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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Safety" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Safety"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Safety</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Safety-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Weather" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Weather"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Weather</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Weather-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subsidence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subsidence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Subsidence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subsidence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cycling_and_hiking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cycling_and_hiking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Cycling and hiking</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cycling_and_hiking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bus_route" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bus_route"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bus route</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bus_route-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Snake_Pass&params=53.4329_N_1.8689_W_type:pass_region:GB_scale:50000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">53°25′58″N</span> <span class="longitude">1°52′08″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">53.4329°N 1.8689°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">53.4329; -1.8689</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-good-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles*" title="This is a good article. Click here for more information."><img alt="This is a good article. Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Hill pass in the Derbyshire section of the Peak District</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the novel by Bram Stoker, see <a href="/wiki/The_Snake%27s_Pass" title="The Snake's Pass">The Snake's Pass</a>. For the 2017 video game, see <a href="/wiki/Snake_Pass_(video_game)" title="Snake Pass (video game)">Snake Pass (video game)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:24.5em; line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: #e7dcc3;">Snake Pass</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Snake_Pass_-_geograph.org.uk_-_431557.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Snake_Pass_-_geograph.org.uk_-_431557.jpg/280px-Snake_Pass_-_geograph.org.uk_-_431557.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Snake_Pass_-_geograph.org.uk_-_431557.jpg/420px-Snake_Pass_-_geograph.org.uk_-_431557.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Snake_Pass_-_geograph.org.uk_-_431557.jpg/560px-Snake_Pass_-_geograph.org.uk_-_431557.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Approaching the summit from the Snake Pass Inn</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Summit_(topography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Summit (topography)">Elevation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1,680 feet (510 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Traversed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/A57_road" title="A57 road">A57</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/High_Peak_Estate" title="High Peak Estate">High Peak Estate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peak_District" title="Peak District">Peak District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Derbyshire" title="Derbyshire">Derbyshire</a>, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Mountain_range" title="Mountain range">Range</a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Pennines" title="Pennines">Pennines</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Snake_Pass&params=53.4329_N_1.8689_W_type:pass_region:GB_scale:50000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">53°25′58″N</span> <span class="longitude">1°52′08″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">53.4329°N 1.8689°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">53.4329; -1.8689</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:180px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:180px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:180px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Derbyshire_UK_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Snake Pass is located in Derbyshire"><img alt="Snake Pass is located in Derbyshire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Derbyshire_UK_relief_location_map.jpg/180px-Derbyshire_UK_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Derbyshire_UK_relief_location_map.jpg/270px-Derbyshire_UK_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Derbyshire_UK_relief_location_map.jpg/360px-Derbyshire_UK_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2955" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:13.616%;left:19.906%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Snake Pass"><img alt="Snake Pass" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Shown within <a href="/wiki/Derbyshire" title="Derbyshire">Derbyshire</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Snake Pass</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Mountain_pass" title="Mountain pass">hill pass</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Derbyshire" title="Derbyshire">Derbyshire</a> section of the <a href="/wiki/Peak_District" title="Peak District">Peak District</a>, crossing the <a href="/wiki/Pennines" title="Pennines">Pennines</a> between <a href="/wiki/Glossop" title="Glossop">Glossop</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ladybower_Reservoir" title="Ladybower Reservoir">Ladybower Reservoir</a> at <a href="/wiki/Ashopton" title="Ashopton">Ashopton</a>. The road was engineered by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Telford" title="Thomas Telford">Thomas Telford</a> and opened in 1821. The pass carries the <a href="/wiki/A57_road" title="A57 road">A57 road</a> between <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sheffield" title="Sheffield">Sheffield</a>, but it is no longer the main signposted route between those two cities, with traffic instead directed through the <a href="/wiki/Woodhead_Pass" class="mw-redirect" title="Woodhead Pass">Woodhead Pass</a> to the north. </p><p>Like several other roads that cross the Pennines, Snake Pass has a poor <a href="/wiki/Traffic_collision" title="Traffic collision">accident</a> record compared with roads in the UK generally, although more favourable compared with other roads in the area. It is often closed in winter because of snow, and has seen several longer-term closures owing to <a href="/wiki/Subsidence" title="Subsidence">subsidence</a> following heavy rain. The road remains a popular route for tourists and motorcycles, however, and sections have been used for semi-professional cycling races such as the <a href="/wiki/Tour_of_Britain" title="Tour of Britain">Tour of Britain</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Route_and_location">Route and location</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Snake_Pass&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Route and location"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pennine_Way_at_A57_Snake_Pass_summit_-_geograph.org.uk_-_22692.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Pennine_Way_at_A57_Snake_Pass_summit_-_geograph.org.uk_-_22692.jpg/220px-Pennine_Way_at_A57_Snake_Pass_summit_-_geograph.org.uk_-_22692.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Pennine_Way_at_A57_Snake_Pass_summit_-_geograph.org.uk_-_22692.jpg/330px-Pennine_Way_at_A57_Snake_Pass_summit_-_geograph.org.uk_-_22692.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Pennine_Way_at_A57_Snake_Pass_summit_-_geograph.org.uk_-_22692.jpg/440px-Pennine_Way_at_A57_Snake_Pass_summit_-_geograph.org.uk_-_22692.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Pennine_Way" title="Pennine Way">Pennine Way</a> crosses Snake Pass at its summit.</figcaption></figure> <p>Snake Pass runs through the <a href="/wiki/National_Trust_for_Places_of_Historic_Interest_or_Natural_Beauty" class="mw-redirect" title="National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty">National Trust</a>'s <a href="/wiki/High_Peak_Estate" title="High Peak Estate">High Peak Estate</a>, and lies within the <a href="/wiki/High_Peak,_Derbyshire" title="High Peak, Derbyshire">High Peak</a> borough of <a href="/wiki/Derbyshire" title="Derbyshire">Derbyshire</a>; much of it falls within the <a href="/wiki/Hope_Woodlands" title="Hope Woodlands">Hope Woodlands</a> parish, the remainder being within the <a href="/wiki/Charlesworth,_Derbyshire" title="Charlesworth, Derbyshire">Charlesworth</a> parish.<sup id="cite_ref-map_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-map-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cox_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cox-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is part of the shortest route by road from <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a> to <a href="/wiki/Sheffield" title="Sheffield">Sheffield</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The pass starts east of <a href="/wiki/Glossop" title="Glossop">Glossop</a> and climbs to the <a href="/wiki/Pennines" title="Pennines">Pennines</a> <a href="/wiki/Drainage_divide" title="Drainage divide">watershed</a> between the moorland plateaux of <a href="/wiki/Kinder_Scout" title="Kinder Scout">Kinder Scout</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bleaklow" title="Bleaklow">Bleaklow</a> to a high point of 1,680 feet (510 m) above sea level, where it crosses the <a href="/wiki/Pennine_Way" title="Pennine Way">Pennine Way</a>. After this, it passes a <a href="/wiki/Public_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Public house">public house</a> that used to be known as the Snake Inn, and descends through forest to the <a href="/wiki/Ladybower_Reservoir" title="Ladybower Reservoir">Ladybower Reservoir</a> at <a href="/wiki/Ashopton" title="Ashopton">Ashopton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-map_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-map-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The name of the road matches its winding route, but actually derives from the emblem of the Snake Inn, one of the few buildings on the high stretch of road. In turn, the pub's name and sign were derived from the serpent on the Cavendish arms of <a href="/wiki/William_Cavendish,_6th_Duke_of_Devonshire" title="William Cavendish, 6th Duke of Devonshire">William Cavendish, 6th Duke of Devonshire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dillon_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dillon-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the early 21st century, the inn was renamed the Snake Pass Inn, such that the inn now refers to the road that referred to itself.