infections. (2019) <i>Nature Reviews Immunology.</i> DOI: 10.1038/s41577-019-0266-9</li> <li>McCarville, J.L., Ayres, J.S. Host-Pathogen Relationship Advice: Fat Protects against a Broken Heart. (2019) <i>Cell Metabolism.</i> 30(3):409-411. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.08.007</li> <li>Wallace, M., Green, C.R., Roberts, L.S., Lee, Y.M., McCarville, J.L., Sanchez-Gurmaches, J., Meurs, N., Gengatharan, J.M., Hover, J.D., Phillips, S.A., Ciaraldi, T.P., Guertin, D.A., Cabrales, P., Ayres, J.S., Nomura, D.K., Loomba, R., Metallo, C.M. Enzyme promiscuity drives branched-chain fatty acid synthesis in adipose tissues. (2018) <i>Nature Chemical Biology.</i> 14(11):1021-1031. DOI: 10.1038/s41589-018-0132-2</li> <li>Sanchez, K.K., Chen, G.Y., Schieber, A.M.P., Redford, S.E., Shokhirev, M.N., Leblanc, M., Lee, Y.M., Ayres, J.S. Cooperative Metabolic Adaptations in the Host Can Favor Asymptomatic Infection and Select for Attenuated Virulence in an Enteric Pathogen. (2018) <i>Cell.</i> 175(1):146-158. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.07.016</li> <li>Chen, G.Y., Ayres, J.S. When the Gut Gets Tough, the Enterocytes Get Going. (2018) <i>Immunity.</i> 48(5):837-839. DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.04.036</li> <li>McCarville, J.L., Ayres, J.S. Disease tolerance: concept and mechanisms. (2018) <i>Current Opinion in Immunology.</i> 50:88-93. DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2017.12.003</li> <li>Lee, Y.M., Ayres, J.S. Decoding the intestinal epithelium cell by cell. (2018) <i>Nature Immunology.</i> 19(1):7-9. DOI: 10.1038/s41590-017-0011-0</li> <li>Rao, S., Ayres, J.S. Resistance and tolerance defenses in cancer: Lessons from infectious diseases. (2017) <i>Seminars in Immunology.</i> 32:54-61. DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2017.08.004</li> <li>Rauch, I., Deets, K.A., Ji, D.X., von Moltke, J., Tenthorey, J.L., Lee, A.Y., Philip, N.H., Ayres, J.S., Brodsky, I.E., Gronert, K., Vance, R.E. NAIP-NLRC4 Inflammasomes Coordinate Intestinal Epithelial Cell Expulsion with Eicosanoid and IL-18 Release via Activation of Caspase-1 and -8. (2017) <i>Immunity.</i> 46(4):649-659. DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.03.016</li> <li>Rao, S., Schieber, A.M., O'Connor, C.P., Leblanc, M., Michel, D., Ayres, J.S. Pathogen-Mediated Inhibition of Anorexia Promotes Host Survival and Transmission. (2017) <i>Cell.</i> 168(3):503-516.e12. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.01.006</li> <li>Ayres, J.S. Microbes Dress for Success: Tolerance or Resistance? (2017) <i>Trends in Microbiology.</i> 25(1):1-3. DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2016.11.006</li> <li>Schieber, A.M., Ayres, J.S. Thermoregulation as a disease tolerance defense strategy. (2016) <i>Pathog Dis.</i> 74(9). DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftw106</li> <li>Ayres, J.S. Disease Tolerance Trick or Treat: Give Your Brain Something Good to Eat. (2016) <i>Cell.</i> 166(6):1368-70. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.08.034</li> <li>Ayres, J.S. Cooperative Microbial Tolerance Behaviors in Host-Microbiota Mutualism. (2016) <i>Cell.</i> 165(6):1323-1331. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.05.049</li> <li>Shen, R., Wang, B., Giribaldi, M.G., Ayres, J., Thomas, J.B., Montminy, M. Neuronal energy-sensing pathway promotes energy balance by modulating disease tolerance. (2016) <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.</i> 113(23):E3307-14. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1606106113</li> <li>Schieber, A.M., Lee, Y.M., Chang, M.W., Leblanc, M., Collins, B., Downes, M., Evans, R.M., Ayres, J.S. Disease tolerance mediated by microbiome E. coli involves inflammasome and IGF-1 signaling. (2015) <i>Science.</i> 350(6260):558-63. DOI: 10.1126/science.aac6468</li> <li>Ayres, J.S. Inflammasome-microbiota interplay in host physiologies. (2013) <i>Cell Host & Microbe.</i> 14(5):491-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2013.10.013</li> <li>Manzanillo, P.S., Ayres, J.S., Watson, R.O., Collins, A.C., Souza, G., Rae, C.S., Schneider, D.S., Nakamura, K., Shiloh, M.U., Cox, J.S. The ubiquitin ligase parkin mediates resistance to intracellular pathogens. (2013) <i>Nature.</i> 501(7468):512-6. DOI: 10.1038/nature12566</li> <li>von Moltke, J., Ayres, J.S., Kofoed, E.M., Chavarría-Smith, J., Vance, R.E. Recognition of bacteria by inflammasomes. (2013) <i>Annual Review of Immunology.</i> 31:73-106. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-032712-095944</li> <li>Ayres, J.S., Trinidad, N.J., Vance, R.E. Lethal inflammasome activation by a multidrug-resistant pathobiont upon antibiotic disruption of the microbiota. (2012) <i>Nature Medicine.</i> 18(5):799-806. DOI: 10.1038/nm.2729</li> <li>Ayres, J.S., Vance, R.E. Cellular teamwork in antibacterial innate immunity. (2012) <i>Nature Immunology.</i> 13(2):115-7. DOI: 10.1038/ni.2212<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Award_and_honors">Award and honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janelle_Ayres&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Award and honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Blavatnik National Award for Young Scientists (2018)</li> <li>NIH Director's Pioneer Award (2018)</li> <li>Senior Research Award, Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America (2016)</li> <li>DARPA Young Faculty Award (2015)</li> <li>Kavli Fellow, National Academy of Sciences (2015)</li> <li>Searle Scholars Award, Searle Scholars Program (2014)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Career Development Award in the Biomedical Sciences, The Ray Thomas Edwards Foundation (2014)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janelle_Ayres&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blavatnikawards.org/honorees/profile/janelle-ayres/">"Janelle Ayres | Blavatnik Awards for Young Scientists"</a>. <i>blavatnikawards.