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United States District Court for the District of North Dakota - Wikipedia
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style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">46.80889; -100.78833</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">United States federal district court of North Dakota</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output 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class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a list of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#General_references" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">general references</a>, but <b>it lacks sufficient corresponding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Reliability">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary">United States District Court for the District of North Dakota</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">(D.N.D.)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_USA_ND.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Map_of_USA_ND.svg/150px-Map_of_USA_ND.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Map_of_USA_ND.svg/225px-Map_of_USA_ND.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Map_of_USA_ND.svg/300px-Map_of_USA_ND.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="186" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bismarck,_North_Dakota" title="Bismarck, North Dakota">Bismarck</a><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style=""><i><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">More locations</span></i></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fargo,_North_Dakota" title="Fargo, North Dakota">Fargo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_M._Van_Sickle_Federal_Building_and_U.S._Courthouse" title="Bruce M. Van Sickle Federal Building and U.S. Courthouse">Bruce M. Van Sickle Federal Building and U.S. Courthouse</a><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r996643573">.mw-parser-output .block-indent{padding-left:3em;padding-right:0;overflow:hidden}</style><div class="block-indent" style="padding-left: 1em;">(<a href="/wiki/Minot,_North_Dakota" title="Minot, North Dakota">Minot</a>)</div></li><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Forks,_North_Dakota" title="Grand Forks, North Dakota">Grand Forks</a></li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Appeals to</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eighth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit">Eighth Circuit</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">November 2, 1889</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Judges</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Chief_judge_(United_States)" title="Chief judge (United States)">Chief Judge</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Peter_D._Welte" title="Peter D. Welte">Peter D. Welte</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Officers of the court</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney" title="United States Attorney">U.S. Attorney</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mac_Schneider" title="Mac Schneider">Mac Schneider</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marshals_Service" title="United States Marshals Service">U.S. Marshal</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dallas_L._Carlson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dallas L. Carlson (page does not exist)">Dallas L. Carlson</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ndd.uscourts.gov/">www<wbr />.ndd<wbr />.uscourts<wbr />.gov</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>United States District Court for the District of North Dakota</b> (in <a href="/wiki/Case_citations" class="mw-redirect" title="Case citations">case citations</a>, <b>D.N.D.</b>) is the United States District Court or the Federal district court, whose jurisdiction is the state of <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a>. The court is headquartered out of <a href="/wiki/Bismarck,_North_Dakota" title="Bismarck, North Dakota">Bismarck</a> at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_L._Guy_Federal_Building&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William L. Guy Federal Building (page does not exist)">William L. Guy Federal Building</a> and has additional locations at <a href="/wiki/Fargo,_North_Dakota" title="Fargo, North Dakota">Fargo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grand_Forks,_North_Dakota" title="Grand Forks, North Dakota">Grand Forks</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bruce_M._Van_Sickle_Federal_Building_and_U.S._Courthouse" title="Bruce M. Van Sickle Federal Building and U.S. Courthouse">Minot</a>. Appeals from the Court are heard by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eighth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit</a> (except for <a href="/wiki/Patent" title="Patent">patent</a> claims and claims against the U.S. government under the <a href="/wiki/Tucker_Act" title="Tucker Act">Tucker Act</a>, which are appealed to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Federal_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit">Federal Circuit</a>). </p><p>The district was created in 1889, when the <a href="/wiki/Dakota_Territory" title="Dakota Territory">Dakota Territory</a> was divided into North Dakota and <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a>. The Grand Forks courts are located at the <a href="/wiki/Ronald_N._Davies_Federal_Building_and_U.S._Courthouse" title="Ronald N. Davies Federal Building and U.S. Courthouse">Ronald N. Davies Federal Building and U.S. Courthouse</a>. In 1921, a second temporary judgeship was authorized, however, this was never made permanent and the judgeship expired in 1928. In 1954, a second permanent judgeship was authorized, and the strength of the court has remained unchanged since. </p><p>The United States Attorney's Office for the District of North Dakota represents the United States in civil and criminal litigation in the court. As of December 12, 2022<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_North_Dakota&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the <b>United States attorney for the District of North Dakota</b> is <a href="/wiki/Mac_Schneider" title="Mac Schneider">Mac Schneider</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_judges">Current judges</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_North_Dakota&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Current judges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of January 13, 2020<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_North_Dakota&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>: </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="clear:left"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <th data-sort-type="number" rowspan="2"># </th> <th rowspan="2">Title </th> <th rowspan="2">Judge </th> <th rowspan="2">Duty station </th> <th rowspan="2">Born </th> <th colspan="3">Term of service </th> <th rowspan="2">Appointed by </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <th>Active </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Chief_judge_(United_States)" title="Chief judge (United States)">Chief</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Senior_status" title="Senior status">Senior</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right;">13 </td> <td>Chief Judge </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_D._Welte" title="Peter D. Welte">Peter D. Welte</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fargo,_North_Dakota" title="Fargo, North Dakota">Fargo</a> </td> <td>1965 </td> <td>2019–present </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2019–present </td> <td style="text-align:center;">— </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump">Trump</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right;">14 </td> <td>District Judge </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Daniel_M._Traynor" title="Daniel M. Traynor">Daniel M. Traynor</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bismarck,_North_Dakota" title="Bismarck, North Dakota">Bismarck</a> </td> <td>1970 </td> <td>2020–present </td> <td style="text-align:center;">— </td> <td style="text-align:center;">— </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump">Trump</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right;">9 </td> <td>Senior Judge </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Anthony_Conmy" title="Patrick Anthony Conmy">Patrick Anthony Conmy</a> </td> <td><i>inactive</i> </td> <td>1934 </td> <td>1985–2000 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1985–1992 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2000–present </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Ronald_Reagan" title="List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right;">11 </td> <td>Senior Judge </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Daniel_L._Hovland" title="Daniel L. Hovland">Daniel L. Hovland</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bismarck,_North_Dakota" title="Bismarck, North Dakota">Bismarck</a> </td> <td>1954 </td> <td>2002–2019 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2002–2009<br />2016–2019 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2019–present </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_George_W._Bush" title="List of federal judges appointed by George W. Bush">G.W. Bush</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Former_judges">Former judges</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_North_Dakota&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Former judges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="clear: both"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <th># </th> <th>Judge </th> <th>State </th> <th>Born–died </th> <th>Active service </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Chief_judge_(United_States)" title="Chief judge (United States)">Chief Judge</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Senior_status" title="Senior status">Senior status</a> </th> <th>Appointed by </th> <th>Reason for<br />termination </th></tr> <tr style="background:{{{rowcolor}}};"> <td>1 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><span data-sort-value="Thomas, Alfred Delavan"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Delavan_Thomas" title="Alfred Delavan Thomas">Alfred Delavan Thomas</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">ND</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1837–1896 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1890–1896 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">— </td> <td style="text-align:center;">— </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Harrison, B."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Benjamin_Harrison" title="List of federal judges appointed by Benjamin Harrison">B. Harrison</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">death </td></tr> <tr style="background:{{{rowcolor}}};"> <td>2 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><span data-sort-value="Amidon, Charles Fremont"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fremont_Amidon" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Fremont Amidon">Charles Fremont Amidon</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">ND</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1856–1937 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1896–1928<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">— </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1928–1937 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Cleveland,"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Grover_Cleveland" title="List of federal judges appointed by Grover Cleveland"> Cleveland</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">death </td></tr> <tr style="background:{{{rowcolor}}};"> <td>3 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><span data-sort-value="Miller, Andrew"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Miller_(North_Dakota_judge)" title="Andrew Miller (North Dakota judge)">Andrew Miller</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">ND</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1870–1960 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1922–1941 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">— </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1941–1960 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Harding,"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Warren_G._Harding" title="List of federal judges appointed by Warren G. Harding"> Harding</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">death </td></tr> <tr style="background:{{{rowcolor}}};"> <td>4 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><span data-sort-value="Vogel, Charles Joseph"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Joseph_Vogel" title="Charles Joseph Vogel">Charles Joseph Vogel</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">ND</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1898–1980 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1941–1954 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1954 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">— </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Roosevelt, F."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="List of federal judges appointed by Franklin D. Roosevelt">F. Roosevelt</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">elevation to <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eighth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit">8th Cir.</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background:{{{rowcolor}}};"> <td>5 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><span data-sort-value="Davies, Ronald"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Davies_(judge)" title="Ronald Davies (judge)">Ronald Davies</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">ND</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1904–1996 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1955–1971 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">— </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1971–1996 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Eisenhower,"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="List of federal judges appointed by Dwight D. Eisenhower"> Eisenhower</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">death </td></tr> <tr style="background:{{{rowcolor}}};"> <td>6 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><span data-sort-value="Register, George Scott"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/George_Scott_Register" title="George Scott Register">George Scott Register</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">ND</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1901–1972 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1955–1971 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1955–1971 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1971–1972 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Eisenhower,"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="List of federal judges appointed by Dwight D. Eisenhower"> Eisenhower</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">death </td></tr> <tr style="background:{{{rowcolor}}};"> <td>7 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><span data-sort-value="Benson, Paul"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Benson_(judge)" title="Paul