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refractory wastewater</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: oily refractory wastewater"> <meta name="keywords" content="oily refractory wastewater"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="oily refractory wastewater"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1128</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: oily refractory wastewater</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">918</span> Edible Oil Industry Wastewater Treatment by Microfiltration with Ceramic Membrane</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zita%20%C5%A0ere%C5%A1">Zita Šereš</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dragana%20%C5%A0oronja%20Simovi%C4%87"> Dragana Šoronja Simović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ljubica%20Doki%C4%87"> Ljubica Dokić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lidietta%20Giorno"> Lidietta Giorno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Biljana%20Pajin"> Biljana Pajin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cecilia%20Hodur"> Cecilia Hodur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikola%20Maravi%C4%87"> Nikola Maravić</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Membrane technology is convenient for separation of suspended solids, colloids and high molecular weight materials that are present. The idea is that the waste stream from edible oil industry, after the separation of oil by using skimmers is subjected to microfiltration and the obtained permeate can be used again in the production process. The wastewater from edible oil industry was used for the microfiltration. For the microfiltration of this effluent a tubular membrane was used with a pore size of 200 nm at transmembrane pressure in range up to 3 bar and in range of flow rate up to 300 L/h. Box–Behnken design was selected for the experimental work and the responses considered were permeate flux and chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction. The reduction of the permeate COD was in the range 40-60% according to the feed. The highest permeate flux achieved during the process of microfiltration was 160 L/m<sup>2</sup>h. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceramic%20membrane" title="ceramic membrane">ceramic membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=edible%20oil" title=" edible oil"> edible oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microfiltration" title=" microfiltration"> microfiltration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40236/edible-oil-industry-wastewater-treatment-by-microfiltration-with-ceramic-membrane" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40236.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">917</span> A Combined Activated Sludge-Filtration-Ozonation Process for Abattoir Wastewater Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pello%20Alfonso-Muniozguren">Pello Alfonso-Muniozguren</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madeleine%20Bussemaker"> Madeleine Bussemaker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ralph%20Chadeesingh"> Ralph Chadeesingh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caryn%20Jones"> Caryn Jones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Oakley"> David Oakley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Judy%20Lee"> Judy Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Devendra%20Saroj"> Devendra Saroj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Current industrialized livestock agriculture is growing every year leading to an increase in the generation of wastewater that varies considerably in terms of organic content and microbial population. Therefore, suitable wastewater treatment methods are required to ensure the wastewater quality meet regulations before discharge. In the present study, a combined lab scale activated sludge-filtration-ozonation system was used to treat a pre-treated abattoir wastewater. A hydraulic retention time of 24 hours and a solid retention time of 13 days were used for the activated sludge process, followed by a filtration step (4-7 µm) and using ozone as tertiary treatment. An average reduction of 93% and 98% was achieved for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), respectively, obtaining final values of 128 mg/L COD and 12 mg/L BOD. For the Total Suspended Solids (TSS), the average reduction increased to 99% in the same system, reducing the final value down to 3 mg/L. Additionally, 98% reduction in Phosphorus (P) and a complete inactivation of Total Coliforms (TC) was obtained after 17 min ozonation time. For Total Viable Counts (TVC), a drastic reduction was observed with 30 min ozonation time (6 log inactivation) at an ozone dose of 71 mg O3/L. Overall, the combined process was sufficient to meet discharge requirements without further treatment for the measured parameters (COD, BOD, TSS, P, TC, and TVC). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abattoir%20waste%20water" title="abattoir waste water">abattoir waste water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activated%20sludge" title=" activated sludge"> activated sludge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ozone" title=" ozone"> ozone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20water%20treatment" title=" waste water treatment"> waste water treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82961/a-combined-activated-sludge-filtration-ozonation-process-for-abattoir-wastewater-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82961.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">279</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">916</span> Microfiltration of the Sugar Refinery Wastewater Using Ceramic Membrane with Kenics Static Mixer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zita%20%C5%A0ere%C5%A1">Zita Šereš</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ljubica%20Doki%C4%87"> Ljubica Dokić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikola%20Maravi%C4%87"> Nikola Maravić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dragana%20%20%C5%A0oronja%20Simovi%C4%87"> Dragana Šoronja Simović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cecilia%20Hodur"> Cecilia Hodur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivana%20Nikoli%C4%87"> Ivana Nikolić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Biljana%20Pajin"> Biljana Pajin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> New environmental regulations and the increasing market preference for companies that respect the ecosystem had encouraged the industry to look after new treatments for its effluents. The sugar industry, one of the largest emitter of environmental pollutants, follows this tendency. Membrane technology is convenient for separation of suspended solids, colloids and high molecular weight materials that are present in a wastewater from the sugar industry. The idea is to microfilter the wastewater, where the permeate passes through the membrane and becomes available for recycle and re-use in the sugar manufacturing process. For microfiltration of this effluent a tubular ceramic membrane was used with a pore size of 200 nm at transmembrane pressure in range of 1 – 3 bars and in range of flow rate of 50 – 150 l/h. Kenics static mixer was used for permeate flux enhancement. Turbidity and suspended solids were removed and the permeate flux was continuously monitored during the microfiltration process. The flux achieved after 90 minutes of microfiltration was in a range of 50-70 L/m2h. The obtained turbidity decrease was in the range of 50-99% and the total amount of suspended solids was removed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceramic%20membrane" title="ceramic membrane">ceramic membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microfiltration" title=" microfiltration"> microfiltration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permeate%20flux" title=" permeate flux"> permeate flux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sugar%20industry" title=" sugar industry"> sugar industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28798/microfiltration-of-the-sugar-refinery-wastewater-using-ceramic-membrane-with-kenics-static-mixer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28798.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">523</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">915</span> Methylene Blue Removal Using NiO nanoparticles-Sand Adsorption Packed Bed</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nedal%20N.%20Marei">Nedal N. Marei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nashaat%20Nassar"> Nashaat Nassar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many treatment techniques have been used to remove the soluble pollutants from wastewater as; dyes and metal ions which could be found in rich amount in the used water of the textile and tanneries industry. The effluents from these industries are complex, containing a wide variety of dyes and other contaminants, such as dispersants, acids, bases, salts, detergents, humectants, oxidants, and others. These techniques can be divided into physical, chemical, and biological methods. Adsorption has been developed as an efficient method for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated water and soil. It is now recognized as an effective method for the removal of both organic and inorganic pollutants from wastewaters. Nanosize materials are new functional materials, which offer high surface area and have come up as effective adsorbents. Nano alumina is one of the most important ceramic materials widely used as an electrical insulator, presenting exceptionally high resistance to chemical agents, as well as giving excellent performance as a catalyst for many chemical reactions, in microelectronic, membrane applications, and water and wastewater treatment. In this study, methylene blue (MB) dye has been used as model dye of textile wastewater in order to synthesize a synthetic MB wastewater. NiO nanoparticles were added in small percentage in the sand packed bed adsorption columns to remove the MB from the synthetic textile wastewater. Moreover, different parameters have been evaluated; flow of the synthetic wastewater, pH, height of the bed, percentage of the NiO to the sand in the packed material. Different mathematical models where employed to find the proper model which describe the experimental data and help to analyze the mechanism of the MB adsorption. This study will provide good understanding of the dyes adsorption using metal oxide nanoparticles in the classical sand bed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=column" title=" column"> column</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methylene" title=" methylene "> methylene </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31295/methylene-blue-removal-using-nio-nanoparticles-sand-adsorption-packed-bed" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31295.