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id="toc-1949_state_visit_to_the_United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Eurico Gaspar Dutra</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 38 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88_%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="يوريكو غاسبار دوترا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="يوريكو غاسبار دوترا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%94%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Еурику Гаспар Дутра – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Еурику Гаспар Дутра" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88_%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="ائوریکو گاسپار دوترا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ائوریکو گاسپار دوترا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8_%D7%93%D7%95%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%94" title="גספאר דוטרה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גספאר דוטרה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3_%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%93%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="ეურიკუ გასპარ დუტრა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ეურიკუ გასპარ დუტრა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henricus_Caspar_Dutra" title="Henricus Caspar Dutra – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Henricus Caspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B_%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0" title="യൂറിക്കോ ഗാസ്പർ ഡൂത്ര – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="യൂറിക്കോ ഗാസ്പർ ഡൂത്ര" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="युरिको गॅस्पर दुत्रा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="युरिको गॅस्पर दुत्रा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="يوريكو جاسبار دوترا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="يوريكو جاسبار دوترا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0,_%D0%AD%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Дутра, Эурику Гаспар – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дутра, Эурику Гаспар" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%83%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%94%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Еуріку Гаспар Дутра – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Еуріку Гаспар Дутра" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89" title="杜特拉 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="杜特拉" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%A4%E9%87%8C%E7%A7%91%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E6%96%AF%E5%B8%95%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%9D%9C%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89" title="尤里科·加斯帕尔·杜特拉 – Chinese" lang="zh" 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href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" class="extiw" title="pt:Eurico Gaspar Dutra">the corresponding article</a> in Portuguese</b>.  <i><small>(June 2013)</small></i> <small>Click [show] for important translation instructions.</small></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/translate?&u=https%3A%2F%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEurico_Gaspar_Dutra&sl=pt&tl=en&prev=_t&hl=en">View</a> a machine-translated version of the Portuguese article.</li> <li>Machine translation, like <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deepl.com">DeepL</a> or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/">Google Translate</a>, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English 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If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.</li> <li>You <b>must</b> provide <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_within_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Copying within Wikipedia">copyright attribution</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary" title="Help:Edit summary">edit summary</a> accompanying your translation by providing an <a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">interlanguage link</a> to the source of your translation. 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Eurico+Gaspar+Dutra%22">"Eurico Gaspar Dutra"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Eurico+Gaspar+Dutra%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Eurico+Gaspar+Dutra%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Eurico+Gaspar+Dutra%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Eurico+Gaspar+Dutra%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Eurico+Gaspar+Dutra%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2013</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_name" title="Portuguese name">Portuguese name</a>, the first or maternal <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">family name</a> is <i><a href="/wiki/Gaspar_(surname)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaspar (surname)">Gaspar</a></i> and the second or paternal family name is <i><a href="/wiki/Dutra_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Dutra (disambiguation)">Dutra</a></i>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Excellency" title="Excellency">His Excellency</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Eurico Dutra</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:GASPARDUTRA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/GASPARDUTRA.jpg/220px-GASPARDUTRA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/GASPARDUTRA.jpg/330px-GASPARDUTRA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/GASPARDUTRA.jpg/440px-GASPARDUTRA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1055" data-file-height="1574" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait, 1946</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">16th <a href="/wiki/President_of_Brazil" title="President of Brazil">President of Brazil</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />31 January 1946 – 31 January 1951</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Brazil" title="Vice President of Brazil">Vice President</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data">None <span class="nowrap">(Jan–Sep 1946)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Nereu_Ramos" title="Nereu Ramos">Nereu Ramos</a> <span class="nowrap">(1946–1951)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Linhares" title="José Linhares">José Linhares</a> (acting)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Get%C3%BAlio_Vargas" title="Getúlio Vargas">Getúlio Vargas</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_War_(Brazil)" title="Ministry of War (Brazil)">Minister of War</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />5 December 1936 – 3 August 1945</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data">Getúlio Vargas</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">João Gomes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Aur%C3%A9lio_de_G%C3%B3is_Monteiro" title="Pedro Aurélio de Góis Monteiro">Góis Monteiro</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1883-05-18</span>)</span>18 May 1883<br /><a href="/wiki/Cuiab%C3%A1" title="Cuiabá">Cuiabá</a>, <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mato_Grosso" title="Mato