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e=this;this.menuToggler.addEventListener("click",function(){e.toggleMegamenu(),(0,a.sendAnalyticsEvent)("header-megamenu-click")}),this.menuToggler.setAttribute("style","display: inline"),this.cookiePreferences&&(window.yleConsentSdk&&window.yleConsentSdk.initialized&&0!==window.yleConsentSdk.version?this.cookiePreferences.addEventListener("click",function(e){e.preventDefault(),u(),window.yleConsentSdk.show()}):(console.info("Header: not showing cookie preferences link as yleConsentSdk is not present, not initialized or is version 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e=document.querySelector(r.Selectors.megamenu.navigation),t=e.classList;t.contains("open")&&(document.querySelector(r.Selectors.megamenu.toggler).classList.remove("open"),e.setAttribute("aria-expanded","false"),t.remove("open"),document.removeEventListener("keyup",o))}n.Megamenu=e},{2:2,4:4,6:6}],8:[function(e,n,t){"use strict";Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0}),t.Search=void 0;var r=e(4),a=e(3),s=e(2),o=e(6),u=e(7);function l(e,t){for(var n=0;n<t.length;n++){var i=t[n];i.enumerable=i.enumerable||!1,i.configurable=!0,"value"in i&&(i.writable=!0),Object.defineProperty(e,i.key,i)}}e=function(){function e(){if(!(this instanceof e))throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function")}var t,n,i;return t=e,(n=[{key:"init",value:function(){var t,e=0<arguments.length&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:"fi",n=1<arguments.length?arguments[1]:void 0;this.searchForm=document.querySelector(r.Selectors.search.form),this.input=document.querySelector(r.Selectors.autocomplete.input),this.searchSubmit=document.querySelector(r.Selectors.search.submit),this.addSearchSubmitListeners(),void 0===n?this.autocomplete((e=e,t=new a.Autocomplete(e),{setCursorObserver:function(e){return t.setCursorObserver(e)},eventListeners:{keyup:function(e){return t.onInputChange(e)},keydown:function(e){return t.onKeyEvent(e)},focus:function(e){return t.onFocus(e)},blur:function(e){return t.onBlur(e)}}})):"off"!==n&&this.autocomplete(n)}},{key:"addSearchSubmitListeners",value:function(){var t=this;this.searchSubmit.addEventListener("mousedown",function(e){t.input.value||(e.preventDefault(),t.input.focus())}),this.searchSubmit.addEventListener("touchend",function(){""!==t.input.value&&t.searchForm.submit()}),this.searchForm.addEventListener("submit",function(e){t.input.value||e.preventDefault()})}},{key:"autocomplete",value:function(e){this.searchContainer=document.querySelector(r.Selectors.search.container),this.addSearchInputFocusListeners(),this.addInputEventListeners(e.eventListeners),this.addCloseSearchListeners(e.resultsContainerSelector)}},{key:"addInputEventListeners",value:function(t){var n=this;Object.keys(t).forEach(function(e){n.input.addEventListener(e,t[e])})}},{key:"changeInput",value:function(e){this.input.value=e}},{key:"addSearchInputFocusListeners",value:function(){this.input.addEventListener("focus",u.closeMegamenu),this.input.addEventListener("focus",function(){return(0,s.sendAnalyticsEvent)("header-searchfield-click")})}},{key:"addCloseSearchListeners",value:function(t){var n=this;document.querySelector("body").addEventListener("keyup",function(e){(0,o.isKey)(e,o.Keys.Escape)&&n.closeSearch()}),window.addEventListener("touchstart",function(e){!function(e,t,n){t=c(e,t);if(n)return c(e,document.querySelector(n))&&t;return t}(e,n.searchContainer,t)||n.closeSearch()})}},{key:"closeSearch",value:function(){this.input.value="",this.input.blur()}}])&&l(t.prototype,n),i&&l(t,i),Object.defineProperty(t,"prototype",{writable:!1}),e}();function c(e,t){return!t.contains(e.target)}t.Search=e},{2:2,3:3,4:4,6:6,7:7}],9:[function(e,c,t){"use 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u(e,t){document.querySelector(e).style.display=t}function l(e){document.querySelector(e).classList.add("yle-header-action-ready")}},{2:2,7:7}],10:[function(e,t,n){"use strict";Object.defineProperty(n,"__esModule",{value:!0}),n.callFn=function(e){if("function"==typeof e){for(var t=arguments.length,n=new Array(1<t?t-1:0),i=1;i<t;i++)n[i-1]=arguments[i];e.apply(void 0,n)}},n.groupBy=function(e,i){return e.reduce(function(e,t){var n=i(t);return e[n]||(e[n]=[]),e[n].push(t),e},{})},n.mapValues=function(n,i){return Object.keys(n).reduce(function(e,t){return e[t]=i(n[t]),e},{})},n.throttle=function(i){var r,a,s=this,o=1<arguments.length&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:250;return