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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Revelation 20:12 And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne. And there were open books, and one of them was the Book of Life. And the dead were judged according to their deeds, as recorded in the books.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/revelation/20-12.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/1/66_Rev_20_12.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Revelation 20:12 - The Final Judgment" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne. And there were open books, and one of them was the Book of Life. And the dead were judged according to their deeds, as recorded in the books." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/revelation/20-12.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/revelation/20-12.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/revelation/">Revelation</a> > <a href="/revelation/20.htm">Chapter 20</a> > Verse 12</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad12.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/revelation/20-11.htm" title="Revelation 20:11">◄</a> Revelation 20:12 <a href="/revelation/20-13.htm" title="Revelation 20:13">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Greek </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv">Verse<a href="/bsb/revelation/20.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><a href="/niv/revelation/20.htm">New International Version</a> And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne, and books were opened. Another book was opened, which is the book of life. The dead were judged according to what they had done as recorded in the books. <a href="/nlt/revelation/20.htm">New Living Translation</a> I saw the dead, both great and small, standing before God’s throne. And the books were opened, including the Book of Life. And the dead were judged according to what they had done, as recorded in the books. <a href="/esv/revelation/20.htm">English Standard Version</a> And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne, and books were opened. Then another book was opened, which is the book of life. And the dead were judged by what was written in the books, according to what they had done. <a href="/bsb/revelation/20.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne. And books were opened, and one of them was the Book of Life. And the dead were judged according to their deeds, as recorded in the books. <a href="/blb/revelation/20.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a> And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne, and books were opened. And another book was opened, which is the one of life. And the dead were judged out of the things having been written in the books, according to their deeds. <a href="/kjv/revelation/20.htm">King James Bible</a> And I saw the dead, small and great, stand before God; and the books were opened: and another book was opened, which is the book of life: and the dead were judged out of those things which were written in the books, according to their works. <a href="/nkjv/revelation/20.htm">New King James Version</a> And I saw the dead, small and great, standing before God, and books were opened. And another book was opened, which is the Book of Life. And the dead were judged according to their works, by the things which were written in the books. <a href="/nasb_/revelation/20.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> And I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne, and books were opened; and another book was opened, which is the book of life; and the dead were judged from the things which were written in the books, according to their deeds. <a href="/nasb/revelation/20.htm">NASB 1995</a> And I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne, and books were opened; and another book was opened, which is the book of life; and the dead were judged from the things which were written in the books, according to their deeds. <a href="/nasb77/revelation/20.htm">NASB 1977 </a> And I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne, and books were opened; and another book was opened, which is the book of life; and the dead were judged from the things which were written in the books, according to their deeds. <a href="/lsb/revelation/20.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> Then I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne, and books were opened; and another book was opened, which is the book of life. And the dead were judged from the things which were written in the books, according to their deeds. <a href="/amp/revelation/20.htm">Amplified Bible</a> And I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne, and books were opened. Then another book was opened, which is the Book of Life; and the dead were judged according to what they had done as written in the books [that is, everything done while on earth]. <a href="/csb/revelation/20.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> I also saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne, and books were opened. Another book was opened, which is the book of life, and the dead were judged according to their works by what was written in the books. <a href="/hcsb/revelation/20.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> I also saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne, and books were opened. Another book was opened, which is the book of life, and the dead were judged according to their works by what was written in the books. <a href="/asv/revelation/20.htm">American Standard Version</a> And I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne; and books were opened: and another book was opened, which is the book of life: and the dead were judged out of the things which were written in the books, according to their works. <a href="/cev/revelation/20.