Sleep Science and Sleep Disorders

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<li class='breadcrumb-home'><a href='/'>Home</a></li><li class='breacrumb-break'>/</li><li class='breadcrumb-parent'><a href='/node/80002'><span class='back-to'> < Back To </span>The Science</a></li><li class='breacrumb-break'>/</li><li class='breadcrumb-current'>Sleep Science and Sleep Disorders</li></ul></div></div> <article class="node node--type-scientific-focus-area node--view-mode-full" data-title="Sleep Science and Sleep Disorders" data-type="scientific_focus_area" data-format="" data-audience="" data-campaign="" > <div class="standard"> <div class="field field--name-field-top-texture-banner field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="pageBanner"> <div class="banner-new-dark-blue"></div> </div> </div> <div class="secondary-grey-background"> <div class="responsive-container responsive-container-constrained"> <div class="content-container page-top"> <div class="rtFlexContainer"> <div class="rtTitleClassification"> <h1> <span>Sleep Science and Sleep Disorders</span> </h1> <div class="calloutdescription"> <div class="field field--name-field-definition field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Sleep is essential for good health. Not getting enough uninterrupted sleep negatively affects a person鈥檚 attention, learning and memory, and physical health. The NHLBI funds research on many sleep disorders, such as sleep apnea, narcolepsy, insomnia, restless legs syndrome, as well as jet lag and other disturbances of the body鈥檚 internal clocks or circadian rhythms.</div> </div> </div> <div class="onThisPage"> <div class="pagenavtitle"> On this page </div> <ul> <li><a href="#makingadifference">Research Making a Difference</a></li> <li><a href="#whyimportant">Why It's Important</a></li> <li><a href="#keyaccomplishments">Key Accomplishments</a></li> <li><a href="#opportunities">Opportunities & Challenges</a></li> <li><a href="#advancingresearch">Advancing the Research</a></li> <li><a href="#relatedreading">Related Reading</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="responsive-container responsive-container-constrained"> <div class="content-container research-making-a-difference"> <div class="field field--name-field-making-a-difference field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="flexcontainer paragraph paragraph--type--making-a-difference paragraph--view-mode--default" id="makingadifference"> <h2 class="phone-display" id="makingadifference-phone">Research Making a Difference</h2> <div class="flexItemTextHalf"> <h2 class="desktop-tablet-display" id="makingadifference-desktop">Research Making a Difference</h2> <div class="pullquote"> We鈥檙e all affected by the pandemic in different ways." </div> <div class="bodytext"> <div class="field field--name-field-research-description field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">As the coronavirus pandemic continues to disrupt daily living, researchers are taking a closer look at one requirement for health that many people take for granted: sleep. And they鈥檝e concluded that improving our sleep schedule and quality is an important part of coping with these stressful times. </div> </div> <div class="desktop-display"> <div class="field field--name-field-url field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item"><a href="/news/2020/covid-and-sleep-better-slumber-during-pandemic-may-help-protect-your-health">Read more about this research.</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="flexItemImageHalf"> <div class="image-and-photocredit-container"> <div class="field field--name-field-thumbnail field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/modules/custom/nhlbi_blazy/images/clear.png" width="768" height="432" alt="A masked healthcare worker with closed eyes taking a break. " data-src="/sites/default/files/styles/16x9_crop/public/2021-04/Sleep%20challenges%20during%20COVID%20pandemic%20-%20shutterstock_1766425184.jpg?itok=457MuMBf" class="b-lazy image-style-_6x9-crop" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="tablet-phone-display"> <div class="field field--name-field-url field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item"><a href="/news/2020/covid-and-sleep-better-slumber-during-pandemic-may-help-protect-your-health">Read more about this research.</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pale-blue-darker-white-background"> <div class="responsive-container responsive-container-constrained"> <div class="content-container why-its-important storycalloutbox"> <div class="storycallouttitle" id="whyimportant"> <h2 class="why-its-important-header">WHY IT'S IMPORTANT</h2> </div> <div class="storycallouttext"> <div class="bodytext"> <div class="field field--name-field-why-important-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Getting the right amount of uninterrupted sleep at the right time of day is key to one鈥檚 overall health. About 50 to 70 million Americans have sleep or wakefulness disorders. Sleep deficiency and untreated sleep disorders are associated with a growing number of health problems, including heart disease, high blood pressure, stroke, diabetes, obesity, and certain cancers. Sleep disorders can also be costly. Each year sleep disorders, sleep deprivation, and sleepiness add to the national health care bill. Undiagnosed sleep apnea alone is estimated to cost the Nation $150 billion annually. Additional costs to society for related health problems, lost worker productivity, and accidents make sleep disorders a serious public health concern. The NHLBI funds research to discover better ways to promote and achieve sleep health, inform public policy, and increase community awareness to enhance human health.