function(){for(var e=arguments.length,t=new Array(e),n=0;n<e;n++)t[n]=arguments[n];a=t,r=r||setTimeout(function(){i.apply(s,a),r=void 0},o)}},n.toArray=function(e){for(var t=[],n=0;n<e.length;n+=1)t[n]=e[n];return t}},{}]},{},[5]);</script></div> <div id="app" class="yle__app"><div 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iBzsCm"><main class="ArticlePage__ArticlePageMainColumn-sc-1sk1ppm-0 jroyPd"><div class="GridSystem__GridCell-sc-iw3oi9-0 ArticlePage__ArticleGridCell-sc-1sk1ppm-1 kRwDDt bdIzLU"><article class="yle__article" itemtype="http://schema.org/Article" itemscope="" data-vrsproduct="uutiset"><header class="yle__article__header"><div type="opinion" class="sc-kGhOqx jHSOds"><div class="sc-dwVMhp jWviyg"><div type="opinion" class="sc-kIZKsT ezFngn"><span class="sc-chKnlQ hciJgS">Mielipide</span></div><a href="/web/20220926052159/https://yle.fi/uutiset/18-208832" class="sc-gYMRRK hVRgSe">Normaalius</a></div><h1 class="sc-efBctP dbHLqc yle__article__heading yle__article__heading--1">Asta Lepän kolumni: On syy siihen, miksi mielenterveyden julkiset palvelut ovat kriisissä</h1><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-hKdnnL egSoXj jxuvtq yle__article__paragraph">Mielenterveyden julkinen palvelujärjestelmä on syvässä kriisissä, hoitojonot ovat järjettömät ja ihmisiä makaa jo osastojen käytävillä. Mistä tämä johtuu, kysyy Leppä.</p></div><figure class="sc-ezWOiH IpXnH yle__article__figure" itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Photograph"><div itemprop="image" class="sc-bZkfAO frOnGA"><button class="sc-caXVBt ktiRu"><picture><source data-testid="source-for-default" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20220926052159im_/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/w_1200,h_800,ar_1.5,dpr_2,c_fill/q_auto:eco,f_auto,fl_lossy/39-90971761fa878542674 2x, https://web.archive.org/web/20220926052159im_/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/w_1200,h_800,ar_1.5,dpr_1,c_fill/q_auto:eco,f_auto,fl_lossy/39-90971761fa878542674 1x"/><img alt="Tietokirjailija Asta Leppä katsoo kameraan" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20220926052159im_/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/c_crop,x_0,y_143,w_4917,h_2765/w_1200,h_675,ar_1.7777777777777777,dpr_1,c_fill/q_auto:eco,f_auto,fl_lossy/39-90971761fa878542674" class="sc-llJcti hkAQYM"/></picture></button></div></figure><div itemscope="" 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11H8Z"></path></svg><span aria-hidden="true" class="sc-jTYCaT cxapH">Kopioi linkki</span></div></a></li></ul></nav></div></div></header><section class="yle__article__content"><aside class="sc-hHLeRK vKumd yle__article__aside" aria-label="Faktalaatikko"><div class="sc-dmRaPn cIgfqI"><h4 class="sc-dPyBCJ gsMpzC yle__article__heading yle__article__heading--4">Kolumni</h4><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">Kolumneja kirjoittaa laaja joukko Ylen ulkopuolisia tekijöitä.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph"><a class="sc-ikZpkk RgdM yle__article__link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220926052159/http://yle.fi/uutiset/18-166542">> Kaikki kolumnit löydät täältä</a><br/> <a class="sc-ikZpkk RgdM yle__article__link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220926052159/https://areena.yle.fi/audio/1-61222404">> Kuuntele kolumneja Yle Areenassa</a></p></div></aside><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph"><strong class="sc-himrzO irgfOK yle__article__strong">Melkein</strong> <strong class="sc-himrzO irgfOK yle__article__strong">jokainen meistä</strong> masentuu, ahdistuu, uupuu tai jopa traumatisoituu. On arvioitu, että <a class="sc-ikZpkk RgdM yle__article__link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220926052159/https://areena.yle.fi/podcastit/1-63394743">60-85 prosenttia</a> ihmisistä kokee elämänsä aikana jonkinasteisen mielenterveyden häiriön.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">Se on aikamoinen määrä.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">Mutta jos häiriöitä on näin monella, miksi niitä pidetään yhä häpeällisinä tai ainakin poikkeavina?</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">Eikö tällainen suhtautumistapa pikemminkin lisää ihmisen psyykkistä kuormaa kuin helpota sitä?