CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-not-available" lang="lo" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>ແສງແກມມາ - ວິກິພີເດຍ</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-not-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )lowikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["0\t1\t2\t3\t4\t5\t6\t7\t8\t9", "໐\t໑\t໒\t໓\t໔\t໕\t໖\t໗\t໘\t໙"],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","ມັງກອນ","ກຸມພາ","ມີນາ","ເມສາ","ພຶດສະພາ","ມິຖຸນາ","ກໍລະກົດ","ສິງຫາ","ກັນຍາ","ຕຸລາ","ພະຈິກ","ທັນວາ"],"wgRequestId":"9fdd810c-e01c-4c8c-be7f-9afb7211bb44","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"ແສງແກມມາ","wgTitle":"ແສງແກມມາ","wgCurRevisionId":110077,"wgRevisionId":110077,"wgArticleId":21222,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":[],"wgPageViewLanguage":"lo","wgPageContentLanguage":"lo","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"ແສງແກມມາ","wgRelevantArticleId":21222,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[], "wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"lo","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"lo"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":3000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q11523","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false, "wgSiteNoticeId":"2.0"};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions", "wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=lo&modules=ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=lo&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=lo&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Gamma_Decay.svg/1200px-Gamma_Decay.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="817"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Gamma_Decay.svg/800px-Gamma_Decay.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="545"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Gamma_Decay.svg/640px-Gamma_Decay.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="436"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="ແສງແກມມາ - ວິກິພີເດຍ"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//lo.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="ດັດແກ້" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="ວິກິພີເດຍ (lo)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//lo.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.lo"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="ອະຕອມຟີດ ວິກິພີເດຍ" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94:%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B8%E0%BA%94&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-ແສງແກມມາ rootpage-ແສງແກມມາ skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ປ້າຍບອກທາງ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BB%9C%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%81" title="ເຂົ້າຢ້ຽມຊົມໜ້າຫຼັກ[z]" accesskey="z"><span>ໜ້າຫຼັກ</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B5%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%8D:%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B9%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B8%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%99" title="ກ່ຽວກັບໂຄງການ, ສິ່ງທີ່ທ່ານເຮັດໄດ້, ແລະບ່ອນທີ່ສາມາດຫາສິ່ງຕ່າງໆໄດ້"><span>ປະຕູສູ່ຊຸມຊົນ</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94:%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B8%E0%BA%94" title="ລາຍການການປ່ຽນແປງລ້າສຸດໃນວິກິ[r]" accesskey="r"><span>ປ່ຽນແປງຫຼ້າສຸດ</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94:%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A1%E0%BB%83%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%9C%E0%BA%B6%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%87" title="ສຸ່ມໂຫຼດໜ້າໃດໜຶ່ງ[x]" accesskey="x"><span>ສຸ່ມບົດຄວາມ</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%8A%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%8D%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD:%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B7%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%AD%E0%BB%83%E0%BA%99" title="ບ່ອນທີ່ຕ້ອງການຄົ້ນຫາ"><span>ວິທີໃຊ້</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%E0%BB%9C%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%81" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="ວິກິພີເດຍ" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-lo.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 2em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-lo.svg" width="86" height="18" style="width: 5.375em; height: 1.125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94:%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%B2" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="ຄົ້ນຫາ ວິກິພີເດຍ[f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>ຊອກຫາ</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="ຊອກຫາ ວິກິພີເດຍ" aria-label="ຊອກຫາ ວິກິພີເດຍ" autocapitalize="sentences" title="ຄົ້ນຫາ ວິກິພີເດຍ[f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="ພິເສດ:ຊອກຫາ"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">ຊອກຫາ</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="ເຄື່ອງມືສ່ວນບຸກຄົນ"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=en" class=""><span>ບໍລິຈາກໃຫ້ວິກິພີເດຍ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94:%E0%BA%AA%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B5&returnto=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2" title="ນີ້ບໍ່ແມ່ນການບັງຄັບ. ແຕ່ຢ່າງໃດກໍຕາມ, ທ່ານຄວນທີ່ຈະສ້າງບັນຊີແລະເຂົ້າສູ່ລະບົບ." class=""><span>ສ້າງບັນຊີ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94:%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%82%E0%BA%BB%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%B2&returnto=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2" title="ນີ້ບໍ່ແມ່ນການບັງຄັບ. ແຕ່ຢ່າງໃດກໍຕາມ, ທ່ານຄວນທີ່ຈະເຂົ້າສູ່ລະບົບ.