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id="toc-2021_federal_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2021_federal_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 2021 federal election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2021_federal_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_the_2021_federal_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_the_2021_federal_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.6 After the 2021 federal election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_the_2021_federal_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Principles_and_policies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Principles_and_policies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Principles and policies </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Principles_and_policies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only 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Available in 14 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" > 14 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="حزب الشعب الكندي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حزب الشعب الكندي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Народна партия на Канада – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Народна партия на Канада" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Popular_de_Canad%C3%A1" title="Partido Popular de Canadá – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Partido Popular de Canadá" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="حزب مردم کانادا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حزب مردم کانادا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti_populaire_du_Canada" title="Parti populaire du Canada – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Parti populaire du Canada" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BA%90%EB%82%98%EB%8B%A4_%EC%9D%B8%EB%AF%BC%EB%8B%B9" title="캐나다 인민당 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="캐나다 인민당" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partito_Popolare_del_Canada" title="Partito Popolare del Canada – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Partito Popolare del Canada" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Popular_do_Canad%C3%A1" title="Partido Popular do Canadá – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Partido Popular do Canadá" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Народная партия Канады – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Народная партия Канады" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Party_of_Canada" title="People's Party of Canada – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="People's Party of Canada" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Народна партија Канаде – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Народна партија Канаде" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanadan_kansanpuolue" title="Kanadan kansanpuolue – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kanadan kansanpuolue" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Народна партія Канади – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Народна партія Канади" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E9%BB%A8" title="加拿大人民黨 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="加拿大人民黨" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a 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searchaux" style="display:none">Federal political party</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;"><div style="padding-top:0.3em; padding-bottom:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #6f5d9a; border-bottom:2px solid #6f5d9a; line-height: 1;"><div class="fn org">People's Party of Canada</div> <div style="font-size: 0.8em; padding-top:0.3em;" class="nickname">Parti populaire du Canada</div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo" style="padding-top:.4em;padding-bottom:.3em;"><a href="/wiki/File:People%27s_Party_of_Canada_logo_2021.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/People%27s_Party_of_Canada_logo_2021.png/250px-People%27s_Party_of_Canada_logo_2021.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/People%27s_Party_of_Canada_logo_2021.png/375px-People%27s_Party_of_Canada_logo_2021.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/People%27s_Party_of_Canada_logo_2021.png/500px-People%27s_Party_of_Canada_logo_2021.png 2x" data-file-width="9415" data-file-height="1623" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data nickname" style="line-height:1.3em;">PPC</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Party_leader" title="Party leader">Leader</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Maxime_Bernier" title="Maxime Bernier">Maxime Bernier</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;">Maxime Bernier</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">September 14, 2018; 6 years ago (2018-09-14)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Split from</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative Party of Canada</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Gatineau" title="Gatineau">Gatineau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>, Canada</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Youth_wing" title="Youth wing">Youth wing</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">New Generation PPC</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Membership <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style>(2021)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 30,000<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_ideologies" title="List of political ideologies">Ideology</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservatism" title="Conservatism">Conservatism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populism" title="Right-wing populism">Right-wing populism</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_spectrum" title="Political spectrum">Political position</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Right-wing_politics" title="Right-wing politics">Right-wing</a> to <a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics" title="Far-right politics">far-right</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Colours</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style>  Purple</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Canada" title="Senate of Canada">Senate</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;">0 / 105<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #6f5d9a; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">House of Commons</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;">0 / 338<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #6f5d9a; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://peoplespartyofcanada.ca">peoplespartyofcanada.ca</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="padding-top:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-top:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #6f5d9a;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Canada" title="Politics of Canada">Politics of Canada</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_political_parties_in_Canada" title="List of federal political parties in Canada">Political parties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_federal_general_elections" title="List of Canadian federal general elections">Elections</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> The People's Party of Canada (PPC; <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: Parti populaire du Canada) is a <a href="/wiki/Federal_political_party_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal political party in Canada">federal political party in Canada</a>. The party was formed by <a href="/wiki/Maxime_Bernier" title="Maxime Bernier">Maxime Bernier</a> in September 2018, shortly after his resignation from the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative Party of Canada</a>. It is placed on the <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_politics" title="Right-wing politics">right</a><a href="#cite_note-attention-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-iPolitics-3">[3]</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics" title="Far-right politics">far-right</a><a href="#cite_note-guardianOct8-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-NationalObserverOct7-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-TorontoStarOct9-6">[6]</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Political_spectrum" title="Political spectrum">political spectrum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-attention-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-iPolitics-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTOct13-7">[7]</a> Bernier, a former candidate for the <a href="/wiki/2017_Conservative_Party_of_Canada_leadership_election" title="2017 Conservative Party of Canada leadership election">2017 Conservative Party of Canada leadership election</a> and cabinet minister, was the party's only <a href="/wiki/Members_of_Parliament_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Members of Parliament (Canada)">Member of Parliament</a> (MP) from its founding in 2018 to his defeat in the <a href="/wiki/2019_Canadian_federal_election" title="2019 Canadian federal election">2019 Canadian federal election</a>. The PPC formed <a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_association" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral district association">electoral district associations</a> in 326 <a href="/wiki/Riding_(division)" title="Riding (division)">ridings</a>,<a href="#cite_note-CTV338-8">[8]</a> and ran candidates in 315 ridings,<a href="#cite_note-CTV338-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> of Canada's total 338 ridings, in the 2019 federal election; however, no candidate was elected under its banner and Bernier lost his bid for personal re-election in <a href="/wiki/Beauce_(electoral_district)" title="Beauce (electoral district)">Beauce</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CTV338-8">[8]</a> The party ran 312 candidates in the <a href="/wiki/2021_Canadian_federal_election" title="2021 Canadian federal election">2021 Canadian federal election</a>; none were elected to parliament, despite it increasing its share of the popular vote to nearly 5%.