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> I also saw all the dead people standing in front of that throne. Every one of them was there, no matter who they had once been. Several books were opened, and then the book of life was opened. The dead were judged by what those books said they had done. <a href="/erv/revelation/20.htm">English Revised Version</a> And I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne; and books were opened: and another book was opened, which is the book of life: and the dead were judged out of the things which were written in the books, according to their works. <a href="/gwt/revelation/20.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> I saw the dead, both important and unimportant people, standing in front of the throne. Books were opened, including the Book of Life. The dead were judged on the basis of what they had done, as recorded in the books. <a href="/gnt/revelation/20.htm">Good News Translation</a> And I saw the dead, great and small alike, standing before the throne. Books were opened, and then another book was opened, the book of the living. The dead were judged according to what they had done, as recorded in the books. <a href="/isv/revelation/20.htm">International Standard Version</a> I saw the dead, both unimportant and important, standing in front of the throne, and books were open. Another book was opened—the Book of Life. The dead were judged according to their actions, as recorded in the books. <a href="/msb/revelation/20.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne. And books were opened, and one of them was the Book of Life. And the dead were judged according to their deeds, as recorded in the books. <a href="/net/revelation/20.htm">NET Bible</a> And I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne. Then books were opened, and another book was opened--the book of life. So the dead were judged by what was written in the books, according to their deeds. <a href="/nheb/revelation/20.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne, and they opened books. Another book was opened, which is the Book of Life. The dead were judged out of the things which were written in the books, according to their works. <a href="/wbt/revelation/20.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> And I saw the dead, small and great, stand before God; and the books were opened: and another book was opened, which is the book of life: and the dead were judged out of the things which were written in the books, according to their works. <a href="/wey/revelation/20.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a> And I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing in front of the throne. And books were opened; and so was another book--namely, the Book of Life; and the dead were judged by the things recorded in the books in accordance with what their conduct had been. <a href="/web/revelation/20.htm">World English Bible</a> I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne, and they opened books. Another book was opened, which is the book of life. The dead were judged out of the things which were written in the books, according to their works. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/revelation/20.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> and I saw the dead, small and great, standing before God, and scrolls were opened, and another scroll was opened, which is that of the life, and the dead were judged out of the things written in the scrolls—according to their works; <a href="/blb/revelation/20.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a> And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne, and books were opened. And another book was opened, which is the one of life. And the dead were judged out of the things having been written in the books, according to their deeds. <a href="/ylt/revelation/20.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> and I saw the dead, small and great, standing before God, and scrolls were opened, and another scroll was opened, which is that of the life, and the dead were judged out of the things written in the scrolls -- according to their works; <a href="/slt/revelation/20.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> And I saw the dead, small and great, standing before God; and the books were opened: and another book was opened, which is of life: and the dead were judged from the things written in the books, according to their works.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/revelation/20.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> And I saw the dead, great and small, standing in the presence of the throne, and the books were opened; and another book was opened, which is the book of life; and the dead were judged by those things which were written in the books, according to their works. <a href="/cpdv/revelation/20.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> And I saw the dead, great and small, standing in view of the throne. And books were opened. And another Book was opened, which is the Book of Life. And the dead were judged by those things that had been written in the books, according to their works. <a href="/nabre/revelation/20.htm">New American Bible</a> I saw the dead, the great and the lowly, standing before the throne, and scrolls were opened. Then another scroll was opened, the book of life. The dead were judged according to their deeds, by what was written in the scrolls. <a href="/nrsvce/revelation/20.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne, and books were opened. Also another book was opened, the book of life. And the dead were judged according to their works, as recorded in the books.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/revelation/20.