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height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R92623%2C_Brest-Litowsk%2C_Waffenstillstandsabkommen.jpg/390px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R92623%2C_Brest-Litowsk%2C_Waffenstillstandsabkommen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R92623%2C_Brest-Litowsk%2C_Waffenstillstandsabkommen.jpg/520px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R92623%2C_Brest-Litowsk%2C_Waffenstillstandsabkommen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="798" data-file-height="539" /></a><figcaption>Ondertekening van de wapenstilstand op 15 december 1917</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Map_Treaty_of_Brest-Litovsk-en.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Map_Treaty_of_Brest-Litovsk-en.jpg/260px-Map_Treaty_of_Brest-Litovsk-en.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="404" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Map_Treaty_of_Brest-Litovsk-en.jpg/390px-Map_Treaty_of_Brest-Litovsk-en.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Map_Treaty_of_Brest-Litovsk-en.jpg/520px-Map_Treaty_of_Brest-Litovsk-en.jpg 2x" data-file-width="589" data-file-height="916" /></a><figcaption>In roze het bezette gebied tussen december 1917 en maart 1918</figcaption></figure> <p>De <b>wapenstilstand van 15 december 1917</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was een overeenkomst, getekend door de <a href="/wiki/Russische_Socialistische_Federatieve_Sovjetrepubliek" title="Russische Socialistische Federatieve Sovjetrepubliek">Russische Socialistische Federatieve Sovjetrepubliek</a> enerzijds en de landen van de <a href="/wiki/Centrale_mogendheden" title="Centrale mogendheden">centrale mogendheden</a> anderzijds, die een einde maakte aan de vijandelijkheden tussen beide op het <a href="/wiki/Oostfront_(Eerste_Wereldoorlog)" title="Oostfront (Eerste Wereldoorlog)">Oostfront</a> in de <a href="/wiki/Eerste_Wereldoorlog" title="Eerste Wereldoorlog">Eerste Wereldoorlog</a>. Het <a href="/wiki/Wapenstilstand" title="Wapenstilstand">staakt-het-vuren</a> ging effectief in op 17 december 1917. </p><p>Na de wapenstilstand begonnen de vredesonderhandelingen. De centrale mogendheden eisten dat Polen, <a href="/wiki/Litouwen" title="Litouwen">Litouwen</a> en het westen van <a href="/wiki/Letland" title="Letland">Letland</a> in handen van <a href="/wiki/Duitsland" title="Duitsland">Duitsland</a> zou komen. Deze gebieden waren reeds in Duitse handen. Deze harde eisen werden afgewezen en de leiders van de Sovjetrepubliek volgden een koers van <i>Geen oorlog, noch vrede</i> door de wapenstilstand stilzwijgend te verlengen. </p><p>De centrale mogendheden vonden dit onacceptabel en begonnen in februari 1918 <a href="/wiki/Operatie_Faustschlag" title="Operatie Faustschlag">Operatie Faustschlag</a> (vuistslag). Het Russische leger bood nauwelijks weerstand en de troepen rukten op tot 100 kilometer voor <a href="/wiki/Sint-Petersburg" title="Sint-Petersburg">Sint-Petersburg</a> in het noorden en nog veel verder op in het zuiden van de Sovjetrepubliek tot aan <a href="/wiki/Rostov_aan_de_Don" title="Rostov aan de Don">Rostov aan de Don</a>. Het merendeel van de bolsjewistische leiders wilde de oorlog voortzetten, maar dit was compleet onmogelijk omdat het leger niet in staat was tot vechten. De onderhandelingen werden herstart. Na de recente overwinningen hadden de Duitsers de voorwaarden aangescherpt, ze wilden geen bemoeienis meer van de Sovjetrepubliek in de <a href="/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne">Oekraïne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wit-Rusland" title="Wit-Rusland">Wit-Rusland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Baltische_Staten" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltische Staten">Baltische Staten</a>. <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Lenin</a> was een voorstander van een snelle vrede en dreigde zelfs met zijn aftreden. Uiteindelijk werd hij gesteund door, onder andere, <a href="/wiki/Kamenev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamenev">Kamenev</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grigori_Zinovjev" title="Grigori Zinovjev">Zinovjev</a> en <a href="/wiki/Stalin" class="mw-redirect" title="Stalin">Stalin</a>. </p><p>De wapenstilstand mondde op 3 maart 1918 uit in het <a href="/wiki/Vrede_van_Brest-Litovsk" title="Vrede van Brest-Litovsk">vredesverdrag van Brest-Litovsk</a> tussen dezelfde partijen. Deze door de Sovjets apart afgesloten overeenkomst betekende een breuk met de andere leden van de <a href="/wiki/Triple_Entente" title="Triple Entente">Triple Entente</a> en <a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a> de terugtrekking van Rusland uit de <a href="/wiki/Eerste_Wereldoorlog" title="Eerste Wereldoorlog">Eerste Wereldoorlog</a>. </p> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">2 december 1917 <a href="/wiki/Oude_Stijl_en_Nieuwe_Stijl" title="Oude Stijl en Nieuwe Stijl">Oude Stijl</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wapenstilstand_van_15_december_1917&oldid=61988673">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wapenstilstand_van_15_december_1917&oldid=61988673</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorieën</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Eerste_Wereldoorlog_in_Rusland" title="Categorie:Eerste Wereldoorlog in Rusland">Eerste Wereldoorlog in Rusland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Wapenstilstand" title="Categorie:Wapenstilstand">Wapenstilstand</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Verdrag_in_de_20e_eeuw" title="Categorie:Verdrag in de 20e eeuw">Verdrag in de 20e eeuw</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:1917" title="Categorie:1917">1917</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 8 mei 2022 om 17:08.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a>, er kunnen aanvullende voorwaarden van toepassing zijn. 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