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Werner</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Benedikt Werner"> <meta name="keywords" content="Benedikt Werner"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Benedikt Werner"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 26</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Benedikt Werner</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Mental Health of the Elderly: Evaluating a Newly Developed Structured Life-Review Manual Using a Within-Subjects Pre-Post Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wladislaw%20Mill">Wladislaw Mill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hariet%20Kirschner"> Hariet Kirschner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Zimmermann"> Anna Zimmermann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sashi%20Singh"> Sashi Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simon%20Forstmeier"> Simon Forstmeier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uwe%20Berger"> Uwe Berger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bernhard%20Strauss"> Bernhard Strauss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benedikt%20Werner"> Benedikt Werner</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: A promising method to improve mental health of elderly people are structured life-reviews. We report the evaluation of our newly developed manual for structured life-reviews. The manual was created with the emphasis on straightforward application so that it can be used by professionals and lay people alike. Method: A within-subjects pre-post design is used to evaluate the manual using a geriatric depression scale and a self-integrity measure. Participants are elderly people living by themselves and in nursing homes. Findings: It is shown that elderly people perceive the structured life-review as a very positive experience. More importantly, it is shown that a negative trend of self-integrity and geriatric depression is signiﬁcantly reduced by the intervention. Conclusion: The data suggest that the manual contributes positively to self- perception and mental health. We conclude that this newly developed device is very valuable to augment elderly care. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structured%20life-review" title="structured life-review">structured life-review</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-integrity" title=" self-integrity"> self-integrity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geriatric%20depression" title=" geriatric depression"> geriatric depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preventation%20research" title=" preventation research"> preventation research</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92058/mental-health-of-the-elderly-evaluating-a-newly-developed-structured-life-review-manual-using-a-within-subjects-pre-post-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92058.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">261</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Dental Management Particularities of Werner Syndrome: A Report of Two Cases</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emna%20Abid">Emna Abid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linda%20Chebbi"> Linda Chebbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yosra%20Mabrouk"> Yosra Mabrouk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amel%20Labidi"> Amel Labidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lamia%20Mansour"> Lamia Mansour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Werner syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic disorder inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern characterized by accelerated aging. While extensive research has been conducted on its systemic manifestations, the specific dental implications of WS remain poorly understood. The medical history and the oral health status of two patients diagnosed with WS were detailed. Our findings revealed a high prevalence of dental problems in both patients, including periodontitis, xerostomia, and temporomandibular joint disorders. This article aims to investigate the dental challenges faced by individuals with WS as well as the prosthetic options envisaged through two clinical cases contributing to a deeper understanding of the dental implications of WS and to choose the appropriate prosthetic solution in this population. Future research should focus on larger scale studies and clinical trials to validate these proposed strategies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adult%20progeria" title="adult progeria">adult progeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinical%20symptoms" title=" clinical symptoms"> clinical symptoms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20manifestations" title=" oral manifestations"> oral manifestations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dental%20care" title=" dental care"> dental care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prosthetic%20management" title=" prosthetic management"> prosthetic management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186691/dental-management-particularities-of-werner-syndrome-a-report-of-two-cases" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186691.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">51</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Clostridium Glycolicum Abdominal Infection in a Patient with Small Bowel Obstruction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benedikt%20Munzar">Benedikt Munzar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jagraj%20Singh"> Jagraj Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alice%20Mei"> Alice Mei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Musheyev"> David Musheyev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandeep%20Gandhi"> Sandeep Gandhi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Clostridium is a gram-positive, anaerobic, spore-forming rod that is not commonly identified as a primary human pathogen. Here is presented a case of a 60-year-old patient with a history of opioid use disorder who underwent a number of abdominal surgeries for small bowel obstruction. His hospital course was complicated by Clostridium glycolicum infection, resulting in an acute abdomen. The patient clinically improved with antibiotic therapy. A thorough review of the National Institute of Health database revealed that only a small number of cases have been reported since 2007, with the last postsurgical cases documented in 2009 and the last clinical case documented in 2012. Clostridium glycolicum infections have been noted in patients with immunosuppressive conditions or those undergoing medical treatments that compromise immune function. This case was unusual due to the patient being immunocompetent. We suggest that a case of an acute abdomen should consider this organism as an etiological agent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20abdomen" title="acute abdomen">acute abdomen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacterial%20infection" title=" bacterial infection"> bacterial infection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clostridium%20glycolicum" title=" clostridium glycolicum"> clostridium glycolicum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meckel%E2%80%99s%20diverticulum" title=" Meckel’s diverticulum"> Meckel’s diverticulum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pneumoperitoneum" title=" pneumoperitoneum"> pneumoperitoneum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20bowel%20obstruction" title=" small bowel obstruction"> small bowel obstruction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189319/clostridium-glycolicum-abdominal-infection-in-a-patient-with-small-bowel-obstruction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189319.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">29</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Multimetallic and Multiferocenyl Assemblies of Ferocenyl-Based Dithiophospohonate and Their Electrochemical Properties </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Tomilla%20Ajayi">J. Tomilla Ajayi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Werner%20E.%20Van%20Zyl"> Werner E. Van Zyl</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work presents an overview of the reaction of 2, 4-diferrocenyl-1, 3-dithiadiphosphetane-2, 4-disulfide (Ferrocenyl Lawesson’s reagent) with water to produce the non-symmetric, ferocenyl dithiophosphonic acid respectively in high yields. These acids were readily deprotonated by anhydrous Ammonia to yield the corresponding ammonium salt NH4S2PFcOH. These were complex to Ni (II) in molar ratio 1:1 and 1:2. The resulting complex from the reaction formed same compound with different isomers (Cis and Trans) and also compound with multimetallic coordination. Quality X-ray crystals were formed from THF/Ether. The compounds were characterized by 1H, 31P NMR, and FTIR. Bulk purity were confirmed by either ESI-MS or elemental analysis and The XRD images were obtained using single crystal X-ray crystallographic studies. The electrochemical investigation of the Compounds were carried out using cyclic voltammetry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferrocenyl" title="ferrocenyl">ferrocenyl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dithiophosphonate" title=" dithiophosphonate"> dithiophosphonate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isomer" title=" isomer"> isomer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coordination" title=" coordination "> coordination </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43568/multimetallic-and-multiferocenyl-assemblies-of-ferocenyl-based-dithiophospohonate-and-their-electrochemical-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43568.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">248</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> The Role of Societas Europaea in Business Environment of Czech Republic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Werner%20Bernatik">Werner Bernatik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pavel%20Adamek"> Pavel Adamek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Societas Europaea is the legal form of company which plays its role within European Union since 2004. Since that it has settled in particular EU's member according to conditions. There is several hundreds of Societas Europaea found in EU and the article pays attention to historical background of conditions which formed the European Entrepreneurial Environment. Also, the differences of particular details of Societas Europaea are mentioned. Furthermore, the case of Czech Republic Business Environment is subject of interest where, surprisingly, the total amount of registered Societas Europaea was identified as the highest. The possible reasons of such situation are subject of research and results are to be presented in the article. