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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Digital Data Storage</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almacenamiento_de_datos_digitales" title="Almacenamiento de datos digitales – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Almacenamiento de datos digitales" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Data_Storage" title="Digital Data Storage – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Digital Data Storage" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%A7%80%ED%84%B8_%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0_%EC%8A%A4%ED%86%A0%EB%A6%AC%EC%A7%80" title="디지털 데이터 스토리지 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="디지털 데이터 스토리지" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/DDS" title="DDS – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="DDS" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Data_Storage" title="Digital Data Storage – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Digital Data Storage" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%87%E3%82%B8%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%87%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8" title="デジタル・データ・ストレージ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="デジタル・データ・ストレージ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Data_Storage" title="Digital Data Storage – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Digital Data Storage" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Data_Storage" title="Digital Data Storage – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Digital Data Storage" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Data_Storage" title="Digital Data Storage – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Digital Data Storage" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Data_Storage" title="Digital Data Storage – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Digital Data Storage" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1224723#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div 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For the general concept, see <a href="/wiki/Computer_data_storage" title="Computer data storage">Computer data storage</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Digital_Data_Storage" title="Special:EditPage/Digital Data Storage">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Digital+Data+Storage%22">"Digital Data Storage"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Digital+Data+Storage%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Digital+Data+Storage%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Digital+Data+Storage%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Digital+Data+Storage%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Digital+Data+Storage%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2013</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Context plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Context" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Digital Audio Tape</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DDS-logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/0c/DDS-logo.png" decoding="async" width="202" height="87" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="202" data-file-height="87" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Media type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Magnetic_cassette_tape" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnetic cassette tape">Magnetic cassette tape</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Content_format" title="Content format">Encoding</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Lossless real-time</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Read<span class="nowrap"> </span>mechanism</th><td class="infobox-data">Rotating head</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Write<span class="nowrap"> </span>mechanism</th><td class="infobox-data">Rotating head, helical scan</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Developed<span class="nowrap"> </span>by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Usage</th><td class="infobox-data">Data storage</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Extended<span class="nowrap"> </span>from</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Digital_Audio_Tape" title="Digital Audio Tape">Digital Audio Tape</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Released</th><td class="infobox-data">1989<span class="noprint">; 35 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1989</span>)</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Digital Data Storage</b> (<b>DDS</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Computer" title="Computer">computer</a> <a href="/wiki/Data" title="Data">data</a> storage technology that is based upon the <a href="/wiki/Digital_Audio_Tape" title="Digital Audio Tape">Digital Audio Tape</a> (DAT) format that was developed during the 1980s. DDS is primarily intended for use as off-line storage, especially for generating <a href="/wiki/Backup" title="Backup">backup copies</a> of working data. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_Data_Storage&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A DDS cartridge uses tape with a width of 3.81mm, with the exception of the latest formats, DAT-160 and DAT-320, both which use 8mm wide tape. Initially, the tape was 60 meters (197 feet) or 90 meters (295 ft.) in length. Advancements in materials technology have allowed the length to be increased significantly in successive versions. A DDS tape drive uses <a href="/wiki/Helical_scan" title="Helical scan">helical scan</a> recording, the same process used by a <a href="/wiki/Video_cassette_recorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Video cassette recorder">video cassette recorder</a> (VCR). </p><p>Backward compatibility between newer drives and older cartridges is not assured; the compatibility matrices provided by manufacturers will need to be consulted.