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="tertiaryBlueBackground"> <div class="responsive-container responsive-container-constrained"> <div class="content-container key-accomplishments storycalloutbox"> <div class="storycallouttitle" id="keyaccomplishments"> <h2 class="key-accomplishments-header">KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS</h2> </div> <div class="storycallouttext storycalloutlist"> <div class="field field--name-field-key-accomplishments field--type-string field--label-hidden field__items"> <ul> <li><div class="field__item calloutdata font-size-xl">NHLBI-funded research helped determine that adults who report regularly sleeping 7-8 hours a night have a lower risk of obesity and high blood pressure.</div></li> <li><div class="field__item calloutdata font-size-xl">Our research found that untreated sleep apnea increases the risk for new onset atrial fibrillation.</div></li> <li><div class="field__item calloutdata font-size-xl">NHLBI-research found that untreated sleep apnea also increases the risk for high blood pressure and diabetes during pregnancy.</div></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="responsive-container responsive-container-constrained"> <div class="content-container opportunities-and-challenges storycalloutbox"> <div class="storycallouttitle" id="opportunities"> <h2 class="opportunities-and-challenges-header">OPPORTUNITIES & CHALLENGES</h2> </div> <div class="storycallouttext"> <div class="field field--name-field-opportunities-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Although researchers have learned a lot about sleep and sleep disorders in recent years, important questions remain, such as how sleep and circadian disturbances affect human health and how to best prevent, diagnose, and treat these disorders. In 2016, the NHLBI released its <a href="/node/80111">Strategic Vision</a>, which will guide the Institute鈥檚 research activities for the coming decade. Many of the objectives, compelling questions, and critical challenges identified in the plan focus on sleep. For example, researchers will be looking at whether changing the time of day (circadian rhythm) when one sleeps, eats, and takes medicines can help improve existing treatments for other diseases, such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and asthma. Training the next generation of sleep scientists is also a high priority for NHLBI.</p></div> <div class="supplemental-accordion"> <div class="field field--name-field-opportunities-accordion field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <h3 class="graysubaccordionheading" id="partnering-on-sleep-research-and-health-757"> <div class="field field--name-field-panel-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Partnering on Sleep Research and Health</div> <span class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible"> - Sleep Science and Sleep Disorders </span> </h3> <div class="ui-accordion ui-widget ui-helper-reset paragraph paragraph--type--standard-accordion-panelparagraph--view-mode--default" > <div class="bodytext"> <div class="field field--name-field-accordion-body field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>NHLBI will continue to work with its partners to translate scientific sleep research discoveries into improved strategies to prevent and treat sleep disorders. NHLBI is committed to working with researchers, health care providers, and public and private organizations to implement the research opportunities outlined in the NIH Sleep Research Plan. Recommended research initiatives include looking at the connection between sleep and the body鈥檚 natural circadian rhythm, studying the influence of genetic and environmental factors that could influence a person's sleep health, and conducting more clinical trials to improve treatments for sleep and circadian disorders.