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-PPC_rise-11">[11]</a> The party has been described primarily as <a href="/wiki/Conservative" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservative">conservative</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto6-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> with <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populist" class="mw-redirect" title="Right-wing populist">right-wing populist</a><a href="#cite_note-Budd_2018-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-Aiello_2018-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-17">[17]</a> policies. Specific policies advocated by the party include reducing <a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Canada" title="Immigration to Canada">immigration to Canada</a> to 150,000 entrants per year,<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> scrapping the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Multiculturalism_Act" title="Canadian Multiculturalism Act">Canadian Multiculturalism Act</a>, withdrawing from the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Agreement" title="Paris Agreement">Paris Agreement</a>, ending <a href="/wiki/Corporate_welfare" title="Corporate welfare">corporate welfare</a>, and ending <a href="/wiki/Supply_management_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Supply management (Canada)">supply management</a>. In the 2021 federal election, the PPC also ran in opposition to <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_lockdowns" title="COVID-19 lockdowns">COVID-19 lockdowns</a> and restrictions, <a href="/wiki/Vaccine_passports_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic">vaccine passports</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Compulsory_vaccination" class="mw-redirect" title="Compulsory vaccination">compulsory vaccinations</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MadMax-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-Rakich_2021-20">[20]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formation">Formation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Formation">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maxime_Bernier_in_2017_-_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Maxime_Bernier_in_2017_-_cropped.jpg/170px-Maxime_Bernier_in_2017_-_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Maxime_Bernier_in_2017_-_cropped.jpg/255px-Maxime_Bernier_in_2017_-_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Maxime_Bernier_in_2017_-_cropped.jpg/340px-Maxime_Bernier_in_2017_-_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1454" data-file-height="2188" /></a><figcaption>Bernier in 2017</figcaption></figure> The PPC was formed a few weeks after the resignation of <a href="/wiki/Maxime_Bernier" title="Maxime Bernier">Maxime Bernier</a>, a candidate in the <a href="/wiki/2017_Conservative_Party_of_Canada_leadership_election" title="2017 Conservative Party of Canada leadership election">2017 Conservative Party of Canada leadership election</a> and former cabinet minister from the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative Party of Canada</a>.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> In his resignation speech, Bernier stated that he was leaving because "I've come to realize ... this party is too intellectually and morally corrupt to be reformed." Bernier also stated that under opposition leader <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Scheer" title="Andrew Scheer">Andrew Scheer</a>, to whom Bernier finished runner-up in the 2017 party leadership election, the Conservative Party had abandoned its principles on issues including <a href="/wiki/Political_correctness" title="Political correctness">political correctness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corporate_welfare" title="Corporate welfare">corporate welfare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Equalization_payments_in_Canada" title="Equalization payments in Canada">equalization payments</a> reform, and <a href="/wiki/Supply_management_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Supply management (Canada)">supply management</a>.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> In a <a href="/wiki/National_Post" title="National Post">National Post</a> op-ed, Bernier stated that his motive for forming the party was to reverse the <a href="/wiki/Public_choice" title="Public choice">public choice</a> dynamic in the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_political_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian political system">Canadian political system</a> resulting in vote-buying and <a href="/wiki/Pandering_(politics)" title="Pandering (politics)">pandering</a> by political parties. He reiterated his belief that the Conservative Party could not be reformed to end this practice, and that a new political party was required.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> Bernier was accused by prominent Conservative politicians such as former prime ministers <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Harper" title="Stephen Harper">Stephen Harper</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brian_Mulroney" title="Brian Mulroney">Brian Mulroney</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> of trying to divide the <a href="/wiki/Political_right" class="mw-redirect" title="Political right">political right</a>. He responded on the <a href="/wiki/CBC_Television" title="CBC Television">CBC Television</a> show <a href="/wiki/Power_%26_Politics" title="Power & Politics">Power & Politics</a> that he wanted to focus on disaffected voters, and cited the political rise of French president <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a> as an example.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-cbc.ca-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> Bernier later cited the breakthrough of the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Alliance_of_New_Brunswick" title="People's Alliance of New Brunswick">People's Alliance of New Brunswick</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2018_New_Brunswick_general_election" title="2018 New Brunswick general election">2018 New Brunswick general election</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Coalition_Avenir_Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Coalition Avenir Québec">Coalition Avenir Québec</a> win in <a href="/wiki/2018_Quebec_general_election" title="2018 Quebec general election">2018 Quebec general election</a> as examples of voters' disdain for traditional political parties and expressing a desire for change by voting for new parties.<a href="#cite_note-cbc.ca-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> Prior to his resignation from the Conservative Party, Bernier had begun reestablishing contact with individuals who had supported his 2017 Conservative leadership bid; they believed he had the necessary support to register a party with <a href="/wiki/Elections_Canada" title="Elections Canada">Elections Canada</a>.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> <a href="/wiki/Le_Devoir" title="Le Devoir">Le Devoir</a> reported that members of seven Conservative constituency associations defected to the party.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> A few days after announcing the party name, <a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_of_Canada" title="Libertarian Party of Canada">Libertarian Party of Canada</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Tim_Moen" title="Tim Moen">Tim Moen</a>, who had previously offered the leadership of that party to Bernier, stated that he was open to the idea of a merger with the People's Party.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> When asked by <a href="/wiki/Global_News" title="Global News">Global News</a>, Bernier indicated he had no interest in a merger.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> In early September 2018, The <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Nationalist_Party_(2017)" title="Canadian Nationalist Party (2017)">Canadian Nationalist Party</a> reached out to People's Party "to see if there would be any interest in possibly co-operating with the Canadian Nationalist Party."<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> Bernier declined any further discussions with Patron.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> When asked about organizing by the party, he mentioned that he would use tools that did not exist in the past, such as the use of social media.<a href="#cite_note-La_Presse-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-38">[38]</a> Bernier planned to run candidates in all of Canada's 338 federal ridings in the <a href="/wiki/2019_Canadian_federal_election" title="2019 Canadian federal election">2019 Canadian federal election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> The party's registration documents were officially submitted to Elections Canada on October 10, 2018.<a href="#cite_note-application_submitted-40">[40]</a> In addition, he stated that <a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_associations" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral district associations">electoral district associations</a> (EDA) would be in place by December 31, 2018, and that the EDAs would start focusing on finding candidates starting in January 2019.