CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>WMVP - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"6ef78b04-0da9-4ef8-83ed-4106f8ecdccd","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"WMVP","wgTitle":"WMVP","wgCurRevisionId":1275574728,"wgRevisionId":1275574728,"wgArticleId":2030585,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown","CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list","Webarchive template wayback links","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use mdy dates from June 2024","Coordinates on Wikidata","Articles using infobox radio station","Commons category link from Wikidata","Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia","1926 establishments in Illinois","Clear-channel radio stations", "Disney radio stations","ESPN Radio stations","Radio stations established in 1926","Radio stations in Chicago","Sports radio stations in the United States"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"WMVP","wgRelevantArticleId":2030585,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":70000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":41.542249999999996,"lon":-88.03477777777778},"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true, "wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q3564732","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready" };RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.16"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/ESPNRadio_1000_2012.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="856"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/ESPNRadio_1000_2012.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="570"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="456"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="WMVP - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/WMVP"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=WMVP&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WMVP"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-WMVP rootpage-WMVP skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=WMVP" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=WMVP" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=WMVP" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=WMVP" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Early years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television,_WCFL-FM,_and_evolution_to_Top_40" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television,_WCFL-FM,_and_evolution_to_Top_40"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Television, WCFL-FM, and evolution to Top 40</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television,_WCFL-FM,_and_evolution_to_Top_40-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Top_40_at_the_"Voice_of_Labor"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Top_40_at_the_"Voice_of_Labor""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Top 40 at the "Voice of Labor"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Top_40_at_the_"Voice_of_Labor"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_end_of_"Super_CFL"_and_the_sale_to_Mutual" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_end_of_"Super_CFL"_and_the_sale_to_Mutual"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>The end of "Super CFL" and the sale to Mutual</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_end_of_"Super_CFL"_and_the_sale_to_Mutual-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religious_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Religious years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religious_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1000_WLUP" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1000_WLUP"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>1000 WLUP</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1000_WLUP-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-WMVP" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WMVP"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>WMVP</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WMVP-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Good_Karma_Brands_takeover" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Good_Karma_Brands_takeover"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>Good Karma Brands takeover</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Good_Karma_Brands_takeover-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">WMVP</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 3 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-3" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">3 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/WMVP" title="WMVP – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="WMVP" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/WMVP" title="WMVP – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="WMVP" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/WMVP" title="WMVP – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="WMVP" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3564732#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/WMVP" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:WMVP" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/WMVP"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=WMVP&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=WMVP&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/WMVP"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=WMVP&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=WMVP&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/WMVP" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/WMVP" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=WMVP&oldid=1275574728" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=WMVP&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=WMVP&id=1275574728&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWMVP"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWMVP"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=WMVP&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=WMVP&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:WMVP" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3564732" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=WMVP&params=41_32_32.1_N_88_02_5.2_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°32′32.1″N</span> <span class="longitude">88°02′5.2″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.542250°N 88.034778°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.542250; -88.034778</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">ESPN Radio station in Chicago</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250652533">.mw-parser-output .ib-radio-station .infobox-header{background-color:#efefef}.mw-parser-output .ib-radio-station-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-radio-station .infobox-above{font-size:100%;background-color:#bfdfff;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-radio-station-embed-header .infobox-header{font-size:100%;background-color:#bfdfff}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-radio-station .infobox-header{background-color:hsl(0,0%,10%);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-radio-station .infobox-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-radio-station-embed-header .infobox-header{background-color:hsl(210,100%,10%);color:inherit}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-radio-station-infobox-header{background-color:hsl(0,0%,10%);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-radio-station .infobox-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-radio-station-embed-header .infobox-header{background-color:hsl(210,100%,10%);color:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard ib-radio-station"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">WMVP</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size ib-radio-station-logo" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:ESPNRadio_1000_2012.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/ESPNRadio_1000_2012.png/180px-ESPNRadio_1000_2012.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/ESPNRadio_1000_2012.png 1.5x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="164" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago,_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago, Illinois">Chicago, Illinois</a></li><li>United States</li></ul></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Broadcast area</th><td class="infobox-data label"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_metropolitan_area" title="Chicago metropolitan area">Chicago metropolitan area</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Indiana" title="Northwest Indiana">Northwest Indiana</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Frequency" title="Frequency">Frequency</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1000 <a href="/wiki/KHz" class="mw-redirect" title="KHz">kHz</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Branding</th><td class="infobox-data">ESPN 1000; ESPN Chicago</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">Programming</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">English</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Radio_format" title="Radio format">Format</a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Sports_radio" title="Sports radio">Sports radio</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ESPN_Radio" title="ESPN Radio">ESPN Radio</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">Ownership</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Good_Karma_Brands" title="Good Karma Brands">Good Karma Brands</a></li><li>(Good Karma Broadcasting, L.L.C.)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">First air date</div></th><td class="infobox-data">June 19, 1926<span class="noprint"><br />(98 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1926-06-19</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Former call signs</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>WCFL (1926–1987)</li><li>WLUP (1987–1993)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Former frequencies</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>610 kHz (1926–1927)</li><li>620 kHz (1927–1928)</li><li>970 kHz (1928–1941)<sup id="cite_ref-HistoryCards_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HistoryCards-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Call_sign" title="Call sign">Call sign</a> meaning</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Most_Valuable_Player" class="mw-redirect" title="Most Valuable Player">Most Valuable Player</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">Technical information<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Licensing authority</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/FCC" class="mw-redirect" title="FCC">FCC</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Facility_ID" title="Facility ID">Facility ID</a></th><td class="infobox-data">73303</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_North_American_broadcast_station_classes" title="List of North American broadcast station classes">Class</a></th><td class="infobox-data category">A</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Transmitter_power_output" title="Transmitter power output">Power</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004500000000000000♠"></span>50,000 watts</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Transmitter coordinates</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=WMVP&params=41_32_32.1_N_88_02_5.2_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°32′32.1″N</span> <span class="longitude">88°02′5.2″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.542250°N 88.034778°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.542250; -88.034778</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Repeater" title="Repeater">Repeater(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="hMeasure frequency"><span class="num">100.3</span><span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="unit"><a href="/wiki/WTBC-FM" title="WTBC-FM">WTBC-FM HD2</a> (Chicago)</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-hd2ri_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hd2ri-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">Links</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Public license information </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publicfiles.fcc.gov/am-profile/WMVP">Public file</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enterpriseefiling.fcc.gov/dataentry/public/tv/publicFacilityDetails.html?facilityId=73303">LMS</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Webcast" title="Webcast">Webcast</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://espn.com/espnradio/chicago/play">Listen live</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iheart.com/live/7907/?autoplay=true">Listen live</a> (via <a href="/wiki/IHeartRadio" title="IHeartRadio">iHeartRadio</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://goodkarmabrands.com/espn-chicago/">goodkarmabrands<wbr />.com<wbr />/espn-chicago<wbr />/</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>WMVP</b> (1000 <a href="/wiki/KHz" class="mw-redirect" title="KHz">kHz</a>) is a commercial <a href="/wiki/AM_broadcasting" title="AM broadcasting">AM</a> radio station licensed to <a href="/wiki/Chicago,_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago, Illinois">Chicago, Illinois</a>, carrying a <a href="/wiki/Sports_radio" title="Sports radio">sports radio</a> format. Owned by <a href="/wiki/Good_Karma_Brands" title="Good Karma Brands">Good Karma Brands</a>, the station serves the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_metropolitan_area" title="Chicago metropolitan area">Chicago metropolitan area</a> as the market affiliate of <a href="/wiki/ESPN_Radio" title="ESPN Radio">ESPN Radio</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Flagship_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Flagship station">flagship station</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears" title="Chicago Bears">Chicago Bears</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chicago_White_Sox" title="Chicago White Sox">Chicago White Sox</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Wolves" title="Chicago Wolves">Chicago Wolves</a> (the <a href="/wiki/American_Hockey_League" title="American Hockey League">AHL</a> affiliate of the <a href="/wiki/NHL" class="mw-redirect" title="NHL">NHL</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Carolina_Hurricanes" title="Carolina Hurricanes">Carolina Hurricanes</a>) and is the home of local personalities <a href="/wiki/David_Kaplan_(radio)" title="David Kaplan (radio)">David Kaplan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tom_Waddle" title="Tom Waddle">Tom Waddle</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Jurkovic" title="John Jurkovic">John Jurkovic</a>. Formerly an ESPN Radio <a href="/wiki/Owned-and-operated_station" title="Owned-and-operated station">owned-and-operated station</a>, WMVP's studios are co-located with <a href="/wiki/WLS-TV" title="WLS-TV">WLS-TV</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Loop" title="Chicago Loop">Chicago Loop</a> while the transmitter is located in Joliet.<sup id="cite_ref-Fybush_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fybush-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to a standard <a href="/wiki/Analog_transmission" title="Analog transmission">analog transmission</a>, WMVP is simulcast over the second <a href="/wiki/HD_Radio" title="HD Radio">HD</a> <a href="/wiki/Subchannel" class="mw-redirect" title="Subchannel">subchannel</a> of <a href="/wiki/WTBC-FM" title="WTBC-FM">WTBC-FM</a> and is available online. </p><p>From 1926 to 1987, 1000 AM was WCFL, the radio voice of the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Federation_of_Labor" title="Chicago Federation of Labor">Chicago Federation of Labor</a>. WMVP is a <a href="/wiki/List_of_North_American_broadcast_station_classes" title="List of North American broadcast station classes">Class A</a> radio station, broadcasting at 50,000 watts, the maximum power for commercial AM stations. It shares 1000 AM, a <a href="/wiki/Clear-channel_station" title="Clear-channel station">clear channel frequency</a>, with <a href="/wiki/KNWN_(AM)" title="KNWN (AM)">KNWN</a> in <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a> and <a href="/wiki/XEOY-AM" title="XEOY-AM">XEOY</a> in Mexico City. WMVP uses a <a href="/wiki/Directional_antenna" title="Directional antenna">directional antenna</a> to avoid interfering with those other stations. WMVP's powerful nighttime signal allows it to be heard by listeners around the <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern United States</a> and Central Canada. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WMVP&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_years">Early years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WMVP&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edward_Nockels.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/43/Edward_Nockels.jpg/150px-Edward_Nockels.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/43/Edward_Nockels.jpg/225px-Edward_Nockels.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/43/Edward_Nockels.jpg/300px-Edward_Nockels.jpg 2x" data-file-width="443" data-file-height="697" /></a><figcaption>Edward Nockels</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1922, the <a href="/wiki/American_Federation_of_Labor" title="American Federation of Labor">American Federation of Labor</a> began discussions regarding owning and operating its own radio station. By 1925, the AFL decided not to enter the broadcasting business but to purchase time for organized labor's message on commercially operated radio. The dream stayed alive with the Chicago Federation of Labor, who believed having an owned and operated radio station would be an effective way to spread its message. In 1924, the Federation gave its approval to work toward establishing a radio station.<sup id="cite_ref-Union_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Union-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original plan for WCFL called for it to be a non-commercial station, operating on the support of its listeners; in a sense it was one of the first large-scale efforts at <a href="/wiki/Public_radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Public radio">public radio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Spearheading the drive to make WCFL a reality was the Federation's Secretary, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Nockels" title="Edward Nockels">Edward Nockels</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> without his efforts, there would have been no radio station at all.<sup id="cite_ref-Union_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Union-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>WCFL officially began on December 4, 1925; the Federation's hopes were temporarily dashed when the <a href="/wiki/US_Department_of_Commerce" class="mw-redirect" title="US Department of Commerce">US Department of Commerce</a> (there was no <a href="/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">Federal Communications Commission</a> until 1934 and no <a href="/wiki/Federal_Radio_Commission" title="Federal Radio Commission">Federal Radio Commission</a> which preceded it until 1927) refused to grant WCFL a wavelength on January 13, 1926. Just five days after what could have become an end to the station, the Federation announced it would go ahead with building it anyway.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CFL_timeline_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CFL_timeline-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Aim_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aim-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Labor_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Navypierfromsouth.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Navypierfromsouth.JPG/220px-Navypierfromsouth.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Navypierfromsouth.JPG/330px-Navypierfromsouth.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Navypierfromsouth.JPG/440px-Navypierfromsouth.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Navy Pier, where WCFL's first transmitter was located. The Downers Grove site went into operation in 1932.</figcaption></figure> <p>The first WCFL transmitter stood on Chicago's <a href="/wiki/Navy_Pier" title="Navy Pier">Navy Pier</a> (then called Municipal Pier); the Federation was able to lease the pier's North Tower for 10 years at $1 per year and its willingness to make WCFL available for city broadcasts.<sup id="cite_ref-Labor_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Initially the <a href="/wiki/Illinois_Manufacturers%27_Association" title="Illinois Manufacturers' Association">Illinois Manufacturers' Association</a> attempted to keep WCFL off the air by protesting the use of public property for the station's transmitter and broadcasting site.<sup id="cite_ref-CFL_timeline_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CFL_timeline-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The station purchased the land in Downers Grove where the current transmitter operates in 1928 and broke ground there in 1932.<sup id="cite_ref-Fybush_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fybush-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Federation originally purchased 100 acres (0.40 km<sup>2</sup>) of land in the western suburb; 20 of them were allotted for the WCFL transmitter, while the other 80 were subdivided as lots for 258 homes and 72 businesses in "WCFL Park". Nockels believed having a union-based community spring up around the WCFL transmitter would be beneficial to both those purchasing lots and building homes and to the station itself. The labor union entered the real estate business shortly before the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression_in_the_United_States" title="Great Depression in the United States">Great Depression</a> hit. After selling no lots in the early part of the 1930s, the Federation put WCFL Park on hold, reviving it again in 1939 with the building of a model home on one of the lots, all of which would eventually be divested.<sup id="cite_ref-Labor_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>AM 1000 began operation as WCFL in test broadcasts on June 19, 1926; the Commerce Department granted it call letters on July 10, 1926. It was officially on the air the next day on 610 kHz, with 1,000 watts of power, one of the last non-profit radio stations to take to the airwaves.<sup id="cite_ref-Union_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Union-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CFL_timeline_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CFL_timeline-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Labor_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first broadcast consisted of two hours of music.<sup id="cite_ref-Voice_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Voice-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 1926, with an eye toward being self-sustaining, the Federation added a shortwave station to the Navy Pier transmitter site, planning to use WCFL Radio Telegraph to help offset broadcasting costs. The station initially used studios at Navy Pier, but during the winter of 1926–1927 found that the weather often made them inaccessible.<sup id="cite_ref-Labor_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 1927, WCFL was broadcasting from 623 South Wabash in Chicago (today the home of <a href="/wiki/Columbia_College_Chicago#Wabash_Campus_Building" title="Columbia College Chicago">Columbia College, Chicago</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-CFL_timeline_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CFL_timeline-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) producing a quarterly radio magazine, and operating on 620 kHz; the frequency being shared with the <a href="/wiki/Lane_Tech_High_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Lane Tech High School">Lane Tech High School</a> radio station, WLTS.<sup id="cite_ref-CFL_timeline_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CFL_timeline-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Aim_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aim-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HistoryCards_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HistoryCards-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1928, WCFL applied to the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Radio_Commission" title="Federal Radio Commission">Federal Radio Commission</a> for an increase in its transmitter power and hours of operation.<sup id="cite_ref-HistoryCards_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HistoryCards-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several other radio stations were now also operating on the 620 kHz frequency along with WCFL and the Lane Tech station.<sup id="cite_ref-Union_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Union-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The commission disagreed with the reasoning that such increases were necessary to serve union members.<sup id="cite_ref-Fairness_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fairness-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further, it cut the operating power of WCFL to only 1,500 watts.<sup id="cite_ref-Labor_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> General Order 40 brought WCFL to the 970 kHz frequency, shared with <a href="/wiki/KJR_(AM)" title="KJR (AM)">KJR</a> in Seattle, still at 1,500 watts and now allowed to operate in daylight only. The Federal Radio Commission had labeled the station as a "propaganda" type, not truly worthy of a license. The FRC would grant WCFL a 5,000-watt license in 1932,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but it would take some years of expensive discussions to attain clear-channel, 50,000-watt status.<sup id="cite_ref-Union_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Union-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While the original idea of a self-supporting WCFL was based on each Federation member's donation of $1 a year for all station operating expenses, by 1926, 30% of the membership had donated. The donations continued to spiral downward as time passed, especially after 1928, when WCFL's operating power was cut and it was limited to "dawn to dusk" broadcasting—from sunrise to sunset. The dawn-to-dusk operation limitations were lifted in 1929, but there was still no clear channel yet for WCFL.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1929 found the station notifying the Federation that unless members made their dollar donations, WCFL would need to implement some type of commercial broadcasting to stay afloat. This was the reason why the transmitter land had been purchased in 1928, but no construction was able to be done on the Downers Grove transmitter site until 1932. By 1930, commercials had become a reality on WCFL; the station did not show a profit until 1940.<sup id="cite_ref-Union_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Union-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Labor_13-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1927, WCFL broadcast the <a href="/wiki/Gene_Tunney" title="Gene Tunney">Gene Tunney</a>-<a href="/wiki/Jack_Dempsey" title="Jack Dempsey">Jack Dempsey</a> championship boxing match at <a href="/wiki/Soldier_Field" title="Soldier Field">Soldier Field</a>, challenging the <a href="/wiki/National_Broadcasting_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="National Broadcasting Company">National Broadcasting Company</a>'s exclusive claim to the event.<sup id="cite_ref-Labor_13-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This led to an arrangement whereby WCFL became one of three affiliates in Chicago of the <a href="/wiki/Blue_Network" title="Blue Network">Blue Network</a> of NBC;<sup id="cite_ref-Timeline_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Timeline-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> WCFL broadcast non-sponsored, or sustaining, NBC programs not carried by <a href="/wiki/WENR_(Chicago)" title="WENR (Chicago)">WENR</a> or <a href="/wiki/WLS_(AM)" title="WLS (AM)">WLS</a>, as well as selected major sporting events and any broadcast speeches by union leaders aired by the network. WCFL became a member of the <a href="/wiki/Mutual_Broadcasting_System" title="Mutual Broadcasting System">Mutual Broadcasting System</a> in December 1949.<sup id="cite_ref-Timeline_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Timeline-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">Federal Communications Commission</a> forced NBC to sell the Blue Network, WCFL's affiliation continued with the network through its new identity as the <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">American Broadcasting Company</a>, ending with the merger of WENR and WLS in 1959.<sup id="cite_ref-Blue_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blue-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prior to this, the station offered selected programming from the network.<sup id="cite_ref-Timeline_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Timeline-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> WCFL was also to become an affiliate of the <a href="/wiki/Amalgamated_Broadcasting_System" title="Amalgamated Broadcasting System">Amalgamated Broadcasting System</a> in 1933, but that network collapsed after only a month of operations, prior to its planned westward expansion from New York.<sup id="cite_ref-Labor_13-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The usual broadcast day included dance and classical music, comedy, as well as radio programs in 11 different languages designed to reach out to Chicago's immigrant population.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television,_WCFL-FM,_and_evolution_to_Top_40"><span id="Television.2C_WCFL-FM.2C_and_evolution_to_Top_40"></span>Television, WCFL-FM, and evolution to Top 40</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WMVP&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Television, WCFL-FM, and evolution to Top 40"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:American_Furniture_Mart_Building_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/American_Furniture_Mart_Building_2.JPG/200px-American_Furniture_Mart_Building_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/American_Furniture_Mart_Building_2.JPG/300px-American_Furniture_Mart_Building_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/American_Furniture_Mart_Building_2.JPG/400px-American_Furniture_Mart_Building_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>American Furniture Mart: Home to WCFL from 1931–1964.</figcaption></figure> <p>WCFL was also involved in early experimental television broadcasts, and operated a shortwave repeater station, <a href="/wiki/List_of_experimental_television_stations#W9XAA" title="List of experimental television stations">W9XAA</a>, in the 1930s. This was the first television station in Chicago.<sup id="cite_ref-Experimenters_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Experimenters-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 19, 1928, <a href="/wiki/Ulises_Armand_Sanabria" title="Ulises Armand Sanabria">Ulises Armand Sanabria</a>, a local television pioneer, made the first Chicago television broadcast using the WCFL Navy Pier transmitter to send the video portion of the signal and Chicago radio station WIBO<sup id="cite_ref-Experimenters_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Experimenters-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Magazine_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Magazine-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for the audio portion.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Those with receivers were able to see a head and shoulders view of Edward Nockels, the Federation secretary and driving force behind WCFL.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It's also possible the broadcast was simulcast by the WCFL shortwave station, W9XAA.<sup id="cite_ref-Magazine_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Magazine-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Accounts of later broadcasts at <a href="/wiki/WMAQ_(AM)" class="mw-redirect" title="WMAQ (AM)">WMAQ</a> specify their shortwave station was used for this purpose.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the Federation tried to revive their "WCFL Park" real estate project near the Downers Grove transmitter, the decision was made to abandon W9XAA in 1937, preferring to concentrate on gaining more transmitter power for WCFL. New Federal Communications Commission rules insisted that shortwave stations have a minimum of 5,000 watts of power; the cost to WCFL to upgrade to this level would have been around $10,000.<sup id="cite_ref-Labor_13-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1941 NARBA reallocation, WCFL moved to 1000 kHz.