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ft"></div></div></button></div></div></div><div class="l"><div class="fu fv fw fx fy l"><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"></div></div><article><div class="l"><div class="l"><span class="l"></span><section><div><div class="fs gi gj gk gl gm"></div><div class="gn go gp gq gr"><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"><div><h1 id="76f8" class="pw-post-title gs gt gu bf gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu bk" data-testid="storyTitle">Tuning Cipher to 1M TPS for ease of scaling of online authentications (Part 2)</h1><div><div class="speechify-ignore ab cp"><div class="speechify-ignore bh l"><div class="hv hw hx hy hz ab"><div><div class="ab ia"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><a rel="noopener follow" href="/?source=post_page---byline--30699cc273dc--------------------------------"><div class="l ib ic by id ie"><div class="l fj"><img alt="'Celebration of Engineering'" class="l fd by dd de cx" 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https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:750/0*uCzHLS80DwWiVZMq 750w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:786/0*uCzHLS80DwWiVZMq 786w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:828/0*uCzHLS80DwWiVZMq 828w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1100/0*uCzHLS80DwWiVZMq 1100w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1400/0*uCzHLS80DwWiVZMq 1400w" sizes="(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px"/><img alt="" class="bh lm mt c" width="700" height="459" loading="eager" role="presentation"/></picture></div></div></figure><p id="f2cc" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk">We went through the overall idea behind the demo in <a class="af ns" href="https://engineeringblogs.medium.com/achieving-1-million-tps-with-zetas-cipher-a-new-benchmark-in-the-payments-industry-part-1-9a0dbdb74924" rel="noopener">Part 1.</a> Part 2 will inform us about how we achieved the feat, highlighting the technologies that we used along the way. Heads up, it is going to be engineering focussed.</p><p id="58f5" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk"><em class="nt">Quick recap:</em> Cipher demonstrated the successful handling of a chart-busting 1 Million Transactions Per Second of online authentication requests utilizing a prudent cost of $200/hour of AWS cloud infrastructure. The simulated authentications are 240x higher than the authentication output put together by all of the big players in India during online payment transactions.</p><h1 id="01f6" class="nu nv gu bf nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or bk">Things we engineereed in a nutshell</h1><ol class=""><li id="1793" class="mu mv gu mw b mx os mz na nb ot nd ne nf ou nh ni nj ov nl nm nn ow np nq nr ox oy oz bk">Optimized systems for a minimum unit for processing a desirable number of online authentications</li></ol><blockquote class="pa pb pc"><p id="ff54" class="mu mv nt mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk">Built the infrastructure</p><p id="a6b0" class="mu mv nt mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk">Setup the simulation environment and node distribution mechanisms</p><p id="48ee" class="mu mv nt mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk">Processed successful authentications for the transactions</p></blockquote><p id="0a89" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk">2. Scaled the minimum unit for the desired load capacity of 1 Million TPS</p><h1 id="8c3e" class="nu nv gu bf nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or bk">Infrastructure used</h1><ul class=""><li id="43a3" class="mu mv gu mw b mx os mz na nb ot nd ne nf ou nh ni nj ov nl nm nn ow np nq nr pd oy oz bk">Nginx — A web server used as an ingress controller (to accept HTTP requests).</li><li id="eb3e" class="mu mv gu mw b mx pe mz na nb pf nd ne nf pg nh ni nj ph nl nm nn pi np nq nr pd oy oz bk">EKS (Elastic Kubernetes Service) — An AWS-managed service to run Kubernetes.</li><li id="0aea" class="mu mv gu mw b mx pe mz na nb pf nd ne nf pg nh ni nj ph nl nm nn pi np nq nr pd oy oz bk">Prometheus — An open-source monitoring system with a dimensional data model, flexible query language, efficient time-series database, and modern alerting approach.</li><li id="966b" class="mu mv gu mw b mx pe mz na nb pf nd ne nf pg nh ni nj ph nl nm nn pi np nq nr pd oy oz bk">Grafana — An open-source analytics & monitoring solution for databases and microservices.</li><li id="2ca5" class="mu mv gu mw b mx pe mz na nb pf nd ne nf pg nh ni nj ph nl nm nn pi np nq nr pd oy oz bk">Metrics server — A cluster-wide aggregator of resource usage data for auto-scaling horizontal pods.