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> Then I saw the dead, small and great, stand before the throne; and the books were opened: and another book was opened, which is the book of life: and the dead were judged by those things which were written in the books, according to their works. <a href="/aramaic-plain-english/revelation/20.htm">Aramaic Bible in Plain English</a> And I saw the dead, great and small, who stood before the throne, and scrolls were opened, and another scroll was opened, which is of The Judgment, and the dead were judged from those things that were written in the scrolls, according to their works.<div class="vheading2">NT Translations</div><a href="/anderson/revelation/20.htm">Anderson New Testament</a> And I saw the dead, small and great, stand before the throne; and the books were opened; and another book was opened, which is the book of life: and the dead were judged out of the things that were written in the books, according to their works. <a href="/godbey/revelation/20.htm">Godbey New Testament</a> And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne; and the books were opened, and another book was opened, which is the book of life: and the dead were judged out of the things which were written in the books, according to their works. <a href="/haweis/revelation/20.htm">Haweis New Testament</a> And I saw the dead, small and great, standing before God, and the books were opened; and another book was opened, which is the book of life: and the dead were judged out of the things written in the books according to their works. <a href="/mace/revelation/20.htm">Mace New Testament</a> and I saw the dead, small and great, stand before the throne; the books were opened: and another book was opened, which is the book of life: and the dead were judged out, of those things which were written in the books, according to their works. <a href="/wey/revelation/20.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a> And I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing in front of the throne. And books were opened; and so was another book--namely, the Book of Life; and the dead were judged by the things recorded in the books in accordance with what their conduct had been. <a href="/worrell/revelation/20.htm">Worrell New Testament</a> And I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne; and books were opened; and another book was opened, which is the book of life; and the dead were judged out of the things that were written in the books, according to their works. <a href="/worsley/revelation/20.htm">Worsley New Testament</a> And I saw the dead, small and great, stand before God; and the books were opened: and another book was opened, which is the book of life: and the dead were judged by the things written in the books, according to their works. <a href="/parallel/revelation/20-12.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/LJfD7KQcx0I?start=4337" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/revelation/20.htm">The Final Judgment</a> 11Then I saw a great white throne and the One seated on it. Earth and heaven fled from His presence, and no place was found for them. 12<a href="/greek/2532.htm" title="2532: kai (Conj) -- And, even, also, namely. ">And</a> <a href="/greek/3708.htm" title="3708: eidon (V-AIA-1S) -- Properly, to stare at, i.e. to discern clearly; by extension, to attend to; by Hebraism, to experience; passively, to appear.">I saw</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tous (Art-AMP) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">the</a> <a href="/greek/3498.htm" title="3498: nekrous (Adj-AMP) -- (a) adj: dead, lifeless, subject to death, mortal, (b) noun: a dead body, a corpse. From an apparently primary nekus; dead.">dead,</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tous (Art-AMP) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the."></a> <a href="/greek/3173.htm" title="3173: megalous (Adj-AMP) -- Large, great, in the widest sense. ">great</a> <a href="/greek/2532.htm" title="2532: kai (Conj) -- And, even, also, namely. ">and</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tous (Art-AMP) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the."></a> <a href="/greek/3398.htm" title="3398: mikrous (Adj-AMP) -- Little, small. Including the comparative mikroteros apparently a primary word; small (figuratively) dignity).">small,</a> <a href="/greek/2476.htm" title="2476: hestōtas (V-RPA-AMP) -- A prolonged form of a primary stao stah'-o; to stand, used in various applications.">standing</a> <a href="/greek/1799.htm" title="1799: enōpion (Prep) -- Neuter of a compound of en and a derivative of optanomai; in the face of.">before</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tou (Art-GMS) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">the</a> <a href="/greek/2362.htm" title="2362: thronou (N-GMS) -- From thrao; a stately seat; by implication, power or a potentate.">throne.</a> <a href="/greek/2532.htm" title="2532: kai (Conj) -- And, even, also, namely. ">And</a> <a href="/greek/455.htm" title="455: ēnoichthēsan (V-AIP-3P) -- To open. From ana and oigo; to open up.">there were open</a> <a href="/greek/975.htm" title="975: biblia (N-NNP) -- A papyrus roll. A diminutive of biblos; a roll.">books,</a> <a href="/greek/2532.htm" title="2532: Kai (Conj) -- And, even, also, namely. ">and</a> <a href="/greek/243.htm" title="243: allo (Adj-NNS) -- Other, another (of more than two), different. A primary word; else, i.e. Different.">one of</a> <a href="/greek/975.htm" title="975: biblion (N-NNS) -- A papyrus roll. A diminutive of biblos; a roll.">them</a> <a href="/greek/455.htm" title="455: ēnoichthē (V-AIP-3S) -- To open. From ana and oigo; to open up.">was</a> <a href="/greek/3739.htm" title="3739: ho (RelPro-NNS) -- Who, which, what, that. "></a> <a href="/greek/1510.htm" title="1510: estin (V-PIA-3S) -- I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist."></a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tēs (Art-GFS) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">the Book</a> <a href="/greek/2222.htm" title="2222: zōēs (N-GFS) -- Life, both of physical (present) and of spiritual (particularly future) existence. From zao; life.">of Life.</a> <a href="/greek/2532.htm" title="2532: kai (Conj) -- And, even, also, namely. ">And</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: hoi (Art-NMP) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">the</a> <a href="/greek/3498.htm" title="3498: nekroi (Adj-NMP) -- (a) adj: dead, lifeless, subject to death, mortal, (b) noun: a dead body, a corpse. From an apparently primary nekus; dead.">dead</a> <a href="/greek/2919.htm" title="2919: ekrithēsan (V-AIP-3P) -- Properly, to distinguish, i.e. Decide; by implication, to try, condemn, punish.">were judged</a> <a href="/greek/2596.htm" title="2596: kata (Prep) -- A primary particle; down, in varied relations (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined).">according to</a> <a href="/greek/846.htm" title="846: autōn (PPro-GM3P) -- He, she, it, they, them, same. From the particle au; the reflexive pronoun self, used of the third person, and of the other persons.">their</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: ta (Art-ANP) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the."></a> <a href="/greek/2041.htm" title="2041: erga (N-ANP) -- From a primary ergo; toil; by implication, an act.">deeds,</a> <a href="/greek/1537.htm" title="1537: ek (Prep) -- From out, out from among, from, suggesting from the interior outwards. A primary preposition denoting origin, from, out.">as</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tōn (Art-GNP) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the."></a> <a href="/greek/1125.htm" title="1125: gegrammenōn (V-RPM/P-GNP) -- A primary verb; to grave, especially to write; figuratively, to describe.">recorded</a> <a href="/greek/1722.htm" title="1722: en (Prep) -- In, on, among. A primary preposition denoting position, and instrumentality, i.e. A relation of rest; in, at, on, by, etc.">in</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tois (Art-DNP) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">the</a> <a href="/greek/975.htm" title="975: bibliois (N-DNP) -- A papyrus roll. A diminutive of biblos; a roll.">books.</a> 13The sea gave up its dead, and Death and Hades gave up their dead, and each one was judged according to his deeds.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/daniel/7-10.htm">Daniel 7:10</a> A river of fire was flowing, coming out from His presence. Thousands upon thousands attended Him, and myriads upon myriads stood before Him. The court was convened, and the books were opened. <a href="/matthew/25-31.htm">Matthew 25:31-46</a> When the Son of Man comes in His glory, and all the angels with Him, He will sit on His glorious throne. / All the nations will be gathered before Him, and He will separate the people one from another, as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats. / He will place the sheep on His right and the goats on His left. ... <a href="/romans/2-5.htm">Romans 2:5-6</a> But because of your hard and unrepentant heart, you are storing up wrath against yourself for the day of wrath, when God’s righteous judgment will be revealed. / God “will repay each one according to his deeds.” <a href="/2_corinthians/5-10.htm">2 Corinthians 5:10</a> For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, that each one may receive his due for the things done in the body, whether good or bad. <a href="/john/5-28.htm">John 5:28-29</a> Do not be amazed at this, for the hour is coming when all who are in their graves will hear His voice / and come out—those who have done good to the resurrection of life, and those who have done evil to the resurrection of judgment. <a href="/ecclesiastes/12-14.htm">Ecclesiastes 12:14</a> For God will bring every deed into judgment, along with every hidden thing, whether good or evil. <a href="/psalms/62-12.htm">Psalm 62:12</a> and loving devotion to You, O Lord. For You will repay each man according to his deeds. <a href="/matthew/12-36.htm">Matthew 12:36-37</a> But I tell you that men will give an account on the day of judgment for every careless word they have spoken. / For by your words you will be acquitted, and by your words you will be condemned.” <a href="/luke/10-20.htm">Luke 10:20</a> Nevertheless, do not rejoice that the spirits submit to you, but rejoice that your names are written in heaven.” <a href="/hebrews/9-27.htm">Hebrews 9:27</a> Just as man is appointed to die once, and after that to face judgment, <a href="/1_peter/1-17.htm">1 Peter 1:17</a> Since you call on a Father who judges each one’s work impartially, conduct yourselves in reverent fear during your stay as foreigners. <a href="/acts/17-31.htm">Acts 17:31</a> For He has set a day when He will judge the world with justice by the Man He has appointed. He has given proof of this to everyone by raising Him from the dead.” <a href="/isaiah/26-19.htm">Isaiah 26:19</a> Your dead will live; their bodies will rise. Awake and sing, you who dwell in the dust! For your dew is like the dew of the morning, and the earth will bring forth her dead. <a href="/ezekiel/18-30.htm">Ezekiel 18:30</a> Therefore, O house of Israel, I will judge you, each according to his ways, declares the Lord GOD. Repent and turn from all your transgressions, so that your iniquity will not become your downfall. <a href="/malachi/3-16.htm">Malachi 3:16-18</a> At that time those who feared the LORD spoke with one another, and the LORD listened and heard them. So a scroll of remembrance was written before Him regarding those who feared the LORD and honored His name. / “They will be Mine,” says the LORD of Hosts, “on the day when I prepare My treasured possession. And I will spare them as a man spares his own son who serves him. / So you will again distinguish between the righteous and the wicked, between those who serve God and those who do not.”