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current</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: direct current"> <meta name="keywords" content="direct current"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="direct current"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 11790</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: direct current</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11790</span> A ZVT-ZCT-PWM DC-DC Boost Converter with Direct Power Transfer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naim%20Suleyman%20Ting">Naim Suleyman Ting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yakup%20Sahin"> Yakup Sahin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismail%20Aksoy"> Ismail Aksoy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a zero voltage transition-zero current transition (ZVT-ZCT)-PWM DC-DC boost converter with direct power transfer. In this converter, the main switch turns on with ZVT and turns off with ZCT. The auxiliary switch turns on and off with zero current switching (ZCS). The main diode turns on with ZVS and turns off with ZCS. Besides, the additional current or voltage stress does not occur on the main device. The converter has features as simple structure, fast dynamic response and easy control. Also, the proposed converter has direct power transfer feature as well as excellent soft switching techniques. In this study, the operating principle of the converter is presented and its operation is verified for 1 kW and 100 kHz model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20power%20transfer" title="direct power transfer">direct power transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boost%20converter" title=" boost converter"> boost converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero-voltage%20transition" title=" zero-voltage transition"> zero-voltage transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero-current%20transition" title=" zero-current transition"> zero-current transition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45333/a-zvt-zct-pwm-dc-dc-boost-converter-with-direct-power-transfer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45333.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">822</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11789</span> Sequential Data Assimilation with High-Frequency (HF) Radar Surface Current</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lei%20Ren">Lei Ren</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Hartnett"> Michael Hartnett</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephen%20Nash"> Stephen Nash</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The abundant measured surface current from HF radar system in coastal area is assimilated into model to improve the modeling forecasting ability. A simple sequential data assimilation scheme, Direct Insertion (DI), is applied to update model forecast states. The influence of Direct Insertion data assimilation over time is analyzed at one reference point. Vector maps of surface current from models are compared with HF radar measurements. Root-Mean-Squared-Error (RMSE) between modeling results and HF radar measurements is calculated during the last four days with no data assimilation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20assimilation" title="data assimilation">data assimilation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CODAR" title=" CODAR"> CODAR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HF%20radar" title=" HF radar"> HF radar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20current" title=" surface current"> surface current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20insertion" title=" direct insertion"> direct insertion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14355/sequential-data-assimilation-with-high-frequency-hf-radar-surface-current" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14355.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">573</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11788</span> Comparison between Classical and New Direct Torque Control Strategies of Induction Machine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mouna%20Essaadi">Mouna Essaadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Khafallah"> Mohamed Khafallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdallah%20Saad"> Abdallah Saad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Chaikhy"> Hamid Chaikhy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a comparative analysis between conventional direct torque control (C_DTC), Modified direct torque control (M_DTC) and twelve sectors direct torque control (12_DTC).Those different strategies are compared by simulation in term of torque, flux and stator current performances. Finally, a summary of the comparative analysis is presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C_DTC" title="C_DTC">C_DTC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M_DTC" title=" M_DTC"> M_DTC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=12_DTC" title=" 12_DTC"> 12_DTC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=torque%20dynamic" title=" torque dynamic"> torque dynamic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stator%20current" title=" stator current"> stator current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flux" title=" flux"> flux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performances" title=" performances"> performances</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18282/comparison-between-classical-and-new-direct-torque-control-strategies-of-induction-machine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18282.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">619</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11787</span> The Effect of Low Voltage Direct Current Applications on the Growth of Microalgae Chlorella Vulgaris</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osman%20K%C3%B6k">Osman Kök</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I%CC%87lhami%CC%87%20T%C3%BCz%C3%BCn"> İlhami̇ Tüzün</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ya%C5%9Far%20Alu%C3%A7"> Yaşar Aluç</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was conducted to explore the effect of direct current (DC) applications on the growth of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris KKU71, isolated from highly saline freshwater. Experiments were implemented based upon the cross-combinations of both the intensity and duration of electric applications, generating a full factorial design of 10V, 20V, 30V, and 5s, 30s, 60s, respectively. Growth parameters of cultures were monitored on Optical Density (OD), Cell Count (CC), Chlorophyll-a, b (Chl-a, b), and Total Carotenoids (TCar). All DC-assisted treatments stimulated the growth and thus led to higher values of growth parameters such as OD, CC, Chl-a, and TCar. Monotonically increasing with the intensity and duration of DC applications, wet and dry biomass yields of the harvested algae reached their highest level at 30V-60s in all sets of treatments. In addition, this increase between DC applications was listed as C(control)<10V<20V<30V and C<5s<30s<60s. As a result, direct current applications increased the biomass. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chlorella%20Vulgaris" title="Chlorella Vulgaris">Chlorella Vulgaris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20current" title=" direct current"> direct current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title=" growth"> growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomass" title=" biomass"> biomass</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149389/the-effect-of-low-voltage-direct-current-applications-on-the-growth-of-microalgae-chlorella-vulgaris" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149389.