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賳賯丕卮:鬲氐賲賷賲 丕賱爻賱丕丨 丕賱賳賵賵賷 - 賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕
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ext-discussiontools-visualenhancements-enabled ext-discussiontools-visualenhancements_reply-enabled ext-discussiontools-visualenhancements_pageframe-enabled skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki rtl sitedir-rtl mw-hide-empty-elt ns-1 ns-talk mw-editable page-賳賯丕卮_鬲氐賲賷賲_丕賱爻賱丕丨_丕賱賳賵賵賷 rootpage-賳賯丕卮_鬲氐賲賷賲_丕賱爻賱丕丨_丕賱賳賵賵賷 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">丕賳鬲賯賱 廿賱賶 丕賱賲丨鬲賵賶</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="丕賱賲賵賯毓"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="丕賱賯丕卅賲丞 丕賱乇卅賷爻賷丞" > <label 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>丿禺賵賱</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 氐賮丨丕鬲 賱賱賲丨乇乇賷賳 丕賱匕賷賳 爻噩賻賾賱賵丕 禺乇賵噩賴賲 <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A9:%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A9" aria-label="鬲毓賱賻賾賲 丕賱賲夭賷丿 亘禺氐賵氐 丕賱鬲丨乇賷乇"><span>鬲毓賱賻賾賲 丕賱賲夭賷丿</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A" title="賯丕卅賲丞 亘鬲毓丿賷賱丕鬲 賯丕賲 亘賴丕 毓賳賵丕賳 丕賱丌賷 亘賷 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>賲爻丕賴賲丕鬲</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%8A" title="賳賯丕卮 丨賵賱 丕賱鬲毓丿賷賱丕鬲 賲賳 毓賳賵丕賳 丕賱兀賷亘賷 賴匕丕 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>賳賯丕卮</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> 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href=\"/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81:%D9%85%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AD_%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_2023\" title=\"鬲氐賳賷賮:賲匕丕亘丨 禺賱丕賱 丕賱丨乇亘 丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷丞 丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷丞 2023\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"color:red\"\u003E賱賯鬲賱 丕賱賲丿賳賷賷賳\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E \n\u003Cb\u003E賱丕 \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%81%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A\" title=\"賲噩夭乇丞 賲爻鬲卮賮賶 丕賱賲毓賲丿丕賳賷\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"color:red\"\u003E賱丕爻鬲賴丿丕賮 丕賱賲爻鬲卮賮賷丕鬲 賵丕賱賲丿丕乇爻\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E .... \u003Cb\u003E賱丕 \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%82%D8%B5%D9%89#丕賱丿毓丕賷丞_丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷丞\" title=\"毓賲賱賷丞 胤賵賮丕賳 丕賱兀賯氐賶\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"color:red\"\u003E賱賱鬲囟賱賷賱 賵丕賱賰賷賱 亘賲賰賷丕賱賷賳\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\n\u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D9%88%D9%82%D9%81_%D8%A5%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9_2023\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"賵賯賮 廿胤賱丕賯 丕賱賳丕乇 賮賷 睾夭丞 2023\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"color:white\"\u003E兀賵賯賮賵丕 丕賱丨乇亘\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/a\u003E .... 賵丕賳卮乇賵丕 丕賱爻賱丕賲 丕賱毓丕丿賱 賵丕賱卮丕賲賱\u003C/b\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\n\n\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="丕賱賲賵賯毓"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">賳賯丕卮</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">鬲氐賲賷賲 丕賱爻賱丕丨 丕賱賳賵賵賷</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang mw-portlet-lang-icon-only" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector-empty" aria-label="賴匕賴 丕賱賲賯丕賱丞 鬲鬲賵丕噩丿 賮賯胤 賮賷 賴匕賴 丕賱賱睾丞. 兀囟賮賴丕 廿賱賶 丕賱賱睾丕鬲 丕賱兀禺乇賶." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-portlet-lang-heading-empty" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">兀囟賮 賱睾丕鬲</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="mw-portlet-empty-language-selector-body"> 賲丨鬲賵賷丕鬲 丕賱氐賮丨丞 睾賷乇 賲丿毓賵賲丞 亘賱睾丕鬲 兀禺乇賶. </div> </div> </div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4:%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A&action=edit&section=new" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection" data-event-name="addsection-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>兀囟賮 賲賵囟賵毓賸丕</span> </a> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="賳胤丕賯丕鬲"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A" title="丕毓乇囟 氐賮丨丞 丕賱賲丨鬲賵賶 [c]" accesskey="c"><span>賲賯丕賱丞</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4:%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A" rel="discussion" title="賳賯丕卮 氐賮丨丞 丕賱賲丨鬲賵賶 [t]" accesskey="t"><span>賳賯丕卮</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="睾賷賾乇 賱賴噩丞 丕賱賱睾丞" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">丕賱毓乇亘賷丞</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="賲毓丕賷賳丞"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4:%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A"><span>丕賯乇兀</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="istalk vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4:%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A&action=edit" title="毓丿賱 丕賱賰賵丿 丕賱賲氐丿乇賷 賱賴匕賴 丕賱氐賮丨丞 [e]" accesskey="e"><span>毓丿賱 丕賱賲氐丿乇</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4:%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A&action=history" title="丕賱賳爻禺 丕賱爻丕亘賯丞 賱賴匕賴 丕賱氐賮丨丞 [h]" accesskey="h"><span>鬲丕乇賷禺</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="兀丿賵丕鬲 丕賱氐賮丨丞"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="兀丿賵丕鬲" > 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">丕賳賯賱 賱賱卮乇賷胤 丕賱噩丕賳亘賷</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">兀禺賮</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="丕賱賲夭賷丿 賲賳 丕賱禺賷丕乇丕鬲" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 廿噩乇丕亍丕鬲 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4:%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A"><span>丕賯乇兀</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="istalk vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a 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.talkheader-help{background-color:#101418}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .talkheader-help{background-color:#101418}}</style><table role="presentation" class="tmbox tmbox-notice talkheader plainlinks" id="talkheader" style="border-collapse: separate;"><tbody><tr> <td style="border-bottom: 2px solid #c0c090; font-weight: bold;">賴匕賴 <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%A5%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:廿乇卮丕丿丕鬲 氐賮丨丞 丕賱賳賯丕卮">氐賮丨丞 丕賱賳賯丕卮</a> 丕賱賲禺氐氐丞 賱賱鬲丨丕賵乇 亘禺氐賵氐 丕賱鬲丨爻賷賳丕鬲 毓賱賶 賲賯丕賱丞 <a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A" title="鬲氐賲賷賲 丕賱爻賱丕丨 丕賱賳賵賵賷">鬲氐賲賷賲 丕賱爻賱丕丨 丕賱賳賵賵賷</a>.<br/> 賴匕丕 <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA#賲賳鬲丿賶" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕 賱賷爻鬲">賱賷爻 賲賳鬲丿賶</a> 賱賱賳賯丕卮 丕賱毓丕賲 丨賵賱 賲賵囟賵毓 丕賱賲賯丕賱.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div class="talkheader-body"> <div class="talkheader-help"> <ul><li>囟毓 丕賱賳氐 丕賱噩丿賷丿 兀爻賮賱 丕賱賳氐 丕賱賯丿賷賲. <strong><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%82%D8%B3%D9%85_%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4:%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A" title="禺丕氐:賯爻賲 噩丿賷丿/賳賯丕卮:鬲氐賲賷賲 丕賱爻賱丕丨 丕賱賳賵賵賷">丕囟睾胤 賴賳丕 賱賱亘丿亍 賲賵囟賵毓 噩丿賷丿.