<sup id="cite_ref-dillon_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dillon-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-turner_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turner-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Snake_Pass&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Snake_Pass_Inn_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5577.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Snake_Pass_Inn_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5577.jpg/220px-Snake_Pass_Inn_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5577.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Snake_Pass_Inn_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5577.jpg/330px-Snake_Pass_Inn_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5577.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Snake_Pass_Inn_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5577.jpg/440px-Snake_Pass_Inn_-_geograph.org.uk_-_5577.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="420" /></a><figcaption>The Snake Pass Inn was originally called the Snake Inn, but is now named after the pass itself, which in turn was named after the pub.</figcaption></figure> <p>An ancient road between <a href="/wiki/Glossop" title="Glossop">Glossop</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ashopton" title="Ashopton">Ashopton</a> was the <a href="/wiki/Doctor%27s_Gate" title="Doctor's Gate">Doctor's Gate</a>, which follows the Shelf Brook between Shelf Moor and Coldharbour Moor.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is marked on some maps as a <a href="/wiki/Roman_road" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman road">Roman road</a>, though this is disputed.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The route is now popular with walkers and <a href="/wiki/Mountain_bike_racing" title="Mountain bike racing">mountain bikers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1932, an <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a> axe thought to be more than 2,000 years old was found near the site of this road.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The current road further south was designed as a <a href="/wiki/Toll_roads_in_Great_Britain" title="Toll roads in Great Britain">toll road</a> by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Telford" title="Thomas Telford">Thomas Telford</a><sup id="cite_ref-nhle_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nhle-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to improve communications east of Glossop, which was expanding as an industrial town.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was originally called the Sheffield to Glossop Turnpike and run by a <a href="/wiki/Turnpike_trust" title="Turnpike trust">turnpike trust</a>, the Sheffield and Glossop Trust. An <a href="/wiki/Act_of_parliament" title="Act of parliament">act of parliament</a> to build the road was passed in 1818,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and construction was financed by the <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Howard,_12th_Duke_of_Norfolk" title="Bernard Howard, 12th Duke of Norfolk">Duke of Norfolk</a> and the Duke of Devonshire.<sup id="cite_ref-albert_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-albert-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The road opened in 1821,<sup id="cite_ref-nhle_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nhle-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> having cost £18,625 to build<sup id="cite_ref-albert_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-albert-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (equivalent to £2 million in 2023<sup id="cite_ref-inflation-UK_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflation-UK-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Upon opening, it was the highest turnpike road in England.<sup id="cite_ref-ddt_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ddt-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The road was immediately popular and increased toll collections of traffic heading to Glossop.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tolls were abolished on the road in June 1870.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The eastern end of the pass is by the <a href="/wiki/River_Derwent,_Derbyshire" title="River Derwent, Derbyshire">River Derwent</a>. The river is bridged by the Ashopton Viaduct, built as part of the <a href="/wiki/Ladybower_Reservoir" title="Ladybower Reservoir">Ladybower Reservoir</a> project between 1935 and 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although Snake Pass is still the shortest route between Manchester and Sheffield, the more northerly <a href="/wiki/A628_road" title="A628 road">Woodhead Pass</a>, which is less steep and at a lower altitude, is now the primary road link between the two cities.<sup id="cite_ref-sabrewoodhead_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sabrewoodhead-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike Snake Pass, the Woodhead route is a <a href="/wiki/Trunk_road" title="Trunk road">trunk road</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sabre628_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sabre628-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sabrewoodhead_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sabrewoodhead-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Traffic levels on both passes remained similar until the 1980s,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the Woodhead Pass route is now favoured<sup id="cite_ref-sabre628_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sabre628-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as it connects directly to the <a href="/wiki/M1_motorway_(England)" class="mw-redirect" title="M1 motorway (England)">M1</a>, while Snake Pass leads into the centre of Sheffield. </p><p>Despite Sheffield and Manchester being among the <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of cities in the United Kingdom">largest UK cities by population</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> there is no direct motorway link between the two. The <a href="/wiki/M67_motorway" title="M67 motorway">M67</a> was originally proposed to be a Manchester to Sheffield motorway, but only a small section bypassing <a href="/wiki/Denton,_Greater_Manchester" title="Denton, Greater Manchester">Denton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hyde,_Greater_Manchester" title="Hyde, Greater Manchester">Hyde</a> was actually built.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Woodhead_Tunnel" title="Woodhead Tunnel">Woodhead Tunnel</a>, which carried a <a href="/wiki/Woodhead_line" title="Woodhead line">Sheffield to Manchester railway line</a>, was closed in 1981, and it was proposed to use it as part of a motorway link<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but linking the cities by road would have meant constructing many costly tunnels and viaducts across the Peak District. Consequently, the plans were shelved, but reports in December 2014 announced a revival of the ambition for a road tunnel to avoid the passes.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1979, the <a href="/wiki/Department_for_Transport" title="Department for Transport">Department of Transport</a> considered closing the road with traffic to be diverted to use the <a href="/wiki/A628_road" title="A628 road">A628</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The road remains popular with drivers. A 2008 survey by <a href="/wiki/Caterham_Cars" title="Caterham Cars">Caterham Cars</a> rated Snake Pass the best driving road in the UK.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following year, it was listed as one of the best roads for driving in Britain by <i><a href="/wiki/Auto_Trader_Group" title="Auto Trader Group">Auto Trader</a></i> magazine, who described it as "offering unparalleled views over Manchester".<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Safety">Safety</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Snake_Pass&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Safety"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A57_-_A_dangerous_road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_616076.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/A57_-_A_dangerous_road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_616076.jpg/220px-A57_-_A_dangerous_road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_616076.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/A57_-_A_dangerous_road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_616076.jpg/330px-A57_-_A_dangerous_road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_616076.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/A57_-_A_dangerous_road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_616076.jpg/440px-A57_-_A_dangerous_road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_616076.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="415" /></a><figcaption>An abandoned car left hanging off the edge of Snake Pass, 1983</figcaption></figure> <p>As would be expected for a road crossing the Pennines, Snake Pass has several dangerous bends and blind summits.<sup id="cite_ref-turner_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turner-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like many roads in the <a href="/wiki/North_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="North of England">North of England</a> passing through similar terrain, Snake Pass has a poor safety record in comparison to other roads in the United Kingdom<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but it is not as dangerous as other roads bisecting hilly terrain in this part of England. It was not among the top ten in lists of the most dangerous roads published by the <a href="/wiki/Road_Safety_Foundation" title="Road Safety Foundation">Road Safety Foundation</a> for <a href="/wiki/EuroRAP" title="EuroRAP">EuroRAP</a> in June 2007 and in July 2010, despite nine of the top ten being in Northern England.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, <a href="/wiki/Derbyshire_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Derbyshire Police">Derbyshire Police</a> announced a campaign to monitor motorcyclists using the pass, who are particularly at risk of being involved in a fatal accident.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Incidents of people being overtaken by bad weather in Snake Pass, and in particular the deaths of three walkers in 1964, led to the organisation of <a href="/wiki/Peak_District_Mountain_Rescue_Organisation" title="Peak District Mountain Rescue Organisation">Peak District Mountain Rescue</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rescue_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rescue-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weather">Weather</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Snake_Pass&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Weather"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Snake_Pass_retaining_wall_repairs.