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">269</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">914</span> Life Cycle Assessment of Biogas Energy Production from a Small-Scale Wastewater Treatment Plant in Central Mexico</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joel%20Bonales">Joel Bonales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Venecia%20Solorzano"> Venecia Solorzano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Garcia"> Carlos Garcia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A great percentage of the wastewater generated in developing countries don’t receive any treatment, which leads to numerous environmental impacts. In response to this, a paradigm change in the current wastewater treatment model based on large scale plants towards a small and medium scale based model has been proposed. Nevertheless, small scale wastewater treatment (SS-WTTP) with novel technologies such as anaerobic digesters, as well as the utilization of derivative co-products such as biogas, still presents diverse environmental impacts which must be assessed. This study consisted in a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) performed to a SS-WWTP which treats wastewater from a small commercial block in the city of Morelia, Mexico. The treatment performed in the SS-WWTP consists in anaerobic and aerobic digesters with a daily capacity of 5,040 L. Two different scenarios were analyzed: the current plant conditions and a hypothetical energy use of biogas obtained in situ. Furthermore, two different allocation criteria were applied: full impact allocation to the system’s main product (treated water) and substitution credits for replacing Mexican grid electricity (biogas) and clean water pumping (treated water). The results showed that the analyzed plant had bigger impacts than what has been reported in the bibliography in the basis of wastewater volume treated, which may imply that this plant is currently operating inefficiently. The evaluated impacts appeared to be focused in the aerobic digestion and electric generation phases due to the plant’s particular configuration. Additional findings prove that the allocation criteria applied is crucial for the interpretation of impacts and that that the energy use of the biogas obtained in this plant can help mitigate associated climate change impacts. It is concluded that SS-WTTP is a environmentally sound alternative for wastewater treatment from a systemic perspective. However, this type of studies must be careful in the selection of the allocation criteria and replaced products, since these factors have a great influence in the results of the assessment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biogas" title="biogas">biogas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20cycle%20assessment" title=" life cycle assessment"> life cycle assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20scale%20treatment" title=" small scale treatment"> small scale treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20treatment" title=" wastewater treatment"> wastewater treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117614/life-cycle-assessment-of-biogas-energy-production-from-a-small-scale-wastewater-treatment-plant-in-central-mexico" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117614.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">124</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">913</span> Integrating Efficient Anammox with Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal Process Through Flocs Management for Sustainable Ultra-deep Nutrients Removal from Municipal Wastewater</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiongpeng%20Dan">Qiongpeng Dan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiyao%20Li"> Xiyao Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiong%20Zhang"> Qiong Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yongzhen%20Peng"> Yongzhen Peng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The nutrients removal from wastewater is of great significance for global wastewater recycling and sustainable reuse. Traditional nitrogen and phosphorus removal processes are very dependent on the input of aeration and carbon sources, which makes it difficult to meet the low-carbon goal of energy saving and emission reduction. This study reported a proof-of-concept demonstration of integrating anammox and enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) by flocs management in a single-stage hybrid bioreactor (biofilms and flocs) for simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal (SNPR). Excellent removal efficiencies of nitrogen (97.7±1.3%) and phosphorus (97.4±0.7%) were obtained in low C/N ratio (3.0±0.5) municipal wastewater treatment. Interestingly, with the loss of flocs, anammox bacteria (Ca. Brocadia) was highly enriched in biofilms, with relative and absolute abundances reaching up to 12.5% and 8.3×1010 copies/g dry sludge, respectively. The anammox contribution to nitrogen removal also rose from 32.6±9.8% to 53.4±4.2%. Endogenous denitrification by flocs was proven to be the main contributor to both nitrite and nitrate reduction, and flocs loss significantly promoted nitrite flow towards anammox, facilitating AnAOB enrichment. Moreover, controlling the floc's solid retention time at around 8 days could maintain a low poly-phosphorus level of 0.02±0.001 mg P/mg VSS in the flocs, effectively addressing the additional phosphorus removal burden imposed by the enrichment of phosphorus-accumulating organisms in biofilms. This study provides an update on developing a simple and feasible strategy for integrating anammox and EBPR for SNPR in mainstream municipal wastewater. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anammox%20process" title="anammox process">anammox process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enhanced%20biological%20phosphorus%20removal" title=" enhanced biological phosphorus removal"> enhanced biological phosphorus removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=municipal%20wastewater" title=" municipal wastewater"> municipal wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20nutrients%20removal" title=" sustainable nutrients removal"> sustainable nutrients removal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185794/integrating-efficient-anammox-with-enhanced-biological-phosphorus-removal-process-through-flocs-management-for-sustainable-ultra-deep-nutrients-removal-from-municipal-wastewater" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185794.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">51</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">912</span> Effect of Lithium Bromide Concentration on the Structure and Performance of Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Membrane for Wastewater Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poojan%20Kothari">Poojan Kothari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yash%20Madhani"> Yash Madhani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chayan%20Jani"> Chayan Jani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bharti%20Saini"> Bharti Saini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The requirements for quality drinking and industrial water are increasing and water resources are depleting. Moreover large amount of wastewater is being generated and dumped into water bodies without treatment. These have made improvement in water treatment efficiency and its reuse, an important agenda. Membrane technology for wastewater treatment is an advanced process and has become increasingly popular in past few decades. There are many traditional methods for tertiary treatment such as chemical coagulation, adsorption, etc. However recent developments in membrane technology field have led to manufacturing of better quality membranes at reduced costs. This along with the high costs of conventional treatment processes, high separation efficiency and relative simplicity of the membrane treatment process has made it an economically viable option for municipal and industrial purposes. Ultrafiltration polymeric membranes can be used for wastewater treatment and drinking water applications. The proposed work focuses on preparation of one such UF membrane - Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) doped with LiBr for wastewater treatment. Majorly all polymeric membranes are hydrophobic in nature. This property leads to repulsion of water and hence solute particles occupy the pores, decreasing the lifetime of a membrane. Thus modification of membrane through addition of small amount of salt such as LiBr helped us attain certain characteristics of membrane, which can then be used for wastewater treatment. The membrane characteristics are investigated through measuring its various properties such as porosity, contact angle and wettability to find out the hydrophilic nature of the membrane and morphology (surface as well as structure). Pure water flux, solute rejection and permeability of membrane is determined by permeation experiments. A study of membrane characteristics with various concentration of LiBr helped us to compare its effectivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lithium%20bromide%20%28LiBr%29" title="Lithium bromide (LiBr)">Lithium bromide (LiBr)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphology" title=" morphology"> morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permeability" title=" permeability"> permeability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Polyvinylidene%20fluoride%20%28PVDF%29" title=" Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)"> Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solute%20rejection" title=" solute rejection"> solute rejection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20treatment" title=" wastewater treatment"> wastewater treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93748/effect-of-lithium-bromide-concentration-on-the-structure-and-performance-of-polyvinylidene-fluoride-pvdf-membrane-for-wastewater-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93748.