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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_a_Ruanda" title="Islam a Ruanda – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Islam a Ruanda" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_au_Rwanda" title="Islam au Rwanda – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Islam au Rwanda" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_di_Rwanda" title="Islam di Rwanda – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Islam di Rwanda" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamu_mu_Rwanda" title="Islamu mu Rwanda – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Islamu mu Rwanda" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uislamu_nchini_Rwanda" title="Uislamu nchini Rwanda – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uislamu nchini Rwanda" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_di_Rwanda" title="Islam di Rwanda – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Islam di Rwanda" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" 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.sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246112391">.mw-parser-output .sb-ibc img{background-color:white}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Islam_by_country" title="Islam by country">Islam by country</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image sb-ibc"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Islam_percent_population_in_each_nation_World_Map_Muslim_data_by_Pew_Research.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Islam_percent_population_in_each_nation_World_Map_Muslim_data_by_Pew_Research.svg/200px-Islam_percent_population_in_each_nation_World_Map_Muslim_data_by_Pew_Research.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Islam_percent_population_in_each_nation_World_Map_Muslim_data_by_Pew_Research.svg/300px-Islam_percent_population_in_each_nation_World_Map_Muslim_data_by_Pew_Research.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Islam_percent_population_in_each_nation_World_Map_Muslim_data_by_Pew_Research.svg/400px-Islam_percent_population_in_each_nation_World_Map_Muslim_data_by_Pew_Research.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="863" data-file-height="443" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption">World percentage of <a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslims</a> by country</div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Africa" title="Islam in Africa">Africa</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Algeria" title="Islam in Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Angola" title="Islam in Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Benin" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Burkina_Faso" title="Islam in Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Burundi" title="Islam in Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Cameroon" title="Islam in Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Cape_Verde" title="Islam in Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Islam in the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Chad" title="Islam in Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Comoros" title="Islam in the Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Islam in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Islam in the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Djibouti" title="Islam in Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Egypt" title="Islam in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Islam in Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Eritrea" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Eswatini" title="Islam in Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Ethiopia" title="Islam in Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Gabon" title="Islam in Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Gambia" title="Islam in the Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Ghana" title="Islam in Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Guinea" title="Islam in Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Guinea-Bissau" title="Islam in Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Ivory_Coast" title="Islam in Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Kenya" title="Islam in Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Lesotho" title="Islam in Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Liberia" title="Islam in Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Libya" title="Islam in Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Madagascar" title="Islam in Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Malawi" title="Islam in Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Mali" title="Islam in Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Mauritania" title="Islam in Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Mauritius" title="Islam in Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Mayotte" title="Islam in Mayotte">Mayotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Morocco" title="Islam in Morocco">Morocco</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Western_Sahara" title="Islam in Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Mozambique" title="Islam in Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Namibia" title="Islam in Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Niger" title="Islam in Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Nigeria" title="Islam in Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_R%C3%A9union" title="Islam in Réunion">Réunion</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Islam in São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Senegal" title="Islam in Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Seychelles" title="Islam in Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Sierra_Leone" title="Islam in Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Somalia" title="Islam in Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_South_Africa" title="Islam in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_South_Sudan" title="Islam in South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Sudan" title="Islam in Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Tanzania" title="Islam in Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Togo" title="Islam in Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Tunisia" title="Islam in Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Uganda" title="Islam in Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Zambia" title="Islam in Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Zimbabwe" title="Islam in Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Asia" title="Islam in Asia">Asia</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Afghanistan" title="Islam in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Armenia" title="Islam in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Azerbaijan" title="Islam in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Bahrain" title="Islam in Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Bangladesh" title="Islam in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Bhutan" title="Islam in Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Brunei" title="Islam in Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Cambodia" title="Islam in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_China" title="Islam in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Cyprus" title="Islam in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in East Timor">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Islam in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Hong_Kong" title="Islam in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_India" title="Islam in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Indonesia" title="Islam in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Iran" title="Islam in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Iraq" title="Islam in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Israel" title="Islam in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Japan" title="Islam in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Jordan" title="Islam in Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Kazakhstan" title="Islam in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Korea" title="Islam in Korea">Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_North_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in South Korea">South Korea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Kuwait" title="Islam in Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Kyrgyzstan" title="Islam in Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Laos" title="Islam in Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Lebanon" title="Islam in Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Macau" title="Islam in Macau">Macau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Malaysia" title="Islam in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Maldives" title="Islam in Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Mongolia" title="Islam in Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Myanmar" title="Islam in Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Nepal" title="Islam in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Oman" title="Islam in Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Pakistan" title="Islam in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Palestine" title="Islam in Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Philippines" title="Islam in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Qatar" title="Islam in Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Islam in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Singapore" title="Islam in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Islam in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Syria" title="Islam in Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Taiwan" title="Islam in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Tajikistan" title="Islam in Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Thailand" title="Islam in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Turkey" title="Islam in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Turkmenistan" title="Islam in Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Islam in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Uzbekistan" title="Islam in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Vietnam" title="Islam in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Yemen" title="Islam in Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Americas" title="Islam in the Americas">Americas</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Islam in Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Argentina" title="Islam in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_The_Bahamas" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in The Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Barbados" title="Islam in Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Belize" title="Islam in Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Bolivia" title="Islam in Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Brazil" title="Islam in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Canada" title="Islam in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Chile" title="Islam in Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Colombia" title="Islam in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Costa_Rica" title="Islam in Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Cuba" title="Islam in Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Dominica" title="Islam in Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Islam in the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Ecuador" title="Islam in Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_El_Salvador" title="Islam in El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_French_Guiana" title="Islam in French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Grenada" title="Islam in Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Guatemala" title="Islam in Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Guyana" title="Islam in Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Haiti" title="Islam in Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Honduras" title="Islam in Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Jamaica" title="Islam in Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Mexico" title="Islam in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Nicaragua" title="Islam in Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Panama" title="Islam in Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Paraguay" title="Islam in Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Peru" title="Islam in Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Islam in Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Saint_Lucia" title="Islam in Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Islam in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Suriname" title="Islam in Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Islam in Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_United_States" title="Islam