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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Zaloguj się</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Strony dla anonimowych edytorów <a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Pierwsze_kroki" aria-label="Dowiedz się więcej na temat edytowania"><span>dowiedz się więcej</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:M%C3%B3j_wk%C5%82ad" title="Lista edycji wykonanych z tego adresu IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Edycje</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Moja_dyskusja" title="Dyskusja użytkownika dla tego adresu IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Dyskusja</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Witryna"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Spis treści" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Spis treści</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Początek</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Graffiti_Aleksamenosa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Graffiti_Aleksamenosa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Graffiti Aleksamenosa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Graffiti_Aleksamenosa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Spis treści" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Przełącz stan spisu treści" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Przełącz stan spisu treści</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Palatyn (wzgórze)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Przejdź do artykułu w innym języku. Treść dostępna w 58 językach" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-58" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">58 języków</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatyn" title="Palatyn – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Palatyn" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86" title="هضبة بالاتين – arabski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هضبة بالاتين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Палацін – białoruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Палацін" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="białoruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Палятын – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Палятын" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Палатин – bułgarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Палатин" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bułgarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%95%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8F%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%89%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8D" title="རི་བོ་ཕ་ལ་ཏི་ཉི། – tybetański" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="རི་བོ་ཕ་ལ་ཏི་ཉི།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tybetański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatin_(bre%C5%BEuljak)" title="Palatin (brežuljak) – bośniacki" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Palatin (brežuljak)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bośniacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palat%C3%AD" title="Palatí – kataloński" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Palatí" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataloński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_Palatino" title="Monte Palatino – cebuański" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Monte Palatino" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatin_(%C5%98%C3%ADm)" title="Palatin (Řím) – czeski" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Palatin (Řím)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="czeski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatinerh%C3%B8jen" title="Palatinerhøjen – duński" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Palatinerhøjen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="duński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatin_(Rom)" title="Palatin (Rom) – niemiecki" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Palatin (Rom)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="niemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%BB%CF%8C%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Παλατίνος λόφος – grecki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Παλατίνος λόφος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatine_Hill" title="Palatine Hill – angielski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Palatine Hill" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angielski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_Palatino" title="Monte Palatino – hiszpański" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Monte Palatino" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hiszpański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatino_(Romo)" title="Palatino (Romo) – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Palatino (Romo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatino" title="Palatino – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Palatino" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86" title="پالاتین – perski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پالاتین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Palatin" title="Mont Palatin – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mont Palatin" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outeiro_Palatino" title="Outeiro Palatino – galicyjski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Outeiro Palatino" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8C%94%EB%9D%BC%ED%8B%B0%EB%85%B8_%EC%96%B8%EB%8D%95" title="팔라티노 언덕 – koreański" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="팔라티노 언덕" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%B6_(%D5%A2%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80)" title="Պալատին (բլուր) – ormiański" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պալատին (բլուր)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ormiański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatin_(bre%C5%BEuljak)" title="Palatin (brežuljak) – chorwacki" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Palatin (brežuljak)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorwacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukit_Palatium" title="Bukit Palatium – indonezyjski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bukit Palatium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palat%C3%ADnh%C3%A6%C3%B0" title="Palatínhæð – islandzki" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Palatínhæð" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatino" title="Palatino – włoski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Palatino" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="włoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%98%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="גבעת הפאלאטיום – hebrajski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גבעת הפאלאטיום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AA%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="პალატინის ბორცვი – gruziński" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პალატინის ბორცვი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruziński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatino" title="Palatino – suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Palatino" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mons_Palatinus" title="Mons Palatinus – łaciński" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Mons Palatinus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="łaciński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatino_kalva" title="Palatino kalva – litewski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Palatino kalva" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litewski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatinus" title="Palatinus – węgierski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Palatinus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="węgierski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Палатин – macedoński" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Палатин" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86" title="تل البلاتين – egipski arabski" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تل البلاتين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egipski arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mons_Palatinus" title="Mons Palatinus – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mons Palatinus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatijn" title="Palatijn – niderlandzki" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Palatijn" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%A9%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8E" title="パラティーノ – japoński" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パラティーノ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatinerh%C3%B8yden" title="Palatinerhøyden – norweski (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Palatinerhøyden" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norweski (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatinerh%C3%B8gda" title="Palatinerhøgda – norweski (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Palatinerhøgda" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norweski (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatin" title="Palatin – oksytański" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Palatin" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksytański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatin" title="Palatin – uzbecki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Palatin" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatino" title="Palatino – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Palatino" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatin" title="Palatin – rumuński" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Palatin" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumuński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Палатин – rosyjski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Палатин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rosyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatine_Hill" title="Palatine Hill – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Palatine Hill" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatinski_gri%C4%8D" title="Palatinski grič – słoweński" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Palatinski grič" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="słoweński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_(%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%83%D1%99%D0%B0%D0%BA)" title="Палатин (римски брежуљак) – serbski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Палатин (римски брежуљак)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatin" title="Palatin – serbsko-chorwacki" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Palatin" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbsko-chorwacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatium" title="Palatium – fiński" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Palatium" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatinen" title="Palatinen – szwedzki" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Palatinen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="szwedzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burol_Palatino" title="Burol Palatino – tagalski" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Burol Palatino" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%AA" title="เนินปาลาตีนุส – tajski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เนินปาลาตีนุส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatino_Tepesi" title="Palatino Tepesi – turecki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Palatino Tepesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Палатин – ukraiński" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Палатин" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%81%D8%A7%DA%91%DB%8C" title="پیلاٹین پہاڑی – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پیلاٹین پہاڑی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukid-bukid_Palatino" title="Bukid-bukid Palatino – waraj" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Bukid-bukid Palatino" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waraj" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E6%8B%89%E8%92%82%E5%B0%BC%E5%B1%B1" title="帕拉蒂尼山 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="帕拉蒂尼山" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E5%B1%B1" title="帕拉丁山 – chiński" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="帕拉丁山" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q200642#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edytuj linki pomiędzy wersjami językowymi" class="wbc-editpage">Edytuj linki</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Przestrzenie nazw"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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Jako pozbawione źródeł mogą zostać zakwestionowane i usunięte.