ラファティ、バロウズ、人工知能 - 山形浩生の「経済のトリセツ」

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<a href="https://cruel.hatenablog.com/">山形浩生の「経済のトリセツ」</a> </div> <a href="https://blog.hatena.ne.jp/wlj-Friday/cruel.hatenablog.com/subscribe?utm_medium=button&utm_source=blogs_topright_button&utm_campaign=subscribe_blog" class="blog-controlls-subscribe-btn test-blog-header-controlls-subscribe"> 読者になる </a> </nav> <div id="container"> <div id="container-inner"> <header id="blog-title" data-brand="hatenablog"> <div id="blog-title-inner" > <div id="blog-title-content"> <h1 id="title"><a href="https://cruel.hatenablog.com/">山形浩生の「経済のトリセツ」</a></h1> <h2 id="blog-description">各種の書評など。</h2> </div> </div> </header> <div id="content" class="hfeed" > <div id="content-inner"> <div id="wrapper"> <div id="main"> <div id="main-inner">   <article class="entry hentry test-hentry js-entry-article date-first autopagerize_page_element chars-2800 words-100 mode-markdown entry-odd" id="entry-6802418398327044173" data-keyword-campaign="" data-uuid="6802418398327044173" data-publication-type="entry"> <div class="entry-inner"> <header class="entry-header"> <div class="date entry-date first"> <a href="https://cruel.hatenablog.com/archive/2025/02/08" rel="nofollow"> <time datetime="2025-02-08T10:50:52Z" title="2025-02-08T10:50:52Z"> <span class="date-year">2025</span><span class="hyphen">-</span><span class="date-month">02</span><span class="hyphen">-</span><span class="date-day">08</span> </time> </a> </div> <h1 class="entry-title"> <a href="https://cruel.hatenablog.com/entry/2025/02/08/195052" class="entry-title-link bookmark">ラファティ、バロウズ、人工知能</a> </h1> <div class="entry-categories categories"> <a href="https://cruel.hatenablog.com/archive/category/SF" class="entry-category-link category-SF">SF</a> <a href="https://cruel.hatenablog.com/archive/category/%E3%81%8A%E5%8B%89%E5%BC%B7" class="entry-category-link category-お勉強">お勉強</a> <a href="https://cruel.hatenablog.com/archive/category/%E3%82%80%E3%81%97%E3%82%8D%E6%84%9F%E6%83%B3%E6%96%87" class="entry-category-link category-むしろ感想文">むしろ感想文</a> <a href="https://cruel.hatenablog.com/archive/category/%E3%83%8D%E3%82%BF" class="entry-category-link category-ネタ">ネタ</a> <a href="https://cruel.hatenablog.com/archive/category/%E7%BF%BB%E8%A8%B3" class="entry-category-link category-翻訳">翻訳</a> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content hatenablog-entry"> <p><span itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Photograph"><img src="https://cdn-ak.f.st-hatena.com/images/fotolife/w/wlj-Friday/20250208/20250208192543.jpg" width="736" height="1091" loading="lazy" title="" class="hatena-fotolife" style="width:300px" itemprop="image"></span><span itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Photograph"><img src="https://cdn-ak.f.st-hatena.com/images/fotolife/w/wlj-Friday/20250208/20250208192548.jpg" width="318" height="448" loading="lazy" title="" class="hatena-fotolife" style="width:300px" itemprop="image"></span></p> <p>一部の人には朗報かもしれず、ほとんどの人にはまったくどうでもいいことだろうが、ちょっとラファティ『アーキペラゴ』翻訳の続きをやってみた。まだ全11章のうちの4章終わっただけ。ついでに、それにまつわる思い出も解説でちょっと書いたよ。</p> <blockquote><p><span style="font-size: 200%"><a href="https://cruel.org/books/RALafferty/archipelago/Lafferty_Archipelago_j.pdf">R.A.ラファティ『アーキペラゴ』(4章まで)</a></span></p></blockquote> <p>このままこの調子で続けるかはわからない。少しはやると思うけれど。実はもう一つ別の仕掛かり品も再開してみた。