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Impactite - Wikipedia

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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Characteristics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Characteristics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Characteristics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Characteristics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Shocked_rock" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shocked_rock"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Shocked rock</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shocked_rock-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Impact_melts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Impact_melts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Impact melts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Impact_melts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Impact_breccias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Impact_breccias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Impact breccias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Impact_breccias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Examples_of_impactite" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examples_of_impactite"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Examples of impactite</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Examples_of_impactite-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc 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mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%83" title="تأثير النيزك – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تأثير النيزك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impactita" title="Impactita – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Impactita" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impaktit" title="Impaktit – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Impaktit" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impaktit" title="Impaktit – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Impaktit" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impactita" title="Impactita – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Impactita" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impactite" title="Impactite – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Impactite" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impattite" title="Impattite – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Impattite" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Импактит – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Импактит" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impaktit" title="Impaktit – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Impaktit" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impaktit" title="Impaktit – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Impaktit" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Импактит – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Импактит" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88" title="インパクタイト – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="インパクタイト" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nedslagsbergart" title="Nedslagsbergart – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nedslagsbergart" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nedslagsbergart" title="Nedslagsbergart – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Nedslagsbergart" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impaktit" title="Impaktit – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Impaktit" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impaktyt" title="Impaktyt – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Impaktyt" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impactito" title="Impactito – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Impactito" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impactit" title="Impactit – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Impactit" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Импактиты – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Импактиты" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impaktiitti" title="Impaktiitti – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Impaktiitti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Імпактит – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Імпактит" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E7%9F%B3" title="撞擊石 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="撞擊石" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Rock created or modified by impact of a meteorite</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Impactites_from_Monturaqui_Impact_Crater.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Impactites_from_Monturaqui_Impact_Crater.jpg/220px-Impactites_from_Monturaqui_Impact_Crater.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Impactites_from_Monturaqui_Impact_Crater.jpg/330px-Impactites_from_Monturaqui_Impact_Crater.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Impactites_from_Monturaqui_Impact_Crater.jpg/440px-Impactites_from_Monturaqui_Impact_Crater.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>An example of impactite on Earth (from <a href="/wiki/Monturaqui" title="Monturaqui">Monturaqui</a> impact crater, Chile)</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Impactite</b> is <a href="/wiki/Rock_(geology)" title="Rock (geology)">rock</a> created or modified by one or more impacts of a <a href="/wiki/Meteorite" title="Meteorite">meteorite</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Impactites are considered <a href="/wiki/Metamorphic_rock" title="Metamorphic rock">metamorphic rock</a>, because their <a href="/wiki/Protolith" title="Protolith">source materials</a> were modified by the heat and pressure of the impact.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> On Earth, impactites consist primarily of modified terrestrial material, sometimes with pieces of the original meteorite.