<sup id="cite_ref-HistoryCards_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HistoryCards-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same year, it was granted a Class 1-B clear channel license, and increased its power to 10,000 watts.<sup id="cite_ref-HistoryCards_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HistoryCards-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1948, its power was increased to 50,000 watts.<sup id="cite_ref-HistoryCards_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HistoryCards-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the fall of 1937, the station was one of several Chicago radio stations to donate airtime to <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Public_Schools" title="Chicago Public Schools">Chicago Public Schools</a> for <a href="/wiki/Distance_education_in_Chicago_Public_Schools_in_1937" title="Distance education in Chicago Public Schools in 1937">a pioneering program</a> in which the school district provided elementary school students with <a href="/wiki/Distance_education" title="Distance education">distance education</a> amid a <a href="/wiki/Polio" title="Polio">polio</a> outbreak-related school closure.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1948, the Federation was granted a license for an <a href="/wiki/FM_broadcasting" title="FM broadcasting">FM</a> radio station, WCFL-FM on 104.3 MHz. Its transmitter was atop the American Furniture Mart, where WCFL's studios and offices had been located since 1931. WCFL-FM went on the air March 12, 1949, and simulcast its sister AM station's programming for six hours a day–from 3 p.m. to 9 pm. This time the Federation was impatient for its new radio station to become profitable, having gone from 1926 to 1940 before WCFL was "in the black".<sup id="cite_ref-Labor_13-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On January 10, 1950, WCFL-FM went off the air permanently; the Federation believed its dollars were better spent for its AM radio station. (Today, the frequency is occupied by <a href="/wiki/WBMX" title="WBMX">WBMX</a>, and the call letters belong to a <a href="/wiki/WBGL" title="WBGL">station in Morris, Illinois</a> that is now owned by University of Northwestern – St. Paul.) </p><p>During the 1940s, the Federation's thoughts turned once again to television, and in 1953, it applied for <a href="/wiki/VHF" class="mw-redirect" title="VHF">VHF</a> channel 11 in Chicago. The Federation lost the bid to the city's educational groups, who would put <a href="/wiki/WTTW" title="WTTW">WTTW</a> on the air in 1955. An early 1960s try netted the Federation a license for Chicago <a href="/wiki/UHF" class="mw-redirect" title="UHF">UHF</a> channel 38. In June 1968, plans were made for building a transmitter and antenna atop Chicago's <a href="/wiki/John_Hancock_Center" title="John Hancock Center">John Hancock Center</a>, as well as other construction needs to get WCFL-TV on the air. By late 1970, the Federation had begun to look at other uses for the station's license which didn't involve the organization. Christian Communications purchased WCFL-TV in August 1975, with the FCC approving the license transfer in early 1976. At the time of the sale, WCFL-TV had yet to be on the air; it became WCFC-TV and, later, <a href="/wiki/WCPX-TV" title="WCPX-TV">WCPX-TV</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Labor_13-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The station carried general entertainment over the decades, but by the late 1950s, WCFL evolved into a <a href="/wiki/Popular_music" title="Popular music">popular music</a> station, which had banned all <a href="/wiki/Elvis_Presley" title="Elvis Presley">Elvis Presley</a> records from its playlist in late November 1957.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pre-Top 40 talent lineup included Dan Sorkin<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the morning, Mike Rapchak following him and Sid McCoy's all-night jazz program. It was Sorkin who introduced a young Chicago comedian, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Newhart" title="Bob Newhart">Bob Newhart</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a> in 1959.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bob_Elson" title="Bob Elson">Bob Elson</a> did both <a href="/wiki/White_Sox" class="mw-redirect" title="White Sox">White Sox</a> games and interviewed celebrities at <a href="/wiki/The_Pump_Room" title="The Pump Room">The Pump Room</a>; his sports cohort, <a href="/wiki/Milo_Hamilton" title="Milo Hamilton">Milo Hamilton</a>, also wore two hats, talking football and playing music.<sup id="cite_ref-Labor_13-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rapchak, who quit on the air in 1965 due to WCFL's new format, returned there in 1978, once again playing <a href="/wiki/Big_band" title="Big band">big band</a> and jazz music.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Draper_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Draper-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Top_40_at_the_"Voice_of_Labor""><span id="Top_40_at_the_.22Voice_of_Labor.22"></span>Top 40 at the "Voice of Labor"</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WMVP&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Top 40 at the "Voice of Labor""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Marina_City_-_Chicago,_Illinois.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Marina_City_-_Chicago%2C_Illinois.JPG/200px-Marina_City_-_Chicago%2C_Illinois.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Marina_City_-_Chicago%2C_Illinois.JPG/300px-Marina_City_-_Chicago%2C_Illinois.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Marina_City_-_Chicago%2C_Illinois.JPG/400px-Marina_City_-_Chicago%2C_Illinois.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a><figcaption>Marina City–WCFL's address from 1964 to 1985. The commercial building where the station was located is behind the towers.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WCFL_logo1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/WCFL_logo1.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a><figcaption>WCFL logo from 1965 to c. 1972</figcaption></figure> <p>Between 1963 and 1965, WLS was the only Top 40 station in Chicago. This situation was unusual, as most major cities had two or even three stations featuring pop music. Consequently, WLS had become somewhat complacent as it had no real competitors. This all changed in 1965, when WCFL became a <a href="/wiki/Top_40" title="Top 40">Top 40</a> music station, competing with WLS. The station also moved from the <a href="/wiki/American_Furniture_Mart" class="mw-redirect" title="American Furniture Mart">American Furniture Mart</a> where it had been since 1931,<sup id="cite_ref-HistoryCards_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HistoryCards-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dedication_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dedication-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to the then new <a href="/wiki/Marina_City" title="Marina City">Marina City</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where it remained for the next 20 years.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the station itself was on the 16th floor of the Commercial Building (today the Hotel Chicago Downtown),<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> WCFL also had a "VIP Room" on the fifth floor where the "WCFL VIPs" (DJs) hosted various events such as record parties and autograph sessions for listeners who were members of the WCFL VIP Club.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the station's first promotions was the "Bold" campaign-describing itself as a bold, new way of presenting today's music and its listeners (who wore "I'm Bold!" buttons) as bold enough to want a change. </p><p>General Manager Ken Draper<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ran the station from 1965 to 1968 and brought many of the original staffers with him from the big Cleveland station <a href="/wiki/WTAM" title="WTAM">KYW/WKYC</a> he had run before.<sup id="cite_ref-Voice_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Voice-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Draper_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Draper-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Charts_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Charts-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These included not only DJs but also chief engineer Mike King<sup id="cite_ref-Everywhere_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Everywhere-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (later, Jim Loupas),<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and members of the crack newsroom team, which included the unstoppable Jeff Kamen.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> WCFL gained fame in 1966 when Kamen followed Chicago Civil Rights leader and comedy star <a href="/wiki/Dick_Gregory" title="Dick Gregory">Dick Gregory</a> to Mississippi and was beaten by KKK members while reporting on a voter registration protest. The network TV film of the attack was seen by millions, with a still picture appearing on newspapers' front pages.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prior to Draper's establishment of an eight-person news department, news was gathered by taking the copy from the station's news wires and reading it on the air.<sup id="cite_ref-Draper_36-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Draper-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In their Top 40 years, some famous disc jockeys on WCFL included <a href="/wiki/Jim_Runyon" title="Jim Runyon">Jim Runyon</a>, Joel Sebastian,<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dick Williamson, (who was already with WCFL at the time of the format change),<sup id="cite_ref-Draper_36-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Draper-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Jim_Stagg" class="mw-redirect" title="Jim Stagg">Jim Stagg</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Draper_36-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Draper-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ron Britain,<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ("America's First Psychedelic Disk Johnny"), who did a second stint at the station in 1978,<sup id="cite_ref-King_B_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-King_B-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the legendary <a href="/wiki/Dick_Biondi" title="Dick Biondi">Dick Biondi</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whose <a href="/wiki/Mutual_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutual Radio">Mutual Radio</a> syndicated <i>Dick Biondi's Young America</i> show was heard here 3 years before his actual arrival,<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Barney Pip,<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ron Riley,<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Sid McCoy and <a href="/wiki/Yvonne_Daniels" title="Yvonne Daniels">Yvonne Daniels</a> with late night jazz<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> during the earliest days of the change to Top 40.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In late 1966, WKYC popular afternoon DJ Jerry Ghan (now <a href="/wiki/Jerry_G._Bishop" title="Jerry G. Bishop">Jerry G. Bishop</a>) also decided to follow Draper to WCFL for morning drive.<sup id="cite_ref-Jerry_G._Bishop,_1936–2013_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jerry_G._Bishop,_1936–2013-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, WIND's former long-time <a href="/wiki/Dayparting" title="Dayparting">morning man</a> Howard Miller,<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who was a decided departure from the youthful staff, came to helm WCFL's 6-9AM spot in 1968.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was replaced before long by <a href="/wiki/Clark_Weber" title="Clark Weber">Clark Weber</a>, long-time <a href="/wiki/WLS_(AM)" title="WLS (AM)">WLS</a> morning man.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WCFL_Sound_10_survey_October_1966_Beatles_Jim_Stagg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/WCFL_Sound_10_survey_October_1966_Beatles_Jim_Stagg.jpg/220px-WCFL_Sound_10_survey_October_1966_Beatles_Jim_Stagg.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/WCFL_Sound_10_survey_October_1966_Beatles_Jim_Stagg.jpg/330px-WCFL_Sound_10_survey_October_1966_Beatles_Jim_Stagg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/WCFL_Sound_10_survey_October_1966_Beatles_Jim_Stagg.jpg/440px-WCFL_Sound_10_survey_October_1966_Beatles_Jim_Stagg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1245" /></a><figcaption>WCFL Sound 10 Survey, October 1966. Jim Stagg is shown with <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">the Beatles</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The DJ secretary during this era was <a href="/wiki/Connie_Szerszen" title="Connie Szerszen">Connie Szerszen</a>, who went on to forge her own career on the air in Chicago radio, appearing on <a href="/wiki/WIND_(AM)" title="WIND (AM)">WIND</a> and other stations. WCFL general manager Ken Draper also hired <a href="/wiki/Carole_Simpson" title="Carole Simpson">Carole Simpson</a> as one of radio's first female newscasters; Carole went on to a big career with ABC-TV. Also on staff at that time was continuity director Barbara Sternig, who left for Los Angeles once <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">the Beatles</a> broke up, became Rona Barrett's writer, and later Senior Reporter in Hollywood for the National Enquirer.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Draper is also credited with the introduction of the Sound 10/WCFL survey, which became a competitor to the WLS "Silver Dollar Survey" that station issued weekly beginning in 1960.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1966 to 1970, the station produced six "branded" record albums.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later in the "SuperCFL" era, <a href="/wiki/Larry_Lujack" title="Larry Lujack">Larry Lujack</a><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Art Roberts<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> came to WCFL. </p><p>WCFL's coverage of the Beatles 1965<sup id="cite_ref-group_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-group-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 1966<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> U.S. tours was provided by <a href="/wiki/Jim_Stagg" class="mw-redirect" title="Jim Stagg">Jim Stagg</a>, who traveled with the group.<sup id="cite_ref-group_80-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-group-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The station began a weekly <i>British Countdown</i> program with British DJ Paul Michael, in 1965.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the late 1960s and early 1970s, WCFL also featured a popular Sunday night program of "underground" <a href="/wiki/Album-oriented_rock" title="Album-oriented rock">album-oriented</a> music called <i>Ron Britain's Subterranean Circus</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Timeline_21-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Timeline-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-King_B_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-King_B-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to madcap DJ Britain's sure ear for the innovative and his highly inventive sketches,<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> plus WCFL's powerful AM nighttime signal, these programs gained huge listenership not just in the Chicago area, but in other parts of the country as well. Britain's "Sub Circus" made WCFL one of the few AM stations to feature this kind of music, which was a major staple of "underground" FM stations.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The station also supported local bands with its Sunday evening "Chicago Countdown", hosted by Ron Britain, featuring the recordings of Chicago area music groups.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The comedy feature <i><a href="/wiki/Chickenman_(radio_series)" title="Chickenman (radio series)">Chickenman</a></i>, a satire based on the <i>Batman</i> TV series, originated on Jim Runyon's morning drive-time show in the fall of 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was created by WCFL staffer <a href="/wiki/Dick_Orkin" title="Dick Orkin">Dick Orkin</a>, who was also brought from Cleveland to Chicago by Ken Draper.<sup id="cite_ref-Everywhere_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Everywhere-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All the voices were done by Orkin, Runyon, and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Runyon" title="Jim Runyon">Jane Roberts</a>, who also did WCFL's morning traffic reports as "Trooper 36-24-36" (She became Mrs. Jim Runyon.).<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Chickenman</i> program was subsequently <a href="/wiki/Broadcast_syndication" title="Broadcast syndication">syndicated</a> to radio stations worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 1968, sales manager Lew Witz replaced Draper as WCFL general manager. Witz continued to make changes to the station during his tenure. It was Witz who lured Larry Lujack away from WLS in 1972, and the "less talk-more music" philosophy continued. On August 8, 1974, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> announced his resignation from the office of President of the United States. The announcement occurred at 8 pm. Chicago time, but there was no acknowledgement of it on WCFL's airwaves until 11:30 pm. Witz defended his decision by saying there was ample local and national coverage of the story so there was no need to interrupt the music on WCFL. Gary Deeb, media critic for the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a>, blasted Witz in print, saying it was this decision and many others like it that turned WCFL from, "a bright, civic-minded 50,000 watt rock powerhouse into a sonic slum".<sup id="cite_ref-Deeb_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Deeb-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the time the station prepared to enter its "Beautiful Music" phase in early 1976, Witz had totally done away with WCFL's <a href="/wiki/Broadcast_journalism" title="Broadcast journalism">news department</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Labor_13-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the management of Witz, the station's turntables used for transferring music onto <a href="/wiki/Fidelipac" title="Fidelipac">tape cartridges</a> for broadcast were speeded up from <a href="/wiki/45rpm" class="mw-redirect" title="45rpm">45rpm</a> to 48rpm. This was meant to make for a "brighter sound" than the station's main rival, WLS, and meant that since it was faster, more music could be aired. Witz also insisted his on-air personalities broadcast false time checks, in the event listeners might be part of <a href="/wiki/Arbitron" class="mw-redirect" title="Arbitron">Arbitron</a> ratings households.<sup id="cite_ref-Deeb_100-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Deeb-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An <a href="/wiki/Internet_radio" title="Internet radio">internet radio</a> tribute station to this era of WCFL was launched on Labor Day 2013, including original <a href="/wiki/Aircheck" title="Aircheck">airchecks</a>, commercials, <a href="/wiki/Jingle" title="Jingle">jingles</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/Chickenman_(radio_series)" title="Chickenman (radio series)">Chickenman</a></i> episodes; jingle producer <a href="/wiki/Jones_Radio_Networks" title="Jones Radio Networks">TM Productions</a> waived its licensing fees to assist J. R. Russ, developer of the internet station.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_end_of_"Super_CFL"_and_the_sale_to_Mutual"><span id="The_end_of_.22Super_CFL.22_and_the_sale_to_Mutual"></span>The end of "Super CFL" and the sale to Mutual</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WMVP&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: The end of "Super CFL" and the sale to Mutual"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On March 15, 1976, after two years of falling ratings, WCFL abruptly dropped its Top 40 format in favor of <i>The World's Most <a href="/wiki/Beautiful_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Beautiful Music">Beautiful Music</a></i>, leaving WLS as Chicago's only AM Top 40 station.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Station management released all disc jockeys who did not have "no cut" clauses in their contracts with the official explanation of the format change as "being more in keeping with the labor movement".<sup id="cite_ref-Labor_13-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Larry_Lujack" title="Larry Lujack">Larry Lujack</a>, still under contract with the station, stayed on at WCFL playing easy listening music until moving back to WLS in September 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-Lujack_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lujack-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The easy listening format was already heard in stereo on FM beautiful music stations <a href="/wiki/WTBC-FM" title="WTBC-FM">WLOO</a> and <a href="/wiki/WLIT" class="mw-redirect" title="WLIT">WLAK</a>. By 1978, the easy sounds were replaced by a gold-based <a href="/wiki/Adult_contemporary" class="mw-redirect" title="Adult contemporary">adult contemporary</a> format.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>WCFL and the Chicago Federation of Labor enjoyed the support of Mayor <a href="/wiki/Richard_J._Daley" title="Richard J. Daley">Richard J. Daley</a> throughout his 1955–1976 administration. He proclaimed January 11, 1966, as "WCFL Day in Chicago" to mark the 40th anniversary of the station.<sup id="cite_ref-Timeline_21-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Timeline-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1976, when it became evident it was time for the Federation to sell the radio station, Federation President William A. Lee turned to his long-time friend, Mayor Daley, for advice.<sup id="cite_ref-Labor_13-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After deciding its profit margin was too small for the Chicago Federation of Labor to maintain, on April 10, 1978, it was announced that WCFL would be sold to the <a href="/wiki/Mutual_Broadcasting_System" title="Mutual Broadcasting System">Mutual Broadcasting System</a>, at the time a subsidiary of the <a href="/wiki/Amway_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Amway Corporation">Amway Corporation</a>, for $12 million.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The history of the first and longest-lived labor radio station was over; after nearly 52 years, the "Voice of Labor" had been stilled.<sup id="cite_ref-Labor_13-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The station began to identify itself as "Mutual/CFL". A magazine-type news/talk format was adopted, with sports talk in the evening hours and the <a href="/wiki/Radio_syndication" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio syndication">syndicated</a> <a href="/wiki/Larry_King" title="Larry King">Larry King</a> Show overnight, but ratings remained low. In January 1981, WCFL flipped to a <a href="/wiki/Middle_of_the_road_(music)" title="Middle of the road (music)">middle of the road</a> format playing <a href="/wiki/Adult_standards" title="Adult standards">adult standards</a> and pop hits of the 1950s and '60s mixed in with some softer oldies and AC cuts, and even a few currents. Ratings were still low; and later that year, WCFL evolved into an <a href="/wiki/Adult_contemporary" class="mw-redirect" title="Adult contemporary">adult contemporary</a> format.<sup id="cite_ref-Labor_13-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religious_years">Religious years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WMVP&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Religious years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WCFL_(WMVP)_transmitter_building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/WCFL_%28WMVP%29_transmitter_building.jpg/220px-WCFL_%28WMVP%29_transmitter_building.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/WCFL_%28WMVP%29_transmitter_building.jpg/330px-WCFL_%28WMVP%29_transmitter_building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/WCFL_%28WMVP%29_transmitter_building.jpg/440px-WCFL_%28WMVP%29_transmitter_building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Station's transmitter building</figcaption></figure> <p>On November 4, 1983, WCFL was sold by Mutual to Statewide Broadcasting.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Statewide switched WCFL to adult <a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Christian_music" title="Contemporary Christian music">contemporary Christian music</a> about 10 hours a day and teaching programs the rest of the time on May 22, 1984. WCFL sold <a href="/wiki/Brokered_programming" title="Brokered programming">brokered programming</a> in 30-minute blocks of time to <a href="/wiki/Christian_radio" title="Christian radio">Christian radio</a> organizations and preachers. The format was profitable but received low ratings. At that time, WCFL advertised its call letters as standing for "Winning Chicago For The Lord". In early 1985, the station moved from <a href="/wiki/Marina_City" title="Marina City">Marina City</a> into the backup studio at its original <a href="/wiki/Transmitter" title="Transmitter">transmitter</a> building in <a href="/wiki/Downers_Grove" class="mw-redirect" title="Downers Grove">Downers Grove</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fybush_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fybush-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Statewide Broadcasting specialized in religious formats but merged with a secular company called <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Heftel" title="Cecil Heftel">Heftel Broadcasting</a> in early 1987.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WCFLMerger_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCFLMerger-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although no longer in use, the former call letters WCFL, rendered massively in stainless steel, remain on the exterior wall of the transmitter building off 39th Street in <a href="/wiki/Downers_Grove" class="mw-redirect" title="Downers Grove">Downers Grove</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fybush_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fybush-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1000_WLUP">1000 WLUP</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WMVP&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1000 WLUP"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the Heftel takeover, WCFL remained religious alongside <a href="/wiki/Album-oriented_rock" title="Album-oriented rock">AOR</a>-formatted <a href="/wiki/WCKL_(FM)" title="WCKL (FM)">WLUP</a> (which had been purchased by Heftel in 1979)<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> until just after the stroke of midnight on April 29, 1987.<sup id="cite_ref-Labor_13-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Labor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WCFLMerger_115-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCFLMerger-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The call letters of the station were changed to WLUP, and its FM <a href="/wiki/Sister_station" title="Sister station">sister station</a> became WLUP-FM.<sup id="cite_ref-CallSign_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CallSign-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> WLUP-FM remained an AOR station, while WLUP switched to a full service rock format focusing on personality, comedy and talk programs with a few rock cuts an hour. After 7 pm, WLUP and WLUP-FM simulcast the AOR format until dawn.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As it concentrated on Spanish radio, Heftel sold its English-language stations, including WLUP-AM-FM; Evergreen Media bought WLUP-AM-FM in 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From October 1992 until August 1993, WLUP (AM) was the first Chicago <a href="/wiki/Network_affiliate" title="Network affiliate">affiliate</a> for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Howard_Stern_Show" title="The Howard Stern Show">The Howard Stern Show</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WMVP">WMVP</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WMVP&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: WMVP"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WMVP_1000_AM_ESPN_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/WMVP_1000_AM_ESPN_logo.svg/150px-WMVP_1000_AM_ESPN_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/WMVP_1000_AM_ESPN_logo.svg/225px-WMVP_1000_AM_ESPN_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/WMVP_1000_AM_ESPN_logo.svg/300px-WMVP_1000_AM_ESPN_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="133" /></a><figcaption>ESPN 1000 logo used from 2008 to 2012.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WLS-TV_WMVP_Studios_%26_Gene_Siskel_Film_Center.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/WLS-TV_WMVP_Studios_%26_Gene_Siskel_Film_Center.jpg/200px-WLS-TV_WMVP_Studios_%26_Gene_Siskel_Film_Center.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/WLS-TV_WMVP_Studios_%26_Gene_Siskel_Film_Center.jpg/300px-WLS-TV_WMVP_Studios_%26_Gene_Siskel_Film_Center.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/WLS-TV_WMVP_Studios_%26_Gene_Siskel_Film_Center.jpg/400px-WLS-TV_WMVP_Studios_%26_Gene_Siskel_Film_Center.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>WMVP's streetside studio on North State Street with WLS-TV, located in front of the entrance to the <a href="/wiki/Lake_station_(CTA)" title="Lake station (CTA)">Lake station</a> for the <a href="/wiki/CTA_Red_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="CTA Red Line">CTA Red Line</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Initially, the AM and FM stations remained the same under Evergreen. But on September 27, 1993, WLUP-FM switched to a full-service talk/comedy format, while WLUP (AM) became <a href="/wiki/Sports_radio" title="Sports radio">all-sports</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Feder10593_124-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Feder10593-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To differentiate between WLUP-FM and to reflect the new format, WLUP's call sign changed to WMVP, for "<a href="/wiki/Most_Valuable_Player" class="mw-redirect" title="Most Valuable Player">Most Valuable Player</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-ct940117_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ct940117-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Feder10593_124-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Feder10593-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> WMVP's schedule included some nationally syndicated shows such as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Fabulous_Sports_Babe" title="The Fabulous Sports Babe">The Fabulous Sports Babe</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Scott_Ferrall" title="Scott Ferrall"><i>Ferrall on the Bench</i></a> as well as play-by-play of local sports games. Despite broadcasting 24/7, the station trailed in the ratings to (at the time) daytime-only <a href="/wiki/WCPT_(AM)" title="WCPT (AM)">WSCR (<span class="hMeasure frequency"><span class="num">820</span> <span class="unit">AM</span></span>)</a> and to <a href="/wiki/WSCR" title="WSCR">WMAQ</a>'s <i>Sports Huddle</i> at night. WMVP dropped its all sports format at 6 a.m. on June 5, 1996, the day before the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bulls" title="Chicago Bulls">Chicago Bulls</a> opened the <a href="/wiki/NBA_Finals" title="NBA Finals">NBA Finals</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Seattle_SuperSonics" title="Seattle SuperSonics">Seattle SuperSonics</a>, and returned to mostly simulcasting WLUP-FM.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> WMVP did carry its own night-time sports talk program, and play-by-play broadcasts of the <a href="/wiki/White_Sox" class="mw-redirect" title="White Sox">White Sox</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blackhawks" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackhawks">Blackhawks</a> and Bulls, and would later air some shows from hosts who were moved over from the FM beginning that September.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Evergreen later merged with Chancellor and sold WLUP-FM to <a href="/wiki/Bonneville_International" title="Bonneville International">Bonneville International</a> in July 1997, with WMVP permanently splitting from WLUP-FM. WMVP began airing its own talk/sports format, simply called "AM 1000".