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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Portaal</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Skryfstelsels</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 6 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-6" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">6 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9:%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9" title="بوابة:كتابة – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بوابة:كتابة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%95:%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86" title="دەروازە:نووسین – Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دەروازە:نووسین" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Writing" title="Portal:Writing – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Portal:Writing" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portail:%C3%89criture" title="Portail:Écriture – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Portail:Écriture" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AC%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="პორტალი:დამწერლობა – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პორტალი:დამწერლობა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BA:%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%9B%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="ද්වාරය:ලේඛන කලාව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ද්වාරය:ලේඛන කලාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11056665#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-portaal" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Skryfstelsels" title="View the subject page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Portaal</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Portaalbespreking:Skryfstelsels&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy (bladsy bestaan nie) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verander taalvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Afrikaans</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergawes"> <div 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Skryfstelsels"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Portaal:Skryfstelsels&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Portaal:Skryfstelsels&action=history"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Skakels_hierheen/Portaal:Skryfstelsels" title="'n Lys bladsye wat hierheen skakel [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Skakels hierheen</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:OnlangseVeranderingsMetSkakels/Portaal:Skryfstelsels" rel="nofollow" title="Onlangse wysigings aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Verwante veranderings</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Spesiale_bladsye" title="'n Lys van al die spesiale bladsye [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesiale bladsye</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Portaal:Skryfstelsels&oldid=2571092" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy"><span>Permanente skakel</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Portaal:Skryfstelsels&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Bladinligting</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPortaal%3ASkryfstelsels"><span>Kry verkorte URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPortaal%3ASkryfstelsels"><span>Laai QR-kode af</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11056665" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><small><div id="blaaibalk" style="margin:-3px auto 0.2em; text-align: center; font-size:95%;"> <p>Wikipedia-portale: <a href="/wiki/Portaal:Musiek" title="Portaal:Musiek">Musiek</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Portaal:Letterkunde" title="Portaal:Letterkunde">Letterkunde</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Portaal:Sport" title="Portaal:Sport">Sport</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Portaal:Geografie" title="Portaal:Geografie">Geografie</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Portaal:Geologie" title="Portaal:Geologie">Geologie</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Portaal:Geskiedenis" title="Portaal:Geskiedenis">Geskiedenis</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Portaal:Fisika" title="Portaal:Fisika">Fisika</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Portaal:Chemie" title="Portaal:Chemie">Chemie</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Portaal:Biologie" title="Portaal:Biologie">Biologie</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Portaal:Sterrekunde" title="Portaal:Sterrekunde">Sterrekunde</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Portaal:Krieket" title="Portaal:Krieket">Krieket</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Portaal:Rugby" title="Portaal:Rugby">Rugby</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Portaal:Vlae_en_wapens" title="Portaal:Vlae