</p></div> </div> <div class="readMoreContainer"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <h3 class="graysubaccordionheading" id="improving-the-sleep-health-of-our-nation-758"> <div class="field field--name-field-panel-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Improving the Sleep Health of our Nation</div> <span class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible"> - Sleep Science and Sleep Disorders </span> </h3> <div class="ui-accordion ui-widget ui-helper-reset paragraph paragraph--type--standard-accordion-panelparagraph--view-mode--default" > <div class="bodytext"> <div class="field field--name-field-accordion-body field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Sleep health continues to be a nationwide health improvement priority in <a href="https://health.gov/healthypeople" rel="noreferrer">Healthy People 2030</a>. Healthy People provides science-based, national objectives for improving the health of all Americans over a 10-year period. The <a href="https://health.gov/healthypeople/search?query=sleep " rel="noreferrer">sleep health goal</a> calls for an increase in public knowledge about how adequate sleep and treatment of sleep disorders can improve health, productivity, wellness, quality of life, and safety on the roads and in the workplace. This will be accomplished by focusing on four objectives:</p><ul><li>Increase the proportion of people with symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea who seek medical evaluation.</li><li>Reduce the rate of vehicular crashes per 100 million miles traveled that are due to drowsy driving.</li><li>Increase the proportion of students in grades 9-12 who get sufficient sleep.</li><li>Increase the proportion of adults who get sufficient sleep.</li></ul></div> </div> <div class="readMoreContainer"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pale-blue-darker-white-background"> <div class="responsive-container responsive-container-constrained"> <div class="content-container advancing-the-research"> <h2 id="advancingresearch">Advancing the Research</h2> <div class="field field--name-field-advancing-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span>NHLBI is advancing research and clinical care for people with sleep disorders. Learn more about some of our key efforts related to sleep science and sleep disorders.</span></p></div> <div class="field field--name-field-sub-category field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--sfa-sub-category paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-sfa-card field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <div class="science-instance-card"> <div class="field field--name-field-icon field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="card-icon"> <div class="card-icon-branch-lab"></div> </div> </div> <h3> <div class="field field--name-field-card-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">We Perform Research</div> </h3> <div class="bodytext"> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The NHLBI <a href="/node/80034">Division of Intramural Research</a> and its <a href="/node/80020">Systems Biology Center</a> are studying how genes and the environment influence sleep.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="science-instance-card"> <div class="field field--name-field-icon field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="card-icon"> <div class="card-icon-branch-lab"></div> </div> </div> <h3> <div class="field field--name-field-card-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">We Fund Research</div> </h3> <div class="bodytext"> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The NHLBI <a href="/node/80030">Division of Lung Diseases</a> is home to the <a href="/node/80031">National Center on Sleep Disorders Research</a>, which supports research on sleep and the circadian biology of sleep disorders, including how the body regulates breathing during sleep, how sleep deficiencies affect the whole body, and what biomarkers can help assess sleep health. Other NHLBI Divisions support sleep research, including why sleep deficiency is a risk factor for obesity and some cardiovascular diseases, and how sleep and biology affect blood clotting, the immune system, and blood cell production.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="science-instance-card"> <div class="field field--name-field-icon field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="card-icon"> <div class="card-icon-programs"></div> </div> </div> <h3> <div class="field field--name-field-card-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">The Promise of Precision Medicine</div> </h3> <div class="bodytext"> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Through NHLBI鈥檚 <a href="/node/80055">Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program</a>, researchers will use data from studies focused on heart, lung, blood and sleep disorders to better predict, prevent, diagnose, and treat sleep disorders based on a patient鈥檚 unique genes, environment, and molecular signatures. Learn more about the NHLBI <a href="/node/80042">precision medicine activities</a>.