<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 1998, WMVP was sold by Chancellor to ABC/Disney, and flipped back to sports on October 12, this time affiliated with co-owned <a href="/wiki/ESPN_Radio" title="ESPN Radio">ESPN Radio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Good_Karma_Brands_takeover">Good Karma Brands takeover</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WMVP&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Good Karma Brands takeover"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On August 28, 2019, it was announced by ESPN Radio that day-to-day management of the station would move from direct purview by ESPN to a management agreement with <a href="/wiki/Good_Karma_Brands" title="Good Karma Brands">Good Karma Brands</a>, a company owned by <a href="/wiki/Craig_Karmazin" title="Craig Karmazin">Craig Karmazin</a> which has had sustained success running ESPN Radio stations to the north in <a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin">Madison</a> and <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee</a>, along with <a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Palm_Beach,_Florida" title="West Palm Beach, Florida">West Palm Beach, Florida</a>. General manager, Jim Pastor, retired at the end of the year, with Good Karma beginning to operate the station on September 29, 2019, under a lease with Disney (no information about a conversion to an eventual station purchase has been revealed). </p><p>The lease makes WMVP a sister station to GKB's Milwaukee cluster of <a href="/wiki/WTMJ_(AM)" title="WTMJ (AM)">WTMJ</a>, <a href="/wiki/WKTI" title="WKTI">WKTI</a>, <a href="/wiki/WGKB" title="WGKB">WGKB</a>, and <a href="/wiki/WAUK" title="WAUK">WAUK</a>, and the Madison market's <a href="/wiki/WTLX" title="WTLX">WTLX</a> (WTMJ carries a local news/talk format, with WGKB airing local format of Black talk). No changes to personnel and facilities in the near future are currently expected under the lease agreement,<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though the station's morning schedule was adjusted in August 2020 due to the national network's large-scale schedule overhaul.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In late June 2021, GKB entered into an agreement with <a href="/wiki/Hubbard_Broadcasting" title="Hubbard Broadcasting">Hubbard Broadcasting</a> to simulcast WMVP in <a href="/wiki/HD_Radio" title="HD Radio">HD Radio</a>, over <a href="/wiki/WSHE-FM" class="mw-redirect" title="WSHE-FM">WSHE-FM</a> (100.3)'s HD2 subchannel to allow FM access to the station in some manner.<sup id="cite_ref-hd2ri_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hd2ri-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2021, Andrew Marchand of the <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Post" title="New York Post">New York Post</a></i> reported that GKB planned to acquire WMVP outright.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The deal was filed with the FCC on December 20, and did not include WMVP's current transmitter site.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The purchase was consummated on March 1, 2022. In August 2023, Good Karma applied to the FCC to move WMVP's transmitter from its longtime site in Downers Grove to <a href="/wiki/WCPT_(AM)" title="WCPT (AM)">WCPT</a>'s transmitter site near <a href="/wiki/Joliet,_Illinois" title="Joliet, Illinois">Joliet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 1, 2022, the NFL's <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears" title="Chicago Bears">Chicago Bears</a> announced that they would move their radio flagship to WMVP starting in the <a href="/wiki/2023_NFL_season" title="2023 NFL season">2023 season</a>, replacing a 22-season long stint with <a href="/wiki/WBBM_(AM)" title="WBBM (AM)">WBBM</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WMVP&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-HistoryCards-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HistoryCards_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HistoryCards_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HistoryCards_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HistoryCards_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HistoryCards_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HistoryCards_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HistoryCards_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cdbs.recnet.com/corres/?doc=51160">History Cards for WMVP</a>, fcc.gov. Retrieved August 8, 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enterpriseefiling.fcc.gov/dataentry/public/tv/publicFacilityTechDetails.html?facilityId=73303">"Facility Technical Data for WMVP"</a>. <i>Licensing and Management System</i>. <a href="/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">Federal Communications Commission</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Licensing+and+Management+System&rft.atitle=Facility+Technical+Data+for+WMVP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenterpriseefiling.fcc.gov%2Fdataentry%2Fpublic%2Ftv%2FpublicFacilityTechDetails.html%3FfacilityId%3D73303&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hd2ri-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hd2ri_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hd2ri_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVenta2021" class="citation web cs1">Venta, Lance (June 21, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://radioinsight.com/headlines/209853/wmvp-adds-hd-simulcast/">"WMVP Adds HD Simulcast"</a>. <i>radioinsight.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 23,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=radioinsight.com&rft.atitle=WMVP+Adds+HD+Simulcast&rft.date=2021-06-21&rft.aulast=Venta&rft.aufirst=Lance&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fradioinsight.com%2Fheadlines%2F209853%2Fwmvp-adds-hd-simulcast%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenthal2020" class="citation news cs1">Rosenthal, Phil (November 20, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/sports/white-sox/ct-chicago-white-sox-radio-espn-1000-20201112-p2vqaqxssrbptnfp7o5eaeex7e-story.html">"Chicago White Sox name WMVP-AM 1000 their new radio home in a multiyear deal"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 11,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Chicago+White+Sox+name+WMVP-AM+1000+their+new+radio+home+in+a+multiyear+deal&rft.date=2020-11-20&rft.aulast=Rosenthal&rft.aufirst=Phil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2Fsports%2Fwhite-sox%2Fct-chicago-white-sox-radio-espn-1000-20201112-p2vqaqxssrbptnfp7o5eaeex7e-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fybush-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fybush_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fybush_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fybush_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fybush_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFybush,_Scott2008" class="citation web cs1">Fybush, Scott (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fybush.com/sites/2008/site-080118.html">"WCFL/WMVP transmitter"</a>. Fybush<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 19,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WCFL%2FWMVP+transmitter&rft.pub=Fybush&rft.date=2008&rft.au=Fybush%2C+Scott&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fybush.com%2Fsites%2F2008%2Fsite-080118.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Union-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Union_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Union_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Union_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Union_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Union_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Union_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcChesney1995" class="citation book cs1">McChesney, Robert, ed. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WuY7t7Cr5GoC&pg=PA63"><i>Telecommunications, Mass Media, and Democracy: The Battle for the Control of U.S. Broadcasting, 1928-1935</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p. 416. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-509394-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-509394-1"><bdi>0-19-509394-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 10,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Telecommunications%2C+Mass+Media%2C+and+Democracy%3A+The+Battle+for+the+Control+of+U.S.+Broadcasting%2C+1928-1935&rft.pages=416&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-19-509394-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWuY7t7Cr5GoC%26pg%3DPA63&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchardt,_Sue1996" class="citation web cs1">Schardt, Sue (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110809080512/http://www.wsvh.org/pubradiohist.htm">"Public Radio-A Short History"</a>. <i>The Christian Science Monitor</i>. Archived from the original on August 9, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Christian+Science+Monitor&rft.atitle=Public+Radio-A+Short+History&rft.date=1996&rft.au=Schardt%2C+Sue&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsvh.org%2Fpubradiohist.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100215225445/http://www.library.gsu.edu/dlib/iam/getBrandedPDF.asp?issue_id=1725">"WCFL, 'Voice of Labor' at Chicago, starts 39th year of radio broadcasts"</a>. The Machinist. July 9, 1964. Archived from the original on February 15, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WCFL%2C+%27Voice+of+Labor%27+at+Chicago%2C+starts+39th+year+of+radio+broadcasts&rft.pub=The+Machinist&rft.date=1964-07-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.library.gsu.edu%2Fdlib%2Fiam%2FgetBrandedPDF.asp%3Fissue_id%3D1725&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080509150042/http://www.kentlaw.edu/ilhs/1987.htm">"Illinois Union Hall of Honor-Edward Nockels"</a>. Illinois Labor History Society. 1987. Archived from the original on May 9, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Illinois+Union+Hall+of+Honor-Edward+Nockels&rft.pub=Illinois+Labor+History+Society&rft.date=1987&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kentlaw.edu%2Filhs%2F1987.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030813000018/http://www.manteno.com/wcfl/history/index.html">"History of WCFL Radio"</a>. Manteno. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manteno.com/wcfl/history/index.html">the original</a> on August 13, 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 22,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+WCFL+Radio&rft.pub=Manteno&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manteno.com%2Fwcfl%2Fhistory%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CFL_timeline-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CFL_timeline_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CFL_timeline_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CFL_timeline_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CFL_timeline_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CFL_timeline_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030819223557/http://www.manteno.com/wcfl/history/050.html">"Origination of WCFL-transcript"</a>. Chicago Federation of Labor. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manteno.com/wcfl/history/050.html">the original</a> on August 19, 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 22,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Origination+of+WCFL-transcript&rft.pub=Chicago+Federation+of+Labor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manteno.com%2Fwcfl%2Fhistory%2F050.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Aim-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Aim_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aim_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030819223237/http://www.manteno.com/wcfl/history/051.html">"Aim and objective of WCFL-transcript"</a>. Chicago Federation of Labor. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manteno.com/wcfl/history/051.html">the original</a> on August 19, 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 22,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aim+and+objective+of+WCFL-transcript&rft.pub=Chicago+Federation+of+Labor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manteno.com%2Fwcfl%2Fhistory%2F051.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Labor-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Labor_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Labor_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Labor_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Labor_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Labor_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Labor_13-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Labor_13-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Labor_13-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Labor_13-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Labor_13-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Labor_13-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Labor_13-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Labor_13-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Labor_13-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Labor_13-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Labor_13-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Labor_13-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Labor_13-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Labor_13-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGodfried1997" class="citation book cs1">Godfried, Nathan, ed. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wd_PDZkvS8cC&q=dick+biondi&pg=PA284"><i>WCFL, Chicago's Voice of Labor, 1926-78</i></a>. University of Illinois Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">281–</span>290. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-252-06592-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-252-06592-1"><bdi>0-252-06592-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 6,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=WCFL%2C+Chicago%27s+Voice+of+Labor%2C+1926-78&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E281-%3C%2Fspan%3E290&rft.pub=University+of+Illinois+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-252-06592-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dwd_PDZkvS8cC%26q%3Ddick%2Bbiondi%26pg%3DPA284&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Voice-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Voice_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Voice_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFritz,_Jose2005" class="citation web cs1">Fritz, Jose (November 21, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tenwatts.blogspot.com/2005_11_01_archive.html">"Chicago's Voice of Labor"</a>. Arcane Radio Trivia<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chicago%27s+Voice+of+Labor&rft.pub=Arcane+Radio+Trivia&rft.date=2005-11-21&rft.au=Fritz%2C+Jose&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftenwatts.blogspot.com%2F2005_11_01_archive.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100603174641/http://www.colum.edu/About_Columbia/Maps_-_Building_Directories/623_S._Wabash_Building.php">"Columbia College Chicago South Michigan Campus"</a>. Columbia College. Archived from the original on June 3, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 10,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Columbia+College+Chicago+South+Michigan+Campus&rft.pub=Columbia+College&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.colum.edu%2FAbout_Columbia%2FMaps_-_Building_Directories%2F623_S._Wabash_Building.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fairness-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fairness_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimmons1978" class="citation book cs1">Simmons, Steven J., ed. (1978). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fairnessdoctrine0000simm"><i>Fairness Doctrine and the Media</i></a></span>. University of California Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fairnessdoctrine0000simm/page/33">33</a>–35. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-520-03585-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-520-03585-2"><bdi>0-520-03585-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 19,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fairness+Doctrine+and+the+Media&rft.pages=33-35&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=0-520-03585-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffairnessdoctrine0000simm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGodfried1997" class="citation book cs1">Godfried, Nathan (1997). <i>WCFL, Chicago's Voice of Labor, 1926-78</i>. Google Books: University of Illinois Press. p. 102.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=WCFL%2C+Chicago%27s+Voice+of+Labor%2C+1926-78&rft.place=Google+Books&rft.pages=102&rft.pub=University+of+Illinois+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Godfried&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReid,_Frank_R.1930" class="citation web cs1">Reid, Frank R. (May 19, 1930). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newberry.org/outspoken/exhibitimages/2c02.jpg">"Remarks of Honorable Frank R. Reid of Illinois"</a>. U. S. House of Representatives<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 22,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Remarks+of+Honorable+Frank+R.+Reid+of+Illinois&rft.pub=U.+S.+House+of+Representatives&rft.date=1930-05-19&rft.au=Reid%2C+Frank+R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newberry.org%2Foutspoken%2Fexhibitimages%2F2c02.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewton-Matza,_Mitchell1999" class="citation web cs1">Newton-Matza, Mitchell (December 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://depts.washington.edu/labhist/laborpress/Mitchell.htm">"There's A Rumbling In The Air: The Importance And Influence Of The Labor Press In Chicago"</a>. Illinois History Symposium<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=There%27s+A+Rumbling+In+The+Air%3A+The+Importance+And+Influence+Of+The+Labor+Press+In+Chicago&rft.pub=Illinois+History+Symposium&rft.date=1999-12&rft.au=Newton-Matza%2C+Mitchell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdepts.washington.edu%2Flabhist%2Flaborpress%2FMitchell.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Radio_Broadcast_Master_Page_Guide.htm"><i>The March of Radio</i></a>. Radio Broadcast. September 1929. pp. 272, 273<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 6,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+March+of+Radio&rft.pages=272%2C+273&rft.pub=Radio+Broadcast&rft.date=1929-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanradiohistory.com%2FRadio_Broadcast_Master_Page_Guide.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Timeline-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Timeline_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Timeline_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Timeline_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Timeline_21-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Timeline_21-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100617042124/http://www.radiotimeline.com/am1000wcfl.htm">"WCFL"</a>. Radio Timeline. Archived from the original on June 17, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WCFL&rft.pub=Radio+Timeline&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radiotimeline.com%2Fam1000wcfl.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Blue-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Blue_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ugwEAAAAMBAJ&q=wcfl+park&pg=PT7"><i>Blue Net Deal With WCFL a Plus</i></a>. Billboard. May 27, 1944<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 11,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Blue+Net+Deal+With+WCFL+a+Plus&rft.pub=Billboard&rft.date=1944-05-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DugwEAAAAMBAJ%26q%3Dwcfl%2Bpark%26pg%3DPT7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobinson,_Anna,_Garfinkel,_Steve,_Eckstein,_Elizabeth2000" class="citation web cs1">Robinson, Anna, Garfinkel, Steve, Eckstein, Elizabeth (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010217180703/http://xroads.virginia.edu/~UG00/3on1/radioshow/labor.htm">"A Closer Look:Labor Radio and the Blind"</a>. University of Virginia. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://xroads.virginia.edu/~ug00/3on1/radioshow/labor.htm">the original</a> on February 17, 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Closer+Look%3ALabor+Radio+and+the+Blind&rft.pub=University+of+Virginia&rft.date=2000&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Anna%2C+Garfinkel%2C+Steve%2C+Eckstein%2C+Elizabeth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fxroads.virginia.edu%2F~ug00%2F3on1%2Fradioshow%2Flabor.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Experimenters-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Experimenters_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Experimenters_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140520144822/http://www.televisionexperimenters.com/sanabria.html">"Ulises Armand Sanabria"</a>. Television Experimenters. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.televisionexperimenters.com/sanabria.html">the original</a> on May 20, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ulises+Armand+Sanabria&rft.pub=Television+Experimenters&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.televisionexperimenters.com%2Fsanabria.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Magazine-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Magazine_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Magazine_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.earlytelevision.org/w9xaa.html">"WCFL Radio Magazine-Fall, 1928-WCFL Is on the air with Television Programs"</a>. WCFL/Chicago Fededration of Labor<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 28,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WCFL+Radio+Magazine-Fall%2C+1928-WCFL+Is+on+the+air+with+Television+Programs&rft.pub=WCFL%2FChicago+Fededration+of+Labor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.earlytelevision.org%2Fw9xaa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.earlytelevision.org/a_j_carter.html">"Carter's Aid Speeds Early Television in Chicago"</a>. Early Television.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 9,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Carter%27s+Aid+Speeds+Early+Television+in+Chicago&rft.pub=Early+Television.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.earlytelevision.org%2Fa_j_carter.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagotelevision.com/channels1.htm">"Television Comes to Chicago"</a>. Chicago Television<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 11,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Television+Comes+to+Chicago&rft.pub=Chicago+Television&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotelevision.com%2Fchannels1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hawestv.com/mtv_chicago/mtv_cgo.htm">"Early Chicago Television"</a>. Hawes TV<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 28,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Early+Chicago+Television&rft.pub=Hawes+TV&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hawestv.com%2Fmtv_chicago%2Fmtv_cgo.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeir,_James_W._H.1930" class="citation news cs1">Weir, James W. H. (March 30, 1930). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=niAbAAAAIBAJ&pg=5984,3826420&dq=wmaq&hl=en">"WMAQ To Start Sound Television"</a>. The Pittsburgh Press<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=WMAQ+To+Start+Sound+Television&rft.date=1930-03-30&rft.au=Weir%2C+James+W.+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DniAbAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D5984%2C3826420%26dq%3Dwmaq%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStraussHines" class="citation news cs1">Strauss, Valerie; Hines, Michael. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2020/04/03/chicago-schools-closed-during-1937-polio-epidemic-kids-learned-home-over-radio/">"Perspective | In Chicago, schools closed during a 1937 polio epidemic and kids learned from home – over the radio"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 16,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Perspective+%7C+In+Chicago%2C+schools+closed+during+a+1937+polio+epidemic+and+kids+learned+from+home+%E2%80%93+over+the+radio&rft.aulast=Strauss&rft.aufirst=Valerie&rft.au=Hines%2C+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Feducation%2F2020%2F04%2F03%2Fchicago-schools-closed-during-1937-polio-epidemic-kids-learned-home-over-radio%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110714124931/http://www.mrpopculture.com/files/November%2023%2C%201957.pdf">"WCFL Bans All Elvis Records (page 5)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Mr. Pop History. November 23, 1957. Archived from the original on July 14, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WCFL+Bans+All+Elvis+Records+%28page+5%29&rft.pub=Mr.+Pop+History&rft.date=1957-11-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mrpopculture.com%2Ffiles%2FNovember%252023%252C%25201957.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span> (<a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chicagoradiospotlight.blogspot.com/2010/03/dan-sorkin.html">"Dan Sorkin interview"</a>. Chicago Radio Spotlight. 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 20,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dan+Sorkin+interview&rft.pub=Chicago+Radio+Spotlight&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchicagoradiospotlight.blogspot.com%2F2010%2F03%2Fdan-sorkin.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bwsEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA39"><i>Segue (page 39)</i></a>. Billboard. September 14, 1963<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 20,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Segue+%28page+39%29&rft.pub=Billboard&rft.date=1963-09-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbwsEAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA39&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vwkEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA105"><i>Pioneering Warner Bros. Remains Comedy Kingpin (page 105)</i></a>. Billboard. September 28, 1996<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 20,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pioneering+Warner+Bros.+Remains+Comedy+Kingpin+%28page+105%29&rft.pub=Billboard&rft.date=1996-09-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvwkEAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA105&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNoel2006" class="citation news cs1">Noel, Josh (March 29, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/2006/03/29/mike-rapchak-2/">"Mike Rapchak, 1920–2006"</a>. <i>Chicago Tribune</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 20,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Mike+Rapchak%2C+1920%E2%80%932006&rft.date=2006-03-29&rft.aulast=Noel&rft.aufirst=Josh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2F2006%2F03%2F29%2Fmike-rapchak-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Draper-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Draper_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Draper_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Draper_36-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Draper_36-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Draper_36-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lSgEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA38"><i>WCFL Takes First Step Toward Format Change</i></a>. Billboard. April 15, 1965<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 11,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=WCFL+Takes+First+Step+Toward+Format+Change&rft.pub=Billboard&rft.date=1965-04-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlSgEAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA38&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100627123151/http://www2.colum.edu/cps/demo/demo3/radiodays.php">"Radio Days-Mike Rapchak"</a>. Columbia College. 2006. Archived from the original on June 27, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 11,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Radio+Days-Mike+Rapchak&rft.pub=Columbia+College&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.colum.edu%2Fcps%2Fdemo%2Fdemo3%2Fradiodays.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dedication-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dedication_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100708044922/http://www.newberry.org/outspoken/exhibitimages/2c03.jpg">"Formal Dedication of Radio Stations"</a>. Chicago Federation of Labor. September 25, 1931. Archived from the original on July 8, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 22,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Formal+Dedication+of+Radio+Stations&rft.pub=Chicago+Federation+of+Labor&rft.date=1931-09-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newberry.org%2Foutspoken%2Fexhibitimages%2F2c03.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110704135946/http://www.marinacityonline.com/history/downtown_wcfl.htm">"History of WCFL at Marina City"</a>. Marina City Online. Archived from the original on July 4, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 22,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+WCFL+at+Marina+City&rft.pub=Marina+City+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.marinacityonline.com%2Fhistory%2Fdowntown_wcfl.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manteno.com/wcfl/wcfl3.html">"WCFL Marina City Studios-a look in January 1985, shortly before the station left the building"</a>. Manteno. 1985<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 22,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WCFL+Marina+City+Studios-a+look+in+January+1985%2C+shortly+before+the+station+left+the+building&rft.pub=Manteno&rft.date=1985&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manteno.com%2Fwcfl%2Fwcfl3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170809090305/https://autograph-hotels.marriott.com/hotel/hotel-chicago-downtown/">"Hotel Chicago Downtown"</a>. Marriott Hotels. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://autograph-hotels.marriott.com/hotel/hotel-chicago-downtown/">the original</a> on August 9, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hotel+Chicago+Downtown&rft.pub=Marriott+Hotels&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fautograph-hotels.marriott.com%2Fhotel%2Fhotel-chicago-downtown%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nicksradiocorner.blogspot.com/2010/02/wcfl-chicago-privileged-membership-card.html">"Photo of WCFL VIP Club Card"</a>. WCFL/Chicago Federation of Labor. 1966<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Photo+of+WCFL+VIP+Club+Card&rft.pub=WCFL%2FChicago+Federation+of+Labor&rft.date=1966&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnicksradiocorner.blogspot.com%2F2010%2F02%2Fwcfl-chicago-privileged-membership-card.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101127060746/http://radiotimeline.com/wcfl-1968ad.jpg">"1967 Radio 10 Survey with WCFL VIPs pictured"</a>. WFCL/Chicago Federation of Labor. Archived from the original on November 27, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1967+Radio+10+Survey+with+WCFL+VIPs+pictured&rft.pub=WFCL%2FChicago+Federation+of+Labor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fradiotimeline.com%2Fwcfl-1968ad.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin,_Harry" class="citation web cs1">Martin, Harry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110728104814/http://www.happyhareonline.com/happyhare-23.htm">"Cleveland is no joke"</a>. Martin, Harry. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.happyhareonline.com/happyhare-23.htm">the original</a> on July 28, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 1,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cleveland+is+no+joke&rft.pub=Martin%2C+Harry&rft.au=Martin%2C+Harry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.happyhareonline.com%2Fhappyhare-23.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WygEAAAAMBAJ&q=stagg+music+director+wcfl&pg=PA34"><i>WCFL Is Looking to Be No. 1 (pages 34, 36)</i></a>. Billboard. September 30, 1967<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=WCFL+Is+Looking+to+Be+No.+1+%28pages+34%2C+36%29&rft.pub=Billboard&rft.date=1967-09-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWygEAAAAMBAJ%26q%3Dstagg%2Bmusic%2Bdirector%2Bwcfl%26pg%3DPA34&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Charts-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Charts_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2007" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Ron, ed. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/reader/0595431801?_encoding=UTF8&ref_=sib_dp_ptu"><i>WCFL Chicago Top 40 Charts 1965-1976</i></a>. iUniverse. pp. Front Matter Introduction. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-595-43180-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-595-43180-9"><bdi>978-0-595-43180-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=WCFL+Chicago+Top+40+Charts+1965-1976&rft.pages=Front+Matter+Introduction&rft.pub=iUniverse&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-595-43180-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Freader%2F0595431801%3F_encoding%3DUTF8%26ref_%3Dsib_dp_ptu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Everywhere-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Everywhere_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Everywhere_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenderson1992" class="citation web cs1">Henderson (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/hes-everywhere-hes-everywhere/Content?oid=879264">"He's Everywhere! He's Everywhere!"</a>. Chicago Reader<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 21,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=He%27s+Everywhere%21+He%27s+Everywhere%21&rft.pub=Chicago+Reader&rft.date=1992&rft.au=Henderson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagoreader.com%2Fchicago%2Fhes-everywhere-hes-everywhere%2FContent%3Foid%3D879264&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110713105635/http://www.jimloupas.com/jimloupas.html">"About Jim Loupas"</a>. James Loupas Associates. Archived from the original on July 13, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 21,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Jim+Loupas&rft.pub=James+Loupas+Associates&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jimloupas.com%2Fjimloupas.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110604092430/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,944082-4,00.html">"Police:Tales of Three Cities"</a>. <i>Time</i>. June 22, 1970. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,944082-4,00.html">the original</a> on June 4, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Police%3ATales+of+Three+Cities&rft.date=1970-06-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C944082-4%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSloman1998" class="citation cs2">Sloman, Larry, ed. (1998), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/stealthisdreamab00slom/page/464"><i>Steal This Dream: Abbie Hoffman & the Countercultural Revolution in America</i></a>, Doubleday, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/stealthisdreamab00slom/page/464">464</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-385-41162-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-385-41162-6"><bdi>0-385-41162-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2010</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Steal+This+Dream%3A+Abbie+Hoffman+%26+the+Countercultural+Revolution+in+America&rft.pages=464&rft.pub=Doubleday&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-385-41162-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fstealthisdreamab00slom%2Fpage%2F464&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/1986/01/19/joel-sebastian-radio-personality-executive/">"Joel Sebastian, radio disc jockey"</a>. <i>Chicago Tribune</i>. January 19, 1986<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 31,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Joel+Sebastian%2C+radio+disc+jockey&rft.date=1986-01-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2F1986%2F01%2F19%2Fjoel-sebastian-radio-personality-executive%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lifeinlegacy.com/display.php?weekof=2007-11-10#P7168">"Jim Stagg"</a>. Life in Legacy. November 10, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 10,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jim+Stagg&rft.pub=Life+in+Legacy&rft.date=2007-11-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lifeinlegacy.com%2Fdisplay.php%3Fweekof%3D2007-11-10%23P7168&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061031022901/http://www.leovia.com/?q=node%2F2066">"Ron 'King B' Britain"</a>. <i>Leo Weekly</i>. 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leovia.com/?q=node/2066">the original</a> on October 31, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Leo+Weekly&rft.atitle=Ron+%27King+B%27+Britain&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.leovia.com%2F%3Fq%3Dnode%2F2066&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110714124945/http://www.mrpopculture.com/files/December%2020-31%2C%201965.pdf">"Ron Britain moves from WHK, Cleveland to WCFL (page 11)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Mr. Pop History. December 20, 1965. Archived from the original on July 14, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ron+Britain+moves+from+WHK%2C+Cleveland+to+WCFL+%28page+11%29&rft.pub=Mr.+Pop+History&rft.date=1965-12-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mrpopculture.com%2Ffiles%2FDecember%252020-31%252C%25201965.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span> (<a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-King_B-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-King_B_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-King_B_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chicagoradiospotlight.blogspot.com/2008/05/ron-britain.html">"Ron Britain"</a>. Chicago Radio Spotlight. 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 7,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ron+Britain&rft.pub=Chicago+Radio+Spotlight&rft.date=2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchicagoradiospotlight.blogspot.com%2F2008%2F05%2Fron-britain.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100109174922/http://www.radiohof.org/discjockey/dickbiondi.html">"Dick Biondi"</a>. Radio Hall of Fame. 1998. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radiohof.org/discjockey/dickbiondi.html">the original</a> on January 9, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dick+Biondi&rft.pub=Radio+Hall+of+Fame&rft.date=1998&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radiohof.org%2Fdiscjockey%2Fdickbiondi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100109174922/http://www.radiohof.org/discjockey/dickbiondi.html">"Biondi Returns to Chicago at WCFL (page 6)"</a>. Mr. Pop History. October 10, 1967. Archived from the original on January 9, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biondi+Returns+to+Chicago+at+WCFL+%28page+6%29&rft.pub=Mr.+Pop+History&rft.date=1967-10-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radiohof.org%2Fdiscjockey%2Fdickbiondi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span> (<a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rockradioscrapbook.ca/air1967.html">audio file-WCFL Aircheck-Biondi's first WCFL show-October 3, 1967</a> (<a href="/wiki/RealPlayer" title="RealPlayer">RealPlayer</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110722160806/http://airchexx.com/2005/01/23/dick-biondi-and-the-mutual-network-on-wcfl-chicago-1964-612-scoped/">"Biondi on Mutual Network"</a>. Airchexx. 1964. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biondi+on+Mutual+Network&rft.pub=Airchexx&rft.date=1964&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fairchexx.com%2F2005%2F01%2F23%2Fdick-biondi-and-the-mutual-network-on-wcfl-chicago-1964-612-scoped%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://airchexx.com/ram/2005/January/1964-wcfl-biondi.ram">audio file of Dick Biondi's Young America WCFL aircheck-1964</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110722160919/http://airchexx.com/ram/2005/January/1964-wcfl-biondi.ram">Archived</a> July 22, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (<a href="/wiki/RealPlayer" title="RealPlayer">RealPlayer</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100809164605/http://radio.about.com/cs/radiohistory/a/aa110903a.htm">"Death of Barney Pip"</a>. About.com-Radio. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://radio.about.com/cs/radiohistory/a/aa110903a.htm">the original</a> on August 9, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 7,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Death+of+Barney+Pip&rft.pub=About.com-Radio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fradio.about.com%2Fcs%2Fradiohistory%2Fa%2Faa110903a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061205044233/http://ronriley.com/">"Ron Riley's website-ronriley.com"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ronriley.com/">the original</a> on December 5, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 7,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ron+Riley%27s+website-ronriley.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fronriley.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110111142939/http://www.radiohof.org/discjockey/ydaniels.html">"Yvonne Daniels-Radio Hall of Fame"</a>. Radio Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on January 11, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 10,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yvonne+Daniels-Radio+Hall+of+Fame&rft.pub=Radio+Hall+of+Fame&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radiohof.org%2Fdiscjockey%2Fydaniels.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GSgEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA62"><i>Sid McCoy leaves WCFL (page 62)</i></a>. Billboard. April 1, 1967<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 23,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sid+McCoy+leaves+WCFL+%28page+62%29&rft.pub=Billboard&rft.date=1967-04-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGSgEAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA62&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jerry_G._Bishop,_1936–2013-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jerry_G._Bishop,_1936–2013_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/ct-jerry-bishop-obit-20130918,0,35714.story">"Jerry G. Bishop, 1936-2013"</a>. <i>Chicago Tribune</i>. August 3, 1936<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 19,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Jerry+G.+Bishop%2C+1936-2013&rft.date=1936-08-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fct-jerry-bishop-obit-20130918%2C0%2C35714.story&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJajkowski,_Steve2002" class="citation web cs1">Jajkowski, Steve (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagotelevision.com/bishop.htm">"Chicago Television Alumni Club-Talkin' With Jerry G"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chicago+Television+Alumni+Club-Talkin%27+With+Jerry+G&rft.date=2002&rft.au=Jajkowski%2C+Steve&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotelevision.com%2Fbishop.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100815083424/http://www.cflradio.net/1240_WMMB_AM.htm">"Howard Miller"</a>. WMMB, Melbourne, FL. Archived from the original on August 15, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 7,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Howard+Miller&rft.pub=WMMB%2C+Melbourne%2C+FL&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cflradio.net%2F1240_WMMB_AM.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121105101428/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,841585-1,00.html">"Howard Power"</a>. <i>Time</i>. January 31, 1969. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,841585-1,00.html">the original</a> on November 5, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 11,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Howard+Power&rft.date=1969-01-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C841585-1%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110714125017/http://www.mrpopculture.com/files/June%2015%2C%201969.pdf">"Weber Replaces Miller-WCFL (page 9)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Mr. Pop Culture. June 15, 1969. Archived from the original on July 14, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Weber+Replaces+Miller-WCFL+%28page+9%29&rft.pub=Mr.+Pop+Culture&rft.date=1969-06-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mrpopculture.com%2Ffiles%2FJune%252015%252C%25201969.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span> (<a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030813000440/http://www.manteno.com/wcfl/visitor.html">"Visitors recall the station and the personalities from their teen visit days"</a>. Manteno. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manteno.com/wcfl/visitor.html">the original</a> on August 13, 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Visitors+recall+the+station+and+the+personalities+from+their+teen+visit+days&rft.pub=Manteno&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manteno.com%2Fwcfl%2Fvisitor.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030801190418/http://www.manteno.com/wcfl/">"Transcript of a Robert Feder Chicago Sun-Times column looking back at WCFL and its people"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manteno.com/wcfl/">the original</a> on August 1, 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Transcript+of+a+Robert+Feder+Chicago+Sun-Times+column+looking+back+at+WCFL+and+its+people&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manteno.com%2Fwcfl%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110714125140/http://www.mrpopculture.com/files/html/june25-1965/">"Ken Draper wants to win-announces WCFL Sound 10 survey"</a>. Mr. Pop Culture. June 25, 1965. Archived from the original on July 14, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 26,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ken+Draper+wants+to+win-announces+WCFL+Sound+10+survey&rft.pub=Mr.+Pop+Culture&rft.date=1965-06-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mrpopculture.com%2Ffiles%2Fhtml%2Fjune25-1965%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span> (<a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radiouseonly.com/states/illinois_albums/wcfl_solid_gold.htm">"Solid Gold"</a>. WCFL Radio<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Solid+Gold&rft.pub=WCFL+Radio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radiouseonly.com%2Fstates%2Fillinois_albums%2Fwcfl_solid_gold.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radiouseonly.com/states/illinois_albums/wcfl_double_gold.htm">"Double Gold"</a>. WCFL Radio<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Double+Gold&rft.pub=WCFL+Radio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radiouseonly.com%2Fstates%2Fillinois_albums%2Fwcfl_double_gold.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100126025350/http://www.radiohof.org/discjockey/larrylujack.html">"Larry Lujack"</a>. Radio Hall of Fame. 2004. Archived from the original on January 26, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Larry+Lujack&rft.pub=Radio+Hall+of+Fame&rft.date=2004&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radiohof.org%2Fdiscjockey%2Flarrylujack.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110714123752/http://www.mrpopculture.com/files/July%2013%2C%201972.pdf">"Larry Lujack joins WCFL (page 4)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Mr.Pop History. July 13, 1972. Archived from the original on July 14, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Larry+Lujack+joins+WCFL+%28page+4%29&rft.pub=Mr.Pop+History&rft.date=1972-07-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mrpopculture.com%2Ffiles%2FJuly%252013%252C%25201972.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span> (<a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100418143924/http://artroberts.com/">"Art Roberts' website-artroberts.com"</a>. Archived from the original on April 18, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 7,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Art+Roberts%27+website-artroberts.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fartroberts.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reelradio.com/ar/index.html">"The Art Roberts Collection-audio files and information about Art Roberts"</a>. Reel Radio<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 7,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Art+Roberts+Collection-audio+files+and+information+about+Art+Roberts&rft.pub=Reel+Radio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reelradio.com%2Far%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100316201711/http://www.radiodailynews.com/artroberts.htm">"Tributes to Art"</a>. Radio Daily News. Archived from the original on March 16, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tributes+to+Art&rft.pub=Radio+Daily+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radiodailynews.com%2Fartroberts.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-group-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-group_80-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-group_80-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110714123712/http://www.mrpopculture.com/files/html/sept15-1965/">"DJ's on 1965 Beatles Tour"</a>. Mr. Pop Culture/Mr. Pop History. September 15, 1965. Archived from the original on July 14, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DJ%27s+on+1965+Beatles+Tour&rft.pub=Mr.+Pop+Culture%2FMr.+Pop+History&rft.date=1965-09-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mrpopculture.com%2Ffiles%2Fhtml%2Fsept15-1965%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.podomatic.com/podcasts/thatmagicfeeling/episodes/2007-04-19T21_54_01-07_00">"17 Chicago 2 (12 August 1966)"</a>. <i>Podomatic</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Podomatic&rft.atitle=17+Chicago+2+%2812+August+1966%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.podomatic.com%2Fpodcasts%2Fthatmagicfeeling%2Fepisodes%2F2007-04-19T21_54_01-07_00&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.podomatic.com/podcasts/thatmagicfeeling/episodes/2007-05-20T13_54_22-07_00">"19 Philadelphia + Toronto (16-18 August 1966)"</a>. <i>Podomatic</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Podomatic&rft.atitle=19+Philadelphia+%2B+Toronto+%2816-18+August+1966%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.podomatic.com%2Fpodcasts%2Fthatmagicfeeling%2Fepisodes%2F2007-05-20T13_54_22-07_00&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.podomatic.com/podcasts/thatmagicfeeling/episodes/2007-06-06T20_02_31-07_00">"20 Boston + Memphis (18-19 August 1966)"</a>. <i>Podomatic</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Podomatic&rft.atitle=20+Boston+%2B+Memphis+%2818-19+August+1966%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.podomatic.com%2Fpodcasts%2Fthatmagicfeeling%2Fepisodes%2F2007-06-06T20_02_31-07_00&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.podomatic.com/podcasts/thatmagicfeeling/episodes/2007-06-13T07_12_23-07_00">"21 Memphis + NYC (19-22 August 1966)"</a>. <i>Podomatic</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Podomatic&rft.atitle=21+Memphis+%2B+NYC+%2819-22+August+1966%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.podomatic.com%2Fpodcasts%2Fthatmagicfeeling%2Fepisodes%2F2007-06-13T07_12_23-07_00&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinn2009" class="citation book cs1">Winn, John C., ed. (2009). <i>That Magic Feeling: The Beatles' Recorded Legacy, Volume Two, 1966-1970</i>. Three Rivers Press. p. 416. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-307-45239-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-307-45239-9"><bdi>978-0-307-45239-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=That+Magic+Feeling%3A+The+Beatles%27+Recorded+Legacy%2C+Volume+Two%2C+1966-1970&rft.pages=416&rft.pub=Three+Rivers+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-307-45239-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111005185832/http://www.mrpopculture.com/files/html/oct18-1965/">"British DJ Paul Michael Joins WCFL for British Countdown"</a>. Mr. Pop Culture/Mr. Pop History. October 18, 1965. Archived from the original on October 5, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=British+DJ+Paul+Michael+Joins+WCFL+for+British+Countdown&rft.pub=Mr.+Pop+Culture%2FMr.+Pop+History&rft.date=1965-10-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mrpopculture.com%2Ffiles%2Fhtml%2Foct18-1965%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reelradio.com/ram/beg2.ram?rbwcfl031170.rm~0:00.0~01:03:25.0">audio file Ron Britain Show WCFL March 11, 1970</a> (<a href="/wiki/RealPlayer" title="RealPlayer">RealPlayer</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170119200941/http://www.ebay.com/itm/034-Subterranean-Circus-034-Radio-Show-WCFL-Chicago-5-31-70-/140354862519?nma=true&si=%2FcnjnrVUmVw9wcbNkWxk2uGU8LQ%3D&orig_cvip=true&rt=nc&_trksid=p2047675.l2557">"Aircheck & transcript of Subterranean Circus-May 31, 1970"</a>. Archived from the original on January 19, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 7,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aircheck+%26+transcript+of+Subterranean+Circus-May+31%2C+1970&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ebay.com%2Fitm%2F034-Subterranean-Circus-034-Radio-Show-WCFL-Chicago-5-31-70-%2F140354862519%3Fnma%3Dtrue%26si%3D%252FcnjnrVUmVw9wcbNkWxk2uGU8LQ%253D%26orig_cvip%3Dtrue%26rt%3Dnc%26_trksid%3Dp2047675.l2557&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLanger,_Adam1989" class="citation web cs1">Langer, Adam (January 12, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/glory-days/Content?oid=873250">"Glory Days"</a>. Chicago Reader<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Glory+Days&rft.pub=Chicago+Reader&rft.date=1989-01-12&rft.au=Langer%2C+Adam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagoreader.com%2Fchicago%2Fglory-days%2FContent%3Foid%3D873250&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101202035714/http://www.audiotheater.com/cman.html">"Chickenman background information"</a>. AudioTheater. Archived from the original on December 2, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chickenman+background+information&rft.pub=AudioTheater&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.audiotheater.com%2Fcman.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoffman,_Carl" class="citation web cs1">Hoffman, Carl. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://the60sofficialsite.com/Chickenman.html">"Chickenman"</a>. the Official 60's Site<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 11,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chickenman&rft.pub=the+Official+60%27s+Site&rft.au=Hoffman%2C+Carl&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthe60sofficialsite.com%2FChickenman.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoffman,_Carl" class="citation web cs1">Hoffman, Carl. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100604055358/http://the60sofficialsite.com/Chickenman_Has_Been_Identified.html">"Winner of WCFL "What Does Chickenman Look Like?" Contest"</a>. the Official 60's Site. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://the60sofficialsite.com/Chickenman_Has_Been_Identified.html">the original</a> on June 4, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 11,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Winner+of+WCFL+%22What+Does+Chickenman+Look+Like%3F%22+Contest&rft.pub=the+Official+60%27s+Site&rft.au=Hoffman%2C+Carl&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthe60sofficialsite.com%2FChickenman_Has_Been_Identified.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.discogs.com/Various-The-Best-Of-Chickenman-Most-Fantastic-Crimefighter-The-World-Has-Ever-Known/release/2202525">"He's everywhere!"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Discogs" title="Discogs">Discogs</a></i>. 1966.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Discogs&rft.atitle=He%27s+everywhere%21&rft.date=1966&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.discogs.com%2FVarious-The-Best-Of-Chickenman-Most-Fantastic-Crimefighter-The-World-Has-Ever-Known%2Frelease%2F2202525&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20081215123448/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,843884,00.html">"It's a Bird! It's a Plane! Whoops, It's a Bird"</a>. <i>Time</i>. June 9, 1967. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,843884,00.html">the original</a> on December 15, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=It%27s+a+Bird%21+It%27s+a+Plane%21+Whoops%2C+It%27s+a+Bird&rft.date=1967-06-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C843884%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reelradio.com/wc/index.html">"Windy City Airchecks Collection-10 audio files of "Chickenman" episodes also on page"</a>. ReelRadio<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 31,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Windy+City+Airchecks+Collection-10+audio+files+of+%22Chickenman%22+episodes+also+on+page&rft.pub=ReelRadio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reelradio.com%2Fwc%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110715144522/http://www.radio-ranch.com/chickenman.html">"RadioRanch-How the Radio Serials, Chickenman and Toothfairy Were Born"</a>. Radio-ranch.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radio-ranch.com/chickenman.html">the original</a> on July 15, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RadioRanch-How+the+Radio+Serials%2C+Chickenman+and+Toothfairy+Were+Born&rft.pub=Radio-ranch.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radio-ranch.com%2Fchickenman.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manteno.com/wcfl/orkin.html">"Interview with Dick Orkin covering Chickenman and WCFL"</a>. Manteno. 1985. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030801190305/http://www.manteno.com/wcfl/orkin.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 1, 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Interview+with+Dick+Orkin+covering+Chickenman+and+WCFL&rft.pub=Manteno&rft.date=1985&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manteno.com%2Fwcfl%2Forkin.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110714123744/http://www.mrpopculture.com/files/January%2016%2C%201967.pdf">"Chickenman Syndication (page 9)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Mr. Pop Culture. January 16, 1967. Archived from the original on July 14, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chickenman+Syndication+%28page+9%29&rft.pub=Mr.+Pop+Culture&rft.date=1967-01-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mrpopculture.com%2Ffiles%2FJanuary%252016%252C%25201967.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span> (<a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110709193213/http://www.radio-ranch.com/chickenman.html">"How Chickenman was Born"</a>. RadioRanch. Archived from the original on July 9, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+Chickenman+was+Born&rft.pub=RadioRanch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radio-ranch.com%2Fchickenman.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Deeb-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Deeb_100-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Deeb_100-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeeb,_Gary1979" class="citation book cs1">Deeb, Gary (March 4, 1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Station-Albums/Chicago-Trib-1979-Mar-About-Chi-Radio.pdf"><i>The Dark Side of the Medium</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Chicago Tribune. p. 27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 9,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dark+Side+of+the+Medium&rft.pages=27&rft.pub=Chicago+Tribune&rft.date=1979-03-04&rft.au=Deeb%2C+Gary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanradiohistory.com%2FArchive-Station-Albums%2FChicago-Trib-1979-Mar-About-Chi-Radio.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span>(<a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeeb,_Gary1974" class="citation news cs1">Deeb, Gary (September 18, 1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/14503419/wcfl_ignores_nixon_resignation/">"CFL 'oversight' tunes out history"</a>. <i>Chicago Tribune</i>. p. 11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 24,</span> 2014</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=CFL+%27oversight%27+tunes+out+history&rft.pages=11&rft.date=1974-09-18&rft.au=Deeb%2C+Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F14503419%2Fwcfl_ignores_nixon_resignation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoekstra,_Dave2014" class="citation news cs1">Hoekstra, Dave (January 14, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140218115304/http://www.suntimes.com/entertainment/24940633-421/fan-of-classic-chicago-radio-creates-a-cyber-cfl.html">"Fan of classic Chicago radio creates a cyber 'CFL"</a>. <i>Chicago Sun-Times</i>. Archived from the original on February 18, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 15,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Sun-Times&rft.atitle=Fan+of+classic+Chicago+radio+creates+a+cyber+%27CFL&rft.date=2014-01-14&rft.au=Hoekstra%2C+Dave&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.suntimes.com%2Fentertainment%2F24940633-421%2Ffan-of-classic-chicago-radio-creates-a-cyber-cfl.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://WCFLchicago.com">"WCFL internet radio"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 15,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WCFL+internet+radio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2FWCFLchicago.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c_PEjXMp54M">"Larry Lujack - Last Show on WCFL 3/15/76"</a>. November 30, 2008 – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Larry+Lujack+-+Last+Show+on+WCFL+3%2F15%2F76&rft.date=2008-11-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dc_PEjXMp54M&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDemos,_Tom2005" class="citation web cs1">Demos, Tom (September 16, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tommcmahon.net/2005/09/loaning_larry_l.html">"Loaning Larry Lujack Bus Fare During WCFL's Beautiful Music Summer of 1976"</a>. McMahon, Tom<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 12,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Loaning+Larry+Lujack+Bus+Fare+During+WCFL%27s+Beautiful+Music+Summer+of+1976&rft.pub=McMahon%2C+Tom&rft.date=2005-09-16&rft.au=Demos%2C+Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tommcmahon.net%2F2005%2F09%2Floaning_larry_l.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lujack-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lujack_106-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030816121659/http://www.manteno.com/wcfl/lujack.html">"Larry Lujack Interview"</a>. Manteno. 1985. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manteno.com/wcfl/lujack.html">the original</a> on August 16, 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Larry+Lujack+Interview&rft.pub=Manteno&rft.date=1985&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manteno.com%2Fwcfl%2Flujack.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110714123759/http://www.mrpopculture.com/files/January%2023%2C%201978.pdf">"WCFL Returns to Pop Music (page 9)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Mr. Pop History. January 23, 1978. Archived from the original on July 14, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WCFL+Returns+to+Pop+Music+%28page+9%29&rft.pub=Mr.+Pop+History&rft.date=1978-01-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mrpopculture.com%2Ffiles%2FJanuary%252023%252C%25201978.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span> (<a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080509100402/http://www.kentlaw.edu/ilhs/1986.htm">"Illinois Union Hall of Honor-William A. Lee"</a>. Illinois Labor History Society. 1986. Archived from the original on May 9, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Illinois+Union+Hall+of+Honor-William+A.+Lee&rft.pub=Illinois+Labor+History+Society&rft.date=1986&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kentlaw.edu%2Filhs%2F1986.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1978/1978-04-17-BC.pdf">Mutual blows into the Windy City</a>", <i><a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_%26_Cable" title="Broadcasting & Cable">Broadcasting</a></i>. April 17, 1978. p. 52. Retrieved August 10, 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-RandR/1970s/1978/RR-1978-04-14.pdf">Mutual Purchases WCFL For $12 Million</a>", <i><a href="/wiki/Radio_%26_Records" title="Radio & Records">Radio & Records</a></i>. April 14, 1978. p. 1. Retrieved August 10, 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110629014424/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,800475,00.html?iid=digg_share">"Laboring Voice"</a>. <i>Time</i>. June 27, 1949. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,800475,00.html?iid=digg_share">the original</a> on June 29, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 26,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Laboring+Voice&rft.date=1949-06-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C800475%2C00.html%3Fiid%3Ddigg_share&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allaccess.com/net-news/archive/story/63148/jordan-ginsburg-passes-away?ref=search">"Jordan Ginsburg-Statewide Broadcasting-co-owner obituary-Boca Raton, FL"</a>. August 26, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 22,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jordan+Ginsburg-Statewide+Broadcasting-co-owner+obituary-Boca+Raton%2C+FL&rft.date=2009-08-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allaccess.com%2Fnet-news%2Farchive%2Fstory%2F63148%2Fjordan-ginsburg-passes-away%3Fref%3Dsearch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-RandR/1980s/1987/RR-1987-01-09.pdf">Heftel, Statewide Merge, Now H&G Communications</a>", <i><a href="/wiki/Radio_%26_Records" title="Radio & Records">Radio & Records</a></i>. January 9, 1987. pp. 1, 10. Retrieved August 10, 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-RandR/1980s/1987/RR-1987-02-27.pdf">H&G Establishes New Executive Tier</a>", <i><a href="/wiki/Radio_%26_Records" title="Radio & Records">Radio & Records</a></i>. February 27, 1987. pp. 1, 8. Retrieved August 10, 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WCFLMerger-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WCFLMerger_115-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WCFLMerger_115-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1987-04-29-8702010745-story.html">WCFL Merger Puts WLUP on AM Radio</a>", <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i>. April 29, 1987. Retrieved August 10, 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1978/1978-06-12-BC.pdf">In Brief</a>", <i><a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_%26_Cable" title="Broadcasting & Cable">Broadcasting</a></i>. June 12, 1978. p. 41. Retrieved March 7, 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeder1987" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Feder" title="Robert Feder">Feder, Robert</a> (April 29, 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180312022438/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-3823221.html">"Dahl & Co. throw WCFL for a 'Loop'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times" title="Chicago Sun-Times">Chicago Sun-Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-3823221.html">the original</a> on March 12, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Sun-Times&rft.atitle=Dahl+%26+Co.+throw+WCFL+for+a+%27Loop%27&rft.date=1987-04-29&rft.aulast=Feder&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1P2-3823221.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CallSign-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CallSign_118-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://licensing.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/ws.exe/prod/cdbs/pubacc/prod/call_hist.pl?Facility_id=73303&Callsign=WMVP73303">Call Sign History</a>, fcc.gov. Retrieved August 8, 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeder1987" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Feder" title="Robert Feder">Feder, Robert</a> (July 8, 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180312022530/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-3834332.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Loop' looks for laughs in new weekend lineup"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times" title="Chicago Sun-Times">Chicago Sun-Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-3834332.html">the original</a> on March 12, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Sun-Times&rft.atitle=%27Loop%27+looks+for+laughs+in+new+weekend+lineup&rft.date=1987-07-08&rft.aulast=Feder&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1P2-3834332.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://licensing.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/ws.exe/prod/cdbs/pubacc/prod/comment.pl?Application_id=114300&File_number=BTC-19880622EC">Public Notice Comment - BTC-19880622EC</a>, fcc.gov. Retrieved August 8, 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagoradioandmedia.com/news/8495-the-controversial-jimmy-de-castro-era-at-wgn-radio-is-coming-to-an-end">The Controversial Jimmy De Castro Era At WGN Radio Is Coming To An End</a>", <i>Chicagoland Radio and Media</i>. October 5, 2016. Retrieved August 8, 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeder1992" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Feder" title="Robert Feder">Feder, Robert</a> (October 16, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180312084027/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4135125.html">"Stern Opens Radio War With a Bang"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times" title="Chicago Sun-Times">Chicago Sun-Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4135125.html">the original</a> on March 12, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Sun-Times&rft.atitle=Stern+Opens+Radio+War+With+a+Bang&rft.date=1992-10-16&rft.aulast=Feder&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1P2-4135125.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBednarski1993" class="citation news cs1">Bednarski, P.J. (August 21, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180312083948/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4185756.html">"WLUP-AM Dumps Stern // Station Cites 'Shock Jock's' Abrasive Style"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times" title="Chicago Sun-Times">Chicago Sun-Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4185756.html">the original</a> on March 12, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Sun-Times&rft.atitle=WLUP-AM+Dumps+Stern+%2F%2F+Station+Cites+%27Shock+Jock%27s%27+Abrasive+Style&rft.date=1993-08-21&rft.aulast=Bednarski&rft.aufirst=P.J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1P2-4185756.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Feder10593-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Feder10593_124-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Feder10593_124-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeder1993" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Feder" title="Robert Feder">Feder, Robert</a> (October 5, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160505112521/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4193252.html">"New Sports Loop Goes After WMVP"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times" title="Chicago Sun-Times">Chicago Sun-Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4193252.html">the original</a> on May 5, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Sun-Times&rft.atitle=New+Sports+Loop+Goes+After+WMVP&rft.date=1993-10-05&rft.aulast=Feder&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1P2-4193252.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://americanradiohistory.com/Archive-RandR/1990s/1993/RR-1993-10-01.pdf">Loop Changes: FM Emphasizes Personality, AM Heads Sports</a>", <i><a href="/wiki/Radio_%26_Records" title="Radio & Records">Radio & Records</a></i>. October 1, 1993. pp. 3, 26. Retrieved August 7, 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ct940117-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ct940117_126-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNidetz1994" class="citation news cs1">Nidetz, Steve (January 17, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110629022813/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/24178695.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT">"ESPN Scoring Here--On Radio"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i>. p. 9. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/24178695.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT">the original</a> on June 29, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=ESPN+Scoring+Here--On+Radio&rft.pages=9&rft.date=1994-01-17&rft.aulast=Nidetz&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpqasb.pqarchiver.com%2Fchicagotribune%2Faccess%2F24178695.html%3FFMT%3DABS%26FMTS%3DABS%3AFT&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeder1996" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Feder" title="Robert Feder">Feder, Robert</a> (June 5, 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160505114417/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4335610.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'MVP Drops Sports For Loop Simulcast"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times" title="Chicago Sun-Times">Chicago Sun-Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4335610.html">the original</a> on May 5, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Sun-Times&rft.atitle=%27MVP+Drops+Sports+For+Loop+Simulcast&rft.date=1996-06-05&rft.aulast=Feder&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1P2-4335610.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeder1996" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Feder" title="Robert Feder">Feder, Robert</a> (September 25, 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160505114442/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4350811.html">"DJ shift to launch Loop's rock revival"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times" title="Chicago Sun-Times">Chicago Sun-Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4350811.html">the original</a> on May 5, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Sun-Times&rft.atitle=DJ+shift+to+launch+Loop%27s+rock+revival&rft.date=1996-09-25&rft.aulast=Feder&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1P2-4350811.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeder1997" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Feder" title="Robert Feder">Feder, Robert</a> (October 20, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180312083344/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4417720.html">"With Brandmeier gone, AM-1000 shuffles deck"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times" title="Chicago Sun-Times">Chicago Sun-Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4417720.html">the original</a> on March 12, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Sun-Times&rft.atitle=With+Brandmeier+gone%2C+AM-1000+shuffles+deck&rft.date=1997-10-20&rft.aulast=Feder&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1P2-4417720.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeder1998" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Feder" title="Robert Feder">Feder, Robert</a> (June 3, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160911160904/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4447853.html">"Disney may buy radio home of Bulls and Sox"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times" title="Chicago Sun-Times">Chicago Sun-Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4447853.html">the original</a> on September 11, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Sun-Times&rft.atitle=Disney+may+buy+radio+home+of+Bulls+and+Sox&rft.date=1998-06-03&rft.aulast=Feder&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1P2-4447853.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160505114729/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4458387.html">"Disney OKs deal to buy WMVP-AM"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times" title="Chicago Sun-Times">Chicago Sun-Times</a></i>. August 20, 1998. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4458387.html">the original</a> on May 5, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Sun-Times&rft.atitle=Disney+OKs+deal+to+buy+WMVP-AM&rft.date=1998-08-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1P2-4458387.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeder1998" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Feder" title="Robert Feder">Feder, Robert</a> (October 7, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121112165350/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4468594.html">"ESPN Radio hands off mornings to Canellis"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times" title="Chicago Sun-Times">Chicago Sun-Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4468594.html">the original</a> on November 12, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Sun-Times&rft.atitle=ESPN+Radio+hands+off+mornings+to+Canellis&rft.date=1998-10-07&rft.aulast=Feder&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1P2-4468594.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeder2019" class="citation web cs1">Feder, Robert (August 28, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.robertfeder.com/2019/08/28/new-management-team-brings-good-karma-take-espn-1000/">"New management team brings Good Karma to take over ESPN 1000"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 29,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+management+team+brings+Good+Karma+to+take+over+ESPN+1000&rft.date=2019-08-28&rft.aulast=Feder&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.robertfeder.com%2F2019%2F08%2F28%2Fnew-management-team-brings-good-karma-take-espn-1000%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKirchen2019" class="citation news cs1">Kirchen, Rich (August 28, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bizjournals.com/milwaukee/news/2019/08/28/milwaukees-good-karma-agrees-to-run-chicago-espn.html">"Milwaukee's Good Karma agrees to run Chicago ESPN radio station"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/American_City_Business_Journals" title="American City Business Journals">The Business Journal of Milwaukee</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 29,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Business+Journal+of+Milwaukee&rft.atitle=Milwaukee%27s+Good+Karma+agrees+to+run+Chicago+ESPN+radio+station&rft.date=2019-08-28&rft.aulast=Kirchen&rft.aufirst=Rich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bizjournals.com%2Fmilwaukee%2Fnews%2F2019%2F08%2F28%2Fmilwaukees-good-karma-agrees-to-run-chicago-espn.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeder2020" class="citation news cs1">Feder, Robert (August 11, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.robertfeder.com/2020/08/11/david-kaplan-jonathan-hood-co-host-mornings-espn-1000/">"David Kaplan and Jonathan Hood to co-host mornings on ESPN 1000"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 16,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=David+Kaplan+and+Jonathan+Hood+to+co-host+mornings+on+ESPN+1000&rft.date=2020-08-11&rft.aulast=Feder&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.robertfeder.com%2F2020%2F08%2F11%2Fdavid-kaplan-jonathan-hood-co-host-mornings-espn-1000%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrew_Marchand2021" class="citation web cs1">Andrew Marchand [@AndrewMarchand] (December 13, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/AndrewMarchand/status/1470493100342755334">"Good Karma Brands announces it plans to acquire ESPN 1050, ESPN 710 LA and ESPN 1000 in Chicago, as well as the local marketing agreement for 98.7 FM in New York. I'll try to put it all into English in column later"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Good+Karma+Brands+announces+it+plans+to+acquire+ESPN+1050%2C+ESPN+710+LA+and+ESPN+1000+in+Chicago%2C+as+well+as+the+local+marketing+agreement+for+98.7+FM+in+New+York.+I%27ll+try+to+put+it+all+into+English+in+column+later.&rft.date=2021-12-13&rft.au=Andrew+Marchand&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2FAndrewMarchand%2Fstatus%2F1470493100342755334&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://radioinsight.com/headlines/216860/good-karma-acquires-espns-new-york-los-angeles-chicago-properties/">"More Details On Good Karma's ESPN New York, Los Angeles & Chicago Purchase"</a>. <i>RadioInsight</i>. December 20, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 27,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RadioInsight&rft.atitle=More+Details+On+Good+Karma%27s+ESPN+New+York%2C+Los+Angeles+%26+Chicago+Purchase&rft.date=2021-12-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fradioinsight.com%2Fheadlines%2F216860%2Fgood-karma-acquires-espns-new-york-los-angeles-chicago-properties%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://radioinsight.com/headlines/257629/fcc-report-8-20-espn-1000-chicago-on-the-move/">"FCC Report 8/20: ESPN 1000 Chicago on the Move"</a>. <i>RadioInsight</i>. August 20, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 19,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RadioInsight&rft.atitle=FCC+Report+8%2F20%3A+ESPN+1000+Chicago+on+the+Move&rft.date=2023-08-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fradioinsight.com%2Fheadlines%2F257629%2Ffcc-report-8-20-espn-1000-chicago-on-the-move%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://radioinsight.com/headlines/244589/chicago-bears-to-move-to-espn-1000/">"Chicago Bears To Move To ESPN 1000"</a>. <i>RadioInsight</i>. November 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RadioInsight&rft.atitle=Chicago+Bears+To+Move+To+ESPN+1000&rft.date=2022-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fradioinsight.com%2Fheadlines%2F244589%2Fchicago-bears-to-move-to-espn-1000%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWMVP" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WMVP&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:WMVP" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:WMVP">WMVP</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://goodkarmabrands.com/espn-chicago/">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enterpriseefiling.fcc.gov/dataentry/public/tv/publicFacilityDetails.html?facilityId=73303">Facility details for Facility ID 73303 (WMVP)</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">FCC</a> Licensing and Management System</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www1.arbitron.com/sip/displaySip.do?surveyID=SU24&band=am&callLetter=WMVP">WMVP</a> in <a href="/wiki/Nielsen_Audio" title="Nielsen Audio">Nielsen Audio</a>'s AM station database</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cdbs.recnet.com/corres/?doc=51160">FCC History Cards for WCFL (1926–1980)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fybush.com/sites/2004/site-041001.html">A look at the ESPN 1000 studios-2004</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reelradio.com/ram/beg2.ram?sejsbpwjmk041185a.rm~0:00.0~48:44.2">audio file:A Look Back at WCFL Part 1-Britain, Stagg and Pip on WJMK-FM 1985</a> (<a href="/wiki/RealPlayer" title="RealPlayer">RealPlayer</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reelradio.com/ram/beg2.ram?sejsbpwjmk041185b.rm~0:00.0~54:18.1">audio file:A Look Back at WCFL Part 2-Britain, Stagg and Pip on WJMK-FM 1985</a> (<a href="/wiki/RealPlayer" title="RealPlayer">RealPlayer</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fmdx.usclargo.com/hearditonam/">audio file-I Heard it on the AM Radio-WCFL being picked up in Sidi Yahia, Morocco-1967</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reelradio.com/joce/index.html">Reel Radio-John Celarek Collection-audio files and information on various WCFL disk jockeys</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reelradio.com/rook/index.html">Reel Radio-John Rook Collection-audio files including WCFL jingles and air checks for many personalities</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rockradioscrapbook.ca/radwcfl.html">WCFL Personality lineups-1965-1976</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles92" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles92" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Radio_stations_in_Chicago,_Illinois1458" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chicago_Radio" title="Template:Chicago Radio"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chicago_Radio" title="Template talk:Chicago Radio"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago_Radio" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago Radio"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Radio_stations_in_Chicago,_Illinois1458" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Radio stations in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By <a href="/wiki/AM_broadcasting" title="AM broadcasting">AM frequency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WIND_(AM)" title="WIND (AM)">560</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSCR" title="WSCR">670</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGN_(AM)" title="WGN (AM)">720</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBBM_(AM)" title="WBBM (AM)">780</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCPT_(AM)" title="WCPT (AM)">820</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLS_(AM)" title="WLS (AM)">890</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNTD" title="WNTD">950</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1000</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNWI" title="WNWI">1080</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WXES" title="WXES">1110</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WYLL" title="WYLL">1160</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRTO_(AM)" title="WRTO (AM)">1200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSBC" title="WSBC">1240</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRDZ_(AM)" title="WRDZ (AM)">1300</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKTA" title="WKTA">1330</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGRB" title="WGRB">1390</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRLL" title="WRLL">1450</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WEUR" title="WEUR">1490</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBGX" title="WBGX">1570</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCGO" title="WCGO">1590</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WVON" title="WVON">1690</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By <a href="/wiki/FM_broadcasting" title="FM broadcasting">FM frequency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WRME-LD" title="WRME-LD">87.7</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li>88.1 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WCRX_(FM)" title="WCRX (FM)">WCRX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLTL" title="WLTL">WLTL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNTH" class="mw-redirect" title="WNTH">WNTH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTZI" class="mw-redirect" title="WTZI">WTZI</a></li></ul></li> <li>88.3 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WHCM" title="WHCM">WHCM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WXAV" title="WXAV">WXAV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WZRD_(FM)" title="WZRD (FM)">WZRD</a></li></ul></li> <li>88.5 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WGBK" title="WGBK">WGBK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHFH" title="WHFH">WHFH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHPK" title="WHPK">WHPK</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLUW" title="WLUW">88.7</a></li> <li>88.9 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WARG" class="mw-redirect" title="WARG">WARG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WIIT" class="mw-redirect" title="WIIT">WIIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRRG" class="mw-redirect" title="WRRG">WRRG</a></li></ul></li> <li>89.3 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WKKC" title="WKKC">WKKC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNUR-FM" class="mw-redirect" title="WNUR-FM">WNUR-FM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WMBI-FM" title="WMBI-FM">90.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRTE" title="WRTE">90.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBEZ" title="WBEZ">91.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCPY" title="WCPY">92.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WXRT" title="WXRT">93.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLIT-FM" title="WLIT-FM">93.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLS-FM" title="WLS-FM">94.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCHI-FM" title="WCHI-FM">95.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBBM-FM" title="WBBM-FM">96.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WDRV" title="WDRV">97.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCKL_(FM)" title="WCKL (FM)">97.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WFMT" title="WFMT">98.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WUSN" title="WUSN">99.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WYHI" title="WYHI">99.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTBC-FM" title="WTBC-FM">100.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKQX" title="WKQX">101.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTMX" title="WTMX">101.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WVAZ" title="WVAZ">102.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKSC-FM" title="WKSC-FM">103.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBMX" title="WBMX">104.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WOJO" title="WOJO">105.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCFS-FM" title="WCFS-FM">105.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSRB" title="WSRB">106.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPPN" title="WPPN">106.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGCI-FM" title="WGCI-FM">107.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLEY-FM" title="WLEY-FM">107.9</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Low-power_broadcasting" title="Low-power broadcasting">LPFM</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WQEG-LP" class="mw-redirect" title="WQEG-LP">98.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WZQC-LP" class="mw-redirect" title="WZQC-LP">99.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLPN-LP" title="WLPN-LP">105.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCXP-LP" class="mw-redirect" title="WCXP-LP">107.1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_relay_station" title="Broadcast relay station">Translators</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W216CL" class="mw-redirect" title="W216CL">91.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W236CF" class="mw-redirect" title="W236CF">95.1</a></li> <li>95.9 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W240DE" class="mw-redirect" title="W240DE">W240DE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W240EH" class="mw-redirect" title="W240EH">W240EH</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W244BQ" class="mw-redirect" title="W244BQ">96.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W248BB" class="mw-redirect" title="W248BB">97.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W264BF" class="mw-redirect" title="W264BF">100.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W268AY" class="mw-redirect" title="W268AY">101.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W276BM" class="mw-redirect" title="W276BM">103.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W280EM" class="mw-redirect" title="W280EM">103.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W284DA" class="mw-redirect" title="W284DA">104.7</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/NOAA_Weather_Radio" title="NOAA Weather Radio">NOAA Weather Radio</a><br />frequency</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KWO39" class="mw-redirect" title="KWO39">162.55</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/HD_Radio" title="HD Radio">Digital radio</a><br />by frequency & subchannel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WCRX_(FM)" title="WCRX (FM)">88.1-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKKC" title="WKKC">89.3-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKKC" title="WKKC">89.3-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WMBI-FM" title="WMBI-FM">90.1-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WMBI-FM" title="WMBI-FM">90.1-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WMBI-FM" title="WMBI-FM">90.1-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRTE" title="WRTE">90.7-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBEZ" title="WBEZ">91.5-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBEZ" title="WBEZ">91.5-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WXRT" title="WXRT">93.1-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLIT-FM" title="WLIT-FM">93.9-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLIT-FM" title="WLIT-FM">93.9-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLS-FM" title="WLS-FM">94.7-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLS_(AM)" title="WLS (AM)">94.7-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCHI-FM" title="WCHI-FM">95.5-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCHI-FM" title="WCHI-FM">95.5-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBBM-FM" title="WBBM-FM">96.3-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBBM-FM" title="WBBM-FM">96.3-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WDRV" title="WDRV">97.1-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WDRV" title="WDRV">97.1-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WFMT" title="WFMT">98.7-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WUSN" title="WUSN">99.5-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTBC-FM" title="WTBC-FM">100.3-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTBC-FM" title="WTBC-FM">100.3-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKQX" title="WKQX">101.1-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKQX" title="WKQX">101.1-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTMX" title="WTMX">101.9-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTMX" title="WTMX">101.9-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WVAZ" title="WVAZ">102.7-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WMFN" title="WMFN">102.7-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKSC-FM" title="WKSC-FM">103.5-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pride_Radio" title="Pride Radio">103.5-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBMX" title="WBMX">104.3-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSCR" title="WSCR">104.3-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WOJO" title="WOJO">105.1-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WOJO" title="WOJO">105.1-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRTO_(AM)" title="WRTO (AM)">105.1-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCFS-FM" title="WCFS-FM">105.9-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCFS-FM" title="WCFS-FM">105.9-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSRB" title="WSRB">106.3-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPPN" title="WPPN">106.7-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGCI-FM" title="WGCI-FM">107.5-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGCI-FM" title="WGCI-FM">107.5-2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By <a href="/wiki/Call_signs_in_North_America" title="Call signs in North America">call sign</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KWO39" class="mw-redirect" title="KWO39">KWO39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W216CL" class="mw-redirect" title="W216CL">W216CL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W236CF" class="mw-redirect" title="W236CF">W236CF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W240DE" class="mw-redirect" title="W240DE">W240DE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W240EH" class="mw-redirect" title="W240EH">W240EH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W244BQ" class="mw-redirect" title="W244BQ">W244BQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W248BB" class="mw-redirect" title="W248BB">W248BB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W264BF" class="mw-redirect" title="W264BF">W264BF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W268AY" class="mw-redirect" title="W268AY">W268AY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W276BM" class="mw-redirect" title="W276BM">W276BM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W280EM" class="mw-redirect" title="W280EM">W280EM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W284DA" class="mw-redirect" title="W284DA">W284DA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WARG" class="mw-redirect" title="WARG">WARG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBBM_(AM)" title="WBBM (AM)">WBBM</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBBM-FM" title="WBBM-FM">WBBM-FM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WBBM-FM" title="WBBM-FM">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBEZ" title="WBEZ">WBEZ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WBEZ" title="WBEZ">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBGX" title="WBGX">WBGX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBMX" title="WBMX">WBMX</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WSCR" title="WSCR">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCFS-FM" title="WCFS-FM">WCFS-FM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WCFS-FM" title="WCFS-FM">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCGO" title="WCGO">WCGO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCHI-FM" title="WCHI-FM">WCHI-FM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WCHI-FM" title="WCHI-FM">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCKL_(FM)" title="WCKL (FM)">WCKL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCPT_(AM)" title="WCPT (AM)">WCPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCPY" title="WCPY">WCPY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCRX_(FM)" title="WCRX (FM)">WCRX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCXP-LP" class="mw-redirect" title="WCXP-LP">WCXP-LP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WDRV" title="WDRV">WDRV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WDRV" title="WDRV">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WEUR" title="WEUR">WEUR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WFMT" title="WFMT">WFMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGBK" title="WGBK">WGBK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGCI-FM" title="WGCI-FM">WGCI-FM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WGCI-FM" title="WGCI-FM">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGN_(AM)" title="WGN (AM)">WGN</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGRB" title="WGRB">WGRB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHFH" title="WHFH">WHFH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHPK" title="WHPK">WHPK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WIIT" class="mw-redirect" title="WIIT">WIIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WIND_(AM)" title="WIND (AM)">WIND</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKKC" title="WKKC">WKKC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WKKC" title="WKKC">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKQX" title="WKQX">WKQX</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WKQX" title="WKQX">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKSC-FM" title="WKSC-FM">WKSC-FM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pride_Radio" title="Pride Radio">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKTA" title="WKTA">WKTA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLEY-FM" title="WLEY-FM">WLEY-FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLIT-FM" title="WLIT-FM">WLIT-FM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WLIT-FM" title="WLIT-FM">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLPN-LP" title="WLPN-LP">WLPN-LP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLS_(AM)" title="WLS (AM)">WLS</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLS-FM" title="WLS-FM">WLS-FM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WLS_(AM)" title="WLS (AM)">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLTL" title="WLTL">WLTL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLUW" title="WLUW">WLUW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WMBI-FM" title="WMBI-FM">WMBI-FM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WMBI-FM" title="WMBI-FM">HD2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WMBI-FM" title="WMBI-FM">HD3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">WMVP</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNTD" title="WNTD">WNTD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNTH" class="mw-redirect" title="WNTH">WNTH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNUR-FM" class="mw-redirect" title="WNUR-FM">WNUR-FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNWI" title="WNWI">WNWI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WOJO" title="WOJO">WOJO</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WOJO" title="WOJO">HD2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRTO_(AM)" title="WRTO (AM)">HD3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPPN" title="WPPN">WPPN</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WPPN" title="WPPN">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WQEG-LP" class="mw-redirect" title="WQEG-LP">WQEG-LP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRDZ_(AM)" title="WRDZ (AM)">WRDZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRLL" title="WRLL">WRLL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRME-LD" title="WRME-LD">WRME-LD</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRRG" class="mw-redirect" title="WRRG">WRRG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRTE" title="WRTE">WRTE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRTO_(AM)" title="WRTO (AM)">WRTO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSBC" title="WSBC">WSBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSCR" title="WSCR">WSCR</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSRB" title="WSRB">WSRB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTBC-FM" title="WTBC-FM">WTBC-FM</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTMX" title="WTMX">WTMX</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WTMX" title="WTMX">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTZI" class="mw-redirect" title="WTZI">WTZI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WUSN" title="WUSN">WUSN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WVAZ" title="WVAZ">WVAZ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WMFN" title="WMFN">HD2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WVON" title="WVON">WVON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WXAV" title="WXAV">WXAV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WXES" title="WXES">WXES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WXRT" title="WXRT">WXRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WYHI" title="WYHI">WYHI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WYLL" title="WYLL">WYLL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WZQC-LP" class="mw-redirect" title="WZQC-LP">WZQC-LP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WZRD_(FM)" title="WZRD (FM)">WZRD</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dark_(broadcasting)" title="Dark (broadcasting)">Defunct</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WCEV" title="WCEV">WCEV (1450 AM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCFJ_(Illinois)" title="WCFJ (Illinois)">WCFJ (1470 AM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCGO_(1600_AM)" title="WCGO (1600 AM)">WCGO (1600 AM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCLM_(Chicago)" title="WCLM (Chicago)">WCLM (101.9 FM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCLR_(Arlington_Heights,_Illinois)" title="WCLR (Arlington Heights, Illinois)">WCLR (88.3 FM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCRW_(Chicago)" title="WCRW (Chicago)">WCRW (1240 AM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WEDC" title="WEDC">WEDC (1240 AM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WENR_(Chicago)" title="WENR (Chicago)">WENR</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WGHC-LP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WGHC-LP (page does not exist)">WGHC-LP (98.3 FM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WJAZ_(Chicago)" title="WJAZ (Chicago)">WJAZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WMBB-WOK" title="WMBB-WOK">WMBB-WOK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCHI_(1490_AM)" title="WCHI (1490 AM)">WORD/WCHI (1490 AM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRLL_(1690_AM)" title="WRLL (1690 AM)">WRLL (1690 AM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSSD" title="WSSD">WSSD (88.1 FM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WWHN-FM" class="mw-redirect" title="WWHN-FM">WWHN-FM (88.9 FM)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <dl><dt>Radio stations in the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_metropolitan_area" title="Chicago metropolitan area">Chicago metropolitan area</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Chicago_Radio" title="Template:Chicago Radio">Chicago</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Aurora-Elgin-Wheaton_Radio" title="Template:Aurora-Elgin-Wheaton Radio">Aurora/Elgin/Wheaton</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:DeKalb_Radio" title="Template:DeKalb Radio">DeKalb</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Joliet-Morris-Crete_Radio" title="Template:Joliet-Morris-Crete Radio">Joliet/Morris/Crete</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Kenosha-Waukegan_Radio" title="Template:Kenosha-Waukegan Radio">Kenosha/Waukegan</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Northwest_Indiana_Radio" title="Template:Northwest Indiana Radio">Northwest Indiana</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> </div> <dl><dt>Other nearby regions</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Benton_Harbor-St._Joseph_Radio" title="Template:Benton Harbor-St. Joseph Radio">Benton Harbor-St. Joseph</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Kankakee_Radio" title="Template:Kankakee Radio">Kankakee</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:LaSalle-Peru_Radio" title="Template:LaSalle-Peru Radio">LaSalle–Peru</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Milwaukee-Racine_Radio" title="Template:Milwaukee-Racine Radio">Milwaukee-Racine</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Rockford_Radio" title="Template:Rockford Radio">Rockford</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Illinois" title="List of radio stations in Illinois">List of radio stations in Illinois</a></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mass_media_in_Chicago" title="Category:Mass media in Chicago">Mass media in Chicago</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Radio_stations_in_Chicago" title="Category:Radio stations in Chicago">Radio stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Television_stations_in_Chicago" title="Category:Television stations in Chicago">TV stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Newspapers_published_in_Chicago" title="Category:Newspapers published in Chicago">Newspapers</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <dl><dt>Notes</dt> <dd>1. <a href="/wiki/Clear-channel_station" title="Clear-channel station">Clear-channel stations</a> with extended <a href="/wiki/Night" title="Night">nighttime</a> coverage.</dd> <dd>2. <a href="/wiki/Channel_6_radio_stations_in_the_United_States" title="Channel 6 radio stations in the United States">Audio from channel 6 TV station</a></dd></dl></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sports_Radio_Stations_in_the_state_of_Illinois1232" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sports_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:Sports Radio Stations in Illinois"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sports_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template talk:Sports Radio Stations in Illinois"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sports_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sports Radio Stations in Illinois"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sports_Radio_Stations_in_the_state_of_Illinois1232" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sports_radio" title="Sports radio">Sports</a> Radio Stations in the state of <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stations:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WCKG" title="WCKG">WCKG - Elmhurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WDZ" title="WDZ">WDZ - Decatur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WFMB_(AM)" title="WFMB (AM)">WFMB - Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WFRX" title="WFRX">WFRX - West Frankfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WFXN_(AM)" title="WFXN (AM)">WFXN - Moline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGEM-FM" title="WGEM-FM">WGEM-FM - Quincy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHQQ" title="WHQQ">WHQQ - Neoga/Effingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKRS" title="WKRS">WKRS - Waukegan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">WMVP - Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRTO_(AM)" title="WRTO (AM)">WRTO - Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSCR" title="WSCR">WSCR - Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTAY" title="WTAY">WTAY - Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WVIL" title="WVIL">WVIL - Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WVLN" title="WVLN">WVLN - Olney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WXLT" title="WXLT">WXLT - Christopher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WXOS" title="WXOS">WXOS- East St. Louis/St. Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WYKT" title="WYKT">WYKT - Wilmington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WZPN" title="WZPN">WZPN - Glasford/Peoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Adult_Contemporary_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:Adult Contemporary Radio Stations in Illinois">adult contemporary</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Classic_Hits_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:Classic Hits Radio Stations in Illinois">classic hits</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Illinois_college_radio" title="Template:Illinois college radio">college</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Country_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:Country Radio Stations in Illinois">country</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:News/Talk_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:News/Talk Radio Stations in Illinois">news/talk</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:NPR_Illinois" title="Template:NPR Illinois">NPR</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Oldies_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:Oldies Radio Stations in Illinois">oldies</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Religious_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:Religious Radio Stations in Illinois">religious</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rock_music" title="Rock music">rock</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Sports_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:Sports Radio Stations in Illinois">sports</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Contemporary_Hit_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:Contemporary Hit Radio Stations in Illinois">top 40</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Urban_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:Urban Radio Stations in Illinois">urban</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Spanish_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:Spanish Radio Stations in Illinois">other</a> radio stations in Illinois</dd></dl> </div><div class="hlist" style="font-size:smaller"> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:ESPN_Illinois" title="Template:ESPN Illinois">ESPN Radio</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Fox_Sports_Radio_stations" title="Template:Fox Sports Radio stations">Fox Sports Radio</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/CBS_Sports_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS Sports Radio">CBS Sports Radio</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/NBC_Sports_Radio" title="NBC Sports Radio">NBC Sports Radio</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sports_Byline_USA" title="Sports Byline USA">Sports Byline USA</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:SportsMap_Radio_stations" title="Template:SportsMap Radio stations">SportsMap Radio</a></dd></dl> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="ESPN_Radio_stations_in_the_state_of_Illinois1294" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:ESPN_Illinois" title="Template:ESPN Illinois"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:ESPN_Illinois" title="Template talk:ESPN Illinois"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:ESPN_Illinois" title="Special:EditPage/Template:ESPN Illinois"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="ESPN_Radio_stations_in_the_state_of_Illinois1294" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/ESPN_Radio" title="ESPN Radio">ESPN Radio</a> stations in the state of <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Full-time affiliates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WGEM-FM" title="WGEM-FM">Quincy WGEM-FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHQQ" title="WHQQ">Neoga/Effingham WHQQ</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chicago WMVP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WVLN" title="WVLN">Olney WVLN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WXLT" title="WXLT">Marion/Carbondale WXLT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WXOS" title="WXOS">East St. Louis/St. Louis WXOS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Part-time affiliates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WDAN" title="WDAN">Danville WDAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WFMB_(AM)" title="WFMB (AM)">Springfield WFMB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WFXN_(AM)" title="WFXN (AM)">Moline WFXN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WJBC_(AM)" title="WJBC (AM)">Bloomington WJBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLUV" title="WLUV">Loves Park WLUV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRAM" title="WRAM">Monmouth WRAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTAY" title="WTAY">Robinson WTAY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTYE" title="WTYE">Robinson WTYE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_ESPN_Radio_affiliates" title="List of ESPN Radio affiliates">List of ESPN Radio affiliates</a></dd></dl> <div class="hlist"> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Adult_Contemporary_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:Adult Contemporary Radio Stations in Illinois">adult contemporary</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Classic_Hits_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:Classic Hits Radio Stations in Illinois">classic hits</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Illinois_college_radio" title="Template:Illinois college radio">college</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Country_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:Country Radio Stations in Illinois">country</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:News/Talk_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:News/Talk Radio Stations in Illinois">news/talk</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:NPR_Illinois" title="Template:NPR Illinois">NPR</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Oldies_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:Oldies Radio Stations in Illinois">oldies</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Religious_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:Religious Radio Stations in Illinois">religious</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rock_music" title="Rock music">rock</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Sports_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:Sports Radio Stations in Illinois">sports</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Contemporary_Hit_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:Contemporary Hit Radio Stations in Illinois">top 40</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Urban_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:Urban Radio Stations in Illinois">urban</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Spanish_Radio_Stations_in_Illinois" title="Template:Spanish Radio Stations in Illinois">other</a> radio stations in Illinois</dd></dl> </div><div class="hlist" style="font-size:smaller"> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:ESPN_Illinois" title="Template:ESPN Illinois">ESPN Radio</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Fox_Sports_Radio_stations" title="Template:Fox Sports Radio stations">Fox Sports Radio</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/CBS_Sports_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS Sports Radio">CBS Sports Radio</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/NBC_Sports_Radio" title="NBC Sports Radio">NBC Sports Radio</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sports_Byline_USA" title="Sports Byline USA">Sports Byline USA</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:SportsMap_Radio_stations" title="Template:SportsMap Radio stations">SportsMap Radio</a></dd></dl> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Broadcasting_stations_owned_and_operated_by_Disney_General_Entertainment_Content167" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Disney%E2%80%93ABC_stations" title="Template:Disney–ABC stations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Disney%E2%80%93ABC_stations" title="Template talk:Disney–ABC stations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Disney%E2%80%93ABC_stations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Disney–ABC stations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Broadcasting_stations_owned_and_operated_by_Disney_General_Entertainment_Content167" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Broadcasting" title="Broadcasting">Broadcasting</a> stations owned and operated by <a href="/wiki/Disney_General_Entertainment_Content" title="Disney General Entertainment Content">Disney General Entertainment Content</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>All in <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/ABC_Owned_Television_Stations" title="ABC Owned Television Stations">ABC Owned TV Stations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KABC-TV" title="KABC-TV">KABC-TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KFSN-TV" title="KFSN-TV">KFSN-TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KGO-TV" title="KGO-TV">KGO-TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KTRK-TV" title="KTRK-TV">KTRK-TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WABC-TV" title="WABC-TV">WABC-TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLS-TV" title="WLS-TV">WLS-TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPVI-TV" title="WPVI-TV">WPVI-TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTVD" title="WTVD">WTVD</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Good_Karma_Brands197" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Good_Karma_Broadcasting" title="Template:Good Karma Broadcasting"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Good_Karma_Broadcasting" title="Template talk:Good Karma Broadcasting"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Good_Karma_Broadcasting" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Good Karma Broadcasting"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Good_Karma_Brands197" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Good_Karma_Brands" title="Good Karma Brands">Good Karma Brands</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/AM_broadcasting" title="AM broadcasting">AM stations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KSPN_(AM)" title="KSPN (AM)">KSPN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBEV_(AM)" title="WBEV (AM)">WBEV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WEFL" title="WEFL">WEFL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WEPN_(AM)" title="WEPN (AM)">WEPN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGKB" title="WGKB">WGKB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHSQ" title="WHSQ">WHSQ</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKNR" title="WKNR">WKNR</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">WMVP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTMJ_(AM)" title="WTMJ (AM)">WTMJ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/FM_broadcasting" title="FM broadcasting">FM stations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WBEV-FM" title="WBEV-FM">WBEV-FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKTI" title="WKTI">WKTI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTLX" title="WTLX">WTLX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WUUB" title="WUUB">WUUB</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>1</sup> Owned by <a href="/wiki/Audacy,_Inc." title="Audacy, Inc.">Audacy, Inc.</a>, operated by Good Karma Brands under an <a href="/wiki/Local_marketing_agreement" title="Local marketing agreement">LMA</a>.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Clear-channel_stations444" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Clear-channel_AM" title="Template:Clear-channel AM"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Clear-channel_AM" title="Template talk:Clear-channel AM"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Clear-channel_AM" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Clear-channel AM"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Clear-channel_stations444" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Clear-channel_station" title="Clear-channel station">Clear-channel stations</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i><a href="/wiki/AM_broadcasting" title="AM broadcasting">AM</a> radio stations, with a full-power nighttime <a href="/wiki/Skywave" title="Skywave">skywave</a> signal that is protected by <a href="/wiki/North_American_Regional_Broadcasting_Agreement" title="North American Regional Broadcasting Agreement">international agreements</a> from inteference well beyond their daytime <a href="/wiki/Surface_wave" title="Surface wave">groundwave</a> coverage.</i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CBEF" title="CBEF">CBEF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBK_(AM)" title="CBK (AM)">CBK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBN_(AM)" title="CBN (AM)">CBN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBR_(AM)" title="CBR (AM)">CBR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBW_(AM)" title="CBW (AM)">CBW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBY_(radio_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="CBY (radio station)">CBY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFNV" title="CFNV">CFNV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFRB" title="CFRB">CFRB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFZM" title="CFZM">CFZM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CJBC_(AM)" title="CJBC (AM)">CJBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CKAC" title="CKAC">CKAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CKDO" title="CKDO">CKDO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CKGM" title="CKGM">CKGM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CKWX" title="CKWX">CKWX</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KAAY" title="KAAY">KAAY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KBBI" title="KBBI">KBBI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KBRW_(AM)" title="KBRW (AM)">KBRW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KBYR_(AM)" title="KBYR (AM)">KBYR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KCBF" title="KCBF">KCBF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KCHU" title="KCHU">KCHU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KDKA_(AM)" title="KDKA (AM)">KDKA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KDLG_(AM)" title="KDLG (AM)">KDLG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KENI" title="KENI">KENI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KEX_(AM)" title="KEX (AM)">KEX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KFAB" title="KFAB">KFAB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KFAR" title="KFAR">KFAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KFBK_(AM)" title="KFBK (AM)">KFBK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KFI" title="KFI">KFI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KFQD" title="KFQD">KFQD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KICY_(AM)" title="KICY (AM)">KICY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KIRO_(AM)" title="KIRO (AM)">KIRO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KJNP_(AM)" title="KJNP (AM)">KJNP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KMOX" title="KMOX">KMOX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KNBR_(AM)" title="KNBR (AM)">KNBR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KNOM" title="KNOM">KNOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KNWN_(AM)" title="KNWN (AM)">KNWN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KNX_(AM)" title="KNX (AM)">KNX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KNZR_(AM)" title="KNZR (AM)">KNZR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KOA_(AM)" title="KOA (AM)">KOA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KOAN_(AM)" title="KOAN (AM)">KOAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KOKC_(AM)" title="KOKC (AM)">KOKC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KOTV_(AM)" title="KOTV (AM)">KOTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KOTZ" title="KOTZ">KOTZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KRLD_(AM)" title="KRLD (AM)">KRLD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KSFO" title="KSFO">KSFO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KSL_(AM)" title="KSL (AM)">KSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KSTP_(AM)" title="KSTP (AM)">KSTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KVNT" title="KVNT">KVNT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KWKH" title="KWKH">KWKH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KXEL" title="KXEL">KXEL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethel_Broadcasting,_Incorporated#KYUK_(AM)" title="Bethel Broadcasting, Incorporated">KYUK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KYW_(AM)" title="KYW (AM)">KYW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WABC_(AM)" title="WABC (AM)">WABC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBAL_(AM)" title="WBAL (AM)">WBAL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBAP_(AM)" title="WBAP (AM)">WBAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBBM_(AM)" title="WBBM (AM)">WBBM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBBR" title="WBBR">WBBR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBT_(AM)" title="WBT (AM)">WBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBZ_(AM)" title="WBZ (AM)">WBZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCCO_(AM)" title="WCCO (AM)">WCCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCKY_(AM)" title="WCKY (AM)">WCKY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WFAN_(AM)" title="WFAN (AM)">WFAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WFED" title="WFED">WFED</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WFME_(AM)" title="WFME (AM)">WFME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGN_(AM)" title="WGN (AM)">WGN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGY_(AM)" title="WGY (AM)">WGY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHAM_(AM)" title="WHAM (AM)">WHAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHAS_(AM)" title="WHAS (AM)">WHAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHO_(AM)" title="WHO (AM)">WHO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHSQ" title="WHSQ">WHSQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WJR" title="WJR">WJR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLAC" title="WLAC">WLAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLS_(AM)" title="WLS (AM)">WLS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLW" title="WLW">WLW</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">WMVP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WOAI_(AM)" title="WOAI (AM)">WOAI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WOR_(AM)" title="WOR (AM)">WOR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPHT" title="WPHT">WPHT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRVA_(AM)" title="WRVA (AM)">WRVA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSB_(AM)" title="WSB (AM)">WSB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSCR" title="WSCR">WSCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSM_(AM)" title="WSM (AM)">WSM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTAM" title="WTAM">WTAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTIC_(AM)" title="WTIC (AM)">WTIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WWKB" title="WWKB">WWKB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WWL_(AM)" title="WWL (AM)">WWL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WWVA_(AM)" title="WWVA (AM)">WWVA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/XEB-AM" title="XEB-AM">XEB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Educaci%C3%B3n" title="Radio Educación">XECPAE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEG-AM" title="XEG-AM">XEG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEMR-AM" title="XEMR-AM">XEMR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEPRS-AM" title="XEPRS-AM">XEPRS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEQ-AM" title="XEQ-AM">XEQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XERF-AM" class="mw-redirect" title="XERF-AM">XERF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEROK-AM" title="XEROK-AM">XEROK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEW-AM" title="XEW-AM">XEW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEWA-AM" class="mw-redirect" title="XEWA-AM">XEWA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEWW-AM" title="XEWW-AM">XEWW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEX-AM" title="XEX-AM">XEX</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas">Bahamas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ZNS-1" title="ZNS-1">ZNS-1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By <a href="/wiki/Frequency" title="Frequency">frequency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CBK_(AM)" title="CBK (AM)">540 (SK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEWA-AM" class="mw-redirect" title="XEWA-AM">540 (S.L.P.