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water.</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: thermal water."> <meta name="keywords" content="thermal water."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="thermal water."> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3490</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: thermal water.</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3490</span> Technology Identification, Evaluation and Selection Methodology for Industrial Process Water and Waste Water Treatment Plant of 3x150 MWe Tufanbeyli Lignite-Fired Power Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cigdem%20Safak%20Saglam">Cigdem Safak Saglam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Most thermal power plants use steam as working fluid in their power cycle. Therefore, in addition to fuel, water is the other main input for thermal plants. Water and steam must be highly pure in order to protect the systems from corrosion, scaling and biofouling. Pure process water is produced in water treatment plants having many several treatment methods. Treatment plant design is selected depending on raw water source and required water quality. Although working principle of fossil-fuel fired thermal power plants are same, there is no standard design and equipment arrangement valid for all thermal power plant utility systems. Besides that, there are many other technology evaluation and selection criteria for designing the most optimal water systems meeting the requirements such as local conditions, environmental restrictions, electricity and other consumables availability and transport, process water sources and scarcity, land use constraints etc. Aim of this study is explaining the adopted methodology for technology selection for process water preparation and industrial waste water treatment plant in a thermal power plant project located in Tufanbeyli, Adana Province in Turkey. Thermal power plant is fired with indigenous lignite coal extracted from adjacent lignite reserves. This paper addresses all above-mentioned factors affecting the thermal power plant water treatment facilities (demineralization + waste water treatment) design and describes the ultimate design of Tufanbeyli Thermal Power Plant Water Treatment Plant.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thermal%20power%20plant" title="Thermal power plant">Thermal power plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=lignite%20coal" title=" lignite coal"> lignite coal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pre-treatment" title=" pre-treatment"> pre-treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=demineralization" title=" demineralization"> demineralization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=electrodialysis" title=" electrodialysis"> electrodialysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=recycling" title=" recycling"> recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=waste%20water" title=" waste water"> waste water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=process%20water." title=" process water."> process water.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004402/technology-identification-evaluation-and-selection-methodology-for-industrial-process-water-and-waste-water-treatment-plant-of-3x150-mwe-tufanbeyli-lignite-fired-power-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004402/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004402/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004402/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004402/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004402/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004402/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004402/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004402/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004402/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004402/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004402.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1712</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3489</span> Determination of Thermophysical Properties of Water Based Magnetic Nanofluids</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ey%C3%BCphan%20Manay">Ey眉phan Manay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bayram%20Sahin"> Bayram Sahin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Emre%20Mandev"> Emre Mandev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ibrahim%20Ates"> Ibrahim Ates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tuba%20Yetim"> Tuba Yetim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, it was aimed to determine the thermophysical properties of two different magnetic nanofluids (NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-water and CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-water). Magnetic nanoparticles were dispersed into the pure water at different volume fractions from 0 vol.% to 4 vol.%. The measurements were performed in the temperature range of 15 <sup>o</sup>C-55 <sup>o</sup>C. In order to get better idea on the temperature dependent thermophysical properties of magnetic nanofluids (MNFs), viscosity and thermal conductivity measurements were made. SEM images of both NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4 </sub>nanoparticles were used in order to confirm the average dimensions. The measurements showed that the thermal conductivity of MNFs increased with an increase in the volume fraction as well as viscosity. Increase in the temperature of both MNFs resulted in an increase in the thermal conductivity and a decrease in the viscosity. Based on the measured data, the correlations for both the viscosity and the thermal conductivity were presented with respect to solid volume ratio and temperature. Effective thermal conductivity of the prepared MNFs was also calculated. The results indicated that water based NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4 </sub>nanofluid had higher thermal conductivity than that of the CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. Once the viscosity values of both MNFs were compared, almost no difference was observed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Magnetic%20nanofluids" title="Magnetic nanofluids">Magnetic nanofluids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermal%20conductivity" title=" thermal conductivity"> thermal conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Viscosity" title=" Viscosity"> Viscosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=NiFe2O4-water" title=" NiFe2O4-water"> NiFe2O4-water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CoFe2O4-water." title=" CoFe2O4-water."> CoFe2O4-water.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005211/determination-of-thermophysical-properties-of-water-based-magnetic-nanofluids" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005211/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005211/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005211/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005211/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005211/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005211/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005211/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005211/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005211/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005211/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005211.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1842</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3488</span> An Improved Model for Prediction of the Effective Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Abbaspoursani">K. Abbaspoursani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Allahyari"> M. Allahyari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Rahmani"> M. Rahmani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermal conductivity is an important characteristic of a nanofluid in laminar flow heat transfer. This paper presents an improved model for the prediction of the effective thermal conductivity of nanofluids based on dimensionless groups. The model expresses the thermal conductivity of a nanofluid as a function of the thermal conductivity of the solid and liquid, their volume fractions and particle size. The proposed model includes a parameter which accounts for the interfacial shell, brownian motion, and aggregation of particle. The validation of the model is verified by applying the results obtained by the experiments of Tio2-water and Al2o3-water nanofluids. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Critical%20particle%20size" title="Critical particle size">Critical particle size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nanofluid" title=" nanofluid"> nanofluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=model" title=" model"> model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=and%20thermal%0Aconductivity." title=" and thermal conductivity."> and thermal conductivity.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13123/an-improved-model-for-prediction-of-the-effective-thermal-conductivity-of-nanofluids" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13123/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13123/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13123/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13123/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13123/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13123/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13123/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13123/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13123/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13123/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13123.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2049</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3487</span> Lattice Monte Carlo Analyses of Thermal Diffusion in Laminar Flow</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thomas%20Fiedler">Thomas Fiedler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Irina%20V.