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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Somari" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Somari</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Començament</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-La_dubertura_forçada_dau_país" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_dubertura_forçada_dau_país"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>La dubertura forçada dau país</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-La_dubertura_forçada_dau_país-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció La dubertura forçada dau país</span> </button> <ul id="toc-La_dubertura_forçada_dau_país-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-La_convencion_de_Kanawaga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_convencion_de_Kanawaga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>La convencion de Kanawaga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_convencion_de_Kanawaga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Consequéncias_de_la_convencion_de_Kanawaga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consequéncias_de_la_convencion_de_Kanawaga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Consequéncias de la convencion de Kanawaga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consequéncias_de_la_convencion_de_Kanawaga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lo_Tractat_d'amistat_e_de_comèrci_de_1858" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lo_Tractat_d'amistat_e_de_comèrci_de_1858"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Lo Tractat d'amistat e de comèrci de 1858</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lo_Tractat_d'amistat_e_de_comèrci_de_1858-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crisis,_conflictes_e_declin_dau_shogunat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crisis,_conflictes_e_declin_dau_shogunat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Crisis, conflictes e declin dau shogunat</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Crisis,_conflictes_e_declin_dau_shogunat-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Crisis, conflictes e declin dau shogunat</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Crisis,_conflictes_e_declin_dau_shogunat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Crisi_politica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crisi_politica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Crisi politica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crisi_politica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crisi_economica_e_solevaments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crisi_economica_e_solevaments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Crisi economica e solevaments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crisi_economica_e_solevaments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Intervencions_militaras_occidentalas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intervencions_militaras_occidentalas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Intervencions militaras occidentalas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intervencions_militaras_occidentalas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fin_dau_shogunat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fin_dau_shogunat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Fin dau shogunat</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Fin_dau_shogunat-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Fin dau shogunat</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Fin_dau_shogunat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Succès_militars_dau_shogunat_e_restauracion_provisòria_de_son_govèrn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Succès_militars_dau_shogunat_e_restauracion_provisòria_de_son_govèrn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Succès militars dau shogunat e restauracion provisòria de son govèrn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Succès_militars_dau_shogunat_e_restauracion_provisòria_de_son_govèrn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Segonda_expedicion_punitiva_contra_lo_clan_Choshu_e_fin_nominala_dau_shogunat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Segonda_expedicion_punitiva_contra_lo_clan_Choshu_e_fin_nominala_dau_shogunat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Segonda expedicion punitiva contra lo clan Choshu e fin nominala dau shogunat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Segonda_expedicion_punitiva_contra_lo_clan_Choshu_e_fin_nominala_dau_shogunat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guèrra_Boshin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guèrra_Boshin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Guèrra Boshin</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Guèrra_Boshin-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Guèrra Boshin</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Guèrra_Boshin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Restauracion_de_l'emperaire_e_començament_de_la_guèrra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Restauracion_de_l'emperaire_e_començament_de_la_guèrra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Restauracion de l'emperaire e començament de la guèrra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Restauracion_de_l'emperaire_e_començament_de_la_guèrra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Batalha_de_Toba-Fushimi_e_presa_d'Osaka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Batalha_de_Toba-Fushimi_e_presa_d'Osaka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Batalha de Toba-Fushimi e presa d'Osaka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Batalha_de_Toba-Fushimi_e_presa_d'Osaka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Neutralitat_dei_país_estrangiers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Neutralitat_dei_país_estrangiers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Neutralitat dei país estrangiers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Neutralitat_dei_país_estrangiers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reddicion_d'Edo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reddicion_d'Edo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Reddicion d'Edo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reddicion_d'Edo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campanha_contra_la_coalicion_dau_nòrd" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campanha_contra_la_coalicion_dau_nòrd"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Campanha contra la coalicion dau nòrd</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Campanha_contra_la_coalicion_dau_nòrd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Formacion_de_la_Republica_d'Ezo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formacion_de_la_Republica_d'Ezo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Formacion de la Republica d'Ezo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formacion_de_la_Republica_d'Ezo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campanha_d'Hokkaido" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campanha_d'Hokkaido"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Campanha d'Hokkaido</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Campanha_d'Hokkaido-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Consequéncias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consequéncias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Consequéncias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consequéncias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referéncias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referéncias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Referéncias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referéncias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Somari" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Restauracion Meiji</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 102 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-102" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">102 lengas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji-restourasie" title="Meiji-restourasie - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Meiji-restourasie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji-Restauration" title="Meiji-Restauration - aleman de Soïssa" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Meiji-Restauration" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="aleman de Soïssa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restauraci%C3%B3n_Meichi" title="Restauración Meichi - aragonés" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Restauración Meichi" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="मेइद्ज़ी कृंति - angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="मेइद्ज़ी कृंति" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B4_%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A" title="استعراش مييجي - arabi" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="استعراش مييجي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restauraci%C3%B3n_Meiji" title="Restauración Meiji - asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Restauración Meiji" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meyci_islahat%C4%B1" title="Meyci islahatı - azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Meyci islahatı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Мэйдзи реставрацияһы - baixkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Мэйдзи реставрацияһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baixkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meid%C5%BE%C4%97_Restaurac%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Meidžė Restauracėjė - samogitien" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Meidžė Restauracėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96" title="Рэстаўрацыя Мэйдзі - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рэстаўрацыя Мэйдзі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96" title="Рэстаўрацыя Мэйдзі - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рэстаўрацыя Мэйдзі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8" title="Реставрация Мейджи - bulgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Реставрация Мейджи" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%A8" title="মেইজি পুনর্গঠন - bengalin" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মেইজি পুনর্গঠন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adsav_Meiji" title="Adsav Meiji - breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Adsav Meiji" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolucija_Meiji" title="Revolucija Meiji - bosniac" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Revolucija Meiji" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B8_%D1%85%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Мэйдзи хубисхал - Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Мэйдзи хубисхал" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restauraci%C3%B3_Meiji" title="Restauració Meiji - catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Restauració Meiji" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Мэйдзин реставраци - chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Мэйдзин реставраци" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%8E%DB%8C%D8%AC%DB%8C" title="چاکسازییەکانی مێیجی - kurd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="چاکسازییەکانی مێیجی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurd central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rinnuvamentu_Meiji" title="Rinnuvamentu Meiji - còrs" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Rinnuvamentu Meiji" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="còrs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reformy_Meid%C5%BEi" title="Reformy Meidži - chèc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Reformy Meidži" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adferiad_y_Meiji" title="Adferiad y Meiji - gal·lès" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Adferiad y Meiji" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gal·lès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji-restaurationen" title="Meiji-restaurationen - danés" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Meiji-restaurationen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji-Restauration" title="Meiji-Restauration - alemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Meiji-Restauration" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%81%CF%8D%CE%B8%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%8A%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%AF" title="Μεταρρύθμιση Μεϊτζί - grèc" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μεταρρύθμιση Μεϊτζί" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji_Restoration" title="Meiji Restoration - anglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Meiji Restoration" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mei%C4%B5i-reformo" title="Meiĵi-reformo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Meiĵi-reformo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restauraci%C3%B3n_Meiji" title="Restauración Meiji - espanhòl" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Restauración Meiji" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji_restauratsioon" title="Meiji restauratsioon - estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Meiji restauratsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji_Berrezartzea" title="Meiji Berrezartzea - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Meiji Berrezartzea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%AC%DB%8C" title="بازسازی می‌جی - perse" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بازسازی می‌جی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji-restauraatio" title="Meiji-restauraatio - finlandés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Meiji-restauraatio" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji_restaurats%27uun" title="Meiji restaurats'uun - võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Meiji restaurats'uun" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restauration_de_Meiji" title="Restauration de Meiji - francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Restauration de Meiji" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%B2%BB%E7%B6%AD%E6%96%B0" title="明治維新 - xinès gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="明治維新" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="xinès gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restauraci%C3%B3n_Meiji" title="Restauración Meiji - galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Restauración Meiji" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji_%C3%B1emyatyr%C3%B5" title="Meiji ñemyatyrõ - guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Meiji ñemyatyrõ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%99%D7%92%27%D7%99" title="רסטורציית מייג'י - ebrèu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רסטורציית מייג'י" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebrèu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8" title="मेइजी पुनर्स्थापन - Indi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मेइजी पुनर्स्थापन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Indi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji_Restoration" title="Meiji Restoration - hindi de Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Meiji Restoration" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi de Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolucija_Meiji" title="Revolucija Meiji - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Revolucija Meiji" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meidzsi-restaur%C3%A1ci%C3%B3" title="Meidzsi-restauráció - ongrés" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Meidzsi-restauráció" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ongrés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%B1%D5%AB%D5%AB_%D5%B0%D5%A5%D5%B2%D5%A1%D6%83%D5%B8%D5%AD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Մեյձիի հեղափոխություն - armèni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մեյձիի հեղափոխություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armèni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restauration_Meiji" title="Restauration Meiji - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Restauration Meiji" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restorasi_Meiji" title="Restorasi Meiji - indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Restorasi Meiji" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restorasion_ti_Meiji" title="Restorasion ti Meiji - ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Restorasion ti Meiji" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji-endurreisnin" title="Meiji-endurreisnin - islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Meiji-endurreisnin" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rinnovamento_Meiji" title="Rinnovamento Meiji - italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rinnovamento Meiji" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%B2%BB%E7%B6%AD%E6%96%B0" title="明治維新 - japonés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="明治維新" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restorasi_Meiji" title="Restorasi Meiji - javanés" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Restorasi Meiji" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%AB%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="მეიძის რესტავრაცია - georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მეიძის რესტავრაცია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B8_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D2%A3%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D1%8B" title="Мэйдзи жаңғыртуы - cazac" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мэйдзи жаңғыртуы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A9%94%EC%9D%B4%EC%A7%80_%EC%9C%A0%EC%8B%A0" title="메이지 유신 - corean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="메이지 유신" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="corean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Мэйдзи реставрация - karatxai-balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Мэйдзи реставрация" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karatxai-balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji_Restoration" title="Meiji Restoration - cornic" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Meiji Restoration" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B8_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Мэйдзи Реставрациясы - kirguís" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мэйдзи Реставрациясы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restauratio_Meiji" title="Restauratio Meiji - latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Restauratio Meiji" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meid%C5%BEi_restauracija" title="Meidži restauracija - lituan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Meidži restauracija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meidzi_restaur%C4%81cija" title="Meidzi restaurācija - leton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Meidzi restaurācija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="leton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BD" title="മീജി പുനരുദ്ധരിക്കൽ - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മീജി പുനരുദ്ധരിക്കൽ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemulihan_Meiji" title="Pemulihan Meiji - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pemulihan Meiji" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%B1%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AE%E1%80%81%E1%80%B1%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AF%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AF%E1%80%99%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="မေဂျီခေတ် ပြုပြင်မှုများ - birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မေဂျီခေတ် ပြုပြင်မှုများ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restaurazzione_Meiji" title="Restaurazzione Meiji - napolità" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Restaurazzione Meiji" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolità" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji-Restauratschoon" title="Meiji-Restauratschoon - baix alemany" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Meiji-Restauratschoon" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baix alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="मेइजी पुनर्स्थापना - nepalés" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मेइजी पुनर्स्थापना" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="मेइजी पूनर्स्थापना - newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="मेइजी पूनर्स्थापना" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji-restauratie" title="Meiji-restauratie - neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Meiji-restauratie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meijirestaurasjonen" title="Meijirestaurasjonen - norvegian nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Meijirestaurasjonen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegian nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji-restaurasjonen" title="Meiji-restaurasjonen - norvegian bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Meiji-restaurasjonen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegian bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80" title="ਮੇਇਜੀ ਬਹਾਲੀ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮੇਇਜੀ ਬਹਾਲੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restauracja_Meiji" title="Restauracja Meiji - polonés" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Restauracja Meiji" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AC%DB%8C_%D9%85%DA%91_%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%A7" title="میجی مڑ آنا - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="میجی مڑ آنا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restaura%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Meiji" title="Restauração Meiji - portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Restauração Meiji" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restaura%C8%9Bia_Meiji" title="Restaurația Meiji - romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Restaurația Meiji" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Реставрация Мэйдзи - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Реставрация Мэйдзи" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restauracija_Meiji" title="Restauracija Meiji - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Restauracija Meiji" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%92_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="මෙයිජි ප්‍රතිස්ථාපනය - singalès" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මෙයිජි ප්‍රතිස්ථාපනය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji_Restoration" title="Meiji Restoration - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Meiji Restoration" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meid%C5%BEi_i%C5%A1in" title="Meidži išin - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Meidži išin" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obnova_Meid%C5%BEi" title="Obnova Meidži - eslovèn" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Obnova Meidži" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovèn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restaurimi_meixhi" title="Restaurimi meixhi - albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Restaurimi meixhi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B8%D1%92%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Меиђи обнова - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Меиђи обнова" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9storasi_M%C3%A9iji" title="Réstorasi Méiji - sondanès" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Réstorasi Méiji" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sondanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meijirestaurationen" title="Meijirestaurationen - suedés" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Meijirestaurationen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matengenezo_ya_Meiji" title="Matengenezo ya Meiji - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Matengenezo ya Meiji" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="மெய்சி மீள்விப்பு - tamol" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மெய்சி