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Europa de Nord - Wikipedia

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.ambox-delete,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{background-color:#202122!important}}</style> <table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox ambox-content ambox-content" style=""> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-text" style=""><span class="mbox-text-span"><b>Acest articol sau această secțiune are <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citarea_surselor?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citarea surselor">bibliografia</a> incompletă sau inexistentă.</b><br> Puteți contribui prin adăugarea de referințe în vederea <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Verificabilitate?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Verificabilitate">susținerii bibliografice</a> a afirmațiilor pe care le conține.<span class="hide-when-compact"> </span><span class="hide-when-compact"> </span></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table border="1" align="right" id="toc" style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 6px; margin-bottom: 10px; width: 265px; padding:0;" cellpadding="6" cellspacing="0"> <caption> <span style="font-size: 135%; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 5px;">Europa de Nord</span> </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" style="background-color:#DADADA; font-size:110%;"><b>Hartă</b></th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Northern-Europe-map.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Europa de Nord"><img alt="Europa de Nord" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Northern-Europe-map.svg/250px-Northern-Europe-map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Northern-Europe-map.svg/375px-Northern-Europe-map.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Northern-Europe-map.svg/500px-Northern-Europe-map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="520"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" style="background-color:#DADADA; font-size:110%;"><b>Structură</b></th> </tr> <tr> <td><b>Subregiuni</b></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Scandinavia?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavia</a>,<br><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Statele_baltice?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Statele baltice">Statele baltice</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" style="background-color:#DADADA; font-size: 110%"><b>Demografice</b></th> </tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Suprafa%C8%9B%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Suprafață">Suprafață</a></b></td> <td>1.496.150 km²</td> </tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Popula%C8%9Bie?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Populație">Populație</a></b></td> <td>32.511.031 (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2011?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2011">2011</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Densitatea_popula%C8%9Biei?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Densitatea populației">Densitate</a></b></td> <td>21,7/km²</td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>Speranță de viață</b></td> <td>77,48</td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>Orașe principale</b></td> <td>{{{Orașe principale}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>Limbi principale</b></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_suedez%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba suedeză">Suedeză</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_danez%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba daneză">Daneză</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_finlandez%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba finlandeză">Finlandeză</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_norvegian%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba norvegiană">Norvegiană</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_lituanian%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba lituaniană">Lituaniană</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_leton%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba letonă">Letonă</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_eston%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba estonă">Estonă</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_islandez%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba islandeză">Islandeză</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" style="background-color:#DADADA; font-size: 110%"><b>Economie</b></th> </tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produs_intern_brut?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Produs intern brut">PIB</a> total</b></td> <td>$811,2 miliarde</td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>PIB pe cap de locuitor</b></td> <td>$25.500</td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>Rată de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C8%98omaj?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Șomaj">șomaj</a></b></td> <td>6,83%</td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" style="background-color:#DADADA; font-size: 110%"><b>Comunicații</b></th> </tr> <tr> <th><b>Total telephone subscribers</b></th> <td>44.425.000</td> </tr> <tr> <th><b>Total telephone penetration (%)</b></th> <td>139,77%</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><br><b>Europa de Nord</b> este o regiune în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Europa?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Europa">Europa</a> care include următoarele țări:</p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Kalf%C3%A1rvellir-Sn%C3%A6fellsnes-Iceland-20030528.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Kalf%C3%A1rvellir-Sn%C3%A6fellsnes-Iceland-20030528.jpg/300px-Kalf%C3%A1rvellir-Sn%C3%A6fellsnes-Iceland-20030528.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Kalf%25C3%25A1rvellir-Sn%25C3%25A6fellsnes-Iceland-20030528.jpg/450px-Kalf%25C3%25A1rvellir-Sn%25C3%25A6fellsnes-Iceland-20030528.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Kalf%25C3%25A1rvellir-Sn%25C3%25A6fellsnes-Iceland-20030528.jpg/600px-Kalf%25C3%25A1rvellir-Sn%25C3%25A6fellsnes-Iceland-20030528.jpg 2x" data-file-width="622" data-file-height="440"></a> <figcaption> Peisaj din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Islanda?