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11786</span> Corrosion Evaluation of Zinc Coating Prepared by Two Types of Electric Currents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Sajjadnejad">M. Sajjadnejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Karimi%20Abadeh"> H. Karimi Abadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, zinc coatings were fabricated by electroplating process in a sulfate solution under direct and pulse current conditions. In direct and pulse current conditions, effect of maximum current was investigated on the coating properties. Also a comparison was made between the obtained coatings under direct and pulse current. Morphology of the coatings was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Corrosion behavior of the coatings was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization test. In pulse current conditions, the effect of pulse frequency and duty cycle was also studied. The effect of these conditions and parameters were also investigated on morphology and corrosion behavior. All of DC plated coatings are showing a distinct passivation area in -1 to -0.4 V range. Pulsed current coatings possessed a higher corrosion resistance. The results showed that current density is the most important factor regarding the fabrication process. Furthermore, a rise in duty cycle deteriorated corrosion resistance of coatings. Pulsed plated coatings performed almost 10 times better than DC plated coatings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title="corrosion">corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=duty%20cycle" title=" duty cycle"> duty cycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulsed%20current" title=" pulsed current"> pulsed current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc" title=" zinc"> zinc</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111558/corrosion-evaluation-of-zinc-coating-prepared-by-two-types-of-electric-currents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111558.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11785</span> Impact of Foreign Direct Investment to the Economic Growth of Rwanda</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Munezero%20Vanessa">Munezero Vanessa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A country is considered developed when its socio-economic and development situation is stable. Foreign direct investment is thus considered to be one of the solutions to this stability especially when it is used in development sectors. The present study was meant to understand whether the foreign direct investment stimulates economic growth performance in Rwanda. The foreign direct investments and economic growth (GDP) has been the subject of much debate among economic development researchers, aid donors as well as recipients in general and Rwanda in particular. In spite of this, there are only few empirical studies that investigate the contributions of foreign direct investments to economic growth in Rwanda. This study explores the relationship between foreign direct investments and economic growth in Rwanda using data that spans from 2000 to 2019 and establishing through causal study if changes in one variable cause changes in the other. The results show that foreign direct investments significantly contribute to the current level of economic growth. The findings imply that Rwanda could enhance its economic growth by effectively and strategically strengthening foreign direct investment plans. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20direct%20investment%20%28FDI%29" title="foreign direct investment (FDI)">foreign direct investment (FDI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20growth" title=" economic growth"> economic growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GDP%20gross%20domestic%20product%20%28GDP%29" title=" GDP gross domestic product (GDP)"> GDP gross domestic product (GDP)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflation" title=" inflation"> inflation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exchange%20rate" title=" exchange rate"> exchange rate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188725/impact-of-foreign-direct-investment-to-the-economic-growth-of-rwanda" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188725.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">31</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11784</span> Iron Recovery from Red Mud as Zero-Valent Iron Metal Powder Using Direct Electrochemical Reduction Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Franky%20Michael%20Hamonangan%20Siagian">Franky Michael Hamonangan Siagian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Affan%20Maulana"> Affan Maulana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Himawan%20Tri%20Bayu%20Murti%20Petrus"> Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Widi%20Astuti"> Widi Astuti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the feasibility of the direct electrowinning method was used to produce zero-valent iron from red mud. The bauxite residue sample came from the Tayan mine, Indonesia, which contains high hematite (Fe₂O₃). Before electrolysis, the samples were characterized by various analytical techniques (ICP-AES, SEM, XRD) to determine their chemical composition and mineralogy. The direct electrowinning method of red mud suspended in NaOH was introduced at low temperatures ranging from 30 - 110 °C. Variations of current density, red mud: NaOH ratio and temperature were carried out to determine the optimum operation of the direct electrowinning process. Cathode deposits and residues in electrochemical cells were analyzed using XRD, XRF, and SEM to determine the chemical composition and current recovery. The low-temperature electrolysis current efficiency on Redmud can reach 20% recovery at a current density of 920,945 A/m². The moderate performance of the process was investigated with red mud, which was attributed to the troublesome adsorption of red mud particles on the cathode, making the reduction far less efficient than that with hematite. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=red%20mud" title="red mud">red mud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20reduction" title=" electrochemical reduction"> electrochemical reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iron%20production" title=" Iron production"> Iron production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hematite" title=" hematite"> hematite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162125/iron-recovery-from-red-mud-as-zero-valent-iron-metal-powder-using-direct-electrochemical-reduction-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162125.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11783</span> Iron Recovery from Red Mud As Zero-Valent Iron Metal Powder Using Direct Electrochemical Reduction Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Franky%20Michael%20Hamonangan%20Siagian">Franky Michael Hamonangan Siagian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Affan%20Maulana"> Affan Maulana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Himawan%20Tri%20Bayu%20Murti%20Petrus"> Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Panut%20Mulyono"> Panut Mulyono</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Widi%20Astuti"> Widi Astuti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the feasibility of the direct electrowinning method was used to produce zero-valent iron from red mud. The bauxite residue sample came from the Tayan mine, Indonesia, which contains high hematite (Fe₂O₃). Before electrolysis, the samples were characterized by various analytical techniques (ICP-AES, SEM, XRD) to determine their chemical composition and mineralogy. The direct electrowinning method of red mud suspended in NaOH was introduced at low temperatures ranging from 30 - 110 °C. Variations of current density, red mud: NaOH ratio and temperature were carried out to determine the optimum operation of the direct electrowinning process. Cathode deposits and residues in electrochemical cells were analyzed using XRD, XRF, and SEM to determine the chemical composition and current recovery. The low-temperature electrolysis current efficiency on Redmud can reach 20% recovery at a current density of 920,945 A/m². The moderate performance of the process was investigated with red mud, which was attributed to the troublesome adsorption of red mud particles on the cathode, making the reduction far less efficient than that with hematite. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alumina" title="alumina">alumina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=red%20mud" title=" red mud"> red mud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20reduction" title=" electrochemical reduction"> electrochemical reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron%20production" title=" iron production"> iron production</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162943/iron-recovery-from-red-mud-as-zero-valent-iron-metal-powder-using-direct-electrochemical-reduction-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162943.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11782</span> Design of a Hand-Held, Clamp-on, Leakage Current Sensor for High Voltage Direct Current Insulators</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morn%C3%A9%20Roman">Morné Roman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20van%20Zyl"> Robert van Zyl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nishanth%20Parus"> Nishanth Parus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nishal%20Mahatho"> Nishal Mahatho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Leakage current monitoring for high voltage transmission line insulators is of interest as a performance indicator. Presently, to the best of our knowledge, there is no commercially available, clamp-on type, non-intrusive device for measuring leakage current on energised high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission line insulators. The South African power utility, Eskom, is investigating the development of such a hand-held sensor for two important applications; first, for continuous real-time condition monitoring of HVDC line insulators and, second, for use by live line workers to determine if it is safe to work on energised insulators. In this paper, a DC leakage current sensor based on magnetic field sensing techniques is developed. The magnetic field sensor used in the prototype can also detect alternating current up to 5 MHz. The DC leakage current prototype detects the magnetic field associated with the current flowing on the surface of the insulator. Preliminary HVDC leakage current measurements are performed on glass insulators. The results show that the prototype can accurately measure leakage current in the specified current range of 1-200 mA. The influence of external fields from the HVDC line itself on the leakage current measurements is mitigated through a differential magnetometer sensing technique. Thus, the developed sensor can perform measurements on in-service HVDC insulators. The research contributes to the body of knowledge by providing a sensor to measure leakage current on energised HVDC insulators non-intrusively. This sensor can also be used by live line workers to inform them whether or not it is safe to perform maintenance on energized insulators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20current" title="direct current">direct current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulator" title=" insulator"> insulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leakage%20current" title=" leakage current"> leakage current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=live%20line" title=" live line"> live line</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20field" title=" magnetic field"> magnetic field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor" title=" sensor"> sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmission%20lines" title=" transmission lines"> transmission lines</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97695/design-of-a-hand-held-clamp-on-leakage-current-sensor-for-high-voltage-direct-current-insulators" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97695.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11781</span> Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Post-Stroke Dysphagia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehsan%20Kaviani">Ehsan Kaviani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azin%20Golmoradizade"> Azin Golmoradizade</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Traditionally, tendons are considered to only contain tenocytes that are responsible for the maintenance, repair, and remodeling of tendons. Stem cells, which are termed tendon-derived stem cells, so this study we investigate the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation combined with swallowing training on post-stroke dysphagia. Methods: This review article is about effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on post-stroke dysphagia that were extracted from Science Direct, Pro quest, and Pub med Data Bases. 15 articles had been selected according to inclusion criteria from 2014 to 2019, and 6 of them had been deleted by exclusion criteria. Results: The results of our systematic review suggest that tDCS may represent a promising novel treatment for post-stroke dysphagia. However, to date, little is known about the optimal parameters of tDCS for relieving post-stroke dysphagia. Further studies are warranted to refine this promising intervention by exploring the optimal parameters of tDCS. Conclusion: anodal tDCS over the affected hemisphere may be as effective as cathodal tDCS on the unaffected hemisphere to enhance recovery after subacute ischemic stroke and anodal tdcs applied over the affected pharyngeal motor cortex can enhance the outcome of swallowing training in post-stroke dysphagia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dysphagia" title="dysphagia">dysphagia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stroke" title=" stroke"> stroke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cortical%20stimulation" title=" cortical stimulation"> cortical stimulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transcranial%20direct%20current%20stimulation" title=" transcranial direct current stimulation"> transcranial direct current stimulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126193/effects-of-transcranial-direct-current-stimulation-on-post-stroke-dysphagia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126193.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11780</span> Practical Simulation Model of Floating-Gate MOS Transistor in Sub 100 nm Technologies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zina%20Saheb">Zina Saheb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ezz%20El-Masry"> Ezz El-Masry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As CMOS technology scaling down, Silicon oxide thickness (SiO2) become very thin (few Nano meters). When SiO2 is less than 3nm, gate direct tunneling (DT) leakage current becomes a dormant problem that impacts the transistor performance. Floating gate MOSFET (FGMOSFET) has been used in many low-voltage and low-power applications. Most of the available simulation models of FGMOSFET for analog circuit design does not account for gate DT current and there is no accurate analysis for the gate DT. It is a crucial to use an accurate mode in order to get a realistic simulation result that account for that DT impact on FGMOSFET performance effectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CMOS%20transistor" title="CMOS transistor">CMOS transistor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct-tunneling%20current" title=" direct-tunneling current"> direct-tunneling current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=floating-gate" title=" floating-gate"> floating-gate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gate-leakage%20current" title=" gate-leakage current"> gate-leakage current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation%20model" title=" simulation model"> simulation model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30655/practical-simulation-model-of-floating-gate-mos-transistor-in-sub-100-nm-technologies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30655.