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Typically drives can read and write tapes in the prior generation format, with most (but not all) also able to read and write tapes from two generations prior. Notice in HP's article that newer tape standards do not simply consist of longer tapes; with DDS-2, for example, the track was narrower than with DDS-1. </p><p>At one time, DDS competed against the <a href="/wiki/Linear_Tape-Open" title="Linear Tape-Open">Linear Tape-Open</a> (LTO), <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Intelligent_Tape" title="Advanced Intelligent Tape">Advanced Intelligent Tape</a> (AIT), <a href="/wiki/VXA" title="VXA">VXA</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Travan" title="Travan">Travan</a> formats. However, AIT, Travan and VXA are no longer mainstream, and the capacity of LTO has far exceeded that of the most recent DDS standard, DDS-320. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_Data_Storage&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Prose plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Prose" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>is in <a href="/wiki/MOS:LIST" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:LIST">list</a> format but may read better as <a href="/wiki/MOS:PROSE" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:PROSE">prose</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Digital_Data_Storage&action=edit">converting this section</a>, if appropriate. <a href="/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing help</a> is available.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2021</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DDS2_tape_with_scale.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/DDS2_tape_with_scale.jpg/220px-DDS2_tape_with_scale.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/DDS2_tape_with_scale.jpg/330px-DDS2_tape_with_scale.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/DDS2_tape_with_scale.jpg/440px-DDS2_tape_with_scale.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2094" data-file-height="1419" /></a><figcaption>A DDS-2 cartridge.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DDS_Streamer_inside.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/DDS_Streamer_inside.jpg/220px-DDS_Streamer_inside.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/DDS_Streamer_inside.jpg/330px-DDS_Streamer_inside.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/DDS_Streamer_inside.jpg/440px-DDS_Streamer_inside.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>DDS Streamer inside</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DDS4_Cartritge_IMG_8918.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/DDS4_Cartritge_IMG_8918.jpg/220px-DDS4_Cartritge_IMG_8918.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/DDS4_Cartritge_IMG_8918.jpg/330px-DDS4_Cartritge_IMG_8918.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/DDS4_Cartritge_IMG_8918.jpg/440px-DDS4_Cartritge_IMG_8918.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1644" data-file-height="1410" /></a><figcaption>DDS Cartridges</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HP_Tape.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/HP_Tape.jpg/220px-HP_Tape.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/HP_Tape.jpg/330px-HP_Tape.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/HP_Tape.jpg/440px-HP_Tape.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4298" data-file-height="2865" /></a><figcaption>A DAT 72 cartridge</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DAT160-logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/75/DAT160-logo.png/220px-DAT160-logo.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/75/DAT160-logo.png 1.5x" data-file-width="254" data-file-height="84" /></a><figcaption>DAT 160</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DAT_72_Tape_Drive_Front,_Wiki,_EN.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/09/DAT_72_Tape_Drive_Front%2C_Wiki%2C_EN.jpg/220px-DAT_72_Tape_Drive_Front%2C_Wiki%2C_EN.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/09/DAT_72_Tape_Drive_Front%2C_Wiki%2C_EN.jpg/330px-DAT_72_Tape_Drive_Front%2C_Wiki%2C_EN.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/09/DAT_72_Tape_Drive_Front%2C_Wiki%2C_EN.jpg/440px-DAT_72_Tape_Drive_Front%2C_Wiki%2C_EN.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1269" data-file-height="383" /></a><figcaption>DAT-72 tape drive, front panel</figcaption></figure> <dl><dt>DDS-1</dt> <dd>Stores up to 1.3 GB uncompressed (2.6 GB <a href="/wiki/Data_compression" title="Data compression">compressed</a>) on a 60 m cartridge or 2 GB uncompressed (4 GB compressed) on a 90 m cartridge. The DDS-1 cartridge often does not have the -1 designation, as initially it was the only format, though cartridges produced since the introduction of DDS-2 may carry a -1 designation to distinguish the format from newer formats. A media recognition system was introduced with DDS-2 drives and cartridges to detect the medium type and prevent the loading of an improper medium. From 1993, DDS-1 tapes included the media recognition system marks on the leader tape—a feature indicated by the presence of four vertical bars after the DDS logo.</dd> <dt>DDS-2</dt> <dd>Stores up to 4 GB uncompressed (8 GB compressed) on a 120 m cartridge.</dd> <dt>DDS-3</dt> <dd>Stores up to 12 GB uncompressed (24 GB compressed) on a 125 m cartridge. DDS-3 uses <a href="/wiki/PRML" class="mw-redirect" title="PRML">PRML (Partial Response Maximum Likelihood)</a> to minimize electronic noise for a cleaner data recording.</dd> <dt>DDS-4</dt> <dd>DDS-4 stores up to 20 GB uncompressed (40 GB compressed) on a 150 m cartridge. This format is also called DAT 40.</dd> <dt>DAT 72</dt> <dd>DAT 72 stores up to 36 GB uncompressed (72 GB compressed) on a 170 m cartridge. The DAT 72 standard was developed by HP and <a href="/wiki/Certance" title="Certance">Certance</a>. It has the same form-factor as DDS-3 and -4 and is sometimes referred to as DDS-5.