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Snake_Pass_retaining_wall_repairs.JPG/220px-Snake_Pass_retaining_wall_repairs.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Snake_Pass_retaining_wall_repairs.JPG/330px-Snake_Pass_retaining_wall_repairs.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Snake_Pass_retaining_wall_repairs.JPG/440px-Snake_Pass_retaining_wall_repairs.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2160" /></a><figcaption>Repair work to one of the highway's retaining walls, June 2015</figcaption></figure> <p>In winter the road is often the first of the routes between Sheffield and Manchester to be closed following snow in the area.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In bad storms the entire road over the summit, including marker poles, has been buried in snow.<sup id="cite_ref-ddt_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ddt-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Derbyshire_County_Council" title="Derbyshire County Council">Derbyshire County Council</a>, who are the <a href="/wiki/Highway_authority" title="Highway authority">highway authority</a> for Snake Pass, class the route as a priority for gritting<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which is pre-treated ahead of icy weather.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The local borough council, <a href="/wiki/High_Peak_Borough_Council" title="High Peak Borough Council">High Peak Borough Council</a>, who are not responsible for gritting, have stated that they would prefer streets in towns and villages were treated instead, as they believe that roads such as Snake Pass will be closed anyway.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1924, Derbyshire County Council spent £2,000 (equivalent to £144,000 in 2023<sup id="cite_ref-inflation-UK_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflation-UK-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) installing underground telegraph wire cables beneath the road, as the above-ground installations were continually broken and disrupted following snowstorms.<sup id="cite_ref-ddt_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ddt-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Winter_of_2010%E2%80%9311_in_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Winter of 2010–11 in Great Britain and Ireland">British winter of 2010–11</a> was the coldest for decades and the road was closed on numerous occasions.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subsidence">Subsidence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Snake_Pass&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Subsidence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Snake Pass has also been closed for longer periods owing to <a href="/wiki/Subsidence" title="Subsidence">subsidence</a> in the local area following rain. In January 1932, the road was closed after 200 tonnes of debris fell on it during a heavy rainstorm, covering the surface in as much as 4 feet (1.2 m) in places.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 2008, a landslip at Cowms Moor following heavy rain caused the road to be closed to all traffic between Ladybower and Glossop, although access was still available to local premises and businesses including the Snake Pass Inn.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nerc_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nerc-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A subsequent investigation by the <a href="/wiki/British_Geological_Survey" title="British Geological Survey">British Geological Survey</a> showed the road has had a history of subsidence-related long-term closures dating back to the 1930s, including a 1970s project that attempted to strengthen the layer below the tarmac with local rock fill. The road reopened in February, but with temporary traffic lights at the point of the slip restricting traffic to one direction at a time.<sup id="cite_ref-nerc_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nerc-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012, the road had to be closed several times for resurfacing and strengthening.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2022, Snake Pass was closed to motor vehicles after <a href="/wiki/Storm_Eunice" title="Storm Eunice">Storm Eunice</a> caused heavy rain leading to subsidence. Inspectors examining the road found three <a href="/wiki/Slump_(geology)" title="Slump (geology)">slumps</a> in a single mile-long section.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two weeks later, the closure was extended to bicycles, prompting protests; it was reopened on 31 March with weight restrictions and traffic light sections.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That August, the council announced it would be partially closed again to investigate collapses, while the road would be examined with a drilling rig.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2023, the road was closed again after <a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%9322_European_windstorm_season" title="2021–22 European windstorm season">Storm Franklin</a> brought heavy rainfall to the region, causing landslips of up to 2 metres (6 ft 7 in). The closure extended from the turnoff at <a href="/wiki/Ladybower_Reservoir" title="Ladybower Reservoir">Fairholmes</a> to the summit.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cycling_and_hiking">Cycling and hiking</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Snake_Pass&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Cycling and hiking"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Snake Pass is a popular route for cyclists. A 1902 report on leisure cycling in the <i><a href="/wiki/Lancashire_Evening_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Lancashire Evening Post">Lancashire Evening Post</a></i> described the eastward journey from the summit to Ashopton as "nine miles unbroken freewheeling" and the scenery as "magnificent".<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The road is one of only a few road climbs in the UK that are comparable in length and average gradient (approximately 7 per cent for around 3.2 miles (5.1 km) when starting in Glossop) to those used in continental cycle racing.<sup id="cite_ref-jones_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jones-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The road had been part of an 82-mile (132 km) "Tour of the Peak" race, involving climbing the pass twice,<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has frequently featured in the <a href="/wiki/Tour_of_Britain" title="Tour of Britain">Tour of Britain</a> along with another nearby favourite, <a href="/wiki/Holme_Moss" title="Holme Moss">Holme Moss</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-jones_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jones-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Cycling_Time_Trials" title="Cycling Time Trials">Cycling Time Trials</a> sanctioned hill climbs are regularly promoted on this course by local club Glossop Kinder Velo.<sup id="cite_ref-gkv_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gkv-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The record for completing the course is 11 minutes 51 seconds, which was set by <a href="/wiki/Tejvan_Pettinger" title="Tejvan Pettinger">Tejvan Pettinger</a> in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-gkv_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gkv-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The annual <a href="/wiki/Four_Inns_Walk" title="Four Inns Walk">Four Inns Walk</a> has traditionally used parts of the route.<sup id="cite_ref-rescue_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rescue-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bus_route">Bus route</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Snake_Pass&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bus route"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KTD_HulleysOfBaslowEvOrA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/KTD_HulleysOfBaslowEvOrA.jpg/220px-KTD_HulleysOfBaslowEvOrA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/KTD_HulleysOfBaslowEvOrA.jpg/330px-KTD_HulleysOfBaslowEvOrA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/KTD_HulleysOfBaslowEvOrA.jpg/440px-KTD_HulleysOfBaslowEvOrA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="2268" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hulleys_of_Baslow" title="Hulleys of Baslow">Hulleys of Baslow</a> <a href="/wiki/MCV_Evora" title="MCV Evora">MCV Evora</a> in <a href="/wiki/Glossop" title="Glossop">Glossop</a> on the final day of the <a href="/wiki/X57_Snake" title="X57 Snake">X57 Snake</a> service in January 2022</figcaption></figure> <p>Between October 2020 and January 2022, <a href="/wiki/Hulleys_of_Baslow" title="Hulleys of Baslow">Hulleys of Baslow</a> operated the <a href="/wiki/X57_Snake" title="X57 Snake">X57 Snake</a> bus route, which ran between Sheffield and Manchester via the Snake Pass.<sup id="cite_ref-bus_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bus-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The service was withdrawn on 9 January 2022 because low ridership made the route unsustainable.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Snake_Pass&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Snake Pass has been referred to several times by music groups. The track "The Snake" by Sheffield band <a href="/wiki/The_Human_League" title="The Human League">The Human League</a>, from their 2001 album <i><a href="/wiki/Secrets_(Human_League_album)" class="mw-redirect" title="Secrets (Human League album)">Secrets</a></i>, is about the road.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Squarepusher" title="Squarepusher">Squarepusher</a> album <i><a href="/wiki/Selection_Sixteen" title="Selection Sixteen">Selection Sixteen</a></i> features a track entitled "Snake Pass", described by <i><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a></i> as a "monomaniacal thump".<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Comic character <a href="/wiki/John_Shuttleworth_(character)" title="John Shuttleworth (character)">John Shuttleworth</a> has performed a song called "Incident on Snake Pass" about the perils of Snake Pass,<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> relating to an accident he claimed to have had, driving a <a href="/wiki/Ford_Anglia" title="Ford Anglia">Ford Anglia</a> on the road.