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Societas%20Europaea" title="Societas Europaea">Societas Europaea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20environment" title=" business environment"> business environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legal%20form%20of%20company" title=" legal form of company"> legal form of company</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurial%20environment" title=" entrepreneurial environment"> entrepreneurial environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=European%20Union" title=" European Union"> European Union</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competitivness" title=" competitivness"> competitivness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9614/the-role-of-societas-europaea-in-business-environment-of-czech-republic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9614.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">423</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> The Univalence Principle: Equivalent Mathematical Structures Are Indistinguishable</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Shulman">Michael Shulman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paige%20North"> Paige North</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benedikt%20Ahrens"> Benedikt Ahrens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dmitris%20Tsementzis"> Dmitris Tsementzis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Univalence Principle is the statement that equivalent mathematical structures are indistinguishable. We prove a general version of this principle that applies to all set-based, categorical, and higher-categorical structures defined in a non-algebraic and space-based style, as well as models of higher-order theories such as topological spaces. In particular, we formulate a general definition of indiscernibility for objects of any such structure, and a corresponding univalence condition that generalizes Rezk’s completeness condition for Segal spaces and ensures that all equivalences of structures are levelwise equivalences. Our work builds on Makkai’s First-Order Logic with Dependent Sorts, but is expressed in Voevodsky’s Univalent Foundations (UF), extending previous work on the Structure Identity Principle and univalent categories in UF. This enables indistinguishability to be expressed simply as identification, and yields a formal theory that is interpretable in classical homotopy theory, but also in other higher topos models. It follows that Univalent Foundations is a fully equivalence-invariant foundation for higher-categorical mathematics, as intended by Voevodsky. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=category%20theory" title="category theory">category theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20structures" title=" higher structures"> higher structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inverse%20category" title=" inverse category"> inverse category</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=univalence" title=" univalence"> univalence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136379/the-univalence-principle-equivalent-mathematical-structures-are-indistinguishable" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136379.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Lung Parasites in Stone Martens (Martes foina L.) from Bulgaria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vassilena%20Dakova">Vassilena Dakova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariana%20Panayotova-Pencheva"> Mariana Panayotova-Pencheva </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present work focused on the study of pulmonary helminth-fauna of the stone marten in Bulgaria in terms of which the data are little. For the purpose, four stone martens were helminthologically necropsied according to the common technique. In addition, some of the injured lung parts were investigated after their boiling in lactic acid and subsequent compression. Four nematode species from different families of order Strongylida and Trichocephalida were found in the lungs. These were <em>Crenosoma petrowi </em>Morosov, 1939; <em>Eucoleus aerophilus </em>Creplin, 1839; <em>Filaroides martis </em>Werner, 1782 and <em>Sobolevingylus petrowi </em>Romanov, 1952. Some of the parasite structures with taxonomic importance were measured and described. According to our best knowledge, the species <em>F. martis </em>and <em>S. petrowi </em>are recorded for the first time as a part of the helminth-fauna of Southeast Europe and Bulgaria in particular. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Crenosoma%20petrowi" title=" Crenosoma petrowi"> Crenosoma petrowi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eucoleus%20aerophilus" title=" Eucoleus aerophilus"> Eucoleus aerophilus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Filaroides%20martis" title=" Filaroides martis"> Filaroides martis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lung%20parasites" title=" lung parasites"> lung parasites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sobolevingylus%20petrowi" title=" Sobolevingylus petrowi"> Sobolevingylus petrowi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stone%20martens" title=" stone martens"> stone martens</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83719/lung-parasites-in-stone-martens-martes-foina-l-from-bulgaria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83719.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Examination of the Self-Expression Model with Reference to Luxury Watches with Particular Regard of the Buying-Reasons</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20Benedikt%20Jakob">Christopher Benedikt Jakob</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Human beings are intrigued by luxury watches for decades. It is fascinating that customers pay an enormous amount of money for specific wristwatch models. It is fascinating that customers of the luxury watch industry accept a yearly price increase. This behavior increases their desirability even more. Luxury watches are perceived as status symbols, but they are additionally accepted as a currency without the disadvantage of currency fluctuations. It is obvious that the symbolic value is more important as the functional value with reference to the buying-reasons as regards luxury watches. Nowadays human beings do not need a wristwatch to read the time. Tablets, notebooks, smartphones, the watch in the car and watches on public places are used to inform people about the current time. This is one of the reasons why there is a trend that people do not wear wristwatches anymore. Due to these facts, this study has the intention to give answers to the question why people invest an enormous amount of money on the consumption of luxury watches and why those watches are seen as a status symbol. The study examines why the luxury watch industry records significant growth rates. The self-expression model is used as an appropriate methodology to find reasons why human beings purchase specific luxury watches. This evaluative approach further discusses if human beings are aware of their current self and their ideal self and how they express them. Furthermore, the research critically evaluates the people’s social self and their ideal social self. One of the goals is to identify if customers know why they like specific luxury watches and dislike others although they have the same quality and cost comparable prices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=luxury%20watch" title="luxury watch">luxury watch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brand%20awareness" title=" brand awareness"> brand awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buying-behaviour" title=" buying-behaviour"> buying-behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer" title=" consumer"> consumer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-expression" title=" self-expression"> self-expression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90450/examination-of-the-self-expression-model-with-reference-to-luxury-watches-with-particular-regard-of-the-buying-reasons" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90450.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Heterodimetallic Ferrocenyl Dithiophosphonate Complexes of Nickel(II), Zinc(II) and Cadmium(II) as High Efficiency Co-Sensitizers in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomilola%20J.%20Ajayi">Tomilola J. Ajayi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moses%20Ollengo"> Moses Ollengo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lukas%20le%20Roux"> Lukas le Roux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20N.%20Pillay"> Michael N. Pillay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20J.%20Staples"> Richard J. Staples</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shannon%20M.%20Biros%20Werner%20E.%20van%20Zyl"> Shannon M. Biros Werner E. van Zyl</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The formation, characterization, and dye-sensitized solar cell application of nickel(II), zinc(II) and cadmium(II) ferrocenyl dithiophosphonate complexes were investigated. The multidentate monoanionic ligand [S₂PFc(OH)]¯ (L1) was synthesized from the reaction between ferrocenyl Lawesson’s reagent, [FcP(=S)μ-S]₂ (FcLR), (Fc = ferrocenyl) and water. Ligand L1 could potentially coordinate to metal centers through the S, S’ and O donor atoms. The reaction between metal salt precursors and L1 produced a Ni(II) complex of the type [Ni{S₂P(Fc)(OH)}₂] (1) (molar ratio 1:2), a tetranickel (II) complex of the type [Ni₂{S₂OP(Fc)}₂]₂ (2) (molar ratio (1:1), as well as a Zn(II) complex [Zn{S₂P(Fc)(OH)}₂]₂ (3), and a Cd(II) complex [Cd{S₂P(Fc)(OH)}₂]₂ (4). Complexes 1-4 were characterized by 1H and 31P NMR and FT-IR, and complexes 1 and 2 were additionally analysed by X-Ray crystallography. After co-sensitization, the DSSCs were characterized using UV-Vis, cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and photovoltaic measurements (I-V curves). Overall finding shows that co-sensitization of our compounds with ruthenium dye N719 resulted in a better overall solar conversion efficiency than only pure N719 dye under the same experimental conditions. In conclusion, we report the first examples of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) co-sensitized with ferrocenyl dithiophosphonate complexes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dithiophosphonate" title="dithiophosphonate">dithiophosphonate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dye%20sensitized%20solar%20cell" title=" dye sensitized solar cell"> dye sensitized solar cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-sensitization" title=" co-sensitization"> co-sensitization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20efficiency" title=" solar efficiency"> solar efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99644/heterodimetallic-ferrocenyl-dithiophosphonate-complexes-of-nickelii-zincii-and-cadmiumii-as-high-efficiency-co-sensitizers-in-dye-sensitized-solar-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99644.