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="science-instance-card"> <div class="field field--name-field-icon field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="card-icon"> <div class="card-icon-branch-lab"></div> </div> </div> <h3> <div class="field field--name-field-card-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Coordinating Efforts to Address the Nation's Health Challenges</div> </h3> <div class="bodytext"> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>For more than 25 years, NHLBI鈥檚 <a href="/node/80031">National Center on Sleep Disorders Research (NCSDR)</a> has supported and coordinated sleep science and disorders research, training, and awareness across NIH, other federal agencies and outside organizations. The center also participates in the translation of new sleep research findings for dissemination to healthcare professionals and the public. Read <a href="/health-topics/all-publications-and-resources/celebrating-25-years-research-promote-healthy-sleep">Celebrating 25 Years of Research to Promote Healthy Sleep</a> to learn more about the Center's legacy in research and initiatives.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="science-instance-card"> <div class="field field--name-field-icon field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="card-icon"> <div class="card-icon-consortium"></div> </div> </div> <h3> <div class="field field--name-field-card-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Facilitating Discussions on Sleep Disorders</div> </h3> <div class="bodytext"> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The NHLBI supports the Sleep Disorders Research Advisory Board. Board members, including medical professionals, federal partners, and members of the public, meet regularly to provide feedback on sleep-related research and discuss how to move sleep research forward.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="science-instance-card"> <div class="field field--name-field-icon field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="card-icon"> <div class="card-icon-pivotal-trial"></div> </div> </div> <h3> <div class="field field--name-field-card-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Partnering on Sleep Apnea and Pregnancy Outcomes Research</div> </h3> <div class="bodytext"> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The NHLBI partnered with the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) in the <a href="https://www.nichd.nih.gov/research/supported/Pages/nuMoM2b.aspx" rel="noreferrer">NuMoM2B study</a>, which found that sleep deficiency and mild sleep apnea in pregnant women increases the risk of pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia and diabetes.  The NHLBI and the NICHD are now studying whether the treatment of sleep apnea during pregnancy reduces these risks.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="science-instance-card"> <div class="field field--name-field-icon field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="card-icon"> <div class="card-icon-pivotal-trial"></div> </div> </div> <h3> <div class="field field--name-field-card-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Collaborating on Sleep Apnea and Diabetes Research</div> </h3> <div class="bodytext"> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The NHLBI partnered with the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) for the Sleep Ahead study, an offshoot of the Look Ahead study. Sleep Ahead found sleep apnea in over 80 percent of participants who had obesity and type 2 diabetes. It also found that weight loss reduced sleep apnea better than a diabetes education program. These findings have led to new co-sponsored studies with NIDDK, such as TODAY2, to see if sleep apnea affects diabetes medicines.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="science-instance-card"> <div class="field field--name-field-icon field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="card-icon"> <div class="card-icon-research-tools"></div> </div> </div> <h3> <div class="field field--name-field-card-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Providing Sleep Data and Resources for Researchers</div> </h3> <div class="bodytext"> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The <a href="https://sleepdata.org/" rel="noreferrer">National Sleep Research Resource</a> is an NHLBI resource for the sleep science community. It offers researchers free access to large collections of well-characterized data from completed studies that the NHLBI has funded. These data can be used in new research studies to advance sleep research.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="science-instance-card"> <div class="field field--name-field-icon field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="card-icon"> <div class="card-icon-research-tools"></div> </div> </div> <h3> <div class="field field--name-field-card-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Providing Access to NHLBI Biologic Specimens and Data</div> </h3> <div class="bodytext"> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The <a href="/science/biologic-specimen-and-data-repository-information-coordinating-center-biolincc">Biologic Specimen and Data Repository Information Coordinating Center (BioLINCC)</a> centralizes and integrates biospecimens and clinical data that were once stored in separate repositories. Researchers can find and request available resources on BioLINCC's secure website, which maximizes the value of these resources and advances heart, lung, blood, and sleep research.