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dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Francesco Nullo</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Francesco_Nullo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Francesco_Nullo.jpg/220px-Francesco_Nullo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="381" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Francesco_Nullo.jpg/330px-Francesco_Nullo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Francesco_Nullo.jpg/440px-Francesco_Nullo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1532" data-file-height="2652" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1826-03-01</span>)</span>1 March 1826<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Bergamo" title="Bergamo">Bergamo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Lombardy%E2%80%93Venetia" title="Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia">Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">5 May 1863<span style="display:none">(1863-05-05)</span> (aged 37)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Krzykawka" title="Krzykawka">Krzykawka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Congress_Poland" title="Congress Poland">Congress Poland</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Movement</th><td class="infobox-data category"><i><a href="/wiki/Italian_unification" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian unification">Il Risorgimento</a></i> (Unification of Italy)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Francesco Nullo</b> (1 March 1826 – 5 May 1863) was an Italian <a href="/wiki/Patriotism" title="Patriotism">patriot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Military_officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Military officer">military officer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Merchant" title="Merchant">merchant</a>, and a close friend and confidant of <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Garibaldi" title="Giuseppe Garibaldi">Giuseppe Garibaldi</a>. He supported independence movements in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>. He was a participant in the <a href="/wiki/Five_Days_of_Milan" title="Five Days of Milan">Five Days of Milan</a> and other events of the <a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848_in_the_Italian_states" title="Revolutions of 1848 in the Italian states">revolutions of 1848 in the Italian states</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicilian</a> <a href="/wiki/Expedition_of_the_Thousand" title="Expedition of the Thousand">Expedition of the Thousand</a> in 1860 and the Polish <a href="/wiki/January_Uprising" title="January Uprising">January Uprising</a> in 1863. His military career ended with him receiving the rank of general in <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>, shortly before his death in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Krzykawka" title="Battle of Krzykawka">Battle of Krzykawka</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Youth">Youth</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francesco_Nullo&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Youth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Francesco Nullo was born on 1 March 1826 in <a href="/wiki/Bergamo" title="Bergamo">Bergamo</a>, as a son of Arcangelo and Angelina Magno, a wealthy family of linen traders.<sup id="cite_ref-school_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-school2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had five younger brothers.<sup id="cite_ref-school_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He finished primary school there, with distinction, and continued his education in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Collegio_Celana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Collegio Celana (page does not exist)">Collegio Celana</a> in Val San Martino (<a href="/wiki/Caprino_Bergamasco" title="Caprino Bergamasco">Caprino Bergamasco</a>); a former ecclesiastic seminary, one of the best boarding schools in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-school_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-school2_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1840 he returned to work in his family's textile factory, but left soon afterward to study in <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a>; there he became involved in the revolutionary movement for Italian unification.<sup id="cite_ref-school_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-school2_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Struggle_for_Italian_independence">Struggle for Italian independence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francesco_Nullo&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Struggle for Italian independence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Francesco_Nullo.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Francesco_Nullo.PNG/220px-Francesco_Nullo.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Francesco_Nullo.PNG/330px-Francesco_Nullo.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Francesco_Nullo.PNG/440px-Francesco_Nullo.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1455" data-file-height="1860" /></a><figcaption>Portrait in the <a href="/wiki/Polish_Army_Museum" title="Polish Army Museum">Polish Army Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848_in_the_Italian_states" title="Revolutions of 1848 in the Italian states">Revolutions of 1848 in the Italian states</a></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848" title="Revolutions of 1848">revolutions of 1848</a>, along with his two brothers he took part in fighting during the <a href="/wiki/Five_Days_of_Milan" title="Five Days of Milan">Five Days of Milan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-school_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-school2_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1849 he fought near <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, and retreated together with <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Garibaldi" title="Giuseppe Garibaldi">Giuseppe Garibaldi</a> to <a href="/wiki/San_Marino" title="San Marino">San Marino</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-school_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1850 he returned to Bergamo, where he resumed his life as a textile merchant for the next decade.