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Aviation versus Aerospace: A Differential Analysis of Workforce Jobs via Text Mining</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20Werner">Sarah Werner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20J.%20Pritchard"> Michael J. Pritchard</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> From pilots to engineers, the skills development within the aerospace industry is exceptionally broad. Employers often struggle with finding the right mixture of qualified skills to fill their organizational demands. This effort to find qualified talent is further complicated by the industrial delineation between two key areas: aviation and aerospace. In a broad sense, the aerospace industry overlaps with the aviation industry. In turn, the aviation industry is a smaller sector segment within the context of the broader definition of the aerospace industry. Furthermore, it could be conceptually argued that -in practice- there is little distinction between these two sectors (i.e., aviation and aerospace). However, through our unstructured text analysis of over 6,000 job listings captured, our team found a clear delineation between aviation-related jobs and aerospace-related jobs. Using techniques in natural language processing, our research identifies an integrated workforce skill pattern that clearly breaks between these two sectors. While the aviation sector has largely maintained its need for pilots, mechanics, and associated support personnel, the staffing needs of the aerospace industry are being progressively driven by integrative engineering needs. Increasingly, this is leading many aerospace-based organizations towards the acquisition of 'system level' staffing requirements. This research helps to better align higher educational institutions with the current industrial staffing complexities within the broader aerospace sector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerospace%20industry" title="aerospace industry">aerospace industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20demand" title=" job demand"> job demand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=text%20mining" title=" text mining"> text mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workforce%20development" title=" workforce development"> workforce development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136196/aviation-versus-aerospace-a-differential-analysis-of-workforce-jobs-via-text-mining" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136196.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">272</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> MicroRNA in Bovine Corpus Luteum during Early Pregnancy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rreze%20Gecaj">Rreze Gecaj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Corina%20Schanzenbach"> Corina Schanzenbach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benedikt%20Kirchner"> Benedikt Kirchner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Pfaffl"> Michael Pfaffl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bajram%20Berisha"> Bajram Berisha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The maintenance of corpus lutem (CL) during early pregnancy in cattle is a critical and multifarious process. A luteotrophic mechanism originating from the embryo is widely accepted as the triggering signal for the CL maintenance. In the cattle, it is the interferon-tau (IFNT) secretion form conceptus that prevents CL regression and ensures progesterone production for the establishment of pregnancy. In addition to endocrine and paracrine signals, microRNA (miRNA) can also support CL sustainability during early pregnancy. MiRNA are small non-coding nucleic acids that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally and are shown to be involved in the modulation of CL function. However, the examination of miRNAs in corpus luteum function at the early pregnancy still remains largely uncovered. This study aims at profiling the expression of miRNA in CL during the early pregnancy in cattle by comparing it with the CL form late cycle and with the regressed CL. Corpora lutea were assigned in two different groups during the cycle (C13 group, late CL: days 13-18 and C18, regressed CL group: day >18) and during the early pregnancy (group P: 1-2 month). The estrous cycle was determined by macroscopic examination and to age the fetus crown-rump length measurement was applied. A total of 9 corpora lutea from individual animals were included in the study, three corpora lutea for each group. MiRNAs population was profiled using small RNA next-generation sequencing and biologically significant miRNAs were evaluated for their differential expression using the DESeq2-methodology. We show that 6 differentially expressed miRNAs (bta-mir-2890, -2332, -2441-3p, -148b, -1248 and -29c) are common to both comparisons, P vs C13 and P vs C18. While for each stage individually we have identified unique miRNAs differentially expressed only for the given comparison. bta-miR-23a and -769 were unique miRNAs differentially expressed in P vs C13, whereas forty-four unique miRNAs were identified as differentially expressed in P vs C18. These data confirm that miRNAs are highly abundant in luteal tissue during early pregnancy and potentially regulate the CL maintenance at this stage of fetus development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bovine" title="bovine">bovine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corpus%20luteum" title=" corpus luteum"> corpus luteum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microRNA" title=" microRNA"> microRNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pregnancy" title=" pregnancy"> pregnancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RNA-Seq" title=" RNA-Seq"> RNA-Seq</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61115/microrna-in-bovine-corpus-luteum-during-early-pregnancy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61115.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">259</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Advances in Health Risk Assessment of Mycotoxins in Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wilfred%20A.%20Abiaa">Wilfred A. Abiaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chibundu%20N.%20Ezekiel"> Chibundu N. Ezekiel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benedikt%20Warth"> Benedikt Warth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Sulyok"> Michael Sulyok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20C.%20Turner"> Paul C. Turner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rudolf%20Krska"> Rudolf Krska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20F.%20Moundipa"> Paul F. Moundipa </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mycotoxins are a wide range of toxic secondary metabolites of fungi that contaminate various food commodities worldwide especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Such contamination seriously compromises food safety and quality posing a serious problem for human health as well as to trade and the economy. Their concentrations depend on various factors, such as the commodity itself, climatic conditions, storage conditions, seasonal variances, and processing methods. When humans consume foods contaminated by mycotoxins, they exert toxic effects to their health through various modes of actions. Rural populations in sub-Saharan Africa, are exposed to dietary mycotoxins, but it is supposed that exposure levels and health risks associated with mycotoxins between SSA countries may vary. Dietary exposures and health risk assessment studies have been limited by lack of equipment for the proper assessment of the associated health implications on consumer populations when they eat contaminated agricultural products. As such, mycotoxin research is premature in several SSA nations with product evaluation for mycotoxin loads below/above legislative limits being inadequate. Few nations have health risk assessment reports mainly based on direct quantification of the toxins in foods ('external exposure') and linking food levels with data from food frequency questionnaires. Nonetheless, the assessment of the exposure and health risk to mycotoxins requires more than the traditional approaches. Only a fraction of the mycotoxins in contaminated foods reaches the blood stream and exert toxicity ('internal exposure'). Also, internal exposure is usually smaller than external exposure thus dependence on external exposure alone may induce confounders in risk assessment. Some studies from SSA earlier focused on biomarker analysis mainly on aflatoxins while a few recent studies have concentrated on the multi-biomarker analysis of exposures in urine providing probable associations between observed disease occurrences and dietary mycotoxins levels. As a result, new techniques that could assess the levels of exposures directly in body tissue or fluid, and possibly link them to the disease state of individuals became urgent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mycotoxins" title="mycotoxins">mycotoxins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomarkers" title=" biomarkers"> biomarkers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exposure%20assessment" title=" exposure assessment"> exposure assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20risk%20assessment" title=" health risk assessment"> health risk assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sub-Saharan%20Africa" title=" sub-Saharan Africa "> sub-Saharan Africa </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16830/advances-in-health-risk-assessment-of-mycotoxins-in-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16830.