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class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Iran</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iraq" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iraq"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Iraq</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iraq-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Libya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Libya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Libya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Libya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yemen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yemen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Yemen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yemen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specifications" 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<span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> 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class="mw-page-title-main">R-17 Elbrus</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-17_(Rakete)" title="R-17 (Rakete) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="R-17 (Rakete)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-17_Elbrus" title="R-17 Elbrus – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="R-17 Elbrus" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-17_%EC%97%98%EB%B8%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" title="R-17 엘브루스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="R-17 엘브루스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-17_Elbrus" title="R-17 Elbrus – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="R-17 Elbrus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-17_(%E3%83%9F%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB)" title="R-17 (ミサイル) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="R-17 (ミサイル)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-17_Elbrus" title="R-17 Elbrus – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="R-17 Elbrus" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0-17" title="Р-17 – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Р-17" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-17_Elbrus" title="R-17 Elbrus – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="R-17 Elbrus" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0-17" title="Р-17 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Р-17" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Short-range ballistic missile</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above hproduct" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><span class="fn org"> R-17 Elbrus </span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Rakieta_wz8K-14_SCUD_RB.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Rakieta_wz8K-14_SCUD_RB.jpg/220px-Rakieta_wz8K-14_SCUD_RB.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Rakieta_wz8K-14_SCUD_RB.jpg/330px-Rakieta_wz8K-14_SCUD_RB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Rakieta_wz8K-14_SCUD_RB.jpg/440px-Rakieta_wz8K-14_SCUD_RB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="360" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">An R-17 missile at the <i>Muzeum Uzbrojenia</i> (Museum of Armament), <a href="/wiki/Pozna%C5%84" title="Poznań">Poznań</a>, Poland (2004)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Short-range_ballistic_missile" title="Short-range ballistic missile">Short-range ballistic missile</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Place of origin</th><td class="infobox-data">Soviet Union</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Service history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">In service</th><td class="infobox-data">1962−Present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Used by</th><td class="infobox-data">See <i><a href="#Operators">operators</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yom_Kippur_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Yom Kippur war">Yom Kippur war</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Iran-Iraq_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Iran-Iraq war">Iran-Iraq war</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Soviet-Afghan_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet-Afghan war">Soviet-Afghan war</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Gulf_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Gulf war">Gulf war</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_civil_war_(1994)" title="Yemeni civil war (1994)">Yemeni civil war (1994)</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Libyan_civil_war_(2011)" title="Libyan civil war (2011)">Libyan civil war</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present)" title="Yemeni civil war (2014–present)">Yemeni civil war (2014–present)</a><br /><a href="/wiki/2020_Nagorno-Karabakh_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict">2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Production history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Designer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Makeyev" title="Viktor Makeyev">Viktor Makeyev</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201313_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201313-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Designed</th><td class="infobox-data">1955<sup id="cite_ref-Jane's_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jane's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>−1961<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201329_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201329-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Votkinsk_Machine_Building_Plant" title="Votkinsk Machine Building Plant">Votkinsk Machine Building Plant</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Unit cost</th><td class="infobox-data">US$1,000,000 (equivalent to <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>2,576,252 in 2023)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201392_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201392-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Produced</th><td class="infobox-data">1959<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201329_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201329-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>−1987<sup id="cite_ref-inbsite_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inbsite-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> built</th><td class="infobox-data">10,000 (est.)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201339_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201339-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Specifications</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Mass</th><td class="infobox-data">5,682–5,950 kg (12,527–13,118 lb)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">11.2−11.4 m (37 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Diameter</th><td class="infobox-data">885 mm (34.8 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Wingspan</th><td class="infobox-data">1.8 m (5 ft 11 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Crew</th><td class="infobox-data">7</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Maximum firing range</th><td class="infobox-data">300 km (190 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Warhead</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Explosive#High" title="Explosive">HE</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cluster_munition" title="Cluster munition">cluster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chemical_weapon" title="Chemical weapon">chemical</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapon" title="Nuclear weapon">nuclear</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Engine</th><td class="infobox-data">Isayev/KBKhM 9D21 liquid (missile)<br />D-12-525A diesel (TEL)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Ground clearance</th><td class="infobox-data">0.44 m (1 ft 5 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Propellant</th><td class="infobox-data">TM-185 (<a href="/wiki/Kerosene" title="Kerosene">kerosene</a> derivative) / AK-27I (27% <a href="/wiki/Dinitrogen_tetroxide" title="Dinitrogen tetroxide"><span class="chemf nowrap">N<span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">2</sub></span></span>O<span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">4</sub></span></span></span></a> 73% <a href="/wiki/Nitric_acid" title="Nitric acid"><span class="chemf nowrap">NHO<span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">3</sub></span></span></span></a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><div style="line-height:1.25em">Operational<br />range</div></th><td class="infobox-data">450 km (280 mi) (full load)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="Maximum speed of vehicle or missile">Maximum speed </span></th><td class="infobox-data">45 km/h (28 mph)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Accuracy</th><td class="infobox-data">450–900 m (1,480–2,950 ft) <a href="/wiki/Circular_error_probable" title="Circular error probable">CEP</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jane's_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jane's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FAS_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAS-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><div style="line-height:1.25em">Launch<br />platform</div></th><td class="infobox-data">9P117M TEL</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">References</th><td class="infobox-data"><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201371−72_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201371−72-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>R-17 Elbrus</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Р-17, 9К72 «Эльбрус»</span>, named for <a href="/wiki/Mount_Elbrus" title="Mount Elbrus">Mount Elbrus</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/GRAU_index" class="mw-redirect" title="GRAU index">GRAU index</a> <b>9K72</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Tactical_ballistic_missile" title="Tactical ballistic missile">tactical ballistic missile</a>, initially developed by the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>. It is also known by its <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> <a href="/wiki/Reporting_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Reporting name">reporting name</a> <b>SS-1C <a href="/wiki/Scud" class="mw-redirect" title="Scud">Scud</a>-B</b>. It is one of several Soviet missiles to carry the reporting name <a href="/wiki/Scud" class="mw-redirect" title="Scud">Scud</a>; the most prolifically launched of the series, with a production run estimated at 7,000 (1960–1987). Also designated <b>R-300</b> during the 1970s, the R-17 was derived from the <a href="/wiki/R-11_Zemlya" title="R-11 Zemlya">R-11 Zemlya</a>. It has been operated by 32 countries and manufactured in four countries outside the Soviet Union. It is still in service with some. The North Koreans reverse-engineered it as the <a href="/wiki/Hwasong-5" title="Hwasong-5">Hwasong-5</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R-17_Elbrus&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first <a href="/wiki/Battleship_(rocketry)" title="Battleship (rocketry)">mock-up</a> was designed and built by Makeyev in 1958–1959, before the programme was transferred to the <a href="/wiki/Votkinsk_Machine_Building_Plant" title="Votkinsk Machine Building Plant">Votkinsk Machine Building Plant</a> in 1959 for mass production. The first launch was conducted in 1961, and it entered service in 1962, mounted on the 2P19 tracked <a href="/wiki/Transporter_erector_launcher" title="Transporter erector launcher">transporter erector launcher</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201331_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201331-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wz8K14_RB3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Wz8K14_RB3.jpg/220px-Wz8K14_RB3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Wz8K14_RB3.jpg/330px-Wz8K14_RB3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Wz8K14_RB3.jpg/440px-Wz8K14_RB3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="695" data-file-height="772" /></a><figcaption>The rear section of an 8K14 missile, showing the fixed fins and the graphite vanes that control the missile's path.