</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph"><strong class="sc-himrzO irgfOK yle__article__strong">Tällaisten lukujen valossa</strong> ei ole ihme, miksi julkisen hoitojärjestelmän tilanne on mikä on. Esimerkiksi joillakin nuorten psykiatrisilla poliklinikoilla on jouduttu ottamaan <a class="sc-ikZpkk RgdM yle__article__link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220926052159/https://www.hs.fi/kotimaa/art-2000007923580.html">lattiat ja käytävät käyttöön<span class="sc-jIZahH grtgee"> (siirryt toiseen palveluun)</span></a>, koska potilashuoneet ovat olleet niin täynnä.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph"><a class="sc-ikZpkk RgdM yle__article__link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220926052159/https://www.tela.fi/2022/02/17/mielenterveys-haastaa-suomalaisten-tyokykya/">Työkyvyttömyysjaksot mielenterveyssyistä<span class="sc-jIZahH grtgee"> (siirryt toiseen palveluun)</span></a> ovat kääntyneet taas uuteen nousuun. Niin ikään <a class="sc-ikZpkk RgdM yle__article__link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220926052159/https://www.helsinki.fi/fi/uutiset/terveempi-maailma/miksi-psykoterapiaan-niin-vaikea-paasta">terapeuteista on huutava pula<span class="sc-jIZahH grtgee"> (siirryt toiseen palveluun)</span></a> ja jonot venyvät venymistään.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">Mielenterveyden professori <strong class="sc-himrzO irgfOK yle__article__strong">Anna Keski-Rahkonen</strong> huomauttaa <a class="sc-ikZpkk RgdM yle__article__link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220926052159/https://areena.yle.fi/podcastit/1-63394743">podcastissani Surujen Suomi</a>, että julkisen puolen mielenterveyspalvelut perustuvat yhä vanhaan järjestelmään, joka hoiti vain pientä, vakavia mielenhäiriöitä sairastavien potilasryhmää. Mutta ajat ovat muuttuneet.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">Ennen muuta muuttuneet ovat normaaliuden ja terveyden käsitteet. Ihmiset myös ajattelevat aivan toisella tavalla itsestään ja muista kuin aikoinaan – mikä puolestaan johtuu psykologian ja psykiatrian ennennäkemättömästä voittokulusta viimeisten runsaan sadan vuoden aikana.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">Ennen ihmiset eivät puhuneet itsestään ja toisistaan käyttäen vaikkapa sellaisia termejä kuten alitajunta, itsetunto tai äitisuhde.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">Tämä on tavallaan hyväkin asia, sillä arkinen puhe auttaa stigman vähentämisessä.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph"><strong class="sc-himrzO irgfOK yle__article__strong">Vuosien myötä psykiatrian ja psykologian rooli</strong> on kasvanut kasvamistaanja muuttanut ihmisten ajattelua mielenterveydestä. Yhdessä nuo tieteet ovat antaneet käsitteet ahdistaville, epämääräisille oireille, emansipoineet ja auttaneet miljoonia parempaan elämään.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">Ihmiset ovat saaneet diagnooseja, jotka ovat olleet valtava helpotus, mutta myös diagnooseja, joita eivät ole niin halunneet.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">Psykologia on määrittänyt yhä pikkupiirteisemmin sen, millaiset tunteet ja olotilat ovat “normaaleja”.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">Lääketieteellisen hoidon rinnalle syntyikin liiketoimintaa, josta kehkeytyi <a class="sc-ikZpkk RgdM yle__article__link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220926052159/https://brainblogger.com/2014/05/23/the-self-help-industry-helps-itself-to-billions-of-dollars/">miljardiluokan bisnes<span class="sc-jIZahH grtgee"> (siirryt toiseen palveluun)</span></a> – osin siksi, ettei virallista apua riittänyt kaikille, osin siksi, että oireita hävettiin ja peiteltiin. Kuitenkin juuri tästä suunnasta tuntui löytyvän avaimia siihen, miksi elämä tuntui niin ahdistavalta.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">Näin kehittyi self-help, <em class="sc-gXmSlM buZoYr yle__article__emphasis">itseapu</em>, joka jo nimenä viestitti, mistä päästä mielenterveyden häiriöitä alettiin useimmiten tulkita ja hoitaa.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph"><a class="sc-ikZpkk RgdM yle__article__link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220926052159/https://netn.fi/sites/www.netn.fi/files/netn141-23.pdf">Ihmisestä, yksilöstä käsin<span class="sc-jIZahH grtgee"> (siirryt toiseen palveluun)</span></a>.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph"><strong class="sc-himrzO irgfOK yle__article__strong">Vaikka yhteiskunnallisen ilmapiirin väitetään</strong> olevanparaikaa suvaitsevainen ja erilaisuuteen kannustava, ilmassa leijuu myös tavaton määrä <em class="sc-gXmSlM buZoYr yle__article__emphasis">ableismia</em>, toisin sanoen syrjintää fyysisen, psyykkisen tai neurologisen poikkeavuuden vuoksi.