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Snake_Pass&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">58 Geo. 3 c. xxxv,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-turnpikelist_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turnpikelist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> subsequently repealed and replaced in 1825 by 6 Geo. 4 c.xcviii,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> itself replaced in 1851 by 14 & 15 Vict. c.cxxxiii,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>An Act for repairing the road from Sheffield in the county of York to the Marple Bridge Road in the parish of Glossop in the county of Derby, and the branch to Mortimer's Road in the parish of Hathersage in the said county of Derby.</i> The turnpike trust expired in 1875.<sup id="cite_ref-turnpikelist_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turnpikelist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Snake_Pass&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-map-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-map_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-map_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation map cs1"><i>The Peak District – Dark Peak Area</i> (Map). 1:25 000. Ordnance Survey. 2010. OL 1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Peak+District+%E2%80%93+Dark+Peak+Area&rft.pub=Ordnance+Survey&rft.date=2010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cox-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cox_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCox1994" class="citation book cs1">Cox, Barrie (1994). <i>English Inn and Tavern Names</i>. English Place Name Society. p. 36. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-904889-42-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-904889-42-0"><bdi>978-0-904889-42-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=English+Inn+and+Tavern+Names&rft.pages=36&rft.pub=English+Place+Name+Society&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-904889-42-0&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=Barrie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeadbetter1985" class="citation book cs1">Leadbetter, A. D. (January 1985). "3. A57 Snake Pass, remedial work to slip near Alport Bridge". In Institution of Civil Engineers (ed.). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/pdf/10.1680/fie.02432.0003"><i>A57 Snake Pass, Remedial Work to Slip Near Alport Bridge</i></a></span>. Thomas Telford. p. 29. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1680%2Ffie.02432.0003">10.1680/fie.02432.0003</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7277-0243-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7277-0243-2"><bdi>978-0-7277-0243-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=3.+A57+Snake+Pass%2C+remedial+work+to+slip+near+Alport+Bridge&rft.btitle=A57+Snake+Pass%2C+Remedial+Work+to+Slip+Near+Alport+Bridge&rft.pages=29&rft.pub=Thomas+Telford&rft.date=1985-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1680%2Ffie.02432.0003&rft.isbn=978-0-7277-0243-2&rft.aulast=Leadbetter&rft.aufirst=A.+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icevirtuallibrary.com%2Fdoi%2Fpdf%2F10.1680%2Ffie.02432.0003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dillon-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dillon_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dillon_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDillon2011" class="citation book cs1">Dillon, Paddy (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EEbEmUkVf8wC&pg=PA40"><i>The Pennine Way</i></a>. Cicerone Press. p. 40. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84965-359-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84965-359-6"><bdi>978-1-84965-359-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pennine+Way&rft.pages=40&rft.pub=Cicerone+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-84965-359-6&rft.aulast=Dillon&rft.aufirst=Paddy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEEbEmUkVf8wC%26pg%3DPA40&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-turner-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-turner_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-turner_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurner2012" class="citation book cs1">Turner, Kevin (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JJdGZEgTG8gC&pg=PA17"><i>Bonjour – Is This Italy?: A Hapless Biker's Guide to Europe</i></a>. Veloce Publishing. p. 17. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84584-399-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84584-399-1"><bdi>978-1-84584-399-1</bdi></a>. <q>[...] the infamous Snake Pass, which as its name suggests, is a rather dangerous, serpentine route full of flowing bends and blind crests [...]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bonjour+%E2%80%93+Is+This+Italy%3F%3A+A+Hapless+Biker%27s+Guide+to+Europe&rft.pages=17&rft.pub=Veloce+Publishing&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-84584-399-1&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJJdGZEgTG8gC%26pg%3DPA17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWroe1982" class="citation journal cs1">Wroe, Peter (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archiveDS/archiveDownload?t=arch-2300-1/dissemination/pdf/102/DAJ_v102_1982_049-073.pdf">"Roman roads in the Peak District"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Derbyshire Archaeological Journal</i>. <b>102</b>: 49–73. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5284%2F1066449">10.5284/1066449</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Derbyshire+Archaeological+Journal&rft.atitle=Roman+roads+in+the+Peak+District&rft.volume=102&rft.pages=49-73&rft.date=1982&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5284%2F1066449&rft.aulast=Wroe&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchaeologydataservice.ac.uk%2FarchiveDS%2FarchiveDownload%3Ft%3Darch-2300-1%2Fdissemination%2Fpdf%2F102%2FDAJ_v102_1982_049-073.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor1983" class="citation web cs1">Taylor, G. G. (April 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glossopheritage.co.uk/ghtarchive/docgate/">"Doctor's Gate"</a>. <i>Glossop Heritage</i>. Glossop & District Historical Society<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2020</span>. <q>For well over a century it has appeared on maps as a Roman road, and indeed still does, though some of us had been doubtful for many years.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Glossop+Heritage&rft.atitle=Doctor%27s+Gate&rft.date=1983-04&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=G.+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglossopheritage.co.uk%2Fghtarchive%2Fdocgate%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVesey2000" class="citation book cs1">Vesey, Barbara, ed. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7O-tr4LLVOQC"><i>The Hidden Places of England</i></a>. Travel. p. 478. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-902007-43-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-902007-43-4"><bdi>978-1-902007-43-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hidden+Places+of+England&rft.pages=478&rft.pub=Travel&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1-902007-43-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7O-tr4LLVOQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000541/19321105/225/0010">"Perfectly Shaped Axe Found near Shopton"</a></span>. <i>Derbyshire Times and Chesterfield Herald</i>. 5 November 1932<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/British_Newspaper_Archive" title="British Newspaper Archive">British Newspaper Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Derbyshire+Times+and+Chesterfield+Herald&rft.atitle=Perfectly+Shaped+Axe+Found+near+Shopton&rft.date=1932-11-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk%2Fviewer%2Fbl%2F0000541%2F19321105%2F225%2F0010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nhle-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nhle_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nhle_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_England1203888" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_England" title="Historic England">Historic England</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1203888?section=official-list-entry">"SK 19 SW Parish of Hope Woodlands Snake Road 11/19 (South Side) Milestone II (1203888)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/National_Heritage_List_for_England" title="National Heritage List for England">National Heritage List for England</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2021</span>. <q>The Snake Pass was a toll road sanctioned by Act of Parliament in 1818 and opened in 1821, Thomas Telford engineer.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Heritage+List+for+England&rft.atitle=SK+19+SW+Parish+of+Hope+Woodlands+Snake+Road+11%2F19+%28South+Side%29+Milestone+II+%281203888%29&rft.au=Historic+England&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2FHistoricEngland.org.uk%2Flisting%2Fthe-list%2Flist-entry%2F1203888%3Fsection%3Dofficial-list-entry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/rd/6497500e-f647-4d1c-8811-03689b770720">"John Overend Todd Archive: Howard of Glossop Estate"</a>. National Archives<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+Overend+Todd+Archive%3A+Howard+of+Glossop+Estate&rft.pub=National+Archives&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk%2Fdetails%2Frd%2F6497500e-f647-4d1c-8811-03689b770720&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legislation.gov.uk/changes/chron-tables/local/12">"Chronological Tables of Local Acts (1816–1818)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Legislation.gov.uk" title="Legislation.gov.uk">legislation.gov.uk</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=legislation.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Chronological+Tables+of+Local+Acts+%281816%E2%80%931818%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.legislation.gov.uk%2Fchanges%2Fchron-tables%2Flocal%2F12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-turnpikelist-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-turnpikelist_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-turnpikelist_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosevear2017" class="citation web cs1">Rosevear, Alan (2 September 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turnpikes.org.uk/English%20turnpike%20table.htm">"List of Turnpike Trusts in England"</a>. <i>Turnpike Roads in England and Wales</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Turnpike+Roads+in+England+and+Wales&rft.atitle=List+of+Turnpike+Trusts+in+England&rft.date=2017-09-02&rft.aulast=Rosevear&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turnpikes.org.uk%2FEnglish%2520turnpike%2520table.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legislation.gov.uk/changes/chron-tables/local/16">"Chronological Tables of Local Acts (1825)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Legislation.gov.uk" title="Legislation.gov.uk">legislation.gov.uk</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=legislation.