%20Belova"> Irina V. Belova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Graeme%20E.%20Murch"> Graeme E. Murch</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lattice Monte Carlo methods are an excellent choice for the simulation of non-linear thermal diffusion problems. In this paper, and for the first time, Lattice Monte Carlo analysis is performed on thermal diffusion combined with convective heat transfer. Laminar flow of water modeled as an incompressible fluid inside a copper pipe with a constant surface temperature is considered. For the simulation of thermal conduction, the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity of the water is accounted for. Using the novel Lattice Monte Carlo approach, temperature distributions and energy fluxes are obtained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Coupled%20Analysis" title="Coupled Analysis">Coupled Analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Laminar%20Flow" title=" Laminar Flow"> Laminar Flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lattice%20MonteCarlo" title=" Lattice MonteCarlo"> Lattice MonteCarlo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thermal%20Diffusion" title=" Thermal Diffusion"> Thermal Diffusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/lattice-monte-carlo-analyses-of-thermal-diffusion-in-laminar-flow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1993</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3486</span> Performance of Partially Covered N Number of Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) - Compound Parabolic Concentrator (CPC) Series Connected Water Heating System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rohit%20Tripathi">Rohit Tripathi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sumit%20Tiwari"> Sumit Tiwari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20N.%20Tiwari"> G. N. Tiwari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In present study, an approach is adopted where photovoltaic thermal flat plate collector is integrated with compound parabolic concentrator. Analytical expression of temperature dependent electrical efficiency of N number of partially covered Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) - Compound Parabolic Concentrator (CPC) water collector connected in series has been derived with the help of basic thermal energy balance equations. Analysis has been carried for winter weather condition at Delhi location, India. Energy and exergy performance of N - partially covered Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) - Compound Parabolic Concentrator (CPC) Water collector system has been compared for two cases: (i) 25% area of water collector covered by PV module, (ii) 75% area of water collector covered by PV module. It is observed that case (i) has been best suited for thermal performance and case (ii) for electrical energy as well as overall exergy.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Compound%20parabolic%20concentrator" title="Compound parabolic concentrator">Compound parabolic concentrator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Energy" title=" Energy"> Energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Photovoltaic%20thermal" title=" Photovoltaic thermal"> Photovoltaic thermal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Temperature%20dependent%20electrical%20efficiency." title=" Temperature dependent electrical efficiency."> Temperature dependent electrical efficiency.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003707/performance-of-partially-covered-n-number-of-photovoltaic-thermal-pvt-compound-parabolic-concentrator-cpc-series-connected-water-heating-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003707/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003707/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003707/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003707/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003707/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003707/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003707/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003707/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003707/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003707/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003707.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1620</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3485</span> Thermal Performance Rating of Solar Water Heating Systems in ASEAN</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20Halawa">E. Halawa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Solar water heating (SWH) systems are gaining popularity in ASEAN in the midst of increasing number of affluent population in society and environmental concerns from seemingly unchanged reliance on fossil-based fuels. The penetration of these systems and technologies into ASEAN markets is a welcome development; however there is a need for the method of assessment of their thermal performances. This paper discusses the reasons for this need and a suitable method for thermal performance evaluation of SWH systems in ASEAN. The paper also calls on research to be focused on the establishment of reliable data to be entered into the performance rating software. The establishment of accredited solar systems testing facilities can help boost the competitiveness of ASEAN solar industry.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ASEAN" title="ASEAN">ASEAN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=solar%20industry" title=" solar industry"> solar industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=solar%20water%20heating%20systems" title=" solar water heating systems"> solar water heating systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermal%20performance%20rating." title=" thermal performance rating."> thermal performance rating.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2929/thermal-performance-rating-of-solar-water-heating-systems-in-asean" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2929/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2929/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2929/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2929/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2929/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2929/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2929/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2929/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2929/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2929/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2929.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1995</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3484</span> Thermal Conductivity of Al2O3/Water-Based Nanofluids: Revisiting the Influences of pH and Surfactant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nizar%20Bouguerra">Nizar Bouguerra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ahmed%20Khabou"> Ahmed Khabou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S%C3%A9bastien%20Poncet"> S茅bastien Poncet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sa%C3%AFd%20Elkoun"> Sa茂d Elkoun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The present work focuses on the preparation and the stabilization of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-water based nanofluids. Though they have been widely considered in the past, to the best of our knowledge, there is no clear consensus about a proper way to prepare and stabilize them by the appropriate surfactant. In this paper, a careful experimental investigation is performed to quantify the combined influence of pH and the surfactant on the stability of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-water based nanofluids. Two volume concentrations of nanoparticles and three nanoparticle sizes have been considered. The good preparation and stability of these nanofluids are evaluated through thermal conductivity measurements. The results show that the optimum value for the thermal conductivity is obtained mainly by controlling the pH of the mixture and surfactants are not necessary to stabilize the solution.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nanofluid" title="Nanofluid">Nanofluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermal%20conductivity" title=" thermal conductivity"> thermal conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pH" title=" pH"> pH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=transient%20hot%20wire" title=" transient hot wire"> transient hot wire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=surfactant" title=" surfactant"> surfactant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Al2O3" title=" Al2O3"> Al2O3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dispersion" title=" dispersion"> dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=preparation." title=" preparation."> preparation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006067/thermal-conductivity-of-al2o3water-based-nanofluids-revisiting-the-influences-of-ph-and-surfactant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006067/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006067/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006067/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006067/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006067/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006067/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006067/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006067/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006067/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006067/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006067.