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Chen</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Jian Chen"> <meta name="keywords" content="Jian Chen"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Jian Chen"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1363</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Jian Chen</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1213</span> Numerical Investigation on the Interior Wind Noise of a Passenger Car</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liu%20Ying-jie">Liu Ying-jie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lu%20Wen-bo"> Lu Wen-bo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peng%20Cheng-jian"> Peng Cheng-jian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the development of the automotive technology and electric vehicle, the contribution of the wind noise on the interior noise becomes the main source of noise. The main transfer path which the exterior excitation is transmitted through is the greenhouse panels and side windows. Simulating the wind noise transmitted into the vehicle accurately in the early development stage can be very challenging. The basic methodologies of this study were based on the Lighthill analogy; the exterior flow field around a passenger car was computed using unsteady Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) firstly and then a Finite Element Method (FEM) was used to compute the interior acoustic response. The major findings of this study include: 1) The Sound Pressure Level (SPL) response at driver’s ear locations is mainly induced by the turbulence pressure fluctuation; 2) Peaks were found over the full frequency range. It is found that the methodology used in this study could predict the interior wind noise induced by the exterior aerodynamic excitation in industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20noise" title="wind noise">wind noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics" title=" computational fluid dynamics"> computational fluid dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passenger%20car" title=" passenger car"> passenger car</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108180/numerical-investigation-on-the-interior-wind-noise-of-a-passenger-car" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108180.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1212</span> Dual-Channel Reliable Breast Ultrasound Image Classification Based on Explainable Attribution and Uncertainty Quantification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haonan%20Hu">Haonan Hu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shuge%20Lei"> Shuge Lei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dasheng%20Sun"> Dasheng Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huabin%20Zhang"> Huabin Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kehong%20Yuan"> Kehong Yuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Dai"> Jian Dai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jijun%20Tang"> Jijun Tang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper focuses on the classification task of breast ultrasound images and conducts research on the reliability measurement of classification results. A dual-channel evaluation framework was developed based on the proposed inference reliability and predictive reliability scores. For the inference reliability evaluation, human-aligned and doctor-agreed inference rationals based on the improved feature attribution algorithm SP-RISA are gracefully applied. Uncertainty quantification is used to evaluate the predictive reliability via the test time enhancement. The effectiveness of this reliability evaluation framework has been verified on the breast ultrasound clinical dataset YBUS, and its robustness is verified on the public dataset BUSI. The expected calibration errors on both datasets are significantly lower than traditional evaluation methods, which proves the effectiveness of the proposed reliability measurement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20imaging" title="medical imaging">medical imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound%20imaging" title=" ultrasound imaging"> ultrasound imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XAI" title=" XAI"> XAI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertainty%20measurement" title=" uncertainty measurement"> uncertainty measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trustworthy%20AI" title=" trustworthy AI"> trustworthy AI</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176771/dual-channel-reliable-breast-ultrasound-image-classification-based-on-explainable-attribution-and-uncertainty-quantification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176771.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1211</span> UEMG-FHR Coupling Analysis in Pregnancies Complicated by Pre-Eclampsia and Small for Gestational Age</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kun%20Chen">Kun Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan%20Wang"> Yan Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yangyu%20Zhao"> Yangyu Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shufang%20Li"> Shufang Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lian%20Chen"> Lian Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoyue%20Guo"> Xiaoyue Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jue%20Zhang"> Jue Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jing%20Fang"> Jing Fang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The coupling strength between uterine electromyography (UEMG) and Fetal heart rate (FHR) signals during peripartum reflects the fetal biophysical activities. Therefore, UEMG-FHR coupling characterization is instructive in assessing placenta function. This study introduced a physiological marker named elevated frequency of UEMG-FHR coupling (E-UFC) and explored its predictive value for pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia and small for gestational age (SGA). Placental insufficiency patients (n=12) and healthy volunteers (n=24) were recruited and participated. UEMG and FHR were recorded non-invasively by a trans-abdominal device in women at term with singleton pregnancy (32-37 weeks) from 10:00 pm to 8:00 am. The product of the wavelet coherence and the wavelet cross-spectral power between UEMG and FHR was used to weight these two effects in order to quantify the degree of the UEMG-FHR coupling. E-UFC was exacted from the resultant spectrogram by calculating the mean value of the high-coherence (r > 0.5) frequency band. Results showed the high-coherence between UEMG and FHR was observed in the frequency band (1/512-1/16Hz). In addition, E-UFC in placental insufficiency patients was weaker compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001) at group level. These findings suggested the proposed approach could be used to quantitatively characterize the fetal biophysical activities, which is beneficial for early detection of placental insufficiency and reduces the occurrence of adverse pregnancy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uterine%20electromyography" title="uterine electromyography">uterine electromyography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fetal%20heart%20rate" title=" fetal heart rate"> fetal heart rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coupling%20analysis" title=" coupling analysis"> coupling analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wavelet%20analysis" title=" wavelet analysis"> wavelet analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95342/uemg-fhr-coupling-analysis-in-pregnancies-complicated-by-pre-eclampsia-and-small-for-gestational-age" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95342.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">202</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1210</span> Post Occupancy Evaluation of the Green Office Building with Different Air-Conditioning Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ziwei%20Huang">Ziwei Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Ge"> Jian Ge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jie%20Shen"> Jie Shen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiantao%20Weng"> Jiantao Weng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Retrofitting of existing buildings plays a critical role to achieve sustainable development. This is being considered as one of the approaches to achieving sustainability in the built environment. In order to evaluate the different air-conditioning systems effectiveness and user satisfaction of the existing building which had transformed into green building effectively and accurately. This article takes the green office building in Zhejiang province, China as an example, analyzing the energy consumption, occupant satisfaction and indoor environment quality (IEQ) from the perspective of the thermal environment. This building is special because it combines ground source heat pump system and Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) air-conditioning system. Results showed that the ground source heat pump system(EUIa≈25.6) consumes more energy than VRF(EUIb≈23.8). In terms of a satisfaction survey, the use of the VRF air-conditioning was more satisfactory in temperature. However, the ground source heat pump is more satisfied in air quality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-occupancy%20evaluation" title="post-occupancy evaluation">post-occupancy evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20office%20building" title=" green office building"> green office building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air-conditioning%20systems" title=" air-conditioning systems"> air-conditioning systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20source%20heat%20pump%20system" title=" ground source heat pump system"> ground source heat pump system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88345/post-occupancy-evaluation-of-the-green-office-building-with-different-air-conditioning-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88345.