</small><br /><small><i>Sprawdź w źródłach:</i> <span class="plainlinks"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/szukaj/Palatyn+%28wzg%C3%B3rze%29.html">Encyklopedia PWN</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?as_brr=0&as_pub=-icon&q=%22Palatyn+%28wzg%C3%B3rze%29%22">Google Books</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Palatyn+%28wzg%C3%B3rze%29%22">Google Scholar</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fbc.pionier.net.pl/search#fq={!tag=dcterms_accessRights}dcterms_accessRights%3A%22Dost%C4%99p%20otwarty%22&q=%22Palatyn+%28wzg%C3%B3rze%29%22">Federacja Bibliotek Cyfrowych</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bazhum.muzhp.pl/artykul/lista/?generalQuery=%22Palatyn+%28wzg%C3%B3rze%29%22">BazHum</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yadda.icm.edu.pl/baztech/search/page.action?qt=SEARCH&q=c_0language_0eq.all*sc.article*c_0keywords_0eq.Palatyn+%28wzg%C3%B3rze%29*l_0*c_0fulltext_0eq.all">BazTech</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rcin.org.pl/dlibra/results?q=%22Palatyn+%28wzg%C3%B3rze%29%22&action=SimpleSearchAction&type=-6&p=0">RCIN</a> • Internet Archive (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/texts?query=%22Palatyn+%28wzg%C3%B3rze%29%22">texts</a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/inlibrary?query=%22Palatyn+%28wzg%C3%B3rze%29%22">inlibrary</a>)</span></small><br /><span style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size:80%"> Po wyeliminowaniu niedoskonałości należy usunąć szablon <a href="/wiki/Szablon:Dopracowa%C4%87" title="Szablon:Dopracować">{{Dopracować}}</a> z tego artykułu.</span></div></div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Circus_Maximus_et_Domus_Augustana_-_Rome_111001.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Circus_Maximus_et_Domus_Augustana_-_Rome_111001.JPG/220px-Circus_Maximus_et_Domus_Augustana_-_Rome_111001.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Circus_Maximus_et_Domus_Augustana_-_Rome_111001.JPG/330px-Circus_Maximus_et_Domus_Augustana_-_Rome_111001.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Circus_Maximus_et_Domus_Augustana_-_Rome_111001.JPG/440px-Circus_Maximus_et_Domus_Augustana_-_Rome_111001.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3699" data-file-height="2466" /></a><figcaption>Ruiny Domus Augustana na Palatynie</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Palatyn</b> (<a href="/wiki/%C5%81acina" title="Łacina">łac.</a> <i>Mons Palatinus</i>, <a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_w%C5%82oski" title="Język włoski">wł.</a> <i>Palatino</i>) – jedno z siedmiu wzgórz <a href="/wiki/Rzym" title="Rzym">Rzymu</a>, według tradycji (i ostatnich badań archeologicznych<sup class="noprint" title="Te informacje wymagają podania przypisów bibliograficznych od 2022-12">[<a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Przypisy" title="Pomoc:Przypisy">potrzebny przypis</a>]</sup>) uważane za miejsce najstarszej osady rzymskiej zwanej <i>Roma quadrata</i><sup class="noprint" title="Te informacje wymagają podania przypisów bibliograficznych od 2022-12">[<a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Przypisy" title="Pomoc:Przypisy">potrzebny przypis</a>]</sup>. </p><p>W tamtejszej grocie zwanej <i><a href="/wiki/Luperkal" title="Luperkal">Lupercal</a></i> wilczyca miała karmić mitycznego <a href="/wiki/Romulus_i_Remus" title="Romulus i Remus">Romulusa i Remusa</a>. Znajdowały się tam m.in. świątynia <a href="/wiki/Wiktoria_(mitologia)" title="Wiktoria (mitologia)">Wiktorii</a>, świątynia <a href="/wiki/Jowisz_(mitologia)" title="Jowisz (mitologia)">Jowisza Statora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dom_Liwii" title="Dom Liwii">Dom Liwii</a>, pałac <a href="/wiki/Septymiusz_Sewer" title="Septymiusz Sewer">Septimusa Sewera</a>, pałac <a href="/wiki/Domicjan" title="Domicjan">Domicjana</a>. W okresie republiki Palatyn był dzielnicą bogatych <a href="/wiki/Willa" title="Willa">willi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cyceron" title="Cyceron">Cycerona</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marek_Licyniusz_Krassus" title="Marek Licyniusz Krassus">Krassusa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marek_Antoniusz" title="Marek Antoniusz">Marka Antoniusza</a>). </p><p>Od czasów <a href="/wiki/Oktawian_August" title="Oktawian August">Oktawiana Augusta</a> na Palatynie budowano pałace cesarskie. W średniowieczu wzniesiono tam twierdzę rodu Frangipani, a w XVI w. wspaniałe ogrody kardynała <a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Farnese_(1520%E2%80%931589)" title="Alessandro Farnese (1520–1589)">Alessandro Farnese</a>. Prace archeologiczne przeprowadzone na wzgórzu (od XVIII w.) odsłoniły resztki osady i <a href="/wiki/Nekropolia" title="Nekropolia">nekropolii</a> <a href="/wiki/Latynowie" title="Latynowie">latyńskiej</a> oraz <a href="/wiki/Sabinowie" title="Sabinowie">sabińskiej</a> z VIII w. p.n.e.–VII w. p.n.e. </p><p>Średniowieczny kościół Św. Sebastiana zawiera w <a href="/wiki/Apsyda_(architektura)" title="Apsyda (architektura)">apsydzie</a> malowidła z XI w. </p> <table class="infobox noprint plainlinks" cellpadding="4" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; width:30px;"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WiktionaryPl_nodesc.svg/28px-WiktionaryPl_nodesc.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WiktionaryPl_nodesc.svg/42px-WiktionaryPl_nodesc.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WiktionaryPl_nodesc.svg/56px-WiktionaryPl_nodesc.