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBN_(AM)" title="CBN (AM)">640 (NL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KFI" title="KFI">640 (CA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethel_Broadcasting,_Incorporated#KYUK_(AM)" title="Bethel Broadcasting, Incorporated">640 (AK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KENI" title="KENI">650 (AK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSM_(AM)" title="WSM (AM)">650 (TN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KFAR" title="KFAR">660 (AK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WFAN_(AM)" title="WFAN (AM)">660 (NY)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KDLG_(AM)" title="KDLG (AM)">670 (AK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSCR" title="WSCR">670 (IL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KBRW_(AM)" title="KBRW (AM)">680 (AK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KNBR_(AM)" title="KNBR (AM)">680 (CA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEWW-AM" title="XEWW-AM">690 (B.C.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CKGM" title="CKGM">690 (QC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KBYR_(AM)" title="KBYR (AM)">700 (AK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLW" title="WLW">700 (OH)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KIRO_(AM)" title="KIRO (AM)">710 (WA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WOR_(AM)" title="WOR (AM)">710 (NY)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KOTZ" title="KOTZ">720 (AK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGN_(AM)" title="WGN (AM)">720 (IL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CKAC" title="CKAC">730 (QC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEX-AM" title="XEX-AM">730 (CDMX)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFZM" title="CFZM">740 (ON)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KFQD" title="KFQD">750 (AK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSB_(AM)" title="WSB (AM)">750 (GA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WJR" title="WJR">760 (MI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KCHU" title="KCHU">770 (AK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WABC_(AM)" title="WABC (AM)">770 (NY)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KNOM" title="KNOM">780 (AK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBBM_(AM)" title="WBBM (AM)">780 (IL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEROK-AM" title="XEROK-AM">800 (Chih.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KSFO" title="KSFO">810 (CA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGY_(AM)" title="WGY (AM)">810 (NY)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KCBF" title="KCBF">820 (AK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBAP_(AM)" title="WBAP (AM)">820 (TX)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCCO_(AM)" title="WCCO (AM)">830 (MN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHAS_(AM)" title="WHAS (AM)">840 (KY)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KICY_(AM)" title="KICY (AM)">850 (AK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KOA_(AM)" title="KOA (AM)">850 (CO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CJBC_(AM)" title="CJBC (AM)">860 (ON)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WWL_(AM)" title="WWL (AM)">870 (LA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHSQ" title="WHSQ">880 (NY)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KBBI" title="KBBI">890 (AK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLS_(AM)" title="WLS (AM)">890 (IL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEW-AM" title="XEW-AM">900 (CDMX)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEQ-AM" title="XEQ-AM">940 (CDMX)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFNV" title="CFNV">940 (QC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBW_(AM)" title="CBW (AM)">990 (MB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBY_(radio_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="CBY (radio station)">990 (NL)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1000 (IL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KNWN_(AM)" title="KNWN (AM)">1000 (WA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBR_(AM)" title="CBR (AM)">1010 (AB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFRB" title="CFRB">1010 (ON)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KVNT" title="KVNT">1020 (AK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KDKA_(AM)" title="KDKA (AM)">1020 (PA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBZ_(AM)" title="WBZ (AM)">1030 (MA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHO_(AM)" title="WHO (AM)">1040 (IA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEG-AM" title="XEG-AM">1050 (N.L.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KYW_(AM)" title="KYW (AM)">1060 (PA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Educaci%C3%B3n" title="Radio Educación">1060 (CDMX)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KNX_(AM)" title="KNX (AM)">1070 (CA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KOAN_(AM)" title="KOAN (AM)">1080 (AK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTIC_(AM)" title="WTIC (AM)">1080 (CT)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KRLD_(AM)" title="KRLD (AM)">1080 (TX)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KAAY" title="KAAY">1090 (AR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBAL_(AM)" title="WBAL (AM)">1090 (MD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEPRS-AM" title="XEPRS-AM">1090 (B.C.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTAM" title="WTAM">1100 (OH)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBT_(AM)" title="WBT (AM)">1110 (NC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KFAB" title="KFAB">1110 (NE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KMOX" title="KMOX">1120 (MO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CKWX" title="CKWX">1130 (BC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KWKH" title="KWKH">1130 (LA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WBBR" title="WBBR">1130 (NY)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRVA_(AM)" title="WRVA (AM)">1140 (VA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEMR-AM" title="XEMR-AM">1140 (N.L.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KSL_(AM)" title="KSL (AM)">1160 (UT)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KJNP_(AM)" title="KJNP (AM)">1170 (AK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KOTV_(AM)" title="KOTV (AM)">1170 (OK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WWVA_(AM)" title="WWVA (AM)">1170 (WV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHAM_(AM)" title="WHAM (AM)">1180 (NY)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KEX_(AM)" title="KEX (AM)">1190 (OR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WOAI_(AM)" title="WOAI (AM)">1200 (TX)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPHT" title="WPHT">1210 (PA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEB-AM" title="XEB-AM">1220 (CDMX)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WFED" title="WFED">1500 (DC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KSTP_(AM)" title="KSTP (AM)">1500 (MN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WLAC" title="WLAC">1510 (TN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WWKB" title="WWKB">1520 (NY)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KOKC_(AM)" title="KOKC (AM)">1520 (OK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KFBK_(AM)" title="KFBK (AM)">1530 (CA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCKY_(AM)" title="WCKY (AM)">1530 (OH)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KXEL" title="KXEL">1540 (IA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZNS-1" title="ZNS-1">1540 (Bah.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBEF" title="CBEF">1550 (ON)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KNZR_(AM)" title="KNZR (AM)">1560 (CA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WFME_(AM)" title="WFME (AM)">1560 (NY)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XERF-AM" class="mw-redirect" title="XERF-AM">1570 (Coah.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CKDO" title="CKDO">1580 (ON)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Clear-channel_station#Daytimers" title="Clear-channel station">Daytime-only radio stations</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chicago_Bulls510" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #000000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CE1141, inset -2px -2px 0 #CE1141; !important;;;background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chicago_Bulls" title="Template:Chicago Bulls"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chicago_Bulls" title="Template talk:Chicago Bulls"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago_Bulls" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago Bulls"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chicago_Bulls510" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bulls" title="Chicago Bulls"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFFFFF">Chicago Bulls</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #000000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CE1141, inset -2px -2px 0 #CE1141; !important;;"><div> <ul><li>Founded in <b><a href="/wiki/1966%E2%80%9367_NBA_season" title="1966–67 NBA season"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFFFFF">1966</span></a></b></li> <li>Based in <b><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFFFFF">Chicago, Illinois</span></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #000000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CE1141, inset -2px -2px 0 #CE1141; !important;;;width:1%">Franchise</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bulls_all-time_roster" title="Chicago Bulls all-time roster">All-time roster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bulls_draft_history" title="Chicago Bulls draft history">Draft history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1966_NBA_expansion_draft" title="1966 NBA expansion draft">1966</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bulls_accomplishments_and_records" title="Chicago Bulls accomplishments and records">Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bulls_head_coaches" title="List of Chicago Bulls head coaches">Head coaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bulls_seasons" title="List of Chicago Bulls seasons">Seasons</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2024%E2%80%9325_Chicago_Bulls_season" title="2024–25 Chicago Bulls season">Current season</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #000000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CE1141, inset -2px -2px 0 #CE1141; !important;;;width:1%">Arenas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Amphitheatre" title="International Amphitheatre">International Amphitheatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Stadium" title="Chicago Stadium">Chicago Stadium</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_Center" title="United Center">United Center</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #000000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CE1141, inset -2px -2px 0 #CE1141; !important;;;width:1%">Personnel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Owner(s)</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Reinsdorf" title="Jerry Reinsdorf">Jerry Reinsdorf</a></dd> <dt>President</dt> <dd>Michael Reinsdorf</dd> <dt>General manager</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Marc_Eversley" title="Marc Eversley">Marc Eversley</a></dd> <dt>Head coach</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Billy_Donovan" title="Billy Donovan">Billy Donovan</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #000000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CE1141, inset -2px -2px 0 #CE1141; !important;;;width:1%">G League affiliate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windy_City_Bulls" title="Windy City Bulls">Windy City Bulls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #000000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CE1141, inset -2px -2px 0 #CE1141; !important;;;width:1%">Retired numbers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Sloan" title="Jerry Sloan">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Love" title="Bob Love">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Jordan" title="Michael Jordan">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottie_Pippen" title="Scottie Pippen">33</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #000000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CE1141, inset -2px -2px 0 #CE1141; !important;;;width:1%">NBA championships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1991_NBA_Finals" title="1991 NBA Finals">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_NBA_Finals" title="1992 NBA Finals">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_NBA_Finals" title="1993 NBA Finals">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_NBA_Finals" title="1996 NBA Finals">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_NBA_Finals" title="1997 NBA Finals">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_NBA_Finals" title="1998 NBA Finals">1998</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #000000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CE1141, inset -2px -2px 0 #CE1141; !important;;;width:1%">Rivalries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulls%E2%80%93Cavaliers_rivalry" title="Bulls–Cavaliers rivalry">Cleveland Cavaliers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulls%E2%80%93Pistons_rivalry" title="Bulls–Pistons rivalry">Detroit Pistons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulls%E2%80%93Knicks_rivalry" title="Bulls–Knicks rivalry">New York Knicks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #000000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CE1141, inset -2px -2px 0 #CE1141; !important;;;width:1%">Culture and lore</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bulls_broadcasters" title="List of Chicago Bulls broadcasters">Broadcasters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Jordan" title="Air Jordan">Air Jordan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jumpman_(logo)" title="Jumpman (logo)">Jumpman</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Edwards_(announcer)" title="Tommy Edwards (announcer)">Tommy Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Clay" title="Ray Clay">Ray Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benny_the_Bull" title="Benny the Bull">Benny the Bull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hue_Hollins" title="Hue Hollins">Disputed Foul Against Scottie Pippen</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sirius_(instrumental)" title="Sirius (instrumental)">Sirius</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/I_Believe_I_Can_Fly" title="I Believe I Can Fly">I Believe I Can Fly</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sweet_Home_Chicago" title="Sweet Home Chicago">Sweet Home Chicago</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Swerski%27s_Superfans" title="Bill Swerski's Superfans">Bill Swerski's Superfans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_Rules" title="Jordan Rules">Jordan Rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangle_offense" title="Triangle offense">Triangle offense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashland_station_(CTA_Green_and_Pink_Lines)" title="Ashland station (CTA Green and Pink Lines)">Ashland Green/Pink Line Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tex_Winter" title="Tex Winter">Tex Winter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Jordan_statue" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael Jordan statue"><i>The Spirit</i> (Michael Jordan statue)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantom_Buzzer_Game" title="Phantom Buzzer Game">Phantom Buzzer Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Shot" title="The Shot">The Shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bulls_championship_riots" title="Chicago Bulls championship riots">NBA championship riots</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bulls_vs_Lakers_and_the_NBA_Playoffs" title="Bulls vs Lakers and the NBA Playoffs">Bulls vs Lakers and the NBA Playoffs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bulls_vs._Blazers_and_the_NBA_Playoffs" title="Bulls vs. Blazers and the NBA Playoffs">Bulls vs. Blazers and the NBA Playoffs</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Tucker_Rule" title="Trent Tucker Rule">Trent Tucker Rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Calhoun_Shot" title="The Calhoun Shot">The Calhoun Shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995%E2%80%9396_Chicago_Bulls_season" title="1995–96 Chicago Bulls season">72–10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_6_of_the_1998_NBA_Finals" title="Game 6 of the 1998 NBA Finals">Michael Jordan's last shot</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Jam" title="Space Jam">Space Jam</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Dance_(miniseries)" title="The Last Dance (miniseries)">The Last Dance</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chicago_Bears1149" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;background-color: #0B162A !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #E64100, inset -2px -2px 0 #E64100;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chicago_Bears" title="Template:Chicago Bears"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chicago_Bears" title="Template talk:Chicago Bears"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago_Bears" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago Bears"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chicago_Bears1149" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears" title="Chicago Bears"><span style="color: #FFFFFF">Chicago Bears</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;"><div> <ul><li>Founded in 1919</li> <li>Formerly the <b>Decatur Staleys</b> (1919–1920) and the <b>Chicago Staleys</b> (1921)</li> <li>Based in <b><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago"><span style="color: #000000">Chicago, Illinois</span></a></b></li> <li>Headquartered in <b><a href="/wiki/Lake_Forest,_Illinois" title="Lake Forest, Illinois"><span style="color: #000000">Lake Forest, Illinois</span></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears" title="Chicago Bears"><span style="color: #000000">Franchise</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Chicago_Bears" title="History of the Chicago Bears">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bears_head_coaches" title="List of Chicago Bears head coaches">Coaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bears_seasons" title="List of Chicago Bears seasons">Seasons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Chicago_Bears_season" title="2024 Chicago Bears season">Current season</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bears_team_records" title="List of Chicago Bears team records"><span style="color: #000000">Records</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bears_team_records" title="List of Chicago Bears team records">Franchise records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bears_award_winners" title="List of Chicago Bears award winners">Team awards and honors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears_all-time_roster" title="Chicago Bears all-time roster">All-time roster</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears_all-time_roster_(A%E2%80%93Kla)" title="Chicago Bears all-time roster (A–Kla)">A–Kla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears_all-time_roster_(Kle%E2%80%93Z)" title="Chicago Bears all-time roster (Kle–Z)">Kle–Z</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bears_head_coaches" title="List of Chicago Bears head coaches">Head coaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bears_in_the_Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame" title="List of Chicago Bears in the Pro Football Hall of Fame">Pro Football Hall of Famers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bears_first-round_draft_picks" title="List of Chicago Bears first-round draft picks">First-round draft picks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bears_starting_quarterbacks" title="List of Chicago Bears starting quarterbacks">Starting quarterbacks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Stadiums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Staley_Field" title="Staley Field">Staley Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrigley_Field" title="Wrigley Field">Wrigley Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Stadium_(University_of_Illinois)" title="Memorial Stadium (University of Illinois)">Memorial Stadium</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Soldier_Field" title="Soldier Field">Soldier Field</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears_Stadium" title="Chicago Bears Stadium">Chicago Bears Stadium</a> (proposed)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Brian's Song</i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Brian%27s_Song" title="Brian's Song">1971</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brian%27s_Song_(2001_film)" title="Brian's Song (2001 film)">2001</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Piccolo_Award" title="Brian Piccolo Award">Brian Piccolo Award</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bear_Down,_Chicago_Bears" title="Bear Down, Chicago Bears">Bear Down, Chicago Bears</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Super_Bowl_Shuffle" title="The Super Bowl Shuffle">The Super Bowl Shuffle</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monsters_of_the_Midway" title="Monsters of the Midway">Monsters of the Midway</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sweet_Home_Chicago" title="Sweet Home Chicago">Sweet Home Chicago</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Swerski%27s_Superfans" title="Bill Swerski's Superfans">Bill Swerski's Superfans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Swirsky" title="Chuck Swirsky">Chuck Swirsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Honey_Bears" title="Chicago Honey Bears">Chicago Honey Bears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staley_Da_Bear" title="Staley Da Bear">Staley Da Bear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logos_and_uniforms_of_the_Chicago_Bears" title="Logos and uniforms of the Chicago Bears">Logos and uniforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halas_Hall" title="Halas Hall">Halas Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._E._Staley" title="A. E. Staley">A. E. Staley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Brickhouse" title="Jack Brickhouse">Jack Brickhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Halas" title="George Halas">George Halas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Ditka" title="Mike Ditka">Mike Ditka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_station_(CTA)" title="Roosevelt station (CTA)">Roosevelt/Wabash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/85386_Payton" class="mw-redirect" title="85386 Payton">85386 Payton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Cornelison" title="Jim Cornelison">Jim Cornelison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Chicago_Bears_season" title="2018 Chicago Bears season">Club Dub</a> ("<a href="/wiki/Swag_Surfin" title="Swag Surfin">Swag Surfin</a>")</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Lore</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1921_NFL_championship_controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="1921 NFL championship controversy">Staley Swindle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_NFL_Playoff_Game" title="1932 NFL Playoff Game">1932 Playoff Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1933 NFL Championship Game">First NFL Championship Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1934 NFL Championship Game">Sneakers Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T_formation" title="T formation">T formation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1940 NFL Championship Game">73–0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1985 Chicago Bears season">1985 season</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_XX" title="Super Bowl XX">Super Bowl XX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/46_defense" title="46 defense">46 defense</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instant_Replay_Game" title="Instant Replay Game">Asterisk Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fog_Bowl_(American_football)" title="Fog Bowl (American football)">Fog Bowl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Chicago_Bears%E2%80%93Arizona_Cardinals_game" title="2006 Chicago Bears–Arizona Cardinals game">"They are who we thought they were!"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_Doink" title="Double Doink">Double Doink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hail_Maryland" title="Hail Maryland">Hail Maryland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Rivalries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bears%E2%80%93Cardinals_rivalry" title="Bears–Cardinals rivalry">Arizona Cardinals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bears%E2%80%93Lions_rivalry" title="Bears–Lions rivalry">Detroit Lions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bears%E2%80%93Packers_rivalry" title="Bears–Packers rivalry">Green Bay Packers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bears%E2%80%93Vikings_rivalry" title="Bears–Vikings rivalry">Minnesota Vikings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bears%E2%80%93Giants_rivalry" title="Bears–Giants rivalry">New York Giants</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Minor league affiliates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Newark_Tornadoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Newark Tornadoes">Newark Bears</a> (<a href="/wiki/American_Association_(American_football)" title="American Association (American football)">AA</a>, 1939–1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita_Aero_Commandos" title="Wichita Aero Commandos">Wichita Aero Commandos</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Halas#Akron_Bears" title="George Halas">Akron Bears</a> (<a href="/wiki/American_Football_League_(1946)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Football League (1946)">AFL</a>, 1946)</li> <li>Bloomfield Cardinals (<a href="/wiki/American_Football_League_(1946)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Football League (1946)">AFL</a>, 1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_Rebels_(American_Football_League)" title="Richmond Rebels (American Football League)">Richmond Rebels</a> (<a href="/wiki/American_Football_League_(1946)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Football League (1946)">AFL</a>, 1948–1950)</li> <li>Quad City Mohawks (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Midwest_Professional_Football_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Midwest Professional Football League (page does not exist)">MWPFL</a>, 1970–1972)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Retired numbers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bronko_Nagurski" title="Bronko Nagurski">3</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/George_McAfee" title="George McAfee">5</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/George_Halas" title="George Halas">7</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Willie_Galimore" title="Willie Galimore">28</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Walter_Payton" title="Walter Payton">34</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gale_Sayers" title="Gale Sayers">40</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brian_Piccolo" title="Brian Piccolo">41</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sid_Luckman" title="Sid Luckman">42</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dick_Butkus" title="Dick Butkus">51</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bill_Hewitt_(American_football)" title="Bill Hewitt (American football)">56</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bill_George_(linebacker)" title="Bill George (linebacker)">61</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bulldog_Turner" title="Bulldog Turner">66</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Grange" title="Red Grange">77</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mike_Ditka" title="Mike Ditka">89</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Key personnel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Principal owner: <a href="/wiki/George_McCaskey" title="George McCaskey">George McCaskey</a></li> <li>Chairman: <a href="/wiki/George_McCaskey" title="George McCaskey">George McCaskey</a></li> <li>President/CEO: <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Warren" title="Kevin Warren">Kevin Warren</a></li> <li>General manager: <a href="/wiki/Ryan_Poles" title="Ryan Poles">Ryan Poles</a></li> <li>Head coach: <a href="/wiki/Ben_Johnson_(American_football_coach)" title="Ben Johnson (American football coach)">Ben Johnson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Division championships (21)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1933_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1933 Chicago Bears season">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1934 Chicago Bears season">1934</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1937_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1937 Chicago Bears season">1937</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1940 Chicago Bears season">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1941 Chicago Bears season">1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1942 Chicago Bears season">1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1943 Chicago Bears season">1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1946 Chicago Bears season">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1956 Chicago Bears season">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1963 Chicago Bears season">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1984 Chicago Bears season">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1985 Chicago Bears season">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1986 Chicago Bears season">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1987 Chicago Bears season">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1988 Chicago Bears season">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Chicago_Bears_season" title="1990 Chicago Bears season">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Chicago_Bears_season" title="2001 Chicago Bears season">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Chicago_Bears_season" title="2005 Chicago Bears season">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Chicago_Bears_season" title="2006 Chicago Bears season">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Chicago_Bears_season" title="2010 Chicago Bears season">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Chicago_Bears_season" title="2018 Chicago Bears season">2018</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Conference championships (4)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_NFL_season" title="1956 NFL season">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_NFL_season" title="1963 NFL season">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_NFL_season" title="1985 NFL season">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_NFL_season" title="2006 NFL season">2006</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">League championships (9)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1921_NFL_championship_controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="1921 NFL championship controversy">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_NFL_Playoff_Game" title="1932 NFL Playoff Game">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1933 NFL Championship Game">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1940 NFL Championship Game">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1941 NFL Championship Game">1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1943 NFL Championship Game">1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1946 NFL Championship Game">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1963 NFL Championship Game">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_XX" title="Super Bowl XX">1985 (XX)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_Bears_broadcasters" title="List of Chicago Bears broadcasters">Broadcasters</a></li> <li>Radio: <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">WMVP</a></li></ul></li> <li>Personnel: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Joniak" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeff Joniak">Jeff Joniak</a> (play-by-play)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Thayer" title="Tom Thayer">Tom Thayer</a> (analyst)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_McKie" title="Jason McKie">Jason McKie</a> (sideline reporter)</li></ul></li> <li>Television: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WFLD" title="WFLD">WFLD</a> (pre-season and most regular season games through <a href="/wiki/NFL_on_Fox" title="NFL on Fox">Fox</a>, official pre-game and post-game alternate)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquee_Sports_Network" title="Marquee Sports Network">Marquee Sports Network</a> (official post-game and in-season programming)</li></ul></li> <li>Personnel: <ul><li>Lou Canellis (gameday television host, pre-season sideline reporter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Amin" title="Adam Amin">Adam Amin</a> (pre-season play-by-play)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Miller_(quarterback)" title="Jim Miller (quarterback)">Jim Miller</a> (pre-season analyst)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;width:1%">Current league affiliations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>League: <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a></li> <li>Conference: <a href="/wiki/National_Football_Conference" title="National Football Conference">National Football Conference</a></li> <li>Division: <a href="/wiki/NFC_North" title="NFC North">North Division</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #E64100 !important; color: #000000 !important; ;;background-color: #0B162A !