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Creation">Creation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Impactite&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Creation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When a large meteorite hits a planet, it can radically deform the rocks and <a href="/wiki/Regolith" title="Regolith">regolith</a> that it hits. The heat, pressure, and shock of the impact changes these materials into impactite.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Only very massive impacts generate the heat and pressure needed to transform a rock, so impactites are created rarely.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Impactite&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Impactite includes <a href="/wiki/Shock_metamorphism" title="Shock metamorphism">shock-metamorphosed</a> target rocks, melts (<a href="/wiki/Suevite" title="Suevite">suevites</a>) and mixtures of the two, as well as sedimentary rocks with significant impact-derived components (shocked mineral grains, <a href="/wiki/Tektites" class="mw-redirect" title="Tektites">tektites</a>, anomalous geochemical signatures, etc.). In June 2015, NASA reported that <b>impact glass</b> has been detected on the planet <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a>. Such material may contain preserved signs of <a href="/wiki/Life_on_Mars" title="Life on Mars">ancient life</a>—if life existed.<sup id="cite_ref-NASA-20150608_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NASA-20150608-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Impactites are generally classified into three groups: shocked rocks, impact melt, and impact breccias.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shocked_rock">Shocked rock</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Impactite&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Shocked rock"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shocked rocks have been transformed by <a href="/wiki/Shock_metamorphism" title="Shock metamorphism">shock metamorphism</a> caused by the impact. They include <a href="/wiki/Shatter_cone" title="Shatter cone">shatter cones</a> and high-pressure minerals, for example <a href="/wiki/Coesite" title="Coesite">coesite</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stishovite" title="Stishovite">stishovite</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Impact_melts">Impact melts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Impactite&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Impact melts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When a meteor strikes a planet's surface, the energy released from the impact can melt rock and soil into a liquid. The liquid then cools and becomes an impact melt.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> If the liquid cools and hardens quickly into a solid, impact glass forms before the atoms have time to arrange into a <a href="/wiki/Crystal_lattice" class="mw-redirect" title="Crystal lattice">crystal lattice</a>. Impact glass can be dark brown, almost black, and partly transparent.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sometimes, the cooled liquid does form a crystal structure. In that case, it would still be considered an impact melt, but not an impact glass.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Impact_breccias">Impact breccias</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Impactite&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Impact breccias"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Impact_breccia_(Late_Cretaceous,_70.3_Ma;_Kara_Impact_Structure,_Polar_Urals,_Russia).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Impact_breccia_%28Late_Cretaceous%2C_70.3_Ma%3B_Kara_Impact_Structure%2C_Polar_Urals%2C_Russia%29.jpg/220px-Impact_breccia_%28Late_Cretaceous%2C_70.3_Ma%3B_Kara_Impact_Structure%2C_Polar_Urals%2C_Russia%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Impact_breccia_%28Late_Cretaceous%2C_70.3_Ma%3B_Kara_Impact_Structure%2C_Polar_Urals%2C_Russia%29.jpg/330px-Impact_breccia_%28Late_Cretaceous%2C_70.3_Ma%3B_Kara_Impact_Structure%2C_Polar_Urals%2C_Russia%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Impact_breccia_%28Late_Cretaceous%2C_70.3_Ma%3B_Kara_Impact_Structure%2C_Polar_Urals%2C_Russia%29.jpg/440px-Impact_breccia_%28Late_Cretaceous%2C_70.3_Ma%3B_Kara_Impact_Structure%2C_Polar_Urals%2C_Russia%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4712" data-file-height="4687" /></a><figcaption>Impact breccia from the Kara impact structure in Russia</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Breccia" title="Breccia">Breccia</a> is "a rock consisting of angular fragments cemented together".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> An impact breccia is formed when a meteor shatters a rock and then cements it back together. Some breccias contain impact melts.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples_of_impactite">Examples of impactite</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Impactite&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Examples of impactite"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PIA19673-Mars-AlgaCrater-ImpactGlassDetected-MRO-20150608.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/PIA19673-Mars-AlgaCrater-ImpactGlassDetected-MRO-20150608.jpg/220px-PIA19673-Mars-AlgaCrater-ImpactGlassDetected-MRO-20150608.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/PIA19673-Mars-AlgaCrater-ImpactGlassDetected-MRO-20150608.jpg/330px-PIA19673-Mars-AlgaCrater-ImpactGlassDetected-MRO-20150608.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/PIA19673-Mars-AlgaCrater-ImpactGlassDetected-MRO-20150608.jpg/440px-PIA19673-Mars-AlgaCrater-ImpactGlassDetected-MRO-20150608.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1551" data-file-height="938" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/List_of_craters_on_Mars:_A-G" class="mw-redirect" title="List of craters on Mars: A-G">Alga crater</a> on <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a> is a possible site for preserved <a href="/wiki/Life_on_Mars" title="Life on Mars">ancient life</a>, after detection of an impact glass deposit.