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1760</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3483</span> Failure Analysis of Methanol Evaporator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20Sufi%20Ahmadi">D. Sufi Ahmadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20Bagheri"> B. Bagheri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermal water hammer is a special type of water hammer which rarely occurs in heat exchangers. In biphasic fluids, if steam bubbles are surrounded by condensate, regarding lower condensate temperature than steam, they will suddenly collapse. As a result, the vacuum caused by an extreme change in volume lead to movement of the condensates in all directions and their collision the force produced by this collision leads to a severe stress in the pipe wall. This phenomenon is a special type of water hammer. According to fluid mechanics, this phenomenon is a particular type of transient flows during which abrupt change of fluid leads to sudden pressure change inside the tube. In this paper, the mechanism of abrupt failure of 80 tubes of 481 tubes of a methanol heat exchanger is discussed. Initially, due to excessive temperature differences between heat transfer fluids and simultaneous failure of 80 tubes, thermal shock was presupposed as the reason of failure. Deeper investigation on cross-section of failed tubes showed that failure was, ductile type of failure, so the first hypothesis was rejected. Further analysis and more accurate experiments revealed that failure of tubes caused by thermal water hammer. Finally, the causes of thermal water hammer and various solutions to avoid such mechanism are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thermal%20water%20hammer" title="Thermal water hammer">Thermal water hammer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Brittle%20Failure" title=" Brittle Failure"> Brittle Failure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Condensate%0Athermal%20shock" title=" Condensate thermal shock"> Condensate thermal shock</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1488/failure-analysis-of-methanol-evaporator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1488/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1488/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1488/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1488/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1488/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1488/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1488/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1488/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1488/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1488/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1488.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2685</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3482</span> Water Vapor Plasma Torch: Design, Characteristics and Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Tamo%C5%A1i%C5%ABnas">A. Tamo拧i奴nas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Valatkevi%C4%8Dius"> P. Valatkevi膷ius</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.%20Grigaitiene"> V. Grigaitiene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.%20Valin%C4%8Dius"> V. Valin膷ius</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The atmospheric pressure plasma torch with a direct current arc discharge stabilized by water vapor vortex was experimentally investigated. Overheated up to 450K water vapor was used as plasma forming gas. Plasma torch design is one of the most important factors leading to a stable operation of the device. The electrical and thermal characteristics of the plasma torch were determined during the experimental investigations. The design and the basic characteristics of the water vapor plasma torch are presented in the paper. Plasma torches with the electric arc stabilized by water vapor vortex provide special performance characteristics in some plasma processing applications such as thermal plasma neutralization and destruction of organic wastes enabling to extract high caloric value synthesis gas as by-product of the process. Syngas could be used as a surrogate fuel partly replacing the dependence on the fossil fuels or used as a feedstock for hydrogen, methanol production. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Arc%20discharge" title="Arc discharge">Arc discharge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=atmospheric%20pressure%20thermal%20plasma" title=" atmospheric pressure thermal plasma"> atmospheric pressure thermal plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=plasma%20torch" title=" plasma torch"> plasma torch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=water%20vapor." title=" water vapor."> water vapor.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4712/water-vapor-plasma-torch-design-characteristics-and-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4712/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4712/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4712/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4712/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4712/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4712/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4712/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4712/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4712/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4712/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4712.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4481</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3481</span> Performance Analysis of Heat Pipe Using Copper Nanofluid with Aqueous Solution of n-Butanol</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Senthilkumar%20R">Senthilkumar R</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vaidyanathan%20S"> Vaidyanathan S</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sivaraman%20B"> Sivaraman B</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study presents the improvement of thermal performance of heat pipe using copper nanofluid with aqueous solution of n-Butanol. The nanofluids kept in the suspension of conventional fluids have the potential of superior heat transfer capability than the conventional fluids due to their improved thermal conductivity. In this work, the copper nanofluid which has a 40 nm size with a concentration of 100 mg/lit is kept in the suspension of the de-ionized (DI) water and an aqueous solution of n-Butanol and these fluids are used as a working medium in the heat pipe. The study discusses about the effect of heat pipe inclination, type of working fluid and heat input on the thermal efficiency and thermal resistance. The experimental results are evaluated in terms of its performance metrics and are compared with that of DI water. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=copper%20nanofluid%20with%20aqueous%20solution%20of%20n-Butanol" title="copper nanofluid with aqueous solution of n-Butanol">copper nanofluid with aqueous solution of n-Butanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=heat%20pipe" title=" heat pipe"> heat pipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermal%20efficiency" title=" thermal efficiency"> thermal efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermal%20resistance" title=" thermal resistance"> thermal resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9844/performance-analysis-of-heat-pipe-using-copper-nanofluid-with-aqueous-solution-of-n-butanol" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9844/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9844/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9844/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9844/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9844/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9844/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9844/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9844/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9844/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9844/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9844.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3480</span> Biodegradable Cellulose-Based Materials for the Use in Food Packaging</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Azza%20A.%20Al-Ghamdi">Azza A. Al-Ghamdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abir%20S.%20Abdel-Naby"> Abir S. Abdel-Naby</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Cellulose acetate (CA) is a natural biodegradable polymer. It forms transparent films by the casting technique. CA suffers from high degree of water permeability as well as the low thermal stability at high temperatures. To adjust the CA polymeric films to the manufacture of food packaging, its thermal and mechanical properties should be improved. The modification of CA by grafting it with N-Amino phenyl maleimide (N-APhM) led to the construction of hydrophobic branches throughout the polymeric matrix which reduced its wettability as compared to the parent CA. The branches built onto the polymeric chains had been characterized by UV/Vis, <sup>13</sup>C-NMR and ESEM. The improvement of the thermal properties was investigated and compared to the parent CA using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analysis (DTA), contact angle and mechanical testing measurements. The results revealed that the water-uptake was reduced by increasing the graft percentage. The thermal and mechanical properties were also improved.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cellulose%20acetate" title="Cellulose acetate">Cellulose acetate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=food%20packaging" title=" food packaging"> food packaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=graft%20copolymerization." title=" graft copolymerization. "> graft copolymerization. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008871/biodegradable-cellulose-based-materials-for-the-use-in-food-packaging" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008871/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008871/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008871/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008871/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008871/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008871/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008871/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008871/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008871/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008871/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008871.