in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Uruguay" title="Islam in Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Venezuela" title="Islam in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Europe" title="Islam in Europe">Europe</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Albania" title="Islam in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Andorra" title="Islam in Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Austria" title="Islam in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Belarus" title="Islam in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Belgium" title="Islam in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Islam in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Bulgaria" title="Islam in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Croatia" title="Islam in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Islam in the Czech Republic">Czechia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Denmark" title="Islam in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Estonia" title="Islam in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Finland" title="Islam in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_France" title="Islam in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Germany" title="Islam in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Greece" title="Islam in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Hungary" title="Islam in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Iceland" title="Islam in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Italy" title="Islam in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Kosovo" title="Islam in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Latvia" title="Islam in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Liechtenstein" title="Islam in Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Lithuania" title="Islam in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Luxembourg" title="Islam in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Malta" title="Islam in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Moldova" title="Islam in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Monaco" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Montenegro" title="Islam in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Netherlands" title="Islam in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_North_Macedonia" title="Islam in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Norway" title="Islam in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Poland" title="Islam in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Portugal" title="Islam in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Romania" title="Islam in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Russia" title="Islam in Russia">Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Tatarstan" title="Islam in Tatarstan">Tatarstan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_San_Marino" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Serbia" title="Islam in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Slovakia" title="Islam in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Slovenia" title="Islam in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Spain" title="Islam in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Sweden" title="Islam in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Switzerland" title="Islam in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Ukraine" title="Islam in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Islam in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_England" title="Islam in England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Islam in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Scotland" title="Islam in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Wales" title="Islam in Wales">Wales</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Oceania" title="Islam in Oceania">Oceania</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Australia" title="Islam in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Christmas_Island" title="Islam in Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Islam in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Cook_Islands" title="Islam in the Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Fiji" title="Islam in Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Guam" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Kiribati" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Marshall_Islands" title="Islam in the Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in the Federated States of Micronesia">Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Nauru" title="Religion in Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_New_Caledonia" title="Islam in New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_New_Zealand" title="Islam in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Islam in the Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Palau" title="Islam in Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Islam in Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Samoa" title="Islam in Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Solomon_Islands" title="Islam in Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Tonga" title="Islam in Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Tuvalu" title="Islam in Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Vanuatu" title="Islam in Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/15px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/23px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/31px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Islam portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Islam_by_country" title="Template:Islam by country"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Islam_by_country" title="Template talk:Islam by country"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Islam_by_country" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Islam by country"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></b> is a minority religion in <a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a>, practiced by 2% of the total population according to the 2022 census.