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">Itsestäni kuitenkin tuntuu, että osa mielenterveyden häiriöistä onkin reagointia rikkinäiseen <em class="sc-gXmSlM buZoYr yle__article__emphasis">ympäristöön</em> ja <em class="sc-gXmSlM buZoYr yle__article__emphasis">maailman</em> järjettömyyksiin, ei suinkaan yksilön sisäsyntyistä heikkoutta.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">Ihmisiä kilpailutetaan toisiaan vastaan, ja kulutusteollisuushan suorastaan elää kroonisista huonommuuden ja riittämättömyyden tunteista. Tämä konkretisoituu usein terveysvaivoiksi, toimeentulo- ja työhuoliksi, jotka murtavat hiljaa itse kutakin. Esimerkiksi <a class="sc-ikZpkk RgdM yle__article__link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220926052159/https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-6655731">masennus ja köyhyys</a> kytkeytyvät toisiinsa puolin ja toisin.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">En missään nimessä halua antaa vaikutelmaa, että vähättelisin ihmisten tuskaa. On täysin selvää, että sen lievittämiseen on saatava apua.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">Oma kysymyksensä silti on, miten ja millaista apua. Jos hurjin arvio on totta ja 85 prosenttia ihmisistä tosiaan kokee elämänsä aikana jonkinasteisen mielenterveyshäiriön, hoitojärjestelmän pitäisi olla tyystin toisenlainen.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">Tällä hetkellä systeemi on kuin vanha, murtumaisillaan oleva pato, joka vuotaa joka puolelta. Eikä kukaan ehdi paikkaamaan vuotokohtia.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph"><strong class="sc-himrzO irgfOK yle__article__strong">“Entä jos normalisoisimme mielenterveyden?”</strong> kysyy professori Anna Keski-Rahkonen Surujen Suomi -podcastissa. Hänen mielestään hoitojärjestelmä voisi muistuttaa neuvoloiden kaltaista kaikki kansalaiset kattavaa järjestelmää, jossa ihmisen viallisuus ei enää toimisi hoitotyön lähtökohtana. Lähtökohtana olisi häiriöiden yleisyys ja normaalius.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">Sillä loppujen lopuksihan yksikään ihminen ei ole koskaan täysin ehyt.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">Ja jotkut meistä ovat aika ajoin pahastikin rikki</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph"><em class="sc-gXmSlM buZoYr yle__article__emphasis">Asta Leppä</em></p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph"><em class="sc-gXmSlM buZoYr yle__article__emphasis">Kirjoittaja on tietokirjailija ja vapaa toimittaja, joka on sairastanut muun muassa keskivaikeaa masennusta ja viisitoista vuotta kestäneen anoreksian.</em></p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">Kolumnista voi keskustella 27.9. klo 23.00 saakka.</p><p class="sc-crXcEl sc-kLLXSd egSoXj hBKjqK yle__article__paragraph">Mielenterveyttä käsittelevä podcast Asta Leppä ja Surujen Suomi 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Mistä tämä johtuu, kysyy Leppä."},{"type":"ImageBlock","id":"39-90971761fa878542674","alt":"Tietokirjailija Asta Leppä katsoo kameraan","aspect":1.5,"caption":null,"source":"Jouni Immonen \u002F Yle","recommendedFormat":"jpg","width":4917,"height":3278,"blurhash":"L58gHVIp00~AE2j@%LbH56xZ=x9u","copyright":[{"language":"und","value":"Jouni Immonen \u002F Yle"}],"licence":{"id":"6","name":[{"language":"und","value":"Yle"}]},"crops":[{"aspect":1.78,"coordinates":{"height":2765,"width":4917,"x":0,"y":143},"name":"16:9"},{"aspect":0.67,"coordinates":{"height":3278,"width":2185,"x":1379,"y":0},"name":"2:3"},{"aspect":1,"coordinates":{"height":3278,"width":3278,"x":672,"y":0},"name":"1:1"},{"aspect":2.5,"coordinates":{"height":1956,"width":4917,"x":0,"y":508},"name":"5:2"}]},{"type":"AsideBlock","behaviour":null,"content":[{"type":"HeadingBlock","level":4,"text":"Kolumni"},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"Kolumneja kirjoittaa laaja joukko Ylen ulkopuolisia tekijöitä."},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"[\u003E Kaikki kolumnit löydät täältä](http:\u002F\u002Fyle.fi\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-166542) \n[\u003E Kuuntele kolumneja Yle Areenassa](https:\u002F\u002Fareena.yle.fi\u002Faudio\u002F1-61222404)"}]},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"**Melkein** **jokainen meistä** masentuu, ahdistuu, uupuu tai jopa traumatisoituu. On arvioitu, että [60-85 prosenttia](https:\u002F\u002Fareena.yle.fi\u002Fpodcastit\u002F1-63394743) ihmisistä kokee elämänsä aikana jonkinasteisen mielenterveyden häiriön."