</a></strong></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%B9" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:鬲賵賯賷毓">賵賯賽賾毓</a> 毓賳丿 丕賱丕賳鬲賴丕亍 賲賳 賰賱 賲丿丕禺賱丞 亘賰鬲丕亘丞 兀乇亘毓 賲丿丕鬲 <i><code>~~~~</code></i></li> <li>賴賱 兀賳鬲 噩丿賷丿 賮賷 賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕責 賲乇丨亘丕賸 亘賰! <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A9" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:賲賯丿賲丞">鬲毓賱賲 賰賷賮賷丞 丕賱鬲丨乇賷乇</a>貨 <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A9:%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%A6%D9%84%D8%A9_(%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%AD)" title="賲爻丕毓丿丞:兀爻卅賱丞 (鬲賵囟賷丨)">丕丨氐賱 毓賱賶 賲爻丕毓丿丞</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="talkheader-policies"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:丕賮鬲乇囟 丨爻賳 丕賱賳賷丞">丕賮鬲乇囟 丨爻賳 丕賱賳賷丞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%A3%D8%AF%D8%A8" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:兀丿亘">賰賳 賲賴匕亘丕</a>貨 <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%84%D8%A7_%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%8A" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:賱丕 賱賱賴噩賵賲 丕賱卮禺氐賷">鬲噩賳亘 丕賱賴噩賲丕鬲 丕賱卮禺氐賷丞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%85%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%B6%D9%84%D9%83_%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B0%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%AF%D8%AF" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:賲賳 賮囟賱賰 賱丕 鬲毓匕亘 丕賱賯丕丿賲賷賳 丕賱噩丿丿">乇丨賾亘 亘丕賱賵丕賮丿賷賳 丕賱噩丿丿</a></li></ul> </div><div class="talkheader-policies"> <div><b>爻賷丕爻丕鬲 丕賱賲賯丕賱丞</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A9" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:賵噩賴丞 丕賱賳馗乇 丕賱賲丨丕賷丿丞">賵噩賴丞 賳馗乇 賲丨丕賷丿丞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%A3%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AB_%D8%A3%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:賱丕 兀亘丨丕孬 兀氐賷賱丞">賱丕 兀亘丨丕孬 兀氐賱賷丞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%A5%D9%85%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%82" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:廿賲賰丕賳賷丞 丕賱鬲丨賯賯">廿賲賰丕賳賷丞 丕賱鬲丨賯賯</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> </td> </tr><tr><td style="border-top: 1px solid #c0c090; padding: 1px 3px;"><span class="plainlinks"><i>噩賽丿 賲氐丕丿乇:</i>聽<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A%22">噩賵噩賱</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A%22+-wikipedia">賰鬲亘</a>聽<b>路</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">兀禺亘丕乇</a>聽<b>路</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A%22">丕賱亘丕丨孬 丕賱毓賱賲賷</a>聽<b>路</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?safe=off&tbs=sur:fmc&tbm=isch&q=%22%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A%22+-site:wikipedia.org+-site:wikimedia.org">氐賵乇 丨乇丞</a>聽<b>路</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/custom?hl=en&cx=007734830908295939403%3Agalkqgoksq0&cof=FORID%3A13%3BAH%3Aleft%3BCX%3AWikipedia%2520Reference%2520Search&q=%22%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A%22">賲氐丕丿乇聽賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕</a>)聽<b>路</b> <span title="Free English newspaper sources" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources">賲氐丕丿乇 丕賱氐丨賮 丕賱廿賳噩賱賷夭賷丞 丕賱丨乇丞</a></span>聽<b>路</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A%22&acc=on&wc=on">賲賵賯毓 JSTOR</a>聽<b>路</b> <span title="The New York Times" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/search/%22%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A%22"><i>賳賷賵賷賵乇賰 鬲丕賷賲夭</i></a></span>聽<b>路</b> <span title="The Wikipedia Library" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/search/?q=%22%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A%22">賲賰鬲亘丞聽賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕</a></span></span></td></tr> </tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68202888"><style 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/WikiProject_Council_with_transparent_background.svg/32px-WikiProject_Council_with_transparent_background.