Benson (judge)">Paul Benson</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">ND</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1918–2004 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1971–1985 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1971–1985 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1985–2004 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Nixon,"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Richard_Nixon" title="List of federal judges appointed by Richard Nixon"> Nixon</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">death </td></tr> <tr style="background:{{{rowcolor}}};"> <td>8 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><span data-sort-value="Van Sickle, Bruce"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Van_Sickle" title="Bruce Van Sickle">Bruce Van Sickle</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">ND</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1917–2007 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1971–1985 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">— </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1985–2007 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Nixon,"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Richard_Nixon" title="List of federal judges appointed by Richard Nixon"> Nixon</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">death </td></tr> <tr style="background:{{{rowcolor}}};"> <td>10 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><span data-sort-value="Webb, Rodney Scott"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Rodney_Scott_Webb" title="Rodney Scott Webb">Rodney Scott Webb</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">ND</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1935–2009 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1987–2001 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1993–2001 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2001–2009 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Reagan,"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Ronald_Reagan" title="List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan"> Reagan</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">death </td></tr> <tr style="background:{{{rowcolor}}};"> <td>12 </td> <td style="text-align:left;"><span data-sort-value="Erickson, Ralph R."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_R._Erickson" title="Ralph R. Erickson">Ralph R. Erickson</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">ND</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1959–present </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2003–2017 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2009–2016 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">— </td> <td><span data-sort-value="Bush, G.W."><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_George_W._Bush" title="List of federal judges appointed by George W. Bush">G.W. Bush</a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:left;">elevation to <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eighth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit">8th Cir.</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Recess_appointment" title="Recess appointment">Recess appointment</a>; formally nominated on December 8, 1896, confirmed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a> on February 18, 1897, and received commission the same day.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chief_judges">Chief judges</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_North_Dakota&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Chief judges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chief judges have administrative responsibilities with respect to their district court. Unlike the Supreme Court, where one justice is specifically nominated to be chief, the office of chief judge rotates among the district court judges. To be chief, a judge must have been in active service on the court for at least one year, be under the age of 65, and have not previously served as chief judge. </p><p>A vacancy is filled by the judge highest in seniority among the group of qualified judges. The chief judge serves for a term of seven years, or until age 70, whichever occurs first. The age restrictions are waived if no members of the court would otherwise be qualified for the position. </p><p>When the office was created in 1948, the chief judge was the longest-serving judge who had not elected to retire, on what has since 1958 been known as <a href="/wiki/Senior_status" title="Senior status">senior status</a>, or declined to serve as chief judge. After August 6, 1959, judges could not become or remain chief after turning 70 years old. The current rules have been in operation since October 1, 1982. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Succession_of_seats">Succession of seats</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_North_Dakota&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Succession of seats"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#999999;" width="200">Seat 1 </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#999999;">Seat established on November 2, 1889 by 25 Stat. 676 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Delavan_Thomas" title="Alfred Delavan Thomas">Thomas</a></td> <td>1890–1896 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fremont_Amidon" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Fremont Amidon">Amidon</a></td> <td>1897–1928 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#999999;">Seat abolished on June 2, 1928 (temporary judgeship expired) </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break"> <table class="wikitable" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4" align="center" style="background:#ffdead;" width="200">Seat 2 </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background:#ffdead;">Seat established on June 25, 1921 by 42 Stat. 66 (temporary) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background:#ffdead;">Seat became permanent upon the abolition of Seat 1 on June 2, 1928 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Miller_(North_Dakota_judge)" title="Andrew Miller (North Dakota judge)">Miller</a></td> <td>1922–1941 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Joseph_Vogel" title="Charles Joseph Vogel">Vogel</a></td> <td>1941–1954 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Davies_(judge)" title="Ronald Davies (judge)">Davies</a></td> <td>1955–1971 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Benson_(judge)" title="Paul Benson (judge)">Benson</a></td> <td>1971–1985 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rodney_Scott_Webb" title="Rodney Scott Webb">Webb</a></td> <td>1987–2001 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ralph_R._Erickson" title="Ralph R. Erickson">Erickson</a></td> <td>2003–2017 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Peter_D._Welte" title="Peter D. Welte">Welte</a></b></td> <td>2019–present </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break"> <table class="wikitable" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4" align="center" style="background:#ffdead;" width="200">Seat 3 </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background:#ffdead;">Seat established on February 10, 1954 by 68 Stat. 8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Scott_Register" title="George Scott Register">Register</a></td> <td>1955–1971 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Van_Sickle" title="Bruce Van Sickle">Van Sickle</a></td> <td>1971–1985 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Anthony_Conmy" title="Patrick Anthony Conmy">Conmy</a></td> <td>1985–2000 