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Çelik</a><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="114609" href="https://bilgi.academia.edu/F%C4%B1ratGen%C3%A7"><img alt="Profile image of Fırat Genç" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/114609/5444779/12458653/s65_f_rat.gen_.jpg" />Fırat Genç</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":49376827,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/28940228/The_walls_built_by_education_are_hard_to_climb"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":49376827,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/28940228/The_walls_built_by_education_are_hard_to_climb"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" 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The current problems and challenges of Turkey’s education system will also be discussed.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Turkey’s Education Policy During the AK Party Era (2002-2013)","attachmentId":32929746,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/5969555/Turkey_s_Education_Policy_During_the_AK_Party_Era_2002_2013_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/5969555/Turkey_s_Education_Policy_During_the_AK_Party_Era_2002_2013_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="34744750" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34744750/EDUCATION_POLICY_OUTLOOK_TURKEY">EDUCATION POLICY OUTLOOK: TURKEY</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="68953894" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BandarHothaifa">Bandar Hothaifa</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"EDUCATION POLICY OUTLOOK: TURKEY","attachmentId":54602851,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34744750/EDUCATION_POLICY_OUTLOOK_TURKEY","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/34744750/EDUCATION_POLICY_OUTLOOK_TURKEY"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="35816218" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35816218/I_N_T_U_R_K_E_Y_A_N_D_A_B_R_O_A_D_ASSAULT_ON_EDUCATION_SHUT_DOWN_IN_TURKEY">I N T U R K E Y A N D A B R O A D ASSAULT ON EDUCATION SHUT DOWN IN TURKEY</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="75746419" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JournalistsandWritersFoundation">Journalists and Writers Foundation</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The present report examines the systematic legislative, administrative, and other efforts by the Justice and Development Party (AKP) since the beginning of its rule, in particular since 2011 and the aftermath of the July 15, 2016 coup attempt – to permanently Islamize Turkey’s education system.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"I N T U R K E Y A N D A B R O A D ASSAULT ON EDUCATION SHUT DOWN IN TURKEY","attachmentId":55693201,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35816218/I_N_T_U_R_K_E_Y_A_N_D_A_B_R_O_A_D_ASSAULT_ON_EDUCATION_SHUT_DOWN_IN_TURKEY","alternativeTracking":true}"><span 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ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="9293034" href="https://secbir.academia.edu/kenan%C3%A7ay%C4%B1r">Kenan Çayır</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This introduction seeks to provide a contextual framework for understanding recent developments in the Turkish education system. For this purpose, it reviews some major policy issues such as neo-liberal education reforms and increasing religiosity. Then, the article introduces the various contributions included in this special issue of Comparative Education, and highlights some of the emerging issues and patterns.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Turkey at a crossroads: critical debates and issues in education","attachmentId":51149988,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/30704105/Turkey_at_a_crossroads_critical_debates_and_issues_in_education","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/30704105/Turkey_at_a_crossroads_critical_debates_and_issues_in_education"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="876512" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/876512/Educational_reform_in_Turkey">Educational reform in Turkey</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="702279" href="https://bilkent.academia.edu/NecmiAksit">Necmi Aksit</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Educational Development, 2007</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">There are a number of reform initiatives underway in Turkey but some of these, which are concerned with curricular and structural changes, have encountered serious difficulties. This paper begins with a brief summary of school effectiveness and school improvement research guiding many educational reforms. It then gives some information about school demographics in Turkey, and the country's performance in some international benchmarking studies. It continues with the shifts introduced as a result of recent curricular reorganisation in Turkey and, subsequently, with various issues related to their implications. Finally, the efforts to legislate some structural changes and the major controversies arising are presented.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Educational reform in Turkey","attachmentId":51193886,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/876512/Educational_reform_in_Turkey","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/876512/Educational_reform_in_Turkey"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="4021146" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4021146/To_Which_Direction_Does_the_Education_Policy_of_AK_Party_change">To Which Direction Does the Education Policy of AK Party change?</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2064554" href="https://sabanciuniv.academia.edu/AytugSasmaz">Aytug Sasmaz</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"To Which Direction Does the Education Policy of AK Party change?","attachmentId":31564139,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4021146/To_Which_Direction_Does_the_Education_Policy_of_AK_Party_change","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/4021146/To_Which_Direction_Does_the_Education_Policy_of_AK_Party_change"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="74569523" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74569523/Selda_Polat_Neo_liberal_education_policies_in_Turkey_and_transformation_in_education_i">Selda Polat Neo-liberal education policies in Turkey and transformation in education i</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7652352" href="https://independent.academia.edu/seldapolat">selda polat</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">As it is in many countries in the world, in Turkey the effects of neoliberal ideology have rapidly increased since the 1980s, and social and economic structure has been transformed. Education, which is the basic dynamic of constructing social and economic structure and regeneration, stands in the center of neoliberalism. In this process, what determines education is global policies and market relations rather than public. Every practice, such as privatization of education, decreasing public expenses, enforcing &quot;flexible&quot; working, leaving employees without insurance and making the curriculum more conservative is a result of neoliberal policies. Descending all these actions to the level of simple evaluation prevents a detailed analysis of the reasons for these policies while also hindering the response to these policies. In this study, neoliberal education policies practiced in Turkey and transformation in education are described with a critical perspective.