en wapens">Vlae en wapens</a> </p> </div></small> <table width="100%" align="center" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#FEFEFA; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size:120%; border:4px solid #C3B091; text-align:left; padding-left: 0.4em"> <tbody><tr> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Calligraphie_arabe_thuluth_2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Calligraphie_arabe_thuluth_2.svg/106px-Calligraphie_arabe_thuluth_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="106" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Calligraphie_arabe_thuluth_2.svg/159px-Calligraphie_arabe_thuluth_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Calligraphie_arabe_thuluth_2.svg/212px-Calligraphie_arabe_thuluth_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="850" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:2008.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/2008.svg/126px-2008.svg.png" decoding="async" width="126" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/2008.svg/190px-2008.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/2008.svg/253px-2008.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="821" data-file-height="650" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85.png/100px-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85.png/150px-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85.png/200px-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85.png 2x" data-file-width="425" data-file-height="425" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Aum_calligraphy_Red.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Aum_calligraphy_Red.svg/108px-Aum_calligraphy_Red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="108" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Aum_calligraphy_Red.svg/161px-Aum_calligraphy_Red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Aum_calligraphy_Red.svg/215px-Aum_calligraphy_Red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="251" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Hamza_Bin_Abd_Al-Mottalib_Name.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Hamza_Bin_Abd_Al-Mottalib_Name.png/100px-Hamza_Bin_Abd_Al-Mottalib_Name.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Hamza_Bin_Abd_Al-Mottalib_Name.png/150px-Hamza_Bin_Abd_Al-Mottalib_Name.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Hamza_Bin_Abd_Al-Mottalib_Name.png/200px-Hamza_Bin_Abd_Al-Mottalib_Name.png 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div style="text-align:center;"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Welkom_by_die_Afrikaanse_Wikipedia_se_portaal_oor_skryfstelsels"><i><b>Welkom by die Afrikaanse Wikipedia se portaal oor <a href="/wiki/Skryfstelsel" title="Skryfstelsel">skryfstelsels</a></b></i></h4></div> </div> <table class="infobox noprint" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#C3B091;">    <a href="/wiki/Skryfstelsel" title="Skryfstelsel">Skryfstelsels</a>    </th></tr> <tr><td style="background:#FEFEFA;" align="left"> <p><span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:none; background-color:palegreen;; color:palegreen;;">    </span>  <a href="/wiki/Abjad" title="Abjad">Abjad</a> </span><br /> <span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:none; background-color:navajowhite;; color:navajowhite;;">    </span>  <a href="/wiki/Abugida" title="Abugida">Abugida</a> </span><br /> <span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:none; background-color:lightblue;; color:lightblue;;">    </span>  <a href="/wiki/Alfabet" title="Alfabet">Alfabet</a> </span><br /> <span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:none; background-color:pink;; color:pink;;">    </span>  <a href="/wiki/Lettergreepskrif" title="Lettergreepskrif">Lettergreepskrif</a> </span><br /> <span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:none; background-color:mistyrose;; color:mistyrose;;">    </span>  <a href="/wiki/Logogram" title="Logogram">Logografies</a> </span><br /> <span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:none; background-color:gainsboro;; color:gainsboro;;">    </span>  <a href="/wiki/Kenmerk-alfabet" title="Kenmerk-alfabet">Kenmerk-alfabet</a> </span><br /> <span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:none; background-color:turquoise;; color:turquoise;;">    </span>  <a href="/wiki/Snelskrif" title="Snelskrif">Snelskrif</a></span><br /> <span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:none; background-color:khaki;; color:khaki;;">    </span>  Alternatief</span> </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div style="font-size:smaller;">’n <b>Skryfstelsel</b> is ’n <a href="/wiki/Simbool" title="Simbool">simboliese stelsel</a> wat gebruik