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Islanda">Islanda</a> </figcaption> </figure> <ul> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Danemarca?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Danemarca">Danemarca</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Finlanda?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Finlanda">Finlanda</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Islanda?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Islanda">Islanda</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Norvegia?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Norvegia">Norvegia</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Suedia?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Suedia">Suedia</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Estonia?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Letonia?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Letonia">Letonia</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lituania?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lituania">Lituania</a></li> </ul> <p><br></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Specificul_geografic">Specificul geografic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Europa_de_Nord&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Specificul geografic" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Kebnekaise_view_from_Tuolpagorni.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Kebnekaise_view_from_Tuolpagorni.jpg/300px-Kebnekaise_view_from_Tuolpagorni.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="197" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1050"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 300px;height: 197px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Kebnekaise_view_from_Tuolpagorni.jpg/300px-Kebnekaise_view_from_Tuolpagorni.jpg" data-width="300" data-height="197" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Kebnekaise_view_from_Tuolpagorni.jpg/450px-Kebnekaise_view_from_Tuolpagorni.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Kebnekaise_view_from_Tuolpagorni.jpg/600px-Kebnekaise_view_from_Tuolpagorni.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">&nbsp;</span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mun%C8%9Bii_Scandinaviei?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Munții Scandinaviei">Munții Scandinaviei</a> </figcaption> </figure> <p><b>Relieful</b>. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peninsula_Scandinav%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Peninsula Scandinavă">Peninsula Scandinavă</a> este străbătută de Munții Scandinaviei care culminează la aproape 2500 m. și de o serie de platouri și câmpii erodate de ghețari. Țărmurile acestei zone sunt foarte crestate, în special în nord și vest, și sunt însoțite de numeroase insule. Cele mai mari insule se află ,însă, în afara acestei zone: <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Islanda?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Islanda">Islanda</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Groenlanda?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Groenlanda">Groenlanda</a>.În peisajul Europei Nordice se impun fiordurile, lacurile glaciare și în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Islanda?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Islanda">Islanda</a> ghețarii.</p> <p><b>Clima</b> acestei regiuni este temperată în est, ușor moderată de curentul cald Gulf Stream (Curentul Atlanticului de Nord) și rece în nord. Precipitațiile sunt bogate în cea mai mare parte a Europei de Nord.</p> <p><b>Rețeaua hidrografică</b> este foarte bogată fiind formată dintr-o rețea de râuri scurte, cu un ridicat potențial energetic și din numeroase lacuri (cea mai mare concentrare din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Europa?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Europa">Europa</a>). Râurile formează cascade datorită văilor glaciare aici aflându-se cele mai mari căderi de apă din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Europa?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Europa">Europa</a>.</p> <p><b>Vegetația</b>. Elementul caracteristic al acesteia îl constituie pădurea (îndeosebi de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Conifere?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Conifere">conifere</a>) cu excepția <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Islanda?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Islanda">Islandei</a> în care pădurile sunt aproape absente.</p> <p><b>Populația și așezările omenești</b>. Europa Nordică este cea mai puțin populată regiune a <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Europa?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Europa">Europei</a>; deși ocupă o întindere considerabilă, concentrează o populație redusă. În toate țările din această regiune ponderea populației urbane este peste media continentului depășind în unele locuri 85% din totalul populației (în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Islanda?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Islanda">Islanda</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Danemarca?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Danemarca">Danemarca</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Suedia?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Suedia">Suedia</a>).</p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Mittsommernacht-in-helsinki.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Mittsommernacht-in-helsinki.jpg/300px-Mittsommernacht-in-helsinki.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 300px;height: 225px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Mittsommernacht-in-helsinki.jpg/300px-Mittsommernacht-in-helsinki.jpg" data-width="300" data-height="225" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Mittsommernacht-in-helsinki.jpg/450px-Mittsommernacht-in-helsinki.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Mittsommernacht-in-helsinki.jpg/600px-Mittsommernacht-in-helsinki.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">&nbsp;</span></a> <figcaption> Orașul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Helsinki?