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-38">[38]</a> On November 1, 2018, the party revealed that it had over 30,000 "founding members".<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> News outlets later revealed that one of the PPC's founding members was a former American <a href="/wiki/White_nationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="White nationalist">white nationalist</a>, and that two others had ties to <a href="/wiki/Anti-immigration" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-immigration">anti-immigration</a> groups.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> The former white nationalist was removed from the party on August 29, 2019, after his past came to light. A spokesperson for the party stated that his past didn't come up during the vetting process since he came from the United States.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> The two other members denied having racist views and the party later told Le Devoir that they did not have enough resources to vet them at the beginning of the PPC's formation.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> In November 2018, <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Democratic_Institutions" title="Minister of Democratic Institutions">Minister of Democratic Institutions</a> <a href="/wiki/Karina_Gould" title="Karina Gould">Karina Gould</a> said that Bernier would qualify for debates hosted by the <a href="/wiki/Leaders%27_Debates_Commission" title="Leaders' Debates Commission">Leaders' Debates Commission</a> if the party nominated candidates in 90% of ridings.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> The party held rallies in <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Calgary" title="Calgary">Calgary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottawa%E2%80%93Gatineau" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottawa–Gatineau">Ottawa–Gatineau</a>,<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> <a href="/wiki/Winnipeg" title="Winnipeg">Winnipeg</a>,<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> <a href="/wiki/Saskatoon" title="Saskatoon">Saskatoon</a>,<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Quebec_City" title="Quebec City">Quebec City</a>.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> In 2019, it held rallies in <a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Ontario" title="Hamilton, Ontario">Hamilton</a>,<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> <a href="/wiki/Saint_John,_New_Brunswick" title="Saint John, New Brunswick">Saint John</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Halifax,_Nova_Scotia" title="Halifax, Nova Scotia">Halifax</a>.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> On December 21, 2018, the party established EDAs in all 338 electoral districts.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Registration">Registration</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Registration">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:PPC-logo-en.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Former logo of the People's Party of Canada including the abbreviation and full name of the party. The maple leaf is displayed inside the C in PPC." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/PPC-logo-en.png/200px-PPC-logo-en.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/PPC-logo-en.png/300px-PPC-logo-en.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/PPC-logo-en.png 2x" data-file-width="388" data-file-height="186" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:People%27s_Party_of_Canada_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Former logo of the People's Party of Canada with the shortened name People's Party and a maple leaf on its right." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/People%27s_Party_of_Canada_logo.png/200px-People%27s_Party_of_Canada_logo.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/People%27s_Party_of_Canada_logo.png/300px-People%27s_Party_of_Canada_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/People%27s_Party_of_Canada_logo.png/400px-People%27s_Party_of_Canada_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="581" data-file-height="200" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Previous party logos, 2018–2021</div></div></div></div> The party received its eligibility status on November 11, 2018. It was registered by Elections Canada on January 19, 2019, after nominating candidates for by-elections in <a href="/wiki/Outremont_(electoral_district)" title="Outremont (electoral district)">Outremont</a>, <a href="/wiki/York%E2%80%94Simcoe_(federal_electoral_district)" title="York—Simcoe (federal electoral district)">York—Simcoe</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Burnaby_South" title="Burnaby South">Burnaby South</a> which were called for February 25, 2019, and <a href="/wiki/Nanaimo%E2%80%94Ladysmith" title="Nanaimo—Ladysmith">Nanaimo—Ladysmith</a>.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/By-elections_to_the_42nd_Canadian_Parliament#February_25,_2019_by-elections" title="By-elections to the 42nd Canadian Parliament">February 25 by-elections</a>, the party received 10.9% of the vote in <a href="/wiki/2019_Burnaby_South_federal_by-election" title="2019 Burnaby South federal by-election">Burnaby South</a> and 1.5% in each of York—Simcoe and Outremont.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Candidate_selections_for_the_2019_federal_election">Candidate selections for the 2019 federal election</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Candidate selections for the 2019 federal election">edit</a>]</div> Bernier told the <a href="/wiki/National_Post" title="National Post">National Post</a> that the party would start candidate nominations for the October general election after the by-elections.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> On March 25, 2019, Bernier announced in a press conference that the party has opened an online search for candidates until April 23, with candidate selection meetings to follow between May 7 and 13.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> In an interview on the <a href="/wiki/CTV_News_Channel_(Canadian_TV_channel)" title="CTV News Channel (Canadian TV channel)">CTV</a> television show <a href="/wiki/Power_Play_(2009_TV_program)" title="Power Play (2009 TV program)">Power Play</a>, he said that the party planned to have their first convention on June 1 to 2.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> The party held their conference from August 18 to 19, where "roughly 500 party officials took part in door knocking workshops, traditional media and social media training, debate training and mock debate."<a href="#cite_note-Aug_18-63">[63]</a> The party has undergone several controversies.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> In April 2019, Angelo Isidorou, a party executive and the <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Quadra" title="Vancouver Quadra">Vancouver Quadra</a> district association president resigned, stating the party was an "utter free-for-all" and had been "hijacked by egomaniacs". Isidorou was one of the earliest individuals to blow the whistle on internal racism within the party.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> More resignations followed Isidorou and echoed accusations that the party had been infiltrated by "racist, xenophobic, homophobic and downright hateful people".<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> In July 2019, the entire People's Party of Canada board in <a href="/wiki/Elmwood%E2%80%94Transcona" title="Elmwood—Transcona">Elmwood—Transcona</a> publicly sent a resignation letter, claiming that "racists", "anti-Semites" and "conspiracy theorists" had taken over and were promoting "the closure of Canada's "physical and economic borders" and had "spread misinformation through personal and official channels".<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> They cited disillusionment towards the party's increasingly xenophobic nature and lack of focus towards economic discussion as their core reasons for resigning.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> <a href="/wiki/Steven_Fletcher_(politician)" title="Steven Fletcher (politician)">Steven Fletcher</a>, PPC candidate for <a href="/wiki/Charleswood%E2%80%94St._James%E2%80%94Assiniboia%E2%80%94Headingley" title="Charleswood—St. James—Assiniboia—Headingley">Charleswood—St. James—Assiniboia—Headingley</a>, rejected the accusation, claiming the action is rooted in vindictiveness against Bernier.<a href="#cite_note-resigns-69">[69]</a> The manager of the <a href="/wiki/Elmwood%E2%80%94Transcona" title="Elmwood—Transcona">Elmwood—Transcona</a> Facebook page responded to the criticism by stating: "Our problem is not necessarily with Max [Bernier] himself, but the entire organization has deep-rooted problems." The <a href="/wiki/Winnipeg_South_Centre" title="Winnipeg South Centre">Winnipeg South Centre</a> EDA argued that it was normal for a party to have "people with crazy ideas and racists" and wanted to know how the party reacted to it.<a href="#cite_note-resigns-69">[69]</a> Fletcher disputed their statement, stating that "they'd be kicked out pretty fast" if they held any such viewpoints, and touted the diversity of the PPC's candidates. Fletcher claimed that "some elements of the NDP and the Green Party" have "anti-Semitic viewpoints" and that there was an "anti-Quebec vibe" in online forums from "people supporting [Conservative Party leader] Andrew Scheer."<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> The PPC later told <a href="/wiki/Global_News" title="Global News">Global News</a> that the removal of the white nationalist was an example of the party taking a stand against racism.