word om elemente weer te gee wat in ’n <a href="/wiki/Taal" title="Taal">taal</a> uitgedruk kan word. Gevestigde skryfstelsels het gewoonlik stadiger verander as die gesproke taal en daarom bevat hulle dikwels elemente en eienskappe wat nie meer in die gesproke taal voorkom nie. <p>Hul groot voordeel is dat hulle die mens in staat stel om ’n volgehoue rekord van inligting in ’n taal te verskaf en dat dié inligting later deur ander gelees kan word. </p><p>Die eerste skryfstelsels is min of meer aan die begin van die <a href="/wiki/Bronstydperk" title="Bronstydperk">Bronstydperk</a> ontwikkel, in die 4de millennium v.C. Die <a href="/wiki/Wigskrif" title="Wigskrif">Mesopotamiese wigskrif</a> en die <a href="/wiki/Egiptiese_hi%C3%ABrogliewe" title="Egiptiese hiërogliewe">Egiptiese hiërogliewe</a> word algemeen beskou as die eerste skryfstelsels. Die eerste ware alfabet is die <a href="/wiki/Griekse_alfabet" title="Griekse alfabet">Griekse skrif</a> wat sedert 800 v.C. ook <a href="/wiki/Klinker" title="Klinker">klinkers</a> bevat. Die <a href="/wiki/Latynse_alfabet" title="Latynse alfabet">Latynse alfabet</a>, wat direk hieruit ontstaan het, is verreweg die mees algemene skryfstelsel in die wêreld. </p> </div> <div style="float:left;margin-left:10px;margin-bottom:4px;"><i><a href="/wiki/Skryfstelsel" title="Skryfstelsel">Lees verder . . .</a></i></div> <div style="float:right;margin-right:10px;margin-bottom:4px;"><small class="editlink noprint plainlinksneverexpand"><a class="external text" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portaal:Skryfstelsels/Inleiding&action=edit">wysig</a></small></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="text-align:right; margin:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; padding:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;"><b></b></div><div style="clear:both;"></div> <div style="float:left; width:60%;"> <div style="clear: both; border: solid #C3B091; border-width: 1px 1px 0; background: #C3B091; color: Black; padding: .1em;padding-top: .1em;padding-left: .1em;padding-right: .1em;padding-bottom: .1em;text-align: center;font-family: arial;font-size:100%;margin-bottom: 0px;"><div class="plainlinks" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;font-size:80%; color: Black"><a class="external text" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portaal:Skryfstelsels/Sterartikel&action=edit"><span style="color: Black">wysig</span></a>   </div><h2 id="Sterartikel" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:bold; border: none; margin: 0; padding:0; padding-bottom:.1em; color:Black;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Cscr-featured.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/16px-Cscr-featured.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/24px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/32px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="443" /></a></span> Sterartikel</h2> </div> <div style="border: 1px solid #C3B091; border-top-width: 1px; vertical-align: top;background: #FEFEFA;opacity: 1; color: black; text-align: left; margin: 0 0 10px; padding: 1em;padding-top: .3em;"> <div class="thumb tright" style="border:1px solid silver;"><div style="padding: 3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:NAMA_Alphabet_grec.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Skryfstelsels"><img alt="Skryfstelsels" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/NAMA_Alphabet_grec.jpg/250px-NAMA_Alphabet_grec.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/NAMA_Alphabet_grec.jpg/375px-NAMA_Alphabet_grec.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/NAMA_Alphabet_grec.jpg/500px-NAMA_Alphabet_grec.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1398" /></a></span></div></div> <p>Verskeie teorieë bestaan oor die <b>geskiedenis van die alfabet</b>, hoewel die presiese oorsprong daarvan onbekend is. Een van die gewildstes, die Proto-Sinaïtiese teorie, is dat die geskiedenis in <a href="/wiki/Antieke_Egipte" title="Antieke Egipte">Antieke Egipte</a> begin het, meer as ’n millennium nadat mense begin skryf het. Volgens dié teorie is die alfabet ontwikkel vir die taal van <a href="/wiki/Semitiese_taalfamilie" title="Semitiese taalfamilie">Semitiese</a> werkers op die <a href="/wiki/Sinai" title="Sinai">Sinai-skiereiland</a> en is dit beïnvloed deur die alfabetiese beginsels van die Egiptiese heilige skrif, ’n latere ontwikkeling van die <a href="/wiki/Egiptiese_hi%C3%ABrogliewe" title="Egiptiese hiërogliewe">Egiptiese hiërogliewe</a>. As dit reg is, stam feitlik alle hedendaagse alfabette in die wêreld direk van hierdie alfabet, <a href="/wiki/Proto-Sina%C3%AFtiese_skrif" title="Proto-Sinaïtiese skrif">Proto-Sinaïties</a>, af of is dit geïnspireer deur die ontwerp daarvan. </p> <dl><dd><i><a href="/wiki/Geskiedenis_van_die_alfabet" title="Geskiedenis van die alfabet">Meer oor die geskiedenis van die alfabet . . .