[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>ເຂົ້າສູ່ລະບົບ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ເຄື່ອງມືສ່ວນບຸກຄົນ" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ເຄື່ອງມືສ່ວນບຸກຄົນ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=en"><span>ບໍລິຈາກໃຫ້ວິກິພີເດຍ</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94:%E0%BA%AA%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B5&returnto=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2" title="ນີ້ບໍ່ແມ່ນການບັງຄັບ. ແຕ່ຢ່າງໃດກໍຕາມ, ທ່ານຄວນທີ່ຈະສ້າງບັນຊີແລະເຂົ້າສູ່ລະບົບ."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ສ້າງບັນຊີ</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94:%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%82%E0%BA%BB%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%B2&returnto=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2" title="ນີ້ບໍ່ແມ່ນການບັງຄັບ. ແຕ່ຢ່າງໃດກໍຕາມ, ທ່ານຄວນທີ່ຈະເຂົ້າສູ່ລະບົບ.[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ເຂົ້າສູ່ລະບົບ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%8A%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%8D%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94:%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%AA%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%82%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%82%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%8D" title="A list of edits made from this IP address[y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94:%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%82%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%82%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%8D" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address[n]" accesskey="n"><span>ສົນທະນາ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Edismiss\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"sitenotice\" lang=\"lo\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"background-color: #ffffff; overflow:auto; margin: 1em 0 0 0; padding: 0 10px 0 10px; border: 1px solid #aaa\"\u003E\u003Ccenter\u003E\u003Cb\u003Eຂະນະນີ້ມີການສະເໜີຊື່ໃຫ້ເປັນຜູ້ດູແລລະບົບ ຢູ່\u003Cbr /\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B5%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%8D:%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BB%9C%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B7%E0%BB%88%E0%BB%83%E0%BA%AB%E0%BB%89%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%9C%E0%BA%B9%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%B9%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%9A/Brgb\" title=\"ວິກິພີເດຍ:ສະເໜີຊື່ໃຫ້ເປັນຜູ້ດູແລລະບົບ/Brgb\"\u003Eວິກິພີເດຍ:ສະເໜີຊື່ໃຫ້ເປັນຜູ້ດູແລລະບົບ/Brgb\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003Eທຸກທ່ານສາມາດສະແດງຄວາມຄິດເຫັນ ແລະ ລົງຄະແນນໄດ້\u003C/center\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ແສງແກມມາ</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 98 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-98" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">98 ພາສາ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gammastraling" title="Gammastraling – ອາຟຣິການ" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Gammastraling" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="ອາຟຣິການ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="أشعة غاما – ອາຣັບ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أشعة غاما" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="ອາຣັບ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A7_%D8%AF_%DD%A3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="شعا د ݣاما – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="شعا د ݣاما" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiaci%C3%B3n_gamma" title="Radiación gamma – ອັສຕູຮຽນ" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Radiación gamma" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="ອັສຕູຮຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qamma_%C5%9F%C3%BCalanma" title="Qamma şüalanma – ອາເຊີໄບຈານິ" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qamma şüalanma" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ອາເຊີໄບຈານິ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C" title="قاما ایشیقی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قاما ایشیقی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunar_gamma" title="Sunar gamma – ບາລີເນັດ" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Sunar gamma" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="ບາລີເນັດ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gama_sp%C4%97ndol%C4%93" title="Gama spėndolē – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Gama spėndolē" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Гама-выпраменьванне – ເບລາຣັສຊຽນ" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гама-выпраменьванне" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="ເບລາຣັສຊຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Гама-выпраменьваньне – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гама-выпраменьваньне" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%87%D0%B8" title="Гама-лъчи – ບັງກາຣຽນ" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гама-лъчи" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ບັງກາຣຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF" title="গামা রশ্মি – ເບັງກາລີ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গামা রশ্মি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="ເບັງກາລີ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gama_zra%C4%8Denje" title="Gama