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/2019_Canadian_federal_election" title="2019 Canadian federal election">2019 Canadian federal election</a>, Bernier lost his own seat to a Conservative, and no People's Party candidates were elected.<a href="#cite_note-disappointing_night_g&m-72">[72]</a> Bernier was the only People's Party candidate to come even close to winning; he won 28.4% of the vote (a 20-point drop from 2015), and no other candidate won more than 4% of the vote. The party received approximately 1.6% of the popular vote nationwide. According to the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Press">Canadian Press</a>, the PPC may have cost the Conservatives some ridings but did not garner enough votes to affect the overall result.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_the_2019_federal_election">After the 2019 federal election</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: After the 2019 federal election">edit</a>]</div> On February 24, 2020, Elections Canada deregistered 38 of the party's EDAs for failing to comply with reporting requirements. The deregistered EDAs would not be able to accept contributions or issue tax receipts unless they remedy their status with Elections Canada and become re-registered.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> Two candidates, including <a href="/wiki/Maxime_Bernier" title="Maxime Bernier">Maxime Bernier</a> ran for the <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Centre_(federal_electoral_district)" title="Toronto Centre (federal electoral district)">Toronto Centre</a> and <a href="/wiki/York_Centre_(federal_electoral_district)" title="York Centre (federal electoral district)">York Centre</a> <a href="/wiki/By-elections_to_the_43rd_Canadian_Parliament" title="By-elections to the 43rd Canadian Parliament">by-election</a>, following the resignations of <a href="/wiki/Michael_Levitt_(politician)" title="Michael Levitt (politician)">Michael Levitt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bill_Morneau" title="Bill Morneau">Bill Morneau</a>; however, both candidates were unsuccessful in their campaign, garnering less than 3.6% of the popular vote in each riding,<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> and other EDAs have voluntarily deregistered.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2021_federal_election">2021 federal election</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2021 federal election">edit</a>]</div> The PPC announced it would contest the <a href="/wiki/2021_Canadian_federal_election" title="2021 Canadian federal election">2021 federal election</a> with the same platform it used in 2019 and Bernier running in his former riding of Beauce.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> The PPC also announced its opposition to further COVID-19 restrictions and lockdown measures, vaccine passports, and compulsory vaccinations as part of its campaign.<a href="#cite_note-MadMax-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-Rakich_2021-20">[20]</a> The PPC gained around 5% of the popular vote, an improvement on its 2019 result and surpassing the <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_Canada" title="Green Party of Canada">Green Party of Canada</a> in terms of vote share, with some PPC candidates finishing a distant second in the ridings they contested, but the party did not see any candidates elected with Bernier again losing to the Conservatives in Beauce.<a href="#cite_note-PPC_rise-11">[11]</a> Following the election, some political scientists and commentators debated whether the PPC's slightly stronger performance contributed to the Conservatives under <a href="/wiki/Erin_O%27Toole" title="Erin O'Toole">Erin O'Toole</a> losing to the Liberals. This view was endorsed by <a href="/wiki/Mainstreet_Research" title="Mainstreet Research">Mainstreet Research</a> CEO Quito Maggi and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">University of Toronto</a> political science professor Nelson Wiseman, who posited that the PPC may have cost the Conservatives at least ten ridings.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> It has also been described as not a simple generalization, as significant amount of PPC support arose from non-Conservative voters.<a href="#cite_note-PPC_rise-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_the_2021_federal_election">After the 2021 federal election</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: After the 2021 federal election">edit</a>]</div> The PPC organized a rally in <a href="/wiki/Waterloo,_Ontario" title="Waterloo, Ontario">Waterloo, Ontario</a>, featuring Bernier and independent MPP <a href="/wiki/Randy_Hillier_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Randy Hillier (politician)">Randy Hillier</a>, to support the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Convoy_2022" class="mw-redirect" title="Freedom Convoy 2022">Freedom Convoy 2022</a>'s call to end COVID-19 mandates.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> The PPC candidate in the <a href="/wiki/2022_Mississauga%E2%80%94Lakeshore_federal_by-election" title="2022 Mississauga—Lakeshore federal by-election">2022 Mississauga—Lakeshore federal by-election</a> garnered 1.2% of the vote.<a href="#cite_note-Official_Voting_Results-83">[83]</a> The PPC ran candidates in each of the 2023 federal by-elections, in the ridings of <a href="/wiki/Winnipeg_South_Centre" title="Winnipeg South Centre">Winnipeg South Centre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Notre-Dame-de-Gr%C3%A2ce%E2%80%94Westmount" title="Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount">Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portage%E2%80%94Lisgar" title="Portage—Lisgar">Portage—Lisgar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oxford_(federal_electoral_district)" title="Oxford (federal electoral district)">Oxford</a>. Party leader Maxime Bernier, who ran in Portage-Lisgar, won the highest number of votes at 17% but still lost the election.<a href="#cite_note-Official_Voting_Results-83">[83]</a> The PPC's "Western Lieutenant" Kelly Lorencz ran in the <a href="/wiki/Calgary_Heritage" title="Calgary Heritage">Calgary Heritage</a> July 24, 2023 by-election, and lost.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> Patricia Conlin ran as the PPC candidate in the March 4, 2024 by-election in the riding of <a href="/wiki/Durham_(federal_electoral_district)" title="Durham (federal electoral district)">Durham</a>, following the resignation of Erin O'Toole. She received 4% of the vote. In 2021, she received 5.50% of the vote. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Principles_and_policies">Principles and policies</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Principles and policies">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_du_Parti_Populaire_du_Canada.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Logo_du_Parti_Populaire_du_Canada.png/330px-Logo_du_Parti_Populaire_du_Canada.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Logo_du_Parti_Populaire_du_Canada.png/495px-Logo_du_Parti_Populaire_du_Canada.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Logo_du_Parti_Populaire_du_Canada.png/660px-Logo_du_Parti_Populaire_du_Canada.png 2x" data-file-width="3126" data-file-height="517" /></a><figcaption>French party logo</figcaption></figure> The PPC has been described primarily as a <a href="/wiki/Conservative" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservative">conservative</a> party<a href="#cite_note-auto6-13">[13]</a> with <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populist" class="mw-redirect" title="Right-wing populist">right-wing populist</a><a href="#cite_note-Aiello_2018-16">[16]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Libertarianism" title="Libertarianism">libertarian</a><a href="#cite_note-attention-2">[2]</a> policies. It is generally seen as being on the right<a href="#cite_note-attention-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-iPolitics-3">[3]</a> to <a href="/wiki/Far-right" class="mw-redirect" title="Far-right">far-right</a><a href="#cite_note-guardianOct8-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-NationalObserverOct7-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-TorontoStarOct9-6">[6]</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Left%E2%80%93right_political_spectrum" title="Left–right political spectrum">left–right political spectrum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NYTOct13-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> A number of political scientists have also described Bernier's rhetoric as reminiscent of <a href="/wiki/Classical_liberalism" title="Classical liberalism">classical liberalism</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Pittis_2018-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> However, political scientist Brian Budd describes Bernier's rhetoric and the party's platform as "[reflective of] the ideological tenets of a populist radical right, defined by a commitment to <a href="/wiki/Xenophobia" title="Xenophobia">xenophobia</a>". Budd argues that the party is "aimed at Canada's far right groups and supporters", who "may [view] Bernier and the People's Party of Canada as a viable pathway to mainstreaming their xenophobic and nationalistic beliefs in Canada".<a href="#cite_note-Budd_2018-15">[15]</a> The party describes its ideology as a mixture of "common sense, populism, <a href="/wiki/Classical_conservatism" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical conservatism">classical conservatism</a>, and libertarianism".<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> Bernier stated that his party is "a coalition of people who are disenchanted with traditional politicians who say one thing one day, and another the next".