</dd> <dt>DAT 160</dt> <dd>DAT 160 was launched in June 2007 by HP, stores up to 80 GB uncompressed (160 GB compressed). A major change from the previous generations is the width of the tape. DAT 160 uses 8 mm wide tape in a slightly thicker cartridge while all prior versions use 3.81 mm wide tape. Despite the difference in tape widths, DAT 160 drives can load DAT-72 and DAT-40 (DDS-4) cartridges. Native capacity is 80 GB and native transfer rate was raised to 6.9 MB/s, mostly due to prolonging head/tape contact to 180° (compared to 90° previously).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Launch interfaces were <a href="/wiki/Parallel_SCSI" title="Parallel SCSI">Parallel SCSI</a> and <a href="/wiki/USB" title="USB">USB</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Serial_Attached_SCSI" title="Serial Attached SCSI">SAS</a> interface released later.</dd> <dt>DAT 320</dt> <dd>In November 2009 HP announced the DAT-320 standard, which stores up to 160 GB uncompressed (marketed as 320 GB assuming 2:1 compression) per cartridge. Native transfer rate was raised to 12 MB/s.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Generations">Generations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_Data_Storage&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Generations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"> <caption>DDS generations </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Format </th> <th>Date </th> <th abbr="Width">Tape<br />width<br />(mm) </th> <th abbr="Track">Track<br />pitch<br />(μm) </th> <th abbr="Length">Tape<br />length<br />(m) </th> <th abbr="Capacity">Native<br />capacity<br />(GB) </th> <th abbr="Compressed">Capacity assuming<br />2:1 compression<br />(GB) </th> <th abbr="RPM">Drum rotation<br />speed<br />(RPM) </th> <th abbr="Speed">Data transfer<br />speed<br />(MB/s) </th></tr> <tr> <th>DDS-1 </th> <td>1989 </td> <td>3.81 </td> <td>13.6 </td> <td>60/90 </td> <td>1.3/2.0 </td> <td>2.6/4 </td> <td>2000, 2551 </td> <td>0.183 </td></tr> <tr> <th>DDS-2 </th> <td>1993 </td> <td>3.81 </td> <td>9.1 </td> <td>120 </td> <td>4.0 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>4000, 4400, 5737, 8500 </td> <td>0.360-0.720 </td></tr> <tr> <th>DDS-3 </th> <td>1996 </td> <td>3.81 </td> <td>9.1 </td> <td>125 </td> <td>12.0 </td> <td>24 </td> <td>3825, 4252 </td> <td><1.5 </td></tr> <tr> <th>DDS-4 </th> <td>1999 </td> <td>3.81 </td> <td>6.8 </td> <td>150 </td> <td>20.0 </td> <td>40 </td> <td>11400 </td> <td>1.0-3.2 </td></tr> <tr> <th>DAT-72 </th> <td>2003 </td> <td>3.81 </td> <td>5.4 </td> <td>170 </td> <td>36.0 </td> <td>72 </td> <td>8609.7, 10000 </td> <td>3.2 </td></tr> <tr> <th>DAT-160 </th> <td>2007 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>6.8 </td> <td>154 </td> <td>80 </td> <td>160 </td> <td>6457 </td> <td>6.9 </td></tr> <tr> <th>DAT-320 </th> <td>2009 </td> <td>8 </td> <td> </td> <td>153<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>160 </td> <td>320 </td> <td> </td> <td>12 </td></tr> <tr> <th>(Gen 8) </th> <td>canceled </td> <td>8 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>~300 </td> <td>~600 </td> <td> </td> <td>≥16 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Future">Future</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_Data_Storage&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Future"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The next format, Gen 8, was canceled.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_Data_Storage&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Data8" title="Data8">Data8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetic_storage" title="Magnetic storage">Magnetic storage</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_Data_Storage&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Compatibility matrix for: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://h20564.www2.hpe.com/hpsc/doc/public/display?docId=emr_na-lpg50457">HP</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/en/ssw_ibm_i_72/rzam4/rzam4datcompat.htm">IBM</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130531190032/http://www.dat-mgm.com/about%20DAT/DAT%20technology/">"DAT Technology"</a>. DAT Manufacturers Group. Archived from the original on 2013-05-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-03-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DAT+Technology&rft.pub=DAT+Manufacturers+Group&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dat-mgm.com%2Fabout&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADigital+Data+Storage" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140101091210/http://h30094.www3.hp.com/product/sku/10209877/mfg_partno/Q2032A">"HP DAT 320 320GB Data Cartridge - DAT & DDS tape cartridges - HP: Q2032A"</a>. Hewlett-Packard. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://h30094.www3.hp.com/product/sku/10209877/mfg_partno/Q2032A">the original</a> on 2014-01-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-12-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HP+DAT+320+320GB+Data+Cartridge+-+DAT+%26+DDS+tape+cartridges+-+HP%3A+Q2032A&rft.pub=Hewlett-Packard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fh30094.www3.hp.com%2Fproduct%2Fsku%2F10209877%2Fmfg_partno%2FQ2032A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADigital+Data+Storage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_Data_Storage&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Digital_Data_Storage" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Digital Data Storage">Digital Data Storage</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130531190032/http://dat-mgm.com/">DAT Manufacturers Group</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-139.htm">ECMA-139</a> <i>ISO/IEC 10777:1991</i>, Specification of <b>DDS</b>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/Ecma-139.pdf">ECMA-139</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-146.htm">ECMA-146</a> <i>ISO/IEC 11321:1992</i>, Specification of <b>DATA/DAT</b>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/Ecma-146.pdf">ECMA-146</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-150.htm">ECMA-150</a> <i>ISO/IEC 11557:1992</i>, Specification of <b>DDS-DC</b> (DDS w/ compression). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/Ecma-150.pdf">ECMA-150</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-151.htm">ECMA-151</a> <i>ISO/IEC 11558:1992</i>, Specification of <b>DCLZ</b> (compression algorithm). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/Ecma-151.pdf">ECMA-151</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-170.htm">ECMA-170</a> <i>ISO/IEC 12447:1993</i>, Specification of <b>DDS</b> (for 60m and 90m tapes). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/Ecma-170.pdf">ECMA-170</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-171.htm">ECMA-171</a> <i>ISO/IEC 12448:1993</i>, Specification of <b>DATA/DAT-DC</b> (for 60m and 90m tapes). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/Ecma-171.pdf">ECMA-171</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-198.htm">ECMA-198</a> <i>ISO/IEC 13923</i>, Specification of <b>DDS-2</b>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/Ecma-198.pdf">ECMA-198</a></li> 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href="/wiki/Template:Magnetic_tape_data_formats" title="Template:Magnetic tape data formats"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Magnetic_tape_data_formats" title="Template talk:Magnetic tape data formats"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Magnetic_tape_data_formats" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Magnetic tape data formats"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Magnetic-tape_data_storage_formats" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Magnetic-tape_data_storage" title="Magnetic-tape data storage">Magnetic-tape data storage</a> formats</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Linear</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wide (19–25.4 mm)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_7340" title="IBM 7340">IBM 7340</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LINC#LINCTape" title="LINC">LINCtape</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DECtape" title="DECtape">DECtape</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetic_tape_data_storage#IBM_formats" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnetic tape data storage">CDC 626</a> (1966)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Half inch (12.7 mm)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UNISERVO" class="mw-redirect" title="UNISERVO">UNISERVO</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_7-track" title="IBM 7-track">IBM 7-track</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TX-2_Tape_System" title="TX-2 Tape System">TX-2 Tape System</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/9-track_tape" title="9-track tape">9-track</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_3480_Family" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM 3480 Family">IBM 3480</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Linear_Tape" title="Digital Linear Tape">DLT</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_3590" title="IBM 3590">IBM 3590</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/StorageTek_tape_formats" title="StorageTek tape formats">T9840</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/StorageTek_tape_formats" title="StorageTek tape formats">T9940</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_Tape-Open" title="Linear Tape-Open">LTO Ultrium</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_3592" title="IBM 3592">IBM 3592</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/StorageTek_tape_formats" title="StorageTek tape formats">T10000</a> (2006)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eight millimeter (8 mm)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Travan" title="Travan">Travan</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Magstar_MP_3570" title="IBM Magstar MP 3570">IBM 3570 MP</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Digital_Recording" title="Advanced Digital Recording">ADR</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Quarter inch (6.35 mm)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quarter-inch_cartridge" title="Quarter-inch cartridge">QIC</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scalable_Linear_Recording" title="Scalable Linear Recording">SLR</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ditto_(drive)" title="Ditto (drive)">Ditto</a> (1992)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">"Eighth" (0.15) inch (3.81 mm)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D/CAS" title="D/CAS">D/CAS</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_standard" title="Kansas City standard">KC standard, Compact Cassette</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DC100" title="DC100">DC100</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarbell_Cassette_Interface" title="Tarbell Cassette Interface">Tarbell Cassette Interface</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commodore_Datasette" title="Commodore Datasette">Commodore Datasette</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DECtape#DECtape_II" title="DECtape">DECtape II</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_cassette_tape" title="IBM cassette tape">IBM PC Cassette</a> (1981)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stringy (1.58–1.9 mm)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exatron_Stringy_Floppy" title="Exatron Stringy Floppy">Exatron Stringy Floppy</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZX_Microdrive" title="ZX Microdrive">ZX Microdrive</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/QL_Microdrive" class="mw-redirect" title="QL Microdrive">QL Microdrive</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotronics_Wafadrive" title="Rotronics Wafadrive">Rotronics Wafadrive</a> (1984)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Helical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Three quarter inch (19 mm)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Sony <a href="/wiki/Digital_Instrumentation_Recorder" title="Digital Instrumentation Recorder">DIR</a> (19xx)</li> <li>Ampex <a href="/wiki/Data_Storage_Technology" title="Data