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Search results for: single case study
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text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: single case study</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55484</span> Accessing Single Parenting and Disabled Children: A Case Study of Ghana</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edwina%20Owusu%20Panin">Edwina Owusu Panin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Families may face significant obstacles as a result of single parenting and disabilities. The amenities and support those single parents need to give their children with disabilities the care they need are frequently out of their reach. These can include financial hardship, limited access to health and education, and social isolation. In addition, cultural attitudes toward disability can worsen these challenges, making it difficult for families to get the support and resources they need. Despite these challenges, many single parents have shown resilience and strength to overcome these difficulties and defend the rights of their children; some, too, have failed in taking care of their disabled children in Ghana. The study traces the developmental process of how single parents cope with disabled children. There is a discouraging fact that single father’s face a much more dreadful task in taking care of their disabled children in Ghana, which is later highlighted in the article. Additional research and support are needed to address the unique needs of families facing these challenges. This case study explores the experiences of single parents raising children with disabilities in Ghana. Using a qualitative approach, the study examines the challenges facing lone parents in caring for children, including access to healthcare, education and social support. In addition, the study examines the impact of cultural disability attitudes on the experiences of single parents and their children and what causes it in Ghana. Findings indicate that single parents in Ghana face significant challenges in accessing resources and support for their children and that cultural attitudes toward disability may aggravate these challenges. However, the study recommends the tenacity and strengths of how to create awareness, protect the welfare and also by encouraging single parents to face these challenges and protect the rights of their children, swaying away influences of bad cultural attitudes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disability" title="disability">disability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20parenting" title=" single parenting"> single parenting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20study" title=" case study"> case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessing" title=" assessing"> assessing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170496/accessing-single-parenting-and-disabled-children-a-case-study-of-ghana" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170496.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55483</span> Number of Parameters of Anantharam's Model with Single-Input Single-Output Case</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazuyoshi%20Mori">Kazuyoshi Mori</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we consider the parametrization of Anantharam’s model within the framework of the factorization approach. In the parametrization, we investigate the number of required parameters of Anantharam’s model. We consider single-input single-output systems in this paper. By the investigation, we find three cases that are (1) there exist plants which require only one parameter and (2) two parameters, and (3) the number of parameters is at most three. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20systems" title="linear systems">linear systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parametrization" title=" parametrization"> parametrization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coprime%20factorization" title=" coprime factorization"> coprime factorization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=number%20of%20parameters" title=" number of parameters"> number of parameters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59401/number-of-parameters-of-anantharams-model-with-single-input-single-output-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59401.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">214</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55482</span> Electrocatalytic Enhancement Mechanism of Dual-Atom and Single-Atom MXenes-Based Catalyst in Oxygen and Hydrogen Evolution Reactions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xin%20Zhao.%20Xuerong%20Zheng.%20Andrey%20L.%20Rogach">Xin Zhao. Xuerong Zheng. Andrey L. Rogach</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using single metal atoms has been considered an efficient way to develop new HER and OER catalysts. MXenes, a class of two-dimensional materials, have attracted tremendous interest as promising substrates for single-atom metal catalysts. However, there is still a lack of systematic investigations on the interaction mechanisms between various MXenes substrates and single atoms. Besides, due to the poor interaction between metal atoms and substrates resulting in low loading and stability, dual-atom MXenes-based catalysts have not been successfully synthesized. We summarized the electrocatalytic enhancement mechanism of three MXenes-based single-atom catalysts through experimental and theoretical results demonstrating the stronger hybridization between Co 3d and surface-terminated O 2p orbitals, optimizing the electronic structure of Co single atoms in the composite. This, in turn, lowers the OER and HER energy barriers and accelerates the catalytic kinetics in the case of the Co@V2CTx composite. The poor interaction between single atoms and substrates can be improved by a surface modification to synthesize dual-atom catalysts. The synergistic electronic structure enhances the stability and electrocatalytic activity of the catalyst. Our study provides guidelines for designing single-atom and dual-atom MXene-based electrocatalysts and sheds light on the origins of the catalytic activity of single-atoms on MXene substrates. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual-atom%20catalyst" title="dual-atom catalyst">dual-atom catalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single-atom%20catalyst" title=" single-atom catalyst"> single-atom catalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MXene%20substrates" title=" MXene substrates"> MXene substrates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20splitting" title=" water splitting"> water splitting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167235/electrocatalytic-enhancement-mechanism-of-dual-atom-and-single-atom-mxenes-based-catalyst-in-oxygen-and-hydrogen-evolution-reactions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167235.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55481</span> Public Interest Law for Gender Equality: An Exploratory Study of the 'Single Woman Reproductive Rights' Movement in China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaofei%20Zhu">Xiaofei Zhu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As a 'weapon of the weak', the Public Interest Law can provide a better perspective for the cause of gender justice. In recent years, the legal practice of single female reproductive rights in China has already possessed the elements of public interest law activities and the possibility of public interest law operation. Through the general operating procedures of public interest law practice, that is, from the choice of subject, the planning of the case, the operation of the strategy and the later development, the paper analyzes the gains and losses of the legal practice of single female reproductive rights in China, and puts forward some ideas on its possible operation path. On this basis, it is believed that the cause of women's rights should be carried out under the broad human rights perspective; it is necessary to realize the particularity of different types of women's rights protection practice; the practice of public interest law needs to accurately grasp the constituent elements of all aspects of the case, and strive to find the opportunities of institutional and social change; the practice of public welfare law of gender justice should be carried out from a long-term perspective. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20women%E2%80%99s%20reproductive%20rights" title="single women’s reproductive rights">single women’s reproductive rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20interest%20law" title=" public interest law"> public interest law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20justice" title=" gender justice"> gender justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legal%20strategies" title=" legal strategies"> legal strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legal%20change" title=" legal change"> legal change</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120313/public-interest-law-for-gender-equality-an-exploratory-study-of-the-single-woman-reproductive-rights-movement-in-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120313.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55480</span> The Effects of Self-Graphing on the Reading Fluency of an Elementary Student with Learning Disabilities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthias%20Gr%C3%BCnke">Matthias Grünke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this single-case study, we evaluated the effects of a self-graphing intervention to help students improve their reading fluency. Our participant was a 10-year-old girl with a suspected learning disability in reading. We applied an ABAB reversal design to test the efficacy of our approach. The dependent measure was the number of correctly read words from a children’s book within five minutes. Our participant recorded her daily performance using a simple line diagram. Results indicate that her reading rate improved simultaneously with the intervention and dropped as soon as the treatment was suspended. The findings give reasons for optimism that our simple strategy can be a very effective tool in supporting students with learning disabilities to boost their reading fluency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single-case%20study" title="single-case study">single-case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20disabilities" title=" learning disabilities"> learning disabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elementary%20education" title=" elementary education"> elementary education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reading%20problems" title=" reading problems"> reading problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reading%20fluency" title=" reading fluency"> reading fluency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160399/the-effects-of-self-graphing-on-the-reading-fluency-of-an-elementary-student-with-learning-disabilities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160399.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55479</span> Wind Turbine Powered Car Uses 3 Single Big C-Section Blades</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Youssef">K. Youssef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%87.%20H%C3%BCseyin"> Ç. Hüseyin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The blades of a wind turbine have the most important job of any wind turbine component; they must capture the wind and convert it into usable mechanical energy. The objective of this work is to determine the mechanical power of single big C-section of vertical wind turbine for wind car in a two-dimensional model. The wind car has a vertical axis with 3 single big C-section blades mounted at an angle of 120°. Moreover, the three single big C-section blades are directly connected to wheels by using various kinds of links. Gears are used to convert the wind energy to mechanical energy to overcome the load exercised on the main shaft under low speed. This work allowed a comparison of drag characteristics and the mechanical power between the single big C-section blades with the previous work on 3 C-section and 3 double C-section blades for wind car. As a result obtained from the flow chart the torque and power curves of each case study are illustrated and compared with each other. In particular, drag force and torque acting on each types of blade was taken at an airflow speed of 4 m/s, and an angular velocity of 13.056 rad/s. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blade" title="blade">blade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vertical%20wind%20turbine" title=" vertical wind turbine"> vertical wind turbine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drag%20characteristics" title=" drag characteristics"> drag characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20power" title=" mechanical power"> mechanical power</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16229/wind-turbine-powered-car-uses-3-single-big-c-section-blades" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16229.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">518</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55478</span> Adopting a Stakeholder Perspective to Profile Successful Sustainable Circular Business Approaches: A Single Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charleen%20von%20Kolpinski">Charleen von Kolpinski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karina%20Cagarman"> Karina Cagarman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alina%20Blaute"> Alina Blaute</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The circular economy concept is often framed by politicians, scientists and practitioners as being the solution to sustainability problems of our times. However, the focus of these discussions and publications is very often set on environmental and economic aspects. In contrast, the social dimension of sustainability has been neglected and only a few recent and mostly conceptual studies targeted the inclusion of social aspects and the SDGs into circular economy research. All stakeholders of this new circular system have to be included to represent a truly sustainable solution to all the environmental, economic and social challenges caused by the linear economic system. Hence, this empirical research aims to analyse, next to the environmental and economic dimension, also explicitly the social dimension of a sustainable circular business model. This inductive and explorative approach applies the single case study method. A multi-stakeholder view is adopted to shed light on social aspects of the circular business model. Different stakeholder views, tensions between stakeholders and conflicts of interest are detected. In semi-structured interviews with different stakeholders of the company, this study compares the different stakeholder views to profile the success factors of its business model in terms of sustainability implementation and to detect its shortcomings. These findings result in the development of propositions which cover different social aspects of sustainable circular business model implementation. This study is an answer to calls for future empirical research about the social dimension of the circular economy and contributes to sustainable business model thinking in entrepreneurial contexts of the circular economy. It helps identifying all relevant stakeholders and their needs to successfully and inclusively implement a sustainable circular business model. The method of a single case study has some limitations by nature as it only covers one enterprise with its special business model. Therefore, more empirical studies are needed to research sustainable circular business models from multiple stakeholder perspectives, in different countries and industries. Future research can build upon the developed propositions of this study and develop hypotheses to be tested. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20economy" title="circular economy">circular economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20case%20study" title=" single case study"> single case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20dimension" title=" social dimension"> social dimension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20circular%20business%20model" title=" sustainable circular business model"> sustainable circular business model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143949/adopting-a-stakeholder-perspective-to-profile-successful-sustainable-circular-business-approaches-a-single-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143949.