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-03-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=blavatnikawards.org&rft.atitle=Janelle+Ayres+%7C+Blavatnik+Awards+for+Young+Scientists&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblavatnikawards.org%2Fhonorees%2Fprofile%2Fjanelle-ayres%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanelle+Ayres" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.salk.edu/scientist/janelle-ayres/">"Janelle Ayres"</a>. <i>Salk Institute for Biological Studies</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-09-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Salk+Institute+for+Biological+Studies&rft.atitle=Janelle+Ayres&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.salk.edu%2Fscientist%2Fjanelle-ayres%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanelle+Ayres" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAyresSchneider2009" class="citation journal cs1">Ayres, Janelle S.; Schneider, David S. (July 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2701602">"The role of anorexia in resistance and tolerance to infections in Drosophila"</a>. <i>PLOS Biology</i>. <b>7</b> (7): e1000150. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1000150">10.1371/journal.pbio.1000150</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1545-7885">1545-7885</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2701602">2701602</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19597539">19597539</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+Biology&rft.atitle=The+role+of+anorexia+in+resistance+and+tolerance+to+infections+in+Drosophila&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=e1000150&rft.date=2009-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2701602%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=1545-7885&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19597539&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1000150&rft.aulast=Ayres&rft.aufirst=Janelle+S.&rft.au=Schneider%2C+David+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2701602&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanelle+Ayres" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAyresSchneider2008" class="citation journal cs1">Ayres, Janelle S.; Schneider, David S. (2008-12-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2596860">"A signaling protease required for melanization in Drosophila affects resistance and tolerance of infections"</a>. <i>PLOS Biology</i>. <b>6</b> (12): 2764–2773. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0060305">10.1371/journal.pbio.0060305</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1545-7885">1545-7885</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2596860">2596860</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19071960">19071960</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+Biology&rft.atitle=A+signaling+protease+required+for+melanization+in+Drosophila+affects+resistance+and+tolerance+of+infections&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=2764-2773&rft.date=2008-12-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2596860%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=1545-7885&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19071960&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0060305&rft.aulast=Ayres&rft.aufirst=Janelle+S.&rft.au=Schneider%2C+David+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2596860&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanelle+Ayres" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAyresTrinidadVance2012" class="citation journal cs1">Ayres, Janelle S.; Trinidad, Norver J.; Vance, Russell E. (May 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3472005">"Lethal inflammasome activation by a multidrug-resistant pathobiont upon antibiotic disruption of the microbiota"</a>. <i>Nature Medicine</i>. <b>18</b> (5): 799–806. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnm.2729">10.1038/nm.2729</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1546-170X">1546-170X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3472005">3472005</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22522562">22522562</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Medicine&rft.atitle=Lethal+inflammasome+activation+by+a+multidrug-resistant+pathobiont+upon+antibiotic+disruption+of+the+microbiota&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=799-806&rft.date=2012-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3472005%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=1546-170X&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22522562&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnm.2729&rft.aulast=Ayres&rft.aufirst=Janelle+S.&rft.au=Trinidad%2C+Norver+J.