zračenje – ບອສນຽນ" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Gama zračenje" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="ບອສນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiaci%C3%B3_gamma" title="Radiació gamma – ຄາຕາລານ" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Radiació gamma" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="ຄາຕາລານ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B4%DA%A9%DB%8C_%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="تیشکی گاما – ໂຊຣານິ ເຄີດິຊ" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تیشکی گاما" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="ໂຊຣານິ ເຄີດິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1%C5%99en%C3%AD_gama" title="Záření gama – ເຊກ" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Záření gama" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ເຊກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B9%C4%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2" title="Гамма-пайăркалав – ຊູວາຊ" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Гамма-пайăркалав" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ຊູວາຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gammastr%C3%A5ling" title="Gammastråling – ແດນິຊ" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gammastråling" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ແດນິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gammastrahlung" title="Gammastrahlung – ເຢຍລະມັນ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gammastrahlung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ເຢຍລະມັນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B3" title="Ακτίνες γ – ກຣີກ" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ακτίνες γ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ກຣີກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_ray" title="Gamma ray – ອັງກິດ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Gamma ray" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ອັງກິດ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gama-radiado" title="Gama-radiado – ເອສປາຍ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Gama-radiado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="ເອສປາຍ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayos_gamma" title="Rayos gamma – ສະແປນນິຊ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rayos gamma" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ສະແປນນິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gammakiirgus" title="Gammakiirgus – ເອສໂຕນຽນ" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Gammakiirgus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="ເອສໂຕນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_izpi" title="Gamma izpi – ບັສກີ" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gamma izpi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="ບັສກີ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پرتو گاما – ເປີຊຽນ" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پرتو گاما" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ເປີຊຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gammas%C3%A4teily" title="Gammasäteily – ຟິນນິຊ" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gammasäteily" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ຟິນນິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayon_gamma" title="Rayon gamma – ຝຣັ່ງ" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rayon gamma" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ຝຣັ່ງ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A1marada%C3%ADocht" title="Gámaradaíocht – ໄອຣິສ" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Gámaradaíocht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ໄອຣິສ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiaci%C3%B3n_gamma" title="Radiación gamma – ກາລິຊຽນ" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Radiación gamma" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ກາລິຊຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_ray" title="Gamma ray – ເຮົາຊາ" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Gamma ray" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="ເຮົາຊາ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%AA_%D7%92%D7%9E%D7%90" title="קרינת גמא – ຮີບຣິວ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קרינת גמא" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ຮີບຣິວ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3" title="गामा किरण – ຮິນດິ" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गामा किरण" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ຮິນດິ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_ray" title="Gamma ray – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Gamma ray" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gama-%C4%8Destica" title="Gama-čestica – ໂຄຣເອທຽນ" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Gama-čestica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ໂຄຣເອທຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reyon_gama" title="Reyon gama – ໄຮຕຽນ" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Reyon gama" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="ໄຮຕຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-sug%C3%A1rz%C3%A1s" title="Gamma-sugárzás – ຮັງກາຣຽນ" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gamma-sugárzás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ຮັງກາຣຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%B4%D5%A1_%D5%B3%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%A9%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Գամմա ճառագայթներ – ອາເມນຽນ" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գամմա ճառագայթներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ອາເມນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_gamma" title="Radiation gamma – ອິນເຕີລິງລົວ" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Radiation gamma" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="ອິນເຕີລິງລົວ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinar_gama" title="Sinar gama – ອິນໂດເນຊຽນ" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sinar gama" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ອິນໂດເນຊຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gammageisli" title="Gammageisli – ໄອສແລນດິກ" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Gammageisli" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ໄອສແລນດິກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raggi_gamma" title="Raggi gamma – ອິຕາລຽນ" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Raggi gamma" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ອິຕາລຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9E%E7%B7%9A" title="ガンマ線 – ຍີ່ປຸ່ນ" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ガンマ線" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ຍີ່ປຸ່ນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90-%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%AE%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="გამა-გამოსხივება – ຈໍຈຽນ" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გამა-გამოსხივება" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="ຈໍຈຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D1%81%D3%99%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Гамма-сәулелер – ຄາຊັກ" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гамма-сәулелер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="ຄາຊັກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B0%90%EB%A7%88%EC%84%A0" title="감마선 – ເກົາຫລີ" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="감마선" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="ເກົາຫລີ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83" title="Гамма нурлануу – ເກຍກີສ" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гамма нурлануу" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="ເກຍກີສ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiatio_gamma" title="Radiatio gamma – ລາຕິນ" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Radiatio gamma" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ລາຕິນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gammastraoling" title="Gammastraoling – ລິມເບີກີຊ" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Gammastraoling" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="ລິມເບີກີຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raggi_gamma" title="Raggi gamma – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Raggi gamma" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gama_spinduliai" title="Gama spinduliai – ລິທົວນຽນ" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gama spinduliai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ລິທົວນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_stari" title="Gamma stari – ລັດວຽນ" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Gamma stari" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ລັດວຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Гама-зрачење – ແມຊິໂດນຽນ" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Гама-зрачење" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="ແມຊິໂດນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82" title="ഗാമാ കിരണം – ມາເລອາລຳ" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗാമാ കിരണം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="ມາເລອາລຳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Гамма цацраг – ມອງໂກເລຍ" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Гамма цацраг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="ມອງໂກເລຍ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3" title="गॅमा किरण – ມາຣາທີ" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="गॅमा किरण" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="ມາຣາທີ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinar_gama" title="Sinar gama – ມາເລ" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sinar gama" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="ມາເລ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%81%E1%80%BC%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA" title="ဂမ်မာရောင်ခြည် – ມຽນມາ" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂမ်မာရောင်ခြည်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="ມຽນມາ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gammastrahlen" title="Gammastrahlen – ເຢຍລະມັນ ຕອນໃຕ້" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Gammastrahlen" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="ເຢຍລະມັນ ຕອນໃຕ້" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gammastraling" title="Gammastraling – ດັຊ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gammastraling" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ດັຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gammastr%C3%A5ling" title="Gammastråling – ນໍເວຈຽນ ນີນອກ" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Gammastråling" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="ນໍເວຈຽນ ນີນອກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gammastr%C3%A5ling" title="Gammastråling – ນໍເວຈຽນ ບັອກມອລ" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gammastråling" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ນໍເວຈຽນ ບັອກມອລ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A8" title="ਗਾਮਾ ਕਿਰਨ – ປັນຈາບີ" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗਾਮਾ ਕਿਰਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="ປັນຈາບີ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promieniowanie_gamma" title="Promieniowanie