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Daniel_L._Hovland" title="Daniel L. Hovland">Hovland</a></td> <td>2002–2019 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Daniel_M._Traynor" title="Daniel M. Traynor">Traynor</a></b></td> <td>2020–present </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break"> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_North_Dakota&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Courts_of_North_Dakota" title="Courts of North Dakota">Courts of North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_district_judges" title="List of current United States district judges">List of current United States district judges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_federal_courthouses_in_North_Dakota" title="List of United States federal courthouses in North Dakota">List of United States federal courthouses in North Dakota</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_North_Dakota&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_North_Dakota&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ndd.uscourts.gov">United States District Court for the District of North Dakota Official Website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usdoj.gov/usao/nd/">United States Attorney for the District of North Dakota Official Website</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_8th_Circuit_district_judges" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States 8th Circuit district judges"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Active_district_judges_of_the_Eighth_Circuit_Court_of_Appeals" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Active district judges of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eighth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit">Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Arkansas" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas">E. Arkansas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Kristine_Baker" title="Kristine Baker">Baker</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_S._Miller" title="Brian S. Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._Price_Marshall_Jr." title="D. Price Marshall Jr.">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_M._Moody_Jr." title="James M. Moody Jr.">Moody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Rudofsky" title="Lee Rudofsky">Rudofsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Arkansas" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas">W. Arkansas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Susan_O._Hickey" title="Susan O. Hickey">Hickey</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_L._Brooks" title="Timothy L. Brooks">Brooks</a></li> <li><i>1 seat vacant</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Iowa" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Iowa">N. Iowa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/C._J._Williams_(judge)" title="C. J. Williams (judge)">Williams</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_T._Strand" title="Leonard T. Strand">Strand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Iowa" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Iowa">S. Iowa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Stephanie_M._Rose" title="Stephanie M. Rose">Rose</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Goodgame_Ebinger" title="Rebecca Goodgame Ebinger">Ebinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_H._Locher" title="Stephen H. Locher">Locher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Minnesota" title="United States District Court for the District of Minnesota">Minnesota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Patrick_J._Schiltz" title="Patrick J. Schiltz">Schiltz</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_C._Tostrud" title="Eric C. Tostrud">Tostrud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_E._Brasel" title="Nancy E. Brasel">Brasel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_M._Menendez" title="Katherine M. Menendez">Menendez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_W._Blackwell" title="Jerry W. Blackwell">Blackwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Bryan" title="Jeffrey Bryan">Bryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Provinzino" title="Laura Provinzino">Provinzino</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Missouri" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri">E. Missouri</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Stephen_R._Clark" title="Stephen R. Clark">Clark</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Autrey" title="Henry Autrey">Autrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_C._Wimes" title="Brian C. Wimes">Wimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Pitlyk" title="Sarah Pitlyk">Pitlyk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_T._Schelp" title="Matthew T. Schelp">Schelp</a></li> <li><i>4 seats vacant</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Missouri" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri">W. Missouri</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Beth_Phillips" title="Beth Phillips">Phillips</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Gregory_Kays" title="David Gregory Kays">Kays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_C._Wimes" title="Brian C. Wimes">Wimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Douglas_Harpool" title="M. Douglas Harpool">Harpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_R._Bough" title="Stephen R. Bough">Bough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roseann_A._Ketchmark" title="Roseann A. Ketchmark">Ketchmark</a></li> <li><i>1 seat vacant</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Nebraska" title="United States District Court for the District of Nebraska">Nebraska</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Rossiter_Jr." title="Robert F. Rossiter Jr.">Rossiter</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_C._Buescher" title="Brian C. Buescher">Buescher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_M._Bazis" title="Susan M. Bazis">Bazis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">North Dakota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Peter_D._Welte" title="Peter D. Welte">Welte</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_M._Traynor" title="Daniel M. Traynor">Traynor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_South_Dakota" title="United States District Court for the District of South Dakota">South Dakota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Lange" title="Roberto Lange">Lange</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Schulte" title="Eric Schulte">Schulte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camela_C._Theeler" title="Camela C. Theeler">Theeler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Senior_district_judges_of_the_Eighth_Circuit_Court_of_Appeals" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_8th_Circuit_senior_district_judges" title="Template:United States 8th Circuit senior district judges"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_8th_Circuit_senior_district_judges" title="Template talk:United States 8th Circuit senior district judges"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_8th_Circuit_senior_district_judges" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States 8th Circuit senior district judges"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Senior_district_judges_of_the_Eighth_Circuit_Court_of_Appeals" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Senior district judges of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eighth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit">Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Arkansas" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas">E. Arkansas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Webber_Wright" title="Susan