<sup id="cite_ref-i933_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-i933-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Virtually all Muslims in <a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a> are <a href="/wiki/Sunni_Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunni Muslim">Sunni Muslim</a>. <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> was first introduced into <a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a> by Muslim traders from the East Coast of Africa in the 20th century. Since its introduction, Muslims have been a minority in the territory, while <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>, was introduced to Rwandans during the colonial period in the beginning of the 20th century, and is now the largest religion in the country. </p><p>Muslims in Rwanda have only been accorded the same rights and freedoms as Christians since 2003, with the signing of the Rwanda Constitution, protecting freedom of religion and prohibiting religious discrimination.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Estimates show that there are equal numbers of Muslims among the <a href="/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu">Hutus</a> as there are among the <a href="/wiki/Tutsi" title="Tutsi">Tutsis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-USIP_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USIP-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The estimates cannot be verified in the wake of the <a href="/wiki/Rwandan_genocide" title="Rwandan genocide">genocide</a>, as the government has since banned all discussion of ethnicity in Rwanda. Following the Rwandan genocide, conversions to Islam grew due to dissatisfaction with some church officials' participation in the genocide.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Rwanda&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colonial_history">Colonial history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Rwanda&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Colonial history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Compared to <a href="/wiki/East_Africa" title="East Africa">East African</a> countries such as <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a>, the history of Islam in Rwanda is relatively modern. While a few written sources are available regarding its origins, it is claimed that Islam came through <a href="/wiki/Afro-Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-Arab">Arab</a> traders from <a href="/wiki/Zanzibar" title="Zanzibar">Zanzibar</a> who first entered the country in 1901. Alternatively, it has been argued that Islam arrived during the colonial period when Muslim clerks, administrative assistants, and merchants from the <a href="/wiki/Swahili_language" title="Swahili language">Swahili</a>-speaking coast of <a href="/wiki/Tanzania_Mainland" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanzania Mainland">Tanganyika</a> were brought to the country. Islam was also bolstered by Muslim merchants from the <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a>, who married local Rwandans. Rwandans built their first <a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">mosque</a> in 1913.<sup id="cite_ref-USIP_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USIP-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This mosque is known as <a href="/wiki/Al-Fatah_Mosque,_Kigali" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Fatah Mosque, Kigali">Al-Fatah Mosque</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During its history, many efforts were made to impede the spread of Islam in Rwanda. These efforts generally exploited <a href="/wiki/Anti-Arabism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Arabism">anti-Arab sentiment</a>, and presented Muslims as foreigners. <a href="/wiki/Missionary#Christian_missions" title="Missionary">Catholic missionaries</a> often went to great lengths to counter what they perceived influence of rival religions, such as Islam and <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kubai_2007_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kubai_2007-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Muslims were further marginalized by the fact that most Muslims settled in urban areas, whereas 90 percent of the population was rural. As neither <a href="/wiki/Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab">Arab</a> nor Indian merchants ever attempted to further their faith, there was little spirit of <a href="/wiki/Missionary#Islamic_missions" title="Missionary">preaching among Muslims</a>. Only a few conversions took place, mostly among the marginalized urban population: women who had married foreigners, <a href="/wiki/Illegitimacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegitimacy">illegitimate children</a> and <a href="/wiki/Orphan" title="Orphan">orphans</a>. Even these conversion were sometimes superficial, motivated by desire for social and economic security that Muslims provided, than for religious conviction in the Islamic faith.<sup id="cite_ref-Bulabubi_Kagabo_1991_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bulabubi_Kagabo_1991-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the <a href="/wiki/History_of_Rwanda#Belgian_colonialism" title="History of Rwanda">Belgian administration</a>, Muslims in Rwanda were to some extent marginalized. Since Muslims had no place in the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a>, which maintained great influence over the state, Muslims were often excluded from education and important jobs in the government. As a result, Muslim employment was largely confined to engaging in petty trade, and taking up jobs as drivers.<sup id="cite_ref-Kubai_2007_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kubai_2007-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_independence">After independence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Rwanda&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: After independence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1960, the former government minister <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isidore_Sebazungu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isidore Sebazungu (page does not exist)">Isidore Sebazungu</a> ordered the burning of the Muslim quarter and the mosque in <a href="/wiki/Rwamagana" title="Rwamagana">Rwamagana</a>. Following this event, Muslims were terrified and many of them fled to neighbouring countries. It is alleged that the Catholic Church was involved in these events, which aggravated the bitterness between Muslims and Christians.