</li><li id="050a" class="mu mv gu mw b mx pe mz na nb pf nd ne nf pg nh ni nj ph nl nm nn pi np nq nr pd oy oz bk">Microservices</li></ul><blockquote class="pa pb pc"><p id="17ae" class="mu mv nt mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk">Edith</p><p id="26e3" class="mu mv nt mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk">Cerberus</p><p id="b205" class="mu mv nt mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk">MasterCard Cipher</p></blockquote><ul class=""><li id="ca40" class="mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr pd oy oz bk">We’ve presented JVM stats, HTTP requests & connection stats from each of these apps via metrics endpoint and made this a scrape target in Prometheus.</li><li id="6af0" class="mu mv gu mw b mx pe mz na nb pf nd ne nf pg nh ni nj ph nl nm nn pi np nq nr pd oy oz bk">We’ve also enabled the JMX port on each of these microservices to monitor them in real-time.</li></ul><h1 id="257e" class="nu nv gu bf nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or bk">Node distribution</h1><p id="ba5a" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx os mz na nb ot nd ne nf ou nh ni nj ov nl nm nn ow np nq nr gn bk"><strong class="mw gv">‘Node’</strong> is a container of a single server where multiple microservices can be run and monitored to successfully process a definite amount of authentication requests. We configured each of these nodes at 64GB RAM & 16 GB processor and deployed them on Kubernetes.</p><p id="a5c0" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk">Each node had several <strong class="mw gv">pods</strong> running within it, which hosted the microservices required for authenticating online transactions. Amongst the microservices, there are three notable ones.</p><ol class=""><li id="2b14" class="mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ox oy oz bk"><strong class="mw gv">Mastercard Connector</strong> — To handle the ACS protocol specific nuances and serve as a connector for the Mastercard card scheme</li><li id="52cd" class="mu mv gu mw b mx pe mz na nb pf nd ne nf pg nh ni nj ph nl nm nn pi np nq nr ox oy oz bk"><strong class="mw gv">Edith</strong> — To orchestrate the intricate authentication plans</li><li id="2a27" class="mu mv gu mw b mx pe mz na nb pf nd ne nf pg nh ni nj ph nl nm nn pi np nq nr ox oy oz bk"><strong class="mw gv">Cerberus </strong>— To serve as the Identity Provider and the core authentication engine</li></ol><h1 id="49b0" class="nu nv gu bf nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or bk">Simulation environment</h1><p id="b335" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx os mz na nb ot nd ne nf ou nh ni nj ov nl nm nn ow np nq nr gn bk">Although processing 1 Million TPS was the objective, we also had to generate that much amount of transaction load for doing that. So, we used Gatling as the load generator. We let the Gatling Master spread across four zones, spread across in Mumbai and Singapore, for running 50 tasks of individual test scripts to authenticate bank transactions coming in from card networks.</p><p id="0c7c" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk">The Gatling injector simulated the interactions that a card network usually has with its ACS provider while authenticating online transactions. It also reproduced the cardholder interactions required for authentication. The system-level simulations are -</p><ol class=""><li id="e7b6" class="mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ox oy oz bk">VEReqs on behalf of the card network</li><li id="17ee" class="mu mv gu mw b mx pe mz na nb pf nd ne nf pg nh ni nj ph nl nm nn pi np nq nr ox oy oz bk">PAReqs on behalf of the card network</li><li id="9133" class="mu mv gu mw b mx pe mz na nb pf nd ne nf pg nh ni nj ph nl nm nn pi np nq nr ox oy oz bk">Challenge-response submissions as performed by cardholders to prove their authenticity</li></ol><p id="dde3" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk">The simulator routed these requests to auto-scalable clusters of Cipher microservices, which were configured with dummy BINs.</p><h1 id="7539" class="nu nv gu bf nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or bk">Authentication flow</h1><p id="c087" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx os mz na nb ot nd ne nf ou nh ni nj ov nl nm nn ow np nq nr gn bk">These are the steps for a successful authentication flow.</p><ol class=""><li id="8ccd" class="mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ox oy oz bk">The simulator verifies (with VEReq) if the card under authentication is enrolled with Cipher. If it is, the simulator initiates the pair authentication request (PAReq) and gets the authentication URL from Cipher.</li><li id="b51c" class="mu mv gu mw b mx pe mz na nb pf nd ne nf pg nh ni nj ph nl nm nn pi np nq nr ox oy oz bk">Gatling simulates the Swipe to Pay (S2P) interaction, generating the necessary credentials required for completing the authentication.</li><li id="3766" class="mu mv gu mw b mx pe mz na nb pf nd ne nf pg nh ni nj ph nl nm nn pi np nq nr ox oy oz bk">Gatling submits the S2P challenge and receives the authentication response.