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1209</span> Effects of Dust Storm Events on Tuberculosis Incidence Rate in Northwest of China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yun%20Wang">Yun Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruoyu%20Wang"> Ruoyu Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tuo%20Chen"> Tuo Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guangxiu%20Liu"> Guangxiu Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guodong%20Chen"> Guodong Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20Zhang"> Wei Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in China. China has the world's second largest tuberculosis epidemic (after India). Xinjiang almost has the highest annual attendance rate of TB in China, and the province is also famous because of its severe dust storms. The epidemic timing starts in February and ends in July, and the dust storm mainly distribute throughout the spring and early summer, which strongly indicate a close linkage between causative agent of TB and dust storm events. However, mechanisms responsible for the observed patterns are still not clearly indentified. By comparing the information on cases of TB from Centers for Disease Control of China annual reports with dust storm atmosphere datasets, we constructed the relationship between the large scale annual occurrence of TB in Xinjiang, a Northwest province of China, and dust storm occurrence. Regional atmospheric indexes of dust storm based on surface wind speed show a clear link between population dynamics of the disease and the climate disaster: the onset of epidemics and the dust storm defined by the atmospheric index share the same mean year. This study is the first that provides a clear demonstration of connections that exist between TB epidemics and dust storm events in China. The development of this study will undoubtedly help early warning for tuberculosis epidemic onset in China and help nationwide and international public health institutions and policy makers to better control TB disease in Norwest China. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dust%20storm" title="dust storm">dust storm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tuberculosis" title=" tuberculosis"> tuberculosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xinjiang%20province" title=" Xinjiang province"> Xinjiang province</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epidemic" title=" epidemic"> epidemic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9086/effects-of-dust-storm-events-on-tuberculosis-incidence-rate-in-northwest-of-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9086.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">446</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1208</span> Alleviation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Mosquito Cells to Survive Dengue 2 Virus Infection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiun-Nan%20Hou">Jiun-Nan Hou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tien-Huang%20Chen"> Tien-Huang Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei-June%20Chen"> Wei-June Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dengue viruses (DENVs) are naturally transmitted between humans by mosquito vectors. Mosquito cells usually survive DENV infection, allowing infected mosquitoes to retain an active status for virus transmission. In this study, we found that DENV2 virus infection in mosquito cells causes the unfolded protein response (UPR) that activates the protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) signal pathway, leading to shutdown of global protein translation in infected cells which was apparently regulated by the PERK signal pathway. According to observation in this study, the PERK signal pathway in DENV2-infected C6/36 cells alleviates ER stress, and reduces initiator and effector caspases, as well as the apoptosis rate via shutdown of cellular proteins. In fact, phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2ɑ (eIF2ɑ) by the PERK signal pathway may impair recruitment of ribosomes that bind to the mRNA 5’-cap structure, resulting in an inhibitory effect on canonical cap-dependent cellular protein translation. The resultant pro-survival “byproduct” of infected mosquito cells is undoubtedly advantageous for viral replication. This finding provides insights into elucidating the PERK-mediated modulating web that is actively involved in dynamic protein synthesis, cell survival, and viral replication in mosquito cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cap-dependent%20protein%20translation" title="cap-dependent protein translation">cap-dependent protein translation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dengue%20virus" title=" dengue virus"> dengue virus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endoplasmic%20reticulum%20stress" title=" endoplasmic reticulum stress"> endoplasmic reticulum stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mosquito%20cells" title=" mosquito cells"> mosquito cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PERK%20signal%20pathway" title=" PERK signal pathway"> PERK signal pathway</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75547/alleviation-of-endoplasmic-reticulum-stress-in-mosquito-cells-to-survive-dengue-2-virus-infection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75547.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">267</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1207</span> The Usefulness of Financial Certification in Taiwan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih-Mei%20Wang">Chih-Mei Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jon-Chao%20Hong"> Jon-Chao Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian-Hong%20Ye"> Jian-Hong Ye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jing-Yun%20Fan"> Jing-Yun Fan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chiao-Fei%20Lin"> Chiao-Fei Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The value of a certificate is to implement the criteria for evaluating work ability. Some professional certificates may make people feel good, but they are not useful in the workplace. To address this issue, this study is based on the expectancy-value model to take financial certificates as an example to explore how participants perceived the value of obtaining certification related to their usage perception of career promotion and salary increase. A total of 339 valid samples were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling; the results showed that the number of professional certificates was not significantly correlated with career promotion, but the number of professional certificates is negatively related to salary and benefits (S&B), while career promotion and S&B were positively related to job performance. The results show that the number of professional certificates does not play a significant role in the expectancy-value model. Therefore, professional certifications related to a basic level of finance was not expected to obtain in Taiwan's financial industry, and it is important to study the usefulness of some other certificates in other competitive industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=career%20promotion" title="career promotion">career promotion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=certificate" title=" certificate"> certificate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compensation%20and%20benefits" title=" compensation and benefits"> compensation and benefits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=goal-directed%20behaviors" title=" goal-directed behaviors"> goal-directed behaviors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Job%20performance" title=" Job performance"> Job performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165860/the-usefulness-of-financial-certification-in-taiwan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165860.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1206</span> Study on Measuring Method and Experiment of Arc Fault Detection Device</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang%20Jian-Hong">Yang Jian-Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhang%20Ren-Cheng"> Zhang Ren-Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huang%20Li"> Huang Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Arc fault is one of the main inducements of electric fires. Arc Fault Detection Device (AFDD) can detect arc fault effectively. Arc fault detections and unhooking standards are the keys to AFDD practical application. First, an arc fault continuous production system was developed, which could count the arc half wave number. Then, Combining with the UL1699 standard, ignition probability curve of cotton and unhooking time of various currents intensity were obtained by experiments. The combustion degree of arc fault could be expressed effectively by arc area. Experiments proved that electric fires would be misjudged or missed only using arc half wave number as AFDD unhooking basis. At last, Practical tests were carried out on the self-developed AFDD system. The result showed that actual AFDD unhooking time was the sum of arc half wave cycling number, Arc wave identification time and unhooking mechanical operation time And the first two shared shorter time. Unhooking time standard depended on the shortest mechanical operation time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arc%20fault%20detection%20device" title="arc fault detection device">arc fault detection device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arc%20area" title=" arc area"> arc area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arc%20half%20wave" title=" arc half wave"> arc half wave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unhooking%20time" title=" unhooking time"> unhooking time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arc%20fault" title=" arc fault"> arc fault</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27903/study-on-measuring-method-and-experiment-of-arc-fault-detection-device" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27903.