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">574</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Examination of How Do Smart Watches Influence the Market of Luxury Watches with Particular Regard of the Buying-Reasons</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20Benedikt%20Jakob">Christopher Benedikt Jakob</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In our current society, there is no need to take a look at the wristwatch to know the exact time. Smartphones, the watch in the car or the computer watch, inform us about the time too. Over hundreds of years, luxury watches have held a fascination for human beings. Consumers buy watches that cost thousands of euros, although they could buy much cheaper watches which also fulfill the function to indicate the correct time. This shows that the functional value has got a minor meaning with reference to the buying-reasons as regards luxury watches. For a few years, people have an increased demand to track data like their walking distance per day or to track their sleep for example. Smart watches enable consumers to get information about these data. There exists a trend that people intend to optimise parts of their social life, and thus they get the impression that they are able to optimise themselves as human beings. With the help of smart watches, they are able to optimise parts of their productivity and to realise their targets at the same time. These smart watches are also offered as luxury models, and the question is: how will customers of traditional luxury watches react? Therefore this study has the intention to give answers to the question why people are willing to spend an enormous amount of money on the consumption of luxury watches. The self-expression model, the relationship basis model, the functional benefit representation model and the means-end-theory are chosen as an appropriate methodology to find reasons why human beings purchase specific luxury watches and luxury smart watches. This evaluative approach further discusses these strategies concerning for example if consumers buy luxury watches/smart watches to express the current self or the ideal self and if human beings make decisions on expected results. The research critically evaluates that relationships are compared on the basis of their advantages. Luxury brands offer socio-emotional advantages like social functions of identification and that the strong brand personality of luxury watches and luxury smart watches helps customers to structure and retrieve brand awareness which simplifies the process of decision-making. One of the goals is to identify if customers know why they like specific luxury watches and dislike others although they are produced in the same country and cost comparable prices. It is very obvious that the market for luxury watches especially for luxury smart watches is changing way faster than it has been in the past. Therefore the research examines the market changing parameters in detail. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buying-behaviour" title="buying-behaviour">buying-behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brand%20management" title=" brand management"> brand management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer" title=" consumer"> consumer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=luxury%20watch" title=" luxury watch"> luxury watch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20watch" title=" smart watch"> smart watch</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84590/examination-of-how-do-smart-watches-influence-the-market-of-luxury-watches-with-particular-regard-of-the-buying-reasons" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84590.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">210</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Shaking the Iceberg: Metaphoric Shifting and Loss in the German Translations of 'The Sun Also Rises' </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20Dick">Christopher Dick</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> While the translation of 'literal language' poses numerous challenges for the translator, the translation of 'figurative language' creates even more complicated issues. It has been only in the last several decades that scholars have attempted to propose theories of figurative language translation, including metaphor translation. Even less work has applied these theories to metaphoric translation in literary texts. And almost no work has linked an analysis of metaphors in translation with the recent scholarship on conceptual metaphors. A study of literature in translation must not only examine the inevitable shifts that occur as specific metaphors move from source language to target language but also analyze the ways in which these shifts impact conceptual metaphors and, ultimately, the text as a whole. Doing so contributes to on-going efforts to bridge the sometimes wide gulf between considerations of content and form in literary studies. This paper attempts to add to the body of scholarly literature on metaphor translation and the function of metaphor in a literary text. Specifically, the study examines the metaphoric expressions in Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises. First, the issue of Hemingway and metaphor is addressed. Next, the study examines the specific metaphors in the original novel in English and the German translations, first in Annemarie Horschitz’s 1928 German version and then in the recent Werner Schmitz 2013 translation. Hemingway’s metaphors, far from being random occurrences of figurative language, are linguistic manifestations of deeper conceptual metaphors that are central to an interpretation of the text. By examining the modifications that are made to these original metaphoric expressions as they are translated into German, one can begin to appreciate the shifts involved with metaphor translation. The translation of Hemingway’s metaphors into German represents significant metaphoric loss and shifting that subsequently shakes the important conceptual metaphors in the novel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hemingway" title="Hemingway">Hemingway</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Conceptual%20Metaphor" title=" Conceptual Metaphor"> Conceptual Metaphor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Translation" title=" Translation"> Translation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stylistics" title=" Stylistics"> Stylistics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60050/shaking-the-iceberg-metaphoric-shifting-and-loss-in-the-german-translations-of-the-sun-also-rises" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60050.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">356</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Monitoring of Endocrine Disruptors in Surface Waters and Sediment from the River Nile (Egypt) by Yeast Assays</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alaa%20G.%20M.%20Osman">Alaa G. M. Osman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Y.%20AbouelFadl"> Khaled Y. AbouelFadl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angela%20Kr%C3%BCger"> Angela Krüger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Werner%20Kloas"> Werner Kloas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Egypt, no previous records are available regarding possible multiple hormonal activities in the aquatic systems and especially the river Nile. In this paper, the in vitro yeast estrogen screen (YES) and yeast androgen screen (YAS) were used to assess the multiple hormonal activities in surface waters and sediment from the Egyptian river Nile for the first time. This study sought to determine if river Nile water caused changes in gonadal histology of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus niloticus). All water samples exhibited extremely low levels of estrogenicity. Estrogenicity was not detected nearly in any of the sediment samples. Unlike the estrogenicity, significant androgenic activities were recorded in the water and sediment samples along the Nile course. The present study reports for the first time quantified anti-estrogenic and anti-androgenic activities with high levels in both water and sediment of the river Nile. The greatest anti-estrogenic and anti-androgenic activities were observed in sample from downstream river Nile. These results indicated that the anti-estrogenic and anti-androgenic activities along the Nile course were great and the pollution of the sites at the downstream was more serious than the upstream sites due to industrial activities at theses sites. Good correlations were observed among some hormonal activities, suggesting coexistence of these contaminants in the environmental matrices. There were no signs of sexual disruption in any of the gonads analysed from either male or female Nile tilapia, demonstrating that any hormonal activity present along the Nile course was not sufficient to induce adverse effects on reproductive development. Further investiga¬tion is necessary to identify the chemicals responsible for the hormonal activities in the river Nile and to examine the effect of very low levels of hormonally active chemicals on gonadal histology, as well as in the development of more sensitive biomarkers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20hormonal%20activities" title="multiple hormonal activities">multiple hormonal activities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=YES" title=" YES"> YES</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=YAS" title=" YAS"> YAS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=river%20Nile" title=" river Nile"> river Nile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nile%20tilapia" title=" Nile tilapia"> Nile tilapia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gonadal%20histology" title=" gonadal histology"> gonadal histology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16871/monitoring-of-endocrine-disruptors-in-surface-waters-and-sediment-from-the-river-nile-egypt-by-yeast-assays" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16871.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">483</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Structural Vulnerability of Banking Network – Systemic Risk Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhad%20Reyazat">Farhad Reyazat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20Werner"> Richard Werner</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper contributes to the existent literature by developing a framework that explains how to monitor potential threats to banking sector stability. The study explores structural vulnerabilities at the country level, but also look at bilateral exposures within a network context. The study contributes in analysing of the European banking systemic risk at aggregated level, which integrates the characteristics of bank size, and interconnectedness relative to the size of the economy which ultimate risk belong to, taking to account the concentration ratio of the banking industry within the whole economy. The nature of the systemic risk depends on the interplay of the network topology with the nature of financial transactions over the network, assets and buffer stemming from bank size, correlations, and the nature of the shocks to the financial system. The study’s results illustrate the contribution of banks’ size, size of economy and concentration of counterparty exposures to a given country’s banks in explaining its systemic importance, how much the banking network depends on a few traditional hubs activities and the changes of this dependencies over the last 9 years. The role of few of traditional hubs such as Swiss banks and British Banks and also Irish banks- where the financial sector is fairly new and grew strongly between 1990s till 2008- take the fourth position on 2014 reducing the relative size since 2006 where they had the first position. In-degree concentration index analysis in the study shows concentration index of banking network was not changed since financial crisis 2007-8. In-degree concentration index on first quarter of 2014 indicates that US, UK and Germany together, getting over 70% of the network exposures. The result of comparing the in-degree concentration index with 2007-4Q, shows the same group having over 70% of the network exposure, however the UK getting more important role in the hub and the market share of US and Germany are slightly diminished. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systemic%20risk" title="systemic risk">systemic risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=counterparty%20risk" title=" counterparty risk"> counterparty risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20stability" title=" financial stability"> financial stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interconnectedness" title=" interconnectedness"> interconnectedness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=banking%20concentration" title=" banking concentration"> banking concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=european%20banks%20risk" title=" european banks risk"> european banks risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20effect%20on%20systemic%20risk" title=" network effect on systemic risk"> network effect on systemic risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concentration%20risk" title=" concentration risk "> concentration risk </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20649/structural-vulnerability-of-banking-network-systemic-risk-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20649.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">490</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> A LED Warning Vest as Safety Smart Textile and Active Cooperation in a Working Group for Building a Normative Standard</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Werner%20Grommes">Werner Grommes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The institute of occupational safety and health works in a working group for building a normative standard for illuminated warning vests and did a lot of experiments and measurements as basic work (cooperation). Intelligent car headlamps are able to suppress conventional warning vests with retro-reflective stripes as a disturbing light. Illuminated warning vests are therefore required for occupational safety. However, they must not pose any danger to the wearer or other persons. Here, the risks of the batteries (lithium types), the maximum brightness (glare) and possible interference radiation from the electronics on the implant carrier must be taken into account. The all-around visibility, as well as the required range, play an important role here. For the study, many luminance measurements of already commercially available LEDs and electroluminescent warning vests, as well as their electromagnetic interference fields and aspects of electrical safety, were measured. The results of this study showed that LED lighting is all far too bright and causes strong glare. The integrated controls with pulse modulation and switching regulators cause electromagnetic interference fields. Rechargeable lithium batteries can explode depending on the temperature range. Electroluminescence brings even more hazards. A test method was developed for the evaluation of visibility at distances of 50, 100, and 150 m, including the interview of test persons. A measuring method was developed for the detection of glare effects at close range with the assignment of the maximum permissible luminance. The electromagnetic interference fields were tested in the time and frequency ranges. A risk and hazard analysis were prepared for the use of lithium batteries. The range of values for luminance and risk analysis for lithium batteries were discussed in the standards working group. These will be integrated into the standard. This paper gives a brief overview of the topics of illuminated warning vests, which takes into account the risks and hazards for the vest wearer or others <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=illuminated%20warning%20vest" title="illuminated warning vest">illuminated warning vest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20tests%20and%20measurements" title=" optical tests and measurements"> optical tests and measurements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risks" title=" risks"> risks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hazards" title=" hazards"> hazards</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20glare%20effects" title=" optical glare effects"> optical glare effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LED" title=" LED"> LED</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E-light" title=" E-light"> E-light</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20luminescent" title=" electric luminescent"> electric luminescent</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109108/a-led-warning-vest-as-safety-smart-textile-and-active-cooperation-in-a-working-group-for-building-a-normative-standard" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109108.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Exploratory Case Study: Judicial Discretion and Political Statements Transforming the Actions of the Commissioner for the South African Revenue Service</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Werner%20Roux%20Uys">Werner Roux Uys</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Commissioner for the South African Revenue Service (SARS) holds a high position of trust in South African society and a lack of trust by taxpayers in the Commissioner’s actions or conduct could compromise SARS’ management of public finances. Tax morality – which is implicit in the social contract between taxpayers and the state – includes distinct phenomena that can cause a breakdown if there is a perceived lack of action on the part of the Commissioner to ensure public finances are kept safe. To promote tax morality, the Commissioner must support the judiciary in the exercise of its discretion to punish fraudulent tax activities and corrupt tax practices. For several years the political meddling in the Commissioner’s actions and conduct have caused perceived abuse of power at SARS, and taxpayers believed their hard-earned income paid over to SARS would be fruitless and wasteful expenditure. The purpose of this article is to identify and analyse previous decisions held by the South African judiciary regarding the Commissioner’s actions and conduct in tax matters, as well as consider important political statements and newspaper bulletins for the purpose of this research. The study applies a qualitative research approach and exploratory case study technique. Keywords were selected and inserted in the LexisNexis electronic database to systematically identify applicable case law where the ratio decidendi of the court referred to the actions and/or conduct of the Commissioner. Specific real-life statements, including political statements and newspaper bulletins, were selected to support the topic at hand. The purpose of the study is to educate the public about the perceptions that have transformed taxpayers’ behaviour towards the Commissioner for SARS since South Africa’s fledgling constitutional democracy was inaugurated in 1994. The study adds to the literature by identifying key characteristics or distinct phenomena regarding the actions and conduct of the Commissioner affecting taxpayers’ behaviour, including discretionary decision-making. From the findings, it emerged that SARS must abide by its (own) laws and that there is a need to educate not only South African taxpayers about tax morality, but also the public in general. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=commissioner" title="commissioner">commissioner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SARS" title=" SARS"> SARS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=action%20and%20conduct" title=" action and conduct"> action and conduct</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=judiciary" title=" judiciary"> judiciary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discretionry" title=" discretionry"> discretionry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decsion-making" title=" decsion-making"> decsion-making</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158284/exploratory-case-study-judicial-discretion-and-political-statements-transforming-the-actions-of-the-commissioner-for-the-south-african-revenue-service" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158284.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Measurements for Risk Analysis and Detecting Hazards by Active Wearables </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Werner%20Grommes">Werner Grommes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Intelligent wearables (illuminated vests or hand and foot-bands, smart watches with a laser diode, Bluetooth smart glasses) overflow the market today. They are integrated with complex electronics and are worn very close to the body. Optical measurements and limitation of the maximum light density are needed. Smart watches are equipped with a laser diode or control different body currents. Special glasses generate readable text information that is received via radio transmission. Small high-performance batteries (lithium-ion/polymer) supply the electronics. All these products have been tested and evaluated for risk. These products must, for example, meet the requirements for electromagnetic compatibility as well as the requirements for electromagnetic fields affecting humans or implant wearers. Extensive analyses and measurements were carried out for this purpose. Many users are not aware of these risks. The result of this study should serve as a suggestion to do it better in the future or simply to point out these risks. Commercial LED warning vests, LED hand and foot-bands, illuminated surfaces with inverter (high voltage), flashlights, smart watches, and Bluetooth smart glasses were checked for risks. The luminance, the electromagnetic emissions in the low-frequency as well as in the high-frequency range, audible noises, and nervous flashing frequencies were checked by measurements and analyzed. Rechargeable lithium-ion or lithium-polymer batteries can burn or explode under special conditions like overheating, overcharging, deep discharge or using out of the temperature specification. Some risk analysis becomes necessary. The result of this study is that many smart wearables are worn very close to the body, and an extensive risk analysis becomes necessary. Wearers of active implants like a pacemaker or implantable cardiac defibrillator must be considered. If the wearable electronics include switching regulators or inverter circuits, active medical implants in the near field can be disturbed. A risk analysis is necessary. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20and%20hazards" title="safety and hazards">safety and hazards</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20safety" title=" electrical safety"> electrical safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EMC" title=" EMC"> EMC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EMF" title=" EMF"> EMF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20medical%20implants" title=" active medical implants"> active medical implants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20radiation" title=" optical radiation"> optical radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=illuminated%20warning%20vest" title=" illuminated warning vest"> illuminated warning vest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20luminescent" title=" electric luminescent"> electric luminescent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hand%20and%20head%20lamps" title=" hand and head lamps"> hand and head lamps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LED" title=" LED"> LED</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-light" title=" e-light"> e-light</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20batteries" title=" safety batteries"> safety batteries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light%20density" title=" light density"> light density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20glare%20effects" title=" optical glare effects"> optical glare effects</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109112/measurements-for-risk-analysis-and-detecting-hazards-by-active-wearables" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109112.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Investigations of the Service Life of Different Material Configurations at Solid-lubricated Rolling Bearings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bernd%20Sauer">Bernd Sauer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michel%20Werner"> Michel Werner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stefan%20Emrich"> Stefan Emrich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Kopnarski"> Michael Kopnarski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oliver%20Koch"> Oliver Koch</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Friction reduction is an important aspect in the context of sustainability and energy transition. Rolling bearings are therefore used in many applications in which components move relative to each other. Conventionally lubricated rolling bearings are used in a wide range of applications, but are not suitable under certain conditions. Conventional lubricants such as grease or oil cannot be used at very high or very low temperatures. In addition, these lubricants evaporate at very low ambient pressure, e.g. in a high vacuum environment, making the use of solid lubricated bearings unavoidable. With the use of solid-lubricated bearings, predicting the service life becomes more complex. While the end of the service life of bearings with conventional lubrication is mainly caused by the failure of the bearing components due to material fatigue, solid-lubricated bearings fail at the moment when the lubrication layer is worn and the rolling elements come into direct contact with the raceway during operation. In order to extend the service life of these bearings beyond the service life of the initial coating, the use of transfer lubrication is recommended, in which pockets or sacrificial cages are used in which the balls run and can thus absorb the lubricant, which is then available for lubrication in tribological contact. This contribution presents the results of wear and service life tests on solid-lubricated rolling bearings with sacrificial cage pockets. The cage of the bearing consists of a polyimide (PI) matrix with 15% molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and serves as a lubrication depot alongside the silver-coated balls. The bearings are tested under high vacuum (pE < 10-2 Pa) at a temperature of 300 °C on a four-bearing test rig. First, investigations of the bearing system within the bearing service life are presented and the torque curve, the wear mass and surface analyses are discussed. With regard to wear, it can be seen that the bearing rings tend to increase in mass over the service life of the bearing, while the balls and the cage tend to lose mass. With regard to the elementary surface properties, the surfaces of the bearing rings and balls are examined in terms of the mass of the elements on them. Furthermore, service life investigations with different material pairings are presented, whereby the focus here is on the service life achieved in addition to the torque curve, wear development and surface analysis. It was shown that MoS2 in the cage leads to a longer service life, while a silver (Ag) coating on the balls has no positive influence on the service life and even appears to reduce it in combination with MoS2. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ball%20bearings" title="ball bearings">ball bearings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molybdenum%20disulfide" title=" molybdenum disulfide"> molybdenum disulfide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20lubricated%20bearings" title=" solid lubricated bearings"> solid lubricated bearings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20lubrication%20mechanisms" title=" solid lubrication mechanisms"> solid lubrication mechanisms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185474/investigations-of-the-service-life-of-different-material-configurations-at-solid-lubricated-rolling-bearings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185474.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">49</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Development of a Multi-Variate Model for Matching Plant Nitrogen Requirements with Supply for Reducing Losses in Dairy Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iris%20Vogeler">Iris Vogeler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rogerio%20Cichota"> Rogerio Cichota</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Armin%20Werner"> Armin Werner</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dairy farms are under pressure to increase productivity while reducing environmental impacts. Effective fertiliser management practices are critical to achieve this. Determination of optimum nitrogen (N) fertilisation rates which maximise pasture growth and minimise N losses is challenging due to variability in plant requirements and likely near-future supply of N by the soil. Remote sensing can be used for mapping N nutrition status of plants and to rapidly assess the spatial variability within a field. An algorithm is, however, lacking which relates the N status of the plants to the expected yield response to additions of N. The aim of this simulation study was to develop a multi-variate model for determining N fertilisation rate for a target percentage of the maximum achievable yield based on the pasture N concentration (ii) use of an algorithm for guiding fertilisation rates, and (iii) evaluation of the model regarding pasture yield and N losses, including N leaching, denitrification and volatilisation. A simulation study was carried out using the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM). The simulations were done for an irrigated ryegrass pasture in the Canterbury region of New Zealand. A multi-variate model was developed and used to determine monthly required N fertilisation rates based on pasture N content prior to fertilisation and targets of 50, 75, 90 and 100% of the potential monthly yield. These monthly optimised fertilisation rules were evaluated by running APSIM for a ten-year period to provide yield and N loss estimates from both nonurine and urine affected areas. Comparison with typical fertilisation rates of 150 and 400 kg N/ha/year was also done. Assessment of pasture yield and leaching from fertiliser and urine patches indicated a large reduction in N losses when N fertilisation rates were controlled by the multi-variate model. However, the reduction in leaching losses was much smaller when taking into account the effects of urine patches. The proposed approach based on biophysical modelling to develop a multi-variate model for determining optimum N fertilisation rates dependent on pasture N content is very promising. Further analysis, under different environmental conditions and validation is required before the approach can be used to help adjust fertiliser management practices to temporal and spatial N demand based on the nitrogen status of the pasture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=APSIM%20modelling" title="APSIM modelling">APSIM modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimum%20N%20fertilization%20rate" title=" optimum N fertilization rate"> optimum N fertilization rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pasture%20N%20content" title=" pasture N content"> pasture N content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ryegrass%20pasture" title=" ryegrass pasture"> ryegrass pasture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=three%20dimensional%20surface%20response%20function." title=" three dimensional surface response function. "> three dimensional surface response function. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86762/development-of-a-multi-variate-model-for-matching-plant-nitrogen-requirements-with-supply-for-reducing-losses-in-dairy-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86762.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Alkali Activation of Fly Ash, Metakaolin and Slag Blends: Fresh and Hardened Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weiliang%20Gong">Weiliang Gong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lissa%20Gomes"> Lissa Gomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucile%20Raymond"> Lucile Raymond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hui%20Xu"> Hui Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Werner%20Lutze"> Werner Lutze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ian%20L.