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1594</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3479</span> Lime-Pozzolan Plasters with Enhanced Thermal Capacity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Z.%20Pavl%C3%ADk">Z. Pavl铆k</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Trn%C3%ADk"> A. Trn铆k</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Pavl%C3%ADkov%C3%A1"> M. Pavl铆kov谩</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Keppert"> M. Keppert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20%C4%8Cern%C3%BD"> R. 膶ern媒</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>A new type of lightweight plaster with the thermal capacity enhanced by PCM (Phase Change Material) addition is analyzed. The basic physical characteristics, namely the bulk density, matrix density, total open porosity, and pore size distribution are measured at first. For description of mechanical properties, compressive strength measurements are done. The thermal properties are characterized by transient impulse techniques as well as by DSC analysis that enables determination of the specific heat capacity as a function of temperature. The resistivity against the liquid water ingress is described by water absorption coefficient measurement. The experimental results indicate a good capability of the designed plaster to moderate effectively the interior climate of buildings.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lime-pozzolan%20plaster" title="Lime-pozzolan plaster">Lime-pozzolan plaster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PCM%20addition" title=" PCM addition"> PCM addition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=enhanced%20thermal%20capacity" title=" enhanced thermal capacity"> enhanced thermal capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=DSC%20analysis." title=" DSC analysis. "> DSC analysis. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17270/lime-pozzolan-plasters-with-enhanced-thermal-capacity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17270/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17270/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17270/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17270/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17270/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17270/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17270/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17270/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17270/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17270/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17270.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2437</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3478</span> Study of Fly Ash Geopolymer Based Composites with Polyester Waste Addition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Konstantinos%20Sotiriadis">Konstantinos Sotiriadis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Olesia%20Mikhailova"> Olesia Mikhailova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In the present work, fly ash geopolymer based composites including polyester (PES) waste were studied. Specimens of three compositions were prepared: (a) fly ash geopolymer with 5% PES waste; (b) fly ash geopolymer mortar with 5% PES waste; (c) fly ash geopolymer mortar with 6.25% PES waste. Compressive and bending strength measurements, water absorption test and determination of thermal conductivity coefficient were performed. The results showed that the addition of sand in a mixture of geopolymer with 5% PES content led to higher compressive strength, while it increased water absorption and reduced thermal conductivity coefficient. The increase of PES addition in geopolymer mortars resulted in a more dense structure, indicated by the increase of strength and thermal conductivity and the decrease of water absorption.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fly%20ash" title="Fly ash">Fly ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=geopolymers" title=" geopolymers"> geopolymers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=polyester%20waste" title=" polyester waste"> polyester waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=composites." title=" composites."> composites.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000992/study-of-fly-ash-geopolymer-based-composites-with-polyester-waste-addition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000992/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000992/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000992/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000992/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000992/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000992/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000992/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000992/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000992/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000992/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000992.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2497</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3477</span> Mathematical Modeling of the Influence of Hydrothermal Processes in the Water Reservoir</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Alibek%20Issakhov">Alibek Issakhov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper presents the mathematical model of hydrothermal processes in thermal power plant with different wind direction scenarios in the water reservoir, which is solved by the Navier - Stokes and temperature equations for an incompressible fluid in a stratified medium. Numerical algorithm based on the method of splitting by physical parameters. Three dimensional Poisson equation is solved with Fourier method by combination of tridiagonal matrix method (Thomas algorithm). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermal%20power%20plant" title="thermal power plant">thermal power plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=hydrothermal%20process" title=" hydrothermal process"> hydrothermal process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=large%0Aeddy%20simulation" title=" large eddy simulation"> large eddy simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=water%20reservoir" title=" water reservoir"> water reservoir</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13627/mathematical-modeling-of-the-influence-of-hydrothermal-processes-in-the-water-reservoir" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13627/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13627/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13627/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13627/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13627/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13627/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13627/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13627/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13627/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13627/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13627.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1644</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3476</span> Quantifying the UK鈥檚 Future Thermal Electricity Generation Water Use: Regional Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Daniel%20Murrant">Daniel Murrant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Andrew%20Quinn"> Andrew Quinn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lee%20Chapman"> Lee Chapman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>A growing population has led to increasing global water and energy demand. This demand, combined with the effects of climate change and an increasing need to maintain and protect the natural environment, represents a potentially severe threat to many national infrastructure systems. This has resulted in a considerable quantity of published material on the interdependencies that exist between the supply of water and the thermal generation of electricity, often known as the water-energy nexus. Focusing specifically on the UK, there is a growing concern that the future availability of water may at times constrain thermal electricity generation, and therefore hinder the UK in meeting its increasing demand for a secure, and affordable supply of low carbon electricity. To provide further information on the threat the water-energy nexus may pose to the UK’s energy system, this paper models the regional water demand of UK thermal electricity generation in 2030 and 2050. It uses the strategically important Energy Systems Modelling Environment model developed by the Energy Technologies Institute. Unlike previous research, this paper was able to use abstraction and consumption factors specific to UK power stations. It finds that by 2050 the South East, Yorkshire and Humber, the West Midlands and North West regions are those with the greatest freshwater demand and therefore most likely to suffer from a lack of resource. However, it finds that by 2050 it is the East, South West and East Midlands regions with the greatest total water (fresh, estuarine and seawater) demand and the most likely to be constrained by environmental standards.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Water-energy%20nexus" title="Water-energy nexus">Water-energy nexus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=water%20resources" title=" water resources"> water resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=abstraction" title=" abstraction"> abstraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=power%20station%20cooling." title=" power station cooling."> power station cooling.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003910/quantifying-the-uks-future-thermal-electricity-generation-water-use-regional-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003910/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003910/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003910/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003910/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003910/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003910/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003910/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003910/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003910/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003910/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003910.