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">509</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1205</span> Impact of Education on Levels of Physical Activity and Depression in Taiwanese Vegetarians and Omnivores</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ya-Lin%20Chang">Ya-Lin Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia%20Chen%20Chang"> Chia Chen Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Ru%20Liang"> Yu-Ru Liang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joyce%20Chen"> Joyce Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=You-Kang%20Chang"> You-Kang Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tina%20Chiu"> Tina Chiu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Physical activity and mental health status are important for health. The purpose of this study was to examine levels of physical activities and depression in Taiwanese vegetarians (VEG) and omnivores (OMNI). Sixty-three vegetarians (20 males) and 56 omnivores (23 males) with an average age of 51 years were recruited for a food frequency validation study at Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital from July to September in 2016. Participants filled out a validated Chinese version international physical activity questionnaire-short-form (IPAQ), Beck Depression Inventory-II-Chinese version (BDI), food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and a questionnaire on demographics and medical history upon recruitment. Total BDI scores were calculated for depression and the metabolic equivalent of task (MET) was calculated for physical activity levels. Mann-Whitney U tests and Chi-square test were used to compare demographics, physical activity levels and depression scores. VEG and OMNI did not differ significantly on MET (1441.9 ± 3387.3 vs. 1605.8 ± 2486.1. p=0.2652, respectively). VEG scored slightly lower on BDI compared to OMNI without statistical significance (5.6 ± 5.7 vs. 7.4 ± 6.3. p=0.06). In addition, we found that regardless of diet practice, those who held a college degree and above scored better on MET (1788.1 ± 2532.6 vs. 1215.5 ± 3425.5. p=0.0014) and BDI (5.2 ± 5.1 vs. 7.8 ± 6.7. p=0.03). In this cross-sectional study, Taiwanese vegetarians and omnivores scored comparatively on physical activity levels and depression. However, education is a significant determinant of physical activity and depression. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BDI" title="BDI">BDI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diet" title=" diet"> diet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20activity" title=" physical activity"> physical activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63901/impact-of-education-on-levels-of-physical-activity-and-depression-in-taiwanese-vegetarians-and-omnivores" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63901.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1204</span> Effects of Cinnamon, Garlic, and Yucca Extracts on Growth Performance and Serum Biochemical Parameters in Broilers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anguo%20Chen">Anguo Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huajie%20Chen"> Huajie Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caimei%20Yang"> Caimei Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qihua%20Hong"> Qihua Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun%20Feng"> Jun Feng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The experiment was conducted with 360 one-day-old Avian commercial broilers to study the effects of dietary cinnamon extract (CE), garlic extract (GE) and yucca extract (YE) on growth performance and serum biochemical parameters in broilers. The chickens were randomly divided equally into 4 treatment groups, each group with 3 replications, and received the same basal corn-bean diets included a starter from 1 d to 21 d and then a grower until 42 d, added with recommended dose 250 mg/kg CE, 25 mg/kg GE and 10 mg/kg YE to relevant group, respectively. The birds were kept in a stainless steel net coop each replication with 24 h light and were fed and drunk ad libitum. At 21 d and 42 d of age, 6 chicks were respectively picked out from every group and were bled to collect serum samples and intestinal samples for laboratory analysis. The results showed that the average daily gain (ADG) of CE, GE and YE group were increased by 7.20% (P<0.05), 3.43% (P>0.05) and 4.89% (P>0.05), feed gain ratio (F/G) was improved by 9.71% (P<0.05), 3.40% (P>0.05) and 3.40% (P>0.05) compared with the control, respectively. At 21 d of age, the content of serum urea nitrogen (SUN) and serum uric acid (SUA) and the activity of serum xanthine oxidase (SXO) in CE group were reduced by 35.17% (P<0.01), 13.73% (P<0.01) and 16.33% (P<0.05) compared with the control, respectively. At 42 d of age, SUN and SUA level and SXO activity were lowered by 24.35% (P<0.01), 15.49% (P<0.05) and 23.09% (P<0.01), respectively. The SXO activity in CE group was decreased by 14.86% (P<0.01) and 15.34%(P<0.01) compare with GE and YE group, respectively. Also, adding CE, GE and YE into broiler diets resulted in lower UN and UA level of intestinal contents. It is clear that CE was more significantly decreased the SXO activity and SUA levels than GE and YE, especially at the latter period, thereby it may play a more important role in improving the growth performance of broilers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cinnamon%20extract" title="cinnamon extract">cinnamon extract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broiler" title=" broiler"> broiler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth%20performance" title=" growth performance"> growth performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serum%20uric%20acid" title=" serum uric acid"> serum uric acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serum%20xanthine%20oxidase" title=" serum xanthine oxidase"> serum xanthine oxidase</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3707/effects-of-cinnamon-garlic-and-yucca-extracts-on-growth-performance-and-serum-biochemical-parameters-in-broilers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3707.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">440</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1203</span> Evolution Mechanism of the Formation of Rock Heap under Seismic Action and Analysis on Engineering Geological Structure </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian-Xiu%20Wan">Jian-Xiu Wan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yao%20Yin"> Yao Yin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In complex terrain and poor geological conditions areas, Railway, highway and other transportation constructions are still strongly developing. However, various geological disasters happened such as landslide, rock heap and so on. According to the results of geological investigation, the form of skirt (trapezoidal), semicircle and triangle rock heaps are mainly due to complex internal force and external force, in a certain extent, which is related to the terrain, the nature of the rock mass, the supply area and the surface shape of rock heap. Combined with the above factors, discrete element numerical simulation of rock mass is established under different terrain conditions based on 3DEC, and accelerated formation process of rock heap under seismic action is simulated. The fragmentation structure supply area is calculated, in which the most dangerous area is located. At the same time, the formation mechanism and development process are studied in different terrain conditions, and the structure of rock heap is judged by section, which can provide a strong theoretical and technical support for the prevention and control of geological disasters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3DEC" title="3DEC">3DEC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fragmentation%20structure" title=" fragmentation structure"> fragmentation structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rock%20heap" title=" rock heap"> rock heap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slope" title=" slope"> slope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20action" title=" seismic action"> seismic action</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40697/evolution-mechanism-of-the-formation-of-rock-heap-under-seismic-action-and-analysis-on-engineering-geological-structure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40697.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1202</span> Observation of the Orthodontic Tooth's Long-Term Movement Using Stereovision System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hao-Yuan%20Tseng">Hao-Yuan Tseng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chuan-Yang%20Chang"> Chuan-Yang Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ying-Hui%20Chen"> Ying-Hui Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheng-Che%20Chen"> Sheng-Che Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih-Han%20Chang"> Chih-Han Chang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Orthodontic tooth treatment has demonstrated a high success rate in clinical studies. It has been agreed upon that orthodontic tooth movement is based on the ability of surrounding bone and periodontal ligament (PDL) to react to a mechanical stimulus with remodeling processes. However, the mechanism of the tooth movement is still unclear. Recent studies focus on the simple principle compression-tension theory while rare studies directly measure tooth movement. Therefore, tracking tooth movement information during orthodontic treatment is very important in clinical practice. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanism responses of the tooth movement during the orthodontic treatments. A stereovision system applied to track the tooth movement of the patient with the stamp brackets. The system was established by two cameras with their relative position calibrate. And the orthodontic force measured by 3D printing model with the six-axis load cell to determine the initial force application. The result shows that the stereovision system accuracy revealed the measurement presents a maximum error less than 2%. For the study on patient tracking, the incisor moved about 0.9 mm during 60 days tracking, and half of movement occurred in the first few hours. After removing the orthodontic force in 100 hours, the distance between before and after position incisor tooth decrease 0.5 mm consisted with the release of the phenomenon. Using the stereovision system can accurately locate the three-dimensional position of the teeth and superposition of 3D coordinate system for all the data to integrate the complex tooth movement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthodontic%20treatment" title="orthodontic treatment">orthodontic treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tooth%20movement" title=" tooth movement"> tooth movement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stereovision%20system" title=" stereovision system"> stereovision system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=long-term%20tracking" title=" long-term tracking"> long-term tracking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45507/observation-of-the-orthodontic-tooths-long-term-movement-using-stereovision-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45507.