</li><li id="0171" class="mu mv gu mw b mx pe mz na nb pf nd ne nf pg nh ni nj ph nl nm nn pi np nq nr ox oy oz bk">It redirects the control back to the card network module that’s simulated.</li></ol><h1 id="3dbf" class="nu nv gu bf nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or bk">Minimum unit</h1><p id="91e5" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx os mz na nb ot nd ne nf ou nh ni nj ov nl nm nn ow np nq nr gn bk">A minimum unit consisted of a specific number of instances of every microservice. The function of this minimum unit was to handle a definite number of transactions.</p><p id="e56e" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk">To come up with this unit, we tested each microservice individually to get a measure of the number of authentication requests it could serve in a given time period with specific resources allocated to it. The minimum unit that we came up with successfully handled 20K authentication requests.</p><p id="649d" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk">1 minimum unit = 3 units of Edith, 2 units of Mastercard Connector, 2 units of Cerberus</p><figure class="pk pl pm pn po mo mg mh paragraph-image"><div role="button" tabindex="0" class="mp mq fj mr bh ms"><div class="mg mh pj"><picture><source srcSet="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:640/format:webp/0*RLr8jhh9ATGYY7pD 640w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:720/format:webp/0*RLr8jhh9ATGYY7pD 720w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:750/format:webp/0*RLr8jhh9ATGYY7pD 750w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:786/format:webp/0*RLr8jhh9ATGYY7pD 786w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:828/format:webp/0*RLr8jhh9ATGYY7pD 828w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1100/format:webp/0*RLr8jhh9ATGYY7pD 1100w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1400/format:webp/0*RLr8jhh9ATGYY7pD 1400w" sizes="(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" type="image/webp"/><source data-testid="og" srcSet="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:640/0*RLr8jhh9ATGYY7pD 640w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:720/0*RLr8jhh9ATGYY7pD 720w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:750/0*RLr8jhh9ATGYY7pD 750w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:786/0*RLr8jhh9ATGYY7pD 786w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:828/0*RLr8jhh9ATGYY7pD 828w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1100/0*RLr8jhh9ATGYY7pD 1100w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1400/0*RLr8jhh9ATGYY7pD 1400w" sizes="(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px"/><img alt="" class="bh lm mt c" width="700" height="424" loading="lazy" role="presentation"/></picture></div></div></figure><p id="7b1b" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk">Here is the <em class="nt">resource utilization data</em> when Cipher was comfortably serving 20K authentications.</p><figure class="pk pl pm pn po mo mg mh paragraph-image"><div role="button" tabindex="0" class="mp mq fj mr bh ms"><div class="mg mh pj"><picture><source srcSet="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:640/format:webp/0*y6QAPVF6lgSbnk6I 640w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:720/format:webp/0*y6QAPVF6lgSbnk6I 720w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:750/format:webp/0*y6QAPVF6lgSbnk6I 750w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:786/format:webp/0*y6QAPVF6lgSbnk6I 786w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:828/format:webp/0*y6QAPVF6lgSbnk6I 828w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1100/format:webp/0*y6QAPVF6lgSbnk6I 1100w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1400/format:webp/0*y6QAPVF6lgSbnk6I 1400w" sizes="(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" type="image/webp"/><source data-testid="og" srcSet="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:640/0*y6QAPVF6lgSbnk6I 640w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:720/0*y6QAPVF6lgSbnk6I 720w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:750/0*y6QAPVF6lgSbnk6I 750w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:786/0*y6QAPVF6lgSbnk6I 786w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:828/0*y6QAPVF6lgSbnk6I 828w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1100/0*y6QAPVF6lgSbnk6I 1100w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1400/0*y6QAPVF6lgSbnk6I 1400w" sizes="(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px"/><img alt="" class="bh lm mt c" width="700" height="248" loading="lazy" role="presentation"/></picture></div></div></figure><figure class="pk pl pm pn po mo mg mh paragraph-image"><div role="button" tabindex="0" class="mp mq fj mr bh ms"><div class="mg mh pj"><picture><source srcSet="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:640/format:webp/0*U_JiprQNkNnu53yW 