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">911</span> Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Effects of an Enantiomerically Pure β-Dipeptide Derivative through PI3K/Akt-Dependent and -Independent Pathways in Human Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mei-Ling%20Chan">Mei-Ling Chan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin-Ming%20Wu"> Jin-Ming Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Konstantin%20V.%20Kudryavtsev"> Konstantin V. Kudryavtsev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jih-Hwa%20Guh"> Jih-Hwa Guh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant disease in men. KUD983 is an enantiomerically pure β-dipeptide derivative, which may have anti-cancer effects. In the present study, KUD983 exhibits powerful activity against hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) PC-3 and DU145 cells. The IC50 values of KUD983 in PC-3 and DU145 cells are 0.56±0.07M and 0.50±0.04 M respectively. KUD983 induced G1 arrest of the cell cycle and subsequent apoptosis associated with the down-regulation of several related proteins including cyclin D1, cyclin E and Cdk4, and the de-phosphorylation of RB. The protein expressions of nuclear and total c-Myc protein, which was able to regulate the expression of both cyclin D1 and cyclin E, were significantly suppressed by KUD983. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an important signaling pathway that influences the energy metabolism, cell cycle, proliferation, survival and apoptosis of cells, and is associated with numerous other signaling pathways. The Western Blot data revealed that KUD983 inhibited PI3K/Akt and mTOR/p70S6K/4E-BP1 pathways. The transient transfection of constitutively active myristylated Akt (myr-Akt) cDNA significantly reversed KUD983-induced caspase activation but did not abolish the suppression of mTOR/p70S6K/4E-BP1 signaling cascade indicating the presence of both Akt-dependent and -independent pathways. Moreover, KUD983-induced effect was collaborated with the down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 members (e.g., Bcl-2, and Mcl-1) and IAP family members (e.g., survivin). Furthermore, KUD983 induced autophagic cell death using confocal microscopic examination, investigating the level of conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II and flow cytometric detection of AVO-positive cells. Taken together, the data suggest that KUD983 is an anticancer β-dipeptide against HRPCs through the inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptotic and autophagic cell death. The suppression of signaling pathways mediated by c-Myc, PI3K/Akt and mTOR/p70S6K/4E-BP1 and the collaboration with down-regulation of Mcl-1 and survivin may indicate the mechanism of KUD983 against HRPC. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B2-dipeptide" title="β-dipeptide">β-dipeptide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormone-refractory%20prostate%20cancer" title=" hormone-refractory prostate cancer"> hormone-refractory prostate cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mTOR" title=" mTOR"> mTOR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PI3K%2FAkt" title=" PI3K/Akt"> PI3K/Akt</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65603/antiproliferative-and-apoptotic-effects-of-an-enantiomerically-pure-v-dipeptide-derivative-through-pi3kakt-dependent-and-independent-pathways-in-human-hormone-refractory-prostate-cancer-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65603.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">910</span> Biosorption of Heavy Metals by Low Cost Adsorbents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azam%20Tabatabaee">Azam Tabatabaee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fereshteh%20Dastgoshadeh"> Fereshteh Dastgoshadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akram%20Tabatabaee"> Akram Tabatabaee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes the use of by-products as adsorbents for removing heavy metals from aqueous effluent solutions. Products of almond skin, walnut shell, saw dust, rice bran and egg shell were evaluated as metal ion adsorbents in aqueous solutions. A comparative study was done with commercial adsorbents like ion exchange resins and activated carbon too. Batch experiments were investigated to determine the affinity of all of biomasses for, Cd(ΙΙ), Cr(ΙΙΙ), Ni(ΙΙ), and Pb(ΙΙ) metal ions at pH 5. The rate of metal ion removal in the synthetic wastewater by the biomass was evaluated by measuring final concentration of synthetic wastewater. At a concentration of metal ion (50 mg/L), egg shell adsorbed high levels (98.6 – 99.7%) of Pb(ΙΙ) and Cr(ΙΙΙ) and walnut shell adsorbed high levels (35.3 – 65.4%) of Ni(ΙΙ) and Cd(ΙΙ). In this study, it has been shown that by-products were excellent adsorbents for removal of toxic ions from wastewater with efficiency comparable to commercially available adsorbents, but at a reduced cost. Also statistical studies using Independent Sample t Test and ANOVA Oneway for statistical comparison between various elements adsorption showed that there isn’t a significant difference in some elements adsorption percentage by by-products and commercial adsorbents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorbents" title="adsorbents">adsorbents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=commercial%20adsorbents" title=" commercial adsorbents"> commercial adsorbents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=by-products" title=" by-products"> by-products</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12428/biosorption-of-heavy-metals-by-low-cost-adsorbents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12428.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">909</span> Simultaneous Removal of Phosphate and Ammonium from Eutrophic Water Using Dolochar Based Media Filter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prangya%20Ranjan%20Rout">Prangya Ranjan Rout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajesh%20Roshan%20Dash"> Rajesh Roshan Dash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Puspendu%20Bhunia"> Puspendu Bhunia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the aim of enhancing the nutrient (ammonium and phosphate) removal from eutrophic wastewater with reduced cost, a novel media based multistage bio filter with drop aeration facility was developed in this work. The bio filter was packed with a discarded sponge iron industry by product, ‘dolochar’ primarily to remove phosphate via physicochemical approach. In the multi stage bio-filter drop, aeration was achieved by the process of percolation of the gravity-fed wastewater through the filter media and dropping down of wastewater from stage to stage. Ammonium present in wastewater got adsorbed by the filter media and biomass grown on the filter media and subsequently, got converted to nitrate through biological nitrification in the aerobic condition, as realized by drop aeration. The performance of the bio-filter in treating real eutrophic wastewater was monitored for a period of about 2 months. The influent phosphate concentration was in the range of 16-19 mg/L, and ammonium concentration was in the range of 65-78 mg/L. The average nutrient removal efficiency observed during the study period were 95.2% for phosphate and 88.7% for ammonium, with mean final effluent concentration of 0.91, and 8.74 mg/L, respectively. Furthermore, the subsequent release of nutrient from the saturated filter media, after completion of treatment process has been undertaken in this study and thin layer funnel analytical test results reveal the slow nutrient release nature of spent dolochar, thereby, recommending its potential agricultural application. Thus, the bio-filter displays immense prospective for treating real eutrophic wastewater, significantly decreasing the level of nutrients and keeping the effluent nutrient concentrations at par with the permissible limit and more importantly, facilitating the conversion of the waste materials into usable ones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ammonium%20removal" title="ammonium removal">ammonium removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20removal" title=" phosphate removal"> phosphate removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-stage%20bio-filter" title=" multi-stage bio-filter"> multi-stage bio-filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dolochar" title=" dolochar"> dolochar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79309/simultaneous-removal-of-phosphate-and-ammonium-from-eutrophic-water-using-dolochar-based-media-filter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79309.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">908</span> Enhanced COVID-19 Pharmaceuticals and Microplastics Removal from Wastewater Using Hybrid Reactor System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reda%20Dzingelevi%C4%8Dien%C4%97">Reda Dzingelevičienė</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vytautas%20Abromaitis"> Vytautas Abromaitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nerijus%20Dzingelevi%C4%8Dius"> Nerijus Dzingelevičius</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K%C4%99stutis%20Baranauskis"> Kęstutis Baranauskis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saulius%20Raugel%C4%97"> Saulius Raugelė</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malgorzata%20Mlynska-Szultka"> Malgorzata Mlynska-Szultka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergej%20Suzdalev"> Sergej Suzdalev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Pashaei"> Reza Pashaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajjad%20Abbasi"> Sajjad Abbasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boguslaw%20Buszewski"> Boguslaw Buszewski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A unique hybrid technology was developed for the removal of COVID-19 specific contaminants from wastewater. Reactor testing was performed using model water samples contaminated with COVID-19 pharmaceuticals and microplastics. Different hydraulic retention times, concentrations of pollutants and dissolved ozone were tested. Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, solid phase extraction, surface area and porosity, analytical tools were used to monitor the treatment efficiency and remaining sorption capacity of the spent adsorbent. The combination of advanced oxidation and adsorption processes was found to be the most effective, with the highest 90-99% and 89-95% molnupiravir and microplastics contaminants removal efficiency from the model wastewater. The research has received funding from the European Regional Development Fund (project No 13.1.1-LMT-K-718-05-0014) under a grant agreement with the Research Council of Lithuania (LMTLT), and it was funded as part of the European Union’s measure in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20reactor%20system" title=" hybrid reactor system"> hybrid reactor system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceuticals-microplastics" title=" pharmaceuticals-microplastics"> pharmaceuticals-microplastics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164034/enhanced-covid-19-pharmaceuticals-and-microplastics-removal-from-wastewater-using-hybrid-reactor-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164034.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">907</span> Estimation of Bio-Kinetic Coefficients for Treatment of Brewery Wastewater </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abimbola%20M.%20Enitan">Abimbola M. Enitan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Adeyemo"> J. Adeyemo </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Anaerobic modeling is a useful tool to describe and simulate the condition and behaviour of anaerobic treatment units for better effluent quality and biogas generation. The present investigation deals with the anaerobic treatment of brewery wastewater with varying organic loads. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS) of the influent and effluent of the bioreactor were determined at various retention times to generate data for kinetic coefficients. The bio-kinetic coefficients in the modified Stover–Kincannon kinetic and methane generation models were determined to study the performance of anaerobic digestion process. At steady-state, the determination of the kinetic coefficient (K), the endogenous decay coefficient (Kd), the maximum growth rate of microorganisms (µmax), the growth yield coefficient (Y), ultimate methane yield (Bo), maximum utilization rate constant Umax and the saturation constant (KB) in the model were calculated to be 0.046 g/g COD, 0.083 (dˉ¹), 0.117 (d-¹), 0.357 g/g, 0.516 (L CH4/gCODadded), 18.51 (g/L/day) and 13.64 (g/L/day) respectively. The outcome of this study will help in simulation of anaerobic model to predict usable methane and good effluent quality during the treatment of industrial wastewater. Thus, this will protect the environment, conserve natural resources, saves time and reduce cost incur by the industries for the discharge of untreated or partially treated wastewater. It will also contribute to a sustainable long-term clean development mechanism for the optimization of the methane produced from anaerobic degradation of waste in a close system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brewery%20wastewater" title="brewery wastewater">brewery wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methane%20generation%20model" title=" methane generation model"> methane generation model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaerobic%20modeling" title=" anaerobic modeling"> anaerobic modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5699/estimation-of-bio-kinetic-coefficients-for-treatment-of-brewery-wastewater" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5699.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">906</span> Performance of an Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) during Start-Up Period</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20M.%20Bassuney">D. M. Bassuney</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20A.%20Ibrahim"> W. A. Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Medhat%20A.%20E.%20Moustafa"> Medhat A. E. Moustafa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Appropriate start-up of an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) is considered to be the most delicate and important issue in the anaerobic process, and depends on several factors such as wastewater composition, reactor configuration, inoculum and operating conditions. In this work, the start-up performance of an ABR with working volume of 30 liters, fed continuously with synthetic food industrial wastewater along with semi-batch study to measure the methangenic activity by specific methanogenic activity (SMA) test were carried out at various organic loading rates (OLRs) to determine the best OLR used to start up the reactor. The comparison was based on COD removal efficiencies, start-up time, pH stability and methane production. An OLR of 1.8 Kg COD/m3d (5400 gCOD/m3 and 3 days HRT) showed best overall performance with COD removal efficiency of 94.44% after four days from the feeding and methane production of 3802 ml/L with an overall SMA of 0.36 gCH4-COD/gVS.d <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaerobic%20baffled%20reactor" title="anaerobic baffled reactor">anaerobic baffled reactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaerobic%20reactor%20start-up" title=" anaerobic reactor start-up"> anaerobic reactor start-up</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20industrial%20wastewater" title=" food industrial wastewater"> food industrial wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specific%20methanogenic%20activity" title=" specific methanogenic activity"> specific methanogenic activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9694/performance-of-an-anaerobic-baffled-reactor-abr-during-start-up-period" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9694.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">905</span> A Decision Making Tool for Selecting the Most Environmental Friendly Wastewater Treatment Plant for Small-Scale Communities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehmet%20Bulent%20Topkaya">Mehmet Bulent Topkaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Yildirim"> Mustafa Yildirim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wastewater treatment systems are designed and used to minimize adverse impacts of the wastewater on the environment before discharging. Various treatment options for wastewater treatment have been developed, and each of them has different performance characteristics and environmental impacts (e.g. material and land usage, energy consumption, greenhouse gas emission, water and soil emission) during construction, operation or maintenance phases. Assessing the environmental impacts during these phases are essential for the overall evaluation of the treatment systems. In this study, wastewater treatment options, such as vegetated land treatment, constructed wetland, rotating biological contactor, conventional activated sludge treatment, membrane bioreactor, extended aeration and stabilization pond are evaluated. The comparison of the environmental impacts is conducted under the assumption that the effluents will be discharged to sensitive and less sensitive areas respectively. The environmental impacts of each alternative are evaluated by life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. For this purpose, data related to energy usage, land requirement, raw material consumption, and released emissions from the life phases were collected with inventory studies based on field studies and literature. The environmental impacts were assessed by using SimaPro 7.1 LCA software. As the scale of the LCA results is global, an MS-Excel based decision support tool that includes the LCA result is developed in order to meet also the local demands. Using this tool, it is possible to assign weight factors on the LCA results according to local conditions by using Analytical Hierarchy Process and finally the most environmentally appropriate treatment option can be selected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20hierarchy%20process" title="analytical hierarchy process">analytical hierarchy process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20support%20system" title=" decision support system"> decision support system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20cycle%20assessment" title=" life cycle assessment"> life cycle assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20treatment" title=" wastewater treatment"> wastewater treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65599/a-decision-making-tool-for-selecting-the-most-environmental-friendly-wastewater-treatment-plant-for-small-scale-communities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65599.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">904</span> Studies on Dye Removal by Aspergillus niger Strain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Mahmoud">M. S. Mahmoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samah%20A.%20Mohamed"> Samah A. Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neama%20A.