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2TZM-5306.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/2TZM-5306.JPG/220px-2TZM-5306.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/2TZM-5306.JPG/330px-2TZM-5306.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/2TZM-5306.JPG/440px-2TZM-5306.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>R-17 on reload transport trailer with <a href="/wiki/ZIL-131" title="ZIL-131">ZIL-131</a> tractor</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R-17_Elbrus&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The R-17 featured important improvements over the R-11. The <a href="/wiki/Aleksei_Mihailovich_Isaev" class="mw-redirect" title="Aleksei Mihailovich Isaev">Isayev</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=RD-21&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RD-21 (page does not exist)">RD-21</a> engine used a combination of inhibited <a href="/wiki/Red_fuming_nitric_acid" title="Red fuming nitric acid">red fuming nitric acid</a> (IRFNA) <a href="/wiki/Oxidiser" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxidiser">oxidiser</a> and <a href="/wiki/Unsymmetrical_dimethylhydrazine" title="Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine">unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine</a> (UDMH) fuel, fed into the <a href="/wiki/Combustion_chamber" title="Combustion chamber">combustion chamber</a> by fuel pumps that ensured a more consistent thrust. The guidance system, active only during the boosted phase, uses three <a href="/wiki/Gyroscope" title="Gyroscope">gyroscopes</a>, that give it a <a href="/wiki/Circular_error_probable" title="Circular error probable">Circular Error Probable</a> (CEP) of 450 m<sup id="cite_ref-Jane's_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jane's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (900 m according to western sources<sup id="cite_ref-FAS_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAS-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). A nuclear warhead was designed for the R-17, with a selectable yield, from 5 to 70 kilotons. However it could also carry a chemical warhead, containing 555 kg of viscous <a href="/wiki/VX_(nerve_agent)" title="VX (nerve agent)">VX</a>; a conventional weapon, with a single <a href="/wiki/High_explosives" class="mw-redirect" title="High explosives">high explosive</a> warhead; or a series of fragmentation payloads, using either high explosive, anti-tank or anti-runway munitions.<sup id="cite_ref-Jane's_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jane's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SS-1C_Scud_B_missiles_on_TEL.JPEG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/SS-1C_Scud_B_missiles_on_TEL.JPEG/220px-SS-1C_Scud_B_missiles_on_TEL.JPEG" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/SS-1C_Scud_B_missiles_on_TEL.JPEG/330px-SS-1C_Scud_B_missiles_on_TEL.JPEG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/SS-1C_Scud_B_missiles_on_TEL.JPEG/440px-SS-1C_Scud_B_missiles_on_TEL.JPEG 2x" data-file-width="2990" data-file-height="1957" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/MAZ-543" class="mw-redirect" title="MAZ-543">MAZ-543</a> Uragan carrying a 9K72 Elbrus</figcaption></figure> <p>At first, the R-17 was carried on a tracked TEL similar to that of the R-11, designated 2P19, but this was not very successful, as the vibration of the tracks had a tendency to interfere with the launch electronics. Production of this model was halted after <a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Khrushchev</a> cancelled the production of heavy tanks in 1962, and a wheeled launcher was designed by the Titan Central Design Bureau, becoming operational in 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201331−32,_35_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201331−32,_35-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new <a href="/wiki/MAZ-543" class="mw-redirect" title="MAZ-543">MAZ-543</a> vehicle was officially designated 9P117 <i>Uragan</i>, and its Russian crews nicknamed it <i>Kashalot</i> (<a href="/wiki/Sperm_whale" title="Sperm whale">sperm whale</a>), because of its size.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201335_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201335-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The eight-wheeled MAZ-543 has a loaded weight of 37,400 kg, a road speed of 55 km/h and a range of 650 km. It can carry out the launch sequence autonomously, but this is usually directed from a separate command vehicle. The missile is raised to a vertical position by means of hydraulically powered cranes, which usually takes four minutes, while the total sequence lasts about one hour.<sup id="cite_ref-Jane's_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jane's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Constitution">Constitution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R-17_Elbrus&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Constitution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the early 1960s R-17 missile brigades were deployed at front level with two brigades with a total of nine launchers and at army level with one brigade per army with six launchers each. Due the complexity of early launchers, each brigade had a strength of about 3,500 men plus 700 assorted vehicles. A Scud brigade included a headquarters and staff, two launch battalions (with about 745 men plus 265 vehicles and motorcycles), a technical battery, meteorological battery, repair battery, supply battery, engineer vehicle company, chemical defense platoon, and medical platoon.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201348_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201348-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A Scud battery originally included six 2P19 launchers, eight 2T3 missile trailers, three 9F21 nuclear warhead shelter trucks, ten command vehicles, six VAZ-452 survey vehicles, four 8T210 crane vehicles, three 8G1 fuel trucks and four 8G17 oxidizer trucks. Following the introduction of the <a href="/wiki/TR-1_Temp" title="TR-1 Temp">TR-1 Temp</a> to front level service, most Scud brigades were reassigned to support combined-arms armies. By 1967, R-17 brigades had about 1,200 men and 12 launchers each, thanks to the introduction of the 9P117 TEL and improved handling equipment. In the late 1970s and early 1980s some Scud brigades assigned to the border with NATO had an additional battery included per battalion, increasing the total number of launchers to 18. After one of these brigades was disbanded in 1979, its launchers were reassigned to other two brigades in <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a>, creating two brigades with 27 launchers (featuring 3 battalions with 9 launchers each). Prior to the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">dissolution of the Soviet Union</a> in 1991, the Soviet Army had a total of 35 Scud brigades with approximately 450 launchers.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201348−49_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201348−49-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Combat_use">Combat use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R-17_Elbrus&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Combat use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R-17_Elbrus&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Afghanistan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The most extensive use of the Scud took place during the final phase of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet-Afghan_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet-Afghan war">Soviet-Afghan war</a>. When the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_withdrawal_from_Afghanistan" title="Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan">Soviets began their withdrawal from the country</a> in May 1988, the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_Afghanistan" title="Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan">Afghan Army</a> received R-17E missiles as a substitute for the Soviet airpower. While the Afghan Scuds were nominally assigned to the 99th missile brigade in Afshur, in reality they were mostly operated by Soviet personnel with Afghans being gradually integrated into the unit. They were used against the <a href="/wiki/Afghan_mujahideen" title="Afghan mujahideen">Afghan mujahideen</a> ammunition dumps near the Pakistan border and during the successful <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jalalabad_(1989)" title="Battle of Jalalabad (1989)">defense of Jalalabad</a>, where 438 Scuds were launched in total.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201392_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201392-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Through October 1989, another 995 Scuds were launched against the Mujahideen. As the Soviets concluded their withdrawal and the country descended into protracted civil war, the number of Scud launches declined. By May 1991, the 99th Missile Brigade had fired 1,554 of the approximately 1,700 Scud missiles received. On 24 April 1992, the mujahideen forces of <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Shah_Massoud" title="Ahmad Shah Massoud">Ahmad Shah Massoud</a> captured the Afshur military base alongside most its remaining Scud missiles (about 50 missiles) and launcher. Other mujahideen factions also captured a few missiles and TELs, but they couldn't launch them without the help of former 99th Missile Brigade personnel. During the <a href="/wiki/Afghan_Civil_War_(1992%E2%80%931996)" title="Afghan Civil War (1992–1996)">Afghan civil war</a>, about 44 missiles were fired between April 1991 and spring 1996 by several factions in various battles. The Taliban managed to capture part of the surviving stockpile during the fighting in the late 1990s, but due the poor state of the equipment and lack of trained personnel, only five missiles were fired after the summer of 1996. Following the <a href="/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Afghanistan" title="United States invasion of Afghanistan">United States invasion of Afghanistan</a> in 2001, the remaining four functional launchers were scrapped in the <a href="/wiki/Panjshir_Valley" title="Panjshir Valley">Panjshir Valley</a> in January 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201392−93_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201392−93-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Armenia">Armenia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R-17_Elbrus&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Armenia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/2020_Nagorno-Karabakh_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict">2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict</a>, the Armenians reportedly fired Scud and <a href="/wiki/Tochka" class="mw-redirect" title="Tochka">Tochka</a> missiles on the city of <a href="/wiki/Ganja,_Azerbaijan" title="Ganja, Azerbaijan">Ganja, Azerbaijan</a>. Analysts of the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Strategic_and_International_Studies" title="Center for Strategic and International Studies">Center for Strategic and International Studies</a> noted that Armenia probably used their Soviet-era Scud and Tochka missiles to conserve their small stockpile of the more advanced <a href="/wiki/Iskander" class="mw-redirect" title="Iskander">Iskander</a> missiles and to avoid escalating the conflict beyond the Nagorno-Karabakh region. They also noted that both Armenia and Azerbaijan could hit most targets in the region with long-range rocket artillery, limiting the tactical value of using expensive ballistic missiles.