gamma – ໂປລິຊ" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Promieniowanie gamma" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="ໂປລິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raj_gama" title="Raj gama – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Raj gama" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%B1%DB%92" title="گیما رے – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="گیما رے" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%DA%AB%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%88%DA%93%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AB%D9%87" title="د ګاما وړانګه – ປາສໂຕ" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د ګاما وړانګه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="ປາສໂຕ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radia%C3%A7%C3%A3o_gama" title="Radiação gama – ປອກຕຸຍກິສ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Radiação gama" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ປອກຕຸຍກິສ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_wach%27i" title="Gamma wach'i – ຄີຊົວ" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Gamma wach'i" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="ຄີຊົວ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radia%C8%9Bie_gama" title="Radiație gama – ໂຣແມນຽນ" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Radiație gama" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="ໂຣແມນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Гамма-излучение – ລັດເຊຍ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гамма-излучение" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ລັດເຊຍ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_ray" title="Gamma ray – ສກອດ" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Gamma ray" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="ສກອດ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gama-%C4%8Destica" title="Gama-čestica – ເຊີໂບ-ໂກເຊຍ" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Gama-čestica" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="ເຊີໂບ-ໂກເຊຍ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F_%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB" title="ගැමා කිරණ – ສິນຫາລາ" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ගැමා කිරණ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="ສິນຫາລາ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_ray" title="Gamma ray – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Gamma ray" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDiarenie_gama" title="Žiarenie gama – ສະໂລແວັກ" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Žiarenie gama" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="ສະໂລແວັກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDarek_gama" title="Žarek gama – ສະໂລເວນຽນ" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Žarek gama" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="ສະໂລເວນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rrezet_gama" title="Rrezet gama – ອານບານຽນ" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Rrezet gama" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="ອານບານຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Гама зрачење – ເຊີບຽນ" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Гама зрачење" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="ເຊີບຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinar_gamma" title="Sinar gamma – ຊຸນແດນນີສ" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Sinar gamma" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="ຊຸນແດນນີສ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gammastr%C3%A5lning" title="Gammastrålning – ສະວີດິຊ" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gammastrålning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ສະວີດິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="காம்மா கதிர் – ທາມິລ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="காம்மா கதிர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="ທາມິລ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A3%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="గామా కిరణాలు – ເຕລູກູ" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గామా కిరణాలు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="ເຕລູກູ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%80" title="Гамма-нур – ທາຈິກ" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гамма-нур" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="ທາຈິກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2" title="รังสีแกมมา – ໄທ" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รังสีแกมมา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="ໄທ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinag_gamma" title="Sinag gamma – ຕາກາລອກ" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sinag gamma" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="ຕາກາລອກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gama_%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1" title="Gama ışını – ເທີຄິຊ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gama ışını" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ເທີຄິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Гамма-нурланыш – ທາທາ" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Гамма-нурланыш" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="ທາທາ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Гамма-промені – ຢູເຄຣນຽນ" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гамма-промені" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ຢູເຄຣນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-nurlanish" title="Gamma-nurlanish – ອຸສເບກ" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gamma-nurlanish" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ອຸສເບກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tia_gamma" title="Tia gamma – ຫວຽດນາມ" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tia gamma" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ຫວຽດນາມ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rais_gama" title="Rais gama – ວໍລູມ" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Rais gama" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="ວໍລູມ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayos_Gamma" title="Rayos Gamma – ວາເລ" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Rayos Gamma" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="ວາເລ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%BD%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%84%E7%BA%BF" title="伽马射线 – ຈີນອູ" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伽马射线" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ຈີນອູ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%BD%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%84%E7%BA%BF" title="伽马射线 – ຈີນ" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伽马射线" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ຈີນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%BD%E9%A6%AC%E5%B0%84%E7%B7%9A" title="伽馬射線 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="伽馬射線" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_si%C4%81-s%C3%B2a%E2%81%BF" title="Gamma siā-sòaⁿ – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Gamma siā-sòaⁿ" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%99%E7%A8%AE%E5%B0%84%E7%B6%AB" title="丙種射綫 – ກວາງຕຸ້ງ" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="丙種射綫" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="ກວາງຕຸ້ງ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11523#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="ແກ້ໄຂລິງກ໌ຂ້າມພາສາ" class="wbc-editpage">ດັດແກ້ລິງກ໌</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="ຊື່ຂອບເຂດ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2" title="ເບິ່ງໜ້າເນື້ອໃນ[c]" accesskey="c"><span>ໜ້າ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B2:%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="ສົນທະນາກ່ຽວກັບເນື້ອໃນຂອງໜ້າ (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)[t]" accesskey="t"><span>ສົນທະນາ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ລາວ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="ເທື່ອເບິ່ງ"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2"><span>ອ່ານ</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page[e]" accesskey="e"><span>ແກ້ໄຂ</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2&action=history" title="ລຸ້ນແກ້ໄຂເກົ່າຂອງໜ້ານີ້[h]" accesskey="h"><span>ເບິ່ງປະຫວັດ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ເຄື່ອງມື" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ເຄື່ອງມື</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2"><span>ອ່ານ</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page[e]" accesskey="e"><span>ແກ້ໄຂ</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2&action=history"><span>ເບິ່ງປະຫວັດ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94:%E0%BB%9C%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B5%E0%BB%88%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B7%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%95%E0%BB%8D%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2" title="ລາຍການຂອງທຸກໆໜ້າໃນວິກິທີ່ເຊື່ອມຕໍ່ມາໜ້ານີ້[j]" accesskey="j"><span>ໜ້າທີ່ເຊື່ອມຕໍ່ມາໜ້ານີ້</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94:RecentChangesLinked/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2" rel="nofollow" title="ການແກ້ໄຂລ້າສຸດໃນໜ້າທີ່ເຊື່ອມຕໍ່ມາຈາກໜ້ານີ້[k]" accesskey="k"><span>ການປ່ຽນແປງທີ່ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງ</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=lo" title="ອັບໂຫຼດໄຟລ໌[u]" accesskey="u"><span>ອັບໂຫຼດໄຟລ໌</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94:%E0%BB%9C%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94" title="ລາຍການໜ້າພິເສດທັງໝົດ[q]" accesskey="q"><span>ໜ້າພິເສດ</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2&oldid=110077" title="ລິງຄ໌ຖາວອນມາລຸ້ນແກ້ໄຂເກົ່າຂອງໜ້ານີ້"><span>ລິງກ໌ຖາວອນ</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>ຂໍ້ມູນໜ້າ</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94:CiteThisPage&page=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2&id=110077&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="ຂໍ້ມູນກ່ຽວກັບການອ້າງອິງບົດຄວາມນີ້"><span>ອ້າງອິງບົດຄວາມນີ້</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Flo.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25BB%2581%25E0%25BA%25AA%25E0%25BA%2587%25E0%25BB%2581%25E0%25BA%2581%25E0%25BA%25A1%25E0%25BA%25A1%25E0%25BA%25B2"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Flo.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25BB%2581%25E0%25BA%25AA%25E0%25BA%2587%25E0%25BB%2581%25E0%25BA%2581%25E0%25BA%25A1%25E0%25BA%25A1%25E0%25BA%25B2"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ພິມ/ສົ່ງອອກ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2"><span>ສ້າງໜັງສືອ</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2&action=show-download-screen"><span>ດາວໂຫຼດເປັນ PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2&printable=yes" title="ສະບັບທີ່ພິມໄດ້ຂອງໜ້ານີ້[p]" accesskey="p"><span>ສະບັບພິມໄດ້</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gamma_rays" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11523" title="Link to connected data repository item[g]" accesskey="g"><span>ລາຍການວິກິສົນເທດ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">ຈາກ ວິກິພີເດຍ</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lo" dir="ltr"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:244px;max-width:244px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:242px;max-width:242px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%AE%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%9A:Gamma_Decay.