மீள்விப்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B4" title="การฟื้นฟูเมจิ - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การฟื้นฟูเมจิ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagpapanumbalik_ng_Meiji" title="Pagpapanumbalik ng Meiji - tagal" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pagpapanumbalik ng Meiji" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji_Restorasyonu" title="Meiji Restorasyonu - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Meiji Restorasyonu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A4yci_inq%C4%B1ylab%C4%B1" title="Mäyci inqıylabı - tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Mäyci inqıylabı" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96" title="Реставрація Мейдзі - ucrainés" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Реставрація Мейдзі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucrainés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AC%DB%8C" title="بحالی میجی - ordó" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بحالی میجی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ordó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meydzi_islohoti" title="Meydzi islohoti - ozbèc" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Meydzi islohoti" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ozbèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meidzin_restavracii" title="Meidzin restavracii - vepse" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Meidzin restavracii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minh_Tr%E1%BB%8B_Duy_t%C3%A2n" title="Minh Trị Duy tân - vietnamian" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Minh Trị Duy tân" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restorasyon_Meiji" title="Restorasyon Meiji - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Restorasyon Meiji" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%B2%BB%E7%BB%B4%E6%96%B0" title="明治维新 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="明治维新" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%99%D7%93%D7%96%D7%A9%D7%99_%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%A2" title="מיידזשי רעסטאראציע - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מיידזשי רעסטאראציע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mingzci_veizsaen" title="Mingzci veizsaen - zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Mingzci veizsaen" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%B2%BB%E7%BB%B4%E6%96%B0" title="明治维新 - chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="明治维新" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%AAng-t%C4%AB_%C3%8E-sin" title="Bêng-tī Î-sin - xinès min del sud" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bêng-tī Î-sin" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="xinès min del sud" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%B2%BB%E7%B6%AD%E6%96%B0" title="明治維新 - 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dir="ltr"><table class="infobox_v2" cellspacing="7" width="30em"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding: 0 0.5em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1.3em; line-height: 1.25em; height: 45px !important; ; background-color: #C60B1D; color: #FFF;; line-height: 0.9em;" valign="middle" class=""> <div style="cursor:help" title="Tematica: militar; Carta: 2jp"> Restauracion Meiji<div style="font-style:italic; font-size:85%;"> </div><div style="font-style:italic; font-size:85%;"></div><div style="font-style:italic; font-size:85%;"> </div></div> </th></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Descobridor o inventaire </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Data de descobèrta </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Contrari </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Color </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Simbòl de quantitat </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Simbòl d'unitat </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Proprietat de </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Fondador </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Compren </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Data de debuta </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Data de fin </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Precedit per </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Seguit per </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"></td></tr><tr valign="top" style="display: none;"> <th width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;">Coordenadas </th> <td width="50%" style="line-height: 1.2em !important;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="middle" colspan="2" class="" style="padding: 0 0.5em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1em; height: 25px; font-weight: bold; background-color: #C60B1D; color: #FFF;">Informacions generalas </td></tr> <tr> <th>Data </th> <td>Genier de <a href="/wiki/1868" class="mw-redirect" title="1868">1868</a> - Mai de <a href="/wiki/1869" class="mw-redirect" title="1869">1869</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Luòc </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">Japon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Eissida </th> <td>Victòria dei faccions fidèlas a l'emperaire e restauracion dau poder imperiau<br />Abolicion dau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shogunat_Tokugawa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shogunat Tokugawa (la pagina existís pas)">shogunat Tokugawa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="middle" colspan="2" class="" style="padding: 0 0.5em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1em; height: 25px; font-weight: bold; background-color: #C60B1D; color: #FFF;">Belligerants </td></tr> <tr> <td width="50%" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_the_Japanese_Emperor.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_the_Japanese_Emperor.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Japanese_Emperor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_the_Japanese_Emperor.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Japanese_Emperor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_the_Japanese_Emperor.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Japanese_Emperor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> Emperaire japonés<br /> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Satsuma_domain.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_Satsuma_domain.svg/15px-Flag_of_Satsuma_domain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_Satsuma_domain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Satsuma_domain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_Satsuma_domain.svg/30px-Flag_of_Satsuma_domain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> Clan Satsuma<br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Choshu_domain.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Choshu_domain.svg/15px-Flag_of_Choshu_domain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Choshu_domain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Choshu_domain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Choshu_domain.svg/30px-Flag_of_Choshu_domain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> Clan Choshu<br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Tosa_domain.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_Tosa_domain.svg/15px-Flag_of_Tosa_domain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_Tosa_domain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tosa_domain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_Tosa_domain.svg/30px-Flag_of_Tosa_domain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> Clan Tosa<br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Hiroshima_domain.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Hiroshima_domain.svg/15px-Flag_of_Hiroshima_domain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Hiroshima_domain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hiroshima_domain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Hiroshima_domain.svg/30px-Flag_of_Hiroshima_domain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> Clan Hiroshima<br /> Clan Saga </p> </td> <td width="50%" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Tokugawa_family_crest.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Tokugawa_family_crest.svg/20px-Tokugawa_family_crest.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Tokugawa_family_crest.svg/30px-Tokugawa_family_crest.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Tokugawa_family_crest.svg/40px-Tokugawa_family_crest.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="405" data-file-height="405" /></a></span> Shogunat Tokugawa (<a href="/wiki/1868" class="mw-redirect" title="1868">1868</a>)<br /> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Ouetsu_Reppan_Domei_or_the_Northern_Alliance_in_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Ouetsu_Reppan_Domei_or_the_Northern_Alliance_in_Japan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ouetsu_Reppan_Domei_or_the_Northern_Alliance_in_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Ouetsu_Reppan_Domei_or_the_Northern_Alliance_in_Japan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ouetsu_Reppan_Domei_or_the_Northern_Alliance_in_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Ouetsu_Reppan_Domei_or_the_Northern_Alliance_in_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ouetsu_Reppan_Domei_or_the_Northern_Alliance_in_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> Ouetsu Reppan Domei (<a href="/wiki/1868" class="mw-redirect" title="1868">1868</a>)<br /> Republica d'Ezo (<a href="/wiki/1868" class="mw-redirect" title="1868">1868</a>-<a href="/wiki/1869" class="mw-redirect" title="1869">1869</a>) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="middle" colspan="2" class="" style="padding: 0 0.5em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1em; height: 25px; font-weight: bold; background-color: #C60B1D; color: #FFF;">Comandants </td></tr> <tr> <td width="50%" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Emperaire Meiji<br /> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saigo_Takamori&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saigo Takamori (la pagina existís pas)">Saigo Takamori</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Kuroda_Kiyotaka" title="Kuroda Kiyotaka">Kuroda Kiyotaka</a> </p> </td> <td width="50%" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Tokugawa_family_crest.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Tokugawa_family_crest.svg/20px-Tokugawa_family_crest.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Tokugawa_family_crest.svg/30px-Tokugawa_family_crest.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Tokugawa_family_crest.svg/40px-Tokugawa_family_crest.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="405" data-file-height="405" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tokugawa_Yoshinobu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tokugawa Yoshinobu (la pagina existís pas)">Tokugawa Yoshinobu</a><br /> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Tokugawa_family_crest.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Tokugawa_family_crest.svg/20px-Tokugawa_family_crest.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Tokugawa_family_crest.svg/30px-Tokugawa_family_crest.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Tokugawa_family_crest.svg/40px-Tokugawa_family_crest.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="405" data-file-height="405" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katsu_Kaishu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katsu Kaishu (la pagina existís pas)">Katsu Kaishu</a><br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Tokugawa_family_crest.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Tokugawa_family_crest.svg/20px-Tokugawa_family_crest.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Tokugawa_family_crest.svg/30px-Tokugawa_family_crest.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Tokugawa_family_crest.svg/40px-Tokugawa_family_crest.