},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"Se on aikamoinen määrä."},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"Mutta jos häiriöitä on näin monella, miksi niitä pidetään yhä häpeällisinä tai ainakin poikkeavina?"},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"Eikö tällainen suhtautumistapa pikemminkin lisää ihmisen psyykkistä kuormaa kuin helpota sitä?"},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"**Tällaisten lukujen valossa** ei ole ihme, miksi julkisen hoitojärjestelmän tilanne on mikä on. Esimerkiksi joillakin nuorten psykiatrisilla poliklinikoilla on jouduttu ottamaan [lattiat ja käytävät käyttöön](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.hs.fi\u002Fkotimaa\u002Fart-2000007923580.html), koska potilashuoneet ovat olleet niin täynnä. "},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"[Työkyvyttömyysjaksot mielenterveyssyistä](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.tela.fi\u002F2022\u002F02\u002F17\u002Fmielenterveys-haastaa-suomalaisten-tyokykya\u002F) ovat kääntyneet taas uuteen nousuun. Niin ikään [terapeuteista on huutava pula](https:\u002F\u002Fwww.helsinki.fi\u002Ffi\u002Fuutiset\u002Fterveempi-maailma\u002Fmiksi-psykoterapiaan-niin-vaikea-paasta) ja jonot venyvät venymistään. "},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"Mielenterveyden professori **Anna Keski-Rahkonen** huomauttaa [podcastissani Surujen Suomi](https:\u002F\u002Fareena.yle.fi\u002Fpodcastit\u002F1-63394743), että julkisen puolen mielenterveyspalvelut perustuvat yhä vanhaan järjestelmään, joka hoiti vain pientä, vakavia mielenhäiriöitä sairastavien potilasryhmää. Mutta ajat ovat muuttuneet."},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"Ennen muuta muuttuneet ovat normaaliuden ja terveyden käsitteet. Ihmiset myös ajattelevat aivan toisella tavalla itsestään ja muista kuin aikoinaan – mikä puolestaan johtuu psykologian ja psykiatrian ennennäkemättömästä voittokulusta viimeisten runsaan sadan vuoden aikana. "},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"Ennen ihmiset eivät puhuneet itsestään ja toisistaan käyttäen vaikkapa sellaisia termejä kuten alitajunta, itsetunto tai äitisuhde. "},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"Tämä on tavallaan hyväkin asia, sillä arkinen puhe auttaa stigman vähentämisessä."},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"**Vuosien myötä psykiatrian ja psykologian rooli** on kasvanut kasvamistaanja muuttanut ihmisten ajattelua mielenterveydestä. Yhdessä nuo tieteet ovat antaneet käsitteet ahdistaville, epämääräisille oireille, emansipoineet ja auttaneet miljoonia parempaan elämään. "},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"Ihmiset ovat saaneet diagnooseja, jotka ovat olleet valtava helpotus, mutta myös diagnooseja, joita eivät ole niin halunneet."},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"Psykologia on määrittänyt yhä pikkupiirteisemmin sen, millaiset tunteet ja olotilat ovat “normaaleja”."},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"Lääketieteellisen hoidon rinnalle syntyikin liiketoimintaa, josta kehkeytyi [miljardiluokan bisnes](https:\u002F\u002Fbrainblogger.com\u002F2014\u002F05\u002F23\u002Fthe-self-help-industry-helps-itself-to-billions-of-dollars\u002F) – osin siksi, ettei virallista apua riittänyt kaikille, osin siksi, että oireita hävettiin ja peiteltiin. Kuitenkin juuri tästä suunnasta tuntui löytyvän avaimia siihen, miksi elämä tuntui niin ahdistavalta."},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"Näin kehittyi self-help, _itseapu_, joka jo nimenä viestitti, mistä päästä mielenterveyden häiriöitä alettiin useimmiten tulkita ja hoitaa."},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"[Ihmisestä, yksilöstä käsin](https:\u002F\u002Fnetn.fi\u002Fsites\u002Fwww.netn.fi\u002Ffiles\u002Fnetn141-23.pdf)."