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Egypt">Egypt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R-17_Elbrus&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Egypt"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Egypt received nine TELs and about 18 R-17E missiles in 1973, shortly before the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Yom_Kippur_War" title="Yom Kippur War">Yom Kippur War</a>. They were assigned to the 65th Artillery Brigade, attached to the 3rd Field Army at the time. <a href="/wiki/Anwar_Sadat" title="Anwar Sadat">Anwar Sadat</a> threatened to fire Scud missiles at Israeli cities, but when Israel placed its nuclear <a href="/wiki/Jericho_missile" class="mw-redirect" title="Jericho missile">Jericho missiles</a> in plain view of Soviet reconnaissance satellites, the Soviets forced Sadat to reconsider. The 65th Artillery Brigade would later fire three missiles (with the help of Soviet advisers) against Israeli pontoon bridges over the <a href="/wiki/Suez_Canal" title="Suez Canal">Suez Canal</a> near Deversoir, but the missiles exploded too far to cause damage. The <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Defense_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli Defense Forces">Israeli Defense Forces</a> were unaware of the missile attack until they discovered the impact craters in the desert days later. After the war, the Soviets finished equipping the 65th Artillery Brigade, but support ceased during the late 1970s with the deterioration of relations between the Egyptians and the Soviets. As a result, Egypt decided to refurbish and improve its inventory of Scud missiles with North Korean assistance during the 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201378_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201378-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iran">Iran</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R-17_Elbrus&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Iran"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lacking the ability of striking targets more than 150 km (93 mi) beyond its border during the early stages of the <a href="/wiki/Iran-Iraq_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Iran-Iraq war">Iran-Iraq war</a>, the Iranians entered negotiations with the <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libyans</a>, who agreed to send two TELs and around 20 R-17 missiles to Iran, alongside instructors to train Iranian personnel.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESamore201395_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESamore201395-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 12 March, 1985 the first Iranian Scud was launched by the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Revolutionary_Guard_Corps" title="Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps">Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps</a> (IRGC) Khatam al-Anbiya Missile Unit against <a href="/wiki/Kirkuk" title="Kirkuk">Kirkuk</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201380_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201380-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a> was attacked with 13 missiles while Kirkuk was attacked by another missile before an agreement to halt the firing of ballistic missiles was reached in June 1984. Following their success in striking Iraq's capital, the Iranians led new diplomatic missions to acquire more Scuds. The Libyans, under pressure from Moscow, refused to send any more missiles. <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> is believed to have supplied Iran with about a dozen missiles (despite Soviet objections), allowing them to fire launch another eight missiles against Baghdad and other Iraqi cities in the second half of 1986.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESamore201395_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESamore201395-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Iranians also turned to <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a>, which was manufacturing an unlicensed copy of the R-17, known as the <b><a href="/wiki/Hwasong-5" title="Hwasong-5">Hwasong-5</a></b> ("Mars") with Egyptian assistance.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201382,_96_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201382,_96-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It's estimated that North Korea provided Iran with 6−12 TELs and up to 200 Hwasong-5 missiles between 1987 and 1992, though some reports claim that as many as 300 missiles were delivered.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESamore201396_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESamore201396-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iraq">Iraq</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R-17_Elbrus&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Iraq"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Iraq acquired a Scud B brigade with 11 TELs and 819 missiles in 1974, shortly after Egypt.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201376,_80_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201376,_80-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When war broke out with Iran in 1980, the Iraqi Brigade 224 launched some missiles, but most of the strikes against Iranian targets were conducted by the <a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Air_Force" title="Iraqi Air Force">Iraqi Air Force</a>. Following a failed air campaign, the Brigade 224 was deployed to strike Iranian cities along the border.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201380_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201380-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following Iranian Scud strikes in Baghdad, <a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein">Saddam Hussein</a> attempted to buy long-range missiles to strike <a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a>, but faced with Moscow refusal, the Iraqis began modifying their existing stockpile of Scud B missiles, extending the fuel tanks to carry more propellant and reducing the size of the warhead. The resulting missile was dubbed the <b><a href="/wiki/Al-Husayn_(missile)" title="Al-Husayn (missile)">Al-Husayn</a></b> after <a href="/wiki/Husayn_ibn_Ali" title="Husayn ibn Ali">Husayn ibn Ali</a>. It had a range of 650 km (400 mi) in comparison to the maximum range of 300 km (190 mi) of the R-17E missile. Initially these missiles were assembled by cannibalizing other Scud missiles, consuming three Scuds for every Al-Husayn, though eventually the Iraqis managed to convert Scud missiles on a one-to-one ratio by manufacturing some components locally. After another Soviet shipment of 118 R-17E missiles arrived in 1988, Iraq was able to build around 250 Al Husayn missiles. During the final phase of the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_cities" title="War of the cities">War of the cities</a> starting in 29 February 1988, Iraq launched several Al Husayns at Tehran, with a profoundly demoralizing effect on the civilians and forcing around a quarter of the 10 million inhabitants to be evacuated from the city by the early spring. Both sides agreed to halt the missile attacks on 20 April 1988, but Iraq managed to bring Iran to the negotiating table following the missile campaign.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201381−82_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201381−82-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Iraqis continued the development of extended range Scud missiles after the war ended, including the <a href="/wiki/Al-Abbas_(missile)" title="Al-Abbas (missile)">Al-Abbas</a> with a range of 860 km (530 mi), and the <a href="/wiki/Al_Hijarah_(missile)" title="Al Hijarah (missile)">Al Hijarah</a> with a concrete warhead for penetrating hardened targets such as Iranian or Israeli nuclear facilities. They were less successful at manufacturing Scud copies, due the difficulty in producing some of the more complex components such as engine turbo-pumps and guidance gyroscopes. Iraqi engineers also worked on locally building TELs (based on commercial trucks) and some static launchers (to be used against Israel).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201382−84_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201382−84-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Gulf war">Gulf war</a>, the Brigade 224 carried missile strikes against Israel and <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>, with at least 42 against the former and 46 against the latter. The Coalition forces employed <a href="/wiki/MIM-104_Patriot" title="MIM-104 Patriot">MIM-104 Patriots</a> to intercept Iraqi Al Husayn missiles. A problem faced by the Patriot was the Al Husayn poor design: due the stretched fuselage, the missile became unstable upon descent, desintegrating upon atmospheric re-entry, forcing Patriots to choose which trail of debris to intercept, with critics pointing out that 1.8 tons of missile debris hitting the ground at high speed could still cause signficant damage regardless of whether the Scud warhead detonated. Regardless of the controversy, Zaloga argues that the use of Patriots did serve the political purpose of restraining the Israeli response to the Iraqi missile strikes which could have severely affected the cohesion of the Coalition.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201385−87_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201385−87-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most of the Iraqi fixed Scud launchers were destroyed by Coalition airstrikes, while attempts of destroying Iraq's 9P117 TELs failed, with 1,500 sorties and no hits scored. After the war, the Coalition forced Iraq to destroy its remaining stockpiles of Scud missiles, though suspicions that Iraq had failed to do so would persist for the next decade.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201388_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201388-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Libya">Libya</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R-17_Elbrus&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Libya"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1974, Libya received at least six battalions of Scud missiles, with 72 TELs and around 200−300 missiles.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201376_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201376-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of these missiles were sent to Iran in the War of the cities.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESamore201395_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESamore201395-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201390_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201390-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1986, <a href="/wiki/Muammar_Gaddafi" title="Muammar Gaddafi">Muammar Gaddafi</a> ordered a Scud missile strike against a <a href="/wiki/LORAN-C_transmitter_Lampedusa" title="LORAN-C transmitter Lampedusa">United States facility</a> on the Italian island of <a href="/wiki/Lampedusa" title="Lampedusa">Lampedusa</a> in retaliation for the <a href="/wiki/1986_United_States_bombing_of_Libya" title="1986 United States bombing of Libya">United States bombing of Libya</a>. Two missiles were fired, but they fell short of their mark, causing no damage.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201390_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201390-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It has been rumoured that R-17s were fired by loyalist forces against rebels in the <a href="/wiki/2011_Libyan_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Libyan civil war">2011 Libyan civil war</a> during the first phase of the war.