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class="DesignSystem"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="ri-header-container"><h1 class="research-interest-header">Renal Dialysis</h1><div class="counts-container"><div class="div">47,719 papers</div><div class="div">1,552 followers</div></div><div class="definition-container"><div class="ai-powered-callout">AI Powered</div>Renal dialysis is a medical procedure that artificially removes waste products and excess fluid from the blood in individuals with impaired kidney function. It serves to maintain electrolyte balance and prevent complications associated with kidney failure, utilizing either hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis techniques.</div><div class="button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--small js-header-login-url react-login-modal-opener" data-click-track="topics--follow-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"login-button--header"}" rel="nofollow"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><a class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--small" data-click-track="topics--view-all-button" href="/topics"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span>View all topics</a></div></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="main-content-container"><div class="works-container"><div class="nav-container"><ul class="nav-list"><li><a class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--extra-small nav-item active" data-active="" data-click-track="topics--nav-all-papers" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renal_Dialysis">Newest</a></li><li><a class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--extra-small nav-item" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renal_Dialysis/TopPapers">Top papers</a></li><li><a class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--extra-small nav-item" data-click-track="topics--nav-most-cited" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renal_Dialysis/MostCited">Most cited</a></li><li><a class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--extra-small nav-item" data-click-track="topics--nav-most-downloaded" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renal_Dialysis/MostDownloaded">Most downloaded</a></li></ul></div><div class="works"><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128227687/Removal_of_the_Protein_Bound_Solutes_Indican_and_P_Cresol_Sulfate_by_Peritoneal_Dialysis">Removal of the Protein-Bound Solutes Indican and P-Cresol Sulfate by Peritoneal Dialysis</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/NhatNamPham">Nhat Nam Pham</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2008, Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Background and objectives: Protein-bound solutes are poorly cleared by peritoneal dialysis. We examined the hypothesis that plasma concentrations of bound solutes would therefore rise as residual renal function is lost. Design, setting,... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background and objectives: Protein-bound solutes are poorly cleared by peritoneal dialysis. We examined the hypothesis that plasma concentrations of bound solutes would therefore rise as residual renal function is lost. Design, setting, participants, & measurements: Clearances of urea indican and p-cresol sulfate were measured in peritoneal dialysis patients with and without residual function. Results: In patients with residual function, protein binding restricted the peritoneal indican and p-cresol sulfate clearances to 0.3 ؎ 0.1 ml/min, as compared to the peritoneal urea clearance of 5.5 ؎ 1.1 ml/min. The urinary indican and p-cresol sulfate clearances of 2.7 ؎ 2.5 and 1.3 ؎ 1.0 ml/min were closer to the urinary urea clearance of 3.9 ؎ 2.2 ml/min, reflecting the superior ability of native kidney function to clear bound solutes. Urinary clearance thus provided the majority of the total indican and p-cresol sulfate clearances of 3.0 ؎ 2.5 and 1.6 ؎ 1.0 ml/min in patients with residual function but the minority of total urea clearance of 9.4 ؎ 2.2 ml/min. Loss of residual function lowered the total clearances for indican and p-cresol sulfate to 0.5 ؎ 0.2 and 0.4 ؎ 0.2 ml/min, whereas the urea clearance fell only slightly. However there was only a modest increase in the plasma indican level and no increase in the plasma p-cresol sulfate level in patients with no residual function because reduction in the daily removal of these solutes accompanied the reduction in their total clearance rates. Conclusions: Reduction in the removal of indican and p-cresol sulfate kept plasma levels from rising markedly when residual function was lost.</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128227687/Removal_of_the_Protein_Bound_Solutes_Indican_and_P_Cresol_Sulfate_by_Peritoneal_Dialysis"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121843869/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211358/Sleep_quality_predicts_quality_of_life_and_mortality_risk_in_haemodialysis_patients_Results_from_the_Dialysis_Outcomes_and_Practice_Patterns_Study_DOPPS_">Sleep quality predicts quality of life and mortality risk in haemodialysis patients: Results from the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS)</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/HughRayner3">Hugh Rayner</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2007, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Background. Poor sleep quality (SQ) affects many haemodialysis (HD) patients and could potentially predict their morbidity, mortality, quality of life (QOL) and patterns of medication use. Methods. Data on SQ were collected from 11 351... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background. Poor sleep quality (SQ) affects many haemodialysis (HD) patients and could potentially predict their morbidity, mortality, quality of life (QOL) and patterns of medication use. Methods. Data on SQ were collected from 11 351 patients in 308 dialysis units in seven countries in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS) between 1996 and 2001 through a patient self-reported SQ scale, ranging from 0 (worst) to 10 (best). A score of <6 reflected poor SQ. Sleep disturbance was also assessed by self-reported daytime sleepiness, feeling drained and nocturnal awakening. Logistic and multiple linear regression were used to assess predictors of SQ and associations with QOL. Cox regression examined associations with mortality. Analyses accounted for case-mix, facility clustering and country. Results. Nearly half (49%) of patients experienced poor SQ. Mean SQ scores varied by country, ranging from 4.9 in Germany to 6.5 in Japan. Patients with poor SQ were more likely to be prescribed antihistamines, antidepressants, anti-inflammatories, narcotics, gastrointestinal (GI) medications, anti-asthmatics or hypnotics. Physical exercise at least once a week (vs < once a week) was associated with lower odds of poor SQ (AOR = 0.55-0.85, P < 0.05). Poorer SQ was associated with significantly lower mental and physical component summary (MCS/PCS) scores (MCS scores 1.9-13.2 points lower and PCS scores 1.5-7.7 points lower when SQ scores were <10 vs 10). The RR of mortality was 16% higher for HD patients with poor SQ.</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211358/Sleep_quality_predicts_quality_of_life_and_mortality_risk_in_haemodialysis_patients_Results_from_the_Dialysis_Outcomes_and_Practice_Patterns_Study_DOPPS_"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121830877/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211357/Recovery_Time_Quality_of_Life_and_Mortality_in_Hemodialysis_Patients_The_Dialysis_Outcomes_and_Practice_Patterns_Study_DOPPS_">Recovery Time, Quality of Life, and Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients: The Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS)</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/HughRayner3">Hugh Rayner</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2014, American Journal of Kidney Diseases</p></div><div class="summary">Background-There is limited information about the clinical and prognostic significance of patient-reported recovery time. Study Design-Prospective cohort study.</div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211357/Recovery_Time_Quality_of_Life_and_Mortality_in_Hemodialysis_Patients_The_Dialysis_Outcomes_and_Practice_Patterns_Study_DOPPS_"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121830876/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211355/Dialysate_Sodium_Concentration_and_the_Association_with_Interdialytic_Weight_Gain_Hospitalization_and_Mortality">Dialysate Sodium Concentration and the Association with Interdialytic Weight Gain, Hospitalization, and Mortality</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/HughRayner3">Hugh Rayner</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2012, Clinical Journal of The American Society of Nephrology</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Background and objectives Recommendations to decrease the dialysate sodium (DNa) prescription demand analyses of patient outcomes. We analyzed morbidity and mortality at various levels of DNa, simultaneously accounting for interdialytic... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background and objectives Recommendations to decrease the dialysate sodium (DNa) prescription demand analyses of patient outcomes. We analyzed morbidity and mortality at various levels of DNa, simultaneously accounting for interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) and for the mortality risk associated with lower predialysis serum sodium (SNa) levels. Design, setting, participants, & measurements We used multiply-adjusted linear mixed models to evaluate the magnitude of IDWG and Cox proportional hazards models to assess hospitalizations and deaths in 29,593 patients from the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study with baseline DNa and SNa as predictors, categorized according to lowest to highest levels. Results IDWG increased with higher DNa across all SNa categories, by 0.17% of body weight per 2 mEq/L higher DNa; however, higher DNa was not associated with higher mortality in a fully adjusted model (also adjusted for SNa; hazard ratio [HR]=0.98 per 2 mEq/L higher DNa, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.95-1.02). Instead, higher DNa was associated with lower hospitalization risk (HR=0.97 per 2 mEq/L higher DNa, 95% CI 0.95-1.00, P=0.04). Additional adjustments for IDWG did not change these results. In sensitivity analyses restricted to study facilities, in which 90%-100% of patients have the same DNa (56%), the adjusted HR for mortality was 0.88 per 2 mEq/L higher DNa (95% CI 0.83-0.94). These analyses represented a pseudo-randomized experiment in which the association between DNa and mortality is unlikely to have been confounded by indication. In the absence of randomized prospective studies, the benefit of reducing IDWG by decreasing DNa prescriptions should be carefully weighed against an increased risk for adverse outcomes.</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211355/Dialysate_Sodium_Concentration_and_the_Association_with_Interdialytic_Weight_Gain_Hospitalization_and_Mortality"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121830873/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211353/Significance_of_Interdialytic_Weight_Gain_versus_Chronic_Volume_Overload_Consensus_Opinion">Significance of Interdialytic Weight Gain versus Chronic Volume Overload: Consensus Opinion</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/HughRayner3">Hugh Rayner</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2013, American Journal of Nephrology</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">By contrast, the magnitude of the mortality risk associated with IDWG is much smaller and only evident with very large weight gains. Here we review the available evidence on volume overload and IDWG, and question the use of IDWG as an... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">By contrast, the magnitude of the mortality risk associated with IDWG is much smaller and only evident with very large weight gains. Here we review the available evidence on volume overload and IDWG, and question the use of IDWG as an indicator of 'nonadherence' by describing its association with postdialysis volume depletion. We also demonstrate the relationship between IDWG, volume overload and predialysis serum sodium concentration, and comment on salt intake. Discriminating between volume overload and IDWG will likely lead to a more appropriate management of fluid withdrawal during dialysis. Consensually, the present authors agree that this discrimination should be among the primary goals for dialysis caretakers today. In consequence, we recommend objective measures of volume status beyond mere evaluations of IDWG.</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211353/Significance_of_Interdialytic_Weight_Gain_versus_Chronic_Volume_Overload_Consensus_Opinion"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121830869/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211343/Mortality_and_hospitalization_in_haemodialysis_patients_in_five_European_countries_results_from_the_Dialysis_Outcomes_and_Practice_Patterns_Study_DOPPS_">Mortality and hospitalization in haemodialysis patients in five European countries: results from the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS)</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/HughRayner3">Hugh Rayner</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2004, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Background. Mortality and hospitalization rates are reported for nationally representative random samples of haemodialysis patients treated at randomly selected dialysis facilities in five European countries participating in the Dialysis... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background. Mortality and hospitalization rates are reported for nationally representative random samples of haemodialysis patients treated at randomly selected dialysis facilities in five European countries participating in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Pattern Study (DOPPS) (France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK). Results. In the UK, 28.1% of haemodialysis patients received prior peritoneal dialysis treatment compared with 4.2-8.3% in other countries. Kidney transplantation rates ranged from 3.3 (per 100 patient years) in Italy to 11.6 in Spain. The relative risk (RR) of mortality, adjusted for age, sex and diabetes status was significantly higher in the UK (RR ¼ 1.39, P ¼ 0.02) compared with Italy (reference) and increased in association with age (RR ¼ 1.60 for every 10 years older, P <0.001), diabetes as cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (RR ¼ 1.55, P < 0.001), male patients <65 years (RR ¼ 1.29, P ¼ 0.02) and peritoneal dialysis in the 12 months prior to starting haemodialysis (RR ¼ 1.72, P ¼ 0.06). Hospitalization for cardiovascular disease was highest in France and Germany (0.40 and 0.43 hospitalizations per patient year, respectively) and lowest in the UK (0.19), although cardiovascular comorbidity was similar in the UK and France. Hospitalization rates for vascular access-related infection ranged from 0.01 hospitalizations per patient year in Italy to 0.08 in the UK, consistent with the higher dialysis catheter use in the UK (25%) vs Italy (5%). Hospitalization risk was significantly higher in France than in other Euro-DOPPS countries and was significantly (P < 0.05) associated with prior peritoneal dialysis therapy, peripheral vascular disease, gastrointestinal bleeding in the prior 12 months, diabetes, cancer, cardiac disease, psychiatric disease and recent onset of ESRD (within 30 days of study entry). Conclusions. The large differences in haemodialysis practice and outcomes in the Euro-DOPPS countries suggest opportunities for improvement in patient care.</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211343/Mortality_and_hospitalization_in_haemodialysis_patients_in_five_European_countries_results_from_the_Dialysis_Outcomes_and_Practice_Patterns_Study_DOPPS_"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121830888/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211342/Sleep_quality_predicts_quality_of_life_and_mortality_risk_in_haemodialysis_patients_Results_from_the_Dialysis_Outcomes_and_Practice_Patterns_Study_DOPPS_">Sleep quality predicts quality of life and mortality risk in haemodialysis patients: Results from the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS)</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/HughRayner3">Hugh Rayner</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2007, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Background. Poor sleep quality (SQ) affects many haemodialysis (HD) patients and could potentially predict their morbidity, mortality, quality of life (QOL) and patterns of medication use. Methods. Data on SQ were collected from 11 351... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background. Poor sleep quality (SQ) affects many haemodialysis (HD) patients and could potentially predict their morbidity, mortality, quality of life (QOL) and patterns of medication use. Methods. Data on SQ were collected from 11 351 patients in 308 dialysis units in seven countries in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS) between 1996 and 2001 through a patient self-reported SQ scale, ranging from 0 (worst) to 10 (best). A score of <6 reflected poor SQ. Sleep disturbance was also assessed by self-reported daytime sleepiness, feeling drained and nocturnal awakening. Logistic and multiple linear regression were used to assess predictors of SQ and associations with QOL. Cox regression examined associations with mortality. Analyses accounted for case-mix, facility clustering and country. Results. Nearly half (49%) of patients experienced poor SQ. Mean SQ scores varied by country, ranging from 4.9 in Germany to 6.5 in Japan. Patients with poor SQ were more likely to be prescribed antihistamines, antidepressants, anti-inflammatories, narcotics, gastrointestinal (GI) medications, anti-asthmatics or hypnotics. Physical exercise at least once a week (vs < once a week) was associated with lower odds of poor SQ (AOR = 0.55-0.85, P < 0.05). Poorer SQ was associated with significantly lower mental and physical component summary (MCS/PCS) scores (MCS scores 1.9-13.2 points lower and PCS scores 1.5-7.7 points lower when SQ scores were <10 vs 10). The RR of mortality was 16% higher for HD patients with poor SQ.</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211342/Sleep_quality_predicts_quality_of_life_and_mortality_risk_in_haemodialysis_patients_Results_from_the_Dialysis_Outcomes_and_Practice_Patterns_Study_DOPPS_"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121830862/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211340/Dialysate_Sodium_Concentration_and_the_Association_with_Interdialytic_Weight_Gain_Hospitalization_and_Mortality">Dialysate Sodium Concentration and the Association with Interdialytic Weight Gain, Hospitalization, and Mortality</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/HughRayner3">Hugh Rayner</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2011, Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Summary Background and objectives Recommendations to decrease the dialysate sodium (DNa) prescription demand analyses of patient outcomes. We analyzed morbidity and mortality at various levels of DNa, simultaneously accounting for... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Summary Background and objectives Recommendations to decrease the dialysate sodium (DNa) prescription demand analyses of patient outcomes. We analyzed morbidity and mortality at various levels of DNa, simultaneously accounting for interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) and for the mortality risk associated with lower predialysis serum sodium (SNa) levels. Design, setting, participants, & measurements We used multiply-adjusted linear mixed models to evaluate the magnitude of IDWG and Cox proportional hazards models to assess hospitalizations and deaths in 29,593 patients from the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study with baseline DNa and SNa as predictors, categorized according to lowest to highest levels. Results IDWG increased with higher DNa across all SNa categories, by 0.17% of body weight per 2 mEq/L higher DNa; however, higher DNa was not associated with higher mortality in a fully adjusted model (also adjusted for SNa; hazard ratio [HR]=0.98 per 2 mEq/L higher DNa, 95% con...</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211340/Dialysate_Sodium_Concentration_and_the_Association_with_Interdialytic_Weight_Gain_Hospitalization_and_Mortality"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121830886/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211339/Significance_of_Interdialytic_Weight_Gain_versus_Chronic_Volume_Overload_Consensus_Opinion">Significance of Interdialytic Weight Gain versus Chronic Volume Overload: Consensus Opinion</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/HughRayner3">Hugh Rayner</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2013, American Journal of Nephrology</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Predialysis volume overload is the sum of interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) and residual postdialysis volume overload. It results mostly from failure to achieve an adequate volume status at the end of the dialysis session. Recent... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Predialysis volume overload is the sum of interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) and residual postdialysis volume overload. It results mostly from failure to achieve an adequate volume status at the end of the dialysis session. Recent developments in bioimpedance spectroscopy and possibly relative plasma volume monitoring permit noninvasive volume status assessment in hemodialysis patients. A large proportion of patients have previously been shown to be chronically volume overloaded predialysis (defined as &gt;15% above ‘normal&#39; extracellular fluid volume, equivalent to &gt;2.5 liters on average), and to exhibit a more than twofold increased mortality risk. By contrast, the magnitude of the mortality risk associated with IDWG is much smaller and only evident with very large weight gains. Here we review the available evidence on volume overload and IDWG, and question the use of IDWG as an indicator of ‘nonadherence&#39; by describing its association with postdialysis volume depletion. ...</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211339/Significance_of_Interdialytic_Weight_Gain_versus_Chronic_Volume_Overload_Consensus_Opinion"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121830860/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211338/Travel_Time_to_Dialysis_as_a_Predictor_of_Health_Related_Quality_of_Life_Adherence_and_Mortality_The_Dialysis_Outcomes_and_Practice_Patterns_Study_DOPPS_">Travel Time to Dialysis as a Predictor of Health-Related Quality of Life, Adherence, and Mortality: The Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS)</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/HughRayner3">Hugh Rayner</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2008, American Journal of Kidney Diseases</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Background: Longer travel time to the dialysis unit creates a substantial burden for many patients. This study evaluated the effect of self-reported 1-way travel time to hemodialysis on mortality, health-related quality of life (HR-QOL),... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background: Longer travel time to the dialysis unit creates a substantial burden for many patients. This study evaluated the effect of self-reported 1-way travel time to hemodialysis on mortality, health-related quality of life (HR-QOL), adherence, withdrawal from dialysis therapy, hospitalization, and transplantation. Study Design: Prospective observational cohort. Setting & Participants: Patients enrolled in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practices Patterns Study who completed a patient questionnaire (n ϭ 20,994). Predictor: One-way travel time to hemodialysis treatment, categorized as 15 or less, 16 to 30, 31 to 60, and longer than 60 minutes. Covariates included demographics, comorbid conditions, serum albumin level, time on dialysis therapy, and country. Outcome & Measurement: HR-QOL was examined by using a linear mixed model. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to examine associations with mortality, withdrawal from dialysis therapy, hospitalization, and transplantation. Results: Longer travel time was associated with greater adjusted relative risk (RR) of death (P ϭ 0.05 for overall trend). Adjusted HR-QOL subscales were significantly lower for those with longer travel times compared with those traveling 15 minutes or less. There were no associations of travel time with withdrawal from dialysis therapy (P ϭ 0.6), hospitalization (P ϭ 0.4), or transplantation (P ϭ 0.7). Limitations: The questionnaire nonresponse rate was substantial, and nonresponders were older, with more comorbid conditions. Travel time was assessed by using a single nonvalidated question. Conclusions: Longer travel time is associated significantly with greater mortality risk and decreased HR-QOL. Exploring opportunities to decrease travel time should be incorporated into the dialysis clinical routine.</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211338/Travel_Time_to_Dialysis_as_a_Predictor_of_Health_Related_Quality_of_Life_Adherence_and_Mortality_The_Dialysis_Outcomes_and_Practice_Patterns_Study_DOPPS_"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121830897/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211336/Recovery_Time_Quality_of_Life_and_Mortality_in_Hemodialysis_Patients_The_Dialysis_Outcomes_and_Practice_Patterns_Study_DOPPS_">Recovery Time, Quality of Life, and Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients: The Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS)</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/HughRayner3">Hugh Rayner</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2014, American Journal of Kidney Diseases</p></div><div class="summary">Background-There is limited information about the clinical and prognostic significance of patient-reported recovery time. Study Design-Prospective cohort study.</div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211336/Recovery_Time_Quality_of_Life_and_Mortality_in_Hemodialysis_Patients_The_Dialysis_Outcomes_and_Practice_Patterns_Study_DOPPS_"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121830884/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211335/Dialysate_Sodium_Prescription_and_Blood_Pressure_in_Hemodialysis_Patients">Dialysate Sodium Prescription and Blood Pressure in Hemodialysis Patients</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/HughRayner3">Hugh Rayner</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2014, American Journal of Hypertension</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">In the general population, the pathogenesis of hypertension has been linked to higher sodium intake, 1 with disagreement on the association with cardiovascular events, 2,3 as well as the possible consequences regarding salt intake. In the... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In the general population, the pathogenesis of hypertension has been linked to higher sodium intake, 1 with disagreement on the association with cardiovascular events, 2,3 as well as the possible consequences regarding salt intake. In the hemodialysis population, even blood pressure management remains highly controversial, 7-9 possibly because epidemiological studies have failed to incriminate hypertension as a cardiovascular risk factor 10 and because definitive clinical trials are missing. 11 By conventional wisdom, dietary sodium restriction, sodium removal by ultrafiltration, and diffusive sodium transport on dialysis have been considered key elements in control of hypertension in dialysis patients. Sodium removal occurs during dialysis primarily by convection through isotonic ultrafiltration. With respect to diffusive sodium transport, intradialytic sodium loading through high dialysate sodium (DNa) prescriptions has been considered "evil" 15 and recommended to be avoided, per previous practice guidelines. A strategy of aligning DNa with serum sodium (SNa) concentration has been advocated to reduce blood pressure, interdialytic weight gain (IDWG), and intradialytic symptoms. 17 Similarly,</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211335/Dialysate_Sodium_Prescription_and_Blood_Pressure_in_Hemodialysis_Patients"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121830859/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211325/International_Comparisons_of_Prevalence_Awareness_and_Treatment_of_Pruritus_in_People_on_Hemodialysis">International Comparisons of Prevalence, Awareness, and Treatment of Pruritus in People on Hemodialysis</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/HughRayner3">Hugh Rayner</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2017, Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Background and objectives Uremic pruritus in patients on hemodialysis is associated with depression, lower quality of life, and mortality. We studied the prevalence, awareness, and treatment of pruritus to assess how well this important... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background and objectives Uremic pruritus in patients on hemodialysis is associated with depression, lower quality of life, and mortality. We studied the prevalence, awareness, and treatment of pruritus to assess how well this important condition is currently managed internationally. Design, setting, participants, & measurements Data from 35,452 patients on hemodialysis in up to 17 countries from the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study were analyzed to describe pruritus prevalence from 1996 to 2015. Data from 6256 patients and 268 medical directors in 17 countries in 2012–2015 were analyzed to describe predictors, effects, medical directors’ awareness, and treatment of pruritus. Results Patients very much or extremely bothered by itching declined from 28% in 1996 to 18% in 2015. In 2012–2015, among patients nearly always or always bothered by itching, pruritus had a major effect on work and social life; 18% used no treatment for pruritus, and 17% did not report itching to ...</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128211325/International_Comparisons_of_Prevalence_Awareness_and_Treatment_of_Pruritus_in_People_on_Hemodialysis"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121830858/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128208287/Natural_history_of_asymptomatic_coronary_arteriographic_lesions_in_diabetic_patients_with_end_stage_renal_disease">Natural history of asymptomatic coronary arteriographic lesions in diabetic patients with end-stage renal disease</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/JohnBarry138">John Barry</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">1978, The American Journal of Medicine</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Arteriosclerotic heart disease is a major cause of death in insulinrequiring juvenile diabetic patients treated for end-stage renal disease. Eleven consecutive diabetic pattents without clinical evidence of coronary artery disease... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Arteriosclerotic heart disease is a major cause of death in insulinrequiring juvenile diabetic patients treated for end-stage renal disease. Eleven consecutive diabetic pattents without clinical evidence of coronary artery disease underwent complete cardiac evaluations, including coronary artericylraphy, as part of transplant recipient work-ups. Seven were women and four were men; their mean age was 32 (21 to 50 years). Angiographically, every pattent had multifocal atherosclerotic coronary disease. Four of seven pattents tested had positive-stress electrocardiograms. In this group of patients followed for a mean of 19.8 months, eight died. Of these deaths, six were due to coronary heart disease and another due to a stroke. In two patients who became clinically symptomatic, serial angiograms revealed progressive disease of the coronary circulation; in one case, despite normal renal allograft function and serum lipid levels. The mode of end-stage renal disease treatment, serum lipids or blood pressure control could not be linked to mortality. It is concluded that arteriosclerotic heart disease is common in diabetic patients with end-stage renal disease even when angina is absent. The natural history in this high risk population is an important constderation in the selection of patients for end-stage renal disease treatment.</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128208287/Natural_history_of_asymptomatic_coronary_arteriographic_lesions_in_diabetic_patients_with_end_stage_renal_disease"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121828425/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128199953/Laboratory_confirmation_ofAmanita_smithianamushroom_poisoning">Laboratory confirmation ofAmanita smithianamushroom poisoning</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/PKroeger">Paul Kroeger</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2013, Clinical Toxicology</p></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128199953/Laboratory_confirmation_ofAmanita_smithianamushroom_poisoning"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121821090/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128192423/Microbiological_purity_of_dialysate_for_on_line_substitution_fluid_preparation">Microbiological purity of dialysate for on‐line substitution fluid preparation</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/bernardcanaud">bernard canaud</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2000, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">in recent years since it was shown that low levels of endotoxin in dialysate were able to induce the produc-Microbiological dialysate contamination was a probtion of proinflammatory cytokines, which were putatlem which was relatively... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">in recent years since it was shown that low levels of endotoxin in dialysate were able to induce the produc-Microbiological dialysate contamination was a probtion of proinflammatory cytokines, which were putatlem which was relatively ignored by nephrologists until ively implicated in the development of dialysis-related the 1990s [1-5]. Concerns about dialysate purity have pathology. On-line haemodiafiltration (HDF; or been raised more recently for two main reasons: first, haemofiltration) using the dialysate as the source of the extensive use of sodium bicarbonate as dialysate substitution fluid magnifies this risk and reinforces the buffer, favouring bacteriological proliferation, was critical role of the dialysate quality to be used. In order implicated in the occurrence of pyrogenic reactions to virtually abolish the risk related to dialysate contam- [6,7]; secondly, the presence of endotoxin in the dialysis inants, it is mandatory to ensure the highest purity of fluid was associated with the production of prothe dialysate used in order that the substitution fluid inflammatory cytokines putatively implicated in the produced satisfies the quality demands of a sterile and dialysis-related pathology of long-term end-stage renal pyrogen-free infusion solution. Ultrapure dialysate disease ( ESRD) patients [8][11]. production is therefore a common need for all on-line Over the last 10 years, several lines of evidence have systems where substitution fluid is prepared continuaccumulated showing that microbiological purity is a ously by sterilizing filtration of the dialysate. However, major and critical component of the complex haemosince dialysate purity plays a role in the complex compatibility network [15]. Endotoxin and bachaemocompatibility interaction which occurs during terial-derived products at low levels have been the haemodialysis session, the use of ultrapure dialysate implicated in the blood-dialysis interaction [16 ]. must be considered as a suitable option for all haemo-Bacterial-derived compounds may activate blood cells dialysis modalities. To achieve this goal, one must keep such as monocyte/macrophage cells either directly by in mind that ultrapure dialysate and infusate result transmembrane passage or indirectly via mediators from a complex chain of production where ultrapurity released during blood-membrane interaction (e.g. and/or sterility of the final solution relies on the C5a) [18][19]. weakest or worst component of the chain. Reliable Concern about dialysate purity has grown in recent production of ultrapure dialysate and infusate relies years and influences all haemodialysis modalities, and on several prerequisites: use of ultrapure water, use of is no longer restricted to methods that use highly clean electrolytic concentrates, implementation of permeable membranes [20]. Indeed, it was shown ultrafilters on specifically designed HDF machines, that low levels of endotoxin in the dialysate were able microbiological monitoring of the chain with adequate to induce the production of cytokines despite the use and sensitive methods, and hygienic handling of the of low permeability cellulosic membranes 26 ]. chain including frequent disinfection to reduce the level Activation of blood cells in this context appears to be of contamination and to prevent biofilm formation. the result of serial phenomena, involving the dialysis When properly done, the safety and reliability of membrane as a cell primer and bacterial-derived prodon-line systems have been confirmed in large clinical ucts (LPS, LPA and others) present in the dialysate as studies. It is now time to validate the on-line process a synergistic and boostering action on cells inducing in large controlled clinical trials. the release of proinflammatory cytokines . Transmembrane passage of bacterial-derived products from the dialysate to blood, known as back-transport, has been documented in several studies occurring either</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128192423/Microbiological_purity_of_dialysate_for_on_line_substitution_fluid_preparation"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121814731/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128185344/Caracter%C3%ADsticas_cl%C3%ADnicas_epidemiol%C3%B3gicas_de_la_insuficiencia_renal_cr%C3%B3nica_en_ni%C3%B1os_menores_de_16_a%C3%B1os_en_el_servicio_de_nefrolog%C3%ADa_Instituto_Nacional_del_Ni%C3%B1o_2000_2010">Características clínicas epidemiológicas de la insuficiencia renal crónica en niños menores de 16 años en el servicio de nefrología Instituto Nacional del Niño 2000 – 2010</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/ALICIAREYESBARRIGA">ALICIA REYES BARRIGA</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2015</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Busca conocer las características clínicas, epidemiológicas, diagnósticas de la insuficiencia renal crónica, en menores de 16 años atendidos en el Servicio de Nefrología entre Enero del 2000 y Diciembre del 2010. Es un estudio... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Busca conocer las características clínicas, epidemiológicas, diagnósticas de la insuficiencia renal crónica, en menores de 16 años atendidos en el Servicio de Nefrología entre Enero del 2000 y Diciembre del 2010. Es un estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo en el que se revisaron los expedientes clínicos de 122 pacientes con diagnóstico de insuficiencia renal crónica atendidos en el servicio de nefrología del Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, en el periodo enero de 2000 a diciembre de 2010. Realiza un análisis descriptivo en frecuencias, porcentajes, promedios, desviación estándar. Obtiene los siguientes resultados: se presentaron 122 casos de insuficiencia renal crónica IRC para una tasa de incidencia anual en promedio de 53 por 10000 pacientes atendidos. Hay un predominio de hombres (62%) que proceden de Lima el 58.19%, el distrito de mayor frecuencia es San Juan de Lurigancho. El tiempo de enfermedad promedio es 1.2 años. Los síntomas más frecuentes son mala gananc...