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <a class="viewmorebutton" href = "/science/all-science?field_related_sfas_target_id=80038" >View all science about Sleep Science and Sleep Disorders </a> </div> </div> </div> <a id="relatedreading"></a> <div class="responsive-container responsive-container-constrained"> <div class="content-container-margin"> <div class="related-ht-press-container"> <div class="card"> <h2>Related Health Topics</h2> <div class="related-topics"> <div class="field field--name-field-related-health-topics field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/health/circadian-rhythm-disorders" hreflang="en">What Are Circadian Rhythm Disorders? </a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/health/sleep" hreflang="en">How Sleep Works</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/health/insomnia" hreflang="en">What Is Insomnia?</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/health/sleep-apnea" hreflang="en">What Is Sleep Apnea?</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/health/sleep-deprivation" hreflang="en">What Are Sleep Deprivation and Deficiency?</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="tertiaryBlueBackground"> <div class="responsive-container responsive-container-constrained"> <div class="content-container-margin"> <div class="field field--name-field-related-news-single field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <h2><div class="whitesubhead font-size-l"> RELATED NEWS </div></h2> <article class="featured-science-instance-teaser-container node node--type-feature-article node--promoted node--view-mode-featured-science-instance-teaser"> <div class="flexItemImageThird"> <div class="image-and-photocredit-container"> <div class="field field--name-field-hero-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/modules/custom/nhlbi_blazy/images/clear.png" width="768" height="432" alt="A man is shown wearing a device used to treat obstructive sleep apnea. " data-src="/sites/default/files/styles/16x9_crop/public/2023-08/shutterstock_539015356.jpg?h=54127549&itok=UgZaV8wD" class="b-lazy image-style-_6x9-crop" /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="flexTextWithImage flexItemText"> <div class="font-size-l bannerdate"> <time datetime="2023-09-01T13:00:00Z" class="datetime"><span>September 01, 2023</span></time> <div class="paddedBar"> | </div> Research Feature </div> <div class="herobannertitle" > <a href="/news/2023/diagnosing-obstructive-sleep-apnea-home" rel="bookmark"> <span>SBIR success story: diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea at home</span> </a> </div> <div class="bodytext"> <div class="field field--name-field-additional-introduction field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"> Obstructive sleep apnea affects millions of adults worldwide, including more than 24 million in the United States. However, most cases, 90%, remain undiagnosed. The condition results from the upper airways becoming blocked while a person sleeps, which can reduce or stop airflow. As a result, people with obstructed airways can wake up multiple times... </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="responsive-container responsive-container-constrained"> <div class="content-container-margin"> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-nhlbi-news-science view-id-nhlbi_news_science view-display-id-block_5 js-view-dom-id-b5affac3315fcd9703882972723f5e8b6dce9c2ca954dc28fcf3c285d2ffcca7"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row"> <h2><div class="blackstandardsubhead font-size-l"> RELATED EVENT </div></h2> <article class="featured-science-instance-teaser-container node node--type-events node--view-mode-featured-science-instance-teaser"> <div class="flexItemImageThird"> <div class="image-and-photocredit-container"> <div class="field field--name-field-hero-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/modules/custom/nhlbi_blazy/images/clear.png" width="768" height="432" alt="Image of person sleeping." data-src="/sites/default/files/styles/16x9_crop/public/2024-05/SLEEP2024.jpg?h=7f0bdaef&itok=rkIAVvXf" class="b-lazy image-style-_6x9-crop" /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="flexTextWithImage flexItemText"> <div class="herobannertitle" > <a href="/events/2024/sleep-2024-associated-professional-sleep-societies-apsss-38th-annual-meeting" rel="bookmark"> <span>SLEEP 2024, the Associated Professional Sleep Societies (APSS)鈥檚 38th Annual Meeting</span> </a> </div> <div class="eventdatesLocationType"> <div class="eventDates"> <div class="fa-regular fa-calendar"></div> <div class="startEndDate"> June 1 - 5 , 2024 </div> </div> <span class="eventLocation"> <span class="fa-regular fa-location-dot"></span> <div class="field field--name-field-location field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">George R. 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