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 14 August 2011 a confirmed R-17 launch was detected by a US <a href="/wiki/Aegis_Combat_System" title="Aegis Combat System">Aegis</a> destroyer, with the missile fired from <a href="/wiki/Sirte" title="Sirte">Sirte</a> and heading toward rebel positions in <a href="/wiki/Ajdabiya" title="Ajdabiya">Ajdabiya</a>. The missile fell 80 km off target in the middle of the desert, inflicting no damage.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eight days later, on August 22, three more R-17 launches were detected by NATO.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Yemen">Yemen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R-17_Elbrus&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Yemen"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the late 1970s, <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a> acquired a Scud brigade. During <a href="/wiki/Yemeni_civil_war_(1994)" title="Yemeni civil war (1994)">the civil war in May−June 1994</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southern_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Yemen">Southern Yemeni</a> rebels fired Scud missiles against the capital <a href="/wiki/Sanaa" title="Sanaa">Sanaa</a>, prompting the <a href="/wiki/Yemen_Arab_Republic" title="Yemen Arab Republic">Northern forces</a> to retaliate with Tochka missiles. Around 30 R-17 and 35 Tochka missiles were fired by the end of the conflict.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201390−91_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201390−91-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the 2015 <a href="/wiki/Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen" title="Houthi takeover in Yemen">Houthi takeover in Yemen</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Houthi" class="mw-redirect" title="Houthi">Houthis</a> managed to capture the country pre-war stocks of Scud B and <a href="/wiki/Hwasong-6" title="Hwasong-6">Hwasong-6</a> missiles. They were used against the internationally recognized government forces during the summer of 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESamaan2023162_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESamaan2023162-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the <a href="/wiki/OSINT" class="mw-redirect" title="OSINT">OSINT</a> website <i>Oryx</i>, most Scuds (and Hwasongs) were convered into <a href="/wiki/Burkan-1" title="Burkan-1">Burkan</a> missiles until their stockpiles were depleted.<sup id="cite_ref-Oryx_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oryx-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 2016, the Houthis have used domestically produced missiles with Iranian assistance instead.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESamaan2023162_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESamaan2023162-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R-17_Elbrus&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Specifications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Range – 300 km,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>CEP – 500–900 m<sup id="cite_ref-inbsite_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inbsite-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Type of fuel – liquid</li> <li>Preparation time – 1 hour</li> <li>Period of storage – 19 years (in stock), 6 month (in combat condition)</li> <li>Flight time – 15 minutes</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operators">Operators</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R-17_Elbrus&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Operators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current">Current</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R-17_Elbrus&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Current"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> – 7+ launchers as of 2024<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024179_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024179-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> − 9 launchers as of 2024<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024b348_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024b348-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> − Produced locally as the <a href="/wiki/Hwasong-5" title="Hwasong-5">Hwasong-5</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024a282_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024a282-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024b386_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024b386-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a> − 16 launchers as of 2024<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIISS2024209_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIISS2024209-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former">Former</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R-17_Elbrus&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Former"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> − The last 4 operational launchers were scrapped in 2005<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201393_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201393-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jane's_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jane's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a> − Scrapped<sup id="cite_ref-Jane's_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jane's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201362_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201362-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> − Passed on to successor states<sup id="cite_ref-Jane's_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jane's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> − Scrapped<sup id="cite_ref-Jane's_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jane's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jane's_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jane's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201362_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201362-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jane's_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jane's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> − 20 missiles and 2 TELs supplied by Libya in 1982,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201380_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201380-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Syrian Scud B and North Korean Hwasong-5 missiles were also used<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESamore201395−96_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESamore201395−96-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Iraq_%281991%E2%80%932004%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq_%281991%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Iraq_%281991%E2%80%932004%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq_%281991%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Iraq_%281991%E2%80%932004%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Iraq_%281991%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> − Includes local modifications: <a href="/wiki/Al-Husayn_(missile)" title="Al-Husayn (missile)">Al-Husayn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Al-Abbas_(missile)" title="Al-Abbas (missile)">Al-Abbas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Al_Hijarah_(missile)" title="Al Hijarah (missile)">Al Hijarah</a> missiles<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201381−83_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201381−83-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jane's_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jane's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Libya_%281977%E2%80%932011%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Libya_%281977%E2%80%932011%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Libya_%281977%E2%80%932011%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Libya_%281977%E2%80%932011%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Libya_%281977%E2%80%932011%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Libya_%281977%E2%80%932011%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201376_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201376-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> − Scrapped<sup id="cite_ref-Jane's_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jane's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jane's_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jane's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jane's_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jane's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jane's_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jane's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> − Passed on to successor states<sup id="cite_ref-Jane's_2-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jane's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jane's_2-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jane's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201376_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201376-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/45px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a> − Pre-war stocks depleted during the <a href="/wiki/Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present)" title="Yemeni civil war (2014–present)">Yemeni civil war (2014–present)</a>. Most were converted into <a href="/wiki/Burkan-1" title="Burkan-1">Burkan missiles</a> by the Houthis<sup id="cite_ref-Oryx_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oryx-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R-17_Elbrus&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hwasong-5" title="Hwasong-5">Hwasong-5</a> <span style="font-style:normal"> – (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wikidata: country of origin">North Korea</span>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hwasong-6" title="Hwasong-6">Hwasong-6</a> <span style="font-style:normal"> – (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wikidata: country of origin">North Korea</span>)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R-17_Elbrus&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201313-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201313_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZaloga2013">Zaloga 2013</a>, p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jane's-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jane's_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jane's_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jane's_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jane's_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jane's_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jane's_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jane's_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jane's_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jane's_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jane's_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jane's_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jane's_2-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jane's_2-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jane's_2-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jane's_2-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jane's_2-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jane's_2-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jane's_2-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071215141138/http://www.janes.com/security/international_security/news/misc/sws_scud010426.shtml">"SS-1 'Scud' (R-11/8K11, R-11FM (SS-N-1B) and R-17/8K14)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jane%27s_Information_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Jane's Information Group">Jane's Information Group</a>. 26 April 2001. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.janes.com/security/international_security/news/misc/sws_scud010426.shtml">the original</a> on 15 December 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-02-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SS-1+%27Scud%27+%28R-11%2F8K11%2C+R-11FM+%28SS-N-1B%29+and+R-17%2F8K14%29&rft.pub=Jane%27s+Information+Group&rft.date=2001-04-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.janes.com%2Fsecurity%2Finternational_security%2Fnews%2Fmisc%2Fsws_scud010426.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR-17+Elbrus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201329-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201329_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201329_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZaloga2013">Zaloga 2013</a>, p. 29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga201392-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201392_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga201392_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZaloga2013">Zaloga 2013</a>, p. 92.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-inbsite-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-inbsite_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inbsite_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130331080952/http://inbsite.com/missiles1.html">"Баллистические ракеты России"</a> [Russian Ballistic Missiles]. <i>InBSite.com</i>. 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September 9, 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080307011309/http://www.fas.org/nuke/guide/russia/theater/r-11.htm">Archived</a> from the original on March 7, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Military+Balance&rft.atitle=Chapter+Five%3A+Asia&rft.volume=124&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=218-327&rft.date=2024-02-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F04597222.2024.2298593&rft.issn=0459-7222&rft.au=International+Institute+for+Strategic+Studies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Ffull%2F10.1080%2F04597222.2024.2298593&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR-17+Elbrus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIISS2024b" class="citation journal cs1">International Institute for Strategic Studies (12 February 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/04597222.2024.2298594">"Chapter Six: Middle East and North Africa"</a>. <i>The Military Balance</i>. <b>124</b> (1). Taylor & Francis: 328–395. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F04597222.2024.2298594">10.1080/04597222.2024.2298594</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0459-7222">0459-7222</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Military+Balance&rft.atitle=Chapter+Six%3A+Middle+East+and+North+Africa&rft.volume=124&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=328-395&rft.date=2024-02-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F04597222.2024.2298594&rft.issn=0459-7222&rft.au=International+Institute+for+Strategic+Studies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Ffull%2F10.1080%2F04597222.2024.2298594&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR-17+Elbrus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSamaan2023" class="citation book cs1">Samaan, Jean-Loup (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=R2rMEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA162"><i>New Military Strategies in the Gulf: The Mirage of Autonomy in Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Qatar</i></a>. Bloomsbury Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7556-5073-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7556-5073-6"><bdi>978-0-7556-5073-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+Military+Strategies+in+the+Gulf%3A+The+Mirage+of+Autonomy+in+Saudi+Arabia%2C+the+UAE+and+Qatar&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=978-0-7556-5073-6&rft.aulast=Samaan&rft.aufirst=Jean-Loup&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DR2rMEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA162&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR-17+Elbrus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSamore2013" class="citation book cs1">Samore, Gary (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ea9FAAAAQBAJ"><i>Iran's Strategic Weapons Programmes: A Net Assessment</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-136-77673-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-136-77673-1"><bdi>978-1-136-77673-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Iran%27s+Strategic+Weapons+Programmes%3A+A+Net+Assessment&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-136-77673-1&rft.aulast=Samore&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEa9FAAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR-17+Elbrus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZaloga2013" class="citation book cs1">Zaloga, Steven J. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8X-HCwAAQBAJ"><i>Scud Ballistic Missile and Launch Systems 1955–2005</i></a>. Bloomsbury Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4728-0306-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4728-0306-1"><bdi>978-1-4728-0306-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Scud+Ballistic+Missile+and+Launch+Systems+1955%E2%80%932005&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-4728-0306-1&rft.aulast=Zaloga&rft.aufirst=Steven+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8X-HCwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR-17+Elbrus" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R-17_Elbrus&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090426073653/http://www.new-factoria.ru/missile/wobb/8k14/8k14.shtml"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">9К72 (Р-300) - Информационная система "Ракетная техника"</span></span></a> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160530054033/http://9k72.ru/"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Ракетный комплекс 9К72</span></span></a> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150626173950/http://military-informer.narod.ru/rocets-Scud.html"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">9К72 "Эльбрус" Scud-B ракетный комплекс - Военный Информатор. Основы военной доктрины</span></span></a> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scucin-avia.narod.ru/dalnij/prtb/prtb_rakety/9k72.htm"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Оперативно-тактический ракетный комплекс 9К72 "Эльбрус"</span></span></a> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://a-1575-1.narod.ru/kompleks.html"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">9К72 (Р-300) - 159 ракетная бригада ОТР</span></span></a> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://voencom.net/index.php?id=136"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Военком - Оперативно-тактический ракетный комплекс 9К72 "Эльбрус"</span></span></a> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://raketa-8k14.narod.ru/">Ракета 8К14 (Р-17)</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rusarmy.com/brone/otrk_9k72_elbrus.htm"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">RusArmy.com - Ракетный комплекс 9К72 "Эльбрус"</span></span></a> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legion.wplus.net/guide/army/rk/9k72.shtml"><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru">9K72 «Elbrus» tactical missile system</i></span></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110926105212/http://legion.wplus.net/guide/army/rk/9k72.shtml">Archived</a> 2011-09-26 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R-11_Zemlya" title="R-11 Zemlya">R-11 Zemlya</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R-17 Elbrus</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/45px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Husayn_(missile)" title="Al-Husayn (missile)">Al-Husayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Hijarah_(missile)" title="Al Hijarah (missile)">Al Hijarah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Samoud_2" title="Al-Samoud 2">Al-Samoud 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Abbas_(missile)" title="Al-Abbas (missile)">Al-Abbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Tammuz_(missile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Tammuz (missile)">Al-Tammuz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen"><img alt="Yemen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/45px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burkan-1" title="Burkan-1">Burkan-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkan-2" title="Burkan-2">Burkan-2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea"><img alt="North Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hwasong-5" title="Hwasong-5">Hwasong-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hwasong-6" title="Hwasong-6">Hwasong-6</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Russian_and_former_Soviet_military_designation_sequences_for_radar,_missile_and_rocket_systems" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Russian_and_Soviet_military_designation_sequences" title="Template:Russian and Soviet military designation sequences"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Russian_and_Soviet_military_designation_sequences" title="Template talk:Russian and Soviet military designation sequences"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Russian_and_Soviet_military_designation_sequences" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Russian and Soviet military designation sequences"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Russian_and_former_Soviet_military_designation_sequences_for_radar,_missile_and_rocket_systems" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Russian and former Soviet military designation sequences for radar, missile and rocket systems</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Radar<br />systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Land-based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=A-100_radar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A-100 radar (page does not exist)">A-100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-3_radar" title="P-3 radar">P-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-8_radar" title="P-8 radar">P-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-10_radar" title="P-10 radar">P-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-12_radar" title="P-12 radar">P-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-14_radar" title="P-14 radar">P-14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-15_radar" title="P-15 radar">P-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-18_radar" title="P-18 radar">P-18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-19_radar" title="P-19 radar">P-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-20_radar" title="P-20 radar">P-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-30_radar" title="P-30 radar">P-30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-35_radar" title="P-35 radar">P-35</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=P-37_radar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="P-37 radar (page does not exist)">P-37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-40_radar" title="P-40 radar">P-40</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=P-50_radar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="P-50 radar (page does not exist)">P-50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-70_radar" title="P-70 radar">P-70</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=P-80_Zubr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="P-80 Zubr (page does not exist)">P-80</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=P-100_Oniks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="P-100 Oniks (page does not exist)">P-100</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabina_66&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kabina 66 (page does not exist)">Kabina 66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasta_2E" title="Kasta 2E">Kasta 