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Chronological+Tables+of+Local+Acts+%281825%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.legislation.gov.uk%2Fchanges%2Fchron-tables%2Flocal%2F16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legislation.gov.uk/changes/chron-tables/local/40">"Chronological Tables of Local Acts (1851)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Legislation.gov.uk" title="Legislation.gov.uk">legislation.gov.uk</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=legislation.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Chronological+Tables+of+Local+Acts+%281851%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.legislation.gov.uk%2Fchanges%2Fchron-tables%2Flocal%2F40&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-albert-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-albert_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-albert_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlbert2007" class="citation book cs1">Albert, William (2007). <i>The Turnpike Road System in England: 1663–1840</i>. Cambridge University Press. p. 105. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-03391-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-03391-6"><bdi>978-0-521-03391-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Turnpike+Road+System+in+England%3A+1663%E2%80%931840&rft.pages=105&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-521-03391-6&rft.aulast=Albert&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-inflation-UK-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-UK_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inflation-UK_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">UK <a href="/wiki/Retail_Price_Index" title="Retail Price Index">Retail Price Index</a> inflation figures are based on data from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClark2017" class="citation web cs1">Clark, Gregory (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://measuringworth.com/datasets/ukearncpi/">"The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/MeasuringWorth" title="MeasuringWorth">MeasuringWorth</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MeasuringWorth&rft.atitle=The+Annual+RPI+and+Average+Earnings+for+Britain%2C+1209+to+Present+%28New+Series%29&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmeasuringworth.com%2Fdatasets%2Fukearncpi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ddt-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ddt_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ddt_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ddt_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000327/19241101/007/0003">"Town and County Gossip"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Derby_Telegraph" title="Derby Telegraph">Derby Daily Telegraph</a></i>. 1 November 1924. p. 3<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/British_Newspaper_Archive" title="British Newspaper Archive">British Newspaper Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Derby+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Town+and+County+Gossip&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1924-11-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk%2Fviewer%2Fbl%2F0000327%2F19241101%2F007%2F0003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000491/18220504/028/0003">"Turpike Tolls to let"</a></span>. <i>Sheffield Independent</i>. 4 May 1822. p. 3<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/British_Newspaper_Archive" title="British Newspaper Archive">British Newspaper Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sheffield+Independent&rft.atitle=Turpike+Tolls+to+let&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1822-05-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk%2Fviewer%2Fbl%2F0000491%2F18220504%2F028%2F0003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000181/18830508/006/0002">"Local Turnpikes Case"</a></span>. <i>Sheffield Independent</i>. 8 May 1883. p. 2<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/British_Newspaper_Archive" title="British Newspaper Archive">British Newspaper Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sheffield+Independent&rft.atitle=Local+Turnpikes+Case&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1883-05-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk%2Fviewer%2Fbl%2F0000181%2F18830508%2F006%2F0002&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000541/19450921/121/0007">"To Be Opened By H.M. The King: Full Description of the Ladybower Reservoir"</a></span>. <i>Derbyshire Times and Chesterfield Herald</i>. 21 September 1945. p. 7 – via <a href="/wiki/British_Newspaper_Archive" title="British Newspaper Archive">British Newspaper Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Derbyshire+Times+and+Chesterfield+Herald&rft.atitle=To+Be+Opened+By+H.M.+The+King%3A+Full+Description+of+the+Ladybower+Reservoir&rft.pages=7&rft.date=1945-09-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk%2Fviewer%2Fbl%2F0000541%2F19450921%2F121%2F0007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sabrewoodhead-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sabrewoodhead_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sabrewoodhead_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sabre-roads.org.uk/wiki/index.php?title=Woodhead_Pass">"Woodhead Pass"</a>. <i>Roader's Digest: The SABRE Wiki</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2021</span>. <q>The [Woodhead Pass] crossing replaced the A57 Snake Pass in the early 20th Century, being less arduous. Indeed, the route is mostly made up of more gentle gradients and curves than the Snake Pass [...] the A628 being the major route between Manchester and Sheffield [...]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Roader%27s+Digest%3A+The+SABRE+Wiki&rft.atitle=Woodhead+Pass&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sabre-roads.org.uk%2Fwiki%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DWoodhead_Pass&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/860488/Network_management_08-01-2020.pdf">"Network Management Map"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Highways England. January 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Network+Management+Map&rft.pub=Highways+England&rft.date=2020-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.publishing.service.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fuploads%2Fsystem%2Fuploads%2Fattachment_data%2Ffile%2F860488%2FNetwork_management_08-01-2020.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sabre628-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sabre628_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sabre628_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sabre-roads.org.uk/wiki/index.php?title=A628">"A628"</a>. <i>Roader's Digest: The SABRE Wiki</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Roader%27s+Digest%3A+The+SABRE+Wiki&rft.atitle=A628&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sabre-roads.org.uk%2Fwiki%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DA628&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChalker1984" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Lynda_Chalker" title="Lynda Chalker">Chalker, Lynda</a> (19 March 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/written-answers/1984/mar/19/woodhead-route">"Woodhead Route"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)</a></i>. Vol. 56. House of Commons. col. 335W<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2021</span>. <q>A628: August 1973. 4,000 vehicles per day [...] July 1983. 4,000 vehicles per day [...] A57: August 1973. 4,800 vehicles per day [...] April 1981. 3,500 vehicles per day</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Woodhead+Route&rft.btitle=Parliamentary+Debates+%28Hansard%29&rft.pages=col.-335W&rft.pub=House+of+Commons&rft.date=1984-03-19&rft.aulast=Chalker&rft.aufirst=Lynda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.parliament.uk%2Fhistoric-hansard%2Fwritten-answers%2F1984%2Fmar%2F19%2Fwoodhead-route&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChampion2014" class="citation report cs1">Champion, Tony (June 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/321814/14-802-people-in-cities-numbers.pdf">People in cities: the numbers</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). Government Office for Science. p. 53<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=People+in+cities%3A+the+numbers&rft.pages=53&rft.pub=Government+Office+for+Science&rft.date=2014-06&rft.aulast=Champion&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fuploads%2Fsystem%2Fuploads%2Fattachment_data%2Ffile%2F321814%2F14-802-people-in-cities-numbers.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itv.com/news/calendar/2016-03-15/sheffield-manchester-route-would-be-first-major-cross-pennines-link-since-m62">"Sheffield – Manchester route would be first major cross-Pennines link since M62"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Calendar_(British_TV_programme)" title="Calendar (British TV programme)">ITV News Calendar</a></i>. <q>The original plan – half a century ago – was that the M67 would be the start of a trans-Pennine motorway linking Manchester with the M1 in South Yorkshire.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ITV+News+Calendar&rft.atitle=Sheffield+%E2%80%93+Manchester+route+would+be+first+major+cross-Pennines+link+since+M62&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.itv.com%2Fnews%2Fcalendar%2F2016-03-15%2Fsheffield-manchester-route-would-be-first-major-cross-pennines-link-since-m62&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ciht.org.uk/ukma/motorways-by-region/m67/">"M67 Hyde By-pass and Denton Relief Road"</a>. <i>UK Motorways Archive</i>. Chartered Institution of Highways & Transportation. <q>It was the intention that, in due course, the motorway would be extended as an improved route through to Sheffield.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UK+Motorways+Archive&rft.atitle=M67+Hyde+By-pass+and+Denton+Relief+Road&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ciht.org.uk%2Fukma%2Fmotorways-by-region%2Fm67%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarshall" class="citation web cs1">Marshall, Chris. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.roads.org.uk/motorway/m67/">"M67"</a>. <i>Roads.org.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2020</span>. <q>The main rail line between Sheffield and Manchester [...] was run into ruin by the Department of the Environment with the intention that its tunnel could be used as an all-weather route for the motorway through the most mountainous section. It was only when one of the best intercity lines in the country had been fully closed that [...] the new motorway route was subsequently scrapped.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Roads.org.uk&rft.atitle=M67&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.roads.org.uk%2Fmotorway%2Fm67%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-30277068">"Sheffield to Manchester £6bn road tunnel 'plan' announced"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. 