},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"**Vaikka yhteiskunnallisen ilmapiirin väitetään** olevanparaikaa suvaitsevainen ja erilaisuuteen kannustava, ilmassa leijuu myös tavaton määrä _ableismia_, toisin sanoen syrjintää fyysisen, psyykkisen tai neurologisen poikkeavuuden vuoksi. "},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"Itsestäni kuitenkin tuntuu, että osa mielenterveyden häiriöistä onkin reagointia rikkinäiseen _ympäristöön_ ja _maailman_ järjettömyyksiin, ei suinkaan yksilön sisäsyntyistä heikkoutta. "},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"Ihmisiä kilpailutetaan toisiaan vastaan, ja kulutusteollisuushan suorastaan elää kroonisista huonommuuden ja riittämättömyyden tunteista. Tämä konkretisoituu usein terveysvaivoiksi, toimeentulo- ja työhuoliksi, jotka murtavat hiljaa itse kutakin. Esimerkiksi [masennus ja köyhyys](https:\u002F\u002Fyle.fi\u002Fuutiset\u002F3-6655731) kytkeytyvät toisiinsa puolin ja toisin."},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"En missään nimessä halua antaa vaikutelmaa, että vähättelisin ihmisten tuskaa. On täysin selvää, että sen lievittämiseen on saatava apua."},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"Oma kysymyksensä silti on, miten ja millaista apua. Jos hurjin arvio on totta ja 85 prosenttia ihmisistä tosiaan kokee elämänsä aikana jonkinasteisen mielenterveyshäiriön, hoitojärjestelmän pitäisi olla tyystin toisenlainen. "},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"Tällä hetkellä systeemi on kuin vanha, murtumaisillaan oleva pato, joka vuotaa joka puolelta. Eikä kukaan ehdi paikkaamaan vuotokohtia."},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"**“Entä jos normalisoisimme mielenterveyden?”** kysyy professori Anna Keski-Rahkonen Surujen Suomi -podcastissa. Hänen mielestään hoitojärjestelmä voisi muistuttaa neuvoloiden kaltaista kaikki kansalaiset kattavaa järjestelmää, jossa ihmisen viallisuus ei enää toimisi hoitotyön lähtökohtana. Lähtökohtana olisi häiriöiden yleisyys ja normaalius."},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"Sillä loppujen lopuksihan yksikään ihminen ei ole koskaan täysin ehyt."},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"Ja jotkut meistä ovat aika ajoin pahastikin rikki"},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"_Asta Leppä_"},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"_Kirjoittaja on tietokirjailija ja vapaa toimittaja, joka on sairastanut muun muassa keskivaikeaa masennusta ja viisitoista vuotta kestäneen anoreksian._"},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"Kolumnista voi keskustella 27.9. klo 23.00 saakka."},{"type":"TextBlock","markdown":"Mielenterveyttä käsittelevä podcast Asta Leppä ja Surujen Suomi 26.9 alkaen [Yle Areenassa](https:\u002F\u002Fareena.yle.fi\u002Fpodcastit\u002F1-63394743)."}],"sources":null,"places":null},"supplements":{"mostRead":[{"contentId":"3-12314941","type":"article","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F3-12314941","texts":{"headline":{"text":"NYT: Scholz ei halua lähettää panssarivaunuja Ukrainaan, ettei sota laajenisi"},"lead":{"text":"Kokoamme tähän artikkeliin sodan tärkeimmät tapahtumat."}},"image":{"id":"39-101258863312461cf729","alt":"Henkilö irrottaa osia sotilasjoneuvosta.","blurhash":"L3AAj#9b-;008^Md8_?v4m?w%MNH","crops":[{"aspect":1.78,"coordinates":{"height":2880,"width":5120,"x":0,"y":0}},{"aspect":0.67,"coordinates":{"height":3413,"width":2275,"x":1315,"y":0}},{"aspect":1,"coordinates":{"height":3413,"width":3413,"x":1215,"y":0}},{"aspect":2.5,"coordinates":{"height":2047,"width":5119,"x":0,"y":693}}],"version":"1664165139"},"publishedAt":"2022-02-12T11:25:07+0200","concepts":[{"id":"18-334977","text":"Venäjän hyökkäys","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-334977"},{"id":"18-34953","text":"Ulkomaat","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-34953"},{"id":"18-291229","text":"Yle Uutiset somenostot","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-291229"},{"id":"18-180720","text":"Venäjä","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-180720"},{"id":"18-185076","text":"Ukraina","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-185076"}]},{"contentId":"3-12636596","type":"article","url":"\u002Furheilu\u002F3-12636596","texts":{"headline":{"text":"Anki Honkala, 56, vähät välittää kommenteista ja esiintyy ylpeänä pienissä bikineissä: \"Haluan elää elämääni täysillä joka päivä\""},"lead":{"text":"Intohimoja voi olla monenlaisia. 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Äärioikeistolainen Italian veljet on viemässä vaalivoiton."