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/WikiProject_Council_with_transparent_background.svg/48px-WikiProject_Council_with_transparent_background.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/WikiProject_Council_with_transparent_background.svg/64px-WikiProject_Council_with_transparent_background.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="459"/></a></span></td> <td class="mbox-text banner-shell-header"><span class="collapseButton" style="float:left;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽</span></span><span class="collapseButton" style="float:left;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽</span></span>丕賱賲賯丕賱丞 囟賲賳 賲噩丕賱 丕賴鬲賲丕賲 <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9_%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:賲卮丕乇賷毓 賵賷賰賷">賲卮丕乇賷毓 丕賱賵賷賰賷</a> 丕賱鬲丕賱賷丞: </td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2" class="banner-shell-inner outercollapse"> <table class="tmbox tmbox-notice collapsible innercollapse wpb" style="height:0;"> <tbody><tr class="wpb-header"> <td style="text-align:left; padding:0.3em 1em 0.3em 0.3em; width:50%; font-weight:bold;"> <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B9_%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:賲卮乇賵毓 賵賷賰賷 鬲賯賳賷丞">賲卮乇賵毓 賵賷賰賷 鬲賯賳賷丞</a> </td><th style="text-align:right; width:50%; padding:0.3em 0.3em 0.3em 0;">(賲賯賷賾賲丞 亘匕丕鬲 氐賳賮 亘)</th> <td class="mbox-empty-cell"><span class="metadata" style="display:none; speak:none;"><span class="wpb-project">鬲賯賳賷丞</span><span class="wpb-project_link">賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:賲卮乇賵毓 賵賷賰賷 鬲賯賳賷丞</span><span class="wpb-banner_name">賯丕賱亘:賲卮乇賵毓 賵賷賰賷 鬲賯賳賷丞</span><span class="wpb-assessment_cat">賲賯丕賱丕鬲 鬲賯賳賷丞</span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="mbox-text" style="padding:3px 0 3px 5px;" colspan="2"> <table style="background:transparent; border:none; padding:0; width:100%; border-spacing:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image" style="padding:2px 2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%81:Nuvola_apps_kcmsystem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="兀賷賯賵賳丞 賲卮乇賵毓 丕賱賵賷賰賷" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Nuvola_apps_kcmsystem.svg/70px-Nuvola_apps_kcmsystem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Nuvola_apps_kcmsystem.svg/105px-Nuvola_apps_kcmsystem.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Nuvola_apps_kcmsystem.svg/140px-Nuvola_apps_kcmsystem.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128"/></a></span></td><td 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style="float:right; clear:right; margin:-1em 0.1em; display:none;;padding:1px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"></table></div>丕賱賲賯丕賱丞 賲賳 囟賲賳 賲賵丕囟賷毓 <b><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B9_%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:賲卮乇賵毓 賵賷賰賷 鬲賯賳賷丞">賲卮乇賵毓 賵賷賰賷 鬲賯賳賷丞</a></b>貙 賵賴賵 賲卮乇賵毓賹 鬲毓丕賵賳賷賹賾 賷賴丿賮 賱鬲胤賵賷乇 賵鬲睾胤賷丞 丕賱賲丨鬲賵賷丕鬲 丕賱賲購鬲毓賱賾賯丞 <a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="鬲賯賳賷丞">亘鬲賯賳賷丞</a> 賮賷 賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕. 廿匕丕 兀乇丿鬲 丕賱賲爻丕賴賲丞貙 賮囟賱賸丕 夭乇 氐賮丨丞 丕賱賲卮乇賵毓貙 丨賷孬 賷購賲賰賳賰 丕賱賲卮丕乇賰丞 賮賷 <a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4_%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B9_%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="賳賯丕卮 賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:賲卮乇賵毓 賵賷賰賷 鬲賯賳賷丞">丕賱賳賯丕卮丕鬲</a> 賵賲胤丕賱毓丞 賯丕卅賲丞 亘丕賱賲賴丕賲 丕賱鬲賷 賷購賲賰賳 丕賱毓賲賱 毓賱賷賴丕.