</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>And I saw the dead, small and great, stand before God; and the books were opened: and another book was opened, which is the book of life: and the dead were judged out of those things which were written in the books, according to their works.I saw.<a href="/revelation/20-11.htm">Revelation 20:11</a> And I saw a great white throne, and him that sat on it, from whose face the earth and the heaven fled away; and there was found no place for them.<a href="/daniel/12-2.htm">Daniel 12:2</a> And many of them that sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to shame and everlasting contempt.<a href="/john/5-28.htm">John 5:28,29</a> Marvel not at this: for the hour is coming, in the which all that are in the graves shall hear his voice, … small.<a href="/revelation/19-5.htm">Revelation 19:5</a> And a voice came out of the throne, saying, Praise our God, all ye his servants, and ye that fear him, both small and great.stand.<a href="/romans/14-10.htm">Romans 14:10-12</a> But why dost thou judge thy brother? or why dost thou set at nought thy brother? for we shall all stand before the judgment seat of Christ… <a href="/1_corinthians/4-5.htm">1 Corinthians 4:5</a> Therefore judge nothing before the time, until the Lord come, who both will bring to light the hidden things of darkness, and will make manifest the counsels of the hearts: and then shall every man have praise of God.<a href="/2_corinthians/5-10.htm">2 Corinthians 5:10</a> For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ; that every one may receive the things done in his body, according to that he hath done, whether it be good or bad.the books.<a href="/daniel/7-10.htm">Daniel 7:10</a> A fiery stream issued and came forth from before him: thousand thousands ministered unto him, and ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him: the judgment was set, and the books were opened.and another.<a href="/revelation/3-5.htm">Revelation 3:5</a> He that overcometh, the same shall be clothed in white raiment; and I will not blot out his name out of the book of life, but I will confess his name before my Father, and before his angels.<a href="/revelation/13-8.htm">Revelation 13:8</a> And all that dwell upon the earth shall worship him, whose names are not written in the book of life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world.<a href="/revelation/17-8.htm">Revelation 17:8</a> The beast that thou sawest was, and is not; and shall ascend out of the bottomless pit, and go into perdition: and they that dwell on the earth shall wonder, whose names were not written in the book of life from the foundation of the world, when they behold the beast that was, and is not, and yet is.according.<a href="/revelation/20-13.htm">Revelation 20:13</a> And the sea gave up the dead which were in it; and death and hell delivered up the dead which were in them: and they were judged every man according to their works.<a href="/revelation/2-23.htm">Revelation 2:23</a> And I will kill her children with death; and all the churches shall know that I am he which searcheth the reins and hearts: and I will give unto every one of you according to your works.<a href="/revelation/22-12.htm">Revelation 22:12</a> And, behold, I come quickly; and my reward is with me, to give every man according as his work shall be.<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/revelation/18-6.htm">Accordance</a> <a href="/revelation/19-9.htm">Book</a> <a href="/2_timothy/4-13.htm">Books</a> <a href="/revelation/20-5.htm">Dead</a> <a href="/revelation/14-3.htm">Front</a> <a href="/revelation/20-11.htm">Great</a> <a href="/revelation/19-2.htm">Judged</a> <a href="/revelation/17-8.htm">Life</a> <a href="/revelation/6-11.htm">Namely</a> <a href="/revelation/19-11.htm">Opened</a> <a href="/revelation/17-8.htm">Recorded</a> <a href="/revelation/19-18.htm">Small</a> <a href="/revelation/18-17.htm">Stand</a> <a href="/revelation/19-17.htm">Standing</a> <a href="/revelation/20-11.htm">Throne</a> <a href="/revelation/18-6.htm">Works</a> <a href="/revelation/19-16.htm">Written</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/revelation/20-13.htm">Accordance</a> <a href="/revelation/20-15.htm">Book</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/25-26.htm">Books</a> <a href="/revelation/20-13.htm">Dead</a> <a href="/genesis/2-14.htm">Front</a> <a href="/revelation/21-3.htm">Great</a> <a href="/revelation/20-13.htm">Judged</a> <a href="/revelation/20-15.htm">Life</a> <a href="/genesis/10-1.htm">Namely</a> <a href="/genesis/3-5.htm">Opened</a> <a href="/revelation/20-15.htm">Recorded</a> <a href="/genesis/1-16.htm">Small</a> <a href="/revelation/21-27.htm">Stand</a> <a href="/genesis/18-2.htm">Standing</a> <a href="/revelation/21-3.htm">Throne</a> <a href="/revelation/20-13.htm">Works</a> <a href="/revelation/20-15.htm">Written</a><div class="vheading2">Revelation 20</div>1. <a href="/revelation/20-1.htm">Satan bound for a thousand years.</a> 6. <a href="/revelation/20-6.htm">The first resurrection;</a> 7. <a href="/revelation/20-7.htm">Satan let loose again.</a> 8. <a href="/revelation/20-8.htm">Gog and Magog.</a> 10. <a href="/revelation/20-10.htm">The demons cast into the lake of fire and brimstone.</a> 11. <a href="/revelation/20-11.htm">The last and general resurrection.