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55477</span> Gaussian Operations with a Single Trapped Ion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bruna%20G.%20M.%20Ara%C3%BAjo">Bruna G. M. Araújo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20M.%20M.%20Q.%20Cruz"> Pedro M. M. Q. Cruz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this letter, we review the literature of the major concepts that govern Gaussian quantum information. As we work with quantum information and computation with continuous variables, Gaussian states are needed to better describe these systems. Analyzing a single ion locked in a Paul trap we use the interaction picture to obtain a toolbox of Gaussian operations with the ion-laser interaction Hamiltionian. This is achieved exciting the ion through the combination of two lasers of distinct frequencies corresponding to different sidebands of the external degrees of freedom. First we study the case of a trap with 1 mode and then the case with 2 modes. In this way, we achieve different continuous variables gates just by changing the external degrees of freedom of the trap and combining the Hamiltonians of blue and red sidebands. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20trap" title="Paul trap">Paul trap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ion-laser%20interaction" title=" ion-laser interaction"> ion-laser interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gaussian%20operations" title=" Gaussian operations"> Gaussian operations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18445/gaussian-operations-with-a-single-trapped-ion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18445.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">685</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55476</span> Location Quotient Analysis: Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Habib%20A.%20Rahmati">Seyed Habib A. Rahmati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Hasan%20Sadeghpour"> Mohamad Hasan Sadeghpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parsa%20Fallah%20Sheikhlari"> Parsa Fallah Sheikhlari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Location quotient (LQ) is a comparison technique that represents emphasized economic structure of single zone versus the standard area to identify specialty for every zone. In another words, the exact calculation of this metric can show the main core competencies and critical capabilities of an area to the decision makers. This research focus on the exact calculation of the LQ for an Iranian Province called Qazvin and within a case study introduces LQ of the capable industries of Qazvin. Finally, through different graphs and tables, it creates an opportunity to compare the recognized capabilities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=location%20quotient" title="location quotient">location quotient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20study" title=" case study"> case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=province%20analysis" title=" province analysis"> province analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=core%20competency" title=" core competency"> core competency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35805/location-quotient-analysis-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35805.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">655</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55475</span> Investigating Breakdowns in Human Robot Interaction: A Conversation Analysis Guided Single Case Study of a Human-Robot Communication in a Museum Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Arend">B. Arend</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Sunnen"> P. Sunnen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Caire"> P. Caire</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In a single case study, we show how a conversation analysis (CA) approach can shed light onto the sequential unfolding of human-robot interaction. Relying on video data, we are able to show that CA allows us to investigate the respective turn-taking systems of humans and a NAO robot in their dialogical dynamics, thus pointing out relevant differences. Our fine grained video analysis points out occurring breakdowns and their overcoming, when humans and a NAO-robot engage in a multimodally uttered multi-party communication during a sports guessing game. Our findings suggest that interdisciplinary work opens up the opportunity to gain new insights into the challenging issues of human robot communication in order to provide resources for developing mechanisms that enable complex human-robot interaction (HRI). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20robot%20interaction" title="human robot interaction">human robot interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conversation%20analysis" title=" conversation analysis"> conversation analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dialogism" title=" dialogism"> dialogism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breakdown" title=" breakdown"> breakdown</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=museum" title=" museum"> museum</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60248/investigating-breakdowns-in-human-robot-interaction-a-conversation-analysis-guided-single-case-study-of-a-human-robot-communication-in-a-museum-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60248.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">305</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55474</span> Open Data for e-Governance: Case Study of Bangladesh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sami%20Kabir">Sami Kabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadek%20Hossain%20Khoka"> Sadek Hossain Khoka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Open Government Data (OGD) refers to all data produced by government which are accessible in reusable way by common people with access to Internet and at free of cost. In line with “Digital Bangladesh” vision of Bangladesh government, the concept of open data has been gaining momentum in the country. Opening all government data in digital and customizable format from single platform can enhance e-governance which will make government more transparent to the people. This paper presents a well-in-progress case study on OGD portal by Bangladesh Government in order to link decentralized data. The initiative is intended to facilitate e-service towards citizens through this one-stop web portal. The paper further discusses ways of collecting data in digital format from relevant agencies with a view to making it publicly available through this single point of access. Further, possible layout of this web portal is presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-governance" title="e-governance">e-governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=one-stop%20web%20portal" title=" one-stop web portal"> one-stop web portal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20government%20data" title=" open government data"> open government data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reusable%20data" title=" reusable data"> reusable data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=web%20of%20data" title=" web of data"> web of data</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54816/open-data-for-e-governance-case-study-of-bangladesh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54816.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55473</span> Single Valued Neutrosophic Hesitant Fuzzy Rough Set and Its Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20M.%20Alsager">K. M. Alsager</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20O.%20Alshehri"> N. O. Alshehri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we proposed the notion of single valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy rough set, by combining single valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy set and rough set. The combination of single valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy set and rough set is a powerful tool for dealing with uncertainty, granularity and incompleteness of knowledge in information systems. We presented both definition and some basic properties of the proposed model. Finally, we gave a general approach which is applied to a decision making problem in disease diagnoses, and demonstrated the effectiveness of the approach by a numerical example. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20valued%20neutrosophic%20fuzzy%20set" title="single valued neutrosophic fuzzy set">single valued neutrosophic fuzzy set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20valued%20neutrosophic%20fuzzy%20hesitant%20set" title=" single valued neutrosophic fuzzy hesitant set"> single valued neutrosophic fuzzy hesitant set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rough%20set" title=" rough set"> rough set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20valued%20neutrosophic%20hesitant%20fuzzy%20rough%20set" title=" single valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy rough set"> single valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy rough set</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104161/single-valued-neutrosophic-hesitant-fuzzy-rough-set-and-its-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104161.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">272</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55472</span> Multi-Criteria Test Case Selection Using Ant Colony Optimization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niranjana%20Devi%20N.">Niranjana Devi N.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Test case selection is to select the subset of only the fit test cases and remove the unfit, ambiguous, redundant, unnecessary test cases which in turn improve the quality and reduce the cost of software testing. Test cases optimization is the problem of finding the best subset of test cases from a pool of the test cases to be audited. It will meet all the objectives of testing concurrently. But most of the research have evaluated the fitness of test cases only on single parameter fault detecting capability and optimize the test cases using a single objective. In the proposed approach, nine parameters are considered for test case selection and the best subset of parameters for test case selection is obtained using Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Rough Set. Test case selection is done in two stages. The first stage is the fuzzy entropy-based filtration technique, used for estimating and reducing the ambiguity in test case fitness evaluation and selection. The second stage is the ant colony optimization-based wrapper technique with a forward search strategy, employed to select test cases from the reduced test suite of the first stage. The results are evaluated using the Coverage parameters, Precision, Recall, F-Measure, APSC, APDC, and SSR. The experimental evaluation demonstrates that by this approach considerable computational effort can be avoided. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ant%20colony%20optimization" title="ant colony optimization">ant colony optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20entropy" title=" fuzzy entropy"> fuzzy entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interval%20type-2%20fuzzy%20rough%20set" title=" interval type-2 fuzzy rough set"> interval type-2 fuzzy rough set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test%20case%20selection" title=" test case selection"> test case selection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30870/multi-criteria-test-case-selection-using-ant-colony-optimization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30870.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">668</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55471</span> A Case of Umbilical Arterial Atresia in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caixiu%20Pu">Caixiu Pu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhen%20Chen"> Zhen Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We present the rare case of umbilical arterial atresia, leading to a good outcome and provide clinical and pathological findings. A 27-year-old nulliparous first gravida with PGDM was found single umbilical artery(SUA) by routine ultrasound san at 30 weeeks of gestation. Fetal status was monitored weekly. A healthy male newborn was delivered by cesarean section at 39 weeks. The umbilical cord was overly twisted and no thrombus was found along the whole diseased vessel. The cause of umbilical arterial atresia was unclear, and the correct diagnosis was a challenge. Expected clinical management was recommended, in which sonographic diagnosis may play a very important part. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pregnancy" title="pregnancy">pregnancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20umbilical%20artery" title=" single umbilical artery"> single umbilical artery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=umbilical%20arterial%20atresia" title=" umbilical arterial atresia"> umbilical arterial atresia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20diagnosis" title=" prenatal diagnosis"> prenatal diagnosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187319/a-case-of-umbilical-arterial-atresia-in-the-third-trimester-of-pregnancy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187319.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">31</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55470</span> Number of Parametrization of Discrete-Time Systems without Unit-Delay Element: Single-Input Single-Output Case</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazuyoshi%20Mori">Kazuyoshi Mori</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we consider the parametrization of the discrete-time systems without the unit-delay element within the framework of the factorization approach. In the parametrization, we investigate the number of required parameters. We consider single-input single-output systems in this paper. By the investigation, we find, on the discrete-time systems without the unit-delay element, three cases that are (1) there exist plants which require only one parameter and (2) two parameters, and (3) the number of parameters is at most three. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factorization%20approach" title="factorization approach">factorization approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete-time%20system" title=" discrete-time system"> discrete-time system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parameterization%20of%20stabilizing%20controllers" title=" parameterization of stabilizing controllers"> parameterization of stabilizing controllers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20without%20unit-delay" title=" system without unit-delay"> system without unit-delay</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74319/number-of-parametrization-of-discrete-time-systems-without-unit-delay-element-single-input-single-output-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74319.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55469</span> Exemplary Practice: A Case Study of One of New Zealand’s Most Successful Enterprise Education Teachers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kerry%20Lee">Kerry Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many teachers are experienced; however, experience doesn’t necessarily equate to excellence. Excellence in teaching is the single most powerful influence on student achievement. This case study investigates the practices of one of the nation’s most acknowledged teachers in enterprise education. In a number of semi-structured interviews and observational visits, this remote regional teacher talked freely about what skills and strategies she used to achieve this success. It is anticipated these findings will help others to support students to gain greater success (in whatever form that may take). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expert%20teacher" title="expert teacher">expert teacher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enterprise%20education" title=" enterprise education"> enterprise education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=excellence" title=" excellence"> excellence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skills%20and%20strategies" title=" skills and strategies"> skills and strategies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154414/exemplary-practice-a-case-study-of-one-of-new-zealands-most-successful-enterprise-education-teachers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154414.