<sup id="cite_ref-NASA-20150608_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NASA-20150608-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Impactite has been found, for example, at the following impact craters and structures: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alamo_bolide_impact" title="Alamo bolide impact">Alamo bolide impact</a> (Late Devonian), Nevada, United States</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_craters_on_Mars:_A-G" class="mw-redirect" title="List of craters on Mars: A-G">Alga crater</a> on the planet <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a><sup id="cite_ref-NASA-20150608_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NASA-20150608-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barringer_crater" class="mw-redirect" title="Barringer crater">Barringer crater</a>, Arizona, United States<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlevoix_impact_structure" title="Charlevoix impact structure">Charlevoix impact structure</a>, Québec, Canada</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darwin_Crater" title="Darwin Crater">Darwin Crater</a>, Tasmania (source of <a href="/wiki/Darwin_glass" title="Darwin glass">Darwin glass</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Lappaj%C3%A4rvi" title="Lake Lappajärvi">Lake Lappajärvi</a>, Finland (source of <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A4rn%C3%A4ite" class="mw-redirect" title="Kärnäite">Kärnäite</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manicouagan_Reservoir" title="Manicouagan Reservoir">Manicouagan impact structure</a>, Québec, Canada</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neugrund_crater" title="Neugrund crater">Neugrund crater</a>, Estonia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%B6rdlinger_Ries" title="Nördlinger Ries">Nördlinger Ries</a> crater, Germany</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochechouart_impact_structure" title="Rochechouart impact structure">Rochechouart impact structure</a>, France</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stac_Fada_Member" title="Stac Fada Member">Stac Fada Member</a>, Scotland</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wabar_craters" title="Wabar craters">Wabar craters</a>, Saudi Arabia</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Impactite&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_meteoritics" title="Glossary of meteoritics">Glossary of meteoritics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteorite_shock_stage" title="Meteorite shock stage">Meteorite shock stage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitrified_sand" title="Vitrified sand">Vitrified sand</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Impactite&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFStöfflerGrieve1994" class="citation journal cs1">Stöffler, D.; Grieve, R.A.F. (1994). "Classification and Nomenclature of Impact Metamorphic Rocks: A Proposal to the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks". <i>Lunar and Planetary Science Conference</i>: 1347. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1994LPI....25.1347S">1994LPI....25.1347S</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&amp;rft.atitle=Classification+and+Nomenclature+of+Impact+Metamorphic+Rocks%3A+A+Proposal+to+the+IUGS+Subcommission+on+the+Systematics+of+Metamorphic+Rocks&amp;rft.pages=1347&amp;rft.date=1994&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1994LPI....25.1347S&amp;rft.aulast=St%C3%B6ffler&amp;rft.aufirst=D.&amp;rft.au=Grieve%2C+R.A.F.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AImpactite" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchmidFettesHarteDavis2007" class="citation cs2">Schmid, Rolf; Fettes, Douglas; Harte, Ben; Davis, Eleutheria; Desmons, Jacqueline; Smulikowski, Witold; Sassi, Francesco; Brodie, Kate; Árkai, Péter (2007), Fettes, Douglas; Desmons, Jacqueline (eds.), "Classification and nomenclature scheme", <i>Metamorphic Rocks</i>, Cambridge University Press, pp.&#160;3–110, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fcbo9780511628917.003">10.1017/cbo9780511628917.003</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-511-62891-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-511-62891-7"><bdi>978-0-511-62891-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Metamorphic+Rocks&amp;rft.atitle=Classification+and+nomenclature+scheme&amp;rft.pages=3-110&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Fcbo9780511628917.003&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-511-62891-7&amp;rft.aulast=Schmid&amp;rft.aufirst=Rolf&amp;rft.au=Fettes%2C+Douglas&amp;rft.au=Harte%2C+Ben&amp;rft.au=Davis%2C+Eleutheria&amp;rft.au=Desmons%2C+Jacqueline&amp;rft.au=Smulikowski%2C+Witold&amp;rft.au=Sassi%2C+Francesco&amp;rft.au=Brodie%2C+Kate&amp;rft.au=%C3%81rkai%2C+P%C3%A9ter&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AImpactite" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geology.com/meteorites/impactites.shtml">"Impactites: Impact Breccia, Tektites, Moldavites, Shattercones"</a>. <i>geology.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=geology.com&amp;rft.atitle=Impactites%3A+Impact+Breccia%2C+Tektites%2C+Moldavites%2C+Shattercones&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgeology.com%2Fmeteorites%2Fimpactites.shtml&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AImpactite" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NASA-20150608-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NASA-20150608_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NASA-20150608_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NASA-20150608_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff2015" class="citation web cs1">Staff (8 June 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA19673">"PIA19673: Spectral Signals Indicating Impact Glass on Mars"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=NASA&amp;rft.atitle=PIA19673%3A+Spectral+Signals+Indicating+Impact+Glass+on+Mars&amp;rft.date=2015-06-08&amp;rft.au=Staff&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphotojournal.jpl.nasa.gov%2Fcatalog%2FPIA19673&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AImpactite" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTemming" class="citation web cs1">Temming, Maria. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/exotic-glass-could-help-unravel-mysteries-of-mars/">"Exotic Glass Could Help Unravel Mysteries of Mars"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Scientific_American" title="Scientific American">Scientific American</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-06-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Scientific+American&amp;rft.atitle=Exotic+Glass+Could+Help+Unravel+Mysteries+of+Mars&amp;rft.aulast=Temming&amp;rft.aufirst=Maria&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scientificamerican.com%2Farticle%2Fexotic-glass-could-help-unravel-mysteries-of-mars%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AImpactite" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolland1976" class="citation book cs1">Holland, Stuart S. (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cmscontent.nrs.gov.bc.ca/geoscience/PublicationCatalogue/Bulletin/BCGS_B048.pdf"><i>Landforms of British Columbia: A Physiographic Outline</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. British Columbia, Canada. p.&#160;127.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Landforms+of+British+Columbia%3A+A+Physiographic+Outline&amp;rft.place=British+Columbia%2C+Canada&amp;rft.pages=127&amp;rft.date=1976&amp;rft.aulast=Holland&amp;rft.aufirst=Stuart+S.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcmscontent.nrs.gov.bc.ca%2Fgeoscience%2FPublicationCatalogue%2FBulletin%2FBCGS_B048.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AImpactite" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a 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of impact structures in Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_impact_structures_in_Antarctica" title="List of impact structures in Antarctica">Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_impact_structures_in_Asia_and_Russia" title="List of impact structures in Asia and Russia">Asia and Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_impact_structures_in_Australia" title="List of impact structures in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_impact_structures_in_Europe" title="List of impact structures in Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_impact_structures_in_North_America" title="List of impact structures in North America">North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_impact_structures_in_South_America" title="List of impact structures in South America">South America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Impact_craters_by_country" title="Category:Impact craters by country">By country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_possible_impact_structures_on_Earth" title="List of possible impact structures on Earth">Possible</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pingualuit_aerial_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Pingualuit_aerial_2007.jpg/120px-Pingualuit_aerial_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Pingualuit_aerial_2007.jpg/180px-Pingualuit_aerial_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Pingualuit_aerial_2007.jpg/240px-Pingualuit_aerial_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Craterstructure.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Craterstructure.gif/120px-Craterstructure.gif" decoding="async" width="120" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Craterstructure.gif/180px-Craterstructure.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Craterstructure.gif/240px-Craterstructure.gif 2x" data-file-width="789" data-file-height="715" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#c8b890;;width:1%">Confirmed<div style="clear:both;" class=""></div>≥20 km diameter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acraman_impact_structure" title="Acraman impact structure">Acraman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amelia_Creek_crater" title="Amelia Creek crater">Amelia Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Araguainha_crater" title="Araguainha crater">Araguainha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaverhead_impact_structure" title="Beaverhead impact structure">Beaverhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boltysh_crater" title="Boltysh crater">Boltysh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carswell_impact_structure" title="Carswell impact structure">Carswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlevoix_impact_structure" title="Charlevoix impact structure">Charlevoix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay_impact_crater" title="Chesapeake Bay impact crater">Chesapeake Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicxulub_crater" title="Chicxulub crater">Chicxulub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clearwater_Lakes" title="Clearwater Lakes">Clearwater East and West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gosses_Bluff_impact_structure" title="Gosses Bluff impact structure">Gosses Bluff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haughton_impact_crater" title="Haughton impact crater">Haughton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamensk_crater" title="Kamensk crater">Kamensk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kara_crater" title="Kara crater">Kara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karakul_(Tajikistan)" title="Karakul (Tajikistan)">Karakul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keurusselk%C3%A4" title="Keurusselkä">Keurusselkä</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Lappaj%C3%A4rvi" title="Lake Lappajärvi">Lappajärvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logancha_crater" title="Logancha crater">Logancha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manicouagan_impact_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Manicouagan impact structure">Manicouagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manson_impact_structure" title="Manson impact structure">Manson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mistastin_crater" title="Mistastin crater">Mistastin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mj%C3%B8lnir_crater" title="Mjølnir crater">Mjølnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montagnais_crater" title="Montagnais crater">Montagnais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morokweng_impact_structure" title="Morokweng impact structure">Morokweng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%B6rdlinger_Ries" title="Nördlinger Ries">Nördlinger