1 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Sheffield+to+Manchester+%C2%A36bn+road+tunnel+%27plan%27+announced&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-30277068&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.commercialmotor.com/article/7th-september-1979/20/snake-pass-to-close">"Snake Pass to close?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Motor" title="Commercial Motor">Commercial Motor</a></i>. 7 September 1979. p. 18.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Commercial+Motor&rft.atitle=Snake+Pass+to+close%3F&rft.pages=18&rft.date=1979-09-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.commercialmotor.com%2Farticle%2F7th-september-1979%2F20%2Fsnake-pass-to-close&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402204023/http://www.thestar.co.uk/what-s-on/out-about/snake-pass-is-voted-best-road-1-254557">"Snake Pass is voted best road"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sheffield_Star" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheffield Star">The Star</a></i>. Sheffield. 16 September 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thestar.co.uk/what-s-on/out-about/snake-pass-is-voted-best-road-1-254557">the original</a> on 2 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Star&rft.atitle=Snake+Pass+is+voted+best+road&rft.date=2008-09-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.co.uk%2Fwhat-s-on%2Fout-about%2Fsnake-pass-is-voted-best-road-1-254557&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120312152642/http://www.autotrader.co.uk/EDITORIAL/car_page_content/englands_best_driving_road_revealed.html">"England's best driving road – revealed"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Auto_Trader_Group" title="Auto Trader Group">Auto Trader</a></i>. 23 April 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.autotrader.co.uk/EDITORIAL/car_page_content/englands_best_driving_road_revealed.html">the original</a> on 12 March 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Auto+Trader&rft.atitle=England%27s+best+driving+road+%E2%80%93+revealed&rft.date=2009-04-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.autotrader.co.uk%2FEDITORIAL%2Fcar_page_content%2Fenglands_best_driving_road_revealed.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBond2018" class="citation web cs1">Bond, Lucy (15 November 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.examinerlive.co.uk/news/motoring/most-dangerous-roads-uk-during-15420090">"These are some of the most dangerous roads in the UK during winter"</a>. <q>The Snake Pass, which has a poor accident record [...] was once the main signposted route between Manchester and Sheffield, but authorities have since thought better of directing traffic towards this treacherous trail, which is particularly vulnerable to snow and subsidence.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=These+are+some+of+the+most+dangerous+roads+in+the+UK+during+winter&rft.date=2018-11-15&rft.aulast=Bond&rft.aufirst=Lucy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.examinerlive.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fmotoring%2Fmost-dangerous-roads-uk-during-15420090&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10454356">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Most dangerous' roads in Britain named by safety group"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 1 July 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=%27Most+dangerous%27+roads+in+Britain+named+by+safety+group&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2F10454356&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/6236636.stm">"Britain's most dangerous roads"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 25 June 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Britain%27s+most+dangerous+roads&rft.date=2007-06-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fuk%2F6236636.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/local-news/police-in-bid-to-reduce-snake-pass-686095">"Police in bid to reduce Snake Pass road deaths"</a>. <i>Manchester Evening News</i>. 5 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manchester+Evening+News&rft.atitle=Police+in+bid+to+reduce+Snake+Pass+road+deaths&rft.date=2012-04-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manchestereveningnews.co.uk%2Fnews%2Flocal-news%2Fpolice-in-bid-to-reduce-snake-pass-686095&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rescue-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rescue_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rescue_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarby2021" class="citation news cs1">Harby, Jennifer (28 August 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-derbyshire-58335440">"The tragedy that saw the birth of the Peak District mountain rescue teams"</a>. <i>BBC News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=The+tragedy+that+saw+the+birth+of+the+Peak+District+mountain+rescue+teams&rft.date=2021-08-28&rft.aulast=Harby&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-derbyshire-58335440&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNuttallNuttall1990" class="citation book cs1">Nuttall, John; Nuttall, Anne (1990). <i>Mountains of England and Wales</i>. <a href="/wiki/Cicerone_Press" title="Cicerone Press">Cicerone Press</a>. p. 293. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85284-037-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85284-037-2"><bdi>978-1-85284-037-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mountains+of+England+and+Wales&rft.pages=293&rft.pub=Cicerone+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-1-85284-037-2&rft.aulast=Nuttall&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Nuttall%2C+Anne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.derbyshire.gov.uk/applications/latest-winter-update/">"Gritting routes"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Derbyshire_County_Council" title="Derbyshire County Council">Derbyshire County Council</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Derbyshire+County+Council&rft.atitle=Gritting+routes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapps.derbyshire.gov.uk%2Fapplications%2Flatest-winter-update%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeckettTerry2020" class="citation web cs1">Beckett, Paul; Terry, Bronwen (November 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.derbyshire.gov.uk/site-elements/documents/pdf/transport-roads/highways-infrastructure-asset-management/winter-service-plan.pdf">"Winter Service Plan"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Derbyshire_County_Council" title="Derbyshire County Council">Derbyshire County Council</a></i>. p. 11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Derbyshire+County+Council&rft.atitle=Winter+Service+Plan&rft.pages=11&rft.date=2020-11&rft.aulast=Beckett&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.au=Terry%2C+Bronwen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.derbyshire.gov.uk%2Fsite-elements%2Fdocuments%2Fpdf%2Ftransport-roads%2Fhighways-infrastructure-asset-management%2Fwinter-service-plan.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304052227/http://www.highpeak.gov.uk/sites/default/files/meetings/papers/HPBC_04_Environment_Select_Committee_20100309.pdf">Environment Select Committee Meeting</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). <a href="/wiki/High_Peak_Borough_Council" title="High Peak Borough Council">High Peak Borough Council</a>. 16 February 2010. p. 2. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.highpeak.gov.uk/sites/default/files/meetings/papers/HPBC_04_Environment_Select_Committee_20100309.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2015</span>. <q>[...] it was suggested that [...] resources be diverted to ensure roads through towns and villages were passable, with less emphasis on roads such as the Snake Pass and Cat & Fiddle road which will inevitably be closed.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Environment+Select+Committee+Meeting&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=High+Peak+Borough+Council&rft.date=2010-02-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.highpeak.gov.uk%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fmeetings%2Fpapers%2FHPBC_04_Environment_Select_Committee_20100309.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-derbyshire-11901184">"Derbyshire hit by road and school closures over snow"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 2 December 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2011</span>. <q>The A57 Snake Pass is closed in both directions between the Hurst Road junction in Glossop and the A6013.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Derbyshire+hit+by+road+and+school+closures+over+snow&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-derbyshire-11901184&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarr2010" class="citation news cs1">Carr, Sue (17 December 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/local-news/snake-pass-closed-as-snow-returns-1220905">"Snake Pass closed as snow returns"</a>. <i>Manchester Evening News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manchester+Evening+News&rft.atitle=Snake+Pass+closed+as+snow+returns&rft.date=2010-12-17&rft.aulast=Carr&rft.aufirst=Sue&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manchestereveningnews.co.uk%2Fnews%2Flocal-news%2Fsnake-pass-closed-as-snow-returns-1220905&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000541/19320109/337/0012">"Landslide on the Snake"</a></span>. <i>Derbyshire Times and Chesterfield Herald</i>. 9 January 1932. p. 12 – via <a href="/wiki/British_Newspaper_Archive" title="British Newspaper Archive">British Newspaper Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Derbyshire+Times+and+Chesterfield+Herald&rft.atitle=Landslide+on+the+Snake&rft.pages=12&rft.date=1932-01-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk%2Fviewer%2Fbl%2F0000541%2F19320109%2F337%2F0012&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304052346/http://www.sheffieldtelegraph.co.uk/what-s-on/traffic-alert-landslide-closes-a57-1-235050">"Traffic Alert: Landslide closes A57"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sheffield_Telegraph" title="Sheffield Telegraph">Sheffield Telegraph</a></i>. 25 January 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sheffieldtelegraph.co.uk/what-s-on/traffic-alert-landslide-closes-a57-1-235050">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 March</span> 2015</span>. <q>The Snake Pass [...] is closed until further notice because of a landslide following heavy rain earlier this week. [...] Access to the Snake Pass Inn is still possible.