</p> <p><iframe src="https://hatenablog-parts.com/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcruel.org%2Fbooks%2Fwsb%2Fwsbticket%2Fwsbticket.html" title="バロウズ『爆発した切符』" class="embed-card embed-webcard" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" style="display: block; width: 100%; height: 155px; max-width: 500px; margin: 10px 0px;" loading="lazy"></iframe><cite class="hatena-citation"><a href="https://cruel.org/books/wsb/wsbticket/wsbticket.html">cruel.org</a></cite></p> <p>どっちも、箱から本が出てきたおかげが大きい。こちらもこのまま進めるかどうかはわからんが、仕掛かりをなるべく片づけようと思ってるので、どっちも多少は進むでしょう。</p> <p>だがそれより、特にこの『アーキペラゴ』はわけのわからない作品で、解説でも書いてるけど、神話を下敷きにしてるのはわかるがそれがどうした的な話で、いろいろ言いたいことがあるようだが何を言ってるのかわからない。そこで面白半分で、4章冒頭の詩をChatGPTさんに喰わせて見たのよ。</p> <p>そうすると、まあ別にまともに訳してくれるわけではないのだけれど、単語ごとにいろいろ調べて、類似のことば、考えられる文脈まで、いちいちこと細かに出してくれる。とっても便利。便利な一方で……</p> <p>この詩はなんであり、そういう含意を持つもので何を主題としており云々かんぬん、というのを全部教えてくれる。神話的な冒険の旅に出ていた人物が、いまやその冒険から脱落して腰を落ち着けねばならない哀しみを描いたもので〜等々。</p> <p>で、これがラファティ『アーキペラゴ』の一部で、この章はこの詩を書いたやつが結婚する章で〜という背景を教えてやると、何やらしゃあしゃあと、『アーキペラゴ』はかくかくしかじかの作品であり、この詩は自由な身の上から結婚して身を固めて腰を落ち着けるという生のフェーズ転換について自虐的ながらもポジティブに述べたものであり、とすかさず解釈を変えて出す。</p> <p><span itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Photograph"><img src="https://cdn-ak.f.st-hatena.com/images/fotolife/w/wlj-Friday/20250208/20250208202306.png" width="1200" height="960" loading="lazy" title="" class="hatena-fotolife" style="width:640px" itemprop="image"></span></p> <p>この詩を見せてもラファティ『アーキペラゴ』だとわからなかったということは、ChatGPTくんはアーキペラゴの全文に出会ったことはない。でもどっかから聞いた話を切りつないで、それっぽいものをでっち上げてくる。そして、それは決して完全にピントはずれではなく、大学のファンジンにこれが載っていたら、おおすげえ、いい分析、と思っただろう。</p> <p>その一方で、こう、小説を読むときに、なんかその表面的な字面が脳に吸収されて、そこからじわーっと「ああ、ちょっと悲しげだねー、でも多少自虐が入ってて、決して完全ネガティブじゃなくて、そこに婚約者が出てくるとちがう意味を持ってくるよねー」というのが染みだしてくる。そしてそういう印象が読みながら次々に出てくる中で、その脳汁の集まりみたいなものの中から、小説としての重みやテーマがさらに染みだしてくるというプロセスがある。</p> <p>ぼくの感覚だと、その脳汁抽出は、脳の一段深いところで起きていて、それが脳の表面に染みだしてくるような感じ。</p> <p>さてChatGPTくんに読ませると、確かになんかそれっぽいものはわかる。たぶん出てきたものは似たようなものなんだけれど、なんかすごい違和感がある。通り一遍に読んで、なんか脳の表面だけでさらっとなぞっている感じ。その浅さは、自分が読んだときの感じとはまったく別物なんだけれど、それをことばで言えといわれたら、似たような表現に落ち着いてしまう。</p> <p>だから実用的にはTwitterで最近見かけた「アリストテレスをChatGPTに要約させてリーディングの課題すいすいだぜ」みたいなのにみんなが流されるだろうな、というのもわかる一方で、その違和感みたいなのをうまく言えず、そのツイートへの反発で「それでは本質がわからない」とか「真の学びはそれでは得られない」とかいうのがたくさん出てきたんだけれど、だれも「じゃあその本質とか真の学びって何？」という本当に重要な疑問に答えられずにキレるだけ、という不毛な罵倒合戦になっていたのと、何かしら通じるものはあるんだろう。</p> <p>それはたぶん、タルコフスキー映画とかヴェンダースのさすらいとか『2001年宇宙の旅』を、ビデオで、リモコンを手にして見せつつ、決して早送りボタンを押さないように厳命するようなもので、何も起こらないすごい退屈の果てに得られるある種の啓示みたいなものは確実にあるんだけれど、それを説明するのは困難であり、ほとんどの人は、その啓示があるのをすでに知っている人ですら、早送りボタンを押したくなる誘惑にうちかつのはむずかしいのと似たような話ではある。</p> <p><iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/NrMINC5xjMs?start=16&feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen title="The Mirror | FULL MOVIE | Directed by Andrey Tarkovsky"></iframe><cite class="hatena-citation"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NrMINC5xjMs&t=16s">www.youtube.com</a></cite></p> <p>もちろんこんな違和感は一時的なもので、昔の人の「車や新幹線で行くのは真の旅ではない、己の足で歩いてこそ旅の本質が〜」みたいな世迷いごとなのかもしれない。その一方で、その「じゃあその本質とか真の学びって何？」という疑問とか、ぼくの感じた違和感って何なの、というのをきちんと言語化、モデル化できない限り、おそらく人文系の「学問」なるものは滅びて、せいぜいが盆栽の楽しみくらいの趣味に堕するだろうという印象はあるなあ。</p> <p>そしてそれはたぶん、いまぼくが言った「脳汁」のプロセスが持つ意味合いの話になる。</p> <p>石川淳はかつて「文学では答が出るだけでは市が栄えない」と述べた。人によってこれは、答を出さなくてよくて、うだうだ周辺をうろつき身辺雑記でお茶を濁していいという免罪符だと捉えてしまっている。最悪な場合には、「市が栄える」というのを己の卑しい懐具合と営業だと思いこみ、これを何か業界の内輪で何も結果出さずに目くばせしあい、利権を造って新規参入を防ぐのが正当化されるかのような解釈をする人もいる。</p> 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ラファティ、バロウズ、人工知能 - 山形浩生の「経済のトリセツ」