Ries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obolon%27_crater" title="Obolon&#39; crater">Obolon'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popigai_impact_structure" title="Popigai impact structure">Popigai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presqu%27%C3%AEle_crater" title="Presqu&#39;île crater">Presqu'île</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puchezh-Katunki_crater" title="Puchezh-Katunki crater">Puchezh-Katunki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochechouart_impact_structure" title="Rochechouart impact structure">Rochechouart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Martin_impact_structure" title="Saint Martin impact structure">Saint Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoemaker_impact_structure" title="Shoemaker impact structure">Shoemaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siljan_Ring" title="Siljan Ring">Siljan Ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slate_Islands_(Ontario)" title="Slate Islands (Ontario)">Slate Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steen_River_impact_structure" title="Steen River impact structure">Steen River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strangways_crater" title="Strangways crater">Strangways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudbury_Basin" title="Sudbury Basin">Sudbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tookoonooka_impact_structure" title="Tookoonooka impact structure">Tookoonooka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunnunik_impact_structure" title="Tunnunik impact structure">Tunnunik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vredefort_impact_structure" title="Vredefort impact structure">Vredefort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodleigh_impact_structure" title="Woodleigh impact structure">Woodleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarrabubba_impact_structure" title="Yarrabubba impact structure">Yarrabubba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#c8b890;;width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alvarez_hypothesis" title="Alvarez hypothesis">Alvarez hypothesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australite" title="Australite">Australite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breccia" title="Breccia">Breccia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coesite" title="Coesite">Coesite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Complex_crater" title="Complex crater">Complex crater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretaceous%E2%80%93Paleogene_boundary" title="Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary">Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryptoexplosion" title="Cryptoexplosion">Cryptoexplosion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ejecta_blanket" title="Ejecta blanket">Ejecta blanket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_crater" title="Impact crater">Impact crater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_structure" title="Impact structure">Impact structure</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Impactite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Late_Heavy_Bombardment" title="Late Heavy Bombardment">Late Heavy Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lechatelierite" title="Lechatelierite">Lechatelierite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteorite" title="Meteorite">Meteorite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldavite" title="Moldavite">Moldavite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordovician_meteor_event" title="Ordovician meteor event">Ordovician meteor event</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippinite" title="Philippinite">Philippinite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planar_deformation_features" title="Planar deformation features">Planar deformation features</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shatter_cone" title="Shatter cone">Shatter cone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shock_metamorphism" title="Shock metamorphism">Shock metamorphism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shocked_quartz" title="Shocked quartz">Shocked quartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stishovite" title="Stishovite">Stishovite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suevite" title="Suevite">Suevite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tektite" title="Tektite">Tektite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#c8b890;;width:1%">Research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Belknap_Baldwin" title="Ralph Belknap Baldwin">Ralph Belknap Baldwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Barringer_(geologist)" title="Daniel Barringer (geologist)">Daniel Barringer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barringer_Medal" title="Barringer Medal">Barringer Medal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_C._T._Chao" title="Edward C. T. Chao">Edward C. T. Chao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Dietz" title="Robert S. Dietz">Robert S. Dietz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Kenneth_Hartmann" title="William Kenneth Hartmann">William Kenneth Hartmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._Jay_Melosh" title="H. Jay Melosh">H. Jay Melosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Ryder" title="Graham Ryder">Graham Ryder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_H._Schultz" title="Peter H. Schultz">Peter H. Schultz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Merle_Shoemaker" title="Eugene Merle Shoemaker">Eugene Merle Shoemaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_Impact_Database" title="Earth Impact Database">Earth Impact Database</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_Field_Studies_Group" title="Impact Field Studies Group">Impact Field Studies Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_and_Planetary_Institute" title="Lunar and Planetary Institute">Lunar and Planetary Institute</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Traces_of_Catastrophe" title="Traces of Catastrophe">Traces of Catastrophe</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Meteorites_and_meteoritics" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Meteorites" title="Template:Meteorites"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Meteorites" title="Template talk:Meteorites"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Meteorites" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Meteorites"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Meteorites_and_meteoritics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Meteorite" title="Meteorite">Meteorites</a> and <a href="/wiki/Meteoritics" title="Meteoritics">meteoritics</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Meteorite" title="Meteorite">Meteorite</a>...