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">421</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1201</span> The Association between Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and Driver Fatigue in North Taiwan Urban Areas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheng-Yu%20Tsai">Cheng-Yu Tsai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen-Te%20Liu"> Wen-Te Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen-Chen%20Lo"> Chen-Chen Lo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yin-Tzu%20Lin"> Yin-Tzu Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kang%20Lo"> Kang Lo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Driving fatigue related to inadequate or disordered sleep accounts for a major percentage of traffic accidents. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common respiratory disorder during sleep. However, the effects of OSAS severity on driving drowsiness remain unclear. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between OSAS severity and driving fatigue. Methodologies: The physical condition while driving was obtained from the questionnaires to classify the state of driving fatigue. OSAS severity was quantified as the polysomnography, and the mean hourly number of greater than 3% dips in oxygen saturation during examination in a hospital in New Taipei City (Taiwan). The severity of OSAS was diagnosed by the apnea and hypopnea index (AHI) with the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) guideline. The logistic regression model was used to examine the associations after adjusted age, gender, neck circumstance, waist circumstance, and body mass index (BMI). Results: There were 880 subjects recruited in this study, who had been done polysomnography for evaluating severity for OSAS as well as completed the driver condition questionnaire. 752 subjects were diagnosed with OSA, and 484 subjects had fatigue driving behavior in the past week. Patients diagnosed with OSAS had a 9.42-fold higher odds ratio (p < 0.01, 95% CI = 5.41 – 16.42) of driving drowsiness for cohorts with a normal degree. Conclusion: We observe the considerable correlation between OSAS and driving fatigue. For the purpose of promoting traffic safety, OSAS should be monitored and treated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obstructive%20sleep%20apnea%20syndrome" title="obstructive sleep apnea syndrome">obstructive sleep apnea syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=driving%20fatigue" title=" driving fatigue"> driving fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polysomnography" title=" polysomnography"> polysomnography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apnea%20and%20hypopnea%20index" title=" apnea and hypopnea index"> apnea and hypopnea index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110111/the-association-between-obstructive-sleep-apnea-syndrome-and-driver-fatigue-in-north-taiwan-urban-areas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110111.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1200</span> The Use of Fractional Brownian Motion in the Generation of Bed Topography for Bodies of Water Coupled with the Lattice Boltzmann Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elysia%20Barker">Elysia Barker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Guo%20Zhou"> Jian Guo Zhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ling%20Qian"> Ling Qian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steve%20Decent"> Steve Decent</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A method of modelling topography used in the simulation of riverbeds is proposed in this paper, which removes the need for datapoints and measurements of physical terrain. While complex scans of the contours of a surface can be achieved with other methods, this requires specialised tools, which the proposed method overcomes by using fractional Brownian motion (FBM) as a basis to estimate the real surface within a 15% margin of error while attempting to optimise algorithmic efficiency. This removes the need for complex, expensive equipment and reduces resources spent modelling bed topography. This method also accounts for the change in topography over time due to erosion, sediment transport, and other external factors which could affect the topography of the ground by updating its parameters and generating a new bed. The lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is used to simulate both stationary and steady flow cases in a side-by-side comparison over the generated bed topography using the proposed method and a test case taken from an external source. The method, if successful, will be incorporated into the current LBM program used in the testing phase, which will allow an automatic generation of topography for the given situation in future research, removing the need for bed data to be specified. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bed%20topography" title="bed topography">bed topography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FBM" title=" FBM"> FBM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LBM" title=" LBM"> LBM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shallow%20water" title=" shallow water"> shallow water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulations" title=" simulations"> simulations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152925/the-use-of-fractional-brownian-motion-in-the-generation-of-bed-topography-for-bodies-of-water-coupled-with-the-lattice-boltzmann-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152925.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1199</span> Spatial Rank-Based High-Dimensional Monitoring through Random Projection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen%20Zhang">Chen Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nan%20Chen"> Nan Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> High-dimensional process monitoring becomes increasingly important in many application domains, where usually the process distribution is unknown and much more complicated than the normal distribution, and the between-stream correlation can not be neglected. However, since the process dimension is generally much bigger than the reference sample size, most traditional nonparametric multivariate control charts fail in high-dimensional cases due to the curse of dimensionality. Furthermore, when the process goes out of control, the influenced variables are quite sparse compared with the whole dimension, which increases the detection difficulty. Targeting at these issues, this paper proposes a new nonparametric monitoring scheme for high-dimensional processes. This scheme first projects the high-dimensional process into several subprocesses using random projections for dimension reduction. Then, for every subprocess with the dimension much smaller than the reference sample size, a local nonparametric control chart is constructed based on the spatial rank test to detect changes in this subprocess. Finally, the results of all the local charts are fused together for decision. Furthermore, after an out-of-control (OC) alarm is triggered, a diagnostic framework is proposed. using the square-root LASSO. Numerical studies demonstrate that the chart has satisfactory detection power for sparse OC changes and robust performance for non-normally distributed data, The diagnostic framework is also effective to identify truly changed variables. Finally, a real-data example is presented to demonstrate the application of the proposed method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20projection" title="random projection">random projection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-dimensional%20process%20control" title=" high-dimensional process control"> high-dimensional process control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20rank" title=" spatial rank"> spatial rank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sequential%20change%20detection" title=" sequential change detection"> sequential change detection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62697/spatial-rank-based-high-dimensional-monitoring-through-random-projection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62697.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1198</span> Establishment of a Nomogram Prediction Model for Postpartum Hemorrhage during Vaginal Delivery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yinglisong">Yinglisong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jingge%20Chen"> Jingge Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jingxuan%20Chen"> Jingxuan Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan%20Wang"> Yan Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hui%20Huang"> Hui Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jing%20Zhnag"> Jing Zhnag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qianqian%20Zhang"> Qianqian Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhenzhen%20Zhang"> Zhenzhen Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%20Zhang"> Ji Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: The study aims to establish a nomogram prediction model for postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in vaginal delivery. Patients and Methods: Clinical data were retrospectively collected from vaginal delivery patients admitted to a hospital in Zhengzhou, China, from June 1, 2022 - October 31, 2022. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to filter out independent risk factors. A nomogram model was established for PPH in vaginal delivery based on the risk factors coefficient. Bootstrapping was used for internal validation. To assess discrimination and calibration, receiver operator characteristics (ROC) and calibration curves were generated in the derivation and validation groups. Results: A total of 1340 cases of vaginal delivery were enrolled, with 81 (6.04%) having PPH. Logistic regression indicated that history of uterine surgery, induction of labor, duration of first labor, neonatal weight, WBC value (during the first stage of labor), and cervical lacerations were all independent risk factors of hemorrhage (P <0.05). The area-under-curve (AUC) of ROC curves of the derivation group and the validation group were 0.817 and 0.821, respectively, indicating good discrimination. Two calibration curves showed that nomogram prediction and practical results were highly consistent (P = 0.105, P = 0.113). Conclusion: The developed individualized risk prediction nomogram model can assist midwives in recognizing and diagnosing high-risk groups of PPH and initiating early warning to reduce PPH incidence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vaginal%20delivery" title="vaginal delivery">vaginal delivery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postpartum%20hemorrhage" title=" postpartum hemorrhage"> postpartum hemorrhage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factor" title=" risk factor"> risk factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nomogram" title=" nomogram"> nomogram</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174773/establishment-of-a-nomogram-prediction-model-for-postpartum-hemorrhage-during-vaginal-delivery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174773.