<a href="#cite_note-La_Presse-36">[36]</a> He mentioned that his platform would be based around the principles of freedom, responsibility, fairness, and respect.<a href="#cite_note-iPolitics5-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> Bernier has stated that these principles are non-negotiable,<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> but that members would have input on policies as they are refined,<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> and that a candidate questionnaire asks potential candidates about which policies they want in the platform.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> In addition to these principles, the party would advocate for "smart populism", which Bernier defines as "populism without emotions", speaking for "all Canadians", and not appeasing "special interest groups".<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> Bernier has described the party as a "grassroots party".<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> He has also stated that the party is neither left wing or right wing, preferring the difference between being free and not free.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> Bernier told <a href="/wiki/Vassy_Kapelos" title="Vassy Kapelos">Vassy Kapelos</a> that the party would debate discussions that "the leadership and the caucus" did not want to have while he was a Conservative Party member,<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> also stating that people who espouse <a href="/wiki/Antisemitic" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitic">antisemitic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Racist" class="mw-redirect" title="Racist">racist</a>, or xenophobic positions "are not welcome" in the party.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> A spokesperson has stated that the party does not debate the science of <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> At the time of its formation, the party indicated that its formal platform would be gradually unveiled, but it would generally follow the platform that Bernier ran on during his <a href="/wiki/2017_Conservative_Party_of_Canada_leadership_election" title="2017 Conservative Party of Canada leadership election">2017 Conservative leadership campaign</a>.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> Bernier stated that the platform "will be built on facts".<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> He said that <a href="/wiki/Socially_conservative" class="mw-redirect" title="Socially conservative">socially conservative</a> policies such as <a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Canada" title="Abortion in Canada">abortion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gender_identity" title="Gender identity">gender identity</a> would not be part of the party platform.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> The party supports removing <a href="/wiki/Trade_barrier" title="Trade barrier">trade barriers</a> between <a href="/wiki/Provinces_and_territories_of_Canada" title="Provinces and territories of Canada">Canada's provinces</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Conn_2019-104">[104]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economy">Economy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a>]</div> Prominent platform planks include ending <a href="/wiki/Corporate_welfare" title="Corporate welfare">corporate welfare</a> and phasing out <a href="/wiki/Supply_management_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Supply management (Canada)">supply management</a> over a number of years to allow farmers to adapt through compensation yet "save Canadians billions of dollars annually" through lower prices. Following the launch of the party, Bernier stated in a TV interview with <a href="/wiki/BNN_Bloomberg" title="BNN Bloomberg">BNN Bloomberg</a> that the telecom industry deregulation, increasing airline competition, reducing <a href="/wiki/Tax_bracket" title="Tax bracket">tax brackets</a> and having a discussion about the privatization of <a href="/wiki/Canada_Post" title="Canada Post">Canada Post</a>, which were key components of his original 2017 Conservative leadership platform, are all areas that he has an interest in.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environment">Environment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Environment">edit</a>]</div> The party's platform states that "it is an undisputed fact that the world's climate has always changed and will continue to change"<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> but rejects the <a href="/wiki/Scientific_consensus_on_climate_change" title="Scientific consensus on climate change">scientific consensus on climate change</a>, which it calls "climate change alarmism".<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-Global_Warming-108">[108]</a> The party plans to withdraw from the <a href="/wiki/Global_warming" class="mw-redirect" title="Global warming">global warming</a> fight, withdraw from the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Climate_Accord" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris Climate Accord">Paris Climate Accord</a>, abolish subsidies for <a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Canada" title="Renewable energy in Canada">green technology</a>, expand the oil and gas industries, scrap "the Liberal government's <a href="/wiki/Carbon_tax" title="Carbon tax">carbon tax</a>", but allow the private sector and the provinces to address climate issues, and "invest [in] mitigation strategies" if negative effects result from climate change.<a href="#cite_note-Conn_2019-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-Global_Warming-108">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> The party's main focus would be on "implementing practical solutions to make Canada's air, water and soil cleaner".<a href="#cite_note-Global_Warming-108">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_affairs">Foreign affairs</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Foreign affairs">edit</a>]</div> The party platform says that foreign policies should be "focused on the security and prosperity of Canadians, not an ideological approach that compromises our interests". It supports <a href="/wiki/Multilateralism" title="Multilateralism">multilateralism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Non-interventionism" title="Non-interventionism">non-interventionism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Free_trade" title="Free trade">free trade</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Humanitarianism" title="Humanitarianism">humanitarianism</a>; however, it plans to not get involved in foreign conflicts, "unless we have a compelling strategic interest in doing so", to reduce Canada's <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> (UN) presence "to a minimum", withdraw from UN commitments the party sees as threatening "our sovereignty", to accept free trade agreements that protect Canada's economy "from the threat of potentially hostile foreign investors", and phase out <a href="/wiki/Development_aid" title="Development aid">development aid</a>.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> The party opposed Canadian military support for Ukraine during the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a> and criticized <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> expansion in Eastern Europe.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> Bernier also took a neutral stance on the <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" title="Israel–Hamas war">Israel–Hamas war</a>, stating that he wanted to "keep Canada out of this conflict in the Middle East".<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="LGBT_rights">LGBT rights</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: LGBT rights">edit</a>]</div> The party has come out against Bill C-16, which added gender identity and expression as prohibited grounds of discrimination under the Canadian Human Rights Act and the Criminal Code, and expressed a desire to modify Bill C-6, which bans <a href="/wiki/Conversion_therapy" title="Conversion therapy">conversion therapy</a>, to add an exemption for youth with <a href="/wiki/Gender_dysphoria" title="Gender dysphoria">gender dysphoria</a>.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> The official party policy on transgender people focuses on two areas: transgender women being present in women's spaces and "[radical activists who] teach children that their gender is determined by stereotypes and if they do not fit into the traditional male or female gender roles, encourage them to think they may have been born in the wrong body."<a href="#cite_note-:2-116">[116]</a> Their proposed measures to combat these issues are to make the medical transition of minors illegal, defund groups that promote "<a href="/wiki/Anti-gender_movement" title="Anti-gender movement">gender ideology</a>" and sex change operations and ban transgender women from women's prisons, shelters, bathrooms, changing rooms and sports.<a href="#cite_note-:2-116">[116]</a> They also vowed to repeal Bill C-4 and <a href="/wiki/An_Act_to_amend_the_Canadian_Human_Rights_Act_and_the_Criminal_Code" title="An Act to amend the Canadian Human Rights Act and the Criminal Code">Bill C-16</a> which bans conversion therapy and allows gender self-identification respectively.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> The PPC claims that "cultural Marxists and radical activists in the media, government, and schools have made every effort to normalize toxic transgender ideology".<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> <a href="/wiki/Egale_Canada" title="Egale Canada">Egale Canada</a>, a national charity that advocates for LGBT rights and inclusion issued a statement condemning the PPC’s policy announcement as "harmful, hateful, and dangerous".