</a></i></dd></dl> <p><br /> <i>Foto: Griekse alfabet op ’n antieke pot.</i> </p> <div class="noprint" style="text-align:right; margin:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; padding:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;"><b></b></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> </div> <div style="float:left; width:1%;"> </div> <div style="float:right; width:39%;"> <div style="clear: both; border: solid #C3B091; border-width: 1px 1px 0; background: #C3B091; color: Black; padding: .1em;padding-top: .1em;padding-left: .1em;padding-right: .1em;padding-bottom: .1em;text-align: center;font-family: arial;font-size:100%;margin-bottom: 0px;"><div class="plainlinks" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;font-size:80%; color: Black"><a class="external text" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portaal:Skryfstelsels/Stelsels&action=edit"><span style="color: Black">wysig</span></a>   </div><h2 id="Skryfstelsels_deur_die_eeue" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:bold; border: none; margin: 0; padding:0; padding-bottom:.1em; color:Black;">Skryfstelsels deur die eeue</h2> </div> <div style="border: 1px solid #C3B091; border-top-width: 1px; vertical-align: top;background: #FEFEFA;opacity: 1; color: black; text-align: left; margin: 0 0 10px; padding: 1em;padding-top: .3em;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Proto-Sina%C3%AFtiese_alfabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Sinaïtiese alfabet">Proto-Sinaïtiese alfabet</a> 19e eeu v.C. </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Oegaritiese_alfabet" title="Oegaritiese alfabet">Oegarities</a></i> 15e eeu v.C.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Proto-Kana%C3%A4nitiese_alfabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Kanaänitiese alfabet">Proto-Kanaänities</a></i> 14e eeu v.C. <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Fenisiese_alfabet" title="Fenisiese alfabet">Fenisies</a></i> 12e eeu v.C. <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Oud-Hebreeuse_alfabet" title="Oud-Hebreeuse alfabet">Oud-Hebreeus</a></i> 10e eeu v.C. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samaritaanse_alfabet" title="Samaritaanse alfabet">Samaritaans</a> 6e eeu v.C.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aramese_alfabet" title="Aramese alfabet">Aramees</a> 8e eeu v.C. <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kharosthi" title="Kharosthi">Kharosthi</a></i> 6e eeu v.C.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahmi-skrif" title="Brahmi-skrif">Brahmi</a></i> 6e eeu v.C. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indiese_skriffamilie" title="Indiese skriffamilie">Indiese skriffamilie</a> <ul><li>bv. <a href="/wiki/Devanagari-skrif" class="mw-redirect" title="Devanagari-skrif">Devanagari</a> <a href="/wiki/13de_eeu" title="13de eeu">13e eeu</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebreeuse_alfabet" title="Hebreeuse alfabet">Hebreeus</a> 3e eeu v.C.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tana-alfabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Tana-alfabet">Tana</a> 4e eeu v.C.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahlewi-skrif" title="Pahlewi-skrif">Pahlewi</a> 3e eeu v.C. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avestiese_alfabet" title="Avestiese alfabet">Avesties</a> <a href="/wiki/4de_eeu" title="4de eeu">4e eeu</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Palmyreens" title="Palmyreens">Palmyreens</a></i> 2e eeu v.C.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siriese_alfabet" title="Siriese alfabet">Siries</a> 2e eeu v.C. <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sogdiese_alfabet" title="Sogdiese alfabet">Sogdies</a></i> 2e eeu v.C. <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Oud-Turkse_skrif" title="Oud-Turkse skrif">Oud-Turks</a></i> <a href="/wiki/6de_eeu" title="6de eeu">6e eeu</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Oud-Hongaarse_skrif" title="Oud-Hongaarse skrif">Oud-Hongaars</a></i> ca. <a href="/wiki/650" title="650">650</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oud-Oeigoerse_alfabet" title="Oud-Oeigoerse alfabet">Oud-Oeigoers</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mongoolse_skrif" title="Mongoolse skrif">Mongools</a> ca. <a href="/wiki/1204" title="1204">1204</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nabatese_alfabet" title="Nabatese alfabet">Nabatees</a></i> 2e eeu v.C. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabiese_alfabet" title="Arabiese alfabet">Arabies</a> <a href="/wiki/4de_eeu" title="4de eeu">4e eeu</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandese_alfabet" title="Mandese alfabet">Mandees</a> <a href="/wiki/2de_eeu" title="2de eeu">2e eeu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griekse_alfabet" title="Griekse alfabet">Grieks</a> 8e eeu v.C. <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Oud-Italiese_alfabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Oud-Italiese alfabet">Oud-Italies</a></i> 8e eeu v.C. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latynse_alfabet" title="Latynse alfabet">Latyns</a> 7e eeu v.C.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rune-alfabet" title="Rune-alfabet">Runes</a></i> <a href="/wiki/2de_eeu" title="2de eeu">2e eeu</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ogham" title="Ogham">Ogham</a></i> <a href="/wiki/4de_eeu" title="4de eeu">4e eeu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koptiese_alfabet" title="Koptiese alfabet">Kopties</a> <a href="/wiki/3de_eeu" title="3de eeu">3e eeu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotiese_alfabet" title="Gotiese alfabet">Goties</a> <a href="/wiki/3de_eeu" title="3de eeu">3e eeu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armeense_alfabet" title="Armeense alfabet">Armeens</a> <a href="/wiki/405" title="405">405</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgiese_alfabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgiese alfabet">Georgies</a> ca. <a href="/wiki/430" title="430">430</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Glagolitiese_alfabet" title="Glagolitiese alfabet">Glagolities</a></i> <a href="/wiki/862" title="862">862</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrilliese_alfabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrilliese alfabet">Cyrillies</a> ca. <a href="/wiki/940" title="940">940</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oud-Permiese_alfabet" title="Oud-Permiese alfabet">Oud-Permies</a> <a href="/wiki/1372" title="1372">1372</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oud-Spaanse_skrifte" title="Oud-Spaanse skrifte">Oud-Spaans</a></i> 7e eeu v.C.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suid-Arabiese_alfabet" title="Suid-Arabiese alfabet">Suid-Arabies</a> 9e eeu v.C. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ge%27ez-alfabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Ge'ez-alfabet">Ge’ez</a> 5e–6e eeu v.C.</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Mero%C3%AFtiese_skrif" class="mw-redirect" title="Meroïtiese skrif">Meroïties</a></i> (van <a href="/wiki/Egiptiese_hi%C3%ABrogliewe" title="Egiptiese hiërogliewe">Egiptiese hiërogliewe</a>) 3e eeu v.C.<br /> </p> <div class="noprint" style="text-align:right; margin:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; padding:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;"><b></b></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> </div> <div style="float:left; width:60%;"> <div style="clear: both; border: solid #C3B091; border-width: 1px 1px 0; background: #C3B091; color: Black; padding: .1em;padding-top: .1em;padding-left: .1em;padding-right: .1em;padding-bottom: .1em;text-align: center;font-family: arial;font-size:100%;margin-bottom: 0px;"><div class="plainlinks" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;font-size:80%; color: Black"><a class="external text" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portaal:Skryfstelsels/Cyrillies&action=edit"><span style="color: Black">wysig</span></a>   </div><h2 id="Cyrilliese_letters" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:bold; border: none; margin: 0; padding:0; padding-bottom:.1em; color:Black;">Cyrilliese letters</h2> </div> <div style="border: 1px solid #C3B091; border-top-width: 1px; vertical-align: top;background: #FEFEFA;opacity: 1; color: black; text-align: left; margin: 0 0 10px; padding: 1em;padding-top: .3em;"> <p>Die <a href="/wiki/Cyrilliese_alfabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrilliese alfabet">Cyrilliese alfabet</a> is nie net een stel letters soos die <a href="/wiki/Latynse_alfabet" title="Latynse alfabet">Latynse alfabet</a> nie, maar elke taal pas dit aan by sy eie klanke. So kom sekere letters in een taal voor, maar nie in ’n ander nie. Hier volg ’n lys Cyrilliese letters (die letters tussen hakies is ou letters wat nie meer gebruik word nie): </p><p><a href="/wiki/%D0%90_(Cyrillies)" title="А (Cyrillies)">А</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%91" title="Б">Б</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%92_(Cyrillies)" title="В (Cyrillies)">В</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%93" title="Г">Г</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D2%90" title="Ґ">Ґ</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%94" title="Д">Д</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%82" title="Ђ">Ђ</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%83" title="Ѓ">Ѓ</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%95_(Cyrillies)" title="Е (Cyrillies)">Е</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%81_(Cyrillies)" title="Ё (Cyrillies)">Ё</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%84" title="Є">Є</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%96" title="Ж">Ж</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%97" title="З">З</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%85_(Cyrillies)" title="Ѕ (Cyrillies)">Ѕ</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%98" title="И">И</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%86_(Cyrillies)" title="І (Cyrillies)">І</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%87_(Cyrillies)" title="Ї (Cyrillies)">Ї</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%99" title="Й">Й</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%88_(Cyrillies)" title="Ј (Cyrillies)">Ј</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A_(Cyrillies)" title="К (Cyrillies)">К</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B" title="Л">Л</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%89" title="Љ">Љ</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C_(Cyrillies)" title="М (Cyrillies)">М</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D_(Cyrillies)" title="Н (Cyrillies)">Н</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%8A" title="Њ">Њ</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E_(Cyrillies)" title="О (Cyrillies)">О</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F_(Cyrillies)" title="П (Cyrillies)">П</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0_(Cyrillies)" title="Р (Cyrillies)">Р</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1_(Cyrillies)" title="С (Cyrillies)">С</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2_(Cyrillies)" title="Т (Cyrillies)">Т</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%8B" title="Ћ">Ћ</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%8C" title="Ќ">Ќ</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3_(Cyrillies)" title="У (Cyrillies)">У</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%8E" title="Ў">Ў</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4_(Cyrillies)" title="Ф (Cyrillies)">Ф</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5_(Cyrillies)" title="Х (Cyrillies)">Х</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6" title="Ц">Ц</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7" title="Ч">Ч</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%8F" title="Џ">Џ</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A8" title="Ш">Ш</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A9" title="Щ">Щ</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ">Ъ</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%AB" title="Ы">Ы</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%AC_(Cyrillies)" title="Ь (Cyrillies)">Ь</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD" title="Э">Э</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%AE" title="Ю">Ю</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%AF" title="Я">Я</a> • (<a href="/wiki/Koppa_(Cyrillies)" title="Koppa (Cyrillies)">Ҁ</a> • <a href="/wiki/Oek_(Cyrillies)" title="Oek (Cyrillies)">Ѹ</a> • <a href="/wiki/Omega_(Cyrillies)" title="Omega (Cyrillies)">Ѡ</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ot_(Cyrillies)" title="Ot (Cyrillies)">Ѿ</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jat_(Cyrillies)" title="Jat (Cyrillies)">Ѣ</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D1%A4" title="Ѥ">Ѥ</a> • <a href="/wiki/Joes_(Cyrillies)" title="Joes (Cyrillies)">Ѧ, Ѫ, Ѩ, Ѭ</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ksi_(Cyrillies)" title="Ksi (Cyrillies)">Ѯ </a> • <a href="/wiki/Psi_(Cyrillies)" title="Psi (Cyrillies)">Ѱ</a> • <a href="/wiki/Izjitsa" title="Izjitsa">Ѵ, Ѷ</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fita" title="Fita">Ѳ</a>) </p> <div class="noprint" style="text-align:right; margin:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; padding:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;"><b></b></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> <div style="float:left; width:1%;"> </div> </div> <div style="float:left; width:60%;"> <div style="clear: both; border: solid #C3B091; border-width: 1px 1px 0; background: #C3B091; color: Black; padding: .1em;padding-top: .1em;padding-left: .1em;padding-right: .1em;padding-bottom: .1em;text-align: center;font-family: arial;font-size:100%;margin-bottom: 0px;"><div class="plainlinks" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;font-size:80%; color: Black"><a class="external text" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portaal:Skryfstelsels/Weet&action=edit"><span style="color: Black">wysig</span></a>   </div><h2 id="Allerlei" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:bold; border: none; margin: 0; padding:0; padding-bottom:.1em; color:Black;">Allerlei</h2> </div> <div style="border: 1px solid #C3B091; border-top-width: 1px; vertical-align: top;background: #FEFEFA;opacity: 1; color: black; text-align: left; margin: 0 0 10px; padding: 1em;padding-top: .3em;"> <div class="thumb tright" style="border:1px solid silver;"><div style="padding: 3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Boucicaut-Meister.