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55468</span> 3 Dimensions Finite Element Analysis of Tunnel-Pile Interaction Scenarios Using Abaqus Software</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haitham%20J.%20M.%20Odeh">Haitham J. M. Odeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper introduced an analysis of the effect of tunneling near pile foundations. Accomplished by three-dimensional finite element modeling. The numerical simulation is conducted using Abaqus finite element software. By examining different Tunnel-pile scenarios. The paper presents the tunnel induced pile responses, Such as pile settlement, pile internal forces, and the comments made on changing the vertical and transversal location of the tunnel related to the piles, the study contains two pile-supported structure cases, single and a group of piles. A comprehensive comparison between real case study results and numerical simulation is presented. The results of the analysis reveal the critical and safe location of tunnel construction and the positive effect of a group of piles existing instead of single piles. Also, demonstrates the changes in pile responses by changing the tunnel location. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pile%20responses" title="pile responses">pile responses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20pile" title=" single pile"> single pile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=group%20of%20piles" title=" group of piles"> group of piles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pile-tunnel%20interaction" title=" pile-tunnel interaction"> pile-tunnel interaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151131/3-dimensions-finite-element-analysis-of-tunnel-pile-interaction-scenarios-using-abaqus-software" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151131.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55467</span> A Performance Study of Fixed, Single-Axis and Dual-Axis Photovoltaic Systems in Kuwait </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Al-Rashidi">A. Al-Rashidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20El-Hamalawi"> A. El-Hamalawi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a performance study was conducted to investigate single and dual-axis PV systems to generate electricity in five different sites in Kuwait. Relevant data were obtained by using two sources for validation purposes. A commercial software, PVsyst, was used to analyse the data, such as metrological data and other input parameters, and compute the performance parameters such as capacity factor (CF) and final yield (YF). The results indicated that single and dual-axis PV systems would be very beneficial to electricity generation in Kuwait as an alternative source to conventional power plants, especially with the increased demand over time. The ranges were also found to be competitive in comparison to leading countries using similar systems. A significant increase in CF and YF values around 24% and 28.8% was achieved related to the use of single and dual systems, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single-axis%20and%20dual-axis%20photovoltaic%20systems" title="single-axis and dual-axis photovoltaic systems">single-axis and dual-axis photovoltaic systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacity%20factor" title=" capacity factor"> capacity factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=final%20yield" title=" final yield"> final yield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuwait" title=" Kuwait"> Kuwait</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48794/a-performance-study-of-fixed-single-axis-and-dual-axis-photovoltaic-systems-in-kuwait" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48794.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55466</span> Study of the Effect of the Contra-Rotating Component on the Performance of the Centrifugal Compressor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Van%20Thang%20Nguyen">Van Thang Nguyen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amelie%20Danlos"> Amelie Danlos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20Paridaens"> Richard Paridaens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farid%20Bakir"> Farid Bakir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article presents a study of the effect of a contra-rotating component on the efficiency of centrifugal compressors. A contra-rotating centrifugal compressor (CRCC) is constructed using two independent rotors, rotating in the opposite direction and replacing the single rotor of a conventional centrifugal compressor (REF). To respect the geometrical parameters of the REF one, two rotors of the CRCC are designed, based on a single rotor geometry, using the hub and shroud length ratio parameter of the meridional contour. Firstly, the first rotor is designed by choosing a value of length ratio. Then, the second rotor is calculated to be adapted to the fluid flow of the first rotor according aerodynamics principles. In this study, four values of length ratios 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6 are used to create four configurations CF1, CF2, CF3, and CF4 respectively. For comparison purpose, the circumferential velocity at the outlet of the REF and the CRCC are preserved, which means that the single rotor of the REF and the second rotor of the CRCC rotate with the same speed of 16000rpm. The speed of the first rotor in this case is chosen to be equal to the speed of the second rotor. The CFD simulation is conducted to compare the performance of the CRCC and the REF with the same boundary conditions. The results show that the configuration with a higher length ratio gives higher pressure rise. However, its efficiency is lower. An investigation over the entire operating range shows that the CF1 is the best configuration in this case. In addition, the CRCC can improve the pressure rise as well as the efficiency by changing the speed of each rotor independently. The results of changing the first rotor speed show with a 130% speed increase, the pressure ratio rises of 8.7% while the efficiency remains stable at the flow rate of the design operating point. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=centrifugal%20compressor" title="centrifugal compressor">centrifugal compressor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contra-rotating" title=" contra-rotating"> contra-rotating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interaction%20rotor" title=" interaction rotor"> interaction rotor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vacuum" title=" vacuum"> vacuum</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105648/study-of-the-effect-of-the-contra-rotating-component-on-the-performance-of-the-centrifugal-compressor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105648.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55465</span> Performance of Axially Loaded Single Pile Embedded in Cohesive Soil with Cavities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20A.%20Al-Jazaairry">Ali A. Al-Jazaairry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahsin%20T.%20Sabbagh"> Tahsin T. Sabbagh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The stability of a single model pile located adjacent to a continuous cavity was studied. This paper is an attempt to understand the behaviour of axially loaded single pile embedded in clayey soil with the presences of cavities. The performance of piles located in such soils was studied analytically. A verification analysis was carried out on available studies to assess the ability of analytical model to correctly interpret the system behaviour. The study was adopted by finite element program (PLAXIS). The study included many cases; in each case, there is a critical value in which the presence of cavities has shown minimum effect on the pile performance. Figures including the load carrying capacity of pile with the affecting factors are presented. These figures provide beneficial information for pile design constructed close to underground cavities. It was concluded that the load carrying capacity of the pile is reduced by the presence of the cavity within the soil mass. This reduction varies according to the size and location of cavity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axial%20load" title="axial load">axial load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cavity" title=" cavity"> cavity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay" title=" clay"> clay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pile" title=" pile"> pile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultimate%20capacity" title=" ultimate capacity"> ultimate capacity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61176/performance-of-axially-loaded-single-pile-embedded-in-cohesive-soil-with-cavities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61176.