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="405" data-file-height="405" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Enomoto_Takeaki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enomoto Takeaki (la pagina existís pas)">Enomoto Takeaki</a><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Otori_Keisuke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otori Keisuke (la pagina existís pas)">Otori Keisuke</a><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arai_Ikunosuke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arai Ikunosuke (la pagina existís pas)">Arai Ikunosuke</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="middle" colspan="2" class="" style="padding: 0 0.5em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1em; height: 25px; font-weight: bold; background-color: #C60B1D; color: #FFF;">Fòrças en preséncia </td></tr> <tr> <td width="50%" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">30 000 </td> <td width="50%" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">80 000 </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="middle" colspan="2" class="" style="padding: 0 0.5em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1em; height: 25px; font-weight: bold; background-color: #C60B1D; color: #FFF;">Pèrdas </td></tr> <tr> <td width="50%" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Environ 1 000 tuats </td> <td width="50%" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Environ 3 000 tuats </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="middle" colspan="2" class="" style="padding: 0 0.5em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1em; height: 25px; font-weight: bold; background-color: #C60B1D; color: #FFF;">Batalhas </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gu%C3%A8rra_Boshin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guèrra Boshin (la pagina existís pas)">Guèrra Boshin</a></b> : <a href="/wiki/Batalha_de_Toba-Fushimi" title="Batalha de Toba-Fushimi">Toba-Fushimi</a> – <a href="/wiki/Batalha_d%27Awa" title="Batalha d'Awa">Awa</a> – <a href="/wiki/Presa_dau_Cast%C3%A8u_d%27Osaka" title="Presa dau Castèu d'Osaka">Castèu d'Osaka</a> – <a href="/wiki/Batalha_de_Koshu-Katsunuma" title="Batalha de Koshu-Katsunuma">Koshu-Katsunuma</a> – <a href="/wiki/Batalha_dau_Cast%C3%A8u_d%27Utsunomiya" title="Batalha dau Castèu d'Utsunomiya">Castèu d'Utsunomiya</a> – <a href="/wiki/Batalha_d%27Ueno" title="Batalha d'Ueno">Ueno</a> – <a href="/wiki/Presa_d%27Edo" title="Presa d'Edo">Edo</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Premiera_batalha_de_Hokuetsu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Premiera batalha de Hokuetsu (la pagina existís pas)">Hokuetsu (1<sup>a</sup>)</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Segonda_batalha_de_Hokuetsu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Segonda batalha de Hokuetsu (la pagina existís pas)">Hokuetsu (2<sup>a</sup>)</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_de_la_passa_de_Bonari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha de la passa de Bonari (la pagina existís pas)">Passa de Bonari</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_d%27Aizu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha d'Aizu (la pagina existís pas)">Aizu</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_de_Noheji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha de Noheji (la pagina existís pas)">Noheji</a> -<a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_de_la_baia_de_Miyako&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha de la baia de Miyako (la pagina existís pas)">Baia de Miyako</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_de_Hakodate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha de Hakodate (la pagina existís pas)">Hakodate</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_de_la_baia_de_Hakodate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha de la baia de Hakodate (la pagina existís pas)">Baia de Hakodate</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>La <b>Restauracion Meiji</b> correspònd au periòde entre <a href="/wiki/1868" class="mw-redirect" title="1868">1868</a> e <a href="/wiki/1869" class="mw-redirect" title="1869">1869</a> onte l'emperaire <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">japonés</a>, reduch au ròtle de figura religiosa dempuei de sègles, retrobèt son poder e acomencèt la modernizacion dau país après una <a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%A8rra_civila" title="Guèrra civila">guèrra civila</a> corta, la guèrra Boshin, e l'abolicion dau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shogunat_Tokugawa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shogunat Tokugawa (la pagina existís pas)">Shogunat Tokugawa</a>. </p><p>D'efèct, la dubertura forçada dau país au comèrci internacionau e ai nacions estrangieras après una expedicion militara estatsunidenca en <a href="/wiki/1854" class="mw-redirect" title="1854">1854</a> entraïnèt una crisi prefonda de la societat e dau govèrn feudau japonés. Divèrsei faccions apareguèron devesidas a prepaus de l'influéncia deis estrangiers e de la modernizacion dau país. Rapidament, lo poder tradicionau dau shogun foguèt criticat puei escomés per de clans opausats ais estrangiers e favorables a una restauracion dau poder de l'emperaire. Fàcia a la poissança creissenta dei partisans de l'emperaire, lo shogun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tokugawa_Yoshinobu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tokugawa Yoshinobu (la pagina existís pas)">Tokugawa Yoshinobu</a> acceptèt en persona l'abolicion dau shogunat en <a href="/wiki/1867" class="mw-redirect" title="1867">1867</a> e lo retorn dau poder entre lei mans dau jove emperaire Meiji. </p><p>Pasmens, aquela decision èra encara pas sufisenta per certanei partisans de l'emperaire que crenhèron una manòbra dau shogunat per gardar son poder. Una <a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%A8rra_civila" title="Guèrra civila">guèrra civila</a> acomencèt donc en genier de <a href="/wiki/1868" class="mw-redirect" title="1868">1868</a> fins au 17 de mai de <a href="/wiki/1869" class="mw-redirect" title="1869">1869</a>. Lei diferents adversaris dau govèrn imperiau novèu foguèron desfachs après una tiera de campanhas militaras vèrs lo nòrd dau país. </p><p>Après aquela guèrra, lo país foguèt transformat prefondament per una seria de reformas que toquèron la societat, l'economia e lei fòrças armadas japonesas. La division deis abitants en castas foguèt abolida e la modernizacion occidentala venguèt la nòrma. Enfin, Japon tenguèt per lo premier còp un govèrn centrau fòrt e capable d'impausar sei decisions au rèsta dau país. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="La_dubertura_forçada_dau_país"><span id="La_dubertura_for.C3.A7ada_dau_pa.C3.ADs"></span>La dubertura forçada dau país</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modificar la seccion : La dubertura forçada dau país" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=1" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La dubertura forçada dau país"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_convencion_de_Kanawaga">La convencion de Kanawaga</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modificar la seccion : La convencion de Kanawaga" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=2" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La convencion de Kanawaga"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Japanese_1854_print_Commodore_Perry.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Japanese_1854_print_Commodore_Perry.jpg/220px-Japanese_1854_print_Commodore_Perry.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Japanese_1854_print_Commodore_Perry.jpg/330px-Japanese_1854_print_Commodore_Perry.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Japanese_1854_print_Commodore_Perry.jpg/440px-Japanese_1854_print_Commodore_Perry.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2784" data-file-height="1792" /></a><figcaption>Representacion japonesa dei naviris de l'expedicion dau còmmodore Perry en <a href="/wiki/1854" class="mw-redirect" title="1854">1854</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>En <a href="/wiki/1853" class="mw-redirect" title="1853">1853</a>, l'expedicion dau commodòre <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Perry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matthew Perry (la pagina existís pas)">Matthew Perry</a> e d'una flòta de quatre naviris de guèrra modèrnes pervenguèt au larg d'<a href="/wiki/Edo" title="Edo">Edo</a>. Sa mission èra d'obtenir la fin de la politica d'isolacion dau <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">Japon</a> e sa dubertura au comèrci internacionau, se necessari per la fòrça<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. La preséncia dei naviris entraïnèt donc una crisi prefonda per lo govèrn dau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shogunat_Tokugawa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shogunat Tokugawa (la pagina existís pas)">shogunat Tokugawa</a>. D'efèct, lo shogunat e sei conselhiers vouguèron realizar un acòrd ambé leis estrangiers, l'emperaire lei vouguèt emmandar e un nombre important de daimyo (senhors feudaus) desirèron la guèrra. Lei faccions principalas dau país èran donc devesidas e lo conselhier <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abe_Masahiro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abe Masahiro (la pagina existís pas)">Abe Masahiro</a> (<a href="/wiki/1819" class="mw-redirect" title="1819">1819</a>-<a href="/wiki/1857" class="mw-redirect" title="1857">1857</a>) assaièt de trobar un compromés malaisat. </p><p>En març de <a href="/wiki/1854" class="mw-redirect" title="1854">1854</a>, foguèt signada ambé lo commodòre Perry la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Convencion_de_Kanawaga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Convencion de Kanawaga (la pagina existís pas)">convencion de Kanawaga</a>. Permetèt la dubertura de tres pòrts (Nagasaki, Shimoda e Kakodate) ai batèus estatsunidencs recercant de viures, un tractament corrècte per lei naufragiers estatsunidencs e l'installacion d'un consul estatsunidenc a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shimoda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shimoda (la pagina existís pas)">Shimoda</a>. Pasmens, aqueu tractat èra contrari ai desirs de l'emperaire, causant un maucontentament de la populacion còntra lo shogunat. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consequéncias_de_la_convencion_de_Kanawaga"><span id="Consequ.C3.A9ncias_de_la_convencion_de_Kanawaga"></span>Consequéncias de la convencion de Kanawaga</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modificar la seccion : Consequéncias de la convencion de Kanawaga" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=3" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Consequéncias de la convencion de Kanawaga"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Daimyo_Hotta_Masayoshi.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Daimyo_Hotta_Masayoshi.png/130px-Daimyo_Hotta_Masayoshi.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Daimyo_Hotta_Masayoshi.png/195px-Daimyo_Hotta_Masayoshi.