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Skryfstelsels"><img alt="Skryfstelsels" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Boucicaut-Meister.jpg/250px-Boucicaut-Meister.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="326" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Boucicaut-Meister.jpg/375px-Boucicaut-Meister.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Boucicaut-Meister.jpg/500px-Boucicaut-Meister.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1011" data-file-height="1320" /></a></span></div></div> <dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Getyboek" title="Getyboek">Getyboeke</a></b></dt></dl> <p>Dit is ’n <a href="/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom">Christelike</a> gebedeboek wat gewild was in die <a href="/wiki/Middeleeue" title="Middeleeue">Middeleeue</a>. Elke boek met sy sierskrif is uniek in die een of ander opsig, maar die meeste bevat soortgelyke tekste, liturgiese gebede (getye) en psalms. In baie boeke is min sierskrif gebruik, net aan die begin van psalms en gebede, maar dié wat vir die rykes gemaak is, was besonder ryklik versier, met volblad-miniatuurskilderye. (<i>Foto: ’n Getyboek uit omstreeks 1410, Parys.</i>) </p> <dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Ogham" title="Ogham">Ogham</a></b></dt></dl> <p>Dit is ’n alfabet uit die vroeë <a href="/wiki/Middeleeue" title="Middeleeue">Middeleeue</a> wat hoofsaaklik gebruik is om Oud-Iers te skryf. Dit word ook soms die "Keltiese boomalfabet" genoem omdat simbole na bome genoem is. </p> <dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Tana-skrif" title="Tana-skrif">Tana of Thaana</a></b></dt></dl> <p>Dit is die moderne skryfstelsel wat gebruik word vir Divehi, die amptelike taal van die <a href="/wiki/Maledive" title="Maledive">Maledive</a>. Tana het eienskappe van beide ’n <a href="/wiki/Abugida" title="Abugida">abugida</a> (’n soort lettrgreepskrif) en ’n <a href="/wiki/Alfabet" title="Alfabet">alfabet</a> (alle <a href="/wiki/Klinker" title="Klinker">klinkers</a> word geskryf). Die <a href="/wiki/Konsonant" title="Konsonant">konsonante</a> is afgelei van Arabiese syfers en die klinkers van leestekens wat Arabiese klinkers aandui. Die <a href="/wiki/Ortografie" title="Ortografie">ortografie</a> daarvan is hoofsaaklik <a href="/wiki/Foneem" title="Foneem">fonemies</a>. </p> <dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a></b></dt></dl> <p>Dit is ’n internasionale standaard vir die kodering van binêre kodes na grafiese tekens en simbole, vergelykbaar met die ASCII-standaard. Die standaard word onderhoud deur die Unicode-konsortium. </p> <div class="noprint" style="text-align:right; margin:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; padding:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;"><b></b></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> </div> <div style="float:right; width:39%;"> <div style="clear: both; border: solid #C3B091; border-width: 1px 1px 0; background: #C3B091; color: Black; padding: .1em;padding-top: .1em;padding-left: .1em;padding-right: .1em;padding-bottom: .1em;text-align: center;font-family: arial;font-size:100%;margin-bottom: 0px;"><div class="plainlinks" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;font-size:80%; color: Black"><a class="external text" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portaal:Skryfstelsels/Cartouche&action=edit"><span style="color: Black">wysig</span></a>   </div><h2 id="Die_Egiptiese_cartouche" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:bold; border: none; margin: 0; padding:0; padding-bottom:.1em; color:Black;">Die Egiptiese cartouche</h2> </div> <div style="border: 1px solid #C3B091; border-top-width: 1px; vertical-align: top;background: #FEFEFA;opacity: 1; color: black; text-align: left; margin: 0 0 10px; padding: 1em;padding-top: .3em;"> <div class="thumb tright" style="border:1px solid silver;"><div style="padding: 3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Egyptian_-_Ring_with_Scarab_-_Walters_542208_-_Impression_Detail.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Skryfstelsels"><img alt="Skryfstelsels" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Egyptian_-_Ring_with_Scarab_-_Walters_542208_-_Impression_Detail.jpg/60px-Egyptian_-_Ring_with_Scarab_-_Walters_542208_-_Impression_Detail.