2E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5N65_radar" title="5N65 radar">RSN-225 Azov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNR-75" title="SNR-75">SNR-75</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1S91" class="mw-redirect" title="1S91">1S91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30N6" class="mw-redirect" title="30N6">30N6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-300_(missile)#Radar" class="mw-redirect" title="S-300 (missile)">36D6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/64N6" class="mw-redirect" title="64N6">64N6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/76N6" class="mw-redirect" title="76N6">76N6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/96L6E" class="mw-redirect" title="96L6E">96L6E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9S15" class="mw-redirect" title="9S15">9S15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9S19" class="mw-redirect" title="9S19">9S19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9S32" class="mw-redirect" title="9S32">9S32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duga_radar" title="Duga radar">Duga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnestr_radar" title="Dnestr radar">Dnestr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnepr_radar" class="mw-redirect" title="Dnepr radar">Dnepr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daryal_radar" title="Daryal radar">Daryal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunay_radar" title="Dunay radar">Dunay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hantsavichy_Radar_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Hantsavichy Radar Station">Volga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don-2N_radar" title="Don-2N radar">Don-2N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voronezh_radar" title="Voronezh radar">Voronezh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Container_radar" title="Container radar">Container</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ship-borne</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Airborne</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mech_radar" title="Mech radar">N001</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ametist_radar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ametist radar (page does not exist)">N002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smerch_(radar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Smerch (radar)">N005</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ametist_radar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ametist radar (page does not exist)">N006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaslon" title="Zaslon">N007</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ametist_radar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ametist radar (page does not exist)">N008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuk_(radar)" title="Zhuk (radar)">N010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bars_radar" title="Bars radar">N011</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N012&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N012 (page does not exist)">N012</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N014&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N014 (page does not exist)">N014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubin_(radar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rubin (radar)">N019</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N025&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N025 (page does not exist)">N025</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irbis-E" title="Irbis-E">N035</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byelka_(radar)" title="Byelka (radar)">N036</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Missiles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ICBM</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BZhRK_Barguzin" title="BZhRK Barguzin">BZhRK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Rocket_1" title="Global Rocket 1">GR-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-7_Semyorka" title="R-7 Semyorka">R-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-9_Desna" title="R-9 Desna">R-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-16_(missile)" title="R-16 (missile)">R-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-26_(missile)" title="R-26 (missile)">R-26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-36_(missile)" title="R-36 (missile)">R-36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-36_(missile)" title="R-36 (missile)">R-36M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-46_(missile)" title="R-46 (missile)">R-46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-24_Yars" title="RS-24 Yars">RS-24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-26_Rubezh" title="RS-26 Rubezh">RS-26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-2" title="RT-2">RT-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-2PM" class="mw-redirect" title="RT-2PM">RT-2PM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-2UTTKh_Topol_M" class="mw-redirect" title="RT-2UTTKh Topol M">RT-2PM2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-20_(missile)" class="mw-redirect" title="RT-20 (missile)">RT-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-21_Temp_2S" title="RT-21 Temp 2S">RT-21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-23_Molodets" title="RT-23 Molodets">RT-23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-28_Sarmat" title="RS-28 Sarmat">RS-28 Sarmat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UR-100" title="UR-100">UR-100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MR-UR-100_Sotka" title="MR-UR-100 Sotka">UR-100MR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UR-100N" title="UR-100N">UR-100N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UR-200" title="UR-200">UR-200</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">IRBM</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R-14_Chusovaya" title="R-14 Chusovaya">R-14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RSD-10_Pioneer" title="RSD-10 Pioneer">RSD-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oreshnik_(missile)" title="Oreshnik (missile)">Oreshnik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">MRBM</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R-5_Pobeda" title="R-5 Pobeda">R-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-12_Dvina" title="R-12 Dvina">R-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-15" title="RT-15">RT-15</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">SRBM</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2K1_Mars" title="2K1 Mars">2K1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2K6_Luna" title="2K6 Luna">2K6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K52_Luna-M" title="9K52 Luna-M">9K52</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K720_Iskander" title="9K720 Iskander">9K720</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-1_(missile)" title="R-1 (missile)">R-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-2_(missile)" title="R-2 (missile)">R-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-11_(missile)" class="mw-redirect" title="R-11 (missile)">R-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-11_Zemlya" title="R-11 Zemlya">R-11A</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R-17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OTR-21_Tochka" title="OTR-21 Tochka">OTR-21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OTR-23_Oka" title="OTR-23 Oka">OTR-23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TR-1_Temp" title="TR-1 Temp">TR-1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">SLBM</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R-13_(missile)" title="R-13 (missile)">R-13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-15_(missile)" title="R-15 (missile)">R-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-21_(missile)" title="R-21 (missile)">R-21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-27_Zyb" title="R-27 Zyb">R-27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-29_Vysota" title="R-29 Vysota">R-29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-39_Rif" title="R-39 Rif">R-39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RSM-45_(missile)" class="mw-redirect" title="RSM-45 (missile)">RSM-45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RSM-56_Bulava" title="RSM-56 Bulava">RSM-56</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Surface-to-surface <br /> (cruise)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burya" title="Burya">Burya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RSS-40_Buran" title="RSS-40 Buran">RSS-40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3M-51_Alfa" title="3M-51 Alfa">3M-51 Alfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3M-54_Kalibr" class="mw-redirect" title="3M-54 Kalibr">3M-54 Kalibr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M730_Burevestnik" title="9M730 Burevestnik">9M730 Burevestnik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Surface-to-surface <br /> (naval)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/P-1_(missile)" class="mw-redirect" title="P-1 (missile)">P-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-5_Pyatyorka" class="mw-redirect" title="P-5 Pyatyorka">P-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-15_Termit" title="P-15 Termit">P-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-70_Ametist" title="P-70 Ametist">P-70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-120_Malakhit" title="P-120 Malakhit">P-120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-270_Moskit" title="P-270 Moskit">P-270</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-500_Bazalt" title="P-500 Bazalt">P-500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-700_Granit" title="P-700 Granit">P-700</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-750_Grom" class="mw-redirect" title="P-750 Grom">P-750</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-800_Oniks" title="P-800 Oniks">P-800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-900" class="mw-redirect" title="P-900">P-900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-900A" class="mw-redirect" title="P-900A">P-900A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-1000_Vulkan" class="mw-redirect" title="P-1000 Vulkan">P-1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RKV-500A" class="mw-redirect" title="RKV-500A">RKV-500A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RPK-2_Vyuga" title="RPK-2 Vyuga">RPK-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RPK-6_Vodopad" class="mw-redirect" title="RPK-6 Vodopad">RPK-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RPK-7_Veter" class="mw-redirect" title="RPK-7 Veter">RPK-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/URPK-3" class="mw-redirect" title="URPK-3">URPK-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/URPK-4" class="mw-redirect" title="URPK-4">URPK-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/URPK-5" class="mw-redirect" title="URPK-5">URPK-5</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Surface-to-air</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2K11_Krug" title="2K11 Krug">2K11 Krug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2K12_Kub" title="2K12 Kub">2K12 Kub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2K22_Tunguska" title="2K22 Tunguska">2K22 Tunguska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashtan_CIWS" title="Kashtan CIWS">Kashtan CIWS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K31_Strela-1" title="9K31 Strela-1">9K31 Strela-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K32_Strela-2" title="9K32 Strela-2">9K32 Strela-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K33_Osa" title="9K33 Osa">9K33 Osa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K34_Strela-3" title="9K34 Strela-3">9K34 Strela-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K38_Igla" title="9K38 Igla">9K38 