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searchaux" style="display:none">English writer (1702–1734)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people named James Smythe, see <a href="/wiki/James_Smythe_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="James Smythe (disambiguation)">James Smythe (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/James_Moore_Smythe" title="Special:EditPage/James Moore Smythe">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22James+Moore+Smythe%22">"James Moore Smythe"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22James+Moore+Smythe%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22James+Moore+Smythe%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22James+Moore+Smythe%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22James+Moore+Smythe%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22James+Moore+Smythe%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>James Moore Smythe</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="/ð/: 'th' in 'this'">ð</span></span>/</a></span></span>; 1702 – 18 October 1734) was an English <a href="/wiki/Dramatist" class="mw-redirect" title="Dramatist">playwright</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fop" title="Fop">fop</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography<span class="anchor" id="James_Moore's_Name_and_William_Smythe's_Estate_Act_1728"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Moore_Smythe&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">United Kingdom legislation</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size:100%"><span style="font-size:125%">James Moore's Name and William Smythe's Estate Act 1728</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight: bold;">Act of Parliament</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Coat_of_arms_of_Great_Britain_%281714%E2%80%931801%29.svg/140px-Coat_of_arms_of_Great_Britain_%281714%E2%80%931801%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Coat_of_arms_of_Great_Britain_%281714%E2%80%931801%29.svg/210px-Coat_of_arms_of_Great_Britain_%281714%E2%80%931801%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Coat_of_arms_of_Great_Britain_%281714%E2%80%931801%29.svg/280px-Coat_of_arms_of_Great_Britain_%281714%E2%80%931801%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Great_Britain" title="Parliament of Great Britain">Parliament of Great Britain</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Short_and_long_titles" title="Short and long titles">Long title</a></th><td class="infobox-data description">An Act to enable James Moore, and his Issue Male, to take the Surname of Smythe, according to the Will of William Smythe Esquire, deceased; and for vesting in Trustees Two Thousand Three Hundred and Sixteen Pounds, Sixteen Shillings, and Ten Pence, South Sea Annuities, Part of the Estate of the said William Smythe, to be sold, for the Purposes therein mentioned.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Citation_of_United_Kingdom_legislation" title="Citation of United Kingdom legislation">Citation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/2_Geo._2" class="mw-redirect" title="2 Geo. 2">2 Geo. 2</a>. c. <i>26</i></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;">Dates</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">Royal assent</a></th><td class="infobox-data">14 May 1729</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Smythe was appointed by the King to the Office of, Co-<a href="/wiki/Paymaster_of_the_Honourable_Corps_of_Gentlemen_at_Arms" title="Paymaster of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen at Arms">Paymaster of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen at Arms</a>. He was born James Moore. He was the son of <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Moore_(Grimsby_MP)" title="Arthur Moore (Grimsby MP)">Arthur Moore</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1660</span> – 4 May 1730), MP for <a href="/wiki/Great_Grimsby_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Great Grimsby (UK Parliament constituency)">Great Grimsby</a>, and his 2nd wife Theophila Smythe, dau. of William Smythe Esq., Paymaster of the Band of Pensioners, now known as The <a href="/wiki/Honourable_Corps_of_Gentlemen_at_Arms" title="Honourable Corps of Gentlemen at Arms">Honourable Corps of Gentlemen at Arms</a>, and Lady Elizabeth Berkeley. His mother's maternal grandfather was <a href="/wiki/George_Berkeley,_1st_Earl_of_Berkeley" title="George Berkeley, 1st Earl of Berkeley">George Berkeley, 1st Earl of Berkeley</a> and his mother carried the last name Smythe. Moore graduated from <a href="/wiki/All_Souls_College,_Oxford" title="All Souls College, Oxford">All Souls College, Oxford</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">Bachelor of Arts</a> in 1722. During his college years, he had a reputation for wittiness and a great attention to <a href="/wiki/Fashion" title="Fashion">fashion</a>. He was referred to by the informal name "Jemmy." When his grandfather (William Smythe) died in 1720, he left estates to Moore on condition that he change his name to Smythe, which he did by private Act of Parliament (<a href="/wiki/2_Geo._2" class="mw-redirect" title="2 Geo. 2">2 Geo. 2</a>. c. <i>26</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Moore Smythe was profligate, and even with inherited estates ran up substantial debts. Furthermore, he had offended several persons in society, and particularly <a href="/wiki/Tory_party" class="mw-redirect" title="Tory party">tories</a>. In 1727, he wrote his only play, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rival_Modes" title="The