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a> </figcaption> </figure> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Resurse_naturale_și_industria"><span id="Resurse_naturale_.C8.99i_industria"></span>Resurse naturale și industria</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Europa_de_Nord&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Resurse naturale și industria" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Europa Nordică dispune de unele zăcăminte de subsol, îndeosebi în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peninsula_Scandinav%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Peninsula Scandinavă">Peninsula Scandinavă</a>: <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Petrol?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Petrol">petrol</a> și gaze naturale (în principal în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Norvegia?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Norvegia">Norvegia</a>), minereu de fier (în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Suedia?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Suedia">Suedia</a>), minereuri neferoase (crom, nichel, cobalt ș.a.) în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Finlanda?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Finlanda">Finlanda</a>. Dintre resursele de suprafață se remarcă pădurile de conifere, pășunile, potențialul hidroenergetic și spre deosebire în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Islanda?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Islanda">Islanda</a> gheizerele și izvoarele termale.</p> <p><b>Industria</b> este în ansamblu bine dezvoltată. Toate țările din regiune au o producție însemnată de energie electrică, iar Norvegia se remarcă în domeniul exploatării și prelucrării hidrocarburilor. În această zonă predomină creșterea animalelor pentru carne (bovine, porcine), lapte (bovine, ovine) ori pentru pielicele (vizoni, lupi, etc.). În unele țări (Republicile Baltice, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Suedia?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Suedia">Suedia</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Finlanda?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Finlanda">Finlanda</a>) se cultivă plante caracteristice regiunilor reci: cereale (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orz?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Orz">orz</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ov%C4%83z?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ovăz">ovăz</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Secar%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Secară">secară</a>), <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cartof?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cartof">cartofi</a>, sfeclă de zahăr.</p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Geysir03.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Geysir03.jpg/200px-Geysir03.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1728" data-file-height="2304"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 267px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Geysir03.jpg/200px-Geysir03.jpg" data-width="200" data-height="267" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Geysir03.jpg/300px-Geysir03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Geysir03.jpg/400px-Geysir03.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">&nbsp;</span></a> <figcaption> Gheizer în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Islanda?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Islanda">Islanda</a> </figcaption> </figure> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Transporturile_și_turismul"><span id="Transporturile_.C8.99i_turismul"></span>Transporturile și turismul</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Europa_de_Nord&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Transporturile și turismul" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>Deși există toate tipurile de transporturi, cele mai dezvoltate sunt cele maritime urmate de cele rutiere. Islanda este una dintre puținele țări europene care este lipsită de căi ferate. Unele aeroporturi precum cele din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Copenhaga?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Copenhaga">Copenhaga</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Reykjavik?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Reykjavik">Reykjavik</a>, sunt importante pentru rutele transarctice.</p> <p>Deși în ansamblu Europa Nordică este mai puțin vizitată decat alte regiuni ale continentului, dispune de o serie de atracții turistice: monumente istorice, arhitectonice și de artă, stațiuni de sporturi de iarnă și balneoclimaterice.</p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Koenigliches_Schloss_Oslo.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Koenigliches_Schloss_Oslo.jpg/300px-Koenigliches_Schloss_Oslo.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 300px;height: 225px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Koenigliches_Schloss_Oslo.jpg/300px-Koenigliches_Schloss_Oslo.jpg" data-width="300" data-height="225" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Koenigliches_Schloss_Oslo.jpg/450px-Koenigliches_Schloss_Oslo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Koenigliches_Schloss_Oslo.jpg/600px-Koenigliches_Schloss_Oslo.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">&nbsp;</span></a> <figcaption> Palatul Regal din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oslo?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Oslo">Oslo</a> </figcaption> </figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16786155"><!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐b6695dfff‐r5j47 Cached time: 20250212203149 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.243 seconds Real time usage: 0.643 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1344/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 37850/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2776/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 9/100 Expensive parser function count: 6/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 16335/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.112/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1518470/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 438.204 1 -total 85.83% 376.092 3 Format:Casetă_de_navigare_simplă 68.93% 302.036 1 Format:Regiunile_Terrei 18.64% 81.684 2 Format:Subgrup_casetă_de_navigare 17.43% 76.362 1 Format:Referințe 16.76% 73.463 1 Format:Meta-casetăma 12.64% 55.391 1 Format:Control_de_autoritate 8.17% 35.811 1 Format:Category_handler 7.76% 34.022 1 Format:Meta-casetă/core 0.94% 4.098 1 Format:Regiunile_Europei --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key rowiki:pcache:9687:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20250212203149 and revision id 16178898. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </section> </div><!-- MobileFormatter took 0.005 seconds --><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=mobile&amp;type=1x1&amp;usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Adus de la <a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DEuropa_de_Nord%26oldid%3D16178898">https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Europa_de_Nord&amp;oldid=16178898</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Europa_de_Nord&amp;action=history&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Paloi Sciurala" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1711060483"> <span>Ultima modificare pe 22 martie 2024, la 00:34</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Limbi</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%25C3%25ABrupa_Utara" title="Iërupa Utara – aceh" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Iërupa Utara" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="aceh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noord-Europa" title="Noord-Europa – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Noord-Europa" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2588%25B5%25E1%2588%259C%25E1%258A%2593%25E1%258B%258A_%25E1%258A%25A0%25E1%258B%258D%25E1%2588%25AE%25E1%258D%2593" title="ስሜናዊ አውሮፓ – amharică" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ስሜናዊ አውሮፓ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A3%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D9%2588%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B4%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9" title="أوروبا الشمالية – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أوروبا الشمالية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_del_Norte" title="Europa del Norte – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Europa del Norte" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lentefa_Europa" title="Lentefa Europa – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Lentefa Europa" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%259Eimali_Avropa" title="Şimali Avropa – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şimali Avropa" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2582%25D9%2588%25D8%25B2%25D8%25A6%25DB%258C_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D9%2588%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7" title="قوزئی اوروپا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قوزئی اوروپا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D0%25B0%25D1%259E%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D1%2587%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F_%25D0%2595%25D1%259E%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0" title="Паўночная Еўропа – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Паўночная Еўропа" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D0%25B0%25D1%259E%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D1%2587%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F_%25D0%25AD%25D1%259E%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0" title="Паўночная Эўропа – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Паўночная Эўропа" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0_%25D0%2595%25D0%25B2%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0" title="Северна Европа – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Северна Европа" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%2589%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A6%25B0_%25E0%25A6%2587%25E0%25A6%2589%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A7%258B%25E0%25A6%25AA" title="উত্তর ইউরোপ – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উত্তর ইউরোপ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_an_Norzh" title="Europa an Norzh – bretonă" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Europa an Norzh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjeverna_Evropa" title="Sjeverna Evropa – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sjeverna Evropa" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_del_Nord" title="Europa del Nord – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Europa del Nord" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D1%258A%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0_%25D0%2595%25D0%25B2%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0" title="Къилбаседа Европа – cecenă" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Къилбаседа Европа" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="cecenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A6%25DB%2595%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D9%2588%25D9%2588%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C_%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25DA%25A9%25D9%2588%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1" title="ئەورووپای باکوور – kurdă centrală" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەورووپای باکوور" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdă centrală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severn%25C3%25AD_Evropa" title="Severní Evropa – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Severní Evropa" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D1%25A3%25D0%25B2%25D1%2594%25D1%2580%25D1%258C%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0_%25D0%2584%25D1%25B5%25D1%2580%25D1%25A1%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0" title="Сѣвєрьна Єѵрѡпа – slavonă" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Сѣвєрьна Єѵрѡпа" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="slavonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2587%25D1%2583%25D1%2580%25C3%25A7%25C4%2595%25D1%2580_%25D0%2595%25D0%25B2%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0" title="Çурçĕр Европа – ciuvașă" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Çурçĕр Европа" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gogledd_Ewrop" title="Gogledd Ewrop – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gogledd Ewrop" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordeuropa" title="Nordeuropa – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nordeuropa" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordeuropa" title="Nordeuropa – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nordeuropa" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ewropay_Z%25C4%25B1mey" title="Ewropay Zımey – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Ewropay Zımey" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%2592%25CF%258C%25CF%2581%25CE%25B5%25CE%25B9%25CE%25B1_%25CE%2595%25CF%2585%25CF%2581%25CF%258E%25CF%2580%25CE%25B7" title="Βόρεια Ευρώπη – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βόρεια Ευρώπη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Europe" title="Northern Europe – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Northern Europe" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norda_E%25C5%25ADropo" title="Norda Eŭropo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Norda Eŭropo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_Septentrional" title="Europa Septentrional – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Europa Septentrional" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%25C3%25B5hja-Euroopa" title="Põhja-Euroopa – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Põhja-Euroopa" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ipar_Europa" title="Ipar Europa – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ipar Europa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B4%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584_%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25D9%2588%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7" title="شمال اروپا – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شمال اروپا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohjois-Eurooppa" title="Pohjois-Eurooppa – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pohjois-Eurooppa" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe_du_Nord" title="Europe du Nord – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Europe du Nord" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eropa_de_Bise" title="Eropa de Bise – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Eropa de Bise" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuurdeuroopa" title="Nuurdeuroopa – frizonă nordică" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Nuurdeuroopa" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frizonă nordică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noard-Jeropa" title="Noard-Jeropa – frizonă occidentală" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Noard-Jeropa" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frizonă occidentală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poyraz_Evropa" title="Poyraz Evropa – găgăuză" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Poyraz Evropa" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="găgăuză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_do_norte" title="Europa do norte – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Europa do norte" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Oarpey_Hwoaie" title="Yn Oarpey Hwoaie – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Oarpey Hwoaie" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A6%25D7%25A4%25D7%2595%25D7%259F_%25D7%2590%25D7%2599%25D7%25A8%25D7%2595%25D7%25A4%25D7%2594" title="צפון אירופה – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צפון אירופה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2589%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%2580_%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A5%2582%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25AA" title="उत्तरी यूरोप – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="उत्तरी यूरोप" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjeverna_Europa" title="Sjeverna Europa – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sjeverna Europa" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589szak-Eur%25C3%25B3pa" title="Észak-Európa – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Észak-Európa" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%2580%25D5%25B5%25D5%25B8%25D6%2582%25D5%25BD%25D5%25AB%25D5%25BD%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B5%25D5%25AB%25D5%25B6_%25D4%25B5%25D5%25BE%25D6%2580%25D5%25B8%25D5%25BA%25D5%25A1" title="Հյուսիսային Եվրոպա – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հյուսիսային Եվրոպա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eropa_Utara" title="Eropa Utara – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Eropa Utara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akin-amianan_nga_Europa" title="Akin-amianan nga Europa – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Akin-amianan nga Europa" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D3%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B1%25D1%2583%25D1%2585%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0_%25D0%2595%25D0%25B2%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0" title="ГӀинбухера Европа – ingușă" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="ГӀинбухера Европа" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingușă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordal_Europa" title="Nordal Europa – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Nordal Europa" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nor%25C3%25B0ur-Evr%25C3%25B3pa" title="Norður-Evrópa – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Norður-Evrópa" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_settentrionale" title="Europa settentrionale – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Europa settentrionale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%258C%2597%25E3%2583%25A8%25E3%2583%25BC%25E3%2583%25AD%25E3%2583%2583%25E3%2583%2591" title="北ヨーロッパ – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="北ヨーロッパ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/beryrontu%2527a" title="beryrontu'a – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="beryrontu'a" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589ropa_Lor" title="Éropa Lor – javaneză" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Éropa Lor" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%25A9%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2593%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2597%25E1%2583%2598_%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2595%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%259E%25E1%2583%2590" title="ჩრდილოეთი