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Daimyo_Hotta_Masayoshi.png/260px-Daimyo_Hotta_Masayoshi.png 2x" data-file-width="580" data-file-height="845" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hotta_Masayoshi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hotta Masayoshi (la pagina existís pas)">Hotta Masayoshi</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Per lo shogunat, leis efècts de la convencion de Kanawaga e de la crisi foguèron importants. D'efèct, un debat, novèu au <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">Japon</a>, acomencèt a prepaus de la politica dau govèrn e de criticas dau shogunat apareguèron. Abe deguèt donc trobar d'aliats novèus per contuniar sa politica, especialament per mandar una seria de modernizacions de la defensa dau país. Ansin, un raprochament foguèt realizat ambé lei <a href="/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs_Bas" class="mw-disambig" title="País Bas">País Bas</a> per la recepcion dau premier naviri a eliça japonés e la creacion d'una escòla militara navala a Edo e d'un centre d'entraïnament a Nagasaki. De mai, lei conoissenças scientificas occidentalas venguèron la basa de la recèrca japonesa. </p><p>En causa d'aquela politica, l'oposicion au conselhier Abe venguèt fòrça importanta e foguèt remplaçat en <a href="/wiki/1855" class="mw-redirect" title="1855">1855</a> per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hotta_Masayoshi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hotta Masayoshi (la pagina existís pas)">Hotta Masayoshi</a> (<a href="/wiki/1810" class="mw-redirect" title="1810">1810</a>–<a href="/wiki/1864" class="mw-redirect" title="1864">1864</a>). Lo cap de la dissidéncia èra alora <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tokugawa_Nariaki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tokugawa Nariaki (la pagina existís pas)">Tokugawa Nariaki</a> que combinava una leiautat fòrta per l'emperaire e un sentiment egalament grand còntra leis estrangiers. Èra tanben lo cap de la defensa nacionala dempuei <a href="/wiki/1854" class="mw-redirect" title="1854">1854</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lo_Tractat_d'amistat_e_de_comèrci_de_1858"><span id="Lo_Tractat_d.27amistat_e_de_com.C3.A8rci_de_1858"></span>Lo Tractat d'amistat e de comèrci de 1858</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modificar la seccion : Lo Tractat d'amistat e de comèrci de 1858" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=4" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lo Tractat d'amistat e de comèrci de 1858"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:NagasakiNavalTrainingCenter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/NagasakiNavalTrainingCenter.jpg/220px-NagasakiNavalTrainingCenter.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/NagasakiNavalTrainingCenter.jpg/330px-NagasakiNavalTrainingCenter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/NagasakiNavalTrainingCenter.jpg/440px-NagasakiNavalTrainingCenter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="852" /></a><figcaption>Centre d'entraïnament navau de Nagasaki.</figcaption></figure> <p>Après la nominacion de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Townsend_Harris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Townsend Harris (la pagina existís pas)">Townsend Harris</a> coma consul deis <a href="/wiki/Estats_Units_d%27America" title="Estats Units d'America">Estats Units</a> en <a href="/wiki/1856" class="mw-redirect" title="1856">1856</a> e doas annadas de negociacions, un tractat d'amistat e de comèrci foguèt signat en <a href="/wiki/1858" class="mw-redirect" title="1858">1858</a> entre <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">Japon</a> e leis Estats Units. Lei ponchs principaus d'aqueu tractat èran : </p> <ul><li>cambi d'agents diplomatics.</li> <li>dubertura au comèrci estrangier dei pòrts d'Edo, de Kobe, de Nagazaki, de Niigata e de Yokohama.</li> <li>lei ciutadans estatsunidencs podián viure e comerçar librament dins aquelei pòrts, a l'excepcion dau comèrci de l'opium.</li> <li>lei ciutadans estrangiers èran jutjats segon la lèi de lor país amb un sistèma de tribunaus dins lei consolats.</li> <li>una taxacion febla per leis exportacions e leis importacions sota un contraròtle estrangier. Ansin, lo comèrci internacionau èra independent dau govèrn japonés.</li> <li>Japon poguèt comprar d'armas o de naviris estatsunidencs.</li></ul> <p>Ambé l'acòrd deis Estats Units, lo govèrn japonés deguèt egalament aplicar de condicions similaras per leis autrei país. Ansin, Reiaume Unit, França o Russia obtenguèron rapidament lo drech de comerçar e de s'establir dins lei pòrts dubèrts per lo tractat. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Crisis,_conflictes_e_declin_dau_shogunat"><span id="Crisis.2C_conflictes_e_declin_dau_shogunat"></span>Crisis, conflictes e declin dau shogunat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modificar la seccion : Crisis, conflictes e declin dau shogunat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=5" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Crisis, conflictes e declin dau shogunat"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crisi_politica">Crisi politica</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modificar la seccion : Crisi politica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=6" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Crisi politica"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Sales_Room_at_Foreign_Trade_Building_Yokohama_MET_DP147653.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Sales_Room_at_Foreign_Trade_Building_Yokohama_MET_DP147653.jpg/220px-Sales_Room_at_Foreign_Trade_Building_Yokohama_MET_DP147653.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Sales_Room_at_Foreign_Trade_Building_Yokohama_MET_DP147653.jpg/330px-Sales_Room_at_Foreign_Trade_Building_Yokohama_MET_DP147653.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Sales_Room_at_Foreign_Trade_Building_Yokohama_MET_DP147653.jpg/440px-Sales_Room_at_Foreign_Trade_Building_Yokohama_MET_DP147653.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3873" data-file-height="1938" /></a><figcaption>Comèrci estrangier a Yokohama en 1861.</figcaption></figure> <p>La politica de dubertura dau país entraïnèt de crisis novèlas e un premier afebliment dau shogunat. D'efèct, en causa de sa politica, Hotta perdeguèt lo sostèn dei senhors principaus, e quand Tokugawa Nariaki s'opausèt au tractat, mandèt una sancion imperiala. Devinant la feblesa dau shogunat, lei jutges imperiaus rebutèron lo planh, mesclant l'emperaire a la politica dau país per lo premier còp dempuei de sègles. Puei, après la mòrt dau shogun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesada_Tokugawa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iesada Tokugawa (la pagina existís pas)">Iesada Tokugawa</a> en <a href="/wiki/1858" class="mw-redirect" title="1858">1858</a>, Tokugawa Nariaki prepausèt son fiu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tokugawa_Yoshinobu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tokugawa Yoshinobu (la pagina existís pas)">Tokugawa Yoshinobu</a> per la succession ambé l'ajuda de divèrsei senhors. Dins aquò, Hotta averèt la lucha per lo poder e Tokugawa Nariaki e Tokugawa Yoshinobu foguèron arrestats. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Naosuke_Ii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naosuke Ii (la pagina existís pas)">Naosuke Ii</a> venguèt shogun provisòri. Enfin, de tractats novèus foguèron signats ambé leis Estats Units. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crisi_economica_e_solevaments">Crisi economica e solevaments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modificar la seccion : Crisi economica e solevaments" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=7" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Crisi economica e solevaments"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:BritishLegationAttack1861.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/BritishLegationAttack1861.jpg/220px-BritishLegationAttack1861.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/BritishLegationAttack1861.jpg/330px-BritishLegationAttack1861.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/BritishLegationAttack1861.jpg/440px-BritishLegationAttack1861.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1604" data-file-height="1300" /></a><figcaption>Ataca de l'ambaissada britanica en 1861 vista per lo jornau <i>Illustrated London News</i>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:ShimonosekiShooting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/ShimonosekiShooting.jpg/220px-ShimonosekiShooting.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/ShimonosekiShooting.jpg/330px-ShimonosekiShooting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/ShimonosekiShooting.jpg/440px-ShimonosekiShooting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="802" data-file-height="558" /></a><figcaption>Representacion japonesa d'un bombardament de naviris occidentaus dins lo destrech de Shimonoseki per lo clan Choshu.</figcaption></figure> <p>La dubertura dau comèrci exterior japonés causèt una instabilitat economica importanta. L'inflacion e lo chaumatge aumentèron enterin que lo país èra tocat per de gròssei faminas. De mai, lo sistèma monetari japonés s'afondrèt en causa deis investisseires estrangiers. D'efèct, la paritat tradicionala au Japon entre l'òr e l'argent èra egala a 1 per 5 contra 1 a 15 dins lei país estrangiers. Aquela diferéncia entraïnèt de còmpras massissas d'òr per lei marchands estrangiers, forçant lo govèrn de desavalorar la moneda. Enfin, de centenaus de miliers d'abitants moriguèron d'una epidemia de <a href="/wiki/Colera" title="Colera">colera</a>, egalament aducha per leis estrangiers. </p><p>Ansin, dins leis annadas 1860, lei revòutas païsanas e lei violéncias urbanas se multipliquèron. D'incidents aguèron tanben luòc entre d'abitants japonés e d'estrangiers. De movements antiestrangiers poderós apareguèron. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Naosuke_Ii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naosuke Ii (la pagina existís pas)">Naosuke Ii</a>, signatari dau tractat de 1858, foguèt assassinat en març de <a href="/wiki/1860" class="mw-redirect" title="1860">1860</a> a Sakuradamon. Divèrsei marins europèus foguèron tuats en <a href="/wiki/1860" class="mw-redirect" title="1860">1860</a> a Yokohama<sup id="cite_ref-Satow_34_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Satow_34-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Puei, en <a href="/wiki/1861" class="mw-redirect" title="1861">1861</a>, l'ambaissada britanica foguèt atacada e doas personas foguèron tuadas <sup id="cite_ref-Satow_34_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Satow_34-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. En consequéncia, lei nacions estrangieras deguèron prendre de mesuras violentas per protegir sei ciutadans. </p><p>L'oposicion armada a l'influéncia estrangiera degenerèt finalament en conflicte armat quand l'emperaire Komei rompèt ambé de sègles de non-intervencion imperiala e ordonèt l'expulsion deis Occidentaus e deis Estatsunidencs lei 11 de març e 11 d'abriu de 1863. Aquel òrdre foguèt especialament seguit per lo clan Choshu basat a Shimonoseki, sota la direccion dau senhor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mori_Takachika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mori Takachika (la pagina existís pas)">Mori Takachika</a>. D'efèct, a partir dau 10 de mai, acomencèt de tirar sus totei lei naviris estrangiers temptant de traversar lo destrech de Shimonoseki maugrat leis òrdres dau shogunat. D'autra part, en setembre de 1863, l'ambaissada estatsunidenca d'Edo foguèt incendiada. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Intervencions_militaras_occidentalas">Intervencions militaras occidentalas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modificar la seccion : Intervencions militaras occidentalas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=8" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Intervencions militaras occidentalas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:British_Naval_Brigade_and_Marines_Storming_the_Stockade_at_Shimonoseki_1864.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/British_Naval_Brigade_and_Marines_Storming_the_Stockade_at_Shimonoseki_1864.png/220px-British_Naval_Brigade_and_Marines_Storming_the_Stockade_at_Shimonoseki_1864.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/British_Naval_Brigade_and_Marines_Storming_the_Stockade_at_Shimonoseki_1864.png/330px-British_Naval_Brigade_and_Marines_Storming_the_Stockade_at_Shimonoseki_1864.