640w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:720/format:webp/0*U_JiprQNkNnu53yW 720w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:750/format:webp/0*U_JiprQNkNnu53yW 750w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:786/format:webp/0*U_JiprQNkNnu53yW 786w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:828/format:webp/0*U_JiprQNkNnu53yW 828w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1100/format:webp/0*U_JiprQNkNnu53yW 1100w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1400/format:webp/0*U_JiprQNkNnu53yW 1400w" sizes="(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" type="image/webp"/><source data-testid="og" srcSet="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:640/0*U_JiprQNkNnu53yW 640w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:720/0*U_JiprQNkNnu53yW 720w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:750/0*U_JiprQNkNnu53yW 750w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:786/0*U_JiprQNkNnu53yW 786w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:828/0*U_JiprQNkNnu53yW 828w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1100/0*U_JiprQNkNnu53yW 1100w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1400/0*U_JiprQNkNnu53yW 1400w" sizes="(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px"/><img alt="" class="bh lm mt c" width="700" height="233" loading="lazy" role="presentation"/></picture></div></div></figure><h1 id="827c" class="nu nv gu bf nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or bk">Scaling of the minimum unit</h1><p id="c0c7" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx os mz na nb ot nd ne nf ou nh ni nj ov nl nm nn ow np nq nr gn bk">Now that we had a stable unit that could serve 20K TPS comfortably, we scaled it to accommodate additional authentication requests. We used this unit as the base reference for serving transaction requests from one issuer.</p><p id="a8b1" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk">With this logic in place, we scaled the minimum unit up to 50 such units, handling 20K TPS each, to serve 50 issuers, leading up to 1 Million TPS. The 4 Gatling servers simulated the load for 500 distinct BINs spread across 50 issuers, each having 1,00,000 cards. The entire setup, consisting of 4 Kubernetes clusters, spanned across 2 AWS regions with two availability zones, respectively.</p><figure class="pk pl pm pn po mo mg mh paragraph-image"><div role="button" tabindex="0" class="mp mq fj mr bh ms"><div class="mg mh pj"><picture><source srcSet="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:640/format:webp/0*n3d0Ihz76rAoRtbm 640w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:720/format:webp/0*n3d0Ihz76rAoRtbm 720w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:750/format:webp/0*n3d0Ihz76rAoRtbm 750w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:786/format:webp/0*n3d0Ihz76rAoRtbm 786w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:828/format:webp/0*n3d0Ihz76rAoRtbm 828w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1100/format:webp/0*n3d0Ihz76rAoRtbm 1100w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1400/format:webp/0*n3d0Ihz76rAoRtbm 1400w" sizes="(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" type="image/webp"/><source data-testid="og" srcSet="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:640/0*n3d0Ihz76rAoRtbm 640w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:720/0*n3d0Ihz76rAoRtbm 720w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:750/0*n3d0Ihz76rAoRtbm 750w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:786/0*n3d0Ihz76rAoRtbm 786w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:828/0*n3d0Ihz76rAoRtbm 828w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1100/0*n3d0Ihz76rAoRtbm 1100w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1400/0*n3d0Ihz76rAoRtbm 1400w" sizes="(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px"/><img alt="" class="bh lm mt c" width="700" height="484" loading="lazy" role="presentation"/></picture></div></div></figure><p id="eab3" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk">With AWS, the nodes aren’t scalable within minutes. But since we had to attain that, we warmed up the nodes by scaling up the pods. We used 350 of the pods within 100 nodes to handle the heavy load of 1 Million authentication requests. When the load was less, we scaled down the nodes by cutting down the pods based on the resource utilization factors using Horizontal Pod Autoscaler.</p><p id="eaef" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk"><em class="nt">Footnote:</em></p><ol class=""><li id="b071" class="mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ox oy oz bk">The authentication’s write I/O was done asynchronously considering the purpose of the live demonstration.</li><li id="5a3e" class="mu mv gu mw b mx pe mz na nb pf nd ne nf pg nh ni nj ph nl nm nn pi np nq nr ox oy oz bk">Three requests effectively make one authentication.