%20Sobhy"> Neama A. Sobhy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For color removal from wastewater containing organic contaminants, biological treatment systems have been widely used such as physical and chemical methods of flocculation, coagulation. Fungal decolorization of dye containing wastewater is one of important goal in industrial wastewater treatment. This work was aimed to characterize Aspergillus niger strain for dye removal from aqueous solution and from raw textile wastewater. Batch experiments were studied for removal of color using fungal isolate biomass under different conditions. Environmental conditions like pH, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial dye concentration were studied. Influence of the pH on the removal of azo dye by Aspergillus niger was carried out between pH 1.0 and pH 11.0. The optimum pH for red dye decolonization was 9.0. Results showed the decolorization of dye was decreased with the increase of its initial dye concentration. The adsorption data was analyzed based on the models of equilibrium isotherm (Freundlich model and Langmuir model). During the adsorption isotherm studies; dye removal was better fitted to Freundlich model. The isolated fungal biomass was characterized according to its surface area both pre and post the decolorization process by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis. Results indicate that the isolated fungal biomass showed higher affinity for dye in decolorization process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomass" title="biomass">biomass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosorption" title=" biosorption"> biosorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dye" title=" dye"> dye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isotherms" title=" isotherms"> isotherms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48461/studies-on-dye-removal-by-aspergillus-niger-strain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">305</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">903</span> Leaching of Metal Cations from Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) Steelmaking Slag Immersed in Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umashankar%20Morya">Umashankar Morya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Somnath%20Basu"> Somnath Basu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Metalloids like arsenic are often present as contaminants in industrial effluents. Removal of the same is essential before the safe discharge of the wastewater into the environment. Otherwise, these pollutants tend to percolate into aquifers over a period of time and contaminate drinking water sources. Several adsorbents, including metal powders, carbon nanotubes and zeolites, are being used for this purpose, with varying degrees of success. However, most of these solutions are not only costly but also not always readily available. This restricts their use, especially among financially weaker communities. Slag generated globally from primary steelmaking operations exceeds 200 billion kg every year. Some of it is utilized for applications like road construction, filler in reinforced concrete, railway track ballast and recycled into iron ore agglomeration processes. However, these usually involve low-value addition, and a significant amount of the slag still ends up in a landfill. However, there is a strong possibility that the constituents in the steelmaking slag may immobilize metalloid contaminants present in wastewater through a combination of adsorption and precipitation of insoluble product(s). Preliminary experiments have already indicated that exposure to basic oxygen steelmaking slag does reduce pollutant concentration in wastewater. In addition, the slag is relatively inexpensive and available in large quantities and in several countries across the world. Investigations on the mechanism of interactions at the water-solid interfaces have been in progress for some time. However, at the same time, there are concerns about the possibility of leaching of metal ions from the slag particles in concentrations greater than what exists in the water bodies where the “treated” wastewater would eventually be discharged. The effect of such leached ions on the aquatic flora and fauna is yet uncertain. This has prompted the present investigation, which focuses on the leaching of metal ions from steelmaking slag particles in contact with wastewater, and the influence of these ions on the removal of contaminant species. Experiments were carried out to quantify the leaching behavior of different ionic species upon exposure of the slag particles to simulated wastewater, both with and without specific metalloid contaminants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slag" title="slag">slag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water" title=" water"> water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metalloid" title=" metalloid"> metalloid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metal" title=" heavy metal"> heavy metal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165368/leaching-of-metal-cations-from-basic-oxygen-furnace-bof-steelmaking-slag-immersed-in-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165368.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">902</span> Decentralized Wastewater Treatment in Coastal Touristic Areas Using Standardized Modular Biological Filtration (SMBF)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andreas%20R%C3%BCdiger">Andreas Rüdiger</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The selection of appropriate wastewater treatment technology for decentralized coastal tourist areas is an important engineering challenge. The local situation in coastal tourist cities and villages is characterized by important daily and seasonal fluctuations in hydraulic flow and pollution, high annual temperature variations, scarcity of building area and high housing density. At the same time, coastal zones have to meet stringent effluent limits all over the year and need simple and easy technologies to operate. This article presents the innovative technology of standardized modular aerated up-flow biofiltration SMBF as an adapted solution for decentralized wastewater treatment in sensitive touristic coastal areas. As modular technology with several biofiltration units, the system is able to treat low and high loads with low energy consumption and low demands for operators. The article focuses on the climatic and tourist situation in Croatia. Full-scale plants in Eastern Europe and Croatia have presented as well as dimensioning parameters and outlet concentrations. Energy consumption as a function of load is demonstrated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20treatment" title="wastewater treatment">wastewater treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofiltration" title=" biofiltration"> biofiltration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=touristic%20areas" title=" touristic areas"> touristic areas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20saving" title=" energy saving"> energy saving</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166151/decentralized-wastewater-treatment-in-coastal-touristic-areas-using-standardized-modular-biological-filtration-smbf" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166151.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">901</span> Water, Hygiene, and Sanitation in Senegal’s School Environment: A Study of the Performance of a Reed Bed Filter Installed at Gandiol School for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdou%20Khafor%20Ndiaye">Abdou Khafor Ndiaye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article examines clean water and sanitation in Saint-Louis region schools. It finds that 59% have clean water, with disparities between departments, urban/rural areas, and school types. Podor and Dagana lack water due to distance and costs. 70% have sanitation, but rural schools lack it due to low investment. Podor and Dagana suffer the most. Many sanitation facilities need renovation. Wastewater treatment is effective, reducing pollutants and nitrogen, but adjustments are needed for nitrates. Treated water meets Senegalese standards and can be used for irrigation but needs monitoring for strict standards. In conclusion, the wastewater system is good for regions with limited water. Meeting stricter European standards and monitoring for health and environmental standards are needed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water" title="water">water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constructed%20wetland" title=" constructed wetland"> constructed wetland</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sanitation" title=" sanitation"> sanitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hygiene" title=" hygiene"> hygiene</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173574/water-hygiene-and-sanitation-in-senegals-school-environment-a-study-of-the-performance-of-a-reed-bed-filter-installed-at-gandiol-school-for-wastewater-treatment-and-reuse" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173574.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">900</span> Use of Diatomite for the Elimination of Chromium Three from Wastewater Annaba, Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabiha%20Chouchane">Sabiha Chouchane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toufik%20Chouchane"> Toufik Chouchane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azzedine%20Hani"> Azzedine Hani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The wastewater was treated with a natural asorbent “Diatomite” to eliminate chromium three. Diatomite is an element that comes from Sig (west of Algeria). The physicochemical characterization revealed that the diatomite is mainly made up of silica, lime and a lower degree of alumina. The process considered in static regime, at 20°C, an ion stirring speed of 150 rpm, a pH = 4 and a grain diameter of between 100 and 150µm, shows that one gram of diatomite purified can fix according to the Langmuir model up to 39.64 mg/g of chromium with pseudo 1st order kinetics. The pseudo-equilibrium time highlighted is 25 minutes. The affinity between the adsorbent and the adsorbate follows the value of the RL ratio indicates us that the solid used has a good adsorption capacity. The external transport of the metal ions from the solution to the adsorbent seems to be a step controlling the speed of the overall process. On the other hand, internal transport in the pores is not the only limiting mechanism of sorption kinetics. Thermodynamic parameters show that chromium sorption is spontaneous and exothermic with negative entropy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diatomite" title=" diatomite"> diatomite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crIII" title=" crIII"> crIII</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184734/use-of-diatomite-for-the-elimination-of-chromium-three-from-wastewater-annaba-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184734.