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1549</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3475</span> Increase in Solar Thermal Energy Storage by using a Hybrid Energy Storage System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hassan%20Zohoor">Hassan Zohoor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zaeem%20M.%20Moosavi"> Zaeem M. Moosavi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The intermittent nature of solar energy and the energy requirements of buildings necessitate the storage of thermal energy. In this paper a hybrid system of storing solar energy has been analyzed. Adding a LHS medium to a commercial solar water heater, the required energy for heating a small room was obtained in addition to preparing hot water. In other words, the suggested hybrid storage system consists of two tanks: a water tank as a SHS medium; and a paraffin tank as a LHS medium. A computing program was used to find the optimized time schedule of charging the storage tanks during each day, according to the solar radiation conditions. The results show that the use of such system can improve the capability of energy gathering comparing to the individual water storage tank during the cold months of the year. Of course, because of the solar radiation angles and shorten daylight in December & January, the performance will be the same as the simple solar water heaters (in the northern hemisphere). But the extra energy stored in November, February, March & April, can be useful for heating a small room for 3 hours during the cold days. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hybrid" title="Hybrid">Hybrid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Optimization" title=" Optimization"> Optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Solar%20thermal%20energy" title=" Solar thermal energy"> Solar thermal energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Storage." title=" Storage."> Storage.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2796/increase-in-solar-thermal-energy-storage-by-using-a-hybrid-energy-storage-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2796/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2796/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2796/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2796/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2796/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2796/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2796/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2796/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2796/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2796/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2796.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1782</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3474</span> Numerical Simulation of the Effects of Nanofluid on a Heat Pipe Thermal Performance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Barzin%20Gavtash">Barzin Gavtash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Khalid%20Hussain"> Khalid Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohammad%20Layeghi"> Mohammad Layeghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Saeed%20Sadeghi%20Lafmejani"> Saeed Sadeghi Lafmejani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This research aims at modeling and simulating the effects of nanofluids on cylindrical heat pipes thermal performance using the ANSYS-FLUENT CFD commercial software. The heat pipe outer wall temperature distribution, thermal resistance, liquid pressure and axial velocity in presence of suspended nano-scaled solid particle (i.e. Cu, Al2O3 and TiO2) within the fluid (water) were investigated. The effect of particle concentration and size were explored and it is concluded that the thermal performance of the heat pipe is improved when using nanofluid as the system working fluid. Additionally, it was observed that the thermal resistance of the heat pipe drops as the particle concentration level increases and particle radius decreases.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CFD" title="CFD">CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Heat%20Pipe" title=" Heat Pipe"> Heat Pipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nanofluid" title=" Nanofluid"> Nanofluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thermal%20resistance" title=" Thermal resistance"> Thermal resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5086/numerical-simulation-of-the-effects-of-nanofluid-on-a-heat-pipe-thermal-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5086/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5086/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5086/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5086/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5086/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5086/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5086/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5086/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5086/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5086/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5086.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">44855</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3473</span> Temperature Control of Industrial Water Cooler using Hot-gas Bypass</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jung-in%20Yoon">Jung-in Yoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Seung-taek%20Oh"> Seung-taek Oh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Seung-moon%20Baek"> Seung-moon Baek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jun-hyuk%20Choi"> Jun-hyuk Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jong-yeong%20Byun"> Jong-yeong Byun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Seok-kwon%20Jeong"> Seok-kwon Jeong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Choon-guen%20Moon"> Choon-guen Moon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we experiment on precise control outlet temperature of water from the water cooler with hot-gas bypass method based on PI control logic for machine tool. Recently, technical trend for machine tools is focused on enhancement of speed and accuracy. High speedy processing causes thermal and structural deformation of objects from the machine tools. Water cooler has to be applied to machine tools to reduce the thermal negative influence with accurate temperature controlling system. The goal of this study is to minimize temperature error in steady state. In addition, control period of an electronic expansion valve were considered to increment of lifetime of the machine tools and quality of product with a water cooler. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hot-gas%20bypass" title="Hot-gas bypass">Hot-gas bypass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Water%20cooler" title=" Water cooler"> Water cooler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PI%20control" title=" PI control"> PI control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Electronic%20Expansion%20Valve" title=" Electronic Expansion Valve"> Electronic Expansion Valve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gain%20tuning" title=" Gain tuning"> Gain tuning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/309/temperature-control-of-industrial-water-cooler-using-hot-gas-bypass" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/309/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/309/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/309/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/309/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/309/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/309/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/309/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/309/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/309/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/309/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/309.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3472</span> Control Strategy of Solar Thermal Cooling System under the Indonesia Climate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Budihardjo%20Sarwo%20Sastrosudiro">Budihardjo Sarwo Sastrosudiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Arnas%20Lubis"> Arnas Lubis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Muhammad%20Idrus%20Alhamid"> Muhammad Idrus Alhamid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nasruddin%20Jusuf"> Nasruddin Jusuf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Solar thermal cooling system was installed on Mechanical Research Center (MRC) Building that is located in Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia. It is the first cooling system in Indonesia that utilizes solar energy as energy input combined with natural gas; therefore, the control system must be appropriated with the climates. In order to stabilize the cooling capacity and also to maximize the use of solar energy, the system applies some controllers. Constant flow rate and on/off controller are applied for the hot water, chilled water and cooling water pumps. The hot water circulated by pump when the solar radiation is over than 400W/m<sup>2</sup>, and the chilled water is continually circulated by pump and its temperature is kept constant 7 °C by absorption chiller. The cooling water is also continually circulated until the outlet temperature of cooling tower below than 27 <sup>o</sup>C. Furthermore, the three-way valve is used to control the hot water for generate vapor on absorption chiller. The system performance using that control system is shown in this study results.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Absorption%20chiller" title="Absorption chiller">Absorption chiller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=control%20system" title=" control system"> control system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=solar%20cooling" title=" solar cooling"> solar cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=solar%20energy." title=" solar energy."