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #E64100, inset -2px -2px 0 #E64100;;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Chicago_Bears" title="Category:Chicago Bears"><span style="color:white">Category</span></a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Bears" class="extiw" title="commons:Chicago Bears"><span style="color:white">Commons</span></a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WikiProject"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Chicago_Bears" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Chicago Bears"><span style="color:white">WikiProject</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chicago_White_Sox599" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;background-color: #000000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #C4CED4, inset -2px -2px 0 #C4CED4; !important;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chicago_White_Sox" title="Template:Chicago White Sox"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chicago_White_Sox" title="Template talk:Chicago White Sox"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago_White_Sox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago White Sox"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chicago_White_Sox599" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_White_Sox" title="Chicago White Sox"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Chicago White Sox</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;"><div> <ul><li>Established in <b><a href="/wiki/1900_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1900 Major League Baseball season"><span style="color:#000000">1900</span></a></b></li> <li>Based in <b><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago"><span style="color:#000000">Chicago, Illinois</span></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_White_Sox" title="Chicago White Sox"><span style="color:#000000">Franchise</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Chicago_White_Sox" title="History of the Chicago White Sox">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_White_Sox_seasons" title="List of Chicago White Sox seasons">Seasons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_White_Sox_owners_and_executives" title="List of Chicago White Sox owners and executives">Owners and executives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_White_Sox_managers" title="List of Chicago White Sox managers">Managers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_White_Sox_all-time_roster" title="Chicago White Sox all-time roster">Players</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_White_Sox_Opening_Day_starting_pitchers" title="List of Chicago White Sox Opening Day starting pitchers">Opening Day starting pitchers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_White_Sox_first-round_draft_picks" title="List of Chicago White Sox first-round draft picks">first-round draft picks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_White_Sox_broadcasters" title="List of Chicago White Sox broadcasters">Broadcasters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_White_Sox_team_records" title="List of Chicago White Sox team records">Team records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_White_Sox_award_winners_and_league_leaders" title="List of Chicago White Sox award winners and league leaders">Award winners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_White_Sox_no-hitters" title="List of Chicago White Sox no-hitters">No-hitters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">Ballparks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Side_Park" title="South Side Park">South Side Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comiskey_Park" title="Comiskey Park">Comiskey Park</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rate_Field" title="Rate Field">Rate Field</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Spring training:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recreation_Park_(San_Francisco)" title="Recreation Park (San Francisco)">Recreation Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_Springs_Stadium" title="Palm Springs Stadium">Palm Springs Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plant_Field" title="Plant Field">Plant Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Lopez_Field" title="Al Lopez Field">Al Lopez Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Payne_Park" title="Payne Park">Payne Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Smith_Stadium" title="Ed Smith Stadium">Ed Smith Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kino_Veterans_Memorial_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Kino Veterans Memorial Stadium">Tucson Electric Park</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Camelback_Ranch" title="Camelback Ranch">Camelback Ranch</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andy_the_Clown" title="Andy the Clown">Andy the Clown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armour_Square,_Chicago" title="Armour Square, Chicago">Armour Square</a>/<a href="/wiki/Bridgeport,_Chicago" title="Bridgeport, Chicago">Bridgeport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Betsy" title="Black Betsy">Black Betsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sox_Scandal" title="Black Sox Scandal">Black Sox Scandal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curse_of_the_Black_Sox" title="Curse of the Black Sox">Curse of the Black Sox</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eight_Men_Out" title="Eight Men Out">Eight Men Out</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fix_(opera)" title="The Fix (opera)">The Fix</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Field_of_Dreams" title="Field of Dreams">Field of Dreams</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shoeless_Joe_(novel)" title="Shoeless Joe (novel)">Shoeless Joe</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Stubby_and_the_Buccaneers" title="Captain Stubby and the Buccaneers">Captain Stubby and the Buccaneers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gene_Honda" title="Gene Honda">Gene Honda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Let%27s_Go,_Go-Go_White_Sox" title="Let's Go, Go-Go White Sox">"Let's Go, Go-Go White Sox"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Faust" title="Nancy Faust">Nancy Faust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_White_Sox_nicknames" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chicago White Sox nicknames">Nicknames</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Only_the_Lonely_(film)" title="Only the Lonely (film)">Only The Lonely</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Bossard" title="Roger Bossard">The Sodfather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_mascots" title="List of Major League Baseball mascots">Southpaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sox%E2%80%9335th_(CTA_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sox–35th (CTA station)">Sox–35th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sportsvision" title="Sportsvision">Sportsvision</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Stratton_Story" title="The Stratton Story">The Stratton Story</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_Home_Chicago" title="Sweet Home Chicago">"Sweet Home Chicago"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turn_Back_the_Clock_(baseball)" title="Turn Back the Clock (baseball)">Turn Back the Clock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Flag_Trade" title="White Flag Trade">White Flag Trade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">Lore</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1994_Cleveland_Indians_corked_bat_incident" title="1994 Cleveland Indians corked bat incident">1994 bat burglary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_American_League_Central_tie-breaker_game" title="2008 American League Central tie-breaker game">2008 Blackout Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Chicago_White_Sox%E2%80%93Baltimore_Orioles_crowdless_game" title="2015 Chicago White Sox–Baltimore Orioles crowdless game">2015 crowdless game</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Artnell_Company_v._Commissioner" title="Artnell Company v. Commissioner">Artnell Company v. Commissioner</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disco_Demolition_Night" title="Disco Demolition Night">Disco Demolition Night</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1906_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1906 Chicago White Sox season">The Hitless Wonders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_perfect_games" title="List of Major League Baseball perfect games">Perfect games</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Robertson%27s_perfect_game" title="Charlie Robertson's perfect game">Charlie Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Buehrle%27s_perfect_game" title="Mark Buehrle's perfect game">Mark Buehrle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Humber%27s_perfect_game" title="Philip Humber's perfect game">Philip Humber</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1977 Chicago White Sox season">South Side Hitmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1983 Chicago White Sox season">Winning Ugly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MLB_at_Field_of_Dreams" title="MLB at Field of Dreams">MLB at Field of Dreams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2024 Chicago White Sox season">41-121</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">Rivalries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cubs%E2%80%93White_Sox_rivalry" title="Cubs–White Sox rivalry">Chicago Cubs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tigers%E2%80%93White_Sox_rivalry" title="Tigers–White Sox rivalry">Detroit Tigers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twins%E2%80%93White_Sox_rivalry" title="Twins–White Sox rivalry">Minnesota Twins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">Key personnel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Chairman: <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Reinsdorf" title="Jerry Reinsdorf">Jerry Reinsdorf</a></li> <li>General Manager: <a href="/wiki/Chris_Getz" title="Chris Getz">Chris Getz</a></li> <li>Special Assistant to the GM: <a href="/wiki/Jim_Thome" title="Jim Thome">Jim Thome</a></li> <li>Manager: <a href="/wiki/Will_Venable" title="Will Venable">Will Venable</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">World Series<br />championships (3)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1906_World_Series" title="1906 World Series">1906</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1917_World_Series" title="1917 World Series">1917</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_World_Series" title="2005 World Series">2005</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">American League<br />championships (6)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1901_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1901 Chicago White Stockings season">1901</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1906_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1906 Chicago White Sox season">1906</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1917_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1917 Chicago White Sox season">1917</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1919_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1919 Chicago White Sox season">1919</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1959 Chicago White Sox season">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_American_League_Championship_Series" title="2005 American League Championship Series">2005</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">Division championships (6)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>West: <a href="/wiki/1983_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1983 Chicago White Sox season">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1993 Chicago White Sox season">1993</a></li> <li>Central: <a href="/wiki/2000_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2000 Chicago White Sox season">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2005 Chicago White Sox season">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2008 Chicago White Sox season">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2021 Chicago White Sox season">2021</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">Wild Card berths (1)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2020 Chicago White Sox season">2020</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicago_White_Sox_minor_league_affiliates" title="List of Chicago White Sox minor league affiliates"><span style="color:#000000">Minor league<br />affiliates</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Knights" title="Charlotte Knights">Charlotte Knights</a> (Triple-A)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Barons" title="Birmingham Barons">Birmingham Barons</a> (Double-A)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston-Salem_Dash" title="Winston-Salem Dash">Winston-Salem Dash</a> (High-A)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kannapolis_Cannon_Ballers" title="Kannapolis Cannon Ballers">Kannapolis Cannon Ballers</a> (Single-A)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Complex_League_White_Sox" title="Arizona Complex League White Sox">ACL White Sox</a> (Rookie)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Summer_League_White_Sox" title="Dominican Summer League White Sox">DSL White Sox</a> (Rookie)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sports_Network" title="Chicago Sports Network">Chicago Sports Network</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">ESPN Radio 1000</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_White_Sox_Radio_Network" title="Chicago White Sox Radio Network">White Sox Radio Network</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WKRS" title="WKRS">ESPN Deportes 1220 AM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;background-color: #000000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #C4CED4, inset -2px -2px 0 #C4CED4; !important;;"><div id="Seasons_(125)78" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Seasons (125)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">1900s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">1900 · </span> <b><a href="/wiki/1901_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1901 Chicago White Stockings season">1901</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1902_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1902 Chicago White Stockings season">1902</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1903_Chicago_White_Stockings_season" title="1903 Chicago White Stockings season">1903</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1904 Chicago White Sox season">1904</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1905_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1905 Chicago White Sox season">1905</a></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/1906_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1906 Chicago White Sox season">1906</a></b></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1907_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1907 Chicago White Sox season">1907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1908 Chicago White Sox season">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1909_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1909 Chicago White Sox season">1909</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">1910s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1910_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1910 Chicago White Sox season">1910</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1911_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1911 Chicago White Sox season">1911</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1912 Chicago White Sox season">1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1913_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1913 Chicago White Sox season">1913</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1914_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1914 Chicago White Sox season">1914</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1915 Chicago White Sox season">1915</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1916 Chicago White Sox season">1916</a></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/1917_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1917 Chicago White Sox season">1917</a></b></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1918_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1918 Chicago White Sox season">1918</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1919_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1919 Chicago White Sox season">1919</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">1920s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1920_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1920 Chicago White Sox season">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1921_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1921 Chicago White Sox season">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1922_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1922 Chicago White Sox season">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1923 Chicago White Sox season">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1924 Chicago White Sox season">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1925_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1925 Chicago White Sox season">1925</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1926 Chicago White Sox season">1926</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1927_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1927 Chicago White Sox season">1927</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1928 Chicago White Sox season">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1929_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1929 Chicago White Sox season">1929</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">1930s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1930_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1930 Chicago White Sox season">1930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1931_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1931 Chicago White Sox season">1931</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1932 Chicago White Sox season">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1933 Chicago White Sox season">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1934 Chicago White Sox season">1934</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1935 Chicago White Sox season">1935</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1936 Chicago White Sox season">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1937_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1937 Chicago White Sox season">1937</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1938 Chicago White Sox season">1938</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1939_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1939 Chicago White Sox season">1939</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">1940s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1940 Chicago White Sox season">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1941 Chicago White Sox season">1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1942 Chicago White Sox season">1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1943 Chicago White Sox season">1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1944 Chicago White Sox season">1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1945 Chicago White Sox season">1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1946 Chicago White Sox season">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1947 Chicago White Sox season">1947</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1948 Chicago White Sox season">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1949 Chicago White Sox season">1949</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1950_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1950 Chicago White Sox season">1950</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1951 Chicago White Sox season">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1952 Chicago White Sox season">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1953 Chicago White Sox season">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1954 Chicago White Sox season">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1955 Chicago White Sox season">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1956 Chicago White Sox season">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1957 Chicago White Sox season">1957</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1958 Chicago White Sox season">1958</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1959_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1959 Chicago White Sox season">1959</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1960_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1960 Chicago White Sox season">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1961_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1961 Chicago White Sox season">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1962_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1962 Chicago White Sox season">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1963 Chicago White Sox season">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1964 Chicago White Sox season">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1965 Chicago White Sox season">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1966 Chicago White Sox season">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1967 Chicago White Sox season">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1968 Chicago White Sox season">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1969 Chicago White Sox season">1969</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1970_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1970 Chicago White Sox season">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1971 Chicago White Sox season">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1972 Chicago White Sox season">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1973 Chicago White Sox season">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1974 Chicago White Sox season">1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1975 Chicago White Sox season">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1976 Chicago White Sox season">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1977 Chicago White Sox season">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1978 Chicago White Sox season">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1979 Chicago White Sox season">1979</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1980 Chicago White Sox season">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1981 Chicago White Sox season">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1982 Chicago White Sox season">1982</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1983_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1983 Chicago White Sox season">1983</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1984 Chicago White Sox season">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1985 Chicago White Sox season">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1986 Chicago White Sox season">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1987 Chicago White Sox season">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1988 Chicago White Sox season">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1989 Chicago White Sox season">1989</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1990_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1990 Chicago White Sox season">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1991 Chicago White Sox season">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1992 Chicago White Sox season">1992</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1993_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1993 Chicago White Sox season">1993</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1994 Chicago White Sox season">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1995 Chicago White Sox season">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1996 Chicago White Sox season">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1997 Chicago White Sox season">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1998 Chicago White Sox season">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="1999 Chicago White Sox season">1999</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/2000_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2000 Chicago White Sox season">2000</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2001 Chicago White Sox season">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2002 Chicago White Sox season">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2003 Chicago White Sox season">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2004 Chicago White Sox season">2004</a></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/2005_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2005 Chicago White Sox season">2005</a></b></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2006 Chicago White Sox season">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2007 Chicago White Sox season">2007</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2008_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2008 Chicago White Sox season">2008</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2009 Chicago White Sox season">2009</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2010 Chicago White Sox season">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2011 Chicago White Sox season">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2012 Chicago White Sox season">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2013 Chicago White Sox season">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2014 Chicago White Sox season">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2015 Chicago White Sox season">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2016 Chicago White Sox season">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2017 Chicago White Sox season">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2018 Chicago White Sox season">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2019 Chicago White Sox season">2019</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #C4CED4 !important; color: #000000 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000; !important;;;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/2020_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2020 Chicago White Sox season">2020</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2021_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2021 Chicago White Sox season">2021</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2022 Chicago White Sox season">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2023 Chicago White Sox season">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2024 Chicago White Sox season">2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_Chicago_White_Sox_season" title="2025 Chicago White Sox season">2025</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMVP&oldid=1275574728">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMVP&oldid=1275574728</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1926_establishments_in_Illinois" title="Category:1926 establishments in Illinois">1926 establishments in Illinois</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Clear-channel_radio_stations" title="Category:Clear-channel radio stations">Clear-channel radio stations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Disney_radio_stations" title="Category:Disney radio stations">Disney radio stations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:ESPN_Radio_stations" title="Category:ESPN Radio stations">ESPN Radio stations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Radio_stations_established_in_1926" title="Category:Radio stations established in 1926">Radio stations established in 1926</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Radio_stations_in_Chicago" title="Category:Radio stations in Chicago">Radio stations in Chicago</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sports_radio_stations_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Sports radio stations in the United States">Sports radio stations in the United States</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_June_2024" title="Category:Use mdy dates from June 2024">Use mdy dates from June 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_using_infobox_radio_station" title="Category:Articles using infobox radio station">Articles using infobox radio station</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Official_website_different_in_Wikidata_and_Wikipedia" title="Category:Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia">Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 13 February 2025, at 20:52<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMVP&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">WMVP</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>3 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-b766959bd-vmfgm","wgBackendResponseTime":111,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.323","walltime":"1.710","ppvisitednodes":{"value":9428,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":597590,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":139349,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":19,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":16,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":542903,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1368.328 1 -total"," 39.38% 538.802 1 Template:Reflist"," 28.22% 386.101 84 Template:Cite_web"," 24.23% 331.556 1 Template:Infobox_radio_station"," 23.24% 317.932 1 Template:Infobox"," 20.43% 279.523 1 Template:Navboxes"," 17.84% 244.129 11 Template:Navbox"," 6.48% 88.666 21 Template:Cite_news"," 6.05% 82.753 1 Template:Chicago_Radio"," 5.40% 73.864 1 Template:Short_description"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.697","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":11334007,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-b766959bd-bqm7f","timestamp":"20250215023436","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"WMVP","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/WMVP","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q3564732","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q3564732","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-06-12T14:08:53Z","dateModified":"2025-02-13T20:52:39Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/a6\/ESPNRadio_1000_2012.png","headline":"clear-channel ESPN Radio station in Chicago"}</script> </body> </html>