</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128185344/Caracter%C3%ADsticas_cl%C3%ADnicas_epidemiol%C3%B3gicas_de_la_insuficiencia_renal_cr%C3%B3nica_en_ni%C3%B1os_menores_de_16_a%C3%B1os_en_el_servicio_de_nefrolog%C3%ADa_Instituto_Nacional_del_Ni%C3%B1o_2000_2010"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121808512/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128173743/Influence_of_dialysis_patient_satisfaction_on_therapeutic_adherence">Influence of dialysis patient satisfaction on therapeutic adherence</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/AntonioOchandoGarc%C3%ADa">Antonio Ochando García</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2008, Revista de la Sociedad Española de Enfermería Nefrológica</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Influencia de la satisfacción de los pacientes de una unidad de diálisis en la adherencia terapéutica Accésit Premio de investigación en enfermería nefrológica Janssen-Cilag Existen múltiples factores que parecen estar relacionados con la... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Influencia de la satisfacción de los pacientes de una unidad de diálisis en la adherencia terapéutica Accésit Premio de investigación en enfermería nefrológica Janssen-Cilag Existen múltiples factores que parecen estar relacionados con la deficiente adhesión terapéutica farmacológica. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido valorar el grado de adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico de los pacientes en tratamiento renal sustitutivo de nuestra unidad, así como su posible relación con el grado de satisfacción de los pacientes con la atención recibida. Se estudiaron un total de 85 pacientes (tasa de respuesta de 87% en hemodiálisis y 100% en diálisis peritoneal). El 52,27% de los pacientes en hemodiálisis no tenían adherencia con el tratamiento farmacológico mientras que el 47,73% si la tenían. No encontramos correlación entre la satisfacción media global de los pacientes en hemodiálisis y su adherencia al tratamiento. Tras análisis del test Morisky-Green, las principales causas de no adhesión al régimen terapéutico son, "deja de tomar la medicación cuando les sienta mal" (40%) y un 17,4% "se olvida alguna vez de tomar los medicamentos"; sin embargo más del 95% de los pacientes toman la medicación a la hora indicada y no suspenden el tratamiento cuando se encuentran bien. No hemos encontrado correlación entre la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico y las variables sociodemográficas estudiadas.</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128173743/Influence_of_dialysis_patient_satisfaction_on_therapeutic_adherence"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121797316/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128172434/Dialysis_Related_Spondyloarthropathy_with_Cervical_Amyloidoma">Dialysis-Related Spondyloarthropathy with Cervical Amyloidoma</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/YoshiyukiOhira">Yoshiyuki Ohira</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2016, The American Journal of Medicine</p></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128172434/Dialysis_Related_Spondyloarthropathy_with_Cervical_Amyloidoma"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121796201/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128167049/Solute_amino_acid_and_hormone_changes_with_coated_charcoal_hemoperfusion_in_uremia">Solute, amino acid, and hormone changes with coated charcoal hemoperfusion in uremia</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/BishopArthurKennedy">Bishop Arthur Kennedy</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">1978, Kidney International</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Solute, amino acid, and hormone changes with coated charcoal hemoperfusion in uremia. This investigation assesses the effect of two-hour activated charcoal hemoperfusion using a column containing 300 g of acrylic hydrogel-coated activated... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Solute, amino acid, and hormone changes with coated charcoal hemoperfusion in uremia. This investigation assesses the effect of two-hour activated charcoal hemoperfusion using a column containing 300 g of acrylic hydrogel-coated activated charcoal either alone or combined with hemodialysis on small and "middle molecule" removal in uremic patients. Comparison was made with standard five-hour hemodialysis. Two patients with dialysis encephalopathy were treated with four-hour combined hemoperfusionlhemodialysis without beneficial clinical effects. Hemoperfusion increased the clearance rates of creatinine and urate when combined with dialysis. Hemoperfusion alone removed 1.3 0.6 g (mean SD) of creatinine and 0.6 0.2 g of urate, while combined hemoperfusion/hemodialysis removed 1.7 0.6 g of creatinine and 1.0 0.5 g of urate in a two-hour period. Both treatment schedules removed less solute than standard five-hour hemodialysis but were associated with comparable "middle molecule" removal. Hemoperfusion accounted for additional amino acid removal when combined with hemodialysis, while hemoperfusion alone produced significant reduction only in the amino acid cystine. Changes in the hormones thyroxine, triiodothyronine, human growth hormone, and insulin were noted during the procedures. Acceptable falls in platelet counts and fibrinogen occurred with hemoperfusion. Coated charcoal hemoperfusion may prove to have a role in the management of uremic patients, although the acrylic hydrogelcoated charcoal hemoperfusion device requires modification to increase efficiency and it requires combination with techniques allowing fluid and electrolyte removal. Modifications des substances dissoutes, des acides aminés et des hormones par l'hémoperfusion sur charbon au cours de l'urémie. Cette étude évalue les effets d'une hémoperfusion de deux heures, sur charbon active, utilisant une colonne de 300 g de charbon active recouvert d'hydrogel d'acrylique, seule ou combinée a une hemodialyse, sur La soustraction de petites et moyennes molecules a des malades urdmiques. La comparaison a été faite avec l'hémodialyse habituelle de cinq heures. Deux malades atteints d'encéphalopathie de La dialyse ont été traités par quatre heures d'hémoperfusion et d'hémodialyse sans bénéfice clinique. L'hémoperfusion augmente les clearances de Ia créatinine et de l'acide urique quand elle est associée a l'hémodialyse. L'hemoperfusion seule soustrait 1,3 0,6 g (mean so) de créatinine et 0,6 0,2 g d'acide unque alors que l'association a l'hémodialyse permet de soustraire 1,7 0,6 g de créatinine et 1,0</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128167049/Solute_amino_acid_and_hormone_changes_with_coated_charcoal_hemoperfusion_in_uremia"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121790516/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128167044/Gynaecomastia_in_chronic_renal_failure">Gynaecomastia in chronic renal failure</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/BishopArthurKennedy">Bishop Arthur Kennedy</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">1967, BMJ</p></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128167044/Gynaecomastia_in_chronic_renal_failure"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121790511/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128158276/Comparison_of_the_CBA_H_and_SF_36_for_the_screening_of_the_psychological_and_behavioural_variables_in_chronic_dialysis_patients">Comparison of the CBA-H and SF-36 for the screening of the psychological and behavioural variables in chronic dialysis patients</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/DanielaConti26">Daniela Conti</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2017, PloS one</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">The aim of the study was to perform an analysis of the emotional reactions, perception of stressful life and behavioural changes related to Haemodialysis (HD) in order to identify those variables that can improve lifestyle and the... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The aim of the study was to perform an analysis of the emotional reactions, perception of stressful life and behavioural changes related to Haemodialysis (HD) in order to identify those variables that can improve lifestyle and the adherence to treatment. Some psychometric assessment, such as the Cognitive Behavioural Assessment, Hospital Form, (CBA-H) and the Health Survey (SF-36), which provides two indexes: the Physical Component Score (PCS) and the Mental Component Score (MCS), are suitable to assess a patient&#39;s psychological and behavioural style and their health-related quality of life. The study involved 37 Italian out-patients with end-stage renal disease under HD therapy. We calculated the Spearman correlation between variables of CBA-H, SF-36, age and time on HD. We also performed a multivariate linear regression using the CBA-H variables as predictors and PCS and MCS as dependent variables. From the CBA-H, 95% of participants self-reported psychological characteristics...</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128158276/Comparison_of_the_CBA_H_and_SF_36_for_the_screening_of_the_psychological_and_behavioural_variables_in_chronic_dialysis_patients"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121782918/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128156668/QT_interval_lengthening_during_haemodialysis_is_there_a_potential_risk_for_torsade_de_pointes">QT interval lengthening during haemodialysis: is there a potential risk for torsade de pointes?</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/ArifErturk">Arif Erturk</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">1997, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Letters [ The views expressed in Letters do not necessarily present the views of the Editor.] Prolonged elevation of serum creatine kinase (CK) ingestion (Figure ). He was seen again, 7 days later, with a CK of 1290 IU/l, and finally... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Letters [ The views expressed in Letters do not necessarily present the views of the Editor.] Prolonged elevation of serum creatine kinase (CK) ingestion (Figure ). He was seen again, 7 days later, with a CK of 1290 IU/l, and finally after another week, when his From Figure , estimates of the half-life of CK in each case (case) against time (x-axis). The panel on the left is a linear-linear are 44 and 56 h, respectively. Thus, a prolonged increase in plot and the panel on the right is a log-linear plot, from which the circulating half-life of CK for each patient was estimated. Letters 362 renal damage. Both hyperpyrexia [2] and clotting abnormalit-and platelet count 57×109/mm3. Reticulocyte count was elevated and serum haptoglobin was decreased. Red cell ies [4 ] are recognized complications of ecstasy poisoning. morphology included schistocytes and polychromatophils. We conclude that CK may remain elevated longer than Coagulation parameters were normal. Abdominal ultrasound previously recognized following ingestion of ecstasy, and that revealed normal size kidneys. On the first hospital day the CK level per se does not reliably predict the extent of dyspnoea worsened progressively, the patient remained muscle damage and the risk of developing ARF, nor can it anuric and he became agitated and confused. Findings be a guide to continuing therapy. However, this does not from a computed tomography of the head were normal. negate the importance of rapid and aggressive treatment to Haemodialysis and plasmapheresis were initiated on alternatpromote and maintain a diuresis in this setting. In deciding ive days. The patient's dyspnoea resolved after ultrafiltration whether to add alkali, and the risk of ARF, perhaps more and he recovered from the neurological disorder over the importance should be attached to the presence of acute next 2 days. Renal and haematologic indices improved hyperkalaemia, hyperphosphataemia and hypocalcaemia, progressively and plasmapheresis was discontinued on day than the level of CK alone. A forced diuresis, without 15. A few days later the patient had a relapse and plasmapheralkalinization of the urine and the potential hazards of esis was reinstituted for a month. Haemodialysis was disconsystemic alkali administration, may be more appropriate tinued 3 months after the diagnosis, when the creatinine following ecstasy ingestion and a raised CK. clearance was 21 ml/min (serum creatinine 2.59 mg/dl ). Department of Medicine, A. Williams Results of CD4+ cell count was 247/mm.</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128156668/QT_interval_lengthening_during_haemodialysis_is_there_a_potential_risk_for_torsade_de_pointes"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121781525/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128149002/Endovascular_repair_of_a_hemodialysis_fistula_aneurysm_with_covered_stents">Endovascular repair of a hemodialysis fistula aneurysm with covered stents</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/RoxanneWu">Roxanne Wu</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2009, Kidney International</p></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128149002/Endovascular_repair_of_a_hemodialysis_fistula_aneurysm_with_covered_stents"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121774837/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128147903/Effects_of_hemodialysis_on_cerebral_circulation_evaluated_by_transcranial_Doppler_ultrasonography">Effects of hemodialysis on cerebral circulation evaluated by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/ryujihata">ryuji hata</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">1994, Stroke</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">The effects of hemodialysis on the cerebral circulation of humans and the correlation between changes in blood flow velocity in the basal cerebral arteries and those of several physiological variables influenced by hemodialysis have been... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The effects of hemodialysis on the cerebral circulation of humans and the correlation between changes in blood flow velocity in the basal cerebral arteries and those of several physiological variables influenced by hemodialysis have been inadequately studied. Blood flow velocities were obtained from the middle cerebral artery and the basilar artery by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in 27 patients receiving chronic maintenance hemodialysis immediately before and after the procedure. Changes in body weight, hematocrit, blood pressure, and arterial blood gases were recorded simultaneously. There was a significant reduction in mean flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery (P &lt; .01) and the basilar artery (P &lt; .01) after hemodialysis. We observed a significant negative correlation between the relative change in mean flow velocity and the loss of weight after hemodialysis, the amount of fluid removed, and the increase in hematocrit in the middle cerebral artery and the basi...</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128147903/Effects_of_hemodialysis_on_cerebral_circulation_evaluated_by_transcranial_Doppler_ultrasonography"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121773962/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128138126/Clinical_outcomes_quality_of_life_and_costs_in_the_North_Thames_Dialysis_Study_of_elderly_people_on_dialysis_a_prospective_cohort_study">Clinical outcomes, quality of life, and costs in the North Thames Dialysis Study of elderly people on dialysis: a prospective cohort study</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/ReinholdGruen">Reinhold Gruen</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2000, The Lancet</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Background Evidence-based health policy is urgently needed to meet the increasing demand for health services among elderly people, particularly for expensive technologies such as renal-replacement therapy. Age has been used to ration... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background Evidence-based health policy is urgently needed to meet the increasing demand for health services among elderly people, particularly for expensive technologies such as renal-replacement therapy. Age has been used to ration dialysis, although not always explicitly, despite the lack of rigorous empirical evidence about how elderly people fare on dialysis. We undertook a comprehensive assessment of outcomes in patients 70 years or over. Methods We did a 12-month prospective cohort study of outcomes in 221 patients with end-stage renal failure aged 70 years or over recruited from four hospital-based renal units. We assessed 1-year survival in 125 incident patients (70-86 years) and disease burden (hospital admissions, quality of life, costs) in 174 prevalent patients (70-93 years). Findings 1-year survival rates were: 71% overall; 80%, 69%, and 54% in patients 70-74 years, 75-79 years, and 80 years and older, respectively (p=0•008); and 88%, 71%, and 64% in patients with no, one, or two or more comorbid conditions, respectively (p=0•056). Cox regression analyses showed that mortality was significantly associated with age 80 years and older (relative risk 2•79 [95% CI 1•28-6•93]) and peripheral vascular disease (2•83 [1•29-6•17]), but not with diabetes, ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive airways disease, sex, or treatment method. In terms of disease burden, hospital admissions represent a low proportion of costs and was not required by a third of patients, mental quality of life in elderly dialysis patients was similar to that of elderly people in the general</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128138126/Clinical_outcomes_quality_of_life_and_costs_in_the_North_Thames_Dialysis_Study_of_elderly_people_on_dialysis_a_prospective_cohort_study"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121765867/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128137318/COSMOS_the_dialysis_scenario_of_CKD_MBD_in_Europe">COSMOS: the dialysis scenario of CKD–MBD in Europe</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/ManuelNavesD%C3%ADaz">Manuel Naves Díaz</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2012, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Background. Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorders (CKD-MBD) are important complications of CKD5D patients that are associated with mortality. Methods. COSMOS is a multicentre, open cohort, prospective, observational 3-year... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background. Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorders (CKD-MBD) are important complications of CKD5D patients that are associated with mortality. Methods. COSMOS is a multicentre, open cohort, prospective, observational 3-year study carried out in haemodialysis patients from 20 European countries during 2005-07. The present article describes the main characteristics of the European dialysis population, the current practice for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism and the differences across different European regions. Results. The haemodialysis population in Europe is an aged population (mean age 64.8 ± 14.2 years) with a high prevalence of diabetes (29.5%) and cardiovascular disease (76.0%), and 28.7% of patients have been on haemodialysis more than 5 years. Patients from the former Eastern countries are younger (59.3 ± 14.3 versus 66.0 ± 13.9), having a lower proportion of diabetics (24.1 versus 30.7%). There were relevant differences in the frequency of measurement of the main CKD-MBD biochemical parameters [Ca, P and parathyroid hormone (PTH)] and the Eastern countries showed a poorer control of these biochemical parameters (K/DOQI and K/ DIGO targets). Overall, 48.0% of the haemodialysis patients received active vitamin D treatment. Calcitriol use doubled that of alfacalcidiol in the Mediterranean countries, whereas the opposite was found in the non-Mediterranean countries. The criteria followed to perform parathyroidectomy were different across Europe. In the Mediterranean countries, the level of serum PTH considered to perform parathyroidectomy was higher than in non-Mediterranean countries; as a result, in the latter, more parathyroidectomies were performed in the year previous to inclusion to COSMOS. Conclusions. The COSMOS baseline results show important differences across Europe in the management of CKD-MBD.</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128137318/COSMOS_the_dialysis_scenario_of_CKD_MBD_in_Europe"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121765148/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128131151/Incidence_and_risk_factors_for_central_vascular_catheter_related_bloodstream_infections_in_a_tertiary_care_hospital">Incidence and risk factors for central vascular catheter-related bloodstream infections in a tertiary care hospital</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/AlexandraVasilakopoulou">Alexandra Vasilakopoulou</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2012, The new microbiologica</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">This study evaluated the incidence of colonization and infection related to Central Vascular Catheters (CVC) in a tertiary care Greek hospital, as well as risk factors associated with catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI). A... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study evaluated the incidence of colonization and infection related to Central Vascular Catheters (CVC) in a tertiary care Greek hospital, as well as risk factors associated with catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI). A total of 340 CVCs, were studied in relation to patient clinical and epidemiological data, CVC characteristics, and microbiological culture results. Risk factors were assessed. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis was used for the investigation of the clonal relationship of the isolates. The incidence for CRBSI and catheter colonization (CC) was 11.47 and 19.49 per 1,000 catheter days, respectively. Risk factors independently associated with CRBSI were use of corticosteroids, diabetes mellitus, solid organ neoplasm, long duration of catheterization, and changing the CVC dressing at intervals of 48 hours or more. Risk factors for CC were diabetes mellitus, hospitalization in ICU, and prolonged hospitalization. The predominant microorganisms isolated from CRBS...</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128131151/Incidence_and_risk_factors_for_central_vascular_catheter_related_bloodstream_infections_in_a_tertiary_care_hospital"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121759860/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128129347/The_Survival_of_Roma_Minority_Patients_on_Chronic_Hemodialysis_Therapy_A_Romanian_Multicenter_Survey">The Survival of Roma Minority Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis Therapy - A Romanian Multicenter Survey</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/oanaschiller">oana schiller</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2016, PLOS ONE</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">The Roma minority represents the largest ethnic group in Central and South-East European countries. Data regarding the mortality in Roma hemodialysis subjects are limited. We evaluated the 3 year mortality of ESRD Roma patients treated... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Roma minority represents the largest ethnic group in Central and South-East European countries. Data regarding the mortality in Roma hemodialysis subjects are limited. We evaluated the 3 year mortality of ESRD Roma patients treated with hemodialysis (HD). Our prospective cohort study included 600 ESRD patients on HD therapy recruited from 7 HD centers, from the main geographical regions of Romania. The median age of the patients was 56 (19) years, 332 (55.3%) being males, 51 (8.5%) having Roma ethnicity. Roma ESRD patients initiate dialysis at a younger age, 47.8 years vs. 52.3 years (P = 0.017), present higher serum albumin (P = 0.013) and higher serum phosphate levels (P = 0.021). In the Roma group, the overall 3 year mortality was higher when compared to Caucasians (33.3% vs. 24.8%). The multivariate survival analysis revealed that being of Roma ethnicity is an independent risk factor for mortality (HR = 1.74; 95% CI = 1.04-2.91; P = 0.035). Roma patients with ESRD initiate HD therapy at a younger age as compared to Caucasians. They have a higher 3 year mortality rate and are dying at a younger age. Roma ethnicity represents an independent risk factor for mortality in our cohort.</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128129347/The_Survival_of_Roma_Minority_Patients_on_Chronic_Hemodialysis_Therapy_A_Romanian_Multicenter_Survey"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121758418/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128129346/Vitamin_D_Deficiency_Prognostic_Marker_or_Mortality_Risk_Factor_in_End_Stage_Renal_Disease_Patients_with_Diabetes_Mellitus_Treated_with_Hemodialysis_A_Prospective_Multicenter_Study">Vitamin D Deficiency—Prognostic Marker or Mortality Risk Factor in End Stage Renal Disease Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Treated with Hemodialysis—A Prospective Multicenter Study</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/oanaschiller">oana schiller</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2015, PLOS ONE</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">End stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on renal replacement therapy (RRT) with diabetes mellitus (DM) have a higher mortality rate and an increase prevalence of vitamin D deficiency compared to those without DM. It is still debated if... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">End stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on renal replacement therapy (RRT) with diabetes mellitus (DM) have a higher mortality rate and an increase prevalence of vitamin D deficiency compared to those without DM. It is still debated if vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor or a prognostic marker for mortality in these patients. This study investigated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its impact on all-cause mortality in HD patients with DM. Our prospective non-interventional cohort study included 600 patients on hemodialysis therapy (HD) (median aged 56, interquartile range (19) years, 332 (55.3%) males) recruited from 7 HD centers, from all main geographical regions of Romania. The prevalence of DM was 15.3%. They were then followed regarding: dialysis duration, dialysis efficiency, renal anemia, CKD-MBD, inflammatory status and comorbidities: coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and stroke. The deficiency of 25-OH vitamin D was defined as a value lower than12 ng/mL. Patients were followed for 3 years. The overall 3 year mortality was 25.5% (153 individuals), being higher in patients with DM as compared to those without DM (33.7% vs. 24.0%; P = 0.049). The time-related prognosis was also influenced by the presence of DM, at the</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128129346/Vitamin_D_Deficiency_Prognostic_Marker_or_Mortality_Risk_Factor_in_End_Stage_Renal_Disease_Patients_with_Diabetes_Mellitus_Treated_with_Hemodialysis_A_Prospective_Multicenter_Study"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121758413/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128129343/Prognostic_significance_of_25_hydroxivitamin_D_entirely_explained_by_a_higher_comorbidity_burden_Experience_from_a_South_Eastern_European_Dialysis_Cohort">Prognostic significance of 25-hydroxivitamin D entirely explained by a higher comorbidity burden: Experience from a South-Eastern European Dialysis Cohort</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/oanaschiller">oana schiller</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2014, Hemodialysis International</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Vitamin D deficiency is still a common problem particularly in the elderly and in individuals with various degrees of renal impairment. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D and death... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Vitamin D deficiency is still a common problem particularly in the elderly and in individuals with various degrees of renal impairment. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D and death in a large cohort of prevalent patients on hemodialysis (HD) from south-east Romania, a typical Balkan region. This is an observational prospective study that included a total of 570 patients on maintenance HD. Study patients were classified into three groups by baseline 25(OH)D levels: (1) sufficient 25(OH)D-i.e., >30 ng/mL; (2) insufficient 25(OH)D-i.e., between 10 and 29 ng/mL; and (3) deficient 25(OH)D-i.e., <10 ng/mL. During the follow-up period of 14 months, 68 patients (11.9%) died, the Kaplan-Meier analysis showing significant differences in all-cause mortality for chronic kidney disease patients in different 25(OH)D groups (P = 0.002). Unadjusted Cox regression analysis also showed significant differences in survival. The multivariate Cox regression model showed no significant differences in survival according to vitamin D levels. Hazard ratio for death in the "<10 ng/mL" group was 1.619 (P = 0.190) and in the "10-30 ng/mL" group was 0.837 (P = 0.609). In our dialysis population with a high comorbidity burden, low 25(OH)D concentration was not associated with mortality in the adjusted Cox model, suggesting that vitamin D deficiency could represent only a non-specific marker for a poor health status, with less impact on mortality.</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128129343/Prognostic_significance_of_25_hydroxivitamin_D_entirely_explained_by_a_higher_comorbidity_burden_Experience_from_a_South_Eastern_European_Dialysis_Cohort"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121758417/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128124095/Use_of_tyrosine_kinase_inhibitors_in_patients_with_metastatic_kidney_cancer_receiving_haemodialysis_a_retrospective_Italian_survey">Use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with metastatic kidney cancer receiving haemodialysis: a retrospective Italian survey</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/MariaPagano16">Maria Pagano</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2012, BJU International</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Study Type – Therapy (case series)Level of Evidence 4What&#39;s known on the subject? and What does the study add?Sunitinib and sorafenib are orally administered multikinase inhibitors approved for the treatment of advanced RCC. The... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Study Type – Therapy (case series)Level of Evidence 4What&#39;s known on the subject? and What does the study add?Sunitinib and sorafenib are orally administered multikinase inhibitors approved for the treatment of advanced RCC. The limited pharmacokinetics data on sunitinib and sorafenib suggest that haemodialysis does not significantly alter plasma concentrations.In this retrospective study we define the safety and efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with metastatic RCC (mRCC) and end‐stage renal disease requiring haemodialysis. Even though the retrospective nature of this survey and the relatively small sample size represent major limitations, these data indicate that treatment with sunitinib and sorafenib in this cohort of patients is feasible with no unexpected toxicity and good efficacy, results similar to those in the general population of patients with mRCC.OBJECTIVE To investigate the safety and efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in patients with m...</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128124095/Use_of_tyrosine_kinase_inhibitors_in_patients_with_metastatic_kidney_cancer_receiving_haemodialysis_a_retrospective_Italian_survey"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121753974/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128115007/Economic_evaluations_of_interventions_to_manage_hyperphosphataemia_in_adult_haemodialysis_patients_A_systematic_review">Economic evaluations of interventions to manage hyperphosphataemia in adult haemodialysis patients: A systematic review</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://unimaas.academia.edu/silviaevers">Silvia Evers</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2016, Nephrology</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Managing hyperphosphataemia in haemodialysis patients is resource‐intensive. A search for cost‐effective interventions in this field is needed to inform decisions on the allocation of healthcare resources. NHSEED, MEDLINE, EMBASE and... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Managing hyperphosphataemia in haemodialysis patients is resource‐intensive. A search for cost‐effective interventions in this field is needed to inform decisions on the allocation of healthcare resources. NHSEED, MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL were searched for full economic evaluations of hyperphosphataemia‐managing interventions in adult haemodialysis patients, published between 2004 and 2014, in English, French, Dutch or German. Incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios of the interventions were up‐rated to 2013US$ using Purchasing Power Parity conversion rates and Consumer Price Indices. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Extended Consensus on Health Economic Criteria List. Twelve out of the 1681 retrieved records fulfilled the inclusion criteria. They reported only on one aspect of hyperphosphataemia management, which is the use of phosphate binders (calcium‐based and calcium‐free, in first‐line and sequential use). No economic evaluations of other phosphorus‐lower...</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128115007/Economic_evaluations_of_interventions_to_manage_hyperphosphataemia_in_adult_haemodialysis_patients_A_systematic_review"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121746191/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128114810/Misplacement_of_a_right_internal_jugular_hemodialysis_catheter_in_a_persistent_left_superior_vena_cava">Misplacement of a right internal jugular hemodialysis catheter in a persistent left superior vena cava</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/NeerajKumar2967">Neeraj Kumar</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2014, Journal of Clinical Anesthesia</p></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128114810/Misplacement_of_a_right_internal_jugular_hemodialysis_catheter_in_a_persistent_left_superior_vena_cava"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121746021/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128102154/Outcomes_of_non_tunneled_non_cuffed_hemodialysis_catheters_in_patients_on_chronic_hemodialysis_in_a_resource_limited_sub_Saharan_Africa_setting">Outcomes of non-tunneled non-cuffed hemodialysis catheters in patients on chronic hemodialysis in a resource limited sub-Saharan Africa setting</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/GAshuntantang">Gloria Ashuntantang</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2014, Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis : official peer-reviewed journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">The aim of the present study was to investigate the adverse outcomes of non-tunneled hemodialysis catheters and determinants in chronic hemodialysis patients receiving care at the Yaoundé General Hospital hemodialysis center, Cameroon.... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The aim of the present study was to investigate the adverse outcomes of non-tunneled hemodialysis catheters and determinants in chronic hemodialysis patients receiving care at the Yaoundé General Hospital hemodialysis center, Cameroon. This was a prospective study of 11 months duration (February-December 2008) involving 81 non-tunneled non-cuffed catheters (63 femoral, 18 internal jugular) placed in 72 adults (47 men, 65.3%) on chronic hemodialysis. Baseline clinical and laboratory parameters associated with catheter-related complications during follow-up were investigated. The difference between variables was assessed using the χ(2) test and equivalents. Sixty-five (80.2%) catheters were inserted for emergency dialysis, 11 (13.6%) for a failed native arteriovenous fistula and five (6.2%) for a failed prior catheter. The mean time-to-catheter removal was 35 ± 28 days. Catheter-related complications accounted for a third of catheter removals. The main catheter-related complications w...</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128102154/Outcomes_of_non_tunneled_non_cuffed_hemodialysis_catheters_in_patients_on_chronic_hemodialysis_in_a_resource_limited_sub_Saharan_Africa_setting"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121735571/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128099759/Ultrasound_Guided_Tunnelled_Cuffed_Catheter_Placement_Without_Fluoroscopic_Guidance_By_Anatomical_Landmarks_Accuracy_And_Safety">Ultrasound Guided Tunnelled Cuffed Catheter Placement Without Fluoroscopic Guidance By Anatomical Landmarks; Accuracy And Safety</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/ArshadAbdulRehman">Abdul Rehman Arshad</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2019, Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease is a growing disease with high morbidity and mortality. Haemodialysis remains the most common option available for all those not planning for renal transplantation. Vascular access is the most important... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease is a growing disease with high morbidity and mortality. Haemodialysis remains the most common option available for all those not planning for renal transplantation. Vascular access is the most important aspect of haemodialysis. Though not recommended but central venous catheters remain the most common vascular access in starters on haemodialysis. There is a growing trend towards placement of tunnelled cuffed catheters (TCC). Tunnelled cuffed catheters placement requires fluoroscopic guidance which is not available in all centres. The rationale of this study was to describe safety and accuracy of a catheter placement technique not dependent on fluoroscopic guidance for resource limited settings. METHODS Dialysis dependent patients of a single hospital without long term vascular access were selected over a period of 15 months after getting informed written consent. A new technique was described in which depth of catheter was estimated by superficial a...</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128099759/Ultrasound_Guided_Tunnelled_Cuffed_Catheter_Placement_Without_Fluoroscopic_Guidance_By_Anatomical_Landmarks_Accuracy_And_Safety"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121733064/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128097877/Plasma_Atrial_Natriuretic_Peptide_Concentrations_and_Circulating_Forms_in_Normal_Man_and_Patients_with_Chronic_Renal_Failure">Plasma Atrial Natriuretic Peptide: Concentrations and Circulating Forms in Normal Man and Patients with Chronic Renal Failure</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/RadenHarrySoehartono">Raden Harry Soehartono</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">1987, Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">SUMMARY1. A specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay has been developed and used to measure circulating atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in normal man and in patients with chronic renal failure.2. Circulating ANP levels rose with head‐down... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">SUMMARY1. A specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay has been developed and used to measure circulating atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in normal man and in patients with chronic renal failure.2. Circulating ANP levels rose with head‐down tilt and exercise, and were raised in patients with chronic renal failure in proportion to volume status. This suggests that ANP release is mediated via increased atrial stretch, although other release mechanisms cannot be excluded.3. Extracts of normal human plasma subjected to reverse phase HPLC showed one major peak of immunoreactivity co‐migrating with α‐human ANP. However, when plasma extracts from patients with renal failure were chromatographed on a similar system, a second later eluting peak of ANP immunoreactivity was observed. This may represent circulating ANP precursors or degradation molecules.4. Significant arteriovenous differences in plasma ANP concentration were observed in patients with chronic renal failure. Arterial and venous p...