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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">WWII German submarine formation</div> <p><b>Rösing's wolfpack</b> was a formation of <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Kriegsmarine" title="Kriegsmarine">Kriegsmarine</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, a "<a href="/wiki/Wolfpack_(naval_tactic)" title="Wolfpack (naval tactic)">wolfpack</a>" of <a href="/wiki/U-boat" title="U-boat">U-boats</a> that operated during the early stages of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Atlantic" title="Battle of the Atlantic">Battle of the Atlantic</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%B6sing%27s_wolfpack&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rösing's wolfpack was an early attempt by the <i><a href="/wiki/Kriegsmarine" title="Kriegsmarine">Kriegsmarine</a></i> during World War II in its wolfpack tactic against Allied <a href="/wiki/Convoy" title="Convoy">convoys</a>. Its operations were in June 1940, at the beginning of the "Happy Time", when the <a href="/wiki/U-boat_Arm" class="mw-redirect" title="U-boat Arm">U-boat Arm</a> renewed its offensive in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Atlantic" title="Battle of the Atlantic">Atlantic campaign</a>. The name "Rösing" was unofficial, taken from that of its commander, <a href="/wiki/Hans-Rudolf_R%C3%B6sing" title="Hans-Rudolf Rösing">Hans-Rudolf Rösing</a>. Unlike later packs which had specific code names this formation was left without an official designation. </p><p>In June 1940 U-boat Command (<a href="/wiki/BdU" class="mw-redirect" title="BdU">BdU</a>) received intelligence that a large troop convoy would be passing through the mid-Atlantic to Britain.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The convoy, designated US 3, would comprise seven troopships, including <a href="/wiki/RMS_Queen_Mary" title="RMS Queen Mary">RMS <i>Queen Mary</i></a> and would be transporting some 25,000 Australian and New Zealand troops. It was decided to form a patrol line off the coast of Spain, in order to mount a wolf pack attack on the convoy. To this end three U-boats already on station, and two others sent as reinforcement, would concentrate of <a href="/wiki/Cape_Finisterre" title="Cape Finisterre">Cape Finisterre</a> in Spain. The group would be under the command of <i><a href="/wiki/K.Kapt." class="mw-redirect" title="K.Kapt.">K.Kapt.</a></i> Rösing, <a href="/wiki/7th_U-boat_Flotilla" title="7th U-boat Flotilla">7th</a> ("Wegener's") flotilla commander. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operations">Operations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%B6sing%27s_wolfpack&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The two boats dispatched from Germany were <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-46_(1938)" title="German submarine U-46 (1938)"><i>U-46</i></a>, under <a href="/wiki/Engelbert_Endrass" title="Engelbert Endrass">Endrass</a>, and <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-48_(1939)" title="German submarine U-48 (1939)"><i>U-48</i></a> under Rösing. They would join <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-29_(1936)" title="German submarine U-29 (1936)"><i>U-29</i></a> (<a href="/wiki/Otto_Schuhart" title="Otto Schuhart">Schuhart</a>), <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-43_(1939)" title="German submarine U-43 (1939)"><i>U-43</i></a> (Ambrosius) and <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-101_(1940)" title="German submarine U-101 (1940)"><i>U-101</i></a> (<a href="/wiki/Fritz_Frauenheim" title="Fritz Frauenheim">Frauenheim</a>), which were already in mid-Atlantic. </p><p>All five boats met with success while moving into position. <i>U-46</i> was able to intercept and sink three ships, sailing alone and unescorted; she also sank the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Merchant_Cruiser" class="mw-redirect" title="Armed Merchant Cruiser">AMC</a> <a href="/wiki/RMS_Carinthia_(1925)" title="RMS Carinthia (1925)">RMS <i>Carinthia</i></a>. <i>U 48</i> sank three ships in transit, while in the south <i>U-101</i> also sank three ships. </p><p>By 14 June all five boats were in position, but the Allies, suspecting U-boat activity in the area, re-routed the convoy to the west, so that it passed around the packs position. By 17 June it was clear the convoy had escaped, and the pack was dissolved. All boats then proceeded to patrol independently.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before returning to base <i>U-46</i> sank one more ship and attacked <a href="/wiki/HMS_Ark_Royal_(91)" title="HMS Ark Royal (91)">HMS <i>Ark Royal</i></a>, though this was unsuccessful. <i>U-48</i> sank four more ships, for a total of seven (37,425 <a href="/wiki/Gross_register_tonnage" title="Gross register tonnage">GRT</a>), <i>U-101</i> sank three more, including the passenger ship <i>Wellington Star</i>, for a total of seven (42,026 GRT). All U-boats returned to base safely. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%B6sing%27s_wolfpack&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sailing independently, the five boats of Rösing's pack achieved great success, sinking a total of 27 ships. However, as a wolfpack, operating as a group to intercept and destroy a convoy of ships, it failed in its intent. The failure underlined the difficulties of operating a wolf pack under local control at sea; henceforth <a href="/wiki/BdU" class="mw-redirect" title="BdU">BdU</a> determined to exercise close control from its headquarters, newly established at <a href="/wiki/Lorient" title="Lorient">Lorient</a> in occupied France </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U-boats_involved">U-boats involved</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%B6sing%27s_wolfpack&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: U-boats involved"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-29_(1936)" title="German submarine U-29 (1936)"><i>U-29</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-43_(1939)" title="German submarine U-43 (1939)"><i>U-43</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-46_(1938)" title="German submarine U-46 (1938)"><i>U-46</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-48_(1939)" title="German submarine U-48 (1939)"><i>U-48</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-101_(1940)" title="German submarine U-101 (1940)"><i>U-101</i></a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%B6sing%27s_wolfpack&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hartmann%27s_wolfpack" title="Hartmann's wolfpack">Hartmann's wolfpack</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%B6sing%27s_wolfpack&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Blair p169</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Blair p169</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%B6sing%27s_wolfpack&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBlair2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Clay_Blair" title="Clay Blair">Blair, Clay</a> (2000). <i>Hitler's U-Boat War: The Hunters 1939–1942</i>. London: Cassell. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-304-35260-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-304-35260-8"><bdi>0-304-35260-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hitler%27s+U-Boat+War%3A+The+Hunters+1939%E2%80%931942&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Cassell&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-304-35260-8&rft.aulast=Blair&rft.aufirst=Clay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR%C3%B6sing%27s+wolfpack" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Jak P M Showell <i>U-Boat Warfare: The Evolution of the Wolf-Pack</i> (2002) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7110-2887-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-7110-2887-7">0-7110-2887-7</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%B6sing%27s_wolfpack&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHelgason" class="citation web cs1">Helgason, Guðmundur. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080527062223/http://uboat.net/ops/wolfpacks/index.html?id=2">"Rosing's wolfpack"</a>. <i>German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uboat.net/ops/wolfpacks/index.html?id=2">the original</a> on 2008-05-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-06-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=German+U-boats+of+WWII+-+uboat.net&rft.atitle=Rosing%27s+wolfpack&rft.aulast=Helgason&rft.aufirst=Gu%C3%B0mundur&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuboat.net%2Fops%2Fwolfpacks%2Findex.html%3Fid%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR%C3%B6sing%27s+wolfpack" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rösing%27s_wolfpack&oldid=1178551472">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rösing%27s_wolfpack&oldid=1178551472</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wolfpacks_of_1940" title="Category:Wolfpacks of 1940">Wolfpacks of 1940</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_establishments_in_Germany" title="Category:1940 establishments in Germany">1940 establishments in Germany</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 4 October 2023, at 11:05<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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