Rival Modes">The Rival Modes</a></i>, and the <a href="/wiki/Theatre_Royal,_Drury_Lane" title="Theatre Royal, Drury Lane">Drury Lane</a> company under the direction of <a href="/wiki/Colley_Cibber" title="Colley Cibber">Colley Cibber</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Wilks" title="Robert Wilks">Robert Wilks</a> acted it. Smythe packed the audience in hopes of raising money, but the play was not well received. The opening night audience included many to whom Smythe owed money. The play ran for six nights, which was a mediocre run. However, Smythe received £300 for the author's benefit night. </p><p>Smythe's place in <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Pope" title="Alexander Pope">Alexander Pope</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dunciad" title="The Dunciad">The Dunciad</a></i> comes primarily from this play. In the second act, Smythe quoted eight lines of Pope's poetry. It appears that Pope had given and then revoked permission for the use of the lines, but Smythe went ahead anyway. This earned him Pope's wrath, and he was already despised by the other Tory wits. In <i>The Dunciad</i> of 1727, Pope presents Moore as a "phantom poet" whom all the book sellers are desperate to court. This is partially because of the piracy (Moore does not indicate his source or credit Pope), but it is more because <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lintot" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernard Lintot">Bernard Lintot</a> offered Moore Smythe the incredible sum of £130 for the publication rights to the play. (In contrast, <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Welsted" title="Leonard Welsted">Leonard Welsted</a> had had a much greater theatrical success in 1726 with <i>The Dissembled Woman</i> and had received only £30 for the publication rights.) Lintot probably suspected that the controversy would mean sales and that Moore was a new <a href="/wiki/Whigs_(British_political_party)" title="Whigs (British political party)">Whig</a> hero. On the last score, at least, he would have been correct. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Cooke_(writer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward Cooke (writer) (page does not exist)">Edward Cooke</a>, in his <i>Battel of the Poets</i> of 1729, proclaimed Moore a "new <a href="/wiki/John_Dryden" title="John Dryden">Dryden</a>." Other "dunces" from <i>The Dunciad</i> began to support and collaborate with Moore, and Leonard Welsted joined with Moore in writing <i>One Letter to Mr Pope</i> in 1730. Moore, despite having no poetic career before the play and virtually no career after it, was being lauded, and this despite what <a href="/wiki/Edward_Young" title="Edward Young">Edward Young</a> called "a very bad" play. Moore Smythe appeared to be a nobleman, a man of fashion, and an anti-Tory, and in <i>The Dunciad</i> he is presented as a great, vacuous nothing whose jingling coat and supposedly jingling pockets induce the mercenary book sellers into a frenzy. When they reach Moore, they find that he has nothing of his own, including his clothes. </p><p>In 1730, Pope renewed this characterisation of Moore Smythe. In <i>The Grub-Street Journal</i> for May and June, Pope wrote: </p> <dl><dd>A Gold watch found on a Cinder Whore,</dd> <dd>Or a good verse on J--my M-re,</dd> <dd>Proves but what either shou'd conceal,</dd> <dd>Not that they're rich, but that they steal.</dd></dl> <p>In each attack, Pope characterises Moore primarily as a <a href="/wiki/Plagiarism" title="Plagiarism">plagiarist</a>. When the book sellers reach their "Phantom Moore" in <i>The Dunciad</i>, all the poetry in his collection flies back to the poets it was stolen from. Pope indicates that Moore stole not only from him, but from Dryden, from <a href="/wiki/John_Arbuthnot" title="John Arbuthnot">John Arbuthnot</a>, and from others. In the context of <i>The Dunciad,</i> Moore stands not just for the generally degraded fop, nor for the imprudent heir of a fortune, but for the avarice and stupidity of book sellers (exemplified by <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Curll" title="Edmund Curll">Edmund Curll</a>) who would publish anything at all, regardless of value, if it looked like it would sell. Thus, Moore Smythe's calculated gesture of using his notoriety to sell seats in the playhouse and the book sellers who would count upon that notoriety to sell copies of the play were mirrored sides of a critique of an emergent mass market for literature, and Pope's primary target is the abandonment of standards of quality. </p><p>After his quarrel with Pope, Moore Smythe continued in his debts and insolvency. He died unmarried and in poverty on 18 October 1734. The next year, in <i>Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot,</i> Pope again attacked Moore Smythe as a plagiarist. Since his day, Moore Smythe has been remembered almost exclusively as Pope presented him, as a noble-born dunce. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Moore_Smythe&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deedpolloffice.com/research/private-acts-parliament/1728-2-Geo-2-26">Deed Poll Office: Private Act of Parliament 1728 (2 Geo. 2). c. 26</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Moore_Smythe&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Carter, Philip. "James Moore Smythe". In Matthew, H.C.G. and Brian Harrison, eds. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a>.</i> vol. 51, 461. London: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">OUP</a>, 2004.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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