</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128097877/Plasma_Atrial_Natriuretic_Peptide_Concentrations_and_Circulating_Forms_in_Normal_Man_and_Patients_with_Chronic_Renal_Failure"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121731546/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128096646/MCP_1_Contributes_to_Arteriovenous_Fistula_Failure">MCP-1 Contributes to Arteriovenous Fistula Failure</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://mayo.academia.edu/JosephGrande">Joseph Grande</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2011, Journal of The American Society of Nephrology</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Vascular access dysfunction compromises the care of patients on chronic hemodialysis. Elucidating the mechanisms of such dysfunction and devising strategies that may interrupt neointimal hyperplasia and relevant pathogenetic pathways are... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Vascular access dysfunction compromises the care of patients on chronic hemodialysis. Elucidating the mechanisms of such dysfunction and devising strategies that may interrupt neointimal hyperplasia and relevant pathogenetic pathways are essential. Here, we show that, in the venous segment of a murine model of an arteriovenous fistula, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) mRNA and protein increase, accompanied by increased activity of the transcription factors NF-B and AP-1. Genetic deficiency of MCP-1 proved markedly protective in this murine model, reflected by increased fistula patency 6 weeks after its formation, decreased venous wall thickness, and increased luminal area. An early effect of MCP-1 deficiency was the attenuation of the marked induction of CCL5 (RANTES) that occurred in this model, a chemokine recently recognized as a critical participant in vascular injury. Finally, in a rat model of an arteriovenous fistula, we localized expression of MCP-1 to the endothelium, proliferating smooth muscle cells and infiltrating leukocytes. In summary, marked upregulation of MCP-1 occurs in the venous segment of an arteriovenous fistula in rodents, and this vasculopathic chemokine contributes to failure of the fistula.</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128096646/MCP_1_Contributes_to_Arteriovenous_Fistula_Failure"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121730620/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128094796/Kidney_Disease_Quality_of_Life_36_Item_Short_Form_Survey_KDQOL_36_Normative_Values_for_the_United_States_Dialysis_Population_and_New_Single_Summary_Score">Kidney Disease Quality of Life 36-Item Short Form Survey (KDQOL-36) Normative Values for the United States Dialysis Population and New Single Summary Score</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/RONDHAYS">RON D. HAYS</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2019, Journal of The American Society of Nephrology</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Background The Kidney Disease Quality of Life 36-item short form survey (KDQOL-36) is a widely used, patient-reported outcome measure for patients on dialysis. Efforts to aid interpretation are needed. We used a sample of 58,851 dialysis... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background The Kidney Disease Quality of Life 36-item short form survey (KDQOL-36) is a widely used, patient-reported outcome measure for patients on dialysis. Efforts to aid interpretation are needed. We used a sample of 58,851 dialysis patients participating in the Medical Education Institute (MEI) KDQOL Complete program, and 443,947 patients from the US Renal Data System (USRDS) to develop the KDQOL-36 Summary Score (KSS) for the kidney-targeted KDQOL-36 scales (Burdens of Kidney Disease [BKD], Symptoms and Problems of Kidney Disease [SPKD], and Effects of Kidney Disease [EKD]). We also used the MEI and USRDS data to calculate normative values for the Short Form-12 Health Survey's Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS), and the KDQOL-36's BKD, SPKD, and EKD scales for the United States dialysis population. We used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models for KDQOL-36 kidney-targeted items, evaluated model fit with the comparative fit index (CFI; .0.95 indicates good fit) and root-mean-squared error of approximation (RMSEA; ,0.06 indicates good fit), and estimated norms by matching the joint distribution of patient characteristics in the MEI sample to those of the USRDS sample. Results A bifactor CFA model fit the data well (RMSEA=0.046, CFI=0.990), supporting the KSS (a=0.91). Mean dialysis normative scores were PCS=37.8 and MCS=50.9 (scored on a T-score metric); and KSS=73.0, BKD=52.8, SPKD=79.0, and EKD=74.1 (0-100 possible scores). The KSS is a reliable summary of the KDQOL-36. The United States KDQOL-36 normative facilitate interpretation and incorporation of patient-related outcome measures into kidney disease care.</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128094796/Kidney_Disease_Quality_of_Life_36_Item_Short_Form_Survey_KDQOL_36_Normative_Values_for_the_United_States_Dialysis_Population_and_New_Single_Summary_Score"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121729043/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128094790/Negligible_impact_of_differential_item_functioning_between_Black_and_White_dialysis_patients_on_the_Kidney_Disease_Quality_of_Life_36_item_short_form_survey_KDQOLTM_36_">Negligible impact of differential item functioning between Black and White dialysis patients on the Kidney Disease Quality of Life 36-item short form survey (KDQOLTM-36)</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/RONDHAYS">RON D. HAYS</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2018, Quality of Life Research</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Purpose Black dialysis patients report better health-related quality of life (HRQOL) than White patients, which may be explained if Black and White patients respond systematically differently to HRQOL survey items. Methods We examined... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Purpose Black dialysis patients report better health-related quality of life (HRQOL) than White patients, which may be explained if Black and White patients respond systematically differently to HRQOL survey items. Methods We examined differential item functioning (DIF) of the Kidney Disease Quality of Life 36-item (KDQOL TM -36) Burden of Kidney Disease, Symptoms and Problems with Kidney Disease, and Effects of Kidney Disease scales between Black (n = 18,404) and White (n = 21,439) dialysis patients. We fit multiple group confirmatory factor analysis models with increasing invariance: a Configural model (invariant factor structure), a Metric model (invariant factor loadings), and a Scalar model (invariant intercepts). Criteria for invariance included non-significant χ 2 tests, > 0.002 difference in the models' CFI, and > 0.015 difference in RMSEA and SRMR. Next, starting with a fully invariant model, we freed loadings and intercepts item-by-item to determine if DIF impacted estimated KDQOL TM -36 scale means. Results ΔCFI was 0.006 between the metric and scalar models but was reduced to 0.001 when we freed intercepts for the burdens and symptoms and problems of kidney disease scales. In comparison to standardized means of 0 in the White group, those for the Black group on the Burdens, Symptoms and Problems, and Effects of Kidney Disease scales were 0.218, 0.061, and 0.161, respectively. When loadings and thresholds were released sequentially, differences in means between models ranged between 0.001 and 0.048. Conclusion Despite some DIF, impacts on KDQOL TM -36 responses appear to be minimal. We conclude that the KDQOL TM -36 is appropriate to make substantive comparisons of HRQOL between Black and White dialysis patients.</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128094790/Negligible_impact_of_differential_item_functioning_between_Black_and_White_dialysis_patients_on_the_Kidney_Disease_Quality_of_Life_36_item_short_form_survey_KDQOLTM_36_"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121729038/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128094785/Problems_with_analyses_and_interpretation_of_data_in_use_of_the_KDQOL_36_for_assessment_of_health_related_quality_of_life_among_dialysis_patients_in_the_United_States_">Problems with analyses and interpretation of data in “use of the KDQOL-36™ for assessment of health-related quality of life among dialysis patients in the United States”</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://healthsciences-ucla.academia.edu/RONDHAYS">RON D. HAYS</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2019, BMC Nephrology</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">A recent article in the journal reported analyses of KDQOL-36™ survey data collected from 240,343 adults (330,412 surveys) dialyzed at a large dialysis organization in the United States during 2014-2016. The authors concluded that the... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A recent article in the journal reported analyses of KDQOL-36™ survey data collected from 240,343 adults (330,412 surveys) dialyzed at a large dialysis organization in the United States during 2014-2016. The authors concluded that the KDQOL-36™ Symptoms and Problems of Kidney Disease scale had the highest mean score of the KDQOL-36™ scales. We note that this inference was erroneous because the scales are not scored on the same numeric scale. In addition, the authors found that responses to a general health perceptions item ("In general, would you say your health is excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor") was not significantly associated with any of the 5 KDQOL-36 scale scores. In contrast, we find significant and noteworthy correlations in two other datasets. These analytic issues call into question the accuracy and validity of the conclusions of this paper.</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128094785/Problems_with_analyses_and_interpretation_of_data_in_use_of_the_KDQOL_36_for_assessment_of_health_related_quality_of_life_among_dialysis_patients_in_the_United_States_"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121729028/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128086514/Usefulness_of_paclitaxel_releasing_high_pressure_balloon_associated_with_cutting_balloon_angioplasty_for_treatment_of_outflow_stenoses_of_failing_hemodialysis_arteriovenous_shunts">Usefulness of paclitaxel-releasing high-pressure balloon associated with cutting balloon angioplasty for treatment of outflow stenoses of failing hemodialysis arteriovenous shunts</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/GPiffaretti">Gabriele Piffaretti</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2016, Radiologia Medica</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">a significant re-stenosis (≥50 %) was registered. A residual asymptomatic stenosis (<30 %) was registered in four cases (7 %). No major complications were registered. Conclusions A short-term patency benefit may be obtained including PCB... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">a significant re-stenosis (≥50 %) was registered. A residual asymptomatic stenosis (<30 %) was registered in four cases (7 %). No major complications were registered. Conclusions A short-term patency benefit may be obtained including PCB in angioplasty treatment of failing hemodialysis arteriovenous shunts.</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128086514/Usefulness_of_paclitaxel_releasing_high_pressure_balloon_associated_with_cutting_balloon_angioplasty_for_treatment_of_outflow_stenoses_of_failing_hemodialysis_arteriovenous_shunts"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121721873/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128085515/The_presence_and_impact_of_diastolic_dysfunction_on_physical_function_and_body_composition_in_hemodialysis_patients">The presence and impact of diastolic dysfunction on physical function and body composition in hemodialysis patients</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/MohamedMolaAli">Mohamed Mola Ali</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2015, Journal of nephrology</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are the main cause of death in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Muscle wasting and physical function decline are common in MHD patients, and significantly impair their quality of life. These can result... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are the main cause of death in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Muscle wasting and physical function decline are common in MHD patients, and significantly impair their quality of life. These can result from abnormalities in cardiac function, which can be further worsened by physical deconditioning. Left ventricular diastolic function parameters were recently shown to be a better predictor of exercise capacity than systolic measures in patients with CV complications. But little is known about the relationship between cardiac function and physical function in MHD patients. In 82 MHD patients, left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) was assessed by ejection fraction and fractional shortening with echocardiography, and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) was assessed by pulse wave and tissue Doppler indices. Physical function was assessed by gait speed, performance on a shuttle walk test, and leg muscle strength. Dual-emission X-ray ab...