<sup id="cite_ref-school_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1859, motivated by the resurgence of Italian patriotism, he joined Garibaldi in the ranks of <a href="/wiki/Hunters_of_the_Alps" title="Hunters of the Alps">Hunters of the Alps</a> to fight against the Austrians. On 3 May in <a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a> he formed a unit of volunteers.<sup id="cite_ref-school_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 27 May he took part in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Fermo" title="Battle of San Fermo">Battle of San Fermo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-school_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nullo became widely known for the <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicilian</a> <a href="/wiki/Expedition_of_the_Thousand" title="Expedition of the Thousand">Expedition of the Thousand</a>, where he commanded the <i>Iron Company</i> (or <i>Iron Brigade</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-school2_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Interia_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Interia-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He personally supervised the enrollment of volunteers in <a href="/wiki/Bergamo" title="Bergamo">Bergamo</a> which, given the large number of accessions (more than 10% of the total), could then boast the title of <i>City of the Thousand</i>. Due to his previous experience in the textile industry, he provided the red shirts used by Italian "garibaldini" (voluntary troops at Garibaldi's command), who became known as the "red shirts". He was wounded in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Calatafimi" title="Battle of Calatafimi">Battle of Calatafimi</a>, but just a few days later led his soldiers in a charge at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Palermo_(1860)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Palermo (1860) (page does not exist)">Battle of Palermo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-school_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-school2_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the one who planted the first <a href="/wiki/Italian_flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian flag">Italian flag</a> in <a href="/wiki/Palermo" title="Palermo">Palermo</a> on 27 May 1860. He fought in the victorious <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Reggio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Reggio (page does not exist)">Battle of Reggio</a> in <a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a>, and was promoted to major soon afterward.<sup id="cite_ref-school_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He wrote in the Book of Honor of Bergamo's <i>volunteers</i>: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>I am proud to belong to the ranks of the valiant sons of Bergamo who adorn the pages of this book of honor and to see my name alongside those of many brothers in arms </p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Bortolo Belotti, <i>Storia di Bergamo e dei bergamaschi</i>, Bergamo, Bolis, 1989</cite></div></blockquote> <p>In 1862 Nullo was arrested along with 123 other partisans while organizing an expedition for the liberation of Austrian-ruled <a href="/wiki/Veneto" title="Veneto">Veneto</a> (considered too dangerous by the newly established <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(1861%E2%80%931946)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)">Kingdom of Italy</a>). He was soon released, under the pressure of numerous demonstrators calling to "Release Nullo".<sup id="cite_ref-school2_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He continued to be a faithful companion to Garibaldi in the second expedition to Sicily, including at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aspromonte" title="Battle of Aspromonte">Battle of Aspromonte</a> (1862), when the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Army" title="Italian Army">Italian Army</a> had to stop Garibaldi in his attempt to reach and conquer <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, which was protected by <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>. Garibaldi was injured in the battle, and Nullo was responsible for saving him.<sup id="cite_ref-school_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_the_1863_Polish_January_Uprising">In the 1863 Polish January Uprising</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francesco_Nullo&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: In the 1863 Polish January Uprising"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/January_Uprising" title="January Uprising">January Uprising</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Krzykawa-nullo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Krzykawa-nullo.jpg/220px-Krzykawa-nullo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="325" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Krzykawa-nullo.jpg/330px-Krzykawa-nullo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Krzykawa-nullo.jpg/440px-Krzykawa-nullo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="474" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption>Monument to Nullo in <a href="/wiki/Krzykawka" title="Krzykawka">Krzykawka</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PL_Francesco_Nullo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/PL_Francesco_Nullo.jpg/220px-PL_Francesco_Nullo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/PL_Francesco_Nullo.jpg/330px-PL_Francesco_Nullo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/PL_Francesco_Nullo.jpg/440px-PL_Francesco_Nullo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Bust of Nullo in <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Francesco_Nullo_grave_-_02.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Francesco_Nullo_grave_-_02.JPG/220px-Francesco_Nullo_grave_-_02.