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sheffield+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Traffic+Alert%3A+Landslide+closes+A57&rft.date=2008-01-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sheffieldtelegraph.co.uk%2Fwhat-s-on%2Ftraffic-alert-landslide-closes-a57-1-235050&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nerc-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nerc_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nerc_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/3724/1/OR08006.pdf">Walkover survey of a landslide on the A57 (Snake Pass) road at Cowms Moor, Derbyshire in January 2008</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). British Geological Survey. 16 May 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Walkover+survey+of+a+landslide+on+the+A57+%28Snake+Pass%29+road+at+Cowms+Moor%2C+Derbyshire+in+January+2008&rft.pub=British+Geological+Survey&rft.date=2008-05-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnora.nerc.ac.uk%2F3724%2F1%2FOR08006.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/local-news/snake-pass-to-close-for-three-weekends-801116">"Snake Pass to close for three weekends"</a>. <i>Manchester Evening News</i>. 29 October 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manchester+Evening+News&rft.atitle=Snake+Pass+to+close+for+three+weekends&rft.date=2012-10-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manchestereveningnews.co.uk%2Fnews%2Flocal-news%2Fsnake-pass-to-close-for-three-weekends-801116&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-derbyshire-60498001">"Snake Pass: Peak District A57 shut for at least a month"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 23 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Snake+Pass%3A+Peak+District+A57+shut+for+at+least+a+month&rft.date=2022-02-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-derbyshire-60498001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatson2022" class="citation news cs1">Watson, Greig (29 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-derbyshire-60906018">"A57 Snake Pass: Road to reopen with weight limit"</a>. <i>BBC News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=A57+Snake+Pass%3A+Road+to+reopen+with+weight+limit&rft.date=2022-03-29&rft.aulast=Watson&rft.aufirst=Greig&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-derbyshire-60906018&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOchnio2022" class="citation news cs1">Ochnio, Dominik (31 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.shefnews.co.uk/2022/03/31/snake-pass/">"Snake Pass has been reopened with new restrictions"</a>. <i>Shef News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Shef+News&rft.atitle=Snake+Pass+has+been+reopened+with+new+restrictions&rft.date=2022-03-31&rft.aulast=Ochnio&rft.aufirst=Dominik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.shefnews.co.uk%2F2022%2F03%2F31%2Fsnake-pass%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/crgex0k545mo">"A57 Snake Pass to close for investigation into landslip"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 17 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=A57+Snake+Pass+to+close+for+investigation+into+landslip&rft.date=2022-08-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fcrgex0k545mo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarby2022" class="citation news cs1">Harby, Jennifer (26 September 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220926050234/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-derbyshire-62974498">"Snake Pass to close for landslip investigation"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-derbyshire-62974498">the original</a> on 26 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Snake+Pass+to+close+for+landslip+investigation&rft.date=2022-09-26&rft.aulast=Harby&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-derbyshire-62974498&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c2lp8pl7gepo">"A57 Snake Pass: Landslip repairs will see road shut for five days"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 15 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=A57+Snake+Pass%3A+Landslip+repairs+will+see+road+shut+for+five+days&rft.date=2023-05-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fc2lp8pl7gepo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000711/19021203/068/0004">"Cycling Notes by Ixion"</a></span>. <i>Lancashire Evening Post</i>. 3 December 1902. p. 4<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/British_Newspaper_Archive" title="British Newspaper Archive">British Newspaper Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lancashire+Evening+Post&rft.atitle=Cycling+Notes+by+Ixion&rft.pages=4&rft.date=1902-12-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk%2Fviewer%2Fbl%2F0000711%2F19021203%2F068%2F0004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jones-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jones_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jones_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJones2013" class="citation book cs1">Jones, Tom (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7OIDYUCBNl4C"><i>Mad Dogs and Englishmen: A Year of Things to See and Do in England</i></a>. Random House. p. 50. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7535-4957-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7535-4957-5"><bdi>978-0-7535-4957-5</bdi></a>. <q>[...] one of only a few roads that can compete with the hill stages of Alpine cycling [...]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mad+Dogs+and+Englishmen%3A+A+Year+of+Things+to+See+and+Do+in+England&rft.pages=50&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-7535-4957-5&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7OIDYUCBNl4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000379/19430618/019/0003">"Cycling : Despatch from "Clubman"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a></span>. <i>Lichfield Mercury</i>. 18 June 1943. p. 3<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/British_Newspaper_Archive" title="British Newspaper Archive">British Newspaper Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lichfield+Mercury&rft.atitle=Cycling+%3A+Despatch+from+%22Clubman%22&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1943-06-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk%2Fviewer%2Fbl%2F0000379%2F19430618%2F019%2F0003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gkv-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gkv_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gkv_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.glossopkindervelo.co.uk/index.php/cycling-events/snake-pass-hill-climb/">"Snake Pass Hill Climb"</a>. Glossop Kinder Velo<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Snake+Pass+Hill+Climb&rft.pub=Glossop+Kinder+Velo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.glossopkindervelo.co.uk%2Findex.php%2Fcycling-events%2Fsnake-pass-hill-climb%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cyclingweekly.co.uk/racing/british-racing/tejvan-pettinger-wins-glossop-kinder-velo-hill-climb-134358">"Tejvan Pettinger wins Glossop Kinder Velo hill-climb"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Cycling_Weekly" title="Cycling Weekly">Cycling Weekly</a></i>. 31 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cycling+Weekly&rft.atitle=Tejvan+Pettinger+wins+Glossop+Kinder+Velo+hill-climb&rft.date=2014-08-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cyclingweekly.co.uk%2Fracing%2Fbritish-racing%2Ftejvan-pettinger-wins-glossop-kinder-velo-hill-climb-134358&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bus-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bus_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCumber2020" class="citation news cs1">Cumber, Robert (16 September 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thestar.co.uk/news/transport/new-sheffield-manchester-bus-route-across-peak-district-could-be-countrys-most-picturesque-2973111">"New Sheffield-Manchester bus route across Peak District could be country's most picturesque"</a>. <i>The Star</i>. Sheffield<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Star&rft.atitle=New+Sheffield-Manchester+bus+route+across+Peak+District+could+be+country%27s+most+picturesque&rft.date=2020-09-16&rft.aulast=Cumber&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.co.uk%2Fnews%2Ftransport%2Fnew-sheffield-manchester-bus-route-across-peak-district-could-be-countrys-most-picturesque-2973111&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKessen2021" class="citation news cs1">Kessen, David (26 November 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thestar.co.uk/news/transport/sheffield-buses-hulleys-to-scrap-sheffield-to-manchester-x57-snake-pass-service-3473481">"Sheffield to Manchester bus route via Snake Pass to be withdrawn in the New Year"</a>. <i>The Star</i>. Sheffield<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Star&rft.atitle=Sheffield+to+Manchester+bus+route+via+Snake+Pass+to+be+withdrawn+in+the+New+Year&rft.date=2021-11-26&rft.aulast=Kessen&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.co.uk%2Fnews%2Ftransport%2Fsheffield-buses-hulleys-to-scrap-sheffield-to-manchester-x57-snake-pass-service-3473481&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2012" class="citation journal cs1">Smith, Mike (21 July 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.greatbritishlife.co.uk/homes-and-gardens/places-to-live/taking-the-high-road-from-glossop-to-ladybower-6499526">"Taking the High Road from Glossop to Ladybower"</a>. <i>Derbyshire Life and Countryside</i>. Archant Community Media<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2021</span> – via Great British Life. <q>The fame of the Snake Pass has spread well beyond the Peak District [...] the Human League even wrote a song about it, featuring the refrain: 'Come and join us/Come and join us/From the valley to the hillside/From the upside to the down'.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Derbyshire+Life+and+Countryside&rft.atitle=Taking+the+High+Road+from+Glossop+to+Ladybower&rft.date=2012-07-21&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.greatbritishlife.co.uk%2Fhomes-and-gardens%2Fplaces-to-live%2Ftaking-the-high-road-from-glossop-to-ladybower-6499526&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrackettHoard2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Brackett" title="Nathan Brackett">Brackett, Nathan</a>; <a href="/wiki/Christian_Hoard" title="Christian Hoard">Hoard, Christian David</a>, eds. (2004). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newrollingstonea00brac/page/773"><i>The New Rolling Stone Album Guide</i></a></span>. Simon and Schuster. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newrollingstonea00brac/page/773">773</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-0169-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-0169-8"><bdi>978-0-7432-0169-8</bdi></a>. <q>[...] only the monomaniacal thump of "Snake Pass" delivers the goods.