</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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This phrase indicates a universal judgment, encompassing all of humanity regardless of status or power. The "great and small" suggests that both influential figures and ordinary individuals are subject to the same divine scrutiny. This scene is set before the throne of God, symbolizing His ultimate authority and justice. The imagery of standing before the throne is reminiscent of courtroom settings, where individuals await judgment. This aligns with <a href="/daniel/7-9.htm">Daniel 7:9-10</a>, where thrones are set in place and books are opened for judgment.And books were opened, The opening of books signifies the revelation of deeds and the transparency of divine judgment. In ancient times, records were meticulously kept on scrolls or tablets, and this imagery suggests a comprehensive account of human actions. The concept of books being opened is also found in <a href="/daniel/7-10.htm">Daniel 7:10</a>, where the court is seated, and books are opened, indicating a formal process of judgment.and one of them was the Book of Life. The Book of Life is a recurring biblical motif representing those who are granted eternal life. It is mentioned in several scriptures, such as <a href="/philippians/4-3.htm">Philippians 4:3</a> and <a href="/revelation/3-5.htm">Revelation 3:5</a>, as a register of the righteous. The presence of the Book of Life among the other books underscores the distinction between those who are saved and those who are not. This book is crucial for determining one's eternal destiny, as only those whose names are written in it are granted access to the New Jerusalem (<a href="/revelation/21-27.htm">Revelation 21:27</a>).And the dead were judged according to their deeds, This phrase emphasizes the principle of divine justice based on individual actions. While salvation is by grace through faith (<a href="/ephesians/2-8.htm">Ephesians 2:8-9</a>), deeds are evidence of one's faith and relationship with God. The judgment according to deeds is consistent with other biblical teachings, such as <a href="/romans/2-6.htm">Romans 2:6</a>, which states that God "will repay each person according to what they have done." This judgment is not about earning salvation but about the accountability of one's life choices.as recorded in the books. The recording of deeds in books suggests a meticulous and fair process of judgment. This imagery assures that nothing is overlooked or forgotten, reinforcing the idea of God's omniscience and justice. The concept of recorded deeds is also seen in <a href="/malachi/3-16.htm">Malachi 3:16</a>, where a scroll of remembrance is written concerning those who fear the Lord. This assures believers that their faithfulness is noted and will be rewarded in the final judgment.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/t/the_dead.htm">The Dead</a> Refers to all people who have died, regardless of their status or achievements in life. This includes both the righteous and the unrighteous. 2. <a href="/topical/t/the_throne.htm">The Throne</a> Symbolizes God's ultimate authority and judgment. It is the place where divine justice is administered. 3. <a href="/topical/t/the_books.htm">The Books</a> These are records of human deeds. They symbolize God's omniscience and the accountability of every individual for their actions. 4. <a href="/topical/t/the_book_of_life.htm">The Book of Life</a> A specific book that contains the names of those who have eternal life through faith in Jesus Christ. It represents salvation and eternal security. 5. <a href="/topical/j/judgment.htm">Judgment</a> The event where all individuals are assessed based on their deeds as recorded in the books, highlighting the fairness and thoroughness of God's judgment.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/t/the_universality_of_judgment.htm">The Universality of Judgment</a> Every person, regardless of status, will stand before God. This underscores the impartiality of God's judgment. <a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_deeds.htm">The Importance of Deeds</a> Our actions have eternal significance. While salvation is by grace through faith, our deeds reflect our faith and will be evaluated. <a href="/topical/t/the_assurance_of_the_book_of_life.htm">The Assurance of the Book of Life</a> Believers can have confidence in their salvation, knowing their names are written in the Book of Life through faith in Christ. <a href="/topical/g/god's_omniscience_and_justice.htm">God's Omniscience and Justice</a> God knows all and will judge fairly. This should encourage us to live righteously and trust in His perfect justice. <a href="/topical/p/preparation_for_judgment.htm">Preparation for Judgment</a> We should live with an eternal perspective, preparing for the day we will stand before God by aligning our lives with His will.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_revelation_20.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Revelation 20</a> <a href="/q/what_is_the_meaning_of_judgment_day.htm">What is the meaning of Judgment Day?</a> <a href="/q/what's_the_great_white_throne_judgment.htm">What is the Great White Throne Judgment about?</a> <a href="/q/what_is_the_lamb's_book_of_life.htm">What is the Lamb's Book of Life?</a> <a href="/q/purpose_of_the_book_of_remembrance.htm">What is the purpose of the Book of Remembrance?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/revelation/20.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(12, 13) And I saw the dead, small and great . . .