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1197</span> Effects of GRF on CMJ in Different Wooden Surface Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-cheng%20Chen">Yi-cheng Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ming-jum%20Guo"> Ming-jum Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang-ru%20Chen"> Yang-ru Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Objective: For safety and fair during basketball competition, FIBA proposes the definite level of physical functions in wooden surface system (WSS). There are existing various between different systems in indoor-stadium, so the aim of this study want to know how many effects in different WSS, especially for effects of ground reaction force(GRF) when player jumped. Materials and Methods: 12 participants acted counter-movement jump (CMJ) on 7 different surfaces, include 6 WSSs by 3 types rubber shock absorber pad (SAP) on cross or parallel fixed, and 1 rigid ground. GRFs of takeoff and landing had been recorded from an AMTI force platform when all participants acted vertical CMJs by counter-balance design. All data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA to evaluate whether the test variable differed significantly between surfaces. The significance level was set at α=0.05. Results: There were non-significance in GRF between surfaces when participants taken off. For GRF of landing, we found WSS with cross fixed SAP are harder than parallel fixed. Although there were also non-significance when participant was landing on cross or parallel fixed surfaces, but there have test variable differed significantly between WSS with parallel fixed to rigid ground. In the study, landing to WSS with the hardest SAP, the GRF also have test variable differed significantly to other WSS. Conclusion: Although official basketball competition is in the WSS certificated by FIBA, there are also exist the various in GRF under takeoff or landing, any player must to warm-up before game starting. Especially, there is unsafe situation when play basketball on uncertificated WSS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wooden%20surface%20system" title="wooden surface system">wooden surface system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=counter-movement%20jump" title=" counter-movement jump"> counter-movement jump</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20reaction%20force" title=" ground reaction force"> ground reaction force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shock%20absorber%20pad" title=" shock absorber pad"> shock absorber pad</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30923/effects-of-grf-on-cmj-in-different-wooden-surface-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30923.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1196</span> Coupling Time-Domain Analysis for Dynamic Positioning during S-Lay Installation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sun%20Li-Ping">Sun Li-Ping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhu%20Jian-Xun"> Zhu Jian-Xun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liu%20Sheng-Nan"> Liu Sheng-Nan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to study the performance of dynamic positioning system during S-lay operations, dynamic positioning system is simulated with the hull-stinger-pipe coupling effect. The roller of stinger is simulated by the generalized elastic contact theory. The stinger is composed of Morrison members. Force on pipe is calculated by lumped mass method. Time domain of fully coupled barge model is analyzed combining with PID controller, Kalman filter and allocation of thrust using Sequential Quadratic Programming method. It is also analyzed that the effect of hull wave frequency motion on pipe-stinger coupling force and dynamic positioning system. Besides, it is studied that how S-lay operations affect the dynamic positioning accuracy. The simulation results are proved to be available by checking pipe stress with API criterion. The effect of heave and yaw motion cannot be ignored on hull-stinger-pipe coupling force and dynamic positioning system. It is important to decrease the barge’s pitch motion and lay pipe in head sea in order to improve safety of the S-lay installation and dynamic positioning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S-lay%20operation" title="S-lay operation">S-lay operation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20positioning" title=" dynamic positioning"> dynamic positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coupling%20motion" title=" coupling motion"> coupling motion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20domain" title=" time domain"> time domain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=allocation%20of%20thrust" title=" allocation of thrust "> allocation of thrust </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8016/coupling-time-domain-analysis-for-dynamic-positioning-during-s-lay-installation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8016.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">465</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1195</span> Influencing Factors for Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention of Surgical Team in the Operating Rooms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shu%20Jiuan%20Chen">Shu Jiuan Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shu%20Fen%20Wu"> Shu Fen Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Ling%20Tsai"> I. Ling Tsai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia%20Yu%20Chen"> Chia Yu Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yen%20Lin%20Liu"> Yen Lin Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen-Fuh%20Lam"> Chen-Fuh Lam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Increased emotional stress in workplace and depressed job satisfaction may significantly affect the turnover intention and career life of personnel. However, very limited studies have reported the factors influencing the turnover intention of the surgical team members in the operating rooms, where extraordinary stress is normally exit in this isolated medical care unit. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the environmental and personal characteristic factors that might be associated with job satisfaction and turnover intention in the non-physician staff who work in the operating rooms. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study performed in a metropolitan teaching hospital in southern Taiwan between May 2017 to July 2017. A structured self-administered questionnaire, modified from the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI), Occupational Stress Indicator-2 (OSI-2) and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) manual was collected from the operating room nurses, nurse anesthetists, surgeon assistants, orderly and other non-physician staff. Numerical and categorical data were analyzed using unpaired t-test and Chi-square test, as appropriate (SPSS, version 20.0). Results: A total of 167 effective questionnaires were collected from 200 eligible, non-physician personnel who worked in the operating room (response rate 83.5%). The overall satisfaction of all responders was 45.64 ± 7.17. In comparison to those who had more than 4-year working experience in the operating rooms, the junior staff ( ≤ 4-year experience) reported to have significantly higher satisfaction in workplace environment and job contentment, as well as lower intention to quit (t = 6.325, P =0.000). Among the different specialties of surgical team members, nurse anesthetists were associated with significantly lower levels of job satisfaction (P=0.043) and intention to stay (x² = 8.127, P < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrates job title, seniority, working shifts and job satisfaction are the significant independent predicting factors for quit jobs. Conclusion: The results of this study highlight that increased work seniorities ( > 4-year working experience) are associated with significantly lower job satisfaction, and they are also more likely to leave their current job. Increased workload in supervising the juniors without appropriate job compensation (such as promotions in job title and work shifts) may precipitate their intention to quit. Since the senior staffs are usually the leaders and core members in the operating rooms, the retention of this fundamental manpower is essential to ensure the safety and efficacy of surgical interventions in the operating rooms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surgical%20team" title="surgical team">surgical team</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20satisfaction" title=" job satisfaction"> job satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resignation%20intention" title=" resignation intention"> resignation intention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operating%20room" title=" operating room"> operating room</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85581/influencing-factors-for-job-satisfaction-and-turnover-intention-of-surgical-team-in-the-operating-rooms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85581.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">255</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1194</span> Numerical Simulations of Electronic Cooling with In-Line and Staggered Pin Fin Heat Sinks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yue-Tzu%20Yang">Yue-Tzu Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsiang-Wen%20Tang"> Hsiang-Wen Tang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian-Zhang%20Yin"> Jian-Zhang Yin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chao-Han%20Wu"> Chao-Han Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Three-dimensional incompressible turbulent fluid flow and heat transfer of pin fin heat sinks using air as a cooling fluid are numerically studied in this study. Two different kinds of pin fins are compared in the thermal performance, including circular and square cross sections, both are in-line and staggered arrangements. The turbulent governing equations are solved using a control-volume- based finite-difference method. Subsequently, numerical computations are performed with the realizable <em>k - ԑ</em> turbulence for the parameters studied, the fin height<em> H</em>, fin diameter<em> D</em>, and Reynolds number (Re) in the range of 7 ≤ <em>H</em> ≤ 10<em>, </em>0.75 ≤ <em>D</em> ≤ 2, 2000 ≤ Re ≤ 126000 respectively. The numerical results are validated with available experimental data in the literature and good agreement has been found. It indicates that circular pin fins are streamlined in comparing with the square pin fins, the pressure drop is small than that of square pin fins, and heat transfer is not as good as the square pin fins. The thermal performance of the staggered pin fins is better than that of in-line pin fins because the staggered arrangements produce large disturbance. Both in-line and staggered arrangements show the same behavior for thermal resistance, pressure drop, and the entropy generation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pin-fin" title="pin-fin">pin-fin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20sinks" title=" heat sinks"> heat sinks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulations" title=" simulations"> simulations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulent%20flow" title=" turbulent flow"> turbulent flow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46324/numerical-simulations-of-electronic-cooling-with-in-line-and-staggered-pin-fin-heat-sinks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46324.