ევროპა – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჩრდილოეთი ევროპა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arqa_Evropa" title="Arqa Evropa – karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Arqa Evropa" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turuft_Ugafa" title="Turuft Ugafa – kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Turuft Ugafa" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D1%2582%25D2%25AF%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D1%2596%25D0%25BA_%25D0%2595%25D1%2583%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0" title="Солтүстік Еуропа – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Солтүстік Еуропа" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%2589%25E0%25B2%25A4%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25A4%25E0%25B2%25B0_%25E0%25B2%25AF%25E0%25B3%2581%25E0%25B2%25B0%25E0%25B3%258B%25E0%25B2%25AA%25E0%25B3%258D" title="ಉತ್ತರ ಯುರೋಪ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಉತ್ತರ ಯುರೋಪ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EB%25B6%2581%25EC%259C%25A0%25EB%259F%25BD" title="북유럽 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="북유럽" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259E%25D0%25B9%25D0%25B2%25D1%258B%25D0%25B2_%25D0%2595%25D0%25B2%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0" title="Ойвыв Европа – komi-permiak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Ойвыв Европа" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="komi-permiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_Septentrionalis" title="Europa Septentrionalis – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Europa Septentrionalis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_norde" title="Europa norde – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Europa norde" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naord-Europa" title="Naord-Europa – limburgheză" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Naord-Europa" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25A0iaur%25C4%2597s_Europa" title="Šiaurės Europa – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šiaurės Europa" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%25C4%25ABme%25C4%25BCeiropa" title="Zīmeļeiropa – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Zīmeļeiropa" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zieme%25C4%25BCeiropa" title="Ziemeļeiropa – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ziemeļeiropa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eor%25C3%25B4pa_Avaratra" title="Eorôpa Avaratra – malgașă" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Eorôpa Avaratra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0_%25D0%2595%25D0%25B2%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0" title="Северна Европа – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Северна Европа" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2589%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25B0_%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A5%2581%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25AA" title="उत्तर युरोप – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="उत्तर युरोप" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eropah_Utara" title="Eropah Utara – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Eropah Utara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noord-Europa" title="Noord-Europa – saxona de jos" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Noord-Europa" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="saxona de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noord-Europa" title="Noord-Europa – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Noord-Europa" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord-Europa" title="Nord-Europa – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Nord-Europa" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord-Europa" title="Nord-Europa – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nord-Europa" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A6%25C3%25A6%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582_%25D0%2595%25D0%25B2%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25C3%25A6" title="Цæгат Европæ – osetă" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Цæгат Европæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%2589%25E0%25A9%25B1%25E0%25A8%25A4%25E0%25A8%25B0%25E0%25A9%2580_%25E0%25A8%25AF%25E0%25A9%2582%25E0%25A8%25B0%25E0%25A8%25AA" title="ਉੱਤਰੀ ਯੂਰਪ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਉੱਤਰੀ ਯੂਰਪ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_P%25C3%25B3%25C5%2582nocna" title="Europa Północna – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Europa Północna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B4%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25DB%258C_%25DB%258C%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D9%25BE" title="شمالی یورپ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شمالی یورپ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B4%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%258A_%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25D9%2588%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7" title="شمالي اروپا – paștună" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="شمالي اروپا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paștună" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_Setentrional" title="Europa Setentrional – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Europa Setentrional" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F_%25D0%2595%25D0%25B2%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0" title="Северная Европа – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Северная Европа" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_setentrionale" title="Europa setentrionale – sardiniană" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Europa setentrionale" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardiniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northren_Europe" title="Northren Europe – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Northren Europe" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjeverna_Evropa" title="Sjeverna Evropa – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sjeverna Evropa" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Europe" title="Northern