> solar energy.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004240/control-strategy-of-solar-thermal-cooling-system-under-the-indonesia-climate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004240/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004240/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004240/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004240/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004240/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004240/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004240/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004240/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004240/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004240/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004240.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1479</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3471</span> Distribution and Characterization of Thermal Springs in Northern Oman</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fahad%20Al%20Shidi">Fahad Al Shidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Reginald%20Victor"> Reginald Victor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This study was conducted in Northern Oman to assess the physical and chemical characteristics of 40 thermal springs distributed in Al Hajar Mountains in northern Oman. Physical measurements of water samples were carried out in two main seasons in Oman (winter and summer 2019). Studied springs were classified into three groups based on water temperature, four groups based on water pH values and two groups based on conductivity. Ten thermal alkaline springs that originated in Ophiolite (Samail Napp) were dominated by high pH (> 11), elevated concentration of Cl- and Na+ ions, relatively low temperature and discharge ratio. Other springs in the Hajar Super Group massif recorded high concentrations of Ca<sup>2</sup>+ and SO<sup>2-</sup><sub>4</sub> ions controlled by rock dominance, geochemistry processes, and mineralization. There was only one spring which has brackish water with very high conductivity (5500 µs/cm) and Total Dissolved Solids and it is not suitable for irrigation purposes because of the high abundance of Na+, Cl−, and Ca<sup>2</sup>+ ions.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Alkaline%20springs" title="Alkaline springs">Alkaline springs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=geothermal" title=" geothermal"> geothermal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hajar%20Super%20Group" title=" Hajar Super Group"> Hajar Super Group</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Northern%20Oman" title=" Northern Oman"> Northern Oman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ophiolite." title=" ophiolite."> ophiolite.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011870/distribution-and-characterization-of-thermal-springs-in-northern-oman" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011870/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011870/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011870/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011870/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011870/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011870/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011870/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011870/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011870/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011870/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011870.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">604</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3470</span> Numerical Analysis of Oil-Water Transport in Horizontal Pipes Using 1D Transient Mathematical Model of Thermal Two-Phase Flows</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Evgeniy%20Burlutskiy">Evgeniy Burlutskiy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper presents a one-dimensional transient mathematical model of thermal oil-water two-phase emulsion flows in pipes. The set of the mass, momentum and enthalpy conservation equations for the continuous fluid and droplet phases are solved. Two friction correlations for the continuous fluid phase to wall friction are accounted for in the model and tested. The aerodynamic drag force between the continuous fluid phase and droplets is modeled, too. The density and viscosity of both phases are assumed to be constant due to adiabatic experimental conditions. The proposed mathematical model is validated on the experimental measurements of oil-water emulsion flows in horizontal pipe [1,2]. Numerical analysis on single- and two-phase oil-water flows in a pipe is presented in the paper. The continuous oil flow having water droplets is simulated. Predictions, which are performed by using the presented model, show excellent agreement with the experimental data if the water fraction is equal or less than 10%. Disagreement between simulations and measurements is increased if the water fraction is larger than 10%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mathematical%20model" title="Mathematical model">Mathematical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Oil-Water" title=" Oil-Water"> Oil-Water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pipe%20flows." title=" Pipe flows."> Pipe flows.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4585/numerical-analysis-of-oil-water-transport-in-horizontal-pipes-using-1d-transient-mathematical-model-of-thermal-two-phase-flows" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4585/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4585/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4585/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4585/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4585/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4585/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4585/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4585/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4585/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4585/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4585.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3469</span> Nonlinear Thermal Expansion Model for SiC/Al</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.R.%20Sahroni">T.R. Sahroni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Sulaiman"> S. Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20Romli"> I. Romli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.R.%20Salleh"> M.R. Salleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.A.%20Ariff"> H.A. Ariff</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The thermal expansion behaviour of silicon carbide (SCS-2) fibre reinforced 6061 aluminium matrix composite subjected to the influenced thermal mechanical cycling (TMC) process were investigated. The thermal stress has important effect on the longitudinal thermal expansion coefficient of the composites. The present paper used experimental data of the thermal expansion behaviour of a SiC/Al composite for temperatures up to 370掳C, in which their data was used for carrying out modelling of theoretical predictions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nonlinear" title="Nonlinear">Nonlinear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermal" title=" thermal"> thermal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fibre%20reinforced" title=" fibre reinforced"> fibre reinforced</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=metal%20matrixcomposites" title=" metal matrixcomposites"> metal matrixcomposites</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/nonlinear-thermal-expansion-model-for-sical" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9526.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2701</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3468</span> Producing New Composite Materials by Using Tragacanth and Waste Ash</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yasar%20Bicer">Yasar Bicer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Serif%20Yilmaz"> Serif Yilmaz </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In present study, two kinds of thermal power plant ashes; one the fly ash and the other waste ash are mixed with adhesive tragacanth and cement to produce new composite materials. 48 new samples are produced by varying the percentages of the fly ash, waste ash, cement and tragacanth. The new samples are subjected to some tests to find out their properties such as thermal conductivity, compressive strength, tensile strength and sucking capability of water. It is found that; the thermal conductivity decreases with increasing amount of tragacanth in the mixture. The compressive, tensile strength increases when the rate of tragacanth is up to 1%, whilst as the amount of tragacanth increases up to 1.5%, the compressive, tensile strength decreases slightly. The rate of water absorption of samples was more than 30%. From this result, it is concluded that these materials can not be used as external plaster or internal plaster material that faces to water. They can be used in internal plaster unless touching water and they can be used as cover plaster under roof and riprap material in sandwich panels. It is also found that, these materials can be cut with saw, drilled with screw and painted with any kind of paint. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fly%20ash" title="Fly ash">Fly ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=tragacanth" title=" tragacanth"> tragacanth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cement" title=" cement"> cement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=composite%20material." title=" composite material."> composite material.