</td><td class="mbox-empty-cell"></td></tr><tr> <td class="assess assess-亘" style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold; background: #b2ff66;" rowspan="1"><span style="display:none;" title="賲賯丕賱丞 賲賳 氐賳賮 亘"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%81:Symbol_b_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="賲賯丕賱丞 賲賳 氐賳賮 亘"><img alt="賲賯丕賱丞 賲賳 氐賳賮 亘" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Symbol_b_class.svg/16px-Symbol_b_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Symbol_b_class.svg/24px-Symbol_b_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Symbol_b_class.svg/32px-Symbol_b_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185"/></a></span></span>聽<a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81:%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%81_%D8%A8" title="鬲氐賳賷賮:賲賯丕賱丕鬲 鬲賯賳賷丞 匕丕鬲 氐賳賮 亘">亘</a>聽</td> <td class="mbox-text" colspan="2">丕賱賲賯丕賱丞 賯丿 賯購賷賾賲鬲 <b>亘匕丕鬲 氐賳賮 亘</b> 丨爻亘 <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B9_%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9/%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA#賲賯賷丕爻_丕賱噩賵丿丞" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:賲卮乇賵毓 賵賷賰賷 鬲賯賳賷丞/丿賱賷賱 丕賱鬲賯丿賷乇丕鬲">賲賯賷丕爻 丕賱噩賵丿丞</a> 丕賱禺丕氐 亘丕賱賲卮乇賵毓.</td></tr><tr> <td class="import import-睾賷乇 賲毓乇賵賮丞" style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold; background:transparent;">聽<a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81:%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%87%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="鬲氐賳賷賮:賲賯丕賱丕鬲 鬲賯賳賷丞 睾賷乇 賲毓乇賵賮丞 丕賱兀賴賲賷丞">責責責</a>聽</td> <td class="mbox-text" colspan="2">丕賱賲賯丕賱丞 賱賲 鬲購賯賷賾賲 亘毓丿 丨爻亘 <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B9_%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9/%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA#賲賯賷丕爻_丕賱兀賴賲賷丞" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:賲卮乇賵毓 賵賷賰賷 鬲賯賳賷丞/丿賱賷賱 丕賱鬲賯丿賷乇丕鬲">賲賯賷丕爻 丕賱兀賴賲賷丞</a> 丕賱禺丕氐 亘丕賱賲卮乇賵毓.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:0;"><table style="width:100%; background:transparent;"> <tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image" style="padding:2px 0 0 0; min-width:80px;"> <span style="display:none;">聽</span></td><td></td><td></td> </tr><tr><td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%81:Emblem-readnews.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="兀賷賯賵賳丞 賲賱丕丨馗丞" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Emblem-readnews.svg/25px-Emblem-readnews.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Emblem-readnews.svg/38px-Emblem-readnews.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Emblem-readnews.svg/50px-Emblem-readnews.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td><td class="mbox-text" colspan="2">賴匕賴 丕賱賲賯丕賱丞 賯丿 賯購賷賾賲鬲 丌賱賷賸賾丕 亘賵丕爻胤丞 <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:亘賵鬲">亘賵鬲</a> 兀賵 兀丿丕丞賺 兀禺乇賶 賱兀賳 賲卮乇賵毓賸丕 兀賵 兀賰孬乇 賷爻鬲禺丿賲 賴匕丕 丕賱氐賳賮. 賮囟賱賸丕 鬲兀賰丿 兀賳 丕賱鬲賯賷賷賲 氐丨賷丨賹 賯亘賱 兀賳 鬲夭賷賱 賵爻賷胤 <code class="nowrap">|丌賱賷=</code>.</td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td class="mbox-empty-cell"></td> </tr></tbody></table> <table class="tmbox tmbox-notice collapsible innercollapse wpb" style="height:0;"> <tbody><tr class="wpb-header"> <td style="text-align:left; padding:0.3em 1em 0.3em 0.3em; width:50%; font-weight:bold;"> <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B9_%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A_%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:賲卮乇賵毓 賵賷賰賷 賮賷夭賷丕亍">賲卮乇賵毓 賵賷賰賷 賮賷夭賷丕亍</a> </td><th style="text-align:right; width:50%; padding:0.3em 0.3em 0.3em 0;">(賲賯賷賾賲丞 亘匕丕鬲 氐賳賮 亘貙 賲鬲賵爻胤丞 丕賱兀賴賲賷丞)</th> <td class="mbox-empty-cell"><span class="metadata" style="display:none; speak:none;"><span class="wpb-project">賮賷夭賷丕亍</span><span class="wpb-project_link">賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:賲卮乇賵毓 賵賷賰賷 賮賷夭賷丕亍</span><span class="wpb-banner_name">賯丕賱亘:賲卮乇賵毓 賵賷賰賷 賮賷夭賷丕亍</span><span class="wpb-assessment_cat">賲賯丕賱丕鬲 賮賷夭賷丕亍</span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="mbox-text" style="padding:3px 0 3px 5px;" colspan="2"> <table style="background:transparent; border:none; padding:0; width:100%; border-spacing:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image" style="padding:2px 2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%81:P_physics.