</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128085515/The_presence_and_impact_of_diastolic_dysfunction_on_physical_function_and_body_composition_in_hemodialysis_patients"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121720930/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128069134/End_Stage_Renal_Disease_Survival_in_Blacks_and_Whites">End-Stage Renal Disease Survival in Blacks and Whites</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/MahmoudSalemSalamaSalem">Mahmoud Salem Salama Salem</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2002, The American Journal of the Medical Sciences</p></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128069134/End_Stage_Renal_Disease_Survival_in_Blacks_and_Whites"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121707203/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128068626/Renal_Transplantation_in_a_Patient_With_Hypocomplementemic_Urticarial_Vasculitis_Syndrome">Renal Transplantation in a Patient With Hypocomplementemic Urticarial Vasculitis Syndrome</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/KlausMartinSchulte">Klaus-Martin Schulte</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2001, American Journal of Kidney Diseases</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">We describe a 36-year-old man who presented with hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis syndrome (HUVS) with severe renal involvement. Despite steroid therapy, the patient developed end-stage renal disease (ESRD) leading to chronic... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We describe a 36-year-old man who presented with hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis syndrome (HUVS) with severe renal involvement. Despite steroid therapy, the patient developed end-stage renal disease (ESRD) leading to chronic hemodialysis therapy. Renal transplantation was performed after hemodialysis therapy (secondary), and the patient developed a typical HUVS relapse 9 months after transplantation despite conventional immunosuppressive therapy that was successfully treated with plasma exchange. This case shows for the first time that HUVS can induce severe renal involvement responsible for ESRD and that HUVS can relapse after renal transplantation. It also suggests that plasma exchange therapy may be of value for rapidly controlling the clinical symptoms.</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128068626/Renal_Transplantation_in_a_Patient_With_Hypocomplementemic_Urticarial_Vasculitis_Syndrome"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121706702/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128068092/Effect_of_Ethanol_Trisodium_Citrate_Lock_on_Microorganisms_Causing_Hemodialysis_Catheter_Related_Infections">Effect of Ethanol/Trisodium Citrate Lock on Microorganisms Causing Hemodialysis Catheter-Related Infections</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://umanitoba.academia.edu/TeresaTakla">Teresa Takla</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2007, The Journal of Vascular Access</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">PurposeThis in vitro study tested the effectiveness of a novel 30% ethanol/4% trisodium citrate (TSC) lock solution against the most common pathogens causing hemodialysis catheter-related infections.MethodsClinical isolates of... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">PurposeThis in vitro study tested the effectiveness of a novel 30% ethanol/4% trisodium citrate (TSC) lock solution against the most common pathogens causing hemodialysis catheter-related infections.MethodsClinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (n=4), methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) (n=8), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) (n=8), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=4) and Escherichia coli (n=4) were tested in duplicate. Bacterial suspensions of each isolate were made in a control solution of normal saline and Mueller-Hinton broth (MHB), and in a lock solution of ethanol 30%, TSC 4% and MHB. Suspensions were incubated at 37 °C for 48 h. Colony counts were determined from samples collected at t=0 h (before exposure to the ethanol/TSC lock), t=1 h (one hour after exposure to the ethanol/TSC lock), t=24 h and t=48 h. To confirm the absence of viable organisms in the lock solution, the remaining volume at 48 h was filtered through a 0.4...</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128068092/Effect_of_Ethanol_Trisodium_Citrate_Lock_on_Microorganisms_Causing_Hemodialysis_Catheter_Related_Infections"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121706222/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128068080/Long_Term_Effect_of_an_Ethanol_Sodium_Citrate_Locking_Solution_on_the_Mechanical_Properties_of_Hemodialysis_Catheters">Long-Term Effect of an Ethanol/Sodium Citrate Locking Solution on the Mechanical Properties of Hemodialysis Catheters</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://umanitoba.academia.edu/TeresaTakla">Teresa Takla</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2010, The Journal of Vascular Access</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Purpose To investigate the effect of a 30% ethanol/4% sodium citrate catheter locking solution on the mechanical properties of hemodialysis (HD) catheters over 36 weeks. Methods Twenty-one HD catheters were used in this study. Three... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Purpose To investigate the effect of a 30% ethanol/4% sodium citrate catheter locking solution on the mechanical properties of hemodialysis (HD) catheters over 36 weeks. Methods Twenty-one HD catheters were used in this study. Three catheters, not exposed to locking solutions, underwent mechanical testing to determine baseline properties. Nine of the remaining 18 catheters were filled with normal saline and underwent mechanical testing in groups of three at 12, 24 and 36 weeks. Similarly, nine catheters were filled with the 30% ethanol/4% sodium citrate locking solution and tested in a similar manner. Results The average force required to break the catheter lumens tended to be smaller in the catheters exposed to 30% ethanol/4% sodium citrate compared to saline controls at 12 and 24 weeks; however, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups after 36 weeks of exposure. The forces required to break these HD catheters are magnitudes greater than forces genera...</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128068080/Long_Term_Effect_of_an_Ethanol_Sodium_Citrate_Locking_Solution_on_the_Mechanical_Properties_of_Hemodialysis_Catheters"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121706217/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128065232/Should_shellfish_be_purified_before_public_consumption">Should shellfish be purified before public consumption?</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://uab.academia.edu/XavierAbad">Xavier Abad</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">1994, The Lancet</p></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128065232/Should_shellfish_be_purified_before_public_consumption"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121703795/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128051928/Prognostic_significance_of_skin_and_subcutaneous_fat_sequestration_of_parasites_in_severe_falciparum_malaria">Prognostic significance of skin and subcutaneous fat sequestration of parasites in severe falciparum malaria</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/PWilairatana">Polrat Wilairatana</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2000, The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Intradermal blood smear, histopathologic and immunohistologic studies were performed in severe malaria (n=10) and uncomplicated malaria (n=10) patients during positive parasitemia and within 6 hours after negative parasitemia by finger... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Intradermal blood smear, histopathologic and immunohistologic studies were performed in severe malaria (n=10) and uncomplicated malaria (n=10) patients during positive parasitemia and within 6 hours after negative parasitemia by finger prick smears. Intradermal blood smears showed asexual forms and intraleukocytic pigments when finger prick blood smears showed negative results; however intradermal blood smear did not indicate disease severity within 6 hours after negative parasitemia by finger prick. Histopathologic findings showed 15 fold higher parasitized red blood cells sequestered in vessels of subcutaneous fatty tissue in severe malaria than in uncomplicated malaria (p&lt;0.001) and may indicate disease severity. A panel of polyclonal antibodies against cytokines applied to skin biopsies clearly detected a higher titer against tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in dermal vessels and stratum granulosum respectively, in severe malaria compared with...</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128051928/Prognostic_significance_of_skin_and_subcutaneous_fat_sequestration_of_parasites_in_severe_falciparum_malaria"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121692115/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && dropdown.hasAttribute('open')) { dropdown.removeAttribute('open'); } }); });</script></div><div class="div"><div class="work-card-container"><div class="title"><a attrs="data-click-track topics--work-card-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/128046992/Interleukin_6_is_a_stronger_predictor_of_total_and_cardiovascular_mortality_than_C_reactive_protein_in_haemodialysis_patients">Interleukin-6 is a stronger predictor of total and cardiovascular mortality than C-reactive protein in haemodialysis patients</a></div><div class="authors">by <a href="https://independent.academia.edu/BertiniAlessio">Alessio Bertini</a></div><div class="work-metadata"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2004, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation</p></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">Background. Despite the well known association between interleukin-6 (IL-6) and cardiovascular mortality, no study has so far verified whether IL-6 adds prognostic information to that provided by C-reactive protein (CRP). Methods. A... <a class="more u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background. Despite the well known association between interleukin-6 (IL-6) and cardiovascular mortality, no study has so far verified whether IL-6 adds prognostic information to that provided by C-reactive protein (CRP). Methods. A cohort of 218 haemodialysis patients from four different dialytic centres was followed-up retrospectively. Plasma IL-6 and CRP concentrations were determined. Full information on co-morbidities was available in 162 patients. Results. With respect to the lowest quartile (<3.6 pg/ml for IL-6, and <2.2 mg/l for CRP), the crude relative risk (RR) of death from all causes of the upper quartile (>13.9 pg/ml for IL-6, and >12.8 mg/l for CRP) was 5.20 (95% confidence interval 2.06-13.011) for IL-6 and 3.16 (1.41-7.12) for CRP. When both variables were included, the estimates were 4.10 (1.30-12.96) for IL-6 and 1.29 (0.47-3.57) for CRP. As to continuous variables, the relationship between both variables and mortality tended to level off for the highest values, but became fairly linear after log transformation of the variables. For one unit SD of the log (variable), the RR was 2.09 (1.52-2.88) for for CRP. When they were included in the same model, the estimates were 1.90 (1.18-2.82) for IL-6 and 1.16 (0.81-1.66) for CRP. Conclusions. IL-6 has a stronger predictive value than CRP for cardiovascular mortality and provides independent prognostic information, while conveying most of that provided by CRP.</div></div><div class="button-container"><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-view" href="https://www.academia.edu/128046992/Interleukin_6_is_a_stronger_predictor_of_total_and_cardiovascular_mortality_than_C_reactive_protein_in_haemodialysis_patients"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">description</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View Paper</span></a><a class="ds2-5-text-link no-padding" data-click-track="topics--work-card-download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/121687721/download_file?st=MTc0MjEyMjIzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=topics-page-work-card"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">arrow_downward</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download</span></a></div></div><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const moreLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.more'); moreLinks.forEach(link => { const summary = link.closest('.summary'); const summarized = summary.querySelector('.summarized'); const complete = summary.querySelector('.complete'); // Only show more link if we have both summarized and complete content if (!summarized || !complete) { link.style.display = 'none'; return; } link.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); summarized.classList.add('hidden'); complete.classList.remove('hidden'); // Hide the more link since we don't want to toggle back link.style.display = 'none'; }); }); }); // To allow for closing the author dropdown when clicking outside of it document.addEventListener('click', (event) => { const dropdowns = document.querySelectorAll('details.authors-dropdown'); dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { if (!dropdown.contains(event.target) && 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