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Francesco_Nullo_grave_-_02.JPG/330px-Francesco_Nullo_grave_-_02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Francesco_Nullo_grave_-_02.JPG/440px-Francesco_Nullo_grave_-_02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1712" /></a><figcaption>Nullo's grave in <a href="/wiki/Olkusz" title="Olkusz">Olkusz</a></figcaption></figure> <p>After the overthrow of the government of <a href="/wiki/Urbano_Rattazzi" title="Urbano Rattazzi">Urbano Rattazzi</a>, because of the popular indignation at the events in Aspromonte, the new prime minister <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Carlo_Farini" title="Luigi Carlo Farini">Luigi Carlo Farini</a> encouraged Nullo to form a legion of volunteers to intervene on the side of <a href="/wiki/January_Uprising" title="January Uprising">Polish insurgents against Russian domination</a>, ensuring his lobbying at King <a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Emanuele_II_of_Savoy" class="mw-redirect" title="Vittorio Emanuele II of Savoy">Vittorio Emanuele II</a>, to declare war on the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>. Nullo, already friends with Poles such as <a href="/wiki/Ludwik_Mieros%C5%82awski" title="Ludwik Mierosławski">Ludwik Mierosławski</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marian_Langiewicz" title="Marian Langiewicz">Marian Langiewicz</a>, who supported him and Garibaldi in their past fights, quickly took to the Polish cause, soon organizing meetings in Bergamo and recruiting volunteers for the Polish cause, recalling Polish support for the Italian cause during the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleonic wars">Napoleonic wars</a> (<a href="/wiki/Polish_Legions_in_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish Legions in Italy">Polish Legions in Italy</a>), and even more so, during the <a href="/wiki/Spring_of_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Spring of Nations">Spring of Nations</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mickiewicz%27s_Legion" class="mw-redirect" title="Mickiewicz's Legion">Mickiewicz's Legion</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-school_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-school2_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Farini was considered insane and forced to resign, but Nullo could leave for <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>, gathering some Italian volunteers (sources vary with regards to their number, but most reliable ones settle on about twenty).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The group, commanded by Nullo, became known as the <a href="/wiki/Garibaldi_Legion_(Poland)" title="Garibaldi Legion (Poland)">Garibaldi Legion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Interia_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Interia-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WIEM_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WIEM-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the trip, the Italian group was joined by a small groups of Polish emigres and the French volunteer unit, the <a href="/wiki/Zouaves_of_Death" title="Zouaves of Death">Zouaves of Death</a>, led by Lieutenant <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Rochebrune" title="François Rochebrune">François Rochebrune</a>. The Italians and the French were sometimes referred to as the Foreign Legion.<sup id="cite_ref-Interia_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Interia-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nullo with a selected cadre of a dozen or so volunteers reached <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a> in April 1863.<sup id="cite_ref-school_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were incorporated into the unit of colonel <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%B3zef_Miniewski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Józef Miniewski (page does not exist)">Józef Miniewski</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-school_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-school2_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Legion crossed the borders of <a href="/wiki/Congress_Poland" title="Congress Poland">Congress Poland</a> on the night of 3–4 May near <a href="/wiki/Ostr%C4%99%C5%BCnica" title="Ostrężnica">Ostrężnica</a> and <a href="/wiki/Czy%C5%BC%C3%B3wka,_Chrzan%C3%B3w_County" title="Czyżówka, Chrzanów County">Czyżówka</a>, after organizing in <a href="/wiki/Krzeszowice" title="Krzeszowice">Krzeszowice</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-school_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Early in the morning of the 4th the unit's first battle in Poland occurred at <a href="/wiki/Pod%C5%82%C4%99%C5%BCe,_Chrzan%C3%B3w_County" title="Podłęże, Chrzanów County">Podłęże</a> where it defeated a <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian force</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Garrison" title="Garrison">garrison</a> from <a href="/wiki/Olkusz" title="Olkusz">Olkusz</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-school_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-school2_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Polish_National_Government_(January_Uprising)" title="Polish National Government (January Uprising)">Polish National Government</a> awarded him the rank of general.<sup id="cite_ref-Interia_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Interia-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WIEM_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WIEM-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With a Polish unit commanded by colonel Miniewski he marched on <a href="/wiki/Olkusz" title="Olkusz">Olkusz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Interia_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Interia-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the morning of 5 May they reached <a href="/wiki/Krzykawka" title="Krzykawka">Krzykawka</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-school_1-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Subsequently, on 5 May, the Legion, along with the Polish unit under Miniewski, took part in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Krzykawka" title="Battle of Krzykawka">Battle of Krzykawka</a>. In the first stage of the battle, the insurgents push the Russian troops back in close fighting; but subsequent Russian reinforcements turned the tide and the insurgents and their foreign allies suffered heavy casualties; both Miniewski and Nullo were killed in that battle.