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">55</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">899</span> Demographic Impact on Wastewater: A Systemic Analysis of Human Impact on Wastewater Quality in Dhaka, Bangladesh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dewan%20Hasin%20Mahtab">Dewan Hasin Mahtab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farzana%20Sadia"> Farzana Sadia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> At present, wastewater treatment has become essential to maintain a constant supply of safe water as well as to protect the environment. Due to overpopulation and overconsumption, the water quality from various surface water sources is degrading every day. Being one of the megacities in the world, Dhaka City, is going through rapid industrialization and urbanization. The effluents from these industries and factories are mostly discharged directly into the rivers without any treatment. As such, the quality of water of Buriganga is being afflicted with a noisome problem of pollution. The water of the Buriganga River has become detrimental to humans, animals, and the environment. It has become crucial to conserve the environment so that we can save both ourselves and the environment. The first step towards it should be analyzing the wastewater to decide the further steps of the treatment process. Increased population and increased consumption both contribute to water pollution. Mohammadpur is a developing area of Dhaka City, and Kamrangirchar is one of the largest slum areas in Dhaka City. The total study area is 6.13 sq. Km of Dhaka city with a population of 4,73,310 people. Of them, 86.47% had their own latrine, 47% were directly connected to the drain, 55% had septic tanks, and 70.09% of them cleaned their septic tank once a year. The pH, Dissolved Oxygen, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Total Dissolved Solid, Total Suspended and total coliforms of wastewater from two samples of both Mohammadpur and Kamrangirchar was analyzed. The DO level from the water bodies of Kamrangirchar was found very low, making the water bodies inhabitable for aquatic plants and animals. The BOD and COD level was extremely high from samples collected from Mohammadpur. The total coliforms count was found too high during the wet season, making it a potential health concern in the wet season in these two areas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dhaka" title="Dhaka">Dhaka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20conservation%20rule" title=" environmental conservation rule"> environmental conservation rule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sanitation" title=" sanitation"> sanitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128703/demographic-impact-on-wastewater-a-systemic-analysis-of-human-impact-on-wastewater-quality-in-dhaka-bangladesh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128703.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">898</span> Reuse of Wastewater from the Treated Water Pre-treatment Plant for Agricultural Purposes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aicha%20Assal">Aicha Assal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Mostapha%20Lotfi"> El Mostapha Lotfi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> According to data from the Directorate General of Meteorology (DGM), the average amount of precipitation recorded nationwide between September 1, 2021, and January 31, 2022, is 38.8 millimeters. This is well below the climatological normal of 106.8 millimeters for the same period between 1981 and 2010. This situation is becoming increasingly worrying, particularly for farmers who are finding it difficult to irrigate their land and feed their livestock. Drought is greatly influenced by the effects of climate change, mainly caused by pollution and greenhouse gases (GHGs). The aim of this work is to contribute to the purification of wastewater (considered as polluting) in order to reuse it for irrigation in agricultural areas or for livestock watering. This will be achieved once physico-chemical treatment tests on these waters have been carried out and validated. The main parameters analyzed in this study, after carrying out discoloration tests on domestic wastewater, include COD (chemical oxygen demand), BOD5 (biochemical oxygen demand), pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, suspended solids (SS), phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and ammonium ions, faecal and total coliforms, as well as monitoring heavy metal concentrations. This work is also aimed at reclaiming the sludge produced by the decantation process, which will enable the waste to be transformed and reused as compost in agriculture and gardening. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title="wastewater">wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irrigation" title=" irrigation"> irrigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COD" title=" COD"> COD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COB" title=" COB"> COB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SS" title=" SS"> SS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167830/reuse-of-wastewater-from-the-treated-water-pre-treatment-plant-for-agricultural-purposes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167830.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">897</span> Screening Microalgae Strains Which Were Isolated from Agriculture and Municipal Wastewater Drain, Reno, Nevada and Reuse of Effluent Water from Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant in Microalgae Cultivation for Biofuel Feedstock</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nita%20Rukminasari">Nita Rukminasari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to select microalgae strains, which were isolated from agriculture and municipal wastewater drain, Reno, Nevada that has highest growth rate and lipid contents. The experiments in this study were carried out in two consecutive stages. The first stage is aimed at testing the survival capability of all isolated microalgae strains and determining the best candidates to grow in centrate cultivation system. The second stage was targeted at determination the highest growth rate and highest lipid content of the selected top performing algae strain when cultivated on centrate wastewater. 26 microalgae strains, which were isolated from municipal and agriculture waste water, were analyzed using Flow cytometer for FACS of lipid with BODIPY and Nile Red as a lipid dyes and they grew on 96 wells plate for 31 days to determine growth rate as a based line data for growth rate. The result showed that microalgae strains which showed a high mean of fluorescence for BODIPY and Nile Red were F3.BP.1, F3.LV.1, T1.3.1, and T1.3.3. Five microalgae strains which have high growth rate were T1.3.3, T2.4.1. F3.LV.1, T2.12.1 and T3.3.1. In conclusion, microalgae strain which showed the highest starch content was F3.LV.1. T1.3.1 had the highest mean of fluorescence for Nile Red and BODIPY. Microalgae strains were potential for biofuel feedstock such as F3.LV.1 and T1.3.1, those microalgae strains showed a positive correlation between growth rate at stationary phase, biomass and meant of fluorescence for Nile Red and BODIPY. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture%20and%20municipal%20wastewater" title="agriculture and municipal wastewater">agriculture and municipal wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofuel" title=" biofuel"> biofuel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=centrate" title=" centrate"> centrate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microalgae" title=" microalgae"> microalgae</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59414/screening-microalgae-strains-which-were-isolated-from-agriculture-and-municipal-wastewater-drain-reno-nevada-and-reuse-of-effluent-water-from-municipal-wastewater-treatment-plant-in-microalgae-cultivation-for-biofuel-feedstock" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59414.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">896</span> High Performance Methyl Orange Capture on Magnetic Nanoporous MCM-41 Prepared by Incipient Wetness Impregnation Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Talib%20M.%20Albayati">Talib M. Albayati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20S.%20Mahdy"> Omar S. Mahdy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghanim%20M.%20Alwan"> Ghanim M. Alwan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work is aimed to prepare magnetic nanoporous material Fe/MCM-41 and study its Physical characterization in order to enhance the magnetic properties for study the operating conditions on separation efficiency of methyl orange (MO) from wastewater by adsorption process. The experimental results are analysed to select the best operating conditions for different studied parameters which were obtained for both adsorbents mesoporous material samples MCM-41 and magnetic Fe/MCM-41 as follow: constant temperature (20 ºC), pH: (2) adsorbent dosage (0.03 gm), contact time (10 minute) and concentrations (30 mg/L). The results are demonstrated that the adsorption processes can be well fitted by the Langmuir isotherm model for pure MCM-41 with a higher correlation coefficient (0.999) and fitted by the freundlich isotherm model for magnetic Fe/MCM-41 with a higher correlation coefficient of (0.994). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoporous%20materials" title=" nanoporous materials"> nanoporous materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mcm-41" title=" mcm-41"> mcm-41</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20material" title=" magnetic material"> magnetic material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orange" title=" orange"> orange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41064/high-performance-methyl-orange-capture-on-magnetic-nanoporous-mcm-41-prepared-by-incipient-wetness-impregnation-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41064.