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">529</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11779</span> Effect of Electric Stimulation on Characteristic Changes in Hot-Boned Beef Brisket of Different Potential Tenderness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Orose%20Rugchati">Orose Rugchati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kanita%20Thanacharoenchanaphas"> Kanita Thanacharoenchanaphas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarawut%20Wattanawongpitak"> Sarawut Wattanawongpitak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the effect of electric stimulation on the quality of hot-boned beef brisket muscles was evaluated, including the tenderness, pH, temperature change, and colorant. Muscles were obtained from steers in the local slaughter house. (3 steers for each muscle), removed from the carcasses 4-hour postmortem and variable time to treated with direct current electric 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. Six different electric intensities (direct current voltage of 50, 70 and 90 Volt, pulse with 10, 20 and 40 ms) plus a control were applied to each muscle to determine the optimum treatment conditions. Hot-boned beef brisket was found to get tender with increasing treatment direct current voltage and reduction in the shear force with pulsed with electric treatment. But in a long time to treated with electric current get fading in red color and temperature increase whereas pH quite different compared to non-treated control samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20stimulation" title="electric stimulation">electric stimulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characteristic%20changes" title=" characteristic changes"> characteristic changes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot-boned%20beef%20brisket" title=" hot-boned beef brisket"> hot-boned beef brisket</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=potential%20tenderness" title=" potential tenderness"> potential tenderness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63383/effect-of-electric-stimulation-on-characteristic-changes-in-hot-boned-beef-brisket-of-different-potential-tenderness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63383.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11778</span> The Solution of the Direct Problem of Electrical Prospecting with Direct Current Under Conditions of Ground Surface Relief</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Balgaisha%20Mukanova">Balgaisha Mukanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tolkyn%20Mirgalikyzy"> Tolkyn Mirgalikyzy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Theory of interpretation of electromagnetic fields studied in the electrical prospecting with direct current is mainly developed for the case of a horizontal surface observation. However in practice we often have to work in difficult terrain surface. Conducting interpretation without the influence of topography can cause non-existent anomalies on sections. This raises the problem of studying the impact of different shapes of ground surface relief on the results of electrical prospecting's research. This research examines the numerical solutions of the direct problem of electrical prospecting for two-dimensional and three-dimensional media, taking into account the terrain. The problem is solved using the method of integral equations. The density of secondary currents on the relief surface is obtained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20surface%20relief" title="ground surface relief">ground surface relief</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=method%20of%20integral%20equations" title=" method of integral equations"> method of integral equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20method" title=" numerical method"> numerical method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electromagnetic" title=" electromagnetic "> electromagnetic </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27446/the-solution-of-the-direct-problem-of-electrical-prospecting-with-direct-current-under-conditions-of-ground-surface-relief" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27446.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11777</span> 1 kW Power Factor Correction Soft Switching Boost Converter with an Active Snubber Cell</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yakup%20Sahin">Yakup Sahin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naim%20Suleyman%20Ting"> Naim Suleyman Ting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismail%20Aksoy"> Ismail Aksoy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A 1 kW power factor correction boost converter with an active snubber cell is presented in this paper. In the converter, the main switch turns on under zero voltage transition (ZVT) and turns off under zero current transition (ZCT) without any additional voltage or current stress. The auxiliary switch turns on and off under zero current switching (ZCS). Besides, the main diode turns on under ZVS and turns off under ZCS. The output current and voltage are controlled by the PFC converter in wide line and load range. The simulation results of converter are obtained for 1 kW and 100 kHz. One of the most important feature of the given converter is that it has direct power transfer as well as excellent soft switching techniques. Also, the converter has 0.99 power factor with the sinusoidal input current shape. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20factor%20correction" title="power factor correction">power factor correction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20power%20transfer" title=" direct power transfer"> direct power transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero-voltage%20transition" title=" zero-voltage transition"> zero-voltage transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero-current%20transition" title=" zero-current transition"> zero-current transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20switching" title=" soft switching"> soft switching</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45336/1-kw-power-factor-correction-soft-switching-boost-converter-with-an-active-snubber-cell" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45336.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">962</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11776</span> Analysis of Direct Current Motor in LabVIEW</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Ramprasath">E. Ramprasath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Manojkumar"> P. Manojkumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Veena"> P. Veena</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> DC motors have been widely used in the past centuries which are proudly known as the workhorse of industrial systems until the invention of the AC induction motors which makes a huge revolution in industries. Since then, the use of DC machines have been decreased due to enormous factors such as reliability, robustness and complexity but it lost its fame due to the losses. A new methodology is proposed to construct a DC motor through the simulation in LabVIEW to get an idea about its real time performances, if a change in parameter might have bigger improvement in losses and reliability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analysis" title="analysis">analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characteristics" title=" characteristics"> characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20current%20motor" title=" direct current motor"> direct current motor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LabVIEW%20software" title=" LabVIEW software"> LabVIEW software</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31837/analysis-of-direct-current-motor-in-labview" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31837.