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="兀賷賯賵賳丞 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class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Circle-icons-physics-logo.svg/42px-Circle-icons-physics-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Circle-icons-physics-logo.svg/56px-Circle-icons-physics-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9:%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="亘賵丕亘丞:丕賱賮賷夭賷丕亍">亘賵丕亘丞 丕賱賮賷夭賷丕亍</a></span></li></ul><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68124052"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="float:right; clear:right; margin:-1em 0.1em; display:none;;padding:1px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"></table></div>丕賱賲賯丕賱丞 賲賳 囟賲賳 賲賵丕囟賷毓 <b><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B9_%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A_%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:賲卮乇賵毓 賵賷賰賷 賮賷夭賷丕亍">賲卮乇賵毓 賵賷賰賷 賮賷夭賷丕亍</a></b>貙 賵賴賵 賲卮乇賵毓賹 鬲毓丕賵賳賷賹賾 賷賴丿賮 賱鬲胤賵賷乇 賵鬲睾胤賷丞 丕賱賲丨鬲賵賷丕鬲 丕賱賲購鬲毓賱賾賯丞 <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="丕賱賮賷夭賷丕亍">亘丕賱賮賷夭賷丕亍</a> 賮賷 賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕. 廿匕丕 兀乇丿鬲 丕賱賲爻丕賴賲丞貙 賮囟賱賸丕 夭乇 氐賮丨丞 丕賱賲卮乇賵毓貙 丨賷孬 賷購賲賰賳賰 丕賱賲卮丕乇賰丞 賮賷 <a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4_%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B9_%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A_%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="賳賯丕卮 賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:賲卮乇賵毓 賵賷賰賷 賮賷夭賷丕亍">丕賱賳賯丕卮丕鬲</a> 賵賲胤丕賱毓丞 賯丕卅賲丞 亘丕賱賲賴丕賲 丕賱鬲賷 賷購賲賰賳 丕賱毓賲賱 毓賱賷賴丕.</td><td class="mbox-empty-cell"></td></tr><tr> <td class="assess assess-亘" style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold; background: #b2ff66;" rowspan="1"><span style="display:none;" title="賲賯丕賱丞 賲賳 氐賳賮 亘"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%81:Symbol_b_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="賲賯丕賱丞 賲賳 氐賳賮 亘"><img alt="賲賯丕賱丞 賲賳 氐賳賮 亘" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Symbol_b_class.svg/16px-Symbol_b_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Symbol_b_class.svg/24px-Symbol_b_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Symbol_b_class.svg/32px-Symbol_b_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185"/></a></span></span>聽<a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81:%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%81_%D8%A8" title="鬲氐賳賷賮:賲賯丕賱丕鬲 賮賷夭賷丕亍 匕丕鬲 氐賳賮 亘">亘</a>聽</td> <td class="mbox-text" colspan="2">丕賱賲賯丕賱丞 賯丿 賯購賷賾賲鬲 <b>亘匕丕鬲 氐賳賮 亘</b> 丨爻亘 <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B9_%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A_%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1/%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA#賲賯賷丕爻_丕賱噩賵丿丞" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:賲卮乇賵毓 賵賷賰賷 賮賷夭賷丕亍/丿賱賷賱 丕賱鬲賯丿賷乇丕鬲">賲賯賷丕爻 丕賱噩賵丿丞</a> 丕賱禺丕氐 亘丕賱賲卮乇賵毓.