}},"image":{"id":"39-101258363311a69612f9","alt":"Giorgia Meloni näyttää voitonmerkkiä kampanjoidessaan kannattajiensa edessä.","blurhash":"LuK_5,t5I.s;~qt5WFs:yCoJnkoy","crops":[{"aspect":1.78,"coordinates":{"height":2880,"width":5120,"x":0,"y":165}},{"aspect":0.67,"coordinates":{"height":3413,"width":2275,"x":1719,"y":0}},{"aspect":1,"coordinates":{"height":3413,"width":3413,"x":861,"y":0}},{"aspect":2.5,"coordinates":{"height":2047,"width":5119,"x":0,"y":340}}],"version":"1664162493"},"publishedAt":"2022-09-26T06:37:58+0300","concepts":[{"id":"18-177017","text":"Italia","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-177017"},{"id":"18-34953","text":"Ulkomaat","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-34953"},{"id":"18-244686","text":"Italian politiikka","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-244686"},{"id":"18-318833","text":"Giorgia Meloni","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-318833"}]},{"contentId":"3-12637933","type":"article","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F3-12637933","texts":{"headline":{"text":"Liikenne Kaakkois-Suomen rajanylityspaikoilla on ollut vilkasta viikonlopun aikana – jatkuva jono Vaalimaalla, Nuijamaalla ja Imatralla koko yön"},"lead":{"text":"Venäläisten rajanylittäjien määrä Kaakkois-Suomessa lisääntyy lähipäivinä, arvioi rajavartiosto."}},"image":{"id":"39-101250363302e650da0f","alt":"Venäläiset matkustajat jonottavat pääsyä Suomeen Vaalimaan raja-asemalla sunnuntaina.","blurhash":"L4CGGT_300IT%#xvjrD%00M|~XtQ","crops":[{"aspect":1.78,"coordinates":{"height":2880,"width":5120,"x":0,"y":0}},{"aspect":0.67,"coordinates":{"height":3416,"width":2277,"x":0,"y":0}},{"aspect":1,"coordinates":{"height":3416,"width":3416,"x":0,"y":0}}],"version":"1664110458"},"publishedAt":"2022-09-26T06:33:07+0300","concepts":[{"id":"18-205810","text":"Rajavalvonta","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-205810"},{"id":"18-18531","text":"Rajavartiolaitos","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-18531"},{"id":"18-209824","text":"Rajavartiostot","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-209824"},{"id":"18-172068","text":"Kotka","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-172068"},{"id":"18-180573","text":"Lappeenranta","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-180573"},{"id":"18-305754","text":"Vaalimaan raja-asema","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-305754"},{"id":"18-170034","text":"Vaalimaa","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-170034"},{"id":"18-198551","text":"Kymenlaakso","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-198551"},{"id":"18-180168","text":"Imatra","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-180168"},{"id":"18-180490","text":"Etelä-Karjala","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-180490"},{"id":"18-44769","text":"Nuijamaa, Lappeenranta","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-44769"},{"id":"18-34837","text":"Kotimaa","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-34837"}]},{"contentId":"3-12637823","type":"article","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F3-12637823","texts":{"headline":{"text":"Herätys: Vapaaehtoiset torjuvat ruokahävikkiä kauppojen varastoissa | Sähkön kulutus vaihtelee paljon | Äärioikeisto voitti Italian vaalit"},"lead":{"text":"Kerromme päivän uutiset ja puheenaiheet nopeasti."}},"image":{"id":"39-1011498632c4ec801753","alt":"Suomen Punaisen Ristin pussittavat ruokia ruokajonoa varten.","blurhash":"LWF=dj%gx]-;_N%Mx]xu%hx]WBt8","crops":[{"aspect":1.78,"coordinates":{"height":2934,"width":5227,"x":0,"y":109}},{"aspect":0.67,"coordinates":{"height":3480,"width":2320,"x":106,"y":14}},{"aspect":1,"coordinates":{"height":3480,"width":3480,"x":472,"y":13}}],"version":"1663849496"},"publishedAt":"2022-09-26T06:14:31+0300","concepts":[{"id":"18-224019","text":"Aamukooste","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-224019"},{"id":"18-34837","text":"Kotimaa","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-34837"},{"id":"18-34953","text":"Ulkomaat","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-34953"}]},{"contentId":"3-12637878","type":"article","url":"\u002Furheilu\u002F3-12637878","texts":{"headline":{"text":"Huuhkajilla illalla iso peli Montenegrossa – miten Markku Kanerva paikkaa keskikentän ikävän takaiskun?"},"lead":{"text":"Huuhkajilla on vielä mahdollisuudet tärkeään lohkon kakkossijaan. Se vaatii kuitenkin voittoa. Yksi kysymys illan pelissä on, ketä Markku Kanerva peluuttaa loukkaantuneen Rasmus Schüllerin tilalla."