&rft.au=Vance%2C+Russell+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3472005&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanelle+Ayres" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalaferri_SchieberLeeChangLeblanc2015" class="citation journal cs1">Palaferri Schieber, Alexandria M.; Lee, Yujung Michelle; Chang, Max W.; Leblanc, Mathias; Collins, Brett; Downes, Michael; Evans, Ronald M.; Ayres, Janelle S. (2015-10-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4732872">"Disease tolerance mediated by commensal E. coli via inflammasome and IGF-1 signaling"</a>. <i>Science</i>. <b>350</b> (6260): 558–563. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.aac6468">10.1126/science.aac6468</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0036-8075">0036-8075</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4732872">4732872</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26516283">26516283</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Disease+tolerance+mediated+by+commensal+E.+coli+via+inflammasome+and+IGF-1+signaling&rft.volume=350&rft.issue=6260&rft.pages=558-563&rft.date=2015-10-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4732872%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=0036-8075&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F26516283&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.aac6468&rft.aulast=Palaferri+Schieber&rft.aufirst=Alexandria+M.&rft.au=Lee%2C+Yujung+Michelle&rft.au=Chang%2C+Max+W.&rft.au=Leblanc%2C+Mathias&rft.au=Collins%2C+Brett&rft.au=Downes%2C+Michael&rft.au=Evans%2C+Ronald+M.&rft.au=Ayres%2C+Janelle+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4732872&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanelle+Ayres" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaoSchieberO'ConnorLeblanc2017" class="citation journal cs1">Rao, Sheila; Schieber, Alexandria M. Palaferri; O'Connor, Carolyn P.; Leblanc, Mathias; Michel, Daniela; Ayres, Janelle S. (January 26, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5324724">"Pathogen-Mediated Inhibition of Anorexia Promotes Host Survival and Transmission"</a>. <i>Cell</i>. <b>168</b> (3): 503–516.e12. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cell.2017.01.006">10.1016/j.cell.2017.01.006</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1097-4172">1097-4172</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5324724">5324724</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28129542">28129542</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell&rft.atitle=Pathogen-Mediated+Inhibition+of+Anorexia+Promotes+Host+Survival+and+Transmission&rft.volume=168&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=503-516.e12&rft.date=2017-01-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5324724%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=1097-4172&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28129542&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.cell.2017.01.006&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=Sheila&rft.au=Schieber%2C+Alexandria+M.+Palaferri&rft.au=O%27Connor%2C+Carolyn+P.&rft.au=Leblanc%2C+Mathias&rft.au=Michel%2C+Daniela&rft.au=Ayres%2C+Janelle+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5324724&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanelle+Ayres" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.salk.edu/scientist/janelle-ayres/publications/">"Publications"</a>. <i>Salk Institute for Biological Studies</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-03-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Salk+Institute+for+Biological+Studies&rft.atitle=Publications&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.salk.edu%2Fscientist%2Fjanelle-ayres%2Fpublications%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanelle+Ayres" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.searlescholars.net/person/611">"Searle Scholars Program"</a>. <i>Scholar Profile Janelle S. Ayres</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scholar+Profile+Janelle+S.+Ayres&rft.atitle=Searle+Scholars+Program&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20150905095222%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.searlescholars.net%2Fperson%2F611&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanelle+Ayres" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blavatnikawards.org/honorees/profile/janelle-ayres/">"Janelle Ayres | Blavatnik Awards for Young Scientists"</a>. <i>blavatnikawards.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-09-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=blavatnikawards.org&rft.atitle=Janelle+Ayres+%7C+Blavatnik+Awards+for+Young+Scientists&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblavatnikawards.org%2Fhonorees%2Fprofile%2Fjanelle-ayres%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanelle+Ayres" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janelle_Ayres&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.salk.edu/news-release/superhero-microbiome-bacteria-protect-against-deadly-symptoms-during-infection/">'Superhero' microbiome bacteria protect against deadly symptoms during infection</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-12/si-jaa121218.php">Janelle Ayres awarded $1.8 million by NOMIS Foundation for research on mechanisms to promote health</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/business/biotech/sd-me-cancer-salk-sanford-20181013-story.html">Salk Institute’s Janelle Ayres gets $3.5 million NIH grant</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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