%20Pegg">Ian L. Pegg</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Alkali-activated materials, particularly geopolymers, have attracted much interest in academia. Commercial applications are on the rise, as well. Geopolymers are produced typically by a reaction of one or two aluminosilicates with an alkaline solution at room temperature. Fly ash is an important aluminosilicate source. However, using low-Ca fly ash, the byproduct of burning hard or black coal reacts and sets slowly at room temperature. The development of mechanical durability, e.g., compressive strength, is slow as well. The use of fly ashes with relatively high contents ( > 6%) of unburned carbon, i.e., high loss on ignition (LOI), is particularly disadvantageous as well. This paper will show to what extent these impediments can be mitigated by mixing the fly ash with one or two more aluminosilicate sources. The fly ash used here is generated at the Orlando power plant (Florida, USA). It is low in Ca ( < 1.5% CaO) and has a high LOI of > 6%. The additional aluminosilicate sources are metakaolin and blast furnace slag. Binary fly ash-metakaolin and ternary fly ash-metakaolin-slag geopolymers were prepared. Properties of geopolymer pastes before and after setting have been measured. Fresh mixtures of aluminosilicates with an alkaline solution were studied by Vicat needle penetration, rheology, and isothermal calorimetry up to initial setting and beyond. The hardened geopolymers were investigated by SEM/EDS and the compressive strength was measured. Initial setting (fluid to solid transition) was indicated by a rapid increase in yield stress and plastic viscosity. The rheological times of setting were always smaller than the Vicat times of setting. Both times of setting decreased with increasing replacement of fly ash with blast furnace slag in a ternary fly ash-metakaolin-slag geopolymer system. As expected, setting with only Orlando fly ash was the slowest. Replacing 20% fly ash with metakaolin shortened the set time. Replacing increasing fractions of fly ash in the binary system by blast furnace slag (up to 30%) shortened the time of setting even further. The 28-day compressive strength increased drastically from < 20 MPa to 90 MPa. The most interesting finding relates to the calorimetric measurements. The use of two or three aluminosilicates generated significantly more heat (20 to 65%) than the calculated from the weighted sum of the individual aluminosilicates. This synergetic heat contributes or may be responsible for most of the increase of compressive strength of our binary and ternary geopolymers. The synergetic heat effect may be also related to increased incorporation of calcium in sodium aluminosilicate hydrate to form a hybrid (N,C)A-S-H) gel. The time of setting will be correlated with heat release and maximum heat flow. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alkali-activated%20materials" title="alkali-activated materials">alkali-activated materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binary%20and%20ternary%0D%0Ageopolymers" title=" binary and ternary geopolymers"> binary and ternary geopolymers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blends%20of%20fly%20ash" title=" blends of fly ash"> blends of fly ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metakaolin%20and%20blast%20furnace%20slag" title=" metakaolin and blast furnace slag"> metakaolin and blast furnace slag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rheology" title=" rheology"> rheology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synergetic%20heats" title=" synergetic heats "> synergetic heats </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115972/alkali-activation-of-fly-ash-metakaolin-and-slag-blends-fresh-and-hardened-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115972.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Sexuality and Quality of Life Among Older Adults</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahuva%20Even-Zohar">Ahuva Even-Zohar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shoshi%20Werner"> Shoshi Werner</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Context: Sexuality is an important aspect of overall quality of life for individuals across different age groups and health conditions. Sexual interest and activity continue to be important and play a role in people's life as they age. Despite this, there is limited research on the sexual health of older adults. Research Aim: The study aims to examine the knowledge, attitudes, and sexual activity of older adults and to explore the relationship between sexual activity and quality of life among this population. Methodology: The study involved 203 Jewish participants from Israel, with an average age of 69.59. The participants completed questionnaires administered through an Internet panel. The questionnaires measured variables such as knowledge about and attitudes towards sexuality, sexual activity, quality of life, and socio-demographic information. Findings: The study found that a majority of the participants reported engaging in sexual activity, with most of them experiencing full sexual intercourse. Approximately half of the participants expressed high levels of satisfaction with their sexual activity. The results indicated that older adults demonstrated a moderate level of knowledge and permissive attitudes towards sexuality in later life. Moreover, higher levels of knowledge and permissive attitudes were associated with increased sexual activity. The frequency of sexual activity was identified as a predictor of quality of life, with a mediating effect on the relationship between attitudes towards older adults' sexuality and quality of life. Notably, men and older adults who were married or in a relationship reported higher frequencies of sexual activity compared to women and older adults without a partner. Furthermore, a majority of participants did not seek professional help or discuss their sexual concerns with a therapist. Theoretical Importance: This research contributes to our understanding of a topic that is often considered taboo - sexuality among older adults. It highlights that older adults maintain an interest in sexual activity, and that engaging in such activity contributes to their overall quality of life. Data Collection and Analysis Procedures: The data for this study were collected using structured questionnaires administered through an Internet panel. The questionnaires included closed-ended questions, allowing for quantitative data analysis. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were performed to examine the relationships between the variables. Questions Addressed: This study aimed to address the following questions: What is the level of knowledge and attitudes towards sexuality among older adults? How prevalent is sexual activity among older adults and what factors are associated with it? How does sexual activity impact the quality of life of older adults? Do older adults seek professional help for their sexual concerns? Conclusion: The main conclusion drawn from this research is that sexuality is a crucial aspect of older adults' lives and significantly contributes to their quality of life. The study emphasizes the need for educational programs aimed at older adults and professionals, which promote the understanding and benefits of sexuality in later life. It also suggests that professionals should actively encourage older individuals to seek help and support when experiencing difficulties related to sexuality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=men" title="men">men</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=older%20adults" title=" older adults"> older adults</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life"> quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sexuality" title=" sexuality"> sexuality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women" title=" women"> women</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170609/sexuality-and-quality-of-life-among-older-adults" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170609.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Surviral: An Agent-Based Simulation Framework for Sars-Cov-2 Outcome Prediction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabrina%20Neururer">Sabrina Neururer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marco%20Schweitzer"> Marco Schweitzer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Werner%20Hackl"> Werner Hackl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bernhard%20Tilg"> Bernhard Tilg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Raudaschl"> Patrick Raudaschl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andreas%20Huber"> Andreas Huber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bernhard%20Pfeifer"> Bernhard Pfeifer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> History and the current outbreak of Covid-19 have shown the deadly potential of infectious diseases. However, infectious diseases also have a serious impact on areas other than health and healthcare, such as the economy or social life. These areas are strongly codependent. Therefore, disease control measures, such as social distancing, quarantines, curfews, or lockdowns, have to be adopted in a very considerate manner. Infectious disease modeling can support policy and decision-makers with adequate information regarding the dynamics of the pandemic and therefore assist in planning and enforcing appropriate measures that will prevent the healthcare system from collapsing. In this work, an agent-based simulation package named “survival” for simulating infectious diseases is presented. A special focus is put on SARS-Cov-2. The presented simulation package was used in Austria to model the SARS-Cov-2 outbreak from the beginning of 2020. Agent-based modeling is a relatively recent modeling approach. Since our world is getting more and more complex, the complexity of the underlying systems is also increasing. The development of tools and frameworks and increasing computational power advance the application of agent-based models. For parametrizing the presented model, different data sources, such as known infections, wastewater virus load, blood donor antibodies, circulating virus variants and the used capacity for hospitalization, as well as the availability of medical materials like ventilators, were integrated with a database system and used. The simulation result of the model was used for predicting the dynamics and the possible outcomes and was used by the health authorities to decide on the measures to be taken in order to control the pandemic situation. The survival package was implemented in the programming language Java and the analytics were performed with R Studio. During the first run in March 2020, the simulation showed that without measures other than individual personal behavior and appropriate medication, the death toll would have been about 27 million people worldwide within the first year. The model predicted the hospitalization rates (standard and intensive care) for Tyrol and South Tyrol with an accuracy of about 1.5% average error. They were calculated to provide 10-days forecasts. The state government and the hospitals were provided with the 10-days models to support their decision-making. This ensured that standard care was maintained for as long as possible without restrictions. Furthermore, various measures were estimated and thereafter enforced. Among other things, communities were quarantined based on the calculations while, in accordance with the calculations, the curfews for the entire population were reduced. With this framework, which is used in the national crisis team of the Austrian province of Tyrol, a very accurate model could be created on the federal state level as well as on the district and municipal level, which was able to provide decision-makers with a solid information basis. This framework can be transferred to various infectious diseases and thus can be used as a basis for future monitoring. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modelling" title="modelling">modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agent-based" title=" agent-based"> agent-based</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SARS-Cov-2" title=" SARS-Cov-2"> SARS-Cov-2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151552/surviral-an-agent-based-simulation-framework-for-sars-cov-2-outcome-prediction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151552.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">174</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> When the Children Touched the Paintings: New German Cinema, the Red Army Faction, and their Filmic Afterlives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rudy%20Ralph%20Martinez">Rudy Ralph Martinez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The 1960s provided us with some of the most iconic protest images of the late-20th century. This was the result of worldwide unrest and the proliferation of filmmaking equipment, which led to a flood of photos and films depicting war and activism. Many of these images and films played a pivotal role in shaping the ever-evolving discussions surrounding the ‘60s. However, too often, radical imagery finds itself subsumed by consumer culture, a degradation that flattens radical imagery and turns it into consumer products. With this in mind, the work that follows is an analysis of one of the little-discussed chapters of the 60s and 70s, and it is that of the New German Cinema movement and its relationship with the Rote Armee Fraktion, or Red Army Faction (RAF), an armed Marxist-Leninist group founded in West Germany in 1970. The RAF arose out of a milieu which included student activists protesting Western military involvement in the Vietnam War, civil rights activists, and third world guerillas. The actions undertaken by the group throughout their first decade in existence, including bombings, and assassinations, would create West Germany’s most dire political crisis since the Nazi era, culminating in a crisis of legitimation remembered as the German Autumn, which saw the suicides of several of the militants and the assassination of SS officer-cum-prominent industrialist, Hans Martin-Schleyer. Throughout the 1970s, young filmmakers associated with the New German Cinema sought to analyze the political situation as it was unfolding, their films contributing to the public discourse in concomitance with the government and the media. Four notable examples of these films are Volker Schlöndorff and Margarethe von Trotta’sDie Verlorene Ehre der Katharina Blum oder: Wie Gewaltentstehen und wohinsieführenkann (The Lost Honour of Katharina Blum, or: How Violence Develops and Where it Can Lead) (1975), a dark drama about the media’s role in forming public opinion, Deutschland im Herbst(Germany in Autumn) (1977), an experimental collective work released mere months after the German Autumn, Rainer Werner Fassbinder’s Die Dritte Generation (The Third Generation) (1979), a satire about an inept cell of radical militants, and Die bleierne Zeit (The Leaden Time, alt. title: Marianne and Juliane) (1981), an intimate portrayal about two sisters whose activism leads them down disparate paths. The filmmakers of the New German Cinema refused to underline their films with the Manichaean claims respectively espoused by the RAF and the government. These complex portrayals found offspring in films such as Christian Petzold’s Die innere Sicherheit(The State I Am In) (2000), a portrait of a family on the run after the reunification of Germany but were countered by glossy high-budget portrayals such as Uli Edel’s Der Baader-Meinhof Komplex(The Baader-Meinhof Complex) (2008). In focusing on the aesthetic structure of these films in relation to the political atmosphere of the late-60s and 70s West Germany, I hope to shed light on questions concerning spectatorship, surveillance, the role of journalism, and how politics disrupts personal relationships, and the kinship between artists and so-called terrorists. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20german%20cinema" title="new german cinema">new german cinema</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=film%20history" title=" film history"> film history</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=red%20army%20faction" title=" red army faction"> red army faction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=german%20cinema" title=" german cinema"> german cinema</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149432/when-the-children-touched-the-paintings-new-german-cinema-the-red-army-faction-and-their-filmic-afterlives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149432.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Black-Box-Optimization Approach for High Precision Multi-Axes Forward-Feed Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sebastian%20Kehne">Sebastian Kehne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20Epple"> Alexander Epple</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Werner%20Herfs"> Werner Herfs</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A new method for optimal selection of components for multi-axes forward-feed drive systems is proposed in which the choice of motors, gear boxes and ball screw drives is optimized. Essential is here the synchronization of electrical and mechanical frequency behavior of all axes because even advanced controls (like H∞-controls) can only control a small part of the mechanical modes – namely only those of observable and controllable states whose value can be derived from the positions of extern linear length measurement systems and/or rotary encoders on the motor or gear box shafts. Further problems are the unknown processing forces like cutting forces in machine tools during normal operation which make the estimation and control via an observer even more difficult. To start with, the open source Modelica Feed Drive Library which was developed at the Laboratory for Machine Tools, and Production Engineering (WZL) is extended from one axis design to the multi axes design. It is capable to simulate the mechanical, electrical and thermal behavior of permanent magnet synchronous machines with inverters, different gear boxes and ball screw drives in a mechanical system. To keep the calculation time down analytical equations are used for field and torque producing equivalent circuit, heat dissipation and mechanical torque at the shaft. As a first step, a small machine tool with a working area of 635 x 315 x 420 mm is taken apart, and the mechanical transfer behavior is measured with an impulse hammer and acceleration sensors. With the frequency transfer functions, a mechanical finite element model is built up which is reduced with substructure coupling to a mass-damper system which models the most important modes of the axes. The model is modelled with Modelica Feed Drive Library and validated by further relative measurements between machine table and spindle holder with a piezo actor and acceleration sensors. In a next step, the choice of possible components in motor catalogues is limited by derived analytical formulas which are based on well-known metrics to gain effective power and torque of the components. The simulation in Modelica is run with different permanent magnet synchronous motors, gear boxes and ball screw drives from different suppliers. To speed up the optimization different black-box optimization methods (Surrogate-based, gradient-based and evolutionary) are tested on the case. The objective that was chosen is to minimize the integral of the deviations if a step is given on the position controls of the different axes. Small values are good measures for a high dynamic axes. In each iteration (evaluation of one set of components) the control variables are adjusted automatically to have an overshoot less than 1%. It is obtained that the order of the components in optimization problem has a deep impact on the speed of the black-box optimization. An approach to do efficient black-box optimization for multi-axes design is presented in the last part. The authors would like to thank the German Research Foundation DFG for financial support of the project “Optimierung des mechatronischen Entwurfs von mehrachsigen Antriebssystemen (HE 5386/14-1 | 6954/4-1)” (English: Optimization of the Mechatronic Design of Multi-Axes Drive Systems). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ball%20screw%20drive%20design" title="ball screw drive design">ball screw drive design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20optimization" title=" discrete optimization"> discrete optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forward%20feed%20drives" title=" forward feed drives"> forward feed drives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gear%20box%20design" title=" gear box design"> gear box design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20drives" title=" linear drives"> linear drives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20tools" title=" machine tools"> machine tools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motor%20design" title=" motor design"> motor design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-axes%20design" title=" multi-axes design"> multi-axes design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67591/black-box-optimization-approach-for-high-precision-multi-axes-forward-feed-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67591.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> 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