</td></tr><tr> <td class="import import-賲鬲賵爻胤丞" style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold; background: #ffbbff;">聽<a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81:%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%87%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="鬲氐賳賷賮:賲賯丕賱丕鬲 賮賷夭賷丕亍 賲鬲賵爻胤丞 丕賱兀賴賲賷丞">賲鬲賵爻胤丞</a>聽</td> <td class="mbox-text" colspan="2">丕賱賲賯丕賱丞 賯丿 賯購賷賾賲鬲 亘兀賳賴丕 <b>賲鬲賵爻胤丞 丕賱兀賴賲賷丞</b> 丨爻亘 <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B9_%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A_%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1/%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA#賲賯賷丕爻_丕賱兀賴賲賷丞" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:賲卮乇賵毓 賵賷賰賷 賮賷夭賷丕亍/丿賱賷賱 丕賱鬲賯丿賷乇丕鬲">賲賯賷丕爻 丕賱兀賴賲賷丞</a> 丕賱禺丕氐 亘丕賱賲卮乇賵毓.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:0;"><table style="width:100%; background:transparent;"> <tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image" style="padding:2px 0 0 0; min-width:80px;"> <span style="display:none;">聽</span></td><td></td><td></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td class="mbox-empty-cell"></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw鈥恮eb.codfw.main鈥恌69cdc8f6鈥恈bh7h Cached time: 20241123014843 Cache expiry: 864000 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary鈥恟evision鈥恑d] DiscussionTools time usage: 0.012 seconds CPU time usage: 0.466 seconds Real time usage: 0.615 seconds 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> <div class="ext-discussiontools-emptystate"><div class="ext-discussiontools-emptystate-text"><h3>丕賱亘丿亍 賮賷 賳賯丕卮 丨賵賱 鬲氐賲賷賲 丕賱爻賱丕丨 丕賱賳賵賵賷</h3><div class="plainlinks"><p><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A9:%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4" title="賲爻丕毓丿丞:氐賮丨丕鬲 丕賱賳賯丕卮">氐賮丨丕鬲 丕賱賳賯丕卮</a> 賴賷 丕賱賲賰丕賳 丕賱匕賷 賷賳丕賯卮 賮賷賴 丕賱賲爻鬲禺丿賲賵賳 賰賷賮賷丞 鬲胤賵賷乇 丕賱賲丨鬲賵賶 賮賷 賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕 亘兀丨爻賳 胤乇賷賯丞 賲賲賰賳丞. 賷賲賰賳賰賻 丕爻鬲禺丿丕賲 氐賮丨丞 丕賱賳賯丕卮 賴匕賴 賱亘丿亍 賳賯丕卮 賲毓 丕賱丌禺乇賷賳 丨賵賱 賰賷賮賷丞 鬲胤賵賷乇 賵鬲丨爻賷賳 氐賮丨丞 <a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A" title="鬲氐賲賷賲 丕賱爻賱丕丨 丕賱賳賵賵賷">鬲氐賲賷賲 丕賱爻賱丕丨 丕賱賳賵賵賷</a>. </p></div><span class='oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-framed oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-flaggedElement-primary oo-ui-flaggedElement-progressive oo-ui-buttonWidget'><a role='button' tabindex='0' href='/w/index.php?title=%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4:%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A&action=edit&section=new' rel='nofollow' class='oo-ui-buttonElement-button'><span class='oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-iconElement-noIcon oo-ui-image-invert'></span><span class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'>亘賻丿賿亍 賳賯丕卮</span><span class='oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator oo-ui-image-invert'></span></a></span></div><img src="/w/extensions/DiscussionTools/images/emptystate.svg" class="ext-discussiontools-emptystate-logo" alt=""></div></div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">賲噩賱賵亘丞 賲賳 芦<a dir="ltr" href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=賳賯丕卮:鬲氐賲賷賲_丕賱爻賱丕丨_丕賱賳賵賵賷&oldid=42190219">https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=賳賯丕卮:鬲氐賲賷賲_丕賱爻賱丕丨_丕賱賳賵賵賷&oldid=42190219</a>禄</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD" title="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕:鬲氐賮丨">鬲氐賳賷賮丕鬲</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81:%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%81_%D8%A8" title="鬲氐賳賷賮:賲賯丕賱丕鬲 鬲賯賳賷丞 匕丕鬲 氐賳賮 亘">賲賯丕賱丕鬲 鬲賯賳賷丞 匕丕鬲 氐賳賮 亘</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81:%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%87%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="鬲氐賳賷賮:賲賯丕賱丕鬲 鬲賯賳賷丞 睾賷乇 賲毓乇賵賮丞 丕賱兀賴賲賷丞">賲賯丕賱丕鬲 鬲賯賳賷丞 睾賷乇 賲毓乇賵賮丞 丕賱兀賴賲賷丞</a></li><li><a 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