Webber Wright">Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Roy_Wilson" title="Billy Roy Wilson">Wilson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Arkansas" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas">W. Arkansas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimm_Larry_Hendren" title="Jimm Larry Hendren">Hendren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_T._Dawson" title="Robert T. Dawson">Dawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_K._Holmes_III" title="Paul K. Holmes III">Holmes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Iowa" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Iowa">N. Iowa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linda_R._Reade" title="Linda R. Reade">Reade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Iowa" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Iowa">S. Iowa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Earl_Longstaff" title="Ronald Earl Longstaff">Longstaff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Pratt" title="Robert W. Pratt">Pratt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_E._Gritzner" title="James E. Gritzner">Gritzner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Minnesota" title="United States District Court for the District of Minnesota">Minnesota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Alsop" title="Donald Alsop">Alsop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_A._Magnuson" title="Paul A. Magnuson">Magnuson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_S._Doty" title="David S. Doty">Doty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_J._Davis" title="Michael J. Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Tunheim" title="John R. Tunheim">Tunheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_D._Montgomery" title="Ann D. Montgomery">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donovan_W._Frank" title="Donovan W. Frank">Frank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_N._Ericksen" title="Joan N. Ericksen">Ericksen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Richard_Nelson" title="Susan Richard Nelson">Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelmina_Wright" title="Wilhelmina Wright">Wright</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Missouri" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri">E. Missouri</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Louis_Filippine" title="Edward Louis Filippine">Filippine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Constance_Hamilton" title="Jean Constance Hamilton">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_D._Perry" title="Catherine D. Perry">Perry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._Richard_Webber" title="E. Richard Webber">Webber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanette_Kay_Laughrey" title="Nanette Kay Laughrey">Laughrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodney_W._Sippel" title="Rodney W. Sippel">Sippel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_N._Limbaugh_Jr." title="Stephen N. Limbaugh Jr.">Limbaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audrey_G._Fleissig" title="Audrey G. Fleissig">Fleissig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Andrew_Ross" title="John Andrew Ross">Ross</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Missouri" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri">W. Missouri</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Howard_F._Sachs" title="Howard F. Sachs">Sachs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Whipple" title="Dean Whipple">Whipple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_J._Gaitan_Jr." title="Fernando J. Gaitan Jr.">Gaitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ortrie_D._Smith" title="Ortrie D. Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_A._Fenner" title="Gary A. Fenner">Fenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanette_Kay_Laughrey" title="Nanette Kay Laughrey">Laughrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodney_W._Sippel" title="Rodney W. Sippel">Sippel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Nebraska" title="United States District Court for the District of Nebraska">Nebraska</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_G._Kopf" title="Richard G. Kopf">Kopf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bataillon" title="Joseph Bataillon">Bataillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Gerrard" title="John M. Gerrard">Gerrard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">North Dakota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Anthony_Conmy" title="Patrick Anthony Conmy">Conmy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_L._Hovland" title="Daniel L. Hovland">Hovland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_South_Dakota" title="United States District Court for the District of South Dakota">South Dakota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_L._Piersol" title="Lawrence L. Piersol">Piersol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_B._Kornmann" title="Charles B. Kornmann">Kornmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Schreier" title="Karen Schreier">Schreier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_federal_courts" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_federal_courts" title="Template:United States federal courts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_federal_courts" title="Template talk:United States federal courts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_federal_courts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States federal courts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_federal_courts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Federal_judiciary_of_the_United_States" title="Federal judiciary of the United States">United States federal courts</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_courts_of_appeals" title="United States courts of appeals">United States courts of appeals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_district_and_territorial_courts" title="List of United States district and territorial courts">List of United States district and territorial courts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Court_of_Appeals_and_District_Court_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/US_Court_of_Appeals_and_District_Court_map.svg/500px-US_Court_of_Appeals_and_District_Court_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="324" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/US_Court_of_Appeals_and_District_Court_map.svg/750px-US_Court_of_Appeals_and_District_Court_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/US_Court_of_Appeals_and_District_Court_map.svg/1000px-US_Court_of_Appeals_and_District_Court_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="402" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_courts_of_appeals" title="United States courts of appeals">Courts of appeals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_First_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Second_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Third_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fourth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fifth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Seventh_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit">7th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eighth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit">8th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">9th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Tenth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit">10th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit">11th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_District_of_Columbia_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit">DC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Federal_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit">Federal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_district_court" title="United