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">895</span> Producing Sustained Renewable Energy and Removing Organic Pollutants from Distillery Wastewater using Consortium of Sludge Microbes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anubha%20Kaushik">Anubha Kaushik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raman%20Preet"> Raman Preet </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Distillery wastewater in the form of spent wash is a complex and strong industrial effluent, with high load of organic pollutants that may deplete dissolved oxygen on being discharged into aquatic systems and contaminate groundwater by leaching of pollutants, while untreated spent wash disposed on land acidifies the soil. Stringent legislative measures have therefore been framed in different countries for discharge standards of distillery effluent. Utilising the organic pollutants present in various types of wastes as food by mixed microbial populations is emerging as an eco-friendly approach in the recent years, in which complex organic matter is converted into simpler forms, and simultaneously useful gases are produced as renewable and clean energy sources. In the present study, wastewater from a rice bran based distillery has been used as the substrate in a dark fermenter, and native microbial consortium from the digester sludge has been used as the inoculum to treat the wastewater and produce hydrogen. After optimising the operational conditions in batch reactors, sequential batch mode and continuous flow stirred tank reactors were used to study the best operational conditions for enhanced and sustained hydrogen production and removal of pollutants. Since the rate of hydrogen production by the microbial consortium during dark fermentation is influenced by concentration of organic matter, pH and temperature, these operational conditions were optimised in batch mode studies. Maximum hydrogen production rate (347.87ml/L/d) was attained in 32h dark fermentation while a good proportion of COD also got removed from the wastewater. Slightly acidic initial pH seemed to favor biohydrogen production. In continuous stirred tank reactor, high H<sub>2</sub> production from distillery wastewater was obtained from a relatively shorter substrate retention time (SRT) of 48h and a moderate organic loading rate (OLR) of 172 g/l/d COD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distillery%20wastewater" title="distillery wastewater">distillery wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen" title=" hydrogen"> hydrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbial%20consortium" title=" microbial consortium"> microbial consortium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20pollution" title=" organic pollution"> organic pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sludge" title=" sludge"> sludge</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71268/producing-sustained-renewable-energy-and-removing-organic-pollutants-from-distillery-wastewater-using-consortium-of-sludge-microbes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71268.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">277</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">894</span> Al₂O₃ Nano-Particles Impact on Pseudomonas Putida Gene Expression: Implications for Environmental Risk</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nina%20Doskocz">Nina Doskocz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katarzyna%20Affek"> Katarzyna Affek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magdalena%20Matczuk"> Magdalena Matczuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monika%20Za%C5%82%C4%99ska-Radziwi%C5%82%C5%82"> Monika Załęska-Radziwiłł</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wastewater treatment is a critical environmental issue, especially in the face of increasing urbanization and industrialization. One of the emerging issues related to wastewater is the presence of nanoparticles (NPs) - tiny particles with dimensions measured in nanometers. These nanoparticles are widely used in various industries, including medicine, electronics, and consumer products. With technological advances, NPs are increasingly finding their way into water and wastewater systems, posing new environmental challenges that require urgent research and regulation. Therefore, research on the impact of nanoparticles on wastewater treatment processes is critical to protect environmental health and ensure sustainable development in the face of advancing nanotechnology. Traditional ecotoxicological tests are often inadequate for routine analysis as they do not provide insight into the mechanisms of toxicity of these compounds. The development of (geno)toxicity biomarkers for nanoparticles will greatly aid in the rapid assessment and prediction of the effects of current and emerging nanomaterials on various organisms. However, despite growing interest in gene expression responses to nanoparticle-induced stress, the toxic mechanisms of action and defense responses against nanoparticle toxicity remain poorly understood. The aim of our research was to investigate the expression of several molecular biomarkers related to essential cellular functions - such as oxidative stress, xenobiotic detoxification, and mitochondrial electron transport - in Pseudomonas putida in response to Al₂O₃ nanoparticles found in wastewater, both before and after biological treatment, as well as in their native form. Real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to assess gene expression changes after 1 hour and 16 hours of exposure to Al₂O₃ NPs and wastewater containing these nanoparticles, both before and after biological treatment. In addition, gene expression measurements were performed on P. putida in the presence of bulk Al₂O₃ (pristine and in wastewater). The results showed increased expression of ahpC, katE and ctaD genes, indicating oxidative stress, increased detoxification capacity and impaired mitochondrial function. Both untreated and treated wastewater containing nanoparticles caused significant changes in gene expression, demonstrating the persistent bioactivity and potential toxicity of these nanoparticles. Nanoparticles exhibited greater reactivity and bioavailability compared to their bulk counterparts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title="nanoparticles">nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gene%20expression" title=" gene expression"> gene expression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qPCR" title=" qPCR"> qPCR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191056/al2o3-nano-particles-impact-on-pseudomonas-putida-gene-expression-implications-for-environmental-risk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191056.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">17</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">893</span> Bioremediation Potential of Stegiocolonium and Spirogyra Grown in Waste Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neelma%20Munir">Neelma Munir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zirwa%20Sarwar"> Zirwa Sarwar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rubab%20Naseem"> Rubab Naseem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Hasnain"> Maria Hasnain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shagufta%20Naz"> Shagufta Naz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wastewater discharge from different sources causes contamination of water bodies and eutrophication. Stegiocolonium and Spirogyra are commonly found algal species in the water bodies of Pakistan. These algal species were tested for their bioremediation potential using different wastewaters. Different parameters, i.e., BOD, COD, pH, nitrates, phosphates and microflora, were analyzed to observe the phycoremediation efficiency of the tested algal strains. When these different wastewaters were treated with these algae, reduction of BOD and COD was observed helped in the reduction of pollutants from the environment. From the results of the present study, it was evident that Ulothrix sp. and Oedogonium sp. showed a high biomass production in different wastewaters as compared to Stigeoclonium sp. and Spirogyra sp. Whereas the oil content of Stigeoclonium sp. was greater than Spirogyra sp. Oil extracted from algal strains was then utilized for converting it to biodiesel, indicating that these algal species can be cultured in wastewater to produce biodiesel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algae" title="algae">algae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofuel" title=" biofuel"> biofuel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioremediation" title=" bioremediation"> bioremediation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146107/bioremediation-potential-of-stegiocolonium-and-spirogyra-grown-in-waste-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146107.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">892</span> Revolutionary Wastewater Treatment Technology: An Affordable, Low-Maintenance Solution for Wastewater Recovery and Energy-Saving</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hady%20Hamidyan">Hady Hamidyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As the global population continues to grow, the demand for clean water and effective wastewater treatment becomes increasingly critical. By 2030, global water demand is projected to exceed supply by 40%, driven by population growth, increased water usage, and climate change. Currently, about 4.2 billion people lack access to safely managed sanitation services. The wastewater treatment sector faces numerous challenges, including the need for energy-efficient solutions, cost-effectiveness, ease of use, and low maintenance requirements. This abstract presents a groundbreaking wastewater treatment technology that addresses these challenges by offering an energy-saving approach, wastewater recovery capabilities, and a ready-made, affordable, and user-friendly package with minimal maintenance costs. The unique design of this ready-made package made it possible to eliminate the need for pumps, filters, airlift, and other common equipment. Consequently, it enables sustainable wastewater treatment management with exceptionally low energy and cost requirements, minimizing investment and maintenance expenses. The operation of these packages is based on continuous aeration, which involves injecting oxygen gas or air into the aeration chamber through a tubular diffuser with very small openings. This process supplies the necessary oxygen for aerobic bacteria. The