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">552</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11775</span> The Light-Effect in Cylindrical Quantum Wire with an Infinite Potential for the Case of Electrons: Optical Phonon Scattering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoang%20Van%20Ngoc">Hoang Van Ngoc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nguyen%20Vu%20Nhan"> Nguyen Vu Nhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nguyen%20Quang%20Bau"> Nguyen Quang Bau</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The light-effect in cylindrical quantum wire with an infinite potential for the case of electrons, optical phonon scattering, is studied based on the quantum kinetic equation. The density of the direct current in a cylindrical quantum wire by a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave, a DC electric field, and an intense laser field is calculated. Analytic expressions for the density of the direct current are studied as a function of the frequency of the laser radiation field, the frequency of the linearly polarized electromagnetic wave, the temperature of system, and the size of quantum wire. The density of the direct current in cylindrical quantum wire with an infinite potential for the case of electrons – optical phonon scattering is nonlinearly dependent on the frequency of the linearly polarized electromagnetic wave. The analytic expressions are numerically evaluated and plotted for a specific quantum wire, GaAs/GaAsAl. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20light%E2%80%93effect" title="the light–effect">the light–effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cylindrical%20quantum%20wire%20with%20an%20infinite%20potential" title=" cylindrical quantum wire with an infinite potential"> cylindrical quantum wire with an infinite potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20density%20of%20the%20direct%20current" title=" the density of the direct current"> the density of the direct current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrons-optical%20phonon%20scattering" title=" electrons-optical phonon scattering"> electrons-optical phonon scattering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75022/the-light-effect-in-cylindrical-quantum-wire-with-an-infinite-potential-for-the-case-of-electrons-optical-phonon-scattering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75022.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11774</span> Renewable Energy Interfaced Shunt Active Filter Using a Virtual Flux Direct Power Control</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Bengourina">M. R. Bengourina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Rahli"> M. Rahli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Hassaine"> L. Hassaine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Saadi"> S. Saadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we present a control method entitled virtual flux direct power control of a grid connected photovoltaic system associated with an active power filter. The virtual flux direct control of power (VF-DPC) is employed for the calculation of reference current generation. In this technique, the switches states of inverter are selected from a table of switching based on the immediate errors between the active and reactive powers and their reference values. The objectives of this paper are the reduction of Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of source current, compensating reactive power and injecting the maximum active power available from the PV array into the load and/or grid. MATLAB/SIMULINK simulations are provided to demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shunt%20active%20power%20filter" title="shunt active power filter">shunt active power filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VF-DPC" title=" VF-DPC"> VF-DPC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaic" title=" photovoltaic"> photovoltaic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MPPT" title=" MPPT"> MPPT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74510/renewable-energy-interfaced-shunt-active-filter-using-a-virtual-flux-direct-power-control" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74510.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11773</span> Supergrid Modeling and Operation and Control of Multi Terminal DC Grids for the Deployment of a Meshed HVDC Grid in South Asia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhan%20Beg">Farhan Beg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raymond%20Moberly"> Raymond Moberly</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Indian subcontinent is facing a massive challenge with regards to energy security in member countries, to provide reliable electricity to facilitate development across various sectors of the economy and consequently achieve the developmental targets. The instability of the current precarious situation is observable in the frequent system failures and blackouts. The deployment of interconnected electricity ‘Supergrid’ designed to carry huge quanta of power across the Indian sub-continent is proposed in this paper. Besides enabling energy security in the subcontinent, it will also provide a platform for Renewable Energy Sources (RES) integration. This paper assesses the need and conditions for a Supergrid deployment and consequently proposes a meshed topology based on Voltage Source High Voltage Direct Current (VSC-HVDC) converters for the Supergrid modeling. Various control schemes for the control of voltage and power are utilized for the regulation of the network parameters. A 3 terminal Multi Terminal Direct Current (MTDC) network is used for the simulations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super%20grid" title="super grid">super grid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20and%20solar%20energy" title=" wind and solar energy"> wind and solar energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20voltage%20direct%20current" title=" high voltage direct current"> high voltage direct current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electricity%20management" title=" electricity management"> electricity management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load%20flow%20analysis" title=" load flow analysis"> load flow analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14561/supergrid-modeling-and-operation-and-control-of-multi-terminal-dc-grids-for-the-deployment-of-a-meshed-hvdc-grid-in-south-asia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14561.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">428</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11772</span> Evaluating the Performance of Passive Direct Methanol Fuel Cell under Varying Operating and Structural Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahul%20Saraswat">Rahul Saraswat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> More recently, a focus has been given to replacing machined stainless steel metal flow fields with inexpensive wire mesh current collectors. The flow fields are based on simple woven wire mesh screens of various stainless steels, which are sandwiched between a thin metal plate of the same material to create a bipolar plate/flow field configuration for use in a stack. Major advantages of using stainless steel wire screens include the elimination of expensive raw materials as well as machining and/or other special fabrication costs. The objective of the project is to improve the performance of the passive direct methanol fuel cell without increasing the cost of the cell and to make it as compact and light as possible. From the literature survey, it was found that very little is done in this direction, and the following methodology was used. 1. The passive direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) can be made more compact, lighter, and less costly by changing the material used in its construction. 2. Controlling the fuel diffusion rate through the cell improves the performance of the cell. A passive liquid feed direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) was fabricated using a given MEA (Membrane Electrode Assembly) and tested for different current collector structures. Mesh current collectors of different mesh densities along with different support structures, were used, and the performance was found to be better. Methanol concentration was also varied. Optimisation of mesh size, support structure, and fuel concentration was achieved. Cost analysis was also performed hereby. From the performance analysis study of DMFC, we can conclude with the following points: Area specific resistance (ASR) of wire mesh current collectors is lower than the ASR of stainless steel current collectors. Also, the power produced by wire mesh current collectors is always more than that produced by stainless steel current collectors. 