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/British_Naval_Brigade_and_Marines_Storming_the_Stockade_at_Shimonoseki_1864.png/440px-British_Naval_Brigade_and_Marines_Storming_the_Stockade_at_Shimonoseki_1864.png 2x" data-file-width="1438" data-file-height="1011" /></a><figcaption>Batalha de Shimonoseki en <a href="/wiki/1864" class="mw-redirect" title="1864">1864</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>L'influéncia estatsunidenca, inicialament importanta, declinèt a partir dau començament de la <a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%A8rra_Civila_Americana" title="Guèrra Civila Americana">Guèrra de Secession</a> en 1861. Foguèt remplaçada per Reiaume Unit, França e País Bas. Coma lo shogunat se declarèt pas capable de punir lei dos clans principaus dau camp antioccidentau, lei clans Choshu e Satsuma, lei fòrças occidentalas decidiguèron d'agir esperelei. </p><p>Ansin, en <a href="/wiki/1863" class="mw-redirect" title="1863">1863</a>, Estatsunidencs e Francés ataquèron dins lo destrech de Shimonoseki en julhet e aost. Leis Estatsunidencs averèron una batalha navala contra una flòta rebèlla e lei Francés destruguèron una vila pichona e una posicion d'artilhariá <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Pendent lo meme periòde, lei Britanics bombardèron Kagoshima, sus lo territòri Satsuma, en respònsa a la mòrt d'un marchand britanic<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Destruguèron tanben quauquei naviris. De negociacions acomencèron donc entre lei Britanics e lo clan Satsuma qu'èra opausat au shogun mai non a la dubertura e a la modernizacion dau país. Ansin, après pagament de reparacions per lo clan Satsuma, lei relacions se melhorèron. Ansin, pendent la guèrra de Bonshin, lei Britanics foguèron aliats e Satsuma obtenguèt de naviris de guèrra de vapor. </p><p>Còntra lo clan Choshu, leis operacions venguèron pus importantas en <a href="/wiki/1864" class="mw-redirect" title="1864">1864</a>. Lei 5 e 6 de setembre, una flòta internacionala ataquèt lo destrech e desbarquèt de fòrças terrèstras. Lo 8, lei fòrças Choshu deguèron se rendre e lei fortificacions de la region foguèron destruchas. Après aquela intervencion, leis Occidentaus demandèron una indemnitat fòrça gròssa de 3 milions de liuras au shogunat<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Per redurre la soma, lo shogunat negocièt e leis Europèus demandèron la ratificacion dau tractat d'amistat de 1858 per l'emperaire, la dubertura dei pòrts de Hyogo e Osaka e una uniformizacion dei taxas a 5% <sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Per far pression sus l'emperaire, una flòta foguèt mandada a Hyogo en 1865 e l'emperaire finiguèt per calhar e autorizar lo shogun de negociar ambé leis estrangiers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fin_dau_shogunat">Fin dau shogunat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modificar la seccion : Fin dau shogunat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=9" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Fin dau shogunat"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Succès_militars_dau_shogunat_e_restauracion_provisòria_de_son_govèrn"><span id="Succ.C3.A8s_militars_dau_shogunat_e_restauracion_provis.C3.B2ria_de_son_gov.C3.A8rn"></span>Succès militars dau shogunat e restauracion provisòria de son govèrn</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modificar la seccion : Succès militars dau shogunat e restauracion provisòria de son govèrn" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=10" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Succès militars dau shogunat e restauracion provisòria de son govèrn"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Tokugawa_Yoshinobu_organizing_defenses_at_Osaka_castle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Tokugawa_Yoshinobu_organizing_defenses_at_Osaka_castle.jpg/220px-Tokugawa_Yoshinobu_organizing_defenses_at_Osaka_castle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Tokugawa_Yoshinobu_organizing_defenses_at_Osaka_castle.jpg/330px-Tokugawa_Yoshinobu_organizing_defenses_at_Osaka_castle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Tokugawa_Yoshinobu_organizing_defenses_at_Osaka_castle.jpg/440px-Tokugawa_Yoshinobu_organizing_defenses_at_Osaka_castle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3041" data-file-height="2189" /></a><figcaption>Organizacion de la defensa dau palais imperiau per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tokugawa_Yoshinobu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tokugawa Yoshinobu (la pagina existís pas)">Tokugawa Yoshinobu</a> pendent la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rev%C3%B2uta_Hamaguri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revòuta Hamaguri (la pagina existís pas)">revòuta Hamaguri</a> en <a href="/wiki/1864" class="mw-redirect" title="1864">1864</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Entre 1864 e 1867, data de sa dissolucion nominala, lo shogunat retrobèt una partida importanta de son poder e de son influéncia. D'efèct, lo 20 d'aost de 1864, capitèt de repossar puei d'esquichar una revòuta a Kyoto sostenguda per lo clan Choshu. Una expedicion punitiva, mandada en setembre, obtenguèt per la seguida lo deliurament dei caps de la rebellion refugiats sus lo territòri Choshu. Foguèron condamnats a mòrt. De mai, entre mai de 1864 e genier de 1865, una autra rebellion, la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rebellion_Mito&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rebellion Mito (la pagina existís pas)">rebellion Mito</a>, foguèt egalament desfacha per leis armadas dau shogunat maugrat unei victòrias inicialas deis insurgents <sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Coma per la revòuta de Kyoto, la repression foguèt saunosa<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Lei basas dau govèrn tradicionau foguèron donc installadas tornarmai e lo movement anti-shogunat reprimit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Segonda_expedicion_punitiva_contra_lo_clan_Choshu_e_fin_nominala_dau_shogunat">Segonda expedicion punitiva contra lo clan Choshu e fin nominala dau shogunat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modificar la seccion : Segonda expedicion punitiva contra lo clan Choshu e fin nominala dau shogunat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=11" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Segonda expedicion punitiva contra lo clan Choshu e fin nominala dau shogunat"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Modernized_troops_of_the_Second_Choshu_Expedition_1865.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Modernized_troops_of_the_Second_Choshu_Expedition_1865.jpg/220px-Modernized_troops_of_the_Second_Choshu_Expedition_1865.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Modernized_troops_of_the_Second_Choshu_Expedition_1865.jpg/330px-Modernized_troops_of_the_Second_Choshu_Expedition_1865.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Modernized_troops_of_the_Second_Choshu_Expedition_1865.jpg/440px-Modernized_troops_of_the_Second_Choshu_Expedition_1865.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2825" data-file-height="1999" /></a><figcaption>Representacion dei tropas modèrnas dau shogunat durant la segonda expedicion Choshu.</figcaption></figure> <p>Lo declin definitiu dau shogunat foguèt entraïnat per sa desfacha durant la segonda expedicion punitiva contra lo clan Choshu. Acomençada en 1866, l'expedicion foguèt desfacha per l'aliança e lei fòrças modèrnas dei clans Choshu e Satsuma. De mai, lo shogun Tokugawa Iemochi moriguèt, bessai d'empoisonament, la mema annada e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tokugawa_Yoshinobu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tokugawa Yoshinobu (la pagina existís pas)">Tokugawa Yoshinobu</a> venguèt lo shogun novèu. Capitèt d'establir un alta-au-fuòc mai lo prestigi dau shogunat èra d'ara endavant grèvament afectat. Puei, lo 30 de genier de 1867, l'emperaire Komei moriguèt e son jove fiu Meiji li succediguèt enterin que l'influéncia de la rebellion Choshu-Satsuma aumentava. Lo shogun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tokugawa_Yoshinobu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tokugawa Yoshinobu (la pagina existís pas)">Tokugawa Yoshinobu</a> prepausèt donc de rendre son poder a l'emperaire. La fin dau shogunat aguèt oficialament luòc lo 9 de novembre de 1867<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Dins aquò, lo poder dei Tokugawa èra ja fòrça important e l'estructura de son govèrn totjorn en plaça. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Guèrra_Boshin"><span id="Gu.C3.A8rra_Boshin"></span>Guèrra Boshin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modificar la seccion : Guèrra Boshin" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=12" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Guèrra Boshin"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Gu%C3%A8rra_Boshin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Gu%C3%A8rra_Boshin.jpg/500px-Gu%C3%A8rra_Boshin.jpg" decoding="async" width="500" height="416" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Gu%C3%A8rra_Boshin.jpg/750px-Gu%C3%A8rra_Boshin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Gu%C3%A8rra_Boshin.jpg/1000px-Gu%C3%A8rra_Boshin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1161" data-file-height="965" /></a><figcaption>Operacions principalas de la guèrra Boshin entre lei fòrças imperialas (en roge) e aquelei opausadas a l'emperaire (en blau).</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Restauracion_de_l'emperaire_e_començament_de_la_guèrra"><span id="Restauracion_de_l.27emperaire_e_comen.C3.A7ament_de_la_gu.C3.A8rra"></span>Restauracion de l'emperaire e començament de la guèrra</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modificar la seccion : Restauracion de l'emperaire e començament de la guèrra" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=13" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Restauracion de l'emperaire e començament de la guèrra"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Maugrat la fin dau shogunat prononciada per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tokugawa_Yoshinobu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tokugawa Yoshinobu (la pagina existís pas)">Tokugawa Yoshinobu</a>, lei relacions entre lei doas faccions èran encara tendudas. La rompedura aguèt finalament luòc au començament de l'annada 1868 e la guèrra civila acomencèt rapidament en genier. D'efèct, lei clans pus engatjats, principalament Satsuma e Choshu, dins lo camp de l'emperaire crenhèron que la fin dau shogunat proclamada per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tokugawa_Yoshinobu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tokugawa Yoshinobu (la pagina existís pas)">Tokugawa Yoshinobu</a> foguèsse solament una manòbra per gardar un poder non oficiau important. Lo 3 de genier de 1868, de tropas dei dos clans ataquèron lo palais imperiau per liberar l'emperaire que proclamèt la restauracion de son poder. Puei, e mai se la majoritat dei senhors desiravan contuniar la collaboracion ambé lei Tokugawa, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saigo_Takamori&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saigo Takamori (la pagina existís pas)">Saigo Takamori</a> dau clan Satsuma, menacèt de suprimir lo títol de shogun e de sasir lei tèrras Tokugawa. </p><p>De son caire, lo shogun, inicialament d'acòrd ambé la proclamacion de l'emperaire, s'estimèt plus liat per aquela lo 17 de genier<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Aquela decision foguèt presa après la destruccion dau castèu d'Edo, una residéncia dau shogun, e l'ataca d'un burèu dau govèrn per de partisans dau clan Satsuma. L'endeman, lei fòrças dau shogun ataquèron donc lo palais dau daimyo Satsuma a Edo. Quauquei personas foguèron capturadas o tuadas<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Après aqueleis eveniments, una guèrra civila dubèrta, dicha guèrra Boshin, comencèt rapidament. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Batalha_de_Toba-Fushimi_e_presa_d'Osaka"><span id="Batalha_de_Toba-Fushimi_e_presa_d.27Osaka"></span>Batalha de Toba-Fushimi e presa d'Osaka</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modificar la seccion : Batalha de Toba-Fushimi e presa d'Osaka" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=14" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Batalha de Toba-Fushimi e presa d'Osaka"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lo 27 de genier de 1868, 15 000 soudats dei fòrças dau shogunat ataquèron 5 000 combatents dei tropas dei clans Satsuma e Choshu a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Toba-Fushimi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toba-Fushimi (la pagina existís pas)">Toba e Fushimi</a>, vèrs l'intrada sud de Kyoto. Equipats d'armas modèrnas mentre qu'una partida importanta dei tropas Tokugawa avián encara sei materiaus feudaus, lei clans Choshu e Satsuma resistiguèron. De mai, venguèron oficialament l'armada imperiala lo 28. Aprofichant lo cambiament de camp de divèrsei senhors entre lo 5 e lo 6 de febrier, capitèron donc de rebutar l'armada dau shogun. Après aquela desfacha, Tokugawa Yoshinobu, se retirèt a Edo e son prestigi èra entamenat<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. L'armada imperiala acomencèt d'avançar e prenguèt lo castèu d'Osaka lo 8 en causa de la retirada dei fòrças dau shogun. </p><p>En revenge, sus lo teatre navau, la flòta imperiala èra pas encara capabla de batre lei naviris shogunaus. Foguèt batuda a <a href="/wiki/Batalha_d%27Awa" title="Batalha d'Awa">Awa</a> lo 28 de genier e perdiguèt un naviri. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neutralitat_dei_país_estrangiers"><span id="Neutralitat_dei_pa.C3.ADs_estrangiers"></span>Neutralitat dei país estrangiers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Modificar la seccion : Neutralitat dei país estrangiers" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=15" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Neutralitat dei país estrangiers"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:KoshuKatsunuma.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/KoshuKatsunuma.jpg/220px-KoshuKatsunuma.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/KoshuKatsunuma.jpg/330px-KoshuKatsunuma.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/KoshuKatsunuma.jpg/440px-KoshuKatsunuma.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="766" /></a><figcaption>Representacion de la <a href="/wiki/Batalha_de_Koshu-Katsunuma" title="Batalha de Koshu-Katsunuma">batalha de Koshu-Katsunuma</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Satsuma-samurai-during-boshin-war-period.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Satsuma-samurai-during-boshin-war-period.jpg/220px-Satsuma-samurai-during-boshin-war-period.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Satsuma-samurai-during-boshin-war-period.jpg/330px-Satsuma-samurai-during-boshin-war-period.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Satsuma-samurai-during-boshin-war-period.jpg/440px-Satsuma-samurai-during-boshin-war-period.jpg 2x" data-file-width="999" data-file-height="786" /></a><figcaption>Samurai dau clan Satsuma durant la guèrra Boshin.</figcaption></figure> <p>Divèrsei país estrangiers tenián d'interès au Japon e assaièron d'intervenir au començament de la guèrra Boshin. Pasmens, pauc a pauc, après de negociacions ambé l'emperaire e fàcia a l'intransigéncia dau shogun, evolucionèron vèrs una neutralitat mai o mens respectada. </p><p>D'efèct, en febrier, leis Occidentaus reünits dins lo pòrt dubèrt de Hyogo declarèron que lo shogunat èra totjorn considerat coma lo govèrn legitim dau Japon. Aquela declaracion permetèt l'espèr d'una intervencion occidentala, especialament francesa, per ajudar lo shogunat. Dins aquò, una delegacion imperiala venguèt a Hyogo quauquei jorns après aquela declaracion. Lei diplomatas de l'emperaire rementèron l'abolicion dau shogunat e prometèron lo respèct dei tractats e la proteccion deis estrangiers. Ansin, obtenguèron finalament la reconoissença internacionala dau govèrn de l'emperaire. Pasmens, la reconoissença de l'emperaire arrestèt pas lo movement e leis atacas antiestrangiers. Per exemple, 11 marins francés foguèron tuats per un clan favorable a l'emperaire lo 8 de març de 1868. L'ambaissador anglés foguèt tanben atacat dins una carriera de Kyoto vèrs la fin dau mes. </p><p>Lo refús de l'ajuda diplomatica francesa per lo shogun acabèt lei poissanças occidentalas de demorar neutras dins la guèrra civila. Aquela ajuda foguèt la proposicion d'un plan prepausat per l'ambaissador <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A9on_Roches&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Léon Roches (la pagina existís pas)">Léon Roches</a> per arrestar l'avançada dei tropas imperialas a Odawara, darrier ponch estrategic avans una ofensiva contra Edo. Léon Roches demissionèt e en març, sota l'influéncia dau Britanic <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harry_Parkes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harry Parkes (la pagina existís pas)">Harry Parkes</a>, les nacions estrangieras concluguèron l'adopcion d'una neutralitat estricta enebissent intervencions dirèctas e liurasons de materiaus. </p><p>Pasmens, aquel acòrd de neutralitat foguèt parcialament respectat car lei Francés ajudèron l'armada dau shogun ambé lo mandadís de conselhiers mai o mens oficiaus per formar de soudats. De mai, d'una maniera generala, lei dos camps capitèron d'obtenir de materiaus de guèrra modèrnes europèus o estatsunidencs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reddicion_d'Edo"><span id="Reddicion_d.27Edo"></span>Reddicion d'Edo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Modificar la seccion : Reddicion d'Edo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=16" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Reddicion d'Edo"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:BakufuTroopsToEzo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/BakufuTroopsToEzo.jpg/220px-BakufuTroopsToEzo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/BakufuTroopsToEzo.jpg/330px-BakufuTroopsToEzo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/BakufuTroopsToEzo.jpg/440px-BakufuTroopsToEzo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="922" data-file-height="560" /></a><figcaption>Tropas d'Enomoto Takeaki en camin per lo nòrd de Japon après la reddicion d'Edo.</figcaption></figure> <p>Après sei premierei victòrias, Saigo Takamori dirigiguèt lei fòrças imperialas vèrs l'èst e lo nòrd de Japon, ganhant la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_de_K%C5%8Dsh%C5%AB-Katsunuma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha de Kōshū-Katsunuma (la pagina existís pas)">batalha de Kōshū-Katsunuma</a> lo 29 de març. Sei tropas poguèron donc enceuclar Edo en mai de 1868, entraïnant la reddicion de la vila e dau shogun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tokugawa_Yoshinobu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tokugawa Yoshinobu (la pagina existís pas)">Tokugawa Yoshinobu</a>. Quauquei grops assaièron de contuniar la lucha mai foguèron vencuts lo 4 de julhet durant la <a href="/wiki/Batalha_d%27Ueno" title="Batalha d'Ueno">batalha d'Ueno</a>. </p><p>Pasmens, lo cap de la flòta Tokugawa, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Enomoto_Takeaki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enomoto Takeaki (la pagina existís pas)">Enomoto Takeaki</a>, refusèt la capitulacion. Amb uech naviris sota dotze e 2 000 òmes, capitèt d'anar vers lei territòris dau nòrd, revoutats contra l'emperaire. Foguèt egalament ajudat per un grop de conselhiers militars francés, especialament <a href="/wiki/Jules_Brunet" title="Jules Brunet">Jules Brunet</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Campanha_contra_la_coalicion_dau_nòrd"><span id="Campanha_contra_la_coalicion_dau_n.C3.B2rd"></span>Campanha contra la coalicion dau nòrd</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Modificar la seccion : Campanha contra la coalicion dau nòrd" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=17" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Campanha contra la coalicion dau nòrd"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:AizuCastle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/AizuCastle.jpg/220px-AizuCastle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/AizuCastle.jpg/330px-AizuCastle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/AizuCastle.jpg/440px-AizuCastle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2818" data-file-height="2032" /></a><figcaption>Castèu d'Aizu parcialament destruch après la batalha d'Aizu.</figcaption></figure> <p>Après la desfacha e la reddicion de Tokugawa Yoshinobu, la màger part de Japon acceptèt lo govèrn e l'autoritat de l'emperaire. Dins aquò, unei senhors dau nòrd, sostenguts per lo clan Aizu, refusèron l'òrdre novèu e formèron una aliança per combatre lei tropas imperialas. En mai de 1868, l'aliança tenguèt lei clans de Sendai, Yonezawa, Aizu, Shonai e Nagaoka. De mai, un prince imperiau aviá fugit au nòrd ambé de partisans dei Tokugawa. Venguèt lo cap nominau de la coalicion. Enfin, la flòta d'Enomoto arribèt a Sendai lo 26 d'aost. Pasmens, maugrat una superioritat numerica importanta, 50 000 combatents, lei fòrças de la coalicion èran mau equipadas maugrat l'obtencion de 3 canons Gatling e de 2 000 fusius francés modèrnes ambé l'ajuda d'un marchand alemand. </p><p>Una campanha relativament corta permetèt de véncer la resisténcia de la coalicion. D'efèct, en mai de 1868, lo daimyo de Nagaoka foguèt atacat. Capitèt d'exercir una resisténcia importanta durant la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_de_Hokuetsu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha de Hokuetsu (la pagina existís pas)">batalha de Hokuetsu</a> e d'infligir de pèrdas autas ais Imperiaus. Pasmens, son castèu foguèt pres lo 19 de mai. Puei, lei tropas de aigo Takamori capitèron de pertusar lei defensas de la coalicion construchas dins la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_de_la_passa_de_Bonari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha de la passa de Bonari (la pagina existís pas)">passa de Bonari</a> per atacar directament lo clan Aizu. Aqueu clan foguèt vencut en octòbre durant la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_d%27Aizu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha d'Aizu (la pagina existís pas)">batalha d'Aizu</a>. En consequéncia, la posicion de Sendai èra desenant indefendabla e la flòta d'Enomoto se retirèt a Hokkaido. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formacion_de_la_Republica_d'Ezo"><span id="Formacion_de_la_Republica_d.27Ezo"></span>Formacion de la Republica d'Ezo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Modificar la seccion : Formacion de la Republica d'Ezo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=18" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Formacion de la Republica d'Ezo"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Members_of_French_Military_Mission_to_Japan_in_1867.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Members_of_French_Military_Mission_to_Japan_in_1867.png/220px-Members_of_French_Military_Mission_to_Japan_in_1867.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Members_of_French_Military_Mission_to_Japan_in_1867.png/330px-Members_of_French_Military_Mission_to_Japan_in_1867.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Members_of_French_Military_Mission_to_Japan_in_1867.png/440px-Members_of_French_Military_Mission_to_Japan_in_1867.png 2x" data-file-width="2216" data-file-height="1796" /></a><figcaption>Fòto de la mission militara francesa au Japon en <a href="/wiki/1866" class="mw-redirect" title="1866">1866</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Après la desfacha sus l'illa d'Honshu, Enomoto Takeaki se retirèt a Hokkaido ambé sa flòta, sei conselhiers francés e 3 000 òmes. Entre lo 20 e lo 26 d'octòbre, eliminèron la resisténcia dau clan Matsumae puei prenguèron lo contraròtle de tota l'illa pendent lo mes de novembre. Pasmens, la flòta perdeguèt dos naviris importants au larg d'Esashi en causa d'una tempèsta. Puei, organizèron un govèrn sus l'illa e proclamèron la Republica d'Ezo lo 25 de decembre de 1868 ambé l'objectiu de formar una nacion independenta. Enomoto foguèt facilament elegit president. Leis autoritats d'Ezo assaièron adonc d'obtenir un sosten internacionau o un acòrd ambé l'emperaire mai leis Estatsunidencs, lei Francés e lei Rus refusèron de reconóisser la republica novèla. Puei, Enomoto prepausèt que l'illa foguèsse dirigida per lo shogun sota l'autoritat de l'emperaire. Dins aquò, aquela proposicion foguèt tanben refusada per lo Conseu Imperiau. Durant lei mes d'ivèrn, lei fòrças d'Ezo fortifiquèron adonc lo sud de l'illa per assaiar de rebutar l'assaut de l'armada imperiala. Un comandament d'oficiers japonés e francés foguèt egalament organizat e quatre bregadas venguèron operacionalas per l'armada d'Ezo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Campanha_d'Hokkaido"><span id="Campanha_d.27Hokkaido"></span>Campanha d'Hokkaido</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Modificar la seccion : Campanha d'Hokkaido" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=19" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Campanha d'Hokkaido"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Stonewall-Kotetsu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Stonewall-Kotetsu.jpg/220px-Stonewall-Kotetsu.