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2805/producing-new-composite-materials-by-using-tragacanth-and-waste-ash" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2805/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2805/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2805/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2805/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2805/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2805/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2805/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2805/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2805/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2805/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2805.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1772</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3467</span> Hybrid Quasi-Steady Thermal Lattice Boltzmann Model for Studying the Behavior of Oil in Water Emulsions Used in Machining Tool Cooling and Lubrication</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=W.%20Hasan">W. Hasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20Farhat"> H. Farhat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Alhilo"> A. Alhilo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20Tamimi"> L. Tamimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Oil in water (O/W) emulsions are utilized extensively for cooling and lubricating cutting tools during parts machining. A robust Lattice Boltzmann (LBM) thermal-surfactants model, which provides a useful platform for exploring complex emulsions’ characteristics under variety of flow conditions, is used here for the study of the fluid behavior during conventional tools cooling. The transient thermal capabilities of the model are employed for simulating the effects of the flow conditions of O/W emulsions on the cooling of cutting tools. The model results show that the temperature outcome is slightly affected by reversing the direction of upper plate (workpiece). On the other hand, an important increase in effective viscosity is seen which supports better lubrication during the work.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hybrid%20lattice%20Boltzmann%20method" title="Hybrid lattice Boltzmann method">Hybrid lattice Boltzmann method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gunstensen%20model" title=" Gunstensen model"> Gunstensen model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermal" title=" thermal"> thermal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=surfactant-covered%20droplet" title=" surfactant-covered droplet"> surfactant-covered droplet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Marangoni%20stress." title=" Marangoni stress. "> Marangoni stress. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007543/hybrid-quasi-steady-thermal-lattice-boltzmann-model-for-studying-the-behavior-of-oil-in-water-emulsions-used-in-machining-tool-cooling-and-lubrication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007543/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007543/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007543/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007543/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007543/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007543/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007543/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007543/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007543/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007543/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007543.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">783</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3466</span> Multiparametric Optimization of Water Treatment Process for Thermal Power Plants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20Mukanova">B. Mukanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Glazyrina"> N. Glazyrina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Glazyrin"> S. Glazyrin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The formulated problem of optimization of the technological process of water treatment for thermal power plants is considered in this article. The problem is of multiparametric nature. To optimize the process, namely, reduce the amount of waste water, a new technology was developed to reuse such water. A mathematical model of the technology of wastewater reuse was developed. Optimization parameters were determined. The model consists of a material balance equation, an equation describing the kinetics of ion exchange for the non-equilibrium case and an equation for the ion exchange isotherm. The material balance equation includes a nonlinear term that depends on the kinetics of ion exchange. A direct problem of calculating the impurity concentration at the outlet of the water treatment plant was numerically solved. The direct problem was approximated by an implicit point-to-point computation difference scheme. The inverse problem was formulated as relates to determination of the parameters of the mathematical model of the water treatment plant operating in non-equilibrium conditions. The formulated inverse problem was solved. Following the results of calculation the time of start of the filter regeneration process was determined, as well as the period of regeneration process and the amount of regeneration and wash water. Multi-parameter optimization of water treatment process for thermal power plants allowed decreasing the amount of wastewater by 15%.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Direct%20problem" title="Direct problem">Direct problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=multiparametric%20optimization" title=" multiparametric optimization"> multiparametric optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optimization%20parameters" title=" optimization parameters"> optimization parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=water%20treatment." title=" water treatment."> water treatment.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001067/multiparametric-optimization-of-water-treatment-process-for-thermal-power-plants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001067/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001067/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001067/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001067/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001067/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001067/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001067/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001067/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001067/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001067/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001067.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3465</span> Multivariate Analytical Insights into Spatial and Temporal Variation in Water Quality of a Major Drinking Water Reservoir</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Azadeh%20Golshan">Azadeh Golshan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Craig%20Evans"> Craig Evans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Phillip%20Geary"> Phillip Geary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abigail%20Morrow"> Abigail Morrow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zoe%20Rogers"> Zoe Rogers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Marcel%20Maeder"> Marcel Maeder</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>22 physicochemical variables have been determined in water samples collected weekly from January to December in 2013 from three sampling stations located within a major drinking water reservoir. Classical Multivariate Curve Resolution Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS) analysis was used to investigate the environmental factors associated with the physico-chemical variability of the water samples at each of the sampling stations. Matrix augmentation MCR-ALS (MA-MCR-ALS) was also applied, and the two sets of results were compared for interpretative clarity. Links between these factors, reservoir inflows and catchment land-uses were investigated and interpreted in relation to chemical composition of the water and their resolved geographical distribution profiles. The results suggested that the major factors affecting reservoir water quality were those associated with agricultural runoff, with evidence of influence on algal photosynthesis within the water column. Water quality variability within the reservoir was also found to be strongly linked to physical parameters such as water temperature and the occurrence of thermal stratification. The two methods applied (MCR-ALS and MA-MCR-ALS) led to similar conclusions; however, MA-MCR-ALS appeared to provide results more amenable to interpretation of temporal and geological variation than those obtained through classical MCR-ALS.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Catchment%20management" title="Catchment management">Catchment management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=drinking%20water%20reservoir" title=" drinking water reservoir"> drinking water reservoir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=multivariate%20curve%20resolution%20alternating%20least%20squares" title=" multivariate curve resolution alternating least squares"> multivariate curve resolution alternating least squares</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermal%20stratification" title=" thermal stratification"> thermal stratification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=water%20quality." title=" water quality."> water quality.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008923/multivariate-analytical-insights-into-spatial-and-temporal-variation-in-water-quality-of-a-major-drinking-water-reservoir" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008923/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008923/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008923/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008923/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008923/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008923/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008923/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008923/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008923/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008923/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008923.