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="122" data-file-height="117" /></span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:normal; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; flex:unset;"><a href="https://pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/Palatyn" class="extiw" title="wikt:Palatyn"><strong>Zobacz hasło</strong> <em>Palatyn</em> w Wikisłowniku</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Graffiti_Aleksamenosa">Graffiti Aleksamenosa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palatyn_(wzg%C3%B3rze)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj sekcję: Graffiti Aleksamenosa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palatyn_(wzg%C3%B3rze)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Graffiti Aleksamenosa"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle" style="margin:0.2em 0 0.5em 1.6em"><span class="nomobile navigation-not-searchable"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/16px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/24px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/32px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span> </span><i>Osobny artykuł: <a href="/wiki/Graffiti_Aleksamenosa" title="Graffiti Aleksamenosa">Graffiti Aleksamenosa</a>.</i></div> <p>W 1857 na murze Pałacu Cezarów na Palatynie w Rzymie odkryto wyryte graffiti, uważane za najstarsze znane wyobrażenie ukrzyżowanego <a href="/wiki/Jezus_Chrystus" title="Jezus Chrystus">Jezusa</a>. 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.opis{background:#715f00}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .opis.a2,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .a2 .opis{background:#5f5f5f}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .opis.a3,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .a3 .opis{background:#764617}}</style><ul class="tnavbar noprint plainlinks hlist"><li><a href="/wiki/Szablon:Siedem_wzg%C3%B3rz_Rzymu" title="Szablon:Siedem wzgórz Rzymu"><span title="Pokaż ten szablon">p</span></a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dyskusja_szablonu:Siedem_wzg%C3%B3rz_Rzymu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dyskusja szablonu:Siedem wzgórz Rzymu (strona nie istnieje)"><span title="Dyskusja na temat tego szablonu">d</span></a></li><li title="Możesz edytować ten szablon. Użyj przycisku podglądu przed zapisaniem zmian."><a class="external text" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Szablon:Siedem_wzg%C3%B3rz_Rzymu&action=edit">e</a></li></ul><div class="navbox-title caption"><a href="/wiki/Siedem_wzg%C3%B3rz_Rzymu" title="Siedem wzgórz Rzymu">Siedem wzgórz Rzymu</a></div><div class="mw-collapsible-content"><table class="navbox-main-content inner-standard"><tbody><tr class="a1"><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-odd"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Awentyn" title="Awentyn">Awentyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celius" title="Celius">Celius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskwilin" title="Eskwilin">Eskwilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapitol" title="Kapitol">Kapitol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwiryna%C5%82" title="Kwirynał">Kwirynał</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Palatyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wimina%C5%82" title="Wiminał">Wiminał</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74016753">.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div+div{margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div>div{background:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);padding:.2em .5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul li:first-child{padding-left:.5em;border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}</style> <div id="normdaten" class="catlinks"><div class="normdaten-typ-fehlt"><div><a href="/wiki/Kontrola_autorytatywna" title="Kontrola autorytatywna">Kontrola autorytatywna</a> (<span class="description"><a href="/wiki/Wzg%C3%B3rze" title="Wzgórze">wzgórze</a></span>):</div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lccn.loc.gov/sh92006160">sh92006160</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4262371-6">4262371-6</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_Republiki_Czeskiej" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Republiki Czeskiej">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aut.nkp.cz/xx0122858">xx0122858</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_Izraela" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Izraela">J9U</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007539424005171">987007539424005171</a></span></li></ul></div><div class="normdaten-andere"><div><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_internetowa" title="Encyklopedia internetowa">Encyklopedie internetowe</a>:</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_PWN_(internetowa)" title="Encyklopedia PWN (internetowa)">PWN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/;3953395.html">3953395</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_Britannica" title="Encyklopedia Britannica">Britannica</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Palatine-Hill">place/Palatine-Hill</a></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P3219" class="extiw" title="d:Property:P3219">Universalis</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/palatin-rome-archeologie/">palatin-rome-archeologie</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wielka_Encyklopedia_Rosyjska" title="Wielka Encyklopedia Rosyjska">БРЭ</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/text/2703655">2703655</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Store_norske_leksikon" title="Store norske leksikon">SNL</a>: <span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=4342&url_prefix=https://snl.no/&id=Palatinen_-_en_av_Romas_syv_h%C3%B8yder">Palatinen_-_en_av_Romas_syv_høyder</a></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P1296" class="extiw" title="d:Property:P1296">Catalana</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/ec-gec-0048445.xml">0048445</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Den_Store_Danske_Encyklop%C3%A6di" title="Den Store Danske Encyklopædi">DSDE</a>: <span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8313&url_prefix=https://lex.dk/&id=Palatinerh%C3%B8jen">Palatinerhøjen</a></span></li></ul> </div></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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