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Stonewall-Kotetsu.jpg/330px-Stonewall-Kotetsu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Stonewall-Kotetsu.jpg/440px-Stonewall-Kotetsu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="690" data-file-height="652" /></a><figcaption>Lo naviri imperiau Kotetsu, buta de l'operacion rebèlla de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_de_la_baia_de_Miyako&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha de la baia de Miyako (la pagina existís pas)">baia de Miyako</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Lo 20 de març de 1869, una flòta imperiala agantèt la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_de_la_baia_de_Miyako&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha de la baia de Miyako (la pagina existís pas)">baia de Miyako</a> dins lo nòrd de l'illa d'Honshu. Lo 6 de mai, anticipant lo movement, la flòta d'Ezo assaièt d'atacar e de capturar lo naviri pus poderós de la flòta, lo <i>Kotetsu</i>. Pasmens, en causa dau marrit temps e de la preséncia d'armas modèrnas sus lo naviri, l'assaut contra lo Kotetsu manquèt. </p><p>Aquela revirada permetèt a l'armada de l'emperaire d'atacar directament l'illa d'Hokkaido amb una fòrça de 7 000 soudats desbarcats lo 9 d'abriu. Gràcias a lor superioritat numerica, capitèron de prendre pauc a pauc lei posicions defensivas fins a Hakodate, la capitala de la republica. Puei, entre lo 5 e lo 10 de mai de 1869, dins la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_de_la_baia_d%27Hakodate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha de la baia d'Hakodate (la pagina existís pas)">baia d'Hakodate</a>, la flòta d'Enomoto foguèt destrucha o capturada per lei naviris de l'emperaire. Aquela victòria permetèt ai tropas de l'emperaire de finir l'enceuclament d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_d%27Hakodate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha d'Hakodate (la pagina existís pas)">Hakodate</a> e d'obtenir finalament la capitulacion de sa garnison lo 17 de mai. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Consequéncias"><span id="Consequ.C3.A9ncias"></span>Consequéncias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Modificar la seccion : Consequéncias" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=20" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Consequéncias"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La Restauracion Meiji accelerèt l'industrializacion dau país ja acomençat durant la fin dau shogunat. <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">Japon</a> venguèt donc rapidament una poissança militara importanta, capabla de véncre leis armadas europèas coma en <a href="/wiki/1905" class="mw-redirect" title="1905">1905</a> contra lei tropas russas. </p><p>Au nivèu de la politica interiora japonesa, lo govèrn novèu introduguèt de reformas per afeblir lei sostens dau shogunat abolit (daimyos, clans e samurais) e consolidar son poder. Ansin, una capitala novèla, Tokyo, venguèt lo centre dau poder e lei tèrras Tokugawa, 25% dei tèrras cultivadas, foguèron sasidas per lo govèrn imperiau. Puei, entre 1869 e 1871, leis autrei <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A8u" title="Fèu">fèus</a> foguèron egalament représ per l'emperaire. D'autra part, a partir de <a href="/wiki/1873" class="mw-redirect" title="1873">1873</a>, la casta dei samurais foguèt tanben abolida pauc a pauc maugrat la <a href="/wiki/Rebellion_Satsuma" title="Rebellion Satsuma">rebellion dau clan Satsuma</a> en <a href="/wiki/1877" class="mw-redirect" title="1877">1877</a>. Dins aquò, la màger part dei samurais acceptèt aquelei transformacions e capitèron d'obtenir de pòstes importants dins la societat novèla (oficiers, ensenhants, foncionaris, fabricants d'arma de fuòc...) en causa de sei conoissenças. De mai, l'esperit d'elèit de lor classa subrevisquèt. </p><p>Lei fòrças armadas subiguèron tanben de reformas fòrça importantas ambé la disparicion de la classa dei samurais qu'èra la soleta que podiá tenir d'armas. Aqueu privilègi foguèt estendut a totei leis abitants. De mai, l'armada venguèt una armada de conscripcion amb un servici militar de quatre ans. Enfin, lei samurais poguèron plus portar en vila d'armas mostrant lor estatut ancian. </p><p>Enfin, lo govèrn imperiau desvolopèt fòrtament l'industria japonesa transformant lo país en poissança mondiala modèrna. Per exemple, la produccion de carbon, 600 000 tonas en <a href="/wiki/1875" class="mw-redirect" title="1875">1875</a>, agantèt 21 300 000 tonas en <a href="/wiki/1913" class="mw-redirect" title="1913">1913</a>. Autre exemple, lo nombre de naviris de vapor aumentèt de 26 en <a href="/wiki/1875" class="mw-redirect" title="1875">1875</a> a 1 514 en <a href="/wiki/1913" class="mw-redirect" title="1913">1913</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referéncias"><span id="Refer.C3.A9ncias"></span>Referéncias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Modificar la seccion : Referéncias" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=21" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Referéncias"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">The economic aspects of the history of the civilization of Japan Yosaburō Takekoshi p. 285-86.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Black Ships Off Japan - The Story of Commodore Perry's Expedition</i>, Arthur Walworth p. 21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Arms and men: a study in American military history Walter Millis p. 88.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Satow_34-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Satow_34_4-0">4,0</a></sup> et <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Satow_34_4-1">4,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Satow, Sir Ernest 2006 A Diplomat in Japan Stone Bridge Classics, p. 34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Battle of the Straits of Shimonoséki</i>, www.navyandmarine.org, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.navyandmarine.org/ondeck/1863shimonoseki.htm">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sir Ernest Satow, <i>A Diplomat in Japan</i>, Capíto VIII, <i>The Bombardment of Kagoshima</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Marius B. Janse, <i>The making of modern Japon</i>, Harvard University Press, (2002), pp. 314-315.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"A Diplomat in Japan", Sir Ernest Satow, 2006 Stone Bridge Press, p .86.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"A Diplomat in Japan", Sir Ernest Satow, 2006 Stone Bridge Press, p. 145.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Conrad Totman, <i>The collapse of the Tokugawa Bakufu, 1862-1868</i>, University of Hawai Press (1980), pp. 119-120.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Conrad Totman, <i>The collapse of the Tokugawa Bakufu, 1862-1868</i>, University of Hawai Press (1980), p. 118.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Conrad Totman, <i>The collapse of the Tokugawa Bakufu, 1862-1868</i>, University of Hawai Press (1980), p. 120.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Marius B. Janse, <i>The making of modern Japon</i>, Harvard University Press, (2002), pp. 310-311.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Marius B. Janse, <i>The making of modern Japon</i>, Harvard University Press, (2002), p. 124.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Marius B. Janse, <i>The making of modern Japon</i>, Harvard University Press, (2002), p. 125.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mark Ravina, <i>Last Samurai: The Life and Battles of Saigo Takamori</i>, John Wiley & Sons, 2004.</span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Modificar la seccion : Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&action=edit&section=22" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Bibliografia"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>(en)</b> Paul Akamatsu, Meiji 1868: Revolution and Counter-Revolution in Japan, Harper & Row, New York, 1972, p.</li> <li><b>(en)</b> W.G. Beasley, The Meiji Restoration, Stanford University Press, Stanford, 1972</li> <li><b>(en)</b> W.G. Beasley, The Rise of Modern Japan: Political, Economic and Social Change Since 1850, St. Martin's Press, New York, 1995</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Albert M. Craig, Chōshū in the Meiji Restoration, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1961</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Marius B. Jansen, Japan in Transition: From Tokugawa to Meiji, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1986</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Marius B. Jansen, The Making of Modern Japan, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 2000</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Rhoads Murphey, East Asia: A New History, Addison Wesley Longman, New York, 1997</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Ernest Satow, A Diplomat in Japan (<a href="/wiki/Especial:Obratge_de_refer%C3%A9ncia/4925080288" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 4-925080-28-8</a>)</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Rachel F. Wall, Japan's Century: An Interpretation of Japanese History since the Eighteen-fifties, The Historical Association, London, 1971</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Breen, John, The Imperial Oath of April 1868: ritual, power and politics in Restoration Japan, Monumenta Nipponica, 1996.</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Harry D. Harootunian, Toward Restoration, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1970.</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Najita Tetsuo, The Intellectual Foundations of Modern Japanese Politics, Chicago & London: University of Chicago Press.</li> <li><b>(en)</b> H. Van Straelen, Yoshida Shōin, Forerunner of the Meiji Restoration: A Biographical Study, Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1952.</li> <li><b>(en)</b> David M. Earl, Emperor and Nation in Japan, Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1972.</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Marius B Jansen, Sakamoto Ryōma and the Meiji Restoration, New York: Columbia University Press, 1994.</li> <li><b>(en)</b> W. G. Beasley, The Meiji Restoration, Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 1972.</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Conrad Totman, « From Reformism to Transformism, bakufu Policy 1853 – 1868 », in T. Najita & V. J. Koshmann, Conflict in Modern Japanese History, New Jersay: Princeton University Press, 1988, pp. 62 – 80.</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Jansen, Marius B., « The Meiji Restoration », in Jansen, Marius B. The Cambridge history of Japan, Volume 5: The nineteenth century, New York: Cambridge UP, 1989, pp. 308–366.</li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Recuperada de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&oldid=2366644">https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Restauracion_Meiji&oldid=2366644</a> »</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categorias de la pagina</a> : <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categoria:P%C3%A0gines_amb_mides_d%27imatge_que_contenen_px_addicionals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Categoria:Pàgines amb mides d'imatge que contenen px addicionals (la pagina existís pas)">Pàgines amb mides d'imatge que contenen px addicionals</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Ist%C3%B2ria_de_Japon" title="Categoria:Istòria de Japon">Istòria de Japon</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorias amagadas : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Paginas_amb_de_proprietats_pas_resolgudas" title="Categoria:Paginas amb de proprietats pas resolgudas">Paginas amb de proprietats pas resolgudas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Paginas_utilizant_de_ligams_magics_ISBN" title="Categoria:Paginas utilizant de ligams magics ISBN">Paginas utilizant de ligams magics ISBN</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Aquela pagina es estada modificada pel darrièr còp lo 6 març de 2023 a 20.34.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright"><span style="white-space: normal"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Drech_d%27autor" title="Wikipèdia:Drech d'autor">Drech d'autor</a> : Los tèxtes son disponibles jos <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr">licéncia Creative Commons paternitat pertatge a l’identic</a> ; d’autras condicions se pòdon aplicar. 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