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Available in 23 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesosaurus" title="Mesosaurus – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Mesosaurus" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1" title="ميسوصور – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ميسوصور" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesosaure" title="Mesosaure – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mesosaure" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesosaurus" title="Mesosaurus – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mesosaurus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesosaurus" title="Mesosaurus – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mesosaurus" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesosaurus" title="Mesosaurus – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mesosaurus" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesosaurus" title="Mesosaurus – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mesosaurus" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="مسوسورس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مسوسورس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesosaurus" title="Mesosaurus – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mesosaurus" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A9%94%EC%86%8C%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%B0%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" title="메소사우루스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="메소사우루스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezosaur" title="Mezosaur – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mezosaur" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesosaurus" title="Mesosaurus – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mesosaurus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesosaurus" title="Mesosaurus – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mesosaurus" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%96%D7%95%D7%96%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1" title="מזוזאורוס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מזוזאורוס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%9D%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="მეზოზავრები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მეზოზავრები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="മേസോസോറസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മേസോസോറസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesosaurus" title="Mesosaurus – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mesosaurus" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%82%BD%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A6%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B9" title="メソサウルス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="メソサウルス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezozaur" title="Mezozaur – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mezozaur" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesosaurus" title="Mesosaurus – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mesosaurus" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80" title="Мезозавр – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мезозавр" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesosaurus" title="Mesosaurus – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mesosaurus" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%BE%8D%E5%B1%AC" title="中龍屬 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="中龍屬" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q132822#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Change links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><i>Mesosaurus</i><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">Temporal range: <a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">Permian</a> 299 to 280 million years ago</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mesosaurus_tenuidens_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Mesosaurus_tenuidens_1.jpg/250px-Mesosaurus_tenuidens_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Mesosaurus_tenuidens_1.jpg/375px-Mesosaurus_tenuidens_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Mesosaurus_tenuidens_1.jpg/500px-Mesosaurus_tenuidens_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2490" data-file-height="1519" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%"><i>Mesosaurus tenuidens</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="kingdom"><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="class"><a href="/wiki/Sauropsida" class="mw-redirect" title="Sauropsida">Sauropsida</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="order">†Mesosauria</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="family">†Mesosauridae</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mesosaurus_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Mesosaurus_BW.jpg/220px-Mesosaurus_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Mesosaurus_BW.jpg/330px-Mesosaurus_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Mesosaurus_BW.jpg/440px-Mesosaurus_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="603" /></a><figcaption>Life restoration of <i>Mesosaurus</i>.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Snider-Pellegrini_Wegener_fossil_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Snider-Pellegrini_Wegener_fossil_map.svg/230px-Snider-Pellegrini_Wegener_fossil_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="230" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Snider-Pellegrini_Wegener_fossil_map.svg/345px-Snider-Pellegrini_Wegener_fossil_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Snider-Pellegrini_Wegener_fossil_map.svg/460px-Snider-Pellegrini_Wegener_fossil_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="580" data-file-height="446" /></a><figcaption>Location of <i>Mesosaurus</i> remains shown in blue.</figcaption></figure> <p><i><b>Mesosaurus</b></i> is an extinct <a href="/wiki/Ocean" title="Ocean">marine</a> <a href="/wiki/Reptile" title="Reptile">reptile</a> from the early <a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">Permian</a> of southern <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a>. It was one of the first known <a href="/wiki/Marine_biology" title="Marine biology">marine</a> reptiles, and had many <a href="/wiki/Adaptations" class="mw-redirect" title="Adaptations">adaptations</a> to a fully <a href="/wiki/Aquatic" title="Aquatic">aquatic</a> <a href="/wiki/Lifestyle" title="Lifestyle">lifestyle</a>. </p><p>It is sometimes considered an <a href="/wiki/Anapsid" title="Anapsid">anapsid</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but there is some disagreement about that.<sup id="cite_ref-GP08_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GP08-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-vH1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vH1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is described by Benton as a 'parareptile', that is, a <a href="/wiki/Sauropsid" title="Sauropsid">sauropsid</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MJB_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MJB-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Palaeobiology">Palaeobiology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesosaurus&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Palaeobiology" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesosaurus&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Palaeobiology"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Mesosaurus</i> was one of the first reptiles to return to the <a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">water</a> after early <a href="/wiki/Tetrapod" title="Tetrapod">tetrapods</a> came to land in the later <a href="/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">Devonian</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ML10_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ML10-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was around 1 metre (3.3 ft) in length, with webbed feet, a streamlined body, and a long tail that may have supported a fin. It probably propelled itself through the water with its long hind legs and flexible tail. Its body was also flexible and could easily move sideways, but it had heavily thickened <a href="/wiki/Rib" title="Rib">ribs</a>, which would have prevented it from twisting its body.