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55464</span> Determining the Number of Single Models in a Combined Forecast</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serkan%20Aras">Serkan Aras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emrah%20Gulay"> Emrah Gulay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Combining various forecasting models is an important tool for researchers to attain more accurate forecasts. A great number of papers have shown that selecting single models as dissimilar models, or methods based on different information as possible leads to better forecasting performances. However, there is not a certain rule regarding the number of single models to be used in any combining methods. This study focuses on determining the optimal or near optimal number for single models with the help of statistical tests. An extensive experiment is carried out by utilizing some well-known time series data sets from diverse fields. Furthermore, many rival forecasting methods and some of the commonly used combining methods are employed. The obtained results indicate that some statistically significant performance differences can be found regarding the number of the single models in the combining methods under investigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combined%20forecast" title="combined forecast">combined forecast</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forecasting" title=" forecasting"> forecasting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M-competition" title=" M-competition"> M-competition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20series" title=" time series"> time series</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40361/determining-the-number-of-single-models-in-a-combined-forecast" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40361.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55463</span> Investigating the Neural Heterogeneity of Developmental Dyscalculia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fengjuan%20Wang">Fengjuan Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azilawati%20Jamaludin"> Azilawati Jamaludin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Developmental Dyscalculia (DD) is defined as a particular learning difficulty with continuous challenges in learning requisite math skills that cannot be explained by intellectual disability or educational deprivation. Recent studies have increasingly recognized that DD is a heterogeneous, instead of monolithic, learning disorder with not only cognitive and behavioral deficits but so too neural dysfunction. In recent years, neuroimaging studies employed group comparison to explore the neural underpinnings of DD, which contradicted the heterogenous nature of DD and may obfuscate critical individual differences. This research aimed to investigate the neural heterogeneity of DD using case studies with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). A total of 54 aged 6-7 years old of children participated in this study, comprising two comprehensive cognitive assessments, an 8-minute resting state, and an 8-minute one-digit addition task. Nine children met the criteria of DD and scored at or below 85 (i.e., the 16th percentile) on the Mathematics or Math Fluency subtest of the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test, Third Edition (WIAT-III) (both subtest scores were 90 and below). The remaining 45 children formed the typically developing (TD) group. Resting-state data and brain activation in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), superior frontal gyrus (SFG), and intraparietal sulcus (IPS) were collected for comparison between each case and the TD group. Graph theory was used to analyze the brain network under the resting state. This theory represents the brain network as a set of nodes--brain regions—and edges—pairwise interactions across areas to reveal the architectural organizations of the nervous network. Next, a single-case methodology developed by Crawford et al. in 2010 was used to compare each case’s brain network indicators and brain activation against 45 TD children’s average data. Results showed that three out of the nine DD children displayed significant deviation from TD children’s brain indicators. Case 1 had inefficient nodal network properties. Case 2 showed inefficient brain network properties and weaker activation in the IFG and IPS areas. Case 3 displayed inefficient brain network properties with no differences in activation patterns. As a rise above, the present study was able to distill differences in architectural organizations and brain activation of DD vis-à-vis TD children using fNIRS and single-case methodology. Although DD is regarded as a heterogeneous learning difficulty, it is noted that all three cases showed lower nodal efficiency in the brain network, which may be one of the neural sources of DD. Importantly, although the current “brain norm” established for the 45 children is tentative, the results from this study provide insights not only for future work in “developmental brain norm” with reliable brain indicators but so too the viability of single-case methodology, which could be used to detect differential brain indicators of DD children for early detection and interventions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brain%20activation" title="brain activation">brain activation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brain%20network" title=" brain network"> brain network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20study" title=" case study"> case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20dyscalculia" title=" developmental dyscalculia"> developmental dyscalculia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20near-infrared%20spectroscopy" title=" functional near-infrared spectroscopy"> functional near-infrared spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graph%20theory" title=" graph theory"> graph theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20heterogeneity" title=" neural heterogeneity"> neural heterogeneity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167059/investigating-the-neural-heterogeneity-of-developmental-dyscalculia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167059.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">53</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55462</span> Study of Magnetic Nanoparticles’ Endocytosis in a Single Cell Level</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jefunnie%20Matahum">Jefunnie Matahum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Chi%20Kuo"> Yu-Chi Kuo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chao-Ming%20Su"> Chao-Ming Su</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tzong-Rong%20Ger"> Tzong-Rong Ger</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Magnetic cell labeling is of great importance in various applications in biomedical fields such as cell separation and cell sorting. Since analytical methods for quantification of cell uptake of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are already well established, image analysis on single cell level still needs more characterization. This study reports an alternative non-destructive quantification methods of single-cell uptake of positively charged MNPs. Magnetophoresis experiments were performed to calculate the number of MNPs in a single cell. Mobility of magnetic cells and the area of intracellular MNP stained by Prussian blue were quantified by image processing software. ICP-MS experiments were also performed to confirm the internalization of MNPs to cells. Initial results showed that the magnetic cells incubated at 100 µg and 50 µg MNPs/mL concentration move at 18.3 and 16.7 µm/sec, respectively. There is also an increasing trend in the number and area of intracellular MNP with increasing concentration. These results could be useful in assessing the nanoparticle uptake in a single cell level. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20nanoparticles" title="magnetic nanoparticles">magnetic nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20cell" title=" single cell"> single cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetophoresis" title=" magnetophoresis"> magnetophoresis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20analysis" title=" image analysis"> image analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66948/study-of-magnetic-nanoparticles-endocytosis-in-a-single-cell-level" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66948.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55461</span> Single Species vs Mixed Microbial Culture Degradation of Pesticide in a Membrane Bioreactor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karan%20R.%20Chavan">Karan R. Chavan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srivats%20Gopalan"> Srivats Gopalan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kumudini%20V.%20Marathe"> Kumudini V. Marathe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the current work, the comparison of degradation of malathion by single species, Pseudomonas Stutzeri, and Activated Sludge/Mixed Microbial Culture is studied in a Membrane Bioreactor. Various parameters were considered to study the effect of single species degradation compared to degradation by activated sludge. The experimental results revealed 85-90% reduction in the COD of the Malathion containing synthetic wastewater. Complete reduction of malathion was observed within 24 hours in both the cases. The critical flux was 10 LMH for both the systems. Fouling propensity, Cake and Membrane resistances were calculated thus giving an insight regarding the working of Membrane Bioreactor-based on single species and activated sludge. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fouling" title="fouling">fouling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20bioreactor" title=" membrane bioreactor"> membrane bioreactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20microbial%20culture" title=" mixed microbial culture"> mixed microbial culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20species" title=" single species"> single species</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46965/single-species-vs-mixed-microbial-culture-degradation-of-pesticide-in-a-membrane-bioreactor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46965.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55460</span> Study on the Work-Life Balance of Selected Working Single Mothers in the Coastal Community of La Huerta, Paranaque</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Idette%20Sheirina%20Biyo">Idette Sheirina Biyo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rhodora%20Lynn%20C.%20Lintag"> Rhodora Lynn C. Lintag</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores how the work-life balance of selected working single mothers situated in a coastal community is affecting their well-being. Working single mothers carry the responsibility of earning for their family while simultaneously exercising their motherhood. This study utilized a purposeful qualitative research through semi-structured interviews among ten working single mothers living in the coastal community of La Huerta, Parañaque in order to identify the following: a) experiences of the working single mothers, b) problems usually encountered, and c) how these problems are affecting their well-being. Dorothy Smith’s Feminist Standpoint theory is used as a theoretical lens in order to explain their work-life balance. Results have shown that despite their dual roles as the main income earners and heads of the households, they are not neglecting to care for their well-being. They consider getting sufficient rest, eating well, and going to church as forms of caring for their well-being. Other factors that affect their work-life balance include living arrangements, work hours, type of work, and income. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coastal%20community" title="coastal community">coastal community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=well-being" title=" well-being"> well-being</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work-life%20balance" title=" work-life balance"> work-life balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Working%20single%20mother" title=" Working single mother"> Working single mother</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86231/study-on-the-work-life-balance-of-selected-working-single-mothers-in-the-coastal-community-of-la-huerta-paranaque" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86231.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">204</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55459</span> Invisible and Visible Helpers in Negotiating Child Parenting by Single Mothers: A Comparative Analysis of South Africa and Germany</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maud%20Mthembu">Maud Mthembu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tanusha%20Raniga"> Tanusha Raniga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Boecker"> Michael Boecker</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In South Africa and Germany, countless number of children are raised by single mothers with little or no support from the biological fathers. As evidenced in literature, having an involved father living at home can have a positive influence in the life of a child and the mother can be supported in her role. Often single parenting is seen as a causative factor in numerous psychological and social challenges which are faced by children from single-parent households, which is an indication of a pathological lens of viewing single parenting. The empirical data from our study reveals that single mothers in formal employment experience social, economic and emotional hardships of parenting. However, a sense of determination to raise healthy and well-balanced children using economic and social capital accessible to them was one of the key findings. The participants reported visible and invisible sources of support which creates an enabling environment for them to negotiate the challenges of parenting without support from non-residence fathers. Using a qualitative paradigm, a total of twenty professional single mothers were interviewed in Germany and South Africa. Four key themes emerged from the data analysis namely; internal locus of control, positive new experiences, access to economic capital and dependable social support. This study suggests that single mothers who are economically self-reliant and have access to bonding social capital are able to cope with the demands of single parenting. Understanding this multi-dimensional experience of parenting by single parents in formal employment is important to advocate for supportive working conditions for mothers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20parenting" title="child parenting">child parenting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20protection" title=" child protection"> child protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20parenting" title=" single parenting"> single parenting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20capital" title=" social capital"> social capital</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100910/invisible-and-visible-helpers-in-negotiating-child-parenting-by-single-mothers-a-comparative-analysis-of-south-africa-and-germany" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100910.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55458</span> SCANet: A Workflow for Single-Cell Co-Expression Based Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mhaned%20Oubounyt">Mhaned Oubounyt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20Baumbach"> Jan Baumbach</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Differences in co-expression networks between two or multiple cells (sub)types across conditions is a pressing problem in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). A key challenge is to define those co-variations that differ between or among cell types and/or conditions and phenotypes to examine small regulatory networks that can explain mechanistic differences. To this end, we developed SCANet, an all-in-one Python package that uses state-of-the-art algorithms to facilitate the workflow of a combined single-cell GCN (Gene Correlation Network) and GRN (Gene Regulatory Networks) pipeline, including inference of gene co-expression modules from scRNA-seq, followed by trait and cell type associations, hub gene detection, co-regulatory networks, and drug-gene interactions. In an example case, we illustrate how SCANet can be applied to identify regulatory drivers behind a cytokine storm associated with mortality in patients with acute respiratory illness. SCANet is available as a free, open-source, and user-friendly Python package that can be easily integrated into systems biology pipelines. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single-cell" title="single-cell">single-cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-expression%20networks" title=" co-expression networks"> co-expression networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug-gene%20interactions" title=" drug-gene interactions"> drug-gene interactions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-regulatory%20networks" title=" co-regulatory networks"> co-regulatory networks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161853/scanet-a-workflow-for-single-cell-co-expression-based-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161853.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55457</span> A Hybrid Model of Goal, Integer and Constraint Programming for Single Machine Scheduling Problem with Sequence Dependent Setup Times: A Case Study in Aerospace Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Didem%20Can">Didem Can</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Scheduling problems are one of the most fundamental issues of production systems. Many different approaches and models have been developed according to the production processes of the parts and the main purpose of the problem. In this study, one of the bottleneck stations of a company serving in the aerospace industry is analyzed and considered as a single machine scheduling problem with sequence-dependent setup times. The objective of the problem is assigning a large number of similar parts to the same shift -to reduce chemical waste- while minimizing the number of tardy jobs. The goal programming method will be used to achieve two different objectives simultaneously. The assignment of parts to the shift will be expressed using the integer programming method. Finally, the constraint programming method will be used as it provides a way to find a result in a short time by avoiding worse resulting feasible solutions with the defined variables set. The model to be established will be tested and evaluated with real data in the application part. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constraint%20programming" title="constraint programming">constraint programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=goal%20programming" title=" goal programming"> goal programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integer%20programming" title=" integer programming"> integer programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sequence-dependent%20setup" title="sequence-dependent setup">sequence-dependent setup</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20machine%20scheduling" title=" single machine scheduling"> single machine scheduling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144504/a-hybrid-model-of-goal-integer-and-constraint-programming-for-single-machine-scheduling-problem-with-sequence-dependent-setup-times-a-case-study-in-aerospace-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144504.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">237</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55456</span> Single-Molecule Analysis of Structure and Dynamics in Polymer Materials by Super-Resolution Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiroyuki%20Aoki">Hiroyuki Aoki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The physical properties of polymer materials are dependent on the conformation and molecular motion of a polymer chain. Therefore, the structure and dynamic behavior of the single polymer chain have been the most important concerns in the field of polymer physics. However, it has been impossible to directly observe the conformation of the single polymer chain in a bulk medium. In the current work, the novel techniques to study the conformation and dynamics of a single polymer chain are proposed. Since a fluorescence method is extremely sensitive, the fluorescence microscopy enables the direct detection of a single molecule. However, the structure of the polymer chain as large as 100 nm cannot be resolved by conventional fluorescence methods because of the diffraction limit of light. In order to observe the single chains, we developed the labeling method of polymer materials with a photo-switchable dye and the super-resolution microscopy. The real-space conformational analysis of single polymer chains with the spatial resolution of 15-20 nm was achieved. The super-resolution microscopy enables us to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates; therefore, we succeeded the conformational analysis in three dimensions. The direct observation by the nanometric optical microscopy would reveal the detailed information on the molecular processes in the various polymer systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20materials" title="polymer materials">polymer materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20molecule" title=" single molecule"> single molecule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super-resolution%20techniques" title=" super-resolution techniques"> super-resolution techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conformation" title=" conformation"> conformation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57901/single-molecule-analysis-of-structure-and-dynamics-in-polymer-materials-by-super-resolution-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57901.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">305</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55455</span> High Efficiency ZPS-PWM Dual-Output Converters with EMI Reduction Method </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasunori%20Kobori">Yasunori Kobori</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nobukazu%20Tsukiji"> Nobukazu Tsukiji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nobukazu%20Takai"> Nobukazu Takai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haruo%20Kobayashi"> Haruo Kobayashi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we study a Pulse-WidthModulation (PWM) controlled Zero-Voltage-Switching (ZVS) for single-inductor dual-output (SIDO) converters. This method can meet the industry demands for high efficiency due to ZVS and small size and low cost, thanks to single-inductor per multiple voltages. We show the single inductor single-output (SISO) ZVS buck converter with its operation and simulation and then the experimental results. Next proposed ZVS-PWM controlled SIDO converters are explained in the simulation. Finally we have proposed EMI reduction method with spread spectrum. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DC-DC%20switching%20converter" title="DC-DC switching converter">DC-DC switching converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero-oltage%20switching%20control" title=" zero-oltage switching control"> zero-oltage switching control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single-inductor%20dual-output%20converter" title=" single-inductor dual-output converter"> single-inductor dual-output converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EMI%20reduction" title=" EMI reduction"> EMI reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spread%20spectrum" title=" spread spectrum"> spread spectrum</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31601/high-efficiency-zps-pwm-dual-output-converters-with-emi-reduction-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31601.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">497</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">‹</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20case%20study&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20case%20study&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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