Storage Technology">DST</a> (1992)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Half inch (12.7 mm)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ArVid" title="ArVid">ArVid</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/StorageTek_tape_formats" title="StorageTek tape formats">Redwood SD-3</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Tape_Format" title="Digital Tape Format">DTF</a> (19xx)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Intelligent_Tape" title="Advanced Intelligent Tape">SAIT</a> (2003)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eight millimeter (8 mm)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Data8" title="Data8">Data8</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data8#Mammoth" title="Data8">Mammoth</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Intelligent_Tape" title="Advanced Intelligent Tape">AIT</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VXA" title="VXA">VXA</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Four millimeter (3.81 mm)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">DDS/DAT</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Standards_of_Ecma_International" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ecma_International_Standards" title="Template:Ecma International Standards"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ecma_International_Standards" title="Template talk:Ecma International Standards"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ecma_International_Standards" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ecma International Standards"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Standards_of_Ecma_International" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Standards of <a href="/wiki/Ecma_International" title="Ecma International">Ecma International</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Application interfaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ANSI_escape_code" title="ANSI escape code">ANSI escape code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Application_Programming_Interface_for_Windows" title="Application Programming Interface for Windows">APIW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Language_Infrastructure" title="Common Language Infrastructure">Common Language Infrastructure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_Open_XML" title="Office Open XML">Office Open XML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_XML_Paper_Specification" title="Open XML Paper Specification">OpenXPS</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ecma_International_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Ecma_International_Logo.svg/100px-Ecma_International_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Ecma_International_Logo.svg/150px-Ecma_International_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Ecma_International_Logo.svg/200px-Ecma_International_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="201" data-file-height="54" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">File systems (tape)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Intelligent_Tape" title="Advanced Intelligent Tape">Advanced Intelligent Tape</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">DDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Linear_Tape" title="Digital Linear Tape">DLT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Linear_Tape" title="Digital Linear Tape">Super DLT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_Tape-Open" title="Linear Tape-Open">Linear Tape-Open</a> (Ultrium-1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VXA" title="VXA">VXA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">File systems (disk)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CD-ROM" title="CD-ROM">CD-ROM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_9660" title="ISO 9660">CD File System</a> (CDFS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_Allocation_Table" title="File Allocation Table">FAT</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FAT12" class="mw-redirect" title="FAT12">FAT12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FAT16" class="mw-redirect" title="FAT16">FAT16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FAT16B" class="mw-redirect" title="FAT16B">FAT16B</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floppy_disk" title="Floppy disk">FD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Disk_Format" title="Universal Disk Format">UDF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_Density_Optical" title="Ultra Density Optical">Ultra Density Optical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Media_Disc" title="Universal Media Disc">Universal Media Disc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holographic_Versatile_Disc" title="Holographic Versatile Disc">Holographic Versatile Disc</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Graphics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Universal_3D" title="Universal 3D">Universal 3D</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Programming languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B/CLI" title="C++/CLI">C++/CLI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C_Sharp_(programming_language)" title="C Sharp (programming language)">C#</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eiffel_(programming_language)" title="Eiffel (programming language)">Eiffel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> (<a href="/wiki/ECMAScript_for_XML" title="ECMAScript for XML">E4X</a>, <a href="/wiki/ECMAScript" title="ECMAScript">ECMAScript</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dart_(programming_language)" title="Dart (programming language)">Dart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimal_BASIC" title="Minimal BASIC">Minimal BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_BASIC" title="Full BASIC">Full BASIC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Radio link interfaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list 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