States district court">District courts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Alabama (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Alabama" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama">M</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Alabama" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama">N</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Alabama" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Alabama">S</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Alaska" title="United States District Court for the District of Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Arizona" title="United States District Court for the District of Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li>Arkansas (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Arkansas" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas">E</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Arkansas" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas">W</a>)</li> <li>California (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Central_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Central District of California">C</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of California">E</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of California">N</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_California" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of California">S</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Colorado" title="United States District Court for the District of Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Connecticut" title="United States District Court for the District of Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Delaware" title="United States District Court for the District of Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a></li> <li>Florida (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida">M</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida">N</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida">S</a>)</li> <li>Georgia (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Georgia" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Georgia">M</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Georgia" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia">N</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Georgia" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Georgia">S</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Hawaii" title="United States District Court for the District of Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Idaho" title="United States District Court for the District of Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li>Illinois (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Central_District_of_Illinois" title="United States District Court for the Central District of Illinois">C</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Illinois" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois">N</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Illinois" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Illinois">S</a>)</li> <li>Indiana (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Indiana" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Indiana">N</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Indiana" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Indiana">S</a>)</li> <li>Iowa (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Iowa" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Iowa">N</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Iowa" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Iowa">S</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Kansas" title="United States District Court for the District of Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li>Kentucky (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Kentucky" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Kentucky">E</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Kentucky" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Kentucky">W</a>)</li> <li>Louisiana (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Louisiana" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana">E</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Louisiana" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Louisiana">M</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Louisiana" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Louisiana">W</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Maine" title="United States District Court for the District of Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Maryland" title="United States District Court for the District of Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Massachusetts" title="United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li>Michigan (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Michigan" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan">E</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Michigan" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Michigan">W</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Minnesota" title="United States District Court for the District of Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li>Mississippi (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Mississippi" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Mississippi">N</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Mississippi" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Mississippi">S</a>)</li> <li>Missouri (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Missouri" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri">E</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Missouri" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri">W</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Montana" title="United States District Court for the District of Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Nebraska" title="United States District Court for the District of Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Nevada" title="United States District Court for the District of Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_New_Hampshire" title="United States District Court for the District of New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_New_Jersey" title="United States District Court for the District of New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_New_Mexico" title="United States District Court for the District of New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li>New York (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York">E</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of New York">N</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of New York">S</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Western District of New York">W</a>)</li> <li>North Carolina (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_North_Carolina" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina">E</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_North_Carolina" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina">M</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_North_Carolina" title="United States District Court for the Western District of North Carolina">W</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">North Dakota</a></li> <li>Ohio (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Ohio" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio">N</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Ohio" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio">S</a>)</li> <li>Oklahoma (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Oklahoma" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Oklahoma">E</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Oklahoma" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Oklahoma">N</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Oklahoma" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma">W</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Oregon" title="United States District Court for the District of Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li>Pennsylvania (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Pennsylvania" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania">E</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Pennsylvania" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania">M</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Pennsylvania" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania">W</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Puerto_Rico" title="United States District Court for the District of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Rhode_Island" title="United States District Court for the District of Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_South_Carolina" title="United States District Court for the District of South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_South_Dakota" title="United States District Court for the District of South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li>Tennessee (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Tennessee" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee">E</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Tennessee" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee">M</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Tennessee" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee">W</a>)</li> <li>Texas (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Texas" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas">E</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_Texas" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas">N</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_Texas" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas">S</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Texas" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Texas">W</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Utah" title="United States District Court for the District of Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Vermont" title="United States District Court for the District of Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li>Virginia (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Virginia" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia">E</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Virginia" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Virginia">W</a>)</li> <li>Washington (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Washington" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Washington">E</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Washington" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Washington">W</a>)</li> <li>West Virginia (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Northern_District_of_West_Virginia" title="United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia">N</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_West_Virginia" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of West Virginia">S</a>)</li> <li>Wisconsin (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Wisconsin" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin">E</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Wisconsin" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Wisconsin">W</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Wyoming" title="United States District Court for the District of Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specialty courts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_International_Trade" title="United States Court of International Trade">Court of International Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Judicial_Panel_on_Multidistrict_Litigation" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation"> Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Alien_Terrorist_Removal_Court" title="United States Alien Terrorist Removal Court">Alien Terrorist Removal Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Court" title="United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court">Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Court_of_Review" title="United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review">Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_territorial_court" title="United States territorial court">Territorial courts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/District_Court_of_Guam" title="District Court of Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_Court_for_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="District Court for the Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_Court_of_the_Virgin_Islands" title="District Court of the Virgin Islands">Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Extinct courts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_United_States_district_courts" title="List of former United States district courts">Former United States district courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Orleans" title="United States District Court for the District of Orleans">District of Orleans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Potomac" title="United States District Court for the District of Potomac">District of Potomac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Illinois" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Illinois">Eastern District of Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Canal_Zone" title="United States District Court for the Canal Zone">District of the Canal Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_for_China" title="United States Court for China">District of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_for_Berlin" title="United States Court for Berlin">District of Berlin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Note</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a> does not have a district court or federal territorial court; federal matters there go to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States District Court for the District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Hawaii" title="United States District Court for the District of Hawaii">Hawaii</a>, or <a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_American_Samoa" title="High Court of American Samoa">its own Supreme Court</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7889785#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_North_Dakota&params=46_48_32_N_100_47_18_W_type:landmark_region:US-ND"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">46°48′32″N</span> <span class="longitude">100°47′18″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">46.80889°N 100.78833°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">46.80889; -100.78833</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5dc468848‐ms5wz Cached time: 20241122143130 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.423 seconds Real time usage: 0.709 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3366/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 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