Igla/9K338 Igla-S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K333_Verba" title="9K333 Verba">9K333 Verba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K35_Strela-10" title="9K35 Strela-10">9K35 Strela-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buk_missile_system" title="Buk missile system">9K37 Buk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tor_missile_system" title="Tor missile system">9K330 Tor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantsir_missile_system" title="Pantsir missile system">Pantsir-S1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/42S6_Morfey" title="42S6 Morfey">42S6 Morfey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-25_Berkut" title="S-25 Berkut">S-25 Berkut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-75_Dvina" title="S-75 Dvina">S-75 Dvina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-125_Neva/Pechora" title="S-125 Neva/Pechora">S-125 Neva/Pechora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-200_missile_system" title="S-200 missile system">S-200 Angara/Vega/Dubna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-300_missile_system" title="S-300 missile system">S-300</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-350_missile_system" title="S-350 missile system">S-350 (50R6) Vityaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-400_missile_system" title="S-400 missile system">S-400 Triumf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-500_missile_system" title="S-500 missile system">S-500/55R6M Triumfator-M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-11_Shtorm" title="M-11 Shtorm">M-11 Shtorm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sosna-R" class="mw-redirect" title="Sosna-R">Sosna-R</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Air-to-surface</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KSR-2" title="KSR-2">KSR-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KSR-5" title="KSR-5">KSR-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KS-1_Komet" title="KS-1 Komet">KS-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-10S" title="K-10S">K-10S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KSR-2" title="KSR-2">Kh-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-15" title="Kh-15">Kh-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-20" title="Kh-20">Kh-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-22" title="Kh-22">Kh-22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-23_Grom" title="Kh-23 Grom">Kh-23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-25" title="Kh-25">Kh-25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-26" class="mw-redirect" title="Kh-26">Kh-26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-28" title="Kh-28">Kh-28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-29" title="Kh-29">Kh-29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-31" title="Kh-31">Kh-31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-35" title="Kh-35">Kh-35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-38" title="Kh-38">Kh-38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-41" class="mw-redirect" title="Kh-41">Kh-41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-55" title="Kh-55">Kh-55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-58" title="Kh-58">Kh-58</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-59" title="Kh-59">Kh-59</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-80" title="Kh-80">Kh-80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-90" title="Kh-90">Kh-90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-101" title="Kh-101">Kh-101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K114_Shturm" title="9K114 Shturm">9M114V Shturm-V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes_(missile)" title="Hermes (missile)">Hermes-A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-47M2_Kinzhal" title="Kh-47M2 Kinzhal">Kh-47M2 Kinzhal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Air-to-air</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K-5_(missile)" title="K-5 (missile)">K-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-13_(missile)" title="K-13 (missile)">R-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-4_(missile)" title="R-4 (missile)">R-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-8_(missile)" title="K-8 (missile)">R-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-23_(missile)" title="R-23 (missile)">R-23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile)" title="R-27 (air-to-air missile)">R-27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-33_(missile)" title="R-33 (missile)">R-33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-37_(missile)" title="R-37 (missile)">R-37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-9_(missile)" title="K-9 (missile)">R-38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-40_(missile)" title="R-40 (missile)">R-40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-60_(missile)" title="R-60 (missile)">R-60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-73_(missile)" title="R-73 (missile)">R-73</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-77" title="R-77">R-77</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novator_KS-172" title="Novator KS-172">R-172</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Anti-tank</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3M6_Shmel" title="3M6 Shmel">3M6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K111_Fagot" title="9K111 Fagot">9K111</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K112_Kobra" title="9K112 Kobra">9K112</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K114_Shturm" title="9K114 Shturm">9K114</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K115_Metis" title="9K115 Metis">9K115</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K115-2_Metis-M" title="9K115-2 Metis-M">9K115-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K121_Vikhr" title="9K121 Vikhr">9K121</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M14_Malyutka" title="9M14 Malyutka">9M14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taifun_9M15" title="Taifun 9M15">9M15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M17_Fleyta" title="9M17 Fleyta">9M17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M113_Konkurs" title="9M113 Konkurs">9M113</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M117_Bastion" title="9M117 Bastion">9M117</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M119" class="mw-redirect" title="9M119">9M119</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M120_Ataka" title="9M120 Ataka">9M120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M123_Khrizantema" title="9M123 Khrizantema">9M123</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M133_Kornet" title="9M133 Kornet">9M133</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M133M_Kornet-M" title="9M133M Kornet-M">9M133M Kornet-M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kornet-D" title="Kornet-D">Kornet-D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes_(missile)" title="Hermes (missile)">Hermes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unguided<br />rockets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Air-launched</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RP-1_Izumrud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RP-1 Izumrud (page does not exist)">RP-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RP-5_Izumrud-5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RP-5 Izumrud-5 (page does not exist)">RP-5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RP-6_Sokol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RP-6 Sokol (page does not exist)">RP-6</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RP-9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RP-9 (page does not exist)">RP-9</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RP-15_Orel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RP-15 Orel (page does not exist)">RP-15</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RP-21_Saphir-21&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RP-21 Saphir-21 (page does not exist)">RP-21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-82_(rocket_family)" title="RS-82 (rocket family)">RS-82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-132" class="mw-redirect" title="RS-132">RS-132</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rocket artillery</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BM-14" title="BM-14">BM-14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BM-21_Grad" title="BM-21 Grad">BM-21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BM-24" title="BM-24">BM-24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BM-25_(MRL)" class="mw-redirect" title="BM-25 (MRL)">BM-25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BM-27_Uragan" title="BM-27 Uragan">BM-27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BM-30_Smerch" title="BM-30 Smerch">BM-30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOS-1" title="TOS-1">TOS-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOS-2" title="TOS-2">TOS-2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Engines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RD-8" title="RD-8">RD-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumansky_RD-9" title="Tumansky RD-9">RD-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumansky_R-11" title="Tumansky R-11">R-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumansky_R-13" title="Tumansky R-13">R-13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumansky_R-15" title="Tumansky R-15">R-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumansky_R-25" title="Tumansky R-25">R-25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumansky_R-29" title="Tumansky R-29">R-29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klimov_RD-33" title="Klimov RD-33">RD-33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-45" class="mw-redirect" title="RD-45">RD-45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-58" title="RD-58">RD-58</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-107" title="RD-107">RD-107</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-117" class="mw-redirect" title="RD-117">RD-117</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-0120" title="RD-0120">RD-0120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-0124" title="RD-0124">RD-0124</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-0146" title="RD-0146">RD-0146</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-170" title="RD-170">RD-170</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-180" title="RD-180">RD-180</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-191" title="RD-191">RD-191</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klimov_RD-500" title="Klimov RD-500">RD-500</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="USAF/DoD_reporting_names_for_Soviet_and_Chinese_aircraft_and_missiles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USAF/DoD_reporting_names" title="Template:USAF/DoD reporting names"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USAF/DoD_reporting_names" title="Template talk:USAF/DoD reporting names"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USAF/DoD_reporting_names" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USAF/DoD reporting names"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="USAF/DoD_reporting_names_for_Soviet_and_Chinese_aircraft_and_missiles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/USAF/DoD_reporting_names" title="USAF/DoD reporting names">USAF/DoD reporting names</a> for Soviet and Chinese aircraft and missiles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Type numbers<br />(1947–1955)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-9" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-9">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-15" title="Yakovlev Yak-15">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavochkin_La-150" title="Lavochkin La-150">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavochkin_La-152" title="Lavochkin