</li></ol><p id="12b8" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk">If you’d like to check out the test data that we used for simulating authentications, it is available for reference <a class="af ns" href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/18vM6sj6wgcfw-X2DIKelwZn-4UHE8c2De1OSeqh0eQo/edit?usp=sharing" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">here</a>.</p><h1 id="517f" class="nu nv gu bf nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or bk">Conclusion</h1><p id="4ce0" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx os mz na nb ot nd ne nf ou nh ni nj ov nl nm nn ow np nq nr gn bk">It took our team of 8 people only 9 days to successfully deliver the desired results. We’re glad to have made some key decisions during this process that allowed us to quickly achieve what we wanted — like choosing AWS, Kubernetes, and Gatling Enterprise. We hope to work on several such innovative initiatives that redefine the future of payments in our country and beyond. Thanks for reading and hope you found this helpful!</p><p id="2f44" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk"><strong class="mw gv">Credits</strong></p><p id="61f9" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk"><em class="nt">Developers who made this feat possible</em> — <span class="in"><span class="in" aria-hidden="false"><a class="pp io fe" href="https://medium.com/u/af0ca1e40ca2?source=post_page---user_mention--30699cc273dc--------------------------------" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Mrinal Trivedi</a></span></span>, <span class="in"><span class="in" aria-hidden="false"><a class="pp io fe" href="https://medium.com/u/81a6ab14ba84?source=post_page---user_mention--30699cc273dc--------------------------------" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Amit Raj</a></span></span>, <span class="in"><span class="in" aria-hidden="false"><a class="pp io fe" href="https://medium.com/u/a5de0a2c4fc8?source=post_page---user_mention--30699cc273dc--------------------------------" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Ramki Gaddipati</a></span></span>, <span class="in"><span class="in" aria-hidden="false"><a class="pp io fe" href="https://medium.com/u/70327379897f?source=post_page---user_mention--30699cc273dc--------------------------------" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Dipit Grover</a></span></span>, Amit G, Shubham Jha, <span class="in"><span class="in" aria-hidden="false"><a class="pp io fe" href="https://medium.com/u/a517d95cce54?source=post_page---user_mention--30699cc273dc--------------------------------" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Vivek</a></span></span> G, Mohd. Tanveer, Shaik <span class="in"><span class="in" aria-hidden="false"><a class="pp io fe" href="https://medium.com/u/66663b64e720?source=post_page---user_mention--30699cc273dc--------------------------------" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Idris Ali</a></span></span></p><p id="b0de" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mu mv gu mw b mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr gn bk"><em class="nt">Author</em> — <span class="in"><span class="in" aria-hidden="false"><a class="pp io fe" href="https://medium.com/u/d558dad921b?source=post_page---user_mention--30699cc273dc--------------------------------" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Preethi Shreeya</a></span></span>, <span class="in"><span class="in" aria-hidden="false"><a class="pp io fe" href="https://medium.com/u/fd174b1c67b8?source=post_page---user_mention--30699cc273dc--------------------------------" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Phani Marupaka</a></span></span></p></div></div></div></div></section></div></div></article></div><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"><div class="pq pr ab iv"><div class="ps ab"><a class="pt ay am ao" href="https://medium.com/tag/fintech?source=post_page-----30699cc273dc--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="pu fj cx pv ge pw px bf b bg z bk py">Fintech</div></a></div><div class="ps ab"><a class="pt ay am ao" href="https://medium.com/tag/technology?source=post_page-----30699cc273dc--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="pu fj cx pv ge pw px bf b bg z bk py">Technology</div></a></div><div class="ps ab"><a class="pt ay am ao" href="https://medium.com/tag/payments?source=post_page-----30699cc273dc--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="pu fj cx pv ge pw px bf b bg z bk py">Payments</div></a></div><div class="ps ab"><a class="pt ay am ao" 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We’re glad to have made some key decisions during this process that allowed us to quickly achieve what we wanted — like choosing AWS, Kubernetes, and Gatling Enterprise. We hope to work on several such innovative initiatives that redefine the future of payments in our country and beyond. 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