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Egyptian_-_Ring_with_Scarab_-_Walters_542208_-_Impression_Detail.jpg/90px-Egyptian_-_Ring_with_Scarab_-_Walters_542208_-_Impression_Detail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Egyptian_-_Ring_with_Scarab_-_Walters_542208_-_Impression_Detail.jpg/120px-Egyptian_-_Ring_with_Scarab_-_Walters_542208_-_Impression_Detail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="529" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div></div> <p>’n <b><a href="/wiki/Cartouche" title="Cartouche">Cartouche</a></b> in <a href="/wiki/Egiptiese_hi%C3%ABrogliewe" title="Egiptiese hiërogliewe">Egiptiese hiërogliewe</a> is ’n ovaal met ’n streep aan die einde wat aandui dat die teks daarbinne die naam van ’n <a href="/wiki/Farao" title="Farao">farao</a> is. Dit is soms ook vir die naam van gode gebruik. Hoewel die cartouche gewoonlik vertikaal met ’n horisontale eindstreep is, is dit soms horisontaal met ’n vertikale eindstreep. In populêre skrif, ’n vereenvoudigde vorm van die hiërogliewe wat later ontstaan het, is die cartouche gereduseer tot twee hakies en ’n vertikale lyn. </p><p>Die farao se troon- en persoonlike naam is gewoonlik binne die cartouche geskryf. Die doel daarvan was om hom te beskerm teen bose geeste, in die lewe en die dood. </p> <dl><dd><i>Foto: Die naam van <a href="/wiki/Toetmoses_III" title="Toetmoses III">Toetmoses III</a> in ’n cartouche.</i></dd></dl> <div class="noprint" style="text-align:right; margin:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; padding:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;"><b></b></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> </div> <div style="clear: both; border: solid #C3B091; border-width: 1px 1px 0; background: #C3B091; color: Black; padding: .1em;padding-top: .1em;padding-left: .1em;padding-right: .1em;padding-bottom: .1em;text-align: center;font-family: arial;font-size:100%;margin-bottom: 0px;"><div class="plainlinks" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;font-size:80%; color: Black"><a class="external text" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portaal:Skryfstelsels/Kalligrafie&action=edit"><span style="color: Black">wysig</span></a>   </div><h2 id="Die_kuns_van_sierskrif" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:bold; border: none; margin: 0; padding:0; padding-bottom:.1em; color:Black;">Die kuns van sierskrif</h2> </div> <div style="border: 1px solid #C3B091; border-top-width: 1px; vertical-align: top;background: #FEFEFA;opacity: 1; color: black; text-align: left; margin: 0 0 10px; padding: 1em;padding-top: .3em;"> <div class="thumb tright" style="border:1px solid silver;"><div style="padding: 3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Westerncalligraphy.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Skryfstelsels"><img alt="Skryfstelsels" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Westerncalligraphy.jpg/250px-Westerncalligraphy.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Westerncalligraphy.jpg/375px-Westerncalligraphy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Westerncalligraphy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="166" /></a></span></div></div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Kalligrafie" title="Kalligrafie">Kalligrafie</a></b> (van <a href="/wiki/Grieks" title="Grieks">Grieks</a> κάλλος, <i>kallos</i>, "skoonheid" + γραφή, <i>graphe</i>, "skrif") is die kuns van skoonskrif, met ander woorde die ontwerp en skryf van sierletters met ’n breëpuntinstrument of kwas. Kalligrafie strek van funksionele inskripsies met die hand tot sierskrif waar die letters soms moeilik leesbaar is. </p><p>In die <a href="/wiki/Middeleeue" title="Middeleeue">Middeleeue</a> het godsdienstige geskrifte sekere eienskappe gehad, soos dat ’n hoofstuk of boek met ’n besonderse sierskrifletter begin is. Westerse kalligrafie het, nes Sjinese of Arabiese skoonskrif, streng reëls en vorme. Elke letter se lyne is (en word soms steeds) in ’n spesifieke volgorde getrek. </p> <div class="noprint" style="text-align:right; margin:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; padding:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;"><b></b></div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div> <div style="float:left; width:1%;"> </div> <div style="float:left; width:60%;"> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ontsluit van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portaal:Skryfstelsels&oldid=2571092">https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portaal:Skryfstelsels&oldid=2571092</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Kategorie%C3%AB" title="Spesiaal:Kategorieë">Kategorieë</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Skryfstelsels" title="Kategorie:Skryfstelsels">Skryfstelsels</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Wikipedia:Portale" title="Kategorie:Wikipedia:Portale">Wikipedia:Portale</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Die bladsy is laas op 19 April 2023 om 17:31 bygewerk.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Die teks is beskikbaar onder die lisensie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Erkenning-Insgelyks Deel</a>. 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