</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_meteoritics" title="Glossary of meteoritics">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteorite_fall" title="Meteorite fall">Fall</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bolide" title="Bolide">bolide</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">impactite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteorite_fall_statistics" title="Meteorite fall statistics">statistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strewn_field" title="Strewn field">strewn field</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteorite_find" title="Meteorite find">Find</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meteorite_hunting" title="Meteorite hunting">hunting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_meteorites_on_Earth" title="List of largest meteorites on Earth">Largest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micrometeorite" title="Micrometeorite">Micrometeorite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteorite#Notable_meteorites" title="Meteorite">Notable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parent_body" title="Parent body">Parent body</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Meteorite_classification" title="Meteorite classification">Classification</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="By_type,_class,clan,_group_and_grouplet" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By <a href="/wiki/Category:Meteorite_types" title="Category:Meteorite types">type</a>, <a href="/wiki/Category:Meteorite_classes" title="Category:Meteorite classes">class</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Category:Meteorite_clans" title="Category:Meteorite clans">clan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Category:Meteorite_groups" title="Category:Meteorite groups">group</a><br /> and <a href="/wiki/Category:Meteorite_grouplets" title="Category:Meteorite grouplets">grouplet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chondrite" title="Chondrite">Chondrite</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carbonaceous_chondrite" title="Carbonaceous chondrite">Carbonaceous</a> <ul><li>CB</li> <li>CH</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CI_chondrite" title="CI chondrite">CI</a></li> <li>CK</li> <li>CM</li> <li>CO</li> <li>CR</li> <li>CV</li> <li>C ungrouped</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enstatite_chondrite" title="Enstatite chondrite">Enstatite</a> <ul><li>EH</li> <li>EL</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chondrite#Kakangari_chondrites" title="Chondrite">Kakangari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordinary_chondrite" title="Ordinary chondrite">Ordinary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H_chondrite" title="H chondrite">H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L_chondrite" title="L chondrite">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LL_chondrite" title="LL chondrite">LL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chondrite#Rumuruti_chondrites" title="Chondrite">Rumuruti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Achondrite" title="Achondrite">Achondrite</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Primitive_achondrite" title="Primitive achondrite">Primitive</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acapulcoite" title="Acapulcoite">Acapulcoite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brachinite" title="Brachinite">Brachinite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IAB_meteorites" class="mw-redirect" title="IAB meteorites">IAB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IIICD_meteorite" title="IIICD meteorite">IIICD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lodranite" title="Lodranite">Lodranite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ureilite" title="Ureilite">Ureilite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winonaite" title="Winonaite">Winonaite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asteroidal_achondrite" class="mw-redirect" title="Asteroidal achondrite">Asteroidal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angrite" title="Angrite">Angrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aubrite" title="Aubrite">Aubrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HED_meteorite" title="HED meteorite">HED</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diogenite" title="Diogenite">Diogenite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucrite" title="Eucrite">Eucrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howardite" title="Howardite">Howardite</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lunar_meteorite" title="Lunar meteorite">Lunar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_breccia" class="mw-redirect" title="Impact breccia">Impact breccia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mare_basalts" class="mw-redirect" title="Mare basalts">Mare basalts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lunar_meteorites" title="List of lunar meteorites">List</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Martian_meteorite" title="Martian meteorite">Martian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Africa_7034" title="Northwest Africa 7034">Basaltic Breccia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Africa_7034" title="Northwest Africa 7034">NWA 7034</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chassignites" class="mw-redirect" title="Chassignites">Chassignites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaidun_meteorite" title="Kaidun