<sup id="cite_ref-WIEM_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WIEM-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nullo was mortally injured leading the charge.<sup id="cite_ref-school_1-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hit by a <a href="/wiki/Cossack" class="mw-redirect" title="Cossack">Cossack</a> bullet while preparing (or leading) a charge (sources vary), he had only time to whisper, in <a href="/wiki/Bergamasque" class="mw-redirect" title="Bergamasque">Bergamo dialect</a>: <i>So' mort!</i> (I'm dead).<sup id="cite_ref-school_1-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-school2_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several other Italians were killed in this battle, and some were taken prisoner and deported to <a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Corniglio" title="Corniglio">cornigliese</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Giovanni_Rustici&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giovanni Rustici (page does not exist)">Giovanni Rustici</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Remembrance">Remembrance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francesco_Nullo&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Remembrance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, two <a href="/wiki/Warship" title="Warship">warships</a> have been named for Nullo. <a href="/wiki/Italian_destroyer_Francesco_Nullo_(1914)" title="Italian destroyer Francesco Nullo (1914)">The first</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Rosolino_Pilo-class_destroyer" title="Rosolino Pilo-class destroyer"><i>Rosolino Pilo</i>-class</a> <a href="/wiki/Destroyer" title="Destroyer">destroyer</a>, was built at <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cantiere_Pattison&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cantiere Pattison (page does not exist)">Cantiere Pattison</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ship_commissioning" title="Ship commissioning">commissioned</a> in 1915, and renamed <i>Fratelli Cairoli</i> in 1921. <a href="/wiki/Italian_destroyer_Francesco_Nullo_(1925)" title="Italian destroyer Francesco Nullo (1925)">The second</a>, a destroyer of the <a href="/wiki/Sauro-class_destroyer" title="Sauro-class destroyer"><i>Sauro</i> class</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Marshall1995_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall1995-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was built in <a href="/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka">Fiume</a> by <a href="/wiki/3._Maj" title="3. Maj">3. Maj</a> and served from 1927 until she was sunk in 1940. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Bergamo" title="Bergamo">Bergamo</a>, his hometown, a statue erected in 1907 by sculptor Ernesto Bazzaro near the main city theatre was dedicated to him. In 1937 an <a href="/wiki/Urn" title="Urn">urn</a> with soil from his tomb was offered by Polish legioners to the Bergamo Municipality. It is preserved in the town's Museum of <i><a href="/wiki/Italian_unification" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian unification">Risorgimento</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several schools in Poland are named after him.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> Nullo is considered a national hero. On 8 May he was buried in the cemetery in <a href="/wiki/Olkusz" title="Olkusz">Olkusz</a>, together with several other soldiers killed in the battle of Krzykawka, and on 12 May a mass in his name was held in <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-school2_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Olkusz_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Olkusz-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even before Poland regained its independence, a monument dedicated to him was built there by the local community; it was raised illegally as at that time Olkusz was still part of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_partition" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian partition">Russian partition</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-school2_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-school2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Olkusz_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Olkusz-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1915 a memorial to Nullo and other soldiers was raised on the battle site near Krzykawka; the field is known as Nullo's Field.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/Second_Polish_Republic" title="Second Polish Republic">Second Polish Republic</a>, in 1923, on the 60th anniversary of the battle, a ceremony was held there, attended by government officials and with the writer <a href="/wiki/Stefan_%C5%BBeromski" title="Stefan Żeromski">Stefan Żeromski</a> giving a <a href="/wiki/Eulogy" title="Eulogy">eulogy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Olkusz_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Olkusz-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1931 a Polish-Italian ceremony was held at the graveyard.<sup id="cite_ref-Olkusz_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Olkusz-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the patron of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=50_Regiment_of_Kresy_Riflemen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="50 Regiment of Kresy Riflemen (page does not exist)">50 Regiment of Kresy Riflemen</a> (<i>50 Pułk Piechoty Strzelców Kresowych</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even during the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> years, a consul went to Bergamo to pay him homage at the foot of the monument dedicated to him in his hometown. In 1963, on the battle's 100th anniversary, an Italian delegation visited the cemetery, adding another plaque and several trees.<sup id="cite_ref-Olkusz_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Olkusz-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nine streets and three schools in Poland bear his name. He is also commemorated in several poems.