<sup id="cite_ref-Kubai_2007_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kubai_2007-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before the <a href="/wiki/Rwandan_genocide" title="Rwandan genocide">Rwandan genocide</a> of 1994, Muslims were held in low regard, because they were seen as traders, in a land where farmers are highly regarded. The Muslim population before the genocide was 4%, which was unusually low compared to that of neighbouring countries. Muslims were also affected by the genocide. There were only a few incidents in which Tutsis in mosques were attacked. The most widely known example occurred at <a href="/wiki/Nyamirambo" title="Nyamirambo">Nyamirambo</a> Main Mosque, where hundreds of Tutsi had gathered to take refuge. The refugees in the mosque fought off Hutu militias with stones, bows and arrows, putting up stiff resistance against the soldiers and militia of the <i><a href="/wiki/Interahamwe" title="Interahamwe">Interahamwe</a></i>. Only once the soldiers attacked with machine gun fire were the <i>Interahamwe</i> able to enter the mosque and kill the refugees.<sup id="cite_ref-USIP_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USIP-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-1994_conversions">Post-1994 conversions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Rwanda&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Post-1994 conversions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mosque_Minaret_with_Catholic_Cathedral_at_Rear_-_Huye-Butare_-_Southern_Rwanda.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Mosque_Minaret_with_Catholic_Cathedral_at_Rear_-_Huye-Butare_-_Southern_Rwanda.jpg/220px-Mosque_Minaret_with_Catholic_Cathedral_at_Rear_-_Huye-Butare_-_Southern_Rwanda.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Mosque_Minaret_with_Catholic_Cathedral_at_Rear_-_Huye-Butare_-_Southern_Rwanda.jpg/330px-Mosque_Minaret_with_Catholic_Cathedral_at_Rear_-_Huye-Butare_-_Southern_Rwanda.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Mosque_Minaret_with_Catholic_Cathedral_at_Rear_-_Huye-Butare_-_Southern_Rwanda.jpg/440px-Mosque_Minaret_with_Catholic_Cathedral_at_Rear_-_Huye-Butare_-_Southern_Rwanda.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Minaret" title="Minaret">Minaret</a> of the Al-Masidjid Q'ubah <a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">mosque</a> at <a href="/wiki/Butare" title="Butare">Butare</a>, Rwanda</figcaption></figure> <p>The number of Rwandan Muslims increased after the <a href="/wiki/Rwandan_genocide" title="Rwandan genocide">1994 genocide</a> due to large numbers of conversions.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many Muslims had sheltered refugees, both <a href="/wiki/Hutu" title="Hutu">Hutu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tutsi" title="Tutsi">Tutsi</a>. Some converts state that they converted to Islam because of the role that some Catholic and Protestant leaders played in the genocide.<sup id="cite_ref-WaPo2002-09-23_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo2002-09-23-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Human-rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Human-rights">Human-rights</a> groups have documented both incidents in which <a href="/wiki/Clergy#Christian_clergy" title="Clergy">Christian clerics</a> permitted Tutsis to seek refuge in churches, then surrendered them to Hutu death-squads, as well as instances of Hutu <a href="/wiki/Priest" title="Priest">priests</a> and <a href="/wiki/Minister_(Christianity)" title="Minister (Christianity)">ministers</a> encouraging their congregations to kill Tutsis.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, a few Muslims played a crucial role in the Rwandan genocide: <a href="/wiki/Hassan_Ngeze" title="Hassan Ngeze">Hassan Ngeze</a>, a leading <a href="/wiki/Hutu_Power" title="Hutu Power">Hutu Power</a> intellectual best known for writing the <a href="/wiki/Hutu_Ten_Commandments" title="Hutu Ten Commandments">Hutu Ten Commandments</a>, was born to a Muslim family.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Negeze's religious background had no connection to his anti-Tutsi views, which was based on <a href="/wiki/Hutu_Power" title="Hutu Power">Hutu supremacism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In regards to the role Muslims played during the genocide, journalist <a href="/wiki/Philip_Gourevitch" title="Philip Gourevitch">Philip Gourevitch</a> reported that one Christian leader stated "[The Muslims] apparently behaved quite well, and as a group was not active in the genocide, even seeking to save Tutsi Muslims."<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Personal accounts relate how some Tutsi converted for safety, as they feared continuing reprisal killings by Hutu extremists, and knew that Muslims would protect them from such acts. Many Hutu converted as well, in search for "purification". Many Hutu want to leave their violent past behind them and to not have "blood on their hands". There are also a few isolated instances where Hutu have converted in the hope that they could hide within the Muslim community and thereby escape arrest.<sup id="cite_ref-USIP_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USIP-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBC_2004-04-01_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_2004-04-01-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The rate of conversions slowed after 1997. According to the <a href="/wiki/Mufti" title="Mufti">mufti</a> of Rwanda, the Islamic community has not seen any increases in conversions in 2002/2003.<sup id="cite_ref-Religious_Freedom_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Religious_Freedom-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Christianity remains as the country's leading religion. Catholicism (which arrived in the beginning of the 20th century with the <a href="/wiki/White_Fathers" title="White Fathers">White Fathers</a> order of the Roman Catholic Church) remains deeply embedded in the culture.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_2004-04-07_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_2004-04-07-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Activities">Activities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Rwanda&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Activities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Muslims in Rwanda are also actively involved in social activities, such as their <a href="/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">jihad</a> to "start respecting each other". Many Rwandan Muslims are engaged in efforts to heal ethnic tensions after the genocide and Islamic groups are reaching out to the disadvantaged, for example by forming women's groups that provide education on child care. Western governments have worried over the growing influence of Islam, and some government officials have express concern that some of the mosques receive funding from Saudi Arabia.<sup id="cite_ref-WaPo2002-09-23_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo2002-09-23-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, there is little evidence of militancy.