--Or rather, And I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before (not "God," as in text, but) the throne, and books (or, rolls) were opened; and another book (or, roll) was opened, which is (the book) of life; and the dead were judged out of the things which had been written in the books (or, rolls) according to their works. And the sea gave forth the dead that were in it; and death and Hades gave forth the dead who were in them; and they were judged each according to their works. The latter of these verses is added to assure us that the dead, in whatever quarter, must appear before the judgment throne. Death and Hades--"the grave world," and "the great watery grave"--the sea, "the universal hidden region of the dead," give up its prey; for there is One who sits upon the throne who has the keys of death and Hades (<a href="/revelation/1-18.htm" title="I am he that lives, and was dead; and, behold, I am alive for ever more, Amen; and have the keys of hell and of death.">Revelation 1:18</a>). It has been said by some that the dead here spoken of as coming forth from the grave are not all the dead, but only "the rest of the dead" mentioned in <a href="/revelation/20-5.htm" title="But the rest of the dead lived not again until the thousand years were finished. This is the first resurrection.">Revelation 20:5</a>. Those who believe that the first resurrection there mentioned is a literal physical resurrection are compelled to limit the resurrection here to the resurrection only of the remainder of the dead. But the verses before us suggest no limitation, and the language most assuredly tends to the idea that saints and faithful servants of God take part in this later resurrection. If all the saints and righteous men of old are raised prior to the millennium, and take no part in this last judgment scene, then only the faithless and wicked are left to be judged before the great white throne, and as none of these can be found written in the book of life, the bringing forth of that book becomes meaningless. This is one result of vicious literalism of interpretations. The real significance of the scene lies in the vivid picturing of that great and solemn truth that we must all stand before the judgment-seat of Christ, and that before Him there is nothing hidden which shall not be revealed (<a href="/matthew/10-26.htm" title="Fear them not therefore: for there is nothing covered, that shall not be revealed; and hid, that shall not be known.">Matthew 10:26</a>; comp. <a href="/1_corinthians/4-5.htm" title="Therefore judge nothing before the time, until the Lord come, who both will bring to light the hidden things of darkness, and will make manifest the counsels of the hearts: and then shall every man have praise of God.">1Corinthians 4:5</a>). Then shall every human life appear in its true light. stripped of all the deceptive adornments which have given a fictitious respectability to ingenious fraud, and a fatal popularity to adroit wickedness and splendid vice. Then shall men be judged, not by rank, or success, or achievement, but according to their works, as it is twice stated here, and according to whether they have any life towards God. The works and the life towards God must be combined. A man may have, from the activities of his Christian works, a name to live, and yet be dead: the life-book and the workbook combine to mark the real servant of Christ. If he labours more abundantly than all, it is Christ who works in him, for his life is a life by the faith of the Son of God. (Comp. <a href="/galatians/2-20.htm" title="I am crucified with Christ: nevertheless I live; yet not I, but Christ lives in me: and the life which I now live in the flesh I live by the faith of the Son of God, who loved me, and gave himself for me.">Galatians 2:20</a>; <a href="/1_corinthians/15-10.htm" title="But by the grace of God I am what I am: and his grace which was bestowed on me was not in vain; but I labored more abundantly than they all: yet not I, but the grace of God which was with me.">1Corinthians 15:10</a>; <a href="/context/james/2-14.htm" title="What does it profit, my brothers, though a man say he has faith, and have not works? can faith save him?">James 2:14-26</a>.) . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/revelation/20.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 12. - And I saw (see on ver. 11) the dead, small and great, stand before God; the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne. All the dead, good and bad, as in <a href="/matthew/25-31.htm">Matthew 25:31-33</a>. This is the general resurrection; what St. John might have called the second resurrection, with regard to the godly, who have once before risen to a life with Christ (see on ver. 5). Now, those who would not voluntarily share in the first resurrection are compelled to share in the second. And the books were opened. Omit the article (cf. the description in <a href="/daniel/7-10.htm">Daniel 7:10</a>). And another book was opened, which is the book of life. This book has been frequently referred to (<a href="/revelation/3-5.htm">Revelation 3:5</a>; <a href="/revelation/13-8.htm">Revelation 13:8</a>; <a href="/revelation/17-8.htm">Revelation 17:8</a>). The idea is not uncommon throughout the Bible (cf. <a href="/psalms/69-28.htm">Psalm 69:28</a>; <a href="/daniel/12-1.htm">Daniel 12:1</a>; <a href="/luke/10-20.htm">Luke 10:20</a>). And the dead were judged out of those things which were written in the books, according to their works. Both the godly and the ungodly. "The books" show fully why certain names are selected and inscribed in the "book of life." Here is enforced again the lesson with which the Apocalypse opens in the epistles to the seven Churches, viz. that the reward will follow according to the works (cf. <a href="/revelation/2-5.htm">Revelation 2:5</a>; <a href="/revelation/3-15.htm">Revelation 3:15</a>, etc.). <a href="/commentaries/revelation/20-12.