La-152">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavochkin_La-152" title="Lavochkin La-152">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavochkin_La-160" title="Lavochkin La-160">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-19" title="Yakovlev Yak-19">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-9_(1946)" title="Sukhoi Su-9 (1946)">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-12" title="Tupolev Tu-12">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-22" title="Ilyushin Il-22">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_I-270" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich I-270">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_%2773%27" title="Tupolev '73'">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-25_(1947)" title="Yakovlev Yak-25 (1947)">13</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-15" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavochkin_La-168" title="Lavochkin La-168">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-17" title="Yakovlev Yak-17">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-9_(1946)" title="Sukhoi Su-9 (1946)">17</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-82" title="Tupolev Tu-82">17</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_I-320" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich I-320">18</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-15_(1949)" title="Sukhoi Su-15 (1949)">18</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KS-1_Komet" title="KS-1 Komet">19</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-15" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15">19</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-17" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17">20</a><sup>1,4</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-30_(1948)" title="Yakovlev Yak-30 (1948)">20</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavochkin_La-15" title="Lavochkin La-15">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-2" title="Tupolev Tu-2">22</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonov_An-2" title="Antonov An-2">22</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-12" title="Sukhoi Su-12">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-10" title="Yakovlev Yak-10">24</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-14" title="Yakovlev Yak-14">24</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsybin_Ts-25&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tsybin Ts-25 (page does not exist)">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-17" title="Yakovlev Yak-17">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-28" title="Ilyushin Il-28">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-23" title="Yakovlev Yak-23">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-15" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-28" title="Ilyushin Il-28">30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-85" title="Tupolev Tu-85">31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-1" title="Mil Mi-1">32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beriev_Be-8" title="Beriev Be-8">33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beriev_Be-6" title="Beriev Be-6">34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-14" title="Tupolev Tu-14">35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-4" title="Mil Mi-4">36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myasishchev_M-4" title="Myasishchev M-4">37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-24" title="Yakovlev Yak-24">38</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-17" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17">38</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-16" title="Tupolev Tu-16">39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-95" title="Tupolev Tu-95">40</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Research/prototype<br />aircraft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea_Monster" title="Caspian Sea Monster">CASP-A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-90_Orlyonok" title="A-90 Orlyonok">CASP-B</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kazan" title="Kazan">Kazan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-22M" title="Tupolev Tu-22M">KAZ-A</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Novosibirsk" title="Novosibirsk">Novosibirsk</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>NOVO-A<sup>3</sup></li> <li>NOVO-B<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_T-60S" title="Sukhoi T-60S">NOVO-C</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gromov_Flight_Research_Institute" title="Gromov Flight Research Institute">GFRI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>RAM-A<sup>3</sup></li> <li>RAM-B<sup>3</sup></li> <li>RAM-C<sup>3</sup></li> <li>RAM-D<sup>3</sup></li> <li>RAM-E<sup>3</sup></li> <li>RAM-F<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-38" title="Yakovlev Yak-38">RAM-G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-144" title="Tupolev Tu-144">RAM-H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-25" title="Sukhoi Su-25">RAM-J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-27" title="Sukhoi Su-27">RAM-K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan_MiG-29" title="Mikoyan MiG-29">RAM-L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myasishchev_M-55" title="Myasishchev M-55">RAM-M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-102" title="Ilyushin Il-102">RAM-N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-160" title="Tupolev Tu-160">RAM-P</a></li> <li>RAM-Q<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buran_programme" title="Buran programme">RAM-R</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OK-GLI" title="OK-GLI">R2</a></li></ul></li> <li>RAM-S<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-141" title="Yakovlev Yak-141">RAM-T</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chaplygin_Siberian_Scientific_Research_Institute_Of_Aviation" title="Chaplygin Siberian Scientific Research Institute Of Aviation">SibNIA</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-47" title="Sukhoi Su-47">SIB-A</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Taganrog" title="Taganrog">Taganrog</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bartini_Beriev_VVA-14" title="Bartini Beriev VVA-14">TAG-A</a></li> <li>TAG-B<sup>3</sup></li> <li>TAG-C<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beriev_A-40" title="Beriev A-40">TAG-D</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harbin" title="Harbin">Harbin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harbin_SH-5" title="Harbin SH-5">HARB-A</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nanchang" title="Nanchang">Nanchang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>NAN-A<sup>3</sup></li> <li>NAN-B<sup>3</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an">Xi'an</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shenyang_J-8" title="Shenyang J-8">XIAN-A</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Research/prototype<br />missiles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Barnaul" title="Barnaul">Barnaul</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>BL-01<sup>3</sup></li> <li>BL-02<sup>3</sup></li> <li>BL-03<sup>3</sup></li> <li>BL-04<sup>3</sup></li> <li>BL-05<sup>3</sup></li> <li>BL-06<sup>3</sup></li> <li>BL-07<sup>3</sup></li> <li>BL-08<sup>3</sup></li> <li>BL-09<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-80" title="Kh-80">BL-10</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Zhem,_Kazakhstan" title="Zhem, Kazakhstan">Embi-5</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>EM-01<sup>3</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kapustin_Yar" title="Kapustin Yar">Kapustin Yar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scud_missile" title="Scud missile">KY-01</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li>KY-02 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R-11_Zemlya" title="R-11 Zemlya">I</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-2_(missile)" title="R-2 (missile)">II</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-5_Pobeda" title="R-5 Pobeda">III</a><sup>5</sup></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">KY-03</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-12_Dvina" title="R-12 Dvina">KY-04</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-14_Chusovaya" title="R-14 Chusovaya">KY-05</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TR-1_Temp" title="TR-1 Temp">KY-06</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-15" title="RT-15">KY-07</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li>KY-08<sup>3</sup></li> <li>KY-09<sup>3</sup></li> <li>KY-10<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TR-1_Temp" title="TR-1 Temp">KY-11</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OTR-21_Tochka" title="OTR-21 Tochka">KY-12</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nyonoksa" title="Nyonoksa">Nyonoksa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>NE-01<sup>3</sup></li> <li>NE-02<sup>3</sup></li> <li>NE-03<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-39_Rif" title="R-39 Rif">NE-04</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Plesetsk" title="Plesetsk">Plesetsk</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RT-20P" title="RT-20P">PL-01</a></li> <li>PL-02<sup>3</sup></li> <li>PL-03<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-23_Molodets" title="RT-23 Molodets">PL-04</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-2PM_Topol" title="RT-2PM Topol">PL-05</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sary_Shagan" title="Sary Shagan">Sary Shagan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ABM-1_Galosh" title="ABM-1 Galosh">SH-01</a></li> <li>SH-02<sup>3</sup></li> <li>SH-03<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABM-1_Galosh" title="ABM-1 Galosh">SH-04</a><sup>4</sup></li> <li>SH-05<sup>3</sup></li> <li>SH-06<sup>3</sup></li> <li>SH-07<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/53T6" title="53T6">SH-08</a></li> <li>SH-09<sup>3</sup></li> <li>SH-10<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-135_anti-ballistic_missile_system" title="A-135 anti-ballistic missile system">SH-11</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/T%C3%B6retam" title="Töretam">Töretam</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>TT-01<sup>3</sup></li> <li>TT-02<sup>3</sup></li> <li>TT-03<sup>3</sup></li> <li>TT-04<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N1_(rocket)" title="N1 (rocket)">TT-05</a></li> <li>TT-06<sup>3</sup></li> <li>TT-07<sup>3</sup></li> <li>TT-08<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K720_Iskander" title="9K720 Iskander">TT-09</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimirovska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vladimirovska (page does not exist)">Vladimirovska</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>VA-01<sup>3</sup></li> <li>VA-02<sup>3</sup></li> <li>VA-03<sup>3</sup></li> <li>VA-04<sup>3</sup></li> <li>VA-05<sup>3</sup></li> <li>VA-06<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-15" title="Kh-15">VA-07</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li>VA-08<sup>3</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>1</sup> Listed in contemporary sources  •  <sup>2</sup> Bergander list (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://designation-systems.net/non-us/soviet.html#_Type_Note3">details</a>)  •  <sup>3</sup> Unknown/no details  •  <sup>4</sup> Possible error  •  <sup>5</sup> Unconfirmed</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=R-17_Elbrus&oldid=1259961634">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=R-17_Elbrus&oldid=1259961634</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Scud_missiles" title="Category:Scud missiles">Scud missiles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tactical_ballistic_missiles_of_the_Soviet_Union" 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