1. Low or moderate methanol concentrations should be used for better and stable DMFC performance. 2. Wiremesh is a good substitute for stainless steel for current collector plates of passive DMFC because of its lower cost (by about 27 %), flexibility, and light in weight characteristics of wire mesh. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20methanol%20fuel%20cell" title="direct methanol fuel cell">direct methanol fuel cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20electrode%20assembly" title=" membrane electrode assembly"> membrane electrode assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesh" title=" mesh"> mesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesh%20size" title=" mesh size"> mesh size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methanol%20concentration" title=" methanol concentration"> methanol concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=support%20structure" title=" support structure"> support structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160472/evaluating-the-performance-of-passive-direct-methanol-fuel-cell-under-varying-operating-and-structural-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160472.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">80</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11771</span> Direct CP Violation in Baryonic B-Hadron Decays</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Q.%20Geng">C. Q. Geng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20K.%20Hsiao"> Y. K. Hsiao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We study direct CP-violating asymmetries (CPAs) in the baryonic B decays of B- -> p\bar{p}M and Λb decays of Λb ®pM andΛb -> J/ΨpM with M=π-, K-,ρ-,K*- based on the generalized factorization method in the standard model (SM). In particular, we show that the CPAs in the vector modes of B-®p\bar{p}K* and Λb -> p K*- can be as large as 20%. We also discuss the simplest purely baryonic decays of Λb-> p\bar{p}n, p\bar{p}Λ, Λ\bar{p}Λ, and Λ\bar{Λ}Λ. We point out that some of CPAs are promising to be measured by the current as well as future B facilities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CP%20violation" title="CP violation">CP violation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B%20decays" title=" B decays"> B decays</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=baryonic%20decays" title=" baryonic decays"> baryonic decays</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%9Bb%20decays" title=" Λb decays"> Λb decays</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51614/direct-cp-violation-in-baryonic-b-hadron-decays" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51614.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">255</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11770</span> Evaluating the Performance of Passive Direct Methanol Fuel Cell under Varying Operating and Structural Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahul%20Saraswat">Rahul Saraswat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> More recently, a focus is given on replacing machined stainless steel metal flow-fields with inexpensive wiremesh current collectors. The flow-fields are based on simple woven wiremesh screens of various stainless steels, which are sandwiched between a thin metal plate of the same material to create a bipolar plate/flow-field configuration for use in a stack. Major advantages of using stainless steel wire screens include the elimination of expensive raw materials as well as machining and/or other special fabrication costs. Objective of the project is to improve the performance of the passive direct methanol fuel cell without increasing the cost of the cell and to make it as compact and light as possible. From the literature survey, it was found that very little is done in this direction & the following methodology was used. 1.) The passive DMFC cell can be made more compact, lighter and less costly by changing the material used in its construction. 2.) Controlling the fuel diffusion rate through the cell improves the performance of the cell. A passive liquid feed direct methanol fuel cell ( DMFC ) was fabricated using given MEA( Membrane Electrode Assembly ) and tested for different current collector structure. Mesh current collectors of different mesh densities, along with different support structures, were used, and the performance was found to be better. Methanol concentration was also varied. Optimisation of mesh size, support structure and fuel concentration was achieved. Cost analysis was also performed hereby. From the performance analysis study of DMFC, we can conclude with the following points : Area specific resistance (ASR) of wiremesh current collectors is lower than ASR of stainless steel current collectors. Also, the power produced by wiremesh current collectors is always more than that produced by stainless steel current collectors. Low or moderate methanol concentrations should be used for better and stable DMFC performance. Wiremesh is a good substitute of stainless steel for current collector plates of passive DMFC because of lower cost( by about 27 %), flexibility and light in weight characteristics of wiremesh. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20methanol%20fuel%20cell" title="direct methanol fuel cell">direct methanol fuel cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20electrode%20assembly" title=" membrane electrode assembly"> membrane electrode assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesh" title=" mesh"> mesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesh%20size" title=" mesh size"> mesh size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methanol%20concentration%20and%20support%20%20structure" title=" methanol concentration and support structure"> methanol concentration and support structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170495/evaluating-the-performance-of-passive-direct-methanol-fuel-cell-under-varying-operating-and-structural-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170495.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11769</span> Experimental and Characterization Studies on Micro Direct Methanol Fuel Cell</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Muthuraja%20Soundrapandian">S. Muthuraja Soundrapandian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.K.%20Subramaniam"> C.K. Subramaniam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A micro Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) of 1 cm2 active area with selective sensor materials to sense methanol for redox, has been developed. Among different Pt alloys, Pt-Sn/C was able to produce high current density and repeatability. Membrane Elecctrode Assembly (MEA) of anode catalyst Pt-Sn/C was prepared with nafion as active membrane and Pt black as cathode catalyst. The sensor’s maximum ability to detect the trace levels of methanol in ppm has been analyzed. A compact sensor set up has also been made and the characterization studies were carried out. The acceptable value of current density was derived by the cell and the results are able to fulfill the needs of DMFC technology for the practical applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DMFC" title="DMFC">DMFC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor" title=" sensor"> sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEA" title=" MEA"> MEA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pt-Sn" title=" Pt-Sn"> Pt-Sn</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127255/experimental-and-characterization-studies-on-micro-direct-methanol-fuel-cell" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127255.