<a href="#cite_note-ca.news.yahoo.com-119">[119]</a> The statement also calls on all Canadians to reject the PPC's platform and support parties that respect and protect <a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights">LGBT rights</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health_care">Health care</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Health care">edit</a>]</div> The party's platform states "it is up to the provinces to implement reforms in line with the more efficient and less costly mixed universal systems of other developed countries. Throwing more federal money at the problem is not the right approach."<a href="#cite_note-auto3-120">[120]</a> They plan to replace the <a href="/wiki/Canada_Health_Transfer" title="Canada Health Transfer">Canada Health Transfer</a> with a "transfer of tax points of equivalent value to the provinces and territories" by giving up the <a href="/wiki/Goods_and_services_tax_(Canada)" title="Goods and services tax (Canada)">goods and services tax</a> (GST) revenue collected by the federal government while creating a temporary program "to compensate poorer provinces" disadvantaged by the replacement.<a href="#cite_note-auto3-120">[120]</a> The party claims this would create the conditions for provincial and territorial governments to innovate,<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> while maintaining the <a href="/wiki/Canada_Health_Act" title="Canada Health Act">Canada Health Act</a>.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> The party has shown <a href="/wiki/Vaccine_hesitancy" title="Vaccine hesitancy">vaccine hesitancy</a>. Bernier and the PPC are opposed to vaccination mandates and support the lifting of pandemic restrictions.<a href="#cite_note-MadMax-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Immigration">Immigration</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Immigration">edit</a>]</div> The party plans <a href="/wiki/Immigration_reform" title="Immigration reform">immigration reform</a>, such as limiting immigration to no more than 150,000 people per year, by removing the parents and grandparents class from the <a href="/wiki/Family_reunification" title="Family reunification">family reunification</a> program, focusing on economic immigration through the reform of the immigration point system, making <a href="/wiki/Temporary_foreign_worker_program_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Temporary foreign worker program in Canada">temporary foreign workers</a> noncompetitive with "Canadian workers", and banning <a href="/wiki/Birth_tourism" title="Birth tourism">birth tourism</a>.<a href="#cite_note-cbc-126">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> They intend that all immigrants would undergo in-person interviews with immigration officials to determine whether their values and ideas accord with Canadian "societal norms".<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> The party would declare the entire border a port of entry to make deportation easier, since new arrivals can be refused at ports of entry. They would build <a href="/wiki/Border_barrier" title="Border barrier">border fences</a> at popular ports of entry crossings for migrants, rely on private sponsorship instead of government support for funding new refugees, but prioritize those "belonging to persecuted groups barred from neighbouring countries" and <a href="/wiki/Sexual_minority" title="Sexual minority">sexual minorities</a>.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Multiculturalism">Multiculturalism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Multiculturalism">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Multiculturalism_in_Canada" title="Multiculturalism in Canada">Multiculturalism in Canada</a></div> The party platform advocates for the cultural integration of immigrants, stating that it "enriches" Canadian society; in particular, the party criticized that the government "has pursued a policy of official <a href="/wiki/Multiculturalism" title="Multiculturalism">multiculturalism</a> that encourages immigrants to keep the values and culture they left behind instead of integrating into Canadian society and adopting Canadian values and culture." Some of the examples that they have listed as "distinct values of a contemporary Western civilization" are "equality between men and women", "separation of state and religion", "toleration and pluralism". The party classified Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a>'s comments referring to Canada as "the first post-national state, with no core identity" as a "cult of diversity". It opposes the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Multiculturalism_Act" title="Canadian Multiculturalism Act">Canadian Multiculturalism Act</a>, remarking that Canada's government should not help immigrants preserve their cultural heritage. The party intends to "repeal the Multiculturalism Act and eliminate all funding to promote multiculturalism."<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Veterans">Veterans</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Veterans">edit</a>]</div> On the topic of veterans,<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> the party platform says that "The government of Canada has an obligation to honour the nation's sacred commitment to our military men and women and make sure our veterans receive the support they deserve." It also plans to "enshrine in legislation the country's obligations to our veterans in a Military Covenant", reinstate fair military disability pensions and reemphasize the legislative guarantee of the "benefit of doubt" standard in the <a href="/wiki/Pension_regulation_in_Canada" title="Pension regulation in Canada">Pension Act</a>, review the <a href="/wiki/Veterans_Affairs_Canada#New_Veterans_Charter" title="Veterans Affairs Canada">New Veterans Charter</a> to determine which policies and programs should be retained, simplify the system, and make it easier to navigate.<a href="#cite_note-Aug_18-63">[63]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Self-defence">Self-defence</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Self-defence">edit</a>]</div> As part of Bernier's bid for the seat of <a href="/wiki/Portage%E2%80%94Lisgar" title="Portage—Lisgar">Portage—Lisgar</a> in 2023, the PPC published its "self-defence policy", stating it would remove pepper spray from the list of prohibited weapons and make it legal to possess and carry it for self-defence.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abortion">Abortion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Abortion">edit</a>]</div> The party opposes abortion with Bernier promising that if he is elected to Parliament, one of the first things he will do is "reopen the debate on abortion laws in Canada" and push for more restrictions on abortion.<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_results">Electoral results</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Electoral results">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Notice plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width:100%;margin:0;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style="text-align: left;"><div class="mbox-text-span">Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334940" class="extiw" title="phab:T334940">Phabricator</a> and on <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Graph/Plans" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Graph/Plans">MediaWiki.org</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align: left;"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Election </th> <th scope="col">Leader </th> <th scope="col">Seats </th> <th scope="col">+/− </th> <th scope="col">Votes </th> <th scope="col">% </th> <th scope="col">Rank </th> <th scope="col">Position </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2019_Canadian_federal_election" title="2019 Canadian federal election">2019</a> </th> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Maxime_Bernier" title="Maxime Bernier">Maxime Bernier</a> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">0 / 338<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #6f5d9a; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> </td> <td>294,092 </td> <td>1.6 </td> <td><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 6th </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no">Extra-parliamentary </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2021_Canadian_federal_election" title="2021 Canadian federal election">2021</a> </th> <td><div style="width: 100px;">0 / 338<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #6f5d9a; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> </td> <td>840,990 </td> <td>4.9 </td> <td><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 6th </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no">Extra-parliamentary </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Alliance" title="Canadian Alliance">Canadian Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Populism_in_Canada" title="Populism in Canada">Populism in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_Canada" title="Reform Party of Canada">Reform Party of Canada</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Party_of_Canada&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFpeoplespca2021" class="citation web cs1">@peoplespca (December 20, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/peoplespca/status/1473056718464733185">"Day Seven of the 12 Days of PPC Christmas! 