<sup id="cite_ref-EoDP_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoDP-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Specimens show it was <a href="/wiki/Viviparous" class="mw-redirect" title="Viviparous">viviparous</a>, bearing live young.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Mesosaurus</i> had a small <a href="/wiki/Skull" title="Skull">skull</a> with long <a href="/wiki/Jaw" title="Jaw">jaws</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Nostril" title="Nostril">nostrils</a> were located at the top, allowing the creature to breathe with only the upper side of its head breaking the surface. Its teeth were suitable for catching small <a href="/wiki/Nekton" class="mw-redirect" title="Nekton">nektonic</a> prey such as crustaceans.<sup id="cite_ref-MSP06_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MSP06-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution">Distribution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesosaurus&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Distribution" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesosaurus&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Distribution"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Mesosaurus</i> was significant in providing evidence for the <a href="/wiki/Theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Theory">theory</a> of <a href="/wiki/Continental_drift" title="Continental drift">continental drift</a>, because its remains were found in southern Africa and eastern South America, two far away places.<sup id="cite_ref-GP08_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GP08-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As <i>Mesosaurus</i> was a <a href="/wiki/Coast" title="Coast">coastal</a> animal, and therefore could not have crossed the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a>, this distribution indicated that the two continents used to be joined together. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesosaurus&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesosaurus&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">anapsid = no opening in the skull behind the eye socket</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GP08-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-GP08_2-0">2.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-GP08_2-1">2.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHuene1940" class="citation journal cs1">Huene, F. von (1940). "Osteologie und systematische Stellung von <i>Mesosaurus</i>". <i>Palaeontographica. Abteilung A. Palaeozoologie-Stratigraphie</i>. <b>92</b>: 45–58.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Palaeontographica.+Abteilung+A.+Palaeozoologie-Stratigraphie&rft.atitle=Osteologie+und+systematische+Stellung+von+Mesosaurus&rft.volume=92&rft.pages=45-58&rft.date=1940&rft.aulast=Huene&rft.aufirst=F.+von&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AMesosaurus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vH1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-vH1_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFPiñeiro2008" class="citation book cs1">Piñeiro, Graciela (2008). "Los mesosaurios y otros fosiles de fines del Paleozoico". In D. Perera (ed.). <i>Fósiles de Uruguay</i>. DIRAC, Montevideoy.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Los+mesosaurios+y+otros+fosiles+de+fines+del+Paleozoico&rft.btitle=F%C3%B3siles+de+Uruguay&rft.pub=DIRAC%2C+Montevideoy&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Pi%C3%B1eiro&rft.aufirst=Graciela&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AMesosaurus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MJB-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-MJB_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Benton M.J. 2015. <i>Vertebrate palaeontology</i>. 4th ed, Wiley Blackwell, p126.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ML10-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ML10_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFLaurin2010" class="citation book cs1">Laurin, Michel (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/howvertebratesle0000laur"><i>How vertebrates left the water</i></a> (illustrated ed.). University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-26647-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-26647-6"><bdi>978-0-520-26647-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+vertebrates+left+the+water&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-520-26647-6&rft.aulast=Laurin&rft.aufirst=Michel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhowvertebratesle0000laur&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AMesosaurus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EoDP-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-EoDP_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFPalmer,_D.1999" class="citation book cs1">Palmer, D., ed. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000unse_y8e7"><i>The Marshall illustrated encyclopedia of dinosaurs and prehistoric animals</i></a>. London: Marshall Editions. p. 65. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84028-152-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-84028-152-9"><bdi>1-84028-152-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Marshall+illustrated+encyclopedia+of+dinosaurs+and+prehistoric+animals&rft.place=London&rft.pages=65&rft.pub=Marshall+Editions&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=1-84028-152-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fillustratedencyc0000unse_y8e7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AMesosaurus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pineiro G.H. <i>et al</i> 2012. The oldest-known amniotic embryos suggest vivparity in mesosaurs. <i>Historical Biology</i> <b>24</b> 620–630.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MSP06-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-MSP06_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFModesto2006" class="citation journal cs1">Modesto, S.P. (2006). "The cranial skeleton of the early Permian aquatic reptile <i>Mesosaurus tenuidens</i>: implications for relationships and palaeobiology". <i>Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</i>. <b>146</b> (3): 345–368. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.2006.00205.x">10.1111/j.1096-3642.2006.00205.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:52036785">52036785</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zoological+Journal+of+the+Linnean+Society&rft.atitle=The+cranial+skeleton+of+the+early+Permian+aquatic+reptile+Mesosaurus+tenuidens%3A+implications+for+relationships+and+palaeobiology&rft.volume=146&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=345-368&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.2006.00205.x&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A52036785%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Modesto&rft.aufirst=S.P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AMesosaurus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mesosaurus&oldid=8841844">https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mesosaurus&oldid=8841844</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fossils" title="Category:Fossils">Fossils</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Marine_reptiles" title="Category:Marine reptiles">Marine reptiles</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_JsonConfig_extension" title="Category:Pages using the JsonConfig extension">Pages using the JsonConfig extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_%27species%27_microformats" title="Category:Articles with 'species' microformats">Articles with 'species' microformats</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Taxobox_articles_missing_a_taxonbar" title="Category:Taxobox articles missing a taxonbar">Taxobox articles missing a taxonbar</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last changed on 25 May 2023, at 23:07.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the GNU Free Documentation License">GFDL</a>; additional terms may apply. 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