recovered water, which amounts to almost 95% of the input, can be treated to meet specific quality standards, allowing safe reuse for irrigation, industrial processes, or even potable purposes. This not only reduces the strain on freshwater resources but also provides economic benefits by offsetting the costs associated with freshwater acquisition and wastewater discharge. The ready-made, affordable, and user-friendly nature of this technology makes it accessible to a wide range of users, including small communities, industries, and decentralized wastewater treatment systems. The system incorporates user-friendly interfaces, simplified operational procedures, and integrated automation, facilitating easy implementation and operation. Additionally, the use of durable materials, efficient equipment, and advanced monitoring systems significantly reduces maintenance requirements, resulting in low overall life-cycle costs and alleviating the burden on operators and maintenance personnel. In conclusion, the presented wastewater treatment technology offers a comprehensive solution to the challenges faced by the industry. Its energy-saving approach, combined with wastewater recovery capabilities, ensures sustainable resource management and enhances environmental stewardship. This affordable, ready-made, and low-maintenance package promotes broad adoption across various sectors and communities, contributing to a more sustainable future for water and wastewater management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20treatment" title="wastewater treatment">wastewater treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20saving" title=" energy saving"> energy saving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20recovery" title=" wastewater recovery"> wastewater recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=affordable%20package" title=" affordable package"> affordable package</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20maintenance%20costs" title=" low maintenance costs"> low maintenance costs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20resource%20management" title=" sustainable resource management"> sustainable resource management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20stewardship" title=" environmental stewardship"> environmental stewardship</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167536/revolutionary-wastewater-treatment-technology-an-affordable-low-maintenance-solution-for-wastewater-recovery-and-energy-saving" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167536.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">891</span> Impact of Activated Sludge Bulking and Foaming on the Quality of Kuwait's Irrigation Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdallah%20Abusam">Abdallah Abusam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrzej%20Mydlarczyk"> Andrzej Mydlarczyk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadila%20Al-Salameen"> Fadila Al-Salameen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moh%20Elmuntasir%20Ahmed"> Moh Elmuntasir Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Treated municipal wastewater produced in Kuwait is used mainly in agricultural and greenery landscape irrigations. However, there are strong doubts that severe sludge bulking and foaming problems, particularly during winter seasons, may render the treated wastewater to be unsuitable for irrigation purposes. To assess the impact of sludge bulking and foaming problems on the quality of treated effluents, samples were collected weekly for nine months (January to September 2014) from the secondary effluents, tertiary effluents and sludge-mixed liquor streams of the two plants that severely suffer from sludge bulking and foaming problems. Dominant filamentous bacteria were identified and quantified using a molecular method called VIT (Vermicon Identification Technology). Quality of the treated effluents was determined according to water and wastewater standard methods. Obtained results were then statistically analyzed and compared to irrigation water standards. Statistical results indicated that secondary effluents were greatly impacted by sludge bulking and foaming problems, while tertiary effluents were slightly affected. This finding highlights the importance of having tertiary treatment units in plants that encountering sludge bulking and foaming problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture" title="agriculture">agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filamentous%20bacteria" title=" filamentous bacteria"> filamentous bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reclamation" title=" reclamation"> reclamation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reuse" title=" reuse"> reuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60154/impact-of-activated-sludge-bulking-and-foaming-on-the-quality-of-kuwaits-irrigation-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60154.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">269</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">890</span> Colour and Curcuminoids Removal from Turmeric Wastewater Using Activated Carbon Adsorption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nattawat%20Thongpraphai">Nattawat Thongpraphai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anusorn%20Boonpoke"> Anusorn Boonpoke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed to determine the removal of colour and curcuminoids from turmeric wastewater using granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption. The adsorption isotherm and kinetic behavior of colour and curcuminoids was invested using batch and fixed bed columns tests. The results indicated that the removal efficiency of colour and curcuminoids were 80.13 and 78.64%, respectively at 8 hr of equilibrium time. The adsorption isotherm of colour and curcuminoids were well fitted with the Freundlich adsorption model. The maximum adsorption capacity of colour and curcuminoids were 130 Pt-Co/g and 17 mg/g, respectively. The continuous experiment data showed that the exhaustion concentration of colour and curcuminoids occurred at 39 hr of operation time. The adsorption characteristic of colour and curcuminoids from turmeric wastewater by GAC can be described by the Thomas model. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained from kinetic approach were 39954 Pt-Co/g and 0.0516 mg/kg for colour and curcuminoids, respectively. Moreover, the decrease of colour and curcuminoids concentration during the service time showed a similar trend. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turmeric" title=" turmeric"> turmeric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colour" title=" colour"> colour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curcuminoids" title=" curcuminoids"> curcuminoids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activated%20carbon" title=" activated carbon"> activated carbon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26353/colour-and-curcuminoids-removal-from-turmeric-wastewater-using-activated-carbon-adsorption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26353.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">424</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">889</span> High Efficient Biohydrogen Production from Cassava Starch Processing Wastewater by Two Stage Thermophilic Fermentation and Electrohydrogenesis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peerawat%20Khongkliang">Peerawat Khongkliang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prawit%20Kongjan"> Prawit Kongjan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsuyoshi%20Imai"> Tsuyoshi Imai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poonsuk%20Prasertsan"> Poonsuk Prasertsan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sompong%20O-Thong"> Sompong O-Thong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A two-stage thermophilic fermentation and electrohydrogenesis process was used to convert cassava starch processing wastewater into hydrogen gas. Maximum hydrogen yield from fermentation stage by Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum PSU-2 was 248 mL H2/g-COD at optimal pH of 6.5. Optimum hydrogen production rate of 820 mL/L/d and yield of 200 mL/g COD was obtained at HRT of 2 days in fermentation stage. Cassava starch processing wastewater fermentation effluent consisted of acetic acid, butyric acid and propionic acid. The effluent from fermentation stage was used as feedstock to generate hydrogen production by microbial electrolysis cell (MECs) at an applied voltage of 0.6 V in second stage with additional 657 mL H2/g-COD was produced. Energy efficiencies based on electricity needed for the MEC were 330 % with COD removals of 95 %. The overall hydrogen yield was 800-900 mL H2/g-COD. Microbial community analysis of electrohydrogenesis by DGGE shows that exoelectrogens belong to Acidiphilium sp., Geobacter sulfurreducens and Thermincola sp. were dominated at anode. These results show two-stage thermophilic fermentation, and electrohydrogenesis process improved hydrogen production performance with high hydrogen yields, high gas production rates and high COD removal efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cassava%20starch%20processing%20wastewater" title="cassava starch processing wastewater">cassava starch processing wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biohydrogen" title=" biohydrogen"> biohydrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermophilic%20fermentation" title=" thermophilic fermentation"> thermophilic fermentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbial%20electrolysis%20cell" title=" microbial electrolysis cell"> microbial electrolysis cell</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43009/high-efficient-biohydrogen-production-from-cassava-starch-processing-wastewater-by-two-stage-thermophilic-fermentation-and-electrohydrogenesis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43009.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oily%20refractory%20wastewater&page=7" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oily%20refractory%20wastewater&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oily%20refractory%20wastewater&page=2">2</a></li> <li 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