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Gamma_Decay.svg/240px-Gamma_Decay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Gamma_Decay.svg/360px-Gamma_Decay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Gamma_Decay.svg/480px-Gamma_Decay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="235" data-file-height="160" /></a></span></img></div><div class="thumbcaption"> ພາບປະກອບຂອງການປ່ອຍແສງແກມມາ ( <i>γ</i> ) ຈາກນິວເຄລຍປະລໍາມະນູ</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:242px;max-width:242px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%AE%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%9A:Operation_Upshot-Knothole_-_Badger_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Operation_Upshot-Knothole_-_Badger_001.jpg/240px-Operation_Upshot-Knothole_-_Badger_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Operation_Upshot-Knothole_-_Badger_001.jpg/360px-Operation_Upshot-Knothole_-_Badger_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Operation_Upshot-Knothole_-_Badger_001.jpg/480px-Operation_Upshot-Knothole_-_Badger_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="969" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">ຮັງສີແກມມາຖືກປ່ອຍອອກມາໃນລະຫວ່າງ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuclear_fission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuclear fission (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">ການລະເບີດນິວເຄລຍ</a> ໃນການລະເບີດນິວເຄລຍ.</div></div></div></div></div><p><b>ຮັງສີແກມມາ</b>, ເຊິ່ງເອີ້ນກັນວ່າ <b>ລັງສີແກມມາ</b> (ສັນຍາລັກ <b>γ</b>), ເປັນຮູບແບບເຈາະຂອງ ລັງສີແມ່ເຫຼັກໄຟຟ້າ ທີ່ເກີດຂຶ້ນຈາກ ການທະລາຍ radioactive ຂອງ <a href="/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%A5%E0%BB%8D%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B9" title="ແກນປະລໍາມະນູ">ນິວເຄລຍປະລໍາມະນູ</a> . ມັນປະກອບດ້ວຍຄື້ນແມ່ເຫຼັກໄຟຟ້າ ທີ່ມີຄວາມຍາວ ສັ້ນທີ່ສຸດ, ໂດຍປົກກະຕິແລ້ວສັ້ນກວ່າຂອງ <a href="/wiki/X-ray" title="X-ray">ແສງ X-rays</a>. ມີ ຄວາມຖີ່ ສູງກວ່າ 30 exahertz (3× 10^19 Hz) ແລະຄວາມຍາວຄື້ນໜ້ອຍກວ່າ 10 picometers (1×10^−11 m), photons ray gamma ມີ ພະລັງງານ photon ສູງສຸດຂອງທຸກຮູບແບບຂອງລັງສີແມ່ເຫຼັກໄຟຟ້າ. Paul Villard, ນັກເຄມີສາດ ແລະ ນັກຟິສິກ ຊາວຝຣັ່ງ, ຄົ້ນພົບລັງສີ gamma ໃນປີ 1900 ໃນຂະນະທີ່ສຶກສາ <a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B5" title="ລັງສີ">ລັງສີ</a> ທີ່ປ່ອຍອອກມາໂດຍ radium. ໃນປີ 1903, Ernest Rutherford ໄດ້ຕັ້ງຊື່ <i>ລັງສີ gamma</i> ນີ້ໂດຍອີງໃສ່ການ penetration ທີ່ຂ້ອນຂ້າງເຂັ້ມແຂງຂອງ ມັນ ; ໃນປີ 1900, ລາວໄດ້ຕັ້ງຊື່ສອງຊະນິດທີ່ມີລັງສີເສື່ອມໂຊມໜ້ອຍລົງ (ຖືກຄົ້ນພົບໂດຍ Henri Becquerel) ຮັງສີອັນຟາ ແລະ ຮັງເບຕາ ໃນລຳດັບຕັ້ງຊັນຂຶ້ນຂອງພະລັງການເຈາະ.</p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">ດຶງຂໍ້ມູນຈາກ "<a dir="ltr" href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ແສງແກມມາ&oldid=110077">https://lo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ແສງແກມມາ&oldid=110077</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> ໜ້ານີ້ຖຶກດັດແກ້ຄັ້ງລ້າສຸດເມື່ອວັນທີ 19 ຕຸລາ 2024, ເວລາ 08:19.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">ອະນຸຍາດໃຫ້ໃຊ້ເນື້ອໃນພາຍໃຕ້<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">ສັນຍາອະນຸຍາດ Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike</a>; ອາດມີເງື່ອນໄຂອື່ນໃນການໃຊ້ງານ ສຳລັບລາຍລະອຽດເພີ່ມເຕີມ ເບິ່ງ <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">ເງື່ອນໄຂການໃຊ້ງານ</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">ນະໂຍບາຍຄວາມເປັນສ່ວນຕົວ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B5%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%8D:%E0%BA%81%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%BD%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%9A">ກ່ຽວກັບວິກິພີເດຍ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B5%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%8D:%E0%BA%82%E0%BB%8D%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%AE%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%9C%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%9A">ຂໍ້ປະຕິເສດຄວາມຮັບຜິດຊອບ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">ຈັນຍາບັນ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">ຜູ້ພັດທະນາ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/lo.wikipedia.org">ສະຖິຕິ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">ນະໂຍບາຍການໃຊ້ຄຸກກີ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//lo.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">ມຸມມອງສຳຫັຼບໂທລະສັບມືຖື</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6df7948d6c-9xswc","wgBackendResponseTime":147,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.015","walltime":"0.255","ppvisitednodes":{"value":11,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":1,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":0,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 0.000 1 -total"]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-75c465f4c6-dpbtf","timestamp":"20241125135916","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u0ec1\u0eaa\u0e87\u0ec1\u0e81\u0ea1\u0ea1\u0eb2","url":"https:\/\/lo.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q11523","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q11523","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2024-10-19T08:19:29Z","dateModified":"2024-10-19T08:19:29Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/c2\/Gamma_Decay.svg"}</script> </body> </html>