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Available in 32 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%AA" title="ترانسفير ماركت – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ترانسفير ماركت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F" title="ট্রান্সফারমার্কেট – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ট্রান্সফারমার্কেট" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt.de" title="Transfermarkt.de – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Transfermarkt.de" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt.de" title="Transfermarkt.de – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Transfermarkt.de" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA" title="ترنسفرمارکت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ترنسفرمارکت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8A%B8%EB%9E%9C%EC%8A%A4%ED%8D%BC%EB%A7%88%ED%81%AC%ED%8A%B8" title="트랜스퍼마크트 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="트랜스퍼마크트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt.de" title="Transfermarkt.de – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Transfermarkt.de" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfermarkt" title="Transfermarkt – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Transfermarkt" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BD%AC%E4%BC%9A%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA" title="转会市场 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="转会市场" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2449070#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Transfermarkt</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Transfermarkt_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Transfermarkt_logo.png/220px-Transfermarkt_logo.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Transfermarkt_logo.png/330px-Transfermarkt_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Transfermarkt_logo.png/440px-Transfermarkt_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="2713" data-file-height="1119" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Available in</th><td class="infobox-data">Transfermarkt Argentina<br />Transfermarkt Austria<br />Transfermarkt Belgium<br />Transfermarkt Brazil<br />Transfermarkt Colombia<br />Transfermarkt France<br />Transfermarkt Germany<br />Transfermarkt Greece<br />Transfermarkt India<br />Transfermarkt Indonesia<br />Transfermarkt Italy<br />Transfermarkt Japan<br />Transfermarkt Korea<br />Transfermarkt Mexico<br />Transfermarkt Netherlands<br />Transfermarkt Peru<br />Transfermarkt Poland<br />Transfermarkt Portugal<br />Transfermarkt Romania<br />Transfermarkt South Africa<br />Transfermarkt Spain<br />Transfermarkt Switzerland<br />Transfermarkt Turkey<br />Transfermarkt UK<br />Transfermarkt USA<br />Transfermarkt World</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country of origin</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data">Matthias Seidel<br /><a href="/wiki/Axel_Springer_SE" title="Axel Springer SE">Axel Springer SE</a><br />e-quadrat</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Created by</th><td class="infobox-data">Matthias Seidel</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Organizational_founder" title="Organizational founder">Founder(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Matthias Seidel</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">CEO</th><td class="infobox-data">Matthias Seidel</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Holding_company" title="Holding company">Parent</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Axel_Springer_SE" title="Axel Springer SE">Axel Springer SE</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">URL</th><td class="infobox-data url"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.transfermarkt.de/">transfermarkt.de</a></span><br />(in German)</li><li><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.transfermarkt.com/">transfermarkt.com</a></span><br />(in English)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launched</th><td class="infobox-data">May 2000<span class="noprint">; 24 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">May 2000</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Current status</th><td class="infobox-data category">Active</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Transfermarkt</b> is a German-based<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Website" title="Website">website</a> owned by <a href="/wiki/Axel_Springer_SE" title="Axel Springer SE">Axel Springer SE</a> that has footballing information, such as scores, results, statistics, transfer news, and fixtures.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the <a href="/wiki/IVW" class="mw-redirect" title="IVW">IVW</a>, it is in the top 25 most visited German websites, and one of the largest sport websites after <a href="/wiki/Kicker.de" class="mw-redirect" title="Kicker.de">kicker.de</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The website has scores, results, transfer news, fixtures, and player values. Despite the player values, along with some other facts, being estimates,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> researchers from the <a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Economic_Performance" title="Centre for Economic Performance">Centre for Economic Performance</a> have found that the "rumours" of player transfers are largely accurate.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>These estimated player values are usually updated every few months, considering how the <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">association football</a> market works, these estimates might be slightly lower or higher than what a players' current form and therefore current value might suggest. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transfermarkt&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The website was founded in May 2000, by Matthias Seidel to track players and transfer targets for <a href="/wiki/SV_Werder_Bremen" title="SV Werder Bremen">SV Werder Bremen</a> before expanding to other teams. The website initially focused on players, but gradually expanded to include managers, agents, and other staff.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTimes_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008, <a href="/wiki/Axel_Springer_SE" title="Axel Springer SE">Axel Springer publishing house</a> acquired a 51% share in the website. Seidel kept the other 49% of the shares.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The English-language version started in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTimes_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, <a href="/wiki/Informationsgemeinschaft_zur_Feststellung_der_Verbreitung_von_Werbetr%C3%A4gern" title="Informationsgemeinschaft zur Feststellung der Verbreitung von Werbeträgern">IVW</a> ranked it among the 25 most visited German websites, and one of the biggest sports sites after <a href="/wiki/Kicker_(magazine)" title="Kicker (magazine)">Kicker</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 19 May 2014, a relaunch took place for the so-called update to 'version 4'. In the course of this update there were both server-technical as well as data-legal issues, as private data was visible to other users for an indefinite period of time.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For 48 hours the site had only a very limited availability, resulting in multiple complaints on <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The biggest criticisms from users was the confusing new design. As a result, Transfermarkt.de publicly apologized for the incidents and issues that were caused during the relaunch.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2021<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transfermarkt&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the website has 39 million unique monthly visitors and 680,000 registered users.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTimes_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transfermarkt&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://safeweb.norton.com/report/show?url=http:%2F%2Fwww.transfermarkt.co.uk%2F&product=N360&version=20.3.1.22&layout=Retail&lang=0901&source=toolbar">"Report for transfermarkt.co.uk | Norton Safe Web"</a>. Safeweb.norton.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Report+for+transfermarkt.co.uk+%26%23124%3B+Norton+Safe+Web&rft.pub=Safeweb.norton.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsafeweb.norton.com%2Freport%2Fshow%3Furl%3Dhttp%3A%252F%252Fwww.transfermarkt.co.uk%252F%26product%3DN360%26version%3D20.3.1.22%26layout%3DRetail%26lang%3D0901%26source%3Dtoolbar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransfermarkt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.transfermarkt.co.uk/">"The Football Portal for the Premier League and Transfer Rumour Forum"</a>. transfermarkt.co.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Online-IVW%3A+Sport+gewinnt%2C+News+verliert&rft.pub=meedia.de&rft.date=2010-09-08&rft.aulast=Schr%C3%B6der&rft.aufirst=Jens&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmeedia.de%2Finternet%2Fonline-ivw-sport-gewinnt-news-verliert%2F2010%2F09%2F08.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransfermarkt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhrens2010" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ahrens, Peter (6 August 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/sport/fussball/bundesliga-transfers-magie-des-pinkepinke-plans-a-710056.html">"Bundesliga-Transfers: Magie des Pinkepinke-Plans"</a> [Bundesliga transfers: Magic of the dough plan] (in German). Spiegel Online<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bundesliga-Transfers%3A+Magie+des+Pinkepinke-Plans&rft.pub=Spiegel+Online&rft.date=2010-08-06&rft.aulast=Ahrens&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fsport%2Ffussball%2Fbundesliga-transfers-magie-des-pinkepinke-plans-a-710056.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransfermarkt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrysonFrickSimmons2009" class="citation web cs1">Bryson, Alex; Frick, Bernd; Simmons, Rob (September 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cep.lse.ac.uk/pubs/download/dp0948.pdf">"The Returns to Scarce Talent: Footedness and Player Remuneration in European Soccer"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. cep.lse.ac.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Returns+to+Scarce+Talent%3A+Footedness+and+Player+Remuneration+in+European+Soccer&rft.pub=cep.lse.ac.uk&rft.date=2009-09&rft.aulast=Bryson&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft.au=Frick%2C+Bernd&rft.au=Simmons%2C+Rob&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcep.lse.ac.uk%2Fpubs%2Fdownload%2Fdp0948.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransfermarkt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2021" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rory_Smith_(journalist)" title="Rory Smith (journalist)">Smith, Rory</a> (12 August 2021). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/12/sports/soccer/soccer-football-transfermarkt.html">"The Wisdom of the Crowd"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Wisdom+of+the+Crowd&rft.date=2021-08-12&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Rory&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F08%2F12%2Fsports%2Fsoccer%2Fsoccer-football-transfermarkt.