}},"image":{"id":"39-101254963306905b25d7","alt":"Markku Kanerva.","blurhash":"LMHLh@4m~qxv-rIUIUxtM_k9D%WY","crops":[{"aspect":1.78,"coordinates":{"height":2036,"width":3620,"x":73,"y":275}},{"aspect":0.67,"coordinates":{"height":2839,"width":1892,"x":1122,"y":0}},{"aspect":1,"coordinates":{"height":1802,"width":1802,"x":1167,"y":398}},{"aspect":2.5,"coordinates":{"height":1317,"width":3295,"x":441,"y":379}}],"version":"1664130841"},"publishedAt":"2022-09-26T06:07:03+0300","concepts":[{"id":"18-205598","text":"Jalkapallo","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-205598"},{"id":"18-190309","text":"Huuhkajat","url":"\u002Furheilu\u002F18-190309"},{"id":"18-284755","text":"UEFA Kansojen liiga","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-284755"},{"id":"18-168516","text":"Markku Kanerva","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-168516"},{"id":"18-124740","text":"Lucas Lingman","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-124740"},{"id":"18-137653","text":"Rasmus Schüller","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-137653"}]},{"contentId":"3-12635933","type":"article","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F3-12635933","texts":{"headline":{"text":"Näin paljon sähkön kulutus vaihtelee eri vuodenaikoina – talven kulutushuiput pahin ongelma sähkön riittävyydelle"},"lead":{"text":"Ensi talvena korkea hinta voi pienentää sähkön hankalia kulutuspiikkejä. Viime talvena hinta ei juuri kannustanut pienentämään kulutusta sen ollessa korkeimmillaan."}},"image":{"id":"39-100884463244c0537948","alt":"Voimalinjoja illalla Helsingissä.","blurhash":"LzJHp[-oRjR*~qkCRkj[x[NHWBf6","crops":[{"aspect":1.78,"coordinates":{"height":2509,"width":4461,"x":425,"y":1008}},{"aspect":0.67,"coordinates":{"height":3504,"width":2336,"x":2035,"y":0}},{"aspect":1,"coordinates":{"height":3504,"width":3504,"x":887,"y":14}},{"aspect":2.5,"coordinates":{"height":2121,"width":5304,"x":0,"y":996}}],"version":"1663613445"},"publishedAt":"2022-09-26T06:00:00+0300","concepts":[{"id":"18-209668","text":"Sähkömarkkinat","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-209668"},{"id":"18-205950","text":"Sähkö","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-205950"},{"id":"18-204933","text":"Talous","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-204933"},{"id":"18-214361","text":"Sähkönkulutus","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-214361"},{"id":"18-211487","text":"Energiankulutus","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-211487"},{"id":"18-205415","text":"Energia-ala","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-205415"},{"id":"18-37546","text":"Sähköntuotanto ja -jakelu","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-37546"}]},{"contentId":"3-12635858","type":"article","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F3-12635858","texts":{"headline":{"text":"Yksi huono viinirypäle voi saada asiakkaan hylkäämään koko rasian – SPR pelastaa kasviksia kaupoista, jotta ruokaa ei päätyisi roskiin"},"lead":{"text":"SPR ottaa käyttöön Kemissä kehitetyn konseptin, missä vapaaehtoiset käyvät varastoissa läpi kauppojen hevi-hävikkiä ja valikoivat käyttökuntoiset kasvikset leipäjonoihin ja sosiaalisiin keittiöihin."}},"image":{"id":"39-1011494632c4ec05aab4","alt":"SPR:n vapaaehtoiset Tarja Sipilä ja Mirja Rauhala ruokablokkaavat Prisman varastohuoneessa.","blurhash":"LJHdjRyY_LRSx@%Mxuj[AWWGm,XS","crops":[{"aspect":1.78,"coordinates":{"height":2886,"width":5131,"x":0,"y":41}},{"aspect":0.67,"coordinates":{"height":3421,"width":2280,"x":1138,"y":0}},{"aspect":1,"coordinates":{"height":3421,"width":3421,"x":758,"y":0}}],"version":"1663849448"},"playableMedia":{"id":"1-63503049"},"publishedAt":"2022-09-26T05:15:00+0300","concepts":[{"id":"18-22524","text":"Ruokahävikki","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-22524"},{"id":"18-172583","text":"Kemi","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-172583"},{"id":"18-171943","text":"Punainen Risti","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-171943"},{"id":"18-178334","text":"Lappi","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-178334"},{"id":"18-34837","text":"Kotimaa","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F18-34837"}]},{"contentId":"3-12634937","type":"article","url":"\u002Fuutiset\u002F3-12634937","texts":{"headline":{"text":"8-vuotiaan Kirillin isä jäi Ukrainaan, kun muu perhe pakeni Suomeen – vaikka lasten kokemukset näkyvät koulussa, sodasta ei puhuta"},"lead":{"text":"Etenkin pienillä paikkakunnilla on ollut haasteita löytää oppilaille sopivia tiloja ja henkilökuntaa. 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