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Selda Polat Neo-liberal education policies in Turkey and transformation in education i","attachmentId":82675316,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74569523/Selda_Polat_Neo_liberal_education_policies_in_Turkey_and_transformation_in_education_i","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/74569523/Selda_Polat_Neo_liberal_education_policies_in_Turkey_and_transformation_in_education_i"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="37233208" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37233208/Elections_and_Education">Elections and Education</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="12767484" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ErgE%C4%9Fitim">ERG Education Reform Initiative</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">As long as education is used as a stage for political conflict, its promise to build our common future cannot be fulfilled. We need a radical change in our approach to education following the elections coming up for the president and the members of the 27th Parliament. It is only a matter of years before the window of opportunity created by the high percentage of youth in the population expires. It is now critically important for Turkey that political parties come together at the table and provide political consensus for common goals in education. In the campaigning for elections, what we need to hear from the candidates is a firm promise that they are willing to develop reasonable solutions with other leaders, in a patient manner, to challenging problems for all of us, regardless of individual, societal or geographical differences, instead of proposals of radical changes to education. As an increasingly polarized society, and as an educational community that is tired of constant reforms, we need to hear promises of an environment where all stakeholders are included and heard while making decisions. The educational dream built around the idea of “Republic 100+” should be realized and as a first step to this, the Turkey’s National Educational Strategy 2020-2030 should be developed. Plans should not be implemented before all the challenges are thoroughly understood and their effects evaluated beforehand. Data should be prioritized in governmental decision making. The fate of school children should not be a state of unpreparedness for the world awaiting them. Teachers who demonstrate strong self-confidence in trying to change the fate of children by doing everything within their power should be supported and empowering them should be a priority. In education, we need to focus on strengthening schools. Candidates should promise to work to narrow the gap between our country and the world, and also between our own schools. By working together around commonly shared educational goals that we determine as a country under the guidance of the goals set by the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals for 2030, we can create a success story. We would first, however, need to create a structure that is based on the founding principles of the Republic of Turkey, that feeds off of its gains, that uses its strengths to its advantage, and that has foresight about the future and acts accordingly. To achieve all this, we do not first need educational reform, but rather, to put common mind into action. This is the biggest opportunity awaiting the new government to be. As Education Reform Initiative (ERG), before each election, including the one that will be held on June 24, 2018 and which will determine the president and the members of the 27th parliament, we share with each candidate our suggestions with regards to education based on our comprehensive studies.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Elections and Education","attachmentId":57184895,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37233208/Elections_and_Education","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/37233208/Elections_and_Education"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="16530029" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16530029/Progress_towards_good_quality_education_for_all_in_Turkey_a_qualified_success">Progress towards good-quality education for all in Turkey: a qualified success?</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="9138604" href="https://ajitha.academia.edu/nihankoseleciblanchy">nihan koseleci blanchy</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Drawing from a range of secondary data sources, this paper succinctly overviews patterns of access to good-quality education in Turkey over the last 15 years. It also maps the policy context within which issues of access, quality and equity are examined. As a result of effective supply and demand side strategies, enrolment ratios beyond the primary level have also risen, with the average lower secondary enrolment currently standing at over 90%, and gender disparity has also been achieved at this level. Yet, educational expansion was less successful in the least developed eastern and southeastern regions of Turkey, particularly for girls. Turkey has also given a higher priority to the quality of education, in line with this global paradigm shift towards learning. However, learning levels remain low and largely unequal across regions, ethno-linguistic groups and socio-economic status. School segregation widens inequalities based on students’ socio-economic status, which should be taken into account in the aftermath of the new education reforms.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Progress towards good-quality education for all in Turkey: a qualified success?","attachmentId":43740295,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/16530029/Progress_towards_good_quality_education_for_all_in_Turkey_a_qualified_success","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/16530029/Progress_towards_good_quality_education_for_all_in_Turkey_a_qualified_success"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="33499104" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33499104/A_CLASS_PERSPECTIVE_ON_THE_NEW_ACTORS_AND_THEIR_DEMANDS_FROM_THE_TURKISH_EDUCATION_SYSTEM">A CLASS PERSPECTIVE ON THE NEW ACTORS AND THEIR DEMANDS FROM THE TURKISH EDUCATION SYSTEM</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4153993" href="https://independent.academia.edu/OnlLon">Fuat Ercan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The major aim of this study is to analyze changes taking place in the education system of Turkey. The analysis is based on the objective of uncovering the class dimensions of these changes. Before pointing out to the new class demands on education, firstly we consider the 'technical' and 'legitimizing' concepts currently related to education. Such an analysis is necessary as it uncovers both the structural transformations in capitalism and the demands of classes and actors within the process of transformation. The claims of organisations of education-related groups on education are considered at two levels: national and international. At both levels changes taking place in education is considered as a 'technical' necessity despite the fact that the basic structural determinant of the changes is the self-production of labour power. Secondly, we consider new class demands on the reproduction of labour power through changes in education, and the resultant reforms (legal changes) and other state projects. The study tries to understand changes in the education system not through the state but through the agency of class, reflected in state action. The study points out that the main orientation of reforms and projects is to establish parallels between education and labour markets for the advantage of capital. The study claims that EU policies are one of the major components which pursue such parallels. In summary, this study analyzes the changes in the education system of Turkey departing from the demands of classes which constitute parties to the restructuring process, as well as the function of the state in the shaping and realisation of these demands.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A CLASS PERSPECTIVE ON THE NEW ACTORS AND THEIR DEMANDS FROM THE TURKISH EDUCATION SYSTEM","attachmentId":53538307,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33499104/A_CLASS_PERSPECTIVE_ON_THE_NEW_ACTORS_AND_THEIR_DEMANDS_FROM_THE_TURKISH_EDUCATION_SYSTEM","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/33499104/A_CLASS_PERSPECTIVE_ON_THE_NEW_ACTORS_AND_THEIR_DEMANDS_FROM_THE_TURKISH_EDUCATION_SYSTEM"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":49376827,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":49376827,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_49376827" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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