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Conservative_parties_in_Canada" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Canadian_conservative_parties" title="Template:Canadian conservative parties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Canadian_conservative_parties" title="Template talk:Canadian conservative parties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Canadian_conservative_parties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Canadian conservative parties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Conservative_parties_in_Canada" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_conservative_parties_in_Canada" title="List of conservative parties in Canada">Conservative parties in Canada</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Federal" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Federal</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Official_opposition" class="mw-redirect" title="Official opposition">Official opposition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative Party of Canada</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">No representation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Future_Party" title="Canadian Future Party">Canadian Future</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Heritage_Party_of_Canada" title="Christian Heritage Party of Canada">Christian Heritage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maverick_Party" title="Maverick Party">Maverick</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">People's</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Alliance" title="Canadian Alliance">Canadian Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada_(1867%E2%80%931942)" title="Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942)">Conservative</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberal-Conservative_Party" title="Liberal-Conservative Party">Liberal-Conservative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_and_Conservative_Party" title="National Liberal and Conservative Party">National Liberal and Conservative</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Representative_Caucus" title="Democratic Representative Caucus">Democratic Representative Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal-Conservative_Party" title="Liberal-Conservative Party">Liberal-Conservative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Canadian_Party" title="Progressive Canadian Party">Progressive Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada">Progressive Conservative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_Party_of_Canada" title="Reconstruction Party of Canada">Reconstruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_Canada" title="Reform Party of Canada">Reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralliement_cr%C3%A9ditiste" title="Ralliement créditiste">Ralliement créditiste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Credit_Party_of_Canada" title="Social Credit Party of Canada">Social Credit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionist_Party_(Canada)" title="Unionist Party (Canada)">Unionist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Provincial_and_territorial" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Provincial and territorial</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coalition_Avenir_Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Coalition Avenir Québec">Coalition Avenir Québec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_New_Brunswick" title="Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick">New Brunswick PCs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Association_of_Nova_Scotia" title="Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia PCs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Ontario" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario">Ontario PCs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Prince_Edward_Island" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island PCs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saskatchewan_Party" title="Saskatchewan Party">Saskatchewan Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Conservative_Party" title="United Conservative Party">United Conservative (AB)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Official opposition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_British_Columbia" title="Conservative Party of British Columbia">Conservative Party of British Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Manitoba" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba">Manitoba PCs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Newfoundland and Labrador">Newfoundland and Labrador PCs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukon_Party" title="Yukon Party">Yukon Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Represented</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saskatchewan_United_Party" title="Saskatchewan United Party">Saskatchewan United</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="No_representation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">No representation</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alberta</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wildrose_Independence_Party_of_Alberta" title="Wildrose Independence Party of Alberta">Wildrose Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildrose_Loyalty_Coalition" title="Wildrose Loyalty Coalition">Wildrose Loyalty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">British Columbia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BC_United" title="BC United">BC United</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Heritage_Party_of_British_Columbia" title="Christian Heritage Party of British Columbia">Christian Heritage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manitoba</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Keystone_Party_of_Manitoba" title="Keystone Party of Manitoba">Keystone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New Brunswick</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Alliance_of_New_Brunswick" title="People's Alliance of New Brunswick">People's Alliance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nova Scotia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantica_Party" title="Atlantica Party">Atlantica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ontario</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadians%27_Choice_Party" title="Canadians' Choice Party">Canadians' Choice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Blue_Party_of_Ontario" title="New Blue Party of Ontario">New Blue Party of Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Alliance" title="Ontario Alliance">Ontario Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Party" title="Ontario Party">Ontario Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Provincial_Confederation_of_Regions_Party" title="Ontario Provincial Confederation of Regions Party">Ontario Provincial Confederation of Regions Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Populist_Party_Ontario" title="Populist Party Ontario">Populist Party Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stop_the_New_Sex-Ed_Agenda" title="Stop the New Sex-Ed Agenda">Stop the New Sex-Ed Agenda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Quebec</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Quebec" title="Conservative Party of Quebec">Conservative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89quipe_Autonomiste" title="Équipe Autonomiste">Équipe Autonomiste</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Saskatchewan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Party_of_Saskatchewan" title="Buffalo Party of Saskatchewan">Buffalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Saskatchewan" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Saskatchewan">Progressive Conservative</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yukon</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yukon_Freedom_Party" title="Yukon Freedom Party">Yukon Freedom Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Historical" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Historical</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alberta</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alberta_Alliance_Party" title="Alberta Alliance Party">Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Association_of_Alberta" title="Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta">Progressive Conservative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Conservative_Party_of_Alberta" title="Freedom Conservative Party of Alberta">Freedom Conservative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberta_Social_Credit_Party" title="Alberta Social Credit Party">Social Credit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildrose_Party" title="Wildrose Party">Wildrose</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">British Columbia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_Unity_Party" title="British Columbia Unity Party">Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_Social_Credit_Party" title="British Columbia Social Credit Party">Social Credit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manitoba</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manitoba_First" title="Manitoba First">Manitoba First</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New Brunswick</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick_Confederation_of_Regions_Party" title="New Brunswick Confederation of Regions Party">Confederation of Regions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Northwest Territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North-West_Territories_Liberal-Conservative_Party" title="North-West Territories Liberal-Conservative Party">North-West Territories Liberal-Conservatives</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ontario</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Protective_Association" title="Protestant Protective Association">Protestant Protective Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_Ontario" title="Reform Party of