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">315</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1193</span> The Effect of Austenitization Conditioning on the Mechanical Properties of Cr-Mo-V Hot Work Tool Steel with Different Nitrogen Addition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iting%20Chiang">Iting Chiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheng-Yu%20Wei"> Cheng-Yu Wei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chin-Teng%20Kuo"> Chin-Teng Kuo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Po-Sheng%20Hsu"> Po-Sheng Hsu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yo-Lun%20Yang"> Yo-Lun Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yung-Chang%20Kang"> Yung-Chang Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chien-Chon%20Chen"> Chien-Chon Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih-Yuan%20Chen"> Chih-Yuan Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, it is reported that microalloying of nitrogen atoms within traditional Cr-Mo-V hot work tool steels can achieve better high temperature mechanical properties, which thus leads to such metallurgical approach widely utilized in the several commercial advanced hot work tool steels. Although the performance of hot work tool steel can be improved better by alloy composition design strategy, the influence of processing parameters on the mechanical property, especially on the service life of hot work tool steel, is still not fully understood yet. A longer service life of hot work tool steel can decrease the manufacturing cost effectively and thus become a research hot spot. According to several previous studies, it is generally acknowledged the service life of hot work tool steels can be increased effectively as the steels possessing higher hardness and toughness due to the formation and propagation of microcracks within the steel can be inhibited effectively. Therefore, in the present research, the designed experiments are primarily to explore the synergistic effect of nitrogen content and austenitization conditioning on the mechanical properties of hot work tool steels has been conducted and analyzed. No matter the nitrogen content, the results indicated the hardness of hot work tool steels increased as the austenitization treatment executed at higher temperature. On the other hand, an optimum toughness of hot work tool steel can be achieved as the austenitization treatment performed at a suitable temperature range. The possible explanation of such metallurgical phenomenon has been also proposed and analyzed in the present research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20work%20tool%20steel" title="hot work tool steel">hot work tool steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cr-Mo-V" title=" Cr-Mo-V"> Cr-Mo-V</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toughness" title=" toughness"> toughness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardness" title=" hardness"> hardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TEM" title=" TEM"> TEM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176209/the-effect-of-austenitization-conditioning-on-the-mechanical-properties-of-cr-mo-v-hot-work-tool-steel-with-different-nitrogen-addition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176209.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">59</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1192</span> Application of Metaverse Service to Construct Nursing Education Theory and Platform in the Post-pandemic Era</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen-Jung%20Chen">Chen-Jung Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Chang%20Chen"> Yi-Chang Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> While traditional virtual reality and augmented reality only allow for small movement learning and cannot provide a truly immersive teaching experience to give it the illusion of movement, the new technology of both content creation and immersive interactive simulation of the metaverse can just reach infinite close to the natural teaching situation. However, the mixed reality virtual classroom of metaverse has not yet explored its theory, and it is rarely implemented in the situational simulation teaching of nursing education. Therefore, in the first year, the study will intend to use grounded theory and case study methods and in-depth interviews with nursing education and information experts. Analyze the interview data to investigate the uniqueness of metaverse development. The proposed analysis will lead to alternative theories and methods for the development of nursing education. In the second year, it will plan to integrate the metaverse virtual situation simulation technology into the alternate teaching strategy in the pediatric nursing technology course and explore the nursing students' use of this teaching method as the construction of personal technology and experience. By leveraging the unique features of distinct teaching platforms and developing processes to deliver alternative teaching strategies in a nursing technology teaching environment. The aim is to increase learning achievements without compromising teaching quality and teacher-student relationships in the post-pandemic era. A descriptive and convergent mixed methods design will be employed. Sixty third-grade nursing students will be recruited to participate in the research and complete the pre-test. The students in the experimental group (N=30) agreed to participate in 4 real-time mixed virtual situation simulation courses in self-practice after class and conducted qualitative interviews after each 2 virtual situation courses; the control group (N=30) adopted traditional practice methods of self-learning after class. Both groups of students took a post-test after the course. Data analysis will adopt descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and qualitative content analysis. This study addresses key issues in the virtual reality environment for teaching and learning within the metaverse, providing valuable lessons and insights for enhancing the quality of education. The findings of this study are expected to contribute useful information for the future development of digital teaching and learning in nursing and other practice-based disciplines. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metaverse" title="metaverse">metaverse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-pandemic%20era" title=" post-pandemic era"> post-pandemic era</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20virtual%20classroom" title=" online virtual classroom"> online virtual classroom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immersive%20teaching" title=" immersive teaching"> immersive teaching</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181925/application-of-metaverse-service-to-construct-nursing-education-theory-and-platform-in-the-post-pandemic-era" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181925.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1191</span> Performance Investigation of Silica Gel Fluidized Bed</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sih-Li%20Chen">Sih-Li Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih-Hao%20Chen"> Chih-Hao Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chi-Tong%20Chan"> Chi-Tong Chan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Poor ventilation and high carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations lead to the formation of sick buildings. This problem cannot simply be resolved by introducing fresh air from outdoor environments because this creates extra loads on indoor air-conditioning systems. Desiccants are widely used in air conditioning systems in tropical and subtropical regions with high humidity to reduce the latent heat load from fresh air. Desiccants are usually used as a packed-bed type, which is low cost, to combine with air-conditioning systems. Nevertheless, the pressure drop of a packed bed is too high, and the heat of adsorption caused by the adsorption process lets the temperature of the outlet air increase, bringing about an extra heat load, so the high pressure drop and the increased temperature of the outlet air are energy consumption sources needing to be resolved. For this reason, the gas-solid fluidised beds that have high heat and mass transfer rates, uniform properties and low pressure drops are very suitable for use in air-conditioning systems.This study experimentally investigates the performance of silica gel fluidized bed device which applying to an air conditioning system. In the experiments, commercial silica gel particles were filled in the two beds and to form a fixed packed bed and a fluidized bed. The results indicated that compared to the fixed packed bed device, the total adsorption and desorption by amounts of fluidized bed for 40 minutes increased 20.6% and 19.9% respectively when the bed height was 10 cm and superficial velocity was set to 2 m/s. In addition, under this condition, the pressure drop and outlet air temperature raise were reduced by 36.0% and 30.0%. Given the above results, application of the silica gel fluidized bed to air conditioning systems has great energy-saving potential. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluidized%20bed" title="fluidized bed">fluidized bed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=packed%20bed" title=" packed bed"> packed bed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silica%20gel" title=" silica gel"> silica gel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=desorption" title=" desorption"> desorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20drop" title=" pressure drop "> pressure drop </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23622/performance-investigation-of-silica-gel-fluidized-bed" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23622.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">536</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1190</span> Relationships of Driver Drowsiness and Sleep-Disordered Breathing Syndrome</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheng-Yu%20Tsai">Cheng-Yu Tsai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen-Te%20Liu"> Wen-Te Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yin-Tzu%20Lin"> Yin-Tzu Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen-Chen%20Lo"> Chen-Chen Lo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kang%20Lo"> Kang Lo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Driving drowsiness related to inadequate or disordered sleep accounts for a major percentage of traffic accidents. Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) syndrome is a common respiratory disorder during sleep. However, the effects of SDB syndrome on driving fatigue remain unclear. Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between SDB pattern and driving drowsiness. Methodologies: The physical condition while driving was obtained from the questionnaires to classify the state of driving fatigue. SDB syndrome was quantified as the polysomnography, and the air flow pattern was collected by the thermistor and nasal pressure cannula. To evaluate the desaturation, the mean hourly number of greater than 3% dips in oxygen saturation was sentenced by reregistered technologist during examination in a hospital in New Taipei City (Taiwan). The independent T-test was used to investigate the correlations between sleep disorders related index and driving drowsiness. Results: There were 880 subjects recruited in this study, who had been done polysomnography for evaluating severity for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) as well as completed the driver condition questionnaire. Four-hundred-eighty-four subjects (55%) were classified as fatigue group, and 396 subjects (45%) were served as the control group. Significantly higher values of snoring index (242.14 ± 205.51 /hours) were observed in the fatigue group (p < 0.01). The value of respiratory disturbance index (RDI) (31.82 ± 19.34 /hours) in fatigue group were significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.01). Conclusion: We observe the considerable association between SDB syndrome and driving drowsiness. To promote traffic safety, SDB syndrome should be controlled and alleviated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=driving%20drowsiness" title="driving drowsiness">driving drowsiness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sleep-disordered%20breathing%20syndrome" title=" sleep-disordered breathing syndrome"> sleep-disordered breathing syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=snoring%20index" title=" snoring index"> snoring index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=respiratory%20disturbance%20index." title=" respiratory disturbance index."> respiratory disturbance index.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110112/relationships-of-driver-drowsiness-and-sleep-disordered-breathing-syndrome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110112.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1189</span> Age and Population Structure of the Goby Parapocryptes Serperaster in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, Based on Length-Frequency and Otolith Analyses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Quang%20Minh%20Dinh">Quang Minh Dinh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Guang%20Qin"> Jian Guang Qin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabine%20Dittmann"> Sabine Dittmann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dinh%20Dac%20Tran"> Dinh Dac Tran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The age and population structure the dermal gopy Parapocryptes serperaster were studied using length distributions, otolith and von Bertalanffy model in the Mekong Delta over a whole year through monthly sampling. The sex ratio of P. serperaster was near 1:1, and von Bertalanffy growth parameters were L∞= 25.2 cm, K = 0.74 yr-1, and t0 = -0.22 yr-1. Fish size at first entry to fishery was 14.6 cm, and fishing mortality (1.57 yr-1) and natural mortality (1.51 yr-1) accounted for 51% and 49% of the total mortality (3.07 yr-1), respectively. Relative yield-per-recruit and biomass-per-recruit analyses revealed the levels of maximum exploitation yield (Emax = 0.83), maximum economic yield (E0.1 = 0.71) and the yield at 50% reduction of exploitation (E0.5 = 0.37). Otoliths from 164 female and 196 male gobies were readable, and the otolith morphometry data were used for age identification. The mean age estimated by reading otolith annual rings and by analysing length frequency distribution was consistent. This study shows that the otolith morphometry is a reliable method for aging this goby and possibly also applicable for other tropical gobies. The fishery analysis indicates that this goby stock has not been overexploited in the Mekong Delta. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parapcryptes%20serperaster" title="Parapcryptes serperaster">Parapcryptes serperaster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=otolith" title=" otolith"> otolith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=age" title=" age"> age</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulation%20structure" title=" pulation structure"> pulation structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vietnam" title=" Vietnam"> Vietnam</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22313/age-and-population-structure-of-the-goby-parapocryptes-serperaster-in-the-mekong-delta-vietnam-based-on-length-frequency-and-otolith-analyses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22313.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">656</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1188</span> Finite Element Analysis of the Lumbar Spine after Unilateral and Bilateral Laminotomies and Laminectomy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih-Hsien%20Chen">Chih-Hsien Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Hung%20Ho"> Yi-Hung Ho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih-Wei%20Wang"> Chih-Wei Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih-Wei%20%20Chang"> Chih-Wei Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yen-Nien%20Chen"> Yen-Nien Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih-Han%20Chang"> Chih-Han Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun-Ting%20Li"> Chun-Ting Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Laminotomy is a spinal decompression surgery compatible with a minimally invasive approach. However, the unilateral laminotomy for bilateral side decompression leads to more perioperative complications than the bilateral laminotomy. Although the unilateral laminotomy removes the least bone tissue among the spinal decompression surgeries, the difference of spinal stability between unilateral and bilateral laminotomy and laminectomy is rarely investigated. This study aims to compare the biomechanical effects of unilateral and bilateral laminotomy and laminectomy on the lumbar spine by finite element (FE) simulation. A three-dimensional FE model of the lumbar spine (L1–L5) was constructed with the vertebral body, discs, and ligaments, as well as the sacrum was constructed. Three different surgical methods, namely unilateral laminotomy, bilateral laminotomy and laminectomy, at L3–L4 and L4–L5 were considered. Partial pedicle and entire ligamentum flavum were removed to simulate bilateral decompression in laminotomy. The entire lamina and spinal processes from the lower L3 to upper L5 were detached in the laminectomy model. Then, four kinds of loadings, namely flexion, extension, lateral bending and rotation, were applied on the lumbar with various decompression conditions. The results indicated that the bilateral and unilateral laminotomy both increased the range of motion (ROM) compared with intact lumbar, while the laminectomy increased more ROM than both laminotomy did. The difference of ROM between the bilateral and unilateral laminotomy was very minor. Furthermore, bilateral laminotomy demonstrated similar poster element stress with unilateral laminotomy. Unilateral and bilateral laminotomy are equally suggested to bilateral decompression of lumbar spine with minimally invasive technique because limited effect was aroused due to more bone remove in the bilateral laminotomy on the lumbar stability. Furthermore, laminectomy is the last option for lumbar decompression. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimally%20invasive%20technique" title="minimally invasive technique">minimally invasive technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lumbar%20decompression" title=" lumbar decompression"> lumbar decompression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laminotomy" title=" laminotomy"> laminotomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laminectomy" title=" laminectomy"> laminectomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106868/finite-element-analysis-of-the-lumbar-spine-after-unilateral-and-bilateral-laminotomies-and-laminectomy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106868.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1187</span> Design and Thermal Simulation Analysis of the Chinese Accelerator Driven Sub-Critical System Injector-I Cryomodule</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rui-Xiong%20Han">Rui-Xiong Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rui%20Ge"> Rui Ge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shao-Peng%20Li"> Shao-Peng Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lin%20Bian"> Lin Bian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liang-Rui%20Sun"> Liang-Rui Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min-Jing%20Sang"> Min-Jing Sang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rui%20Ye"> Rui Ye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ya-Ping%20Liu"> Ya-Ping Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiang-Zhen%20Zhang"> Xiang-Zhen Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jie-Hao%20Zhang"> Jie-Hao Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhuo%20Zhang"> Zhuo Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian-Qing%20Zhang"> Jian-Qing Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miao-Fu%20Xu"> Miao-Fu Xu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Chinese Accelerator Driven Sub-critical system (C-ADS) uses a high-energy proton beam to bombard the metal target and generate neutrons to deal with the nuclear waste. The Chinese ADS proton linear has two 0~10 MeV injectors and one 10~1500 MeV superconducting linac. Injector-I is studied by the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) under construction in the Beijing, China. The linear accelerator consists of two accelerating cryomodules operating at the temperature of 2 Kelvin. This paper describes the structure and thermal performances analysis of the cryomodule. The analysis takes into account all the main contributors (support posts, multilayer insulation, current leads, power couplers, and cavities) to the static and dynamic heat load at various cryogenic temperature levels. The thermal simulation analysis of the cryomodule is important theory foundation of optimization and commissioning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C-ADS" title="C-ADS">C-ADS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryomodule" title=" cryomodule"> cryomodule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structure" title=" structure"> structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20simulation" title=" thermal simulation"> thermal simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20heat%20load" title=" static heat load"> static heat load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20heat%20load" title=" dynamic heat load"> dynamic heat load</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75463/design-and-thermal-simulation-analysis-of-the-chinese-accelerator-driven-sub-critical-system-injector-i-cryomodule" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75463.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">401</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1186</span> The Association of Work Stress with Job Satisfaction and Occupational Burnout in Nurse Anesthetists</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Ling%20Tsai">I. Ling Tsai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shu%20Fen%20Wu"> Shu Fen Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen-Fuh%20Lam"> Chen-Fuh Lam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia%20Yu%20Chen"> Chia Yu Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shu%20Jiuan%20Chen"> Shu Jiuan Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yen%20Lin%20Liu"> Yen Lin Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: Following the conduction of the National Health Insurance (NHI) system in Taiwan since 1995, the demand for anesthesia services continues to increase in the operating rooms and other medical units. It has been well recognized that increased work stress not only affects the clinical performance of the medical staff, long-term work load may also result in occupational burnout. Our study aimed to determine the influence of working environment, work stress and job satisfaction on the occupational burnout in nurse anesthetists. The ultimate goal of this research project is to develop a strategy in establishing a friendly, less stressful workplace for the nurse anesthetists to enhance their job satisfaction, thereby reducing occupational burnout and increasing the career life for nurse anesthetists. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study performed in a metropolitan teaching hospital in southern Taiwan between May 2017 to July 2017. A structured self-administered questionnaire, modified from the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI), Occupational Stress Indicator 2 (OSI-2) and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) manual was collected from the nurse anesthetists. The relationships between two numeric datasets were analyzed by the Pearson correlation test (SPSS 20.0). Results: A total of 66 completed questionnaires were collected from 75 nurses (response rate 88%). The average scores for the working environment, job satisfaction, and work stress were 69.6%, 61.5%, and 63.9%, respectively. The three perspectives used to assess the occupational burnout, namely emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and sense of personal accomplishment were 26.3, 13.0 and 24.5, suggesting the presence of moderate to high degrees of burnout in our nurse anesthetists. The presence of occupational burnout was closely correlated with the unsatisfactory working environment (r=-0.385, P=0.001) and reduced job satisfaction (r=-0.430, P=0.000). Junior nurse anesthetists (<1-year clinical experience) reported having higher satisfaction in working environment than the seniors (5 to 10-year clinical experience) (P=0.02). Although the average scores for work stress, job satisfaction, and occupational burnout were lower in junior nurses, the differences were not statistically different. The linear regression model, the working environment was the independent factor that predicted occupational burnout in nurse anesthetists up to 19.8%. Conclusions: High occupational burnout is more likely to develop in senior nurse anesthetists who experienced the dissatisfied working environment, work stress and lower job satisfaction. In addition to the regulation of clinical duties, the increased workload in the supervision of the junior nurse anesthetists may result in emotional stress and burnout in senior nurse anesthetists. Therefore, appropriate adjustment of clinical and teaching loading in the senior nurse anesthetists could be helpful to improve the occupational burnout and enhance the retention rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nurse%20anesthetists" title="nurse anesthetists">nurse anesthetists</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=working%20environment" title=" working environment"> working environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work%20stress" title=" work stress"> work stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20satisfaction" title=" job satisfaction"> job satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20burnout" title=" occupational burnout"> occupational burnout</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85606/the-association-of-work-stress-with-job-satisfaction-and-occupational-burnout-in-nurse-anesthetists" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85606.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">278</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1185</span> Segregation Patterns of Trees and Grass Based on a Modified Age-Structured Continuous-Space Forest Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Yang">Jian Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atsushi%20Yagi"> Atsushi Yagi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tree-grass coexistence system is of great importance for forest ecology. Mathematical models are being proposed to study the dynamics of tree-grass coexistence and the stability of the systems. However, few of the models concentrates on spatial dynamics of the tree-grass coexistence. In this study, we modified an age-structured continuous-space population model for forests, obtaining an age-structured continuous-space population model for the tree-grass competition model. In the model, for thermal competitions, adult trees can out-compete grass, and grass can out-compete seedlings. We mathematically studied the model to make sure tree-grass coexistence solutions exist. Numerical experiments demonstrated that a fraction of area that trees or grass occupies can affect whether the coexistence is stable or not. We also tried regulating the mortality of adult trees with other parameters and the fraction of area trees and grass occupies were fixed; results show that the mortality of adult trees is also a factor affecting the stability of the tree-grass coexistence in this model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=population-structured%20models" title="population-structured models">population-structured models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stabilities%20of%20ecosystems" title=" stabilities of ecosystems"> stabilities of ecosystems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20competitions" title=" thermal competitions"> thermal competitions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tree-grass%20coexistence%20systems" title=" tree-grass coexistence systems"> tree-grass coexistence systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102872/segregation-patterns-of-trees-and-grass-based-on-a-modified-age-structured-continuous-space-forest-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102872.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1184</span> Maximum Induced Subgraph of an Augmented Cube</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meng-Jou%20Chien">Meng-Jou Chien</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jheng-Cheng%20Chen"> Jheng-Cheng Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang-Hsiung%20Tsai"> Chang-Hsiung Tsai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Let maxζG(m) denote the maximum number of edges in a subgraph of graph G induced by m nodes. The n-dimensional augmented cube, denoted as AQn, a variation of the hypercube, possesses some properties superior to those of the hypercube. We study the cases when G is the augmented cube AQn. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interconnection%20network" title="interconnection network">interconnection network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=augmented%20cube" title=" augmented cube"> augmented cube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=induced%20subgraph" title=" induced subgraph"> induced subgraph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bisection%20width" title=" bisection width"> bisection width</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10671/maximum-induced-subgraph-of-an-augmented-cube" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10671.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">406</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Chen&page=5" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Chen&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Chen&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Chen&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Chen&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Chen&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">6</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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