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11768</span> The Legal Regulation of Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing In South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amy%20Gooden">Amy Gooden</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite its prevalence, direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DTC-GT) remains under-investigated in South Africa (SA), and the issue of regulation is yet to be examined. Therefore, this research maps the current legal landscape relating to DTC-GT in SA through a legal analysis of the extant law relevant to the industry and the issues associated therewith – with the intention of determining if and how DTC-GT is legally governed. This research analyses: whether consumers are legally permitted to collect their saliva; whether DTC-GT are medical devices; licensing, registering, and advertising; importing and exporting; and genetic research conducted by companies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct-to-consumer%20genetic%20testing" title="direct-to-consumer genetic testing">direct-to-consumer genetic testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20testing" title=" genetic testing"> genetic testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health" title=" health"> health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=law" title=" law"> law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regulation" title=" regulation"> regulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=South%20Africa" title=" South Africa"> South Africa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153430/the-legal-regulation-of-direct-to-consumer-genetic-testing-in-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153430.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11767</span> The Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Brain Oxygenation and Pleasure during Exercise</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexandre%20H.%20Okano">Alexandre H. Okano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20M.%20D.%20Agr%C3%ADcola"> Pedro M. D. Agrícola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20G.%20Da%20S.%20Machado"> Daniel G. Da S. Machado</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luiz%20I.%20Do%20N.%20Neto"> Luiz I. Do N. Neto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luiz%20F.%20Farias%20Junior"> Luiz F. Farias Junior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paulo%20H.%20D.%20Nascimento"> Paulo H. D. Nascimento</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rickson%20C.%20Mesquita"> Rickson C. Mesquita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20F.%20Araujo"> John F. Araujo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eduardo%20B.%20Fontes"> Eduardo B. Fontes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20M.%20Elsangedy"> Hassan M. Elsangedy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shinsuke%20Shimojo"> Shinsuke Shimojo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20M.%20Li"> Li M. Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The prefrontal cortex is involved in the reward system and the insular cortex integrates the afferent inputs arriving from the body’ systems and turns into feelings. Therefore, modulating neuronal activity in these regions may change individuals’ perception in a given situation such as exercise. We tested whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) change cerebral oxygenation and pleasure during exercise. Fourteen volunteer healthy adult men were assessed into five different sessions. First, subjects underwent to a maximum incremental test on a cycle ergometer. Then, subjects were randomly assigned to a transcranial direct current stimulation (2mA for 15 min) intervention in a cross over design in four different conditions: anode and cathode electrodes on T3 and Fp2 targeting the insular cortex, and Fpz and F4 targeting prefrontal cortex, respectively; and their respective sham. These sessions were followed by 30 min of moderate intensity exercise. Brain oxygenation was measured in prefrontal cortex with a near infrared spectroscopy. Perceived exertion and pleasure were also measured during exercise. The asymmetry in prefrontal cortex oxygenation before the stimulation decreased only when it was applied over this region which did not occur after insular cortex or sham stimulation. Furthermore, pleasure was maintained during exercise only after prefrontal cortex stimulation (P > 0.7), while there was a decrease throughout exercise (P < 0.03) during the other conditions. We conclude that tDCS over the prefrontal cortex changes brain oxygenation in ventromedial prefrontal cortex and maintains perceived pleasure during exercise. Therefore, this technique might be used to enhance effective responses related to exercise. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=affect" title="affect">affect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brain%20stimulation" title=" brain stimulation"> brain stimulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dopamine%20neuromodulation" title=" dopamine neuromodulation"> dopamine neuromodulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pleasure" title=" pleasure"> pleasure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward" title=" reward"> reward</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transcranial%20direct%20current%20stimulation" title=" transcranial direct current stimulation"> transcranial direct current stimulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75181/the-effects-of-transcranial-direct-current-stimulation-on-brain-oxygenation-and-pleasure-during-exercise" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75181.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11766</span> Direct Torque Control of Induction Motor Employing Differential Evolution Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Vamsee%20Kiran">T. Vamsee Kiran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Gopi"> A. Gopi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The undesired torque and flux ripple may occur in conventional direct torque control (DTC) induction motor drive. DTC can improve the system performance at low speeds by continuously tuning the regulator by adjusting the Kp, Ki values. In this differential evolution (DE) is proposed to adjust the parameters (Kp, Ki) of the speed controller in order to minimize torque ripple, flux ripple, and stator current distortion.The DE based PI controller has resulted is maintaining a constant speed of the motor irrespective of the load torque fluctuations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differential%20evolution" title="differential evolution">differential evolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20torque%20control" title=" direct torque control"> direct torque control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PI%20controller" title=" PI controller"> PI controller</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29123/direct-torque-control-of-induction-motor-employing-differential-evolution-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29123.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">432</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11765</span> Simulation of Surge Protection for a Direct Current Circuit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Luis%20Ferrer%20Penalver">Pedro Luis Ferrer Penalver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edmundo%20da%20Silva%20Braga"> Edmundo da Silva Braga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the performance of a simple surge protection for a direct current circuit was simulated. The protection circuit was developed from modified electric macro models of a gas discharge tube and a transient voltage suppressor diode. Moreover, a combination wave generator circuit was used as source of energy surges. The simulations showed that the circuit presented ensures immunity corresponding with test level IV of the IEC 61000-4-5:2014 international standard. The developed circuit can be modified to meet the requirements of any other equipment to be protected. Similarly, the parameters of the combination wave generator can be changed to provide different surge amplitudes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combination%20wave%20generator" title="combination wave generator">combination wave generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IEC%2061000-4-5" title=" IEC 61000-4-5"> IEC 61000-4-5</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pspice%20simulation" title=" Pspice simulation"> Pspice simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surge%20protection" title=" surge protection"> surge protection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57544/simulation-of-surge-protection-for-a-direct-current-circuit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57544.