Ontario">Reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Reform_Party_of_Ontario" title="New Reform Party of Ontario">New Reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Credit_Party_of_Ontario" title="Social Credit Party of Ontario">Social Credit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trillium_Party_of_Ontario" title="Trillium Party of Ontario">Trillium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Quebec</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_d%C3%A9mocratique_du_Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Action démocratique du Québec">Action démocratique du Québec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Quebec_(historical)" title="Conservative Party of Quebec (historical)">Conservatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parti_Unit%C3%A9_Nationale" title="Parti Unité Nationale">Unité nationale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Quebec" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Quebec">Progressive Conservative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralliement_cr%C3%A9ditiste_du_Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Ralliement créditiste du Québec">Ralliement créditiste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Nationale_(Quebec)" title="Union Nationale (Quebec)">Union nationale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yukon</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Alliance_Party" title="Independent Alliance Party">Independent Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukon_Progressive_Conservative_Party" title="Yukon Progressive Conservative Party">Progressive Conservative</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_Clique" class="mw-redirect" title="Château Clique">Château Clique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Compact" title="Family Compact">Family Compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parti_bleu" title="Parti bleu">Parti bleu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Canada_Tories" title="Upper Canada Tories">Upper Canada Tories</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Municipal" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipal</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">British Columbia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ABC_Vancouver" title="ABC Vancouver">ABC Vancouver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_West_Progressives" title="New West Progressives">New West Progressives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Partisan_Association" title="Non-Partisan Association">Non-Partisan Association</a> (Vancouver)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_Vancouver" title="Progress Vancouver">Progress Vancouver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrey_First" title="Surrey First">Surrey First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vancouver_1st" title="Vancouver 1st">Vancouver 1st</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/15px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/22px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, 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class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Canadian_federal_political_parties" title="Template:Canadian federal political parties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Canadian_federal_political_parties" title="Template talk:Canadian federal political parties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Canadian_federal_political_parties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Canadian federal political parties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Federal_political_parties_and_parliamentary_groups_in_Canada" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_political_parties_in_Canada" title="List of federal political parties in Canada">Federal political parties and parliamentary groups in Canada</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">House of Commons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> (153)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative</a> (119)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloc_Qu%C3%A9b%C3%A9cois" title="Bloc Québécois">Bloc Québécois</a> (33)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Democratic_Party" title="New Democratic Party">New Democratic</a> (25)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_Canada" title="Green Party of Canada">Green</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> (4)</li> <li>Vacant (2)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Canada" title="Senate of Canada">Senate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Senators_Group" title="Independent Senators Group">Independent Senators Group</a> (41)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Senators_Group" title="Canadian Senators Group">Canadian Senators Group</a> (18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Non-affiliated</a> (15)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Senate_Group" title="Progressive Senate Group">Progressive Senate Group</a> (14)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada#Senate_Caucus" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative</a> (12)</li> <li>Vacant (5)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other registered</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Protection_Party_of_Canada" title="Animal Protection Party of Canada">Animal Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centrist_Party_of_Canada" title="Centrist Party of Canada">Centrist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Heritage_Party_of_Canada" title="Christian Heritage Party of Canada">Christian Heritage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Canada" title="Communist Party of Canada">Communist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Party_Canada" title="Free Party Canada">Free</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Future_Party" title="Canadian Future Party">Future</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_of_Canada" title="Libertarian Party of Canada">Libertarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marijuana_Party_(Canada)" title="Marijuana Party (Canada)">Marijuana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Canada_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Canada (Marxist–Leninist)">Marxist–Leninist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maverick_Party" title="Maverick Party">Maverick</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">People's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhinoceros_Party" title="Rhinoceros Party">Rhinoceros</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable historical parties and groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Confederation_Party" title="Anti-Confederation Party">Anti-Confederate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloc_populaire" title="Bloc populaire">Bloc populaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Alliance" title="Canadian Alliance">Canadian Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada_(1867%E2%80%931942)" title="Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942)">Conservative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Co-operative_Commonwealth_Federation" title="Co-operative Commonwealth Federation">Co-operative Commonwealth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Representative_Caucus" title="Democratic Representative Caucus">Democratic Representative Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginger_Group" title="Ginger Group">Ginger Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_candidates_and_parties_in_Canada" title="Labour candidates and parties in Canada">Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor-Progressive_Party" title="Labor-Progressive Party">Labor-Progressive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Democracy_(Canada)" title="New Democracy (Canada)">New Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada">Progressive Conservative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Party of Canada">Progressive/United Farmers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%A9bec_debout" title="Québec debout">Québec debout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralliement_cr%C3%A9ditiste" title="Ralliement créditiste">Ralliement créditiste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_Party_of_Canada" title="Reconstruction Party of Canada">Reconstruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_Canada" title="Reform Party of Canada">Reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Liberal_Caucus" title="Senate Liberal Caucus">Senate Liberal Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Credit_Party_of_Canada" title="Social Credit Party of Canada">Social Credit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strength_in_Democracy" title="Strength in Democracy">Strength in Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionist_Party_(Canada)" title="Unionist Party (Canada)">Unionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unity_(Canada)" title="Unity (Canada)">Unity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Italics indicate a <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_group" title="Parliamentary group">parliamentary group</a> that acts as a party in the legislature, but does not contest elections <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Canada" title="Portal:Canada">Portal:Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ruling_political_parties_by_country" title="List of ruling political parties by country">List of political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Canada" title="Politics of Canada">Politics of Canada</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 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