meteorite">Kaidun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakhlite" title="Nakhlite">Nakhlites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthopyroxenite" title="Orthopyroxenite">Orthopyroxenite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Hills_84001" title="Allan Hills 84001">ALH84001</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martian_meteorite#Shergottites" title="Martian meteorite">Shergottites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Martian_meteorites" title="List of Martian meteorites">Martian meteorites list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_meteorites_on_Mars" class="mw-redirect" title="List of meteorites on Mars">Meteorites on Mars list</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iron_meteorite" title="Iron meteorite">Iron</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>IC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IIAB_meteorites" title="IIAB meteorites">IIAB</a></li> <li>IIC</li> <li>IID</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IIE_iron_meteorite" title="IIE iron meteorite">IIE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IIG_meteorite" title="IIG meteorite">IIG</a></li> <li>IIIAB</li> <li>IIIE</li> <li>IIIF</li> <li>IVA</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IVB_meteorite" title="IVB meteorite">IVB</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Stony-iron_meteorite" title="Stony-iron meteorite">Stony-iron</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mesosiderite" title="Mesosiderite">Mesosiderite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallasite" title="Pallasite">Pallasite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pallasite_main_group" title="Pallasite main group">Main group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_Station_group" title="Eagle Station group">Eagle Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyroxene_pallasite_grouplet" title="Pyroxene pallasite grouplet">Pyroxene</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Structural</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ataxite" title="Ataxite">Ataxite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexahedrite" title="Hexahedrite">Hexahedrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octahedrite" title="Octahedrite">Octahedrite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Obsolete terms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphoterite" title="Amphoterite">Amphoterite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonmagmatic_meteorite" title="Nonmagmatic meteorite">Nonmagmatic meteorite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mineralogy" title="Mineralogy">Mineralogy</a> <br />and <a href="/wiki/Petrology" title="Petrology">petrology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Characteristics <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meteorite_shock_stage" title="Meteorite shock stage">shock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Total_known_weight" title="Total known weight">TKW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteorite_weathering" title="Meteorite weathering">weathering</a></li></ul></li> <li>Grains <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chondrule" title="Chondrule">chondrule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presolar_grains" title="Presolar grains">presolar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_meteorite_minerals" title="List of meteorite minerals">Minerals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calcium%E2%80%93aluminium-rich_inclusion" title="Calcium–aluminium-rich inclusion">Ca–Al-rich inclusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrial_materials" title="Extraterrestrial materials">extraterrestrial materials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteoric_iron" title="Meteoric iron">meteoric iron</a></li></ul></li> <li>Patterns <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neumann_lines" title="Neumann lines">Neumann lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Widmanst%C3%A4tten_pattern" title="Widmanstätten pattern">Widmanstätten</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CI1_fossils" title="CI1 fossils">CI1 fossils</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Meteorites by <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Meteorites_by_find_location" title="Category:Meteorites by find location">find location</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Meteorites_by_type" title="Category:Meteorites by type">type</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Meteorite_prizes" title="Category:Meteorite prizes">Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Meteoritics_publications" title="Category:Meteoritics publications">Journals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Meteorite_organizations" title="Category:Meteorite organizations">Organizations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>See also:</i> <a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">Asteroid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atmospheric_entry" title="Atmospheric entry">Atmospheric entry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet" title="Comet">Comet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_event" title="Impact event">Impact event</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteor" class="mw-redirect" title="Meteor">Meteor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meteor_shower" title="Meteor shower">shower</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteoroid" title="Meteoroid">Meteoroid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near-Earth_object" title="Near-Earth object">Near-Earth object</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Glass_production_techniques" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Glass_production_techniques" title="Template:Glass production techniques"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Glass_production_techniques" title="Template talk:Glass production techniques"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Glass_production_techniques" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Glass production techniques"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Glass_production_techniques" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Glass_production" title="Glass production">Glass