Europe – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Northern Europe" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severn%25C3%25A1_Eur%25C3%25B3pa" title="Severná Európa – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Severná Európa" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severna_Evropa" title="Severna Evropa – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Severna Evropa" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evropa_Veriore" title="Evropa Veriore – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Evropa Veriore" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0_%25D0%2595%25D0%25B2%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0" title="Северна Европа – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Северна Европа" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordeuropa" title="Nordeuropa – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nordeuropa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulaya_ya_Kaskazini" title="Ulaya ya Kaskazini – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ulaya ya Kaskazini" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%25B5%25E0%25AE%259F%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AF%2581_%25E0%25AE%2590%25E0%25AE%25B0%25E0%25AF%258B%25E0%25AE%25AA%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%25AA%25E0%25AE%25BE" title="வடக்கு ஐரோப்பா – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வடக்கு ஐரோப்பா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25A2%25E0%25B8%25B8%25E0%25B9%2582%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%259B%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%25AB%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%25B7%25E0%25B8%25AD" title="ยุโรปเหนือ – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ยุโรปเหนือ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demirgazyk_%25C3%259Dewropa" title="Demirgazyk Ýewropa – turkmenă" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Demirgazyk Ýewropa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kob%25C9%2599son%25C9%2599_Avrop%25C9%2599" title="Kobəsonə Avropə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Kobəsonə Avropə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuzey_Avrupa" title="Kuzey Avrupa – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kuzey Avrupa" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D3%25A9%25D0%25BD%25D1%258C%25D1%258F%25D0%25BA_%25D0%2590%25D1%2583%25D1%2580%25D1%2583%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0" title="Төньяк Аурупа – tătară" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Төньяк Аурупа" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tătară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D1%2596%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BD%25D1%2596%25D1%2587%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0_%25D0%2584%25D0%25B2%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0" title="Північна Європа – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Північна Європа" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B4%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25DB%258C_%25DB%258C%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D9%25BE" title="شمالی یورپ – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شمالی یورپ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shimoliy_Yevropa" title="Shimoliy Yevropa – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Shimoliy Yevropa" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eoropa_setentriona%25C5%2582e" title="Eoropa setentrionałe – venetă" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Eoropa setentrionałe" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%25E1%25BA%25AFc_%25C3%2582u" title="Bắc Âu – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bắc Âu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%25C3%25B4ord-Europa" title="Nôord-Europa – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Nôord-Europa" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urope_bijhrece" title="Urope bijhrece – valonă" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Urope bijhrece" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amihanan_nga_Europa" title="Amihanan nga Europa – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Amihanan nga Europa" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%25C3%25ABj-g%25C3%25A0nnaaru_Tugal" title="Bëj-gànnaaru Tugal – wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Bëj-gànnaaru Tugal" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%258C%2597%25E6%25AC%25A7" title="北欧 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="北欧" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%25A3%25E1%2583%2594_%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2595%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%259E%25E1%2583%2590" title="ოორუე ევროპა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ოორუე ევროპა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A6%25D7%25A4%25D7%2595%25D7%259F-%25D7%2590%25D7%2599%25D7%2599%25D7%25A8%25D7%2590%25D7%25A4%25D7%25A2" title="צפון-אייראפע – idiș" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="צפון-אייראפע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="idiș" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ap%25C3%25A1%25C3%25A0r%25C3%25ADw%25C3%25A1_Europe" title="Apáàríwá Europe – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Apáàríwá Europe" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/No%25C3%25B4rd-Europa" title="Noôrd-Europa – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Noôrd-Europa" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%258C%2597%25E6%25AD%2590" title="北歐 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="北歐" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%258C%2597%25E6%25AD%2590" title="北歐 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="北歐" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pak_Au-chiu" title="Pak Au-chiu – chineză min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pak Au-chiu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="chineză min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%258C%2597%25E6%25AD%2590" title="北歐 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="北歐" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">Ultima editare a paginii a fost efectuată la 22 martie 2024, ora 00:34.</li> <li 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