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is also a monument in <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a> (on a street bearing his name), the monument was unveiled on 26 February 1939 by <a href="/wiki/Galeazzo_Ciano" title="Galeazzo Ciano">Galeazzo Ciano</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the 130th anniversary of his death, 5 May 1993, <a href="/wiki/Polish_Post" title="Polish Post">Polish Post</a> issued a stamp dedicated to him.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francesco_Nullo&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-school-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-school_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school_1-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school_1-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school_1-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school_1-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school_1-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Polish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sp4.ilkus.pl/historia.html">Sylwetka Patrona</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181028173210/http://www.sp4.ilkus.pl/historia.html">Archived</a> 2018-10-28 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-school2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-school2_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school2_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school2_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school2_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school2_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school2_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school2_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school2_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school2_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school2_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school2_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school2_2-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-school2_2-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Polish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spkrzykawa.szkolnastrona.pl/index.php?p=m&idg=zt,40">Patron Szkoły</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Interia-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Interia_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Interia_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Interia_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Interia_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Interia_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Polish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://encyklopedia.interia.pl/haslo?hid=90912">NULLO Francesco (1826-63)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Monica Gardner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/pss/27534015">An Italian Tragedy in Siberia</a>, The Sewanee Review, Vol. 34, No. 3 (Jul. - Sep., 1926), pp. 329-338</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WIEM-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WIEM_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WIEM_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WIEM_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Polish)</span> <a href="/wiki/WIEM_Encyklopedia" title="WIEM Encyklopedia">WIEM Encyklopedia</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://portalwiedzy.onet.pl/44113,,,,nullo_francesco,haslo.html">Nullo Francesco</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304040015/http://portalwiedzy.onet.pl/44113,,,,nullo_francesco,haslo.html">Archived</a> 2016-03-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parmaelasuastoria.it/ita/Rondani-Ruzzi.aspx?idMostra=38&idNode=300#rustici">Parma e la sua storia</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151120171535/http://www.parmaelasuastoria.it/ita/Rondani-Ruzzi.aspx?idMostra=38&idNode=300#rustici">Archived</a> 2015-11-20 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> - Giovanni Rustici (<a href="/wiki/Parma" title="Parma">Parma</a> Municipal Library System)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Marshall1995-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Marshall1995_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFChris_Marshall1995" class="citation book cs1">Chris Marshall (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=evkgAQAAIAAJ"><i>The encyclopedia of ships: the history and specifications of over 1200 ships</i></a>. Barnes & Noble. p. 138. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56619-909-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56619-909-4"><bdi>978-1-56619-909-4</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+encyclopedia+of+ships%3A+the+history+and+specifications+of+over+1200+ships&rft.pages=138&rft.pub=Barnes+%26+Noble&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-1-56619-909-4&rft.au=Chris+Marshall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DevkgAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrancesco+Nullo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comune.bergamo.it/servizi/Menu/dinamica.aspx?idArea=1181&idCat=2108&ID=2126">Comune di Bergamo</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> - statue of Nullo</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chieracostui.com/costui/docs/search/schedaoltre.asp?ID=6243">Statue of Nullo in Bergamo</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sp100.edu.pl/">"Szko³a Podstawowa Numer 100 im. Francesco Nullo"</a>. <i>sp100.edu.pl</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sp100.edu.pl&rft.atitle=Szko%C2%B3a+Podstawowa+Numer+100+im.+Francesco+Nullo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sp100.edu.pl%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrancesco+Nullo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sp4.ilkus.pl/">"Szko艂a Podstawowa nr 4 im. Francesco Nullo w Olkuszu"</a>. <i>ilkus.pl</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ilkus.pl&rft.atitle=Szko%E8%89%82a+Podstawowa+nr+4+im.