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Rolling+Stone+Album+Guide&rft.pages=773&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-7432-0169-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnewrollingstonea00brac%2Fpage%2F773&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalters2017" class="citation news cs1">Walters, Sarah (26 January 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/whats-on/comedy-news/john-shuttleworth-lowry-review-theatre-12511469">"Review: John Shuttleworth at The Lowry"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Evening_News" title="Manchester Evening News">Manchester Evening News</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manchester+Evening+News&rft.atitle=Review%3A+John+Shuttleworth+at+The+Lowry&rft.date=2017-01-26&rft.aulast=Walters&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.manchestereveningnews.co.uk%2Fwhats-on%2Fcomedy-news%2Fjohn-shuttleworth-lowry-review-theatre-12511469&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlackwell2010" class="citation news cs1">Blackwell, Holly (20 October 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053425/http://www.thevisitor.co.uk/news/shuttleworth-s-on-a-roll-1-2227188">"Shuttleworth's on a roll"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Visitor_(newspaper)" title="The Visitor (newspaper)">The Visitor</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thevisitor.co.uk/news/shuttleworth-s-on-a-roll-1-2227188">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2015</span>. <q>I had the incident on the Snake Pass in the Ford Anglia.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Visitor&rft.atitle=Shuttleworth%27s+on+a+roll&rft.date=2010-10-20&rft.aulast=Blackwell&rft.aufirst=Holly&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thevisitor.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fshuttleworth-s-on-a-roll-1-2227188&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASnake+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Snake_Pass&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px 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href="/wiki/Template:High_Peak" title="Template:High Peak"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:High_Peak" title="Template talk:High Peak"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:High_Peak" title="Special:EditPage/Template:High Peak"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Borough_of_High_Peak" class="vcard" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Borough of <span class="fn org"><a href="/wiki/High_Peak,_Derbyshire" title="High Peak, Derbyshire">High Peak</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major settlements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buxton" title="Buxton">Buxton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapel-en-le-Frith" title="Chapel-en-le-Frith">Chapel-en-le-Frith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossop" title="Glossop">Glossop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadfield,_Derbyshire" title="Hadfield, Derbyshire">Hadfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mills" title="New Mills">New Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaley_Bridge" title="Whaley Bridge">Whaley Bridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Villages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashopton" title="Ashopton">Ashopton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamford" title="Bamford">Bamford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birch_Vale" title="Birch Vale">Birch Vale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brough_and_Shatton" title="Brough and Shatton">Brough and Shatton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buxworth" title="Buxworth">Buxworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castleton,_Derbyshire" title="Castleton, Derbyshire">Castleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlesworth,_Derbyshire" title="Charlesworth, Derbyshire">Charlesworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinley" title="Chinley">Chinley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chisworth" title="Chisworth">Chisworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowden,_Derbyshire" title="Crowden, Derbyshire">Crowden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derwent,_Derbyshire" title="Derwent, Derbyshire">Derwent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dove_Holes" title="Dove Holes">Dove Holes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edale" title="Edale">Edale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furness_Vale" title="Furness Vale">Furness Vale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamesley" title="Gamesley">Gamesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hague_Bar" title="Hague Bar">Hague Bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayfield,_Derbyshire" title="Hayfield, Derbyshire">Hayfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hope,_Derbyshire" title="Hope, Derbyshire">Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padfield" title="Padfield">Padfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peak_Forest" title="Peak Forest">Peak Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peak_Dale" title="Peak Dale">Peak Dale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowarth" title="Rowarth">Rowarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparrowpit" title="Sparrowpit">Sparrowpit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tintwistle" title="Tintwistle">Tintwistle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodhead,_Derbyshire" title="Woodhead, Derbyshire">Woodhead</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Waterways</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peak_Forest_Canal" title="Peak Forest Canal">Peak Forest Canal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/River_Alport" title="River Alport">Alport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Ashop" title="River Ashop">Ashop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Dane" title="River Dane">Dane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Derwent,_Derbyshire" title="River Derwent, Derbyshire">Derwent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Dove,_Central_England" class="mw-redirect" title="River Dove, Central England">Dove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Etherow" title="River Etherow">Etherow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Goyt" title="River Goyt">Goyt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Kinder" title="River Kinder">Kinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peakshole_Water" title="Peakshole Water">Peakshole Water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Noe" title="River Noe">Noe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Sett" title="River Sett">Sett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Westend" title="River Westend">Westend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Wye,_Derbyshire" title="River Wye, Derbyshire">Wye</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rail</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buxton_railway_station" title="Buxton railway station">Buxton railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapel-en-le-Frith_railway_station" title="Chapel-en-le-Frith railway station">Chapel-en-le-Frith railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossop_railway_station" title="Glossop railway station">Glossop railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadfield_railway_station" title="Hadfield railway station">Hadfield railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mills_Central_railway_station" title="New Mills Central railway station">New Mills Central railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaley_Bridge_railway_station" title="Whaley Bridge railway station">Whaley Bridge railway station</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Road</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A6_road_(England)" title="A6 road (England)">A6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A57_road" title="A57 road">A57</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Snake Pass</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A624_road" title="A624 road">A624</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture, leisure<br />and tourism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buxton_Crescent" title="Buxton Crescent">Buxton Crescent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buxton_Opera_House" title="Buxton Opera House">Buxton Opera House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devonshire_Dome" title="Devonshire Dome">Devonshire Dome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Peak_Trail" title="High Peak Trail">High Peak Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinder_Scout" title="Kinder Scout">Kinder Scout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennine_Way" title="Pennine Way">Pennine Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peveril_Castle" title="Peveril Castle">Peveril Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mam_Tor" title="Mam Tor">Mam Tor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ardotalia" title="Ardotalia">Melandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mills#Landmarks" title="New Mills">Millennium Walkway, New Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speedwell_Cavern" title="Speedwell Cavern">Speedwell Cavern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon%27s_Temple,_Buxton" title="Solomon's Temple, Buxton">Solomon's Temple</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Education</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Derbyshire" title="List of schools in Derbyshire">Schools</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/University_of_Derby#University_of_Derby_Buxton" title="University of Derby">University of Buxton</a></dd> <dt>Governance</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/High_Peak_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="High Peak (UK Parliament constituency)">High Peak (constituency)</a></dd> <dt>Historic</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mass_trespass_of_Kinder_Scout" title="Mass trespass of Kinder Scout">Mass trespass of Kinder Scout</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Well_dressing" title="Well dressing">Well dressing</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Woodhead_Tunnel" title="Woodhead Tunnel">Woodhead Tunnel</a></dd> <dt>Sport</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Buxton_F.C." title="Buxton F.C.">Buxton F.C.</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chapel_Town_F.C." title="Chapel Town F.C.">Chapel Town F.C.</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Glossop_North_End_A.F.C." title="Glossop North End A.F.C.">Glossop North End A.F.C.</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/New_Mills_A.F.C." title="New Mills A.F.C.">New Mills A.F.C.</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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