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">921</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3464</span> Investigation of Enhancement of Heat Transfer in Natural Convection Utilizing of Nanofluids</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Etaig">S. Etaig</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20Hasan"> R. Hasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Perera"> N. Perera</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper analyses the heat transfer performance and fluid flow using different nanofluids in a square enclosure. The energy equation and Navier-Stokes equation are solved numerically using finite volume scheme. The effect of volume fraction concentration on the enhancement of heat transfer has been studied icorporating the Brownian motion; the influence of effective thermal conductivity on the enhancement was also investigated for a range of volume fraction concentration. The velocity profile for different Rayleigh number. Water-Cu, water AL2O3 and water-TiO2 were tested. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Computational%20fluid%20Dynamics" title="Computational fluid Dynamics">Computational fluid Dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Natural%20convection" title=" Natural convection"> Natural convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nanofluid%20and%20Thermal%20conductivity." title=" Nanofluid and Thermal conductivity."> Nanofluid and Thermal conductivity.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001519/investigation-of-enhancement-of-heat-transfer-in-natural-convection-utilizing-of-nanofluids" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001519/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001519/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001519/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001519/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001519/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001519/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001519/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001519/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001519/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001519/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001519.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1839</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3463</span> Thermal Analysis on Heat Transfer Enhancement and Fluid Flow for Al2O3 Water-Ethylene Glycol Nanofluid in Single PEMFC Mini Channel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Irnie%20Zakaria">Irnie Zakaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=W.%20A.%20N.%20W%20Mohamed"> W. A. N. W Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=W.%20H.%20Azmi"> W. H. Azmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermal enhancement of a single mini channel in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) cooling plate is numerically investigated. In this study, low concentration of Al2O3 in Water - Ethylene Glycol mixtures is used as coolant in single channel of carbon graphite plate to mimic the mini channels in PEMFC cooling plate. A steady and incompressible flow with constant heat flux is assumed in the channel of 1mm x 5mm x 100mm. Nano particle of Al2O3 used ranges from 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 vol % concentration and then dispersed in 60:40 (water: Ethylene Glycol) mixture. The effect of different flow rates to fluid flow and heat transfer enhancement in Re number range of 20 to 140 was observed. The result showed that heat transfer coefficient was improved by 18.11%, 9.86% and 5.37% for 0.5, 0.3 and 0.1 vol. % Al2O3 in 60:40 (water: EG) as compared to base fluid of 60:40 (water: EG). It is also showed that the higher vol. % concentration of Al2O3 performed better in term of thermal enhancement but at the expense of higher pumping power required due to increase in pressure drop experienced. Maximum additional pumping power of 0.0012W was required for 0.5 vol % Al2O3 in 60:40 (water: EG) at Re number 140. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Heat%20transfer" title="Heat transfer">Heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=mini%20channel" title=" mini channel"> mini channel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nanofluid" title=" nanofluid"> nanofluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PEMFC." title=" PEMFC."> PEMFC.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002578/thermal-analysis-on-heat-transfer-enhancement-and-fluid-flow-for-al2o3-water-ethylene-glycol-nanofluid-in-single-pemfc-mini-channel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002578/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002578/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002578/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002578/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002578/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002578/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002578/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002578/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002578/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002578/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002578.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3462</span> Short Term Tests on Performance Evaluation of Water-washed and Dry-washed Biodiesel from Used Cooking Oil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shumani%20Ramuhaheli">Shumani Ramuhaheli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Christopher%20C.%20Enweremadu"> Christopher C. Enweremadu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hilary%20L.%20Rutto"> Hilary L. Rutto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this study, biodiesel from used cooking oil was produced as purified by washing with water (water wash) and amberlite (dry wash). The work presents the results of short term tests on performance characteristics of diesel engine using both biodiesel-fuel samples. In this investigation, the water wash biodiesel and dry wash biodiesel and diesel were compared for performance using a four-cylinder diesel engine. The torque, brake power, specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency were analyzed. The tests showed that in all cases, dry wash biodiesel performed marginally poorer compared to water wash biodiesel. Except for brake thermal efficiency, diesel fuel had better engine performance characteristics compared to the biodiesel-fuel samples. According to these results, dry washing of biodiesel has a marginal effect on engine performance.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Biodiesel" title="Biodiesel">Biodiesel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=engine%20performance" title=" engine performance"> engine performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=used%20cooking%20oil" title=" used cooking oil"> used cooking oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=water%20wash" title=" water wash"> water wash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dry%20wash." title=" dry wash."> dry wash.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998351/short-term-tests-on-performance-evaluation-of-water-washed-and-dry-washed-biodiesel-from-used-cooking-oil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998351/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998351/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998351/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998351/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998351/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998351/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998351/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998351/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998351/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998351/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998351.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2091</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3461</span> Performance and Economic Evaluation of a Hybrid Photovoltaic/Thermal Solar System in Northern China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20Sok">E. Sok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20Zhuo"> Y. Zhuo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Wang"> S. Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>A hybrid Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) solar system integrates photovoltaic and solar thermal technologies into one single solar energy device, with dual generation of electricity and heat energy. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the potential for introduction of the PV/T technology into Northern China. For this purpose, outdoor experiments were conducted on a prototype of a PV/T water-heating system. The annual thermal and electrical performances were investigated under the climatic conditions of Beijing. An economic analysis of the system was then carried out, followed by a sensitivity study. The analysis revealed that the hybrid system is not economically attractive with the current market and energy prices. However, considering the continuous commitment of the Chinese government towards policy development in the renewable energy sector, and technological improvements like the increasing cost-effectiveness of PV cells, PV/Thermal technology may become economically viable in the near future.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hybrid%20Photovoltaic%2FThermal%20%28PV%2FT%29" title="Hybrid Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T)">Hybrid Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Solar%20energy" title=" Solar energy"> Solar energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Economic%20analysis" title=" Economic analysis"> Economic analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7371/performance-and-economic-evaluation-of-a-hybrid-photovoltaicthermal-solar-system-in-northern-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7371/apa" 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