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11764</span> Direct Democracy: The Best Administrative System for Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inuwa%20Abdu%20Ibrahim">Inuwa Abdu Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research assessed representative democracy as an administrative system in Nigeria, by highlighting the failure of the state. It also looked at some components of direct democracy in Switzerland. Therefore, the paper focused on direct democracy, using secondary sources of data. In conclusion, the research offers direct democracy as a solution to the failure of the Nigerian administrative system especially as it affects participation, developmental programmes and institutionalized corruption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corruption" title="corruption">corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20democracy" title=" direct democracy"> direct democracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20development" title=" national development"> national development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=participation" title=" participation "> participation </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5457/direct-democracy-the-best-administrative-system-for-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5457.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">478</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11763</span> Technical Considerations of High Voltage Direct Current for Interconnection of Iran Grid to Neighboring Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojtaba%20Abolfazli">Mojtaba Abolfazli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Gahderi"> Mohammad Gahderi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Ashoorizadeh"> Alireza Ashoorizadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahim%20Zeinali"> Rahim Zeinali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Interconnection between countries provides noticeable economic, technical and environmental benefits. Iran grid has an excellent condition for connection to neighbouring countries. There are two main options including High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) and High Voltage Alternative Current (HVAC) for interconnection between the grids. At present, all of Iran cross border interconnections are HVAC while HVDC brings more benefits in comparison which should be considered by system planners. This paper presents a comprehensive review of technical considerations of HVDC for interconnection of Iran grid to neighbouring countries. Converter technology, converter transformers, converter valves, filters, and transmission link are studied for a good cognition to HVDC. In addition, a comparison between HVDC and HVAC for transmitting of power is discussed. Finally, a conclusion on HVDC technology and components is drawn out to provide a comprehensive knowledge for system planners. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interconnection" title="interconnection">interconnection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HVDC" title=" HVDC"> HVDC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HVAC" title=" HVAC"> HVAC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage%20sourced%20converter" title=" voltage sourced converter"> voltage sourced converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=current%20sourced%20converter" title=" current sourced converter"> current sourced converter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67320/technical-considerations-of-high-voltage-direct-current-for-interconnection-of-iran-grid-to-neighboring-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67320.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11762</span> A Strategy of Direct Power Control for PWM Rectifier Reducing Ripple in Instantaneous Power</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Mohammed%20Chikouche">T. Mohammed Chikouche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Hartani"> K. Hartani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to solve the instantaneous power ripple and achieve better performance of direct power control (DPC) for a three-phase PWM rectifier, a control method is proposed in this paper. This control method is applied to overcome the instantaneous power ripple, to eliminate line current harmonics and therefore reduce the total harmonic distortion and to improve the power factor. A switching table is based on the analysis on the change of instantaneous active and reactive power, to select the optimum switching state of the three-phase PWM rectifier. The simulation result shows feasibility of this control method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20quality" title="power quality">power quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20power%20control" title=" direct power control"> direct power control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20ripple" title=" power ripple"> power ripple</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=switching%20table" title=" switching table"> switching table</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unity%20power%20factor" title=" unity power factor"> unity power factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85214/a-strategy-of-direct-power-control-for-pwm-rectifier-reducing-ripple-in-instantaneous-power" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85214.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">321</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11761</span> Experimental Study on Flooding Phenomena in a Three-Phase Direct Contact Heat Exchanger for the Utilisation in Solar Pond Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hameed%20B.%20Mahood">Hameed B. Mahood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Sh.%20Baqir"> Ali Sh. Baqir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alasdair%20N.%20Campbell"> Alasdair N. Campbell</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Experiments to study the limitation of flooding inception of three-phase direct contact condenser have been carried out in a counter-current small diameter vertical condenser. The total column height was 70 cm and 4 cm diameter. Only 48 cm has been used as an active three-phase direct contact condenser height. Vapour pentane with three different initial temperatures (40, 43.5 and 47.5 °C) and water with a constant temperature (19 °C) have been used as a dispersed phase and a continuous phase respectively. Five different continuous phase mass flow rate and four different dispersed phase mass flow rate have been tested throughout the experiments. Dimensionless correlation based on the previous common flooding correlation is proposed to calculate the up flow flooding inception of the three-phase direct contact condenser. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Three-phase%20heat%20exchanger" title="Three-phase heat exchanger">Three-phase heat exchanger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condenser" title=" condenser"> condenser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20energy" title=" solar energy"> solar energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flooding%20phenomena" title=" flooding phenomena"> flooding phenomena</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57093/experimental-study-on-flooding-phenomena-in-a-three-phase-direct-contact-heat-exchanger-for-the-utilisation-in-solar-pond-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57093.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20current&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20current&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20current&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20current&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a 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