<sup id="cite_ref-Tiemessen_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tiemessen-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Muslim religious holiday <a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Fitr" title="Eid al-Fitr">Eid al-Fitr</a> is observed by the government as one of the four religious official holiday (alongside <a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas">Christmas</a>, <a href="/wiki/All_Saints%27_Day" title="All Saints' Day">All Saints' Day</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary" title="Assumption of Mary">Assumption</a>). Muslims also operate private Islamic schools. In 2003, the <a href="/wiki/US_Embassy" class="mw-redirect" title="US Embassy">US Embassy</a> oversaw the renovations of an Islamic secondary school in Kigali. Embassy leaders also met with Muslim leaders, alongside members of Catholic and <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican Church">Anglican Churches</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church" title="Seventh-day Adventist Church">Seventh-day Adventists</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a>, to hold interfaith talks.<sup id="cite_ref-Religious_Freedom_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Religious_Freedom-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rwanda used to have a religious political party, the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Democratic_Party_(Rwanda)" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic Democratic Party (Rwanda)">Democratic Islamic Party</a> (PDI), with non-Muslim members. However, it changed its name to Ideal Democratic Party, after the constitution mandated no party may be formed on the basis of religion.<sup id="cite_ref-Religious_Freedom_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Religious_Freedom-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population">Population</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Rwanda&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is a considerable range in the estimates of the Muslim population of Rwanda. No accurate census of the Muslim population has been done.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_2004-04-07_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_2004-04-07-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Source</th> <th>Population (000s)</th> <th>Population (%)</th> <th>Year</th> <th>Ref </th></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i></td> <td>1,148</td> <td>14</td> <td>2002</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-WaPo2002-09-23_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo2002-09-23-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i></td> <td></td> <td>7</td> <td>1993 "before killings began"</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-WaPo2002-09-23_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo2002-09-23-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/CIA_World_factbook" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA World factbook">CIA World factbook</a></td> <td>456</td> <td>4.6</td> <td>2001</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i></td> <td></td> <td>15</td> <td>2004</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-NYT_2004-04-07_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_2004-04-07-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Worldmark Encyclopedia of Culture & Daily Life</td> <td>350</td> <td>5</td> <td>1998</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/US_Dept._of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="US Dept. of State">US Dept. of State</a> (<a href="/wiki/UN_Population_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="UN Population Fund">UN Population Fund</a> survey)</td> <td></td> <td>1.1</td> <td>1996</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Dep_of_State_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dep_of_State-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>US Dept. of State (university study)</td> <td></td> <td>4.6</td> <td>2001</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Dep_of_State_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dep_of_State-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>National Census 2012</td> <td></td> <td>2,0</td> <td>2012</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Census_2012_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census_2012-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>According to the 2012 census, Roman Catholic Christians represented 43.7% of the population, Protestants (excluding <a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventists" class="mw-redirect" title="Seventh-day Adventists">Seventh-day Adventists</a>) 37.7%, Seventh-day Adventists 11.8%, and Muslims 2.0%; 0.2% claimed no religious beliefs and 1.3% did not state a religion.<sup id="cite_ref-Census_2012_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census_2012-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Traditional religion, despite officially being followed by only 0.1% of the population, retains an influence. Many Rwandans view the <a href="/wiki/God_in_Christianity" title="God in Christianity">Christian God</a> as synonymous with the traditional Rwandan God <i><a href="/wiki/Imana" title="Imana">Imana</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Rwanda&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid 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class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-i933-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-i933_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-report-on-international-religious-freedom/rwanda/">"Rwanda"</a>. <i>United States Department of State</i>. 2023-12-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Associated Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kubai_2007-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kubai_2007_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kubai_2007_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kubai_2007_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKubai2007" class="citation journal cs1">Kubai, Anne (April 2007). "Walking a Tightrope: Christians and Muslims in Post-Genocide Rwanda". <i>Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations</i>. <b>18</b> (2). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-04-10</span></span>. <q>Since the genocide, Rwandans have converted to Islam in huge numbers. Muslims now make up 14 percent of the 8.2 million people ][...] in Africa's most Catholic nation, twice as many as before the killings began.