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransfermarkt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.axelspringer.de/presse/Axel-Springer-uebernimmt-Mehrheit-an-Deutschlands-groesster-Fussball-Community_251509.html">"Axel Springer übernimmt Mehrheit an Deutschlands größter Fußball-Community"</a> [Axel Springer acquires majority stake in Germany's biggest football community]. meedia.de. 23 September 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Axel+Springer+%C3%BCbernimmt+Mehrheit+an+Deutschlands+gr%C3%B6%C3%9Fter+Fu%C3%9Fball-Community&rft.pub=meedia.de&rft.date=2008-09-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.axelspringer.de%2Fpresse%2FAxel-Springer-uebernimmt-Mehrheit-an-Deutschlands-groesster-Fussball-Community_251509.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransfermarkt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110825165818/http://meedia.de/internet/online-ivw-sport-gewinnt-news-verliert/2010/09/08.html">"Online-IVW: Sport wins, News loses"</a>. 8 September 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://meedia.de/internet/online-ivw-sport-gewinnt-news-verliert/2010/09/08.html">the original</a> on 25 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Online-IVW%3A+Sport+wins%2C+News+loses&rft.date=2010-09-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmeedia.de%2Finternet%2Fonline-ivw-sport-gewinnt-news-verliert%2F2010%2F09%2F08.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransfermarkt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLinder2014" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Linder, Armin (20 May 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tz.de/sport/fussball/transfermarkt-de-daten-leck-nach-relaunch-3570964.html">"Daten-Leck bei Transfermarkt.de"</a> [Data leak on Transfermarkt.de] (in German). TZ.de<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Daten-Leck+bei+Transfermarkt.de&rft.pub=TZ.de&rft.date=2014-05-20&rft.aulast=Linder&rft.aufirst=Armin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tz.de%2Fsport%2Ffussball%2Ftransfermarkt-de-daten-leck-nach-relaunch-3570964.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransfermarkt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWietlisbach2014" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wietlisbach, Oliver (20 May 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.watson.ch/Front/articles/477674190-Am-Montag-lancierte-%C2%ABTransfermarkt%C2%BB-seine-neue-Website.-Dabei-ging-schief%2C-was-schief-gehen-konnte.-Sogar-private-Nachrichten-waren-pl%C3%B6tzlich-f%C3%BCr-andere-einsehbar%C2%A0">"Am Montag lancierte "Transfermarkt" seine neue Website. Dabei ging schief, was schief gehen konnte. Sogar private Nachrichten waren plötzlich für andere einsehbar"</a> [On Monday "Transfermarket" launched a new website. Everything that could go wrong, went wrong. Even private messages were suddenly visible to others.] (in German). <a href="/wiki/Watson_(newspaper)" title="Watson (newspaper)">Watson</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Am+Montag+lancierte+%22Transfermarkt%22+seine+neue+Website.+Dabei+ging+schief%2C+was+schief+gehen+konnte.+Sogar+private+Nachrichten+waren+pl%C3%B6tzlich+f%C3%BCr+andere+einsehbar.&rft.pub=Watson&rft.date=2014-05-20&rft.aulast=Wietlisbach&rft.aufirst=Oliver&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.watson.ch%2FFront%2Farticles%2F477674190-Am-Montag-lancierte-%25C2%25ABTransfermarkt%25C2%25BB-seine-neue-Website.-Dabei-ging-schief%252C-was-schief-gehen-konnte.-Sogar-private-Nachrichten-waren-pl%25C3%25B6tzlich-f%25C3%25BCr-andere-einsehbar%25C2%25A0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransfermarkt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeidel2014" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Seidel, Matthias (23 May 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.transfermarkt.de/transfermarkt-sagt-entschuldigung/view/news/160563">"Transfermarkt sagt Entschuldigung"</a> [Transfermarkt apologizes] (in German). transfermarkt.de<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Transfermarkt+sagt+Entschuldigung&rft.pub=transfermarkt.de&rft.date=2014-05-23&rft.aulast=Seidel&rft.aufirst=Matthias&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.transfermarkt.de%2Ftransfermarkt-sagt-entschuldigung%2Fview%2Fnews%2F160563&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransfermarkt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transfermarkt&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.transfermarkt.com/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="languageicon">(in English)</span></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Transfermarkt" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Transfermarkt">Transfermarkt</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transfermarkt&oldid=1258148939">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transfermarkt&oldid=1258148939</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Association_football_websites" title="Category:Association football websites">Association football websites</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_sport_websites" title="Category:German sport websites">German sport websites</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Internet_properties_established_in_2000" title="Category:Internet properties established in 2000">Internet properties established in 2000</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2000_establishments_in_Germany" title="Category:2000 establishments in Germany">2000 establishments in Germany</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 German-language sources (de)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_July_2014" title="Category:Use dmy dates from July 2014">Use dmy dates from July 2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2021" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2021">Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements" title="Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements">All articles containing potentially dated statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 18 November 2024, at 10:43<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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