+Francesco+Nullo+w+Olkuszu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sp4.ilkus.pl%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrancesco+Nullo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Olkusz-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Olkusz_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Olkusz_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Olkusz_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Olkusz_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Olkusz_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://powstanie1863.zsi.kielce.pl/index.php?id=n15">Olkusz 1. TABLICE PAMIĘCI NARODOWEJ 2. Pomnik Francesco Nullo na starym cmentarzu w Olkuszu</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Polish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spkrzykawa.szkolnastrona.pl/index.php?p=m&idg=zt,40,53">Polana Nullo</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Koreś D., <i>50 Pułk Piechoty Strzelców Kresowych im. Francesco Nullo</i>, AJAKS, 2007, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-83-88773-79-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-83-88773-79-2">978-83-88773-79-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Polish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spkrzykawa.szkolnastrona.pl/index.php?p=m&idg=zt,40,52">Pułkownik Nullo w pieśni i w poezji</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Polish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.srodmiescie.warszawa.pl/cms/prt/view/ulice-wyszukiwarka/str/225.html">Ulica gen. Francesco Nullo</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927165722/http://www.srodmiescie.warszawa.pl/cms/prt/view/ulice-wyszukiwarka/str/225.html">Archived</a> 2011-09-27 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.filatelistyka.org/catalog/03300.jsp">"Filatelistyka, filatelista, znaczki pocztowe, katalog znaczkw pocztowych, encyklopedia filatelistyki"</a>. <i>filatelistyka.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=filatelistyka.org&rft.atitle=Filatelistyka%2C+filatelista%2C+znaczki+pocztowe%2C+katalog+znaczkw+pocztowych%2C+encyklopedia+filatelistyki&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.filatelistyka.org%2Fcatalog%2F03300.jsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrancesco+Nullo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francesco_Nullo&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Italian</dt></dl> <ul><li>Studi del Museo Storico di Bergamo.</li> <li>Atti, <i>Storia del Risorgimento nazionale</i>, documenti ed oggetti presentati dalla commissione nominata dal municipio di Bergamo, Bolis, <a href="/wiki/Bergamo" title="Bergamo">Bergamo</a> 1884, SBN IEI0228043;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giuliana_Donati_Pett%C3%A9ni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giuliana Donati Petténi (page does not exist)">Giuliana Donati Petténi</a>, <i>La biografia di Francesco Nullo</i>, <a href="/wiki/Bergamo" title="Bergamo">Bergamo</a> 1960;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giuliana_Donati_Pett%C3%A9ni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giuliana Donati Petténi (page does not exist)">Giuliana Donati Petténi</a>, <i>La spedizione di Francesco Nullo in Polonia</i>, in AA.VV., <i>Storia del volontarismo bergamasco</i>, a cura di Alberto Agazzi, Istituto Civitas Garibaldina, Società Editrice S. Alessandro, <a href="/wiki/Bergamo" title="Bergamo">Bergamo</a> 1960;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giuliana_Donati_Pett%C3%A9ni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giuliana Donati Petténi (page does not exist)">Giuliana Donati Petténi</a>, <i>Francesco Nullo, cavaliere della libertà</i>, Bolis, <a href="/wiki/Bergamo" title="Bergamo">Bergamo</a> 1963;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vittorio_Polli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vittorio Polli (page does not exist)">Vittorio Polli</a>, <i>Francesco Nullo</i>, Istituto Civitas Garibaldina, Stamperia Conti, <a href="/wiki/Bergamo" title="Bergamo">Bergamo</a> 1964;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bortolo_Belotti" title="Bortolo Belotti">Bortolo Belotti</a>, <i>Storia di Bergamo e dei bergamaschi</i>, Bolis, <a href="/wiki/Bergamo" title="Bergamo">Bergamo</a> 1989;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alberto_Castoldi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alberto Castoldi (page does not exist)">Alberto Castoldi</a>, <i>Bergamo e il suo territorio, dizionario enciclopedico: i personaggi, i comuni, la storia, l'ambiente</i>, Bolis, <a href="/wiki/Bergamo" title="Bergamo">Bergamo</a> 2004, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/88-7827-126-8" title="Special:BookSources/88-7827-126-8">88-7827-126-8</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renato_Ravanelli" title="Renato Ravanelli">Renato Ravanelli</a>, <i>La storia di Bergamo</i>, Grafica & Arte, <a href="/wiki/Bergamo" title="Bergamo">Bergamo</a> 1996, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/88-7201-133-7" title="Special:BookSources/88-7201-133-7">88-7201-133-7</a>.</li></ul> <dl><dt>Polish</dt></dl> <ul><li>Adam Ostrowski, <i>Francesco Nullo, bohater Polski i Włoch</i>, Nasza Księgarnia, 1970</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francesco_Nullo&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Francesco_Nullo" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Francesco Nullo">Francesco Nullo</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> Polish <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/pl:Ku_czci_Franciszka_Nullo" class="extiw" title="s:pl:Ku czci Franciszka Nullo">"Ku czci Franciszka Nullo", 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/305407355">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1915881/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJmxXfFGvtxY4DCyPcrH4q">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/104369076X">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2014008515">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Nullo, Francesco"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/SBLV319084">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810701347205606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/166817">Vatican</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="NULLO, Francesco"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/francesco-nullo_(Dizionario-Biografico)">Italian People</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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