production</a> techniques</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commercial<br />techniques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Float_glass" title="Float glass">Float glass process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritted_glass" title="Fritted glass">Fritted glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_production#Forming_process" title="Glass production">Blowing and pressing (containers)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_(fiber)#Fiber_formation" class="mw-redirect" title="Glass (fiber)">Extrusion / Drawing (glass fibers)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_wool" title="Glass wool">Glass wool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_fiber#Manufacturing" title="Optical fiber">Drawing (optical fibers)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precision_glass_moulding" title="Precision glass moulding">Precision glass moulding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overflow_downdraw_method" title="Overflow downdraw method">Overflow downdraw method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pressed_glass" title="Pressed glass">Pressing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_casting" title="Glass casting">Casting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flame_polishing" title="Flame polishing">Flame polishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etching_(microfabrication)" title="Etching (microfabrication)">Chemical polishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_turning" title="Diamond turning">Diamond turning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolled_plate_glass" title="Rolled plate glass">Rolling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artistic and<br />historic techniques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80ina-k%C4%81ri" title="Āina-kāri">Āina-kāri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_glass" title="Art glass">Art glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_art" title="Glass art">Glass art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_beadmaking" class="mw-redirect" title="Glass beadmaking">Beadmaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glassblowing" title="Glassblowing">Blowing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blown_plate_glass" title="Blown plate glass">Blown plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broad_sheet_glass" title="Broad sheet glass">Broad sheet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caneworking" title="Caneworking">Caneworking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cased_glass" title="Cased glass">Cased glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_glass_(window)" title="Crown glass (window)">Crown glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cut_glass" title="Cut glass">Cut glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cylinder_blown_sheet_glass" title="Cylinder blown sheet glass">Cylinder blown sheet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engraved_glass" title="Engraved glass">Engraving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_etching" title="Glass etching">Etching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enamelled_glass" title="Enamelled glass">Enamelled glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flashed_glass" title="Flashed glass">Flashed glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_glass" title="Forest glass">Forest glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourcault_process" title="Fourcault process">Fourcault process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_fusing" title="Glass fusing">Fusing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_mosaic" title="Glass mosaic">Glass mosaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_glassware" title="List of glassware">Glassware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampworking" title="Lampworking">Lampworking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machine_drawn_cylinder_sheet_glass" title="Machine drawn cylinder sheet glass">Machine drawn cylinder sheet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millefiori" title="Millefiori">Millefiori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirror" title="Mirror">Mirror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polished_plate_glass" title="Polished plate glass">Polished plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porous_glass" title="Porous glass">Porous glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rippled_glass" title="Rippled glass">Rippled glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satsuma_Kiriko_cut_glass" class="mw-redirect" title="Satsuma Kiriko cut glass">Satsuma Kiriko cut glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slumping" title="Slumping">Slumping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stained_glass" title="Stained glass">Stained glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Studio_glass" title="Studio glass">Studio glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempered_glass" title="Tempered glass">Tempered glass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Glass_in_nature" title="Category:Glass in nature">Natural processes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glass_with_embedded_metal_and_sulfides" title="Glass with embedded metal and sulfides">Radiative processes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opal" title="Opal">Opal formation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_glass" title="Sea glass">Sea glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shock_metamorphism" title="Shock metamorphism">Shock metamorphic glass</a>/<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Impactite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitrified_sand" title="Vitrified sand">Vitrified sand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volcanic_glass" title="Volcanic glass">Volcanic glass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_glass_art_terms" title="Glossary of glass art terms">Glossary of glass art terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_recycling" title="Glass recycling">Glass recycling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div 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