Grosso">Mato Grosso</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Brazil" title="Empire of Brazil">Empire of Brazil</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">11 June 1974<span style="display:none">(1974-06-11)</span> (aged 91)<br /><a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guanabara_(state)" title="Guanabara (state)">Guanabara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Brazil,_1945%E2%80%9365)" class="mw-redirect" title="Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 1945–65)">PSD</a> (1945–1965)<br /><a href="/wiki/National_Renewal_Alliance" title="National Renewal Alliance">ARENA</a> (1965–1974)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Carmela Teles Leite</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1914; died 1947)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Military_School_of_Realengo" title="Military School of Realengo">Military School of Realengo</a><br />School of Artillery and Engineering<br /><a href="/wiki/Escola_de_Comando_e_Estado-Maior_do_Ex%C3%A9rcito" title="Escola de Comando e Estado-Maior do Exército">Army General Staff School</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Profession</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">military</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Politician" title="Politician">politician</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Eurico Gaspar Dutra's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra_Signature.svg/128px-Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra_Signature.svg/192px-Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra_Signature.svg/256px-Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="47" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Military service</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span data-sort-value="Brazil"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Brazil_%281960%E2%80%931968%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil_%281960%E2%80%931968%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Brazil_%281960%E2%80%931968%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil_%281960%E2%80%931968%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Brazil_%281960%E2%80%931968%29.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil_%281960%E2%80%931968%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="504" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Vargas_Era" title="Vargas Era">Brazil</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Branch/service</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Army" title="Brazilian Army">Brazilian Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1922–1974</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Marshal_(Brazil)" title="Marshal (Brazil)">Field Marshal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Commands</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist" style="margin-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;"> <ul><li>2nd Infantry Brigade <span class="nowrap">(1932–1933)</span></li> <li>Directorate of Military Aviation <span class="nowrap">(1933–1935)</span></li> <li>1st Infantry Brigade <span class="nowrap">(1935)</span></li> <li>1st Military Region <span class="nowrap">(1935–1936)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Battles/wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tenentism" title="Tenentism">Tenente Revolts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Copacabana_Fort_revolt" title="Copacabana Fort revolt">Copacabana Fort revolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Revolt_of_1924" title="São Paulo Revolt of 1924">São Paulo Revolt of 1924</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Revolution_of_1930" title="Brazilian Revolution of 1930">Brazilian Revolution of 1930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutionalist_Revolution" title="Constitutionalist Revolution">Constitutionalist Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_communist_uprising_of_1935" title="Brazilian communist uprising of 1935">Communist Uprising of 1935</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integralist_Uprising" title="Integralist Uprising">Integralist Uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage listen-center"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Reportagem_sobre_o_rompimento_das_rela%C3%A7%C3%B5es_diplom%C3%A1ticas_entre_o_Brasil_e_a_Uni%C3%A3o_Sovi%C3%A9tica_com_os_dicursos_do_presidente_da_Federa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Nacional_dos_Mar%C3%ADtimos_e_do_presidente_Dutra_parte_4.wav" title="File:Reportagem sobre o rompimento das relações diplomáticas entre o Brasil e a União Soviética com os dicursos do presidente da Federação Nacional dos Marítimos e do presidente Dutra parte 4.wav">Eurico Gaspar Dutra's voice</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="1016" data-mwtitle="Reportagem_sobre_o_rompimento_das_relações_diplomáticas_entre_o_Brasil_e_a_União_Soviética_com_os_dicursos_do_presidente_da_Federação_Nacional_dos_Marítimos_e_do_presidente_Dutra_parte_4.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3d/Reportagem_sobre_o_rompimento_das_rela%C3%A7%C3%B5es_diplom%C3%A1ticas_entre_o_Brasil_e_a_Uni%C3%A3o_Sovi%C3%A9tica_com_os_dicursos_do_presidente_da_Federa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Nacional_dos_Mar%C3%ADtimos_e_do_presidente_Dutra_parte_4.wav/Reportagem_sobre_o_rompimento_das_rela%C3%A7%C3%B5es_diplom%C3%A1ticas_entre_o_Brasil_e_a_Uni%C3%A3o_Sovi%C3%A9tica_com_os_dicursos_do_presidente_da_Federa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Nacional_dos_Mar%C3%ADtimos_e_do_presidente_Dutra_parte_4.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3d/Reportagem_sobre_o_rompimento_das_rela%C3%A7%C3%B5es_diplom%C3%A1ticas_entre_o_Brasil_e_a_Uni%C3%A3o_Sovi%C3%A9tica_com_os_dicursos_do_presidente_da_Federa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Nacional_dos_Mar%C3%ADtimos_e_do_presidente_Dutra_parte_4.wav/Reportagem_sobre_o_rompimento_das_rela%C3%A7%C3%B5es_diplom%C3%A1ticas_entre_o_Brasil_e_a_Uni%C3%A3o_Sovi%C3%A9tica_com_os_dicursos_do_presidente_da_Federa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Nacional_dos_Mar%C3%ADtimos_e_do_presidente_Dutra_parte_4.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Reportagem_sobre_o_rompimento_das_rela%C3%A7%C3%B5es_diplom%C3%A1ticas_entre_o_Brasil_e_a_Uni%C3%A3o_Sovi%C3%A9tica_com_os_dicursos_do_presidente_da_Federa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Nacional_dos_Mar%C3%ADtimos_e_do_presidente_Dutra_parte_4.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">Speech by Eurico Gaspar Dutra on the rupture of Brazilian diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union (recorded 1947)</div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Eurico Gaspar Dutra</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Portuguese:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pt-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Portuguese" title="Help:IPA/Portuguese">[ewˈɾiku<span class="wrap"> </span>ɡasˈpaʁ<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈdutɾɐ]</a></span>; 18 May 1883 – 11 June 1974) was a Brazilian military leader and politician who served as the 16th <a href="/wiki/President_of_Brazil" title="President