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Greek</div>And καὶ (kai) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_2532.htm">Strong's 2532: </a> And, even, also, namely. I saw εἶδον (eidon) Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_3708.htm">Strong's 3708: </a> Properly, to stare at, i.e. to discern clearly; by extension, to attend to; by Hebraism, to experience; passively, to appear. the τοὺς (tous) Article - Accusative Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the. dead, νεκρούς (nekrous) Adjective - Accusative Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3498.htm">Strong's 3498: </a> (a) adj: dead, lifeless, subject to death, mortal, (b) noun: a dead body, a corpse. From an apparently primary nekus; dead. great μεγάλους (megalous) Adjective - Accusative Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3173.htm">Strong's 3173: </a> Large, great, in the widest sense. and καὶ (kai) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_2532.htm">Strong's 2532: </a> And, even, also, namely. small, μικρούς (mikrous) Adjective - Accusative Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3398.htm">Strong's 3398: </a> Little, small. Including the comparative mikroteros apparently a primary word; small (figuratively) dignity). standing ἑστῶτας (hestōtas) Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Accusative Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_2476.htm">Strong's 2476: </a> A prolonged form of a primary stao stah'-o; to stand, used in various applications. before ἐνώπιον (enōpion) Preposition <a href="/greek/strongs_1799.htm">Strong's 1799: </a> Neuter of a compound of en and a derivative of optanomai; in the face of. the τοῦ (tou) Article - Genitive Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the. throne. θρόνου (thronou) Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_2362.htm">Strong's 2362: </a> From thrao; a stately seat; by implication, power or a potentate. And καὶ (kai) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_2532.htm">Strong's 2532: </a> And, even, also, namely. there were open ἠνοίχθησαν (ēnoichthēsan) Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_455.htm">Strong's 455: </a> To open. From ana and oigo; to open up. books, βιβλία (biblia) Noun - Nominative Neuter Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_975.htm">Strong's 975: </a> A papyrus roll. A diminutive of biblos; a roll. [and] Καὶ (Kai) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_2532.htm">Strong's 2532: </a> And, even, also, namely. one of ἄλλο (allo) Adjective - Nominative Neuter Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_243.htm">Strong's 243: </a> Other, another (of more than two), different. A primary word; 'else, ' i.e. Different. [them] βιβλίον (biblion) Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_975.htm">Strong's 975: </a> A papyrus roll. A diminutive of biblos; a roll. [was] ἠνοίχθη (ēnoichthē) Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_455.htm">Strong's 455: </a> To open. From ana and oigo; to open up. the [book] τῆς (tēs) Article - Genitive Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the. of life. ζωῆς (zōēs) Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_2222.htm">Strong's 2222: </a> Life, both of physical (present) and of spiritual (particularly future) existence. From zao; life. And καὶ (kai) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_2532.htm">Strong's 2532: </a> And, even, also, namely. the οἱ (hoi) Article - Nominative Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the. dead νεκροὶ (nekroi) Adjective - Nominative Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3498.htm">Strong's 3498: </a> (a) adj: dead, lifeless, subject to death, mortal, (b) noun: a dead body, a corpse. From an apparently primary nekus; dead. were judged ἐκρίθησαν (ekrithēsan) Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_2919.htm">Strong's 2919: </a> Properly, to distinguish, i.e. Decide; by implication, to try, condemn, punish. according to κατὰ (kata) Preposition <a href="/greek/strongs_2596.htm">Strong's 2596: </a> A primary particle; down, in varied relations (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined). their αὐτῶν (autōn) Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_846.htm">Strong's 846: </a> He, she, it, they, them, same. From the particle au; the reflexive pronoun self, used of the third person, and of the other persons. deeds, ἔργα (erga) Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_2041.htm">Strong's 2041: </a> From a primary ergo; toil; by implication, an act. as ἐκ (ek) Preposition <a href="/greek/strongs_1537.htm">Strong's 1537: </a> From out, out from among, from, suggesting from the interior outwards. A primary preposition denoting origin, from, out. recorded γεγραμμένων (gegrammenōn) Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Genitive Neuter Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_1125.htm">Strong's 1125: </a> A primary verb; to 'grave', especially to write; figuratively, to describe. in ἐν (en) Preposition <a href="/greek/strongs_1722.htm">Strong's 1722: </a> In, on, among. A primary preposition denoting position, and instrumentality, i.e. A relation of rest; 'in, ' at, on, by, etc. the τοῖς (tois) Article - Dative Neuter Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the. books. βιβλίοις (bibliois) Noun - Dative Neuter Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_975.htm">Strong's 975: </a> A papyrus roll. A diminutive of biblos; a roll. <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/revelation/20-12.htm">Revelation 20:12 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/revelation/20-12.htm">Revelation 20:12 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/revelation/20-12.htm">Revelation 20:12 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/revelation/20-12.htm">Revelation 20:12 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/revelation/20-12.htm">Revelation 20:12 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/revelation/20-12.htm">Revelation 20:12 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/revelation/20-12.htm">Revelation 20:12 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/revelation/20-12.htm">Revelation 20:12 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/revelation/20-12.htm">Revelation 20:12 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/revelation/20-12.htm">Revelation 20:12 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/revelation/20-12.htm">NT Prophecy: Revelation 20:12 I saw the dead the great (Rev. 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