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Islam+Attracting+Many+Survivors+of+Rwanda+Genocide%3A+Jihad+Is+Taught+as+%27Struggle+to+Heal%27&rft.pages=A10&rft.date=2002-09-23&rft.aulast=Wax&rft.aufirst=Emily&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Farticles%2FA53018-2002Sep22.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Rwanda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WaPo2002-09-23-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WaPo2002-09-23_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WaPo2002-09-23_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WaPo2002-09-23_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WaPo2002-09-23_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWax2002" class="citation news cs1">Wax, Emily (2002-09-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A53018-2002Sep22.html">"Islam Attracting Many Survivors of Rwanda Genocide: Jihad Is Taught as 'Struggle to Heal'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. p. A10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-04-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Islam+Attracting+Many+Survivors+of+Rwanda+Genocide%3A+Jihad+Is+Taught+as+%27Struggle+to+Heal%27&rft.pages=A10&rft.date=2002-09-23&rft.aulast=Wax&rft.aufirst=Emily&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Farticles%2FA53018-2002Sep22.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Rwanda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWax2002" class="citation news cs1">Wax, Emily (2002-09-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A53018-2002Sep22.html">"Islam Attracting Many Survivors of Rwanda Genocide: Jihad Is Taught as 'Struggle to Heal'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. p. A10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-04-10</span></span>. <q>Human rights groups have documented several incidents in which Christian clerics allowed Tutsis to seek refuge in churches, then surrendered them to Hutu death squads, as well as instances of Hutu priests and ministers encouraging their congregations to kill Tutsis.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Islam+Attracting+Many+Survivors+of+Rwanda+Genocide%3A+Jihad+Is+Taught+as+%27Struggle+to+Heal%27&rft.pages=A10&rft.date=2002-09-23&rft.aulast=Wax&rft.aufirst=Emily&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Farticles%2FA53018-2002Sep22.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Rwanda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGourevitch1998" class="citation book cs1">Gourevitch, Philip (1998). <a href="/wiki/We_Wish_to_Inform_You_That_Tomorrow_We_Will_Be_Killed_with_Our_Families:_Stories_from_Rwanda" class="mw-redirect" title="We Wish to Inform You That Tomorrow We Will Be Killed with Our Families: Stories from Rwanda"><i>We Wish to Inform You That Tomorrow We Will Be Killed with Our Families: Stories from Rwanda</i></a>. Macmillan. pp. 87–88. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-24335-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-24335-7"><bdi>978-0-312-24335-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=We+Wish+to+Inform+You+That+Tomorrow+We+Will+Be+Killed+with+Our+Families%3A+Stories+from+Rwanda&rft.pages=87-88&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-312-24335-7&rft.aulast=Gourevitch&rft.aufirst=Philip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Rwanda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC_2004-04-01-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBC_2004-04-01_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalker2004" class="citation news cs1">Walker, Robert (1 April 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3561365.stm">"Rwanda's religious reflections"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+World+Factbook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Frwanda%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Rwanda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gall, Timothy L. (ed). Worldmark Encyclopedia of Culture & Daily Life: Vol. 1 - Africa. Cleveland, OH: Eastword Publications Development (1998), pg. 360-361.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dep_of_State-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dep_of_State_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dep_of_State_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2003/23746.htm">"Rwanda"</a>. <i>U.S. Department of State</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Department+of+State&rft.atitle=Rwanda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F2001-2009.state.gov%2Fg%2Fdrl%2Frls%2Firf%2F2003%2F23746.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Rwanda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census_2012-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Census_2012_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Census_2012_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNational_Institute_of_Statistics_of_Rwanda2014" class="citation web cs1">National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105913/http://www.statistics.gov.rw/sites/default/files/user_uploads/files/books/Main%20Indicators%20Report.pdf">"Fourth Population and Housing Census, Rwanda, 2012—Final Results: Main indicators report"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. p. 17. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statistics.gov.rw/sites/default/files/user_uploads/files/books/Main%20Indicators%20Report.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 24 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fourth+Population+and+Housing+Census%2C+Rwanda%2C+2012%E2%80%94Final+Results%3A+Main+indicators+report&rft.pages=17&rft.date=2014-01&rft.au=National+Institute+of+Statistics+of+Rwanda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistics.gov.rw%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fuser_uploads%2Ffiles%2Fbooks%2FMain%2520Indicators%2520Report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Rwanda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWireduAbrahamIreleMenkiti2006" class="citation book cs1">Wiredu, Kwasi; Abraham, William E.; Irele, Abiola; Menkiti, Ifeanyi (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0HIbKtzjcQYC"><i>A companion to African philosophy</i></a>. Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 236–237. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-4567-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-4567-1"><bdi>978-1-4051-4567-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+companion+to+African+philosophy&rft.place=Malden%2C+Mass.&rft.pages=236-237&rft.pub=Wiley-Blackwell&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-4051-4567-1&rft.aulast=Wiredu&rft.aufirst=Kwasi&rft.au=Abraham%2C+William+E.&rft.au=Irele%2C+Abiola&rft.au=Menkiti%2C+Ifeanyi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0HIbKtzjcQYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Rwanda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Africa_topic" title="Template:Africa topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Africa_topic" title="Template talk:Africa topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Africa_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Africa topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Islam_in_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Africa" title="Islam in Africa">Islam in Africa </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Algeria" title="Islam in Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Angola" title="Islam in Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Benin" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Burkina_Faso" title="Islam in Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Burundi" title="Islam in Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Cameroon" title="Islam in Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Cape_Verde" title="Islam in Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Islam in the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Chad" title="Islam in Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Comoros" title="Islam in the Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Islam in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Islam in the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Djibouti" title="Islam in Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Egypt" title="Islam in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Islam in Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Eritrea" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Eswatini" title="Islam in Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Ethiopia" title="Islam in Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Gabon" title="Islam in Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Gambia" title="Islam in the Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Ghana" title="Islam in Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Guinea" title="Islam in Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Guinea-Bissau" title="Islam in Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Ivory_Coast" title="Islam in Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Kenya" title="Islam in Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Lesotho" title="Islam in Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Liberia" title="Islam in Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Libya" title="Islam in Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Madagascar" title="Islam in Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Malawi" title="Islam in Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Mali" title="Islam in Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Mauritania" title="Islam in Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Mauritius" title="Islam in Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Morocco" title="Islam in Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Mozambique" title="Islam in Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Namibia" title="Islam in Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Niger" title="Islam in Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Nigeria" title="Islam in Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Islam in São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Senegal" title="Islam in Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Seychelles" title="Islam in Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Sierra_Leone" title="Islam in Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Somalia" title="Islam in Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_South_Africa" title="Islam in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_South_Sudan" title="Islam in South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Sudan" title="Islam in Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Tanzania" title="Islam in Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Togo" title="Islam in Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Tunisia" title="Islam in Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Uganda" title="Islam in Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Zambia" title="Islam in Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Zimbabwe" title="Islam in Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">States with limited<br />recognition</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Somaliland" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Somaliland">Somaliland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Dependencies and<br />other territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Canary_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in the Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Ceuta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in Ceuta (page does not exist)">Ceuta</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Melilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in Melilla (page does not exist)">Melilla</a>  <span style="font-size:85%;">(Spain)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Madeira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in Madeira (page does not exist)">Madeira</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Portugal)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Mayotte" title="Islam in Mayotte">Mayotte</a> / <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_R%C3%A9union" title="Islam in Réunion">Réunion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(France)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Saint_Helena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in Saint Helena (page does not exist)">Saint Helena</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Ascension_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in Ascension Island (page does not exist)">Ascension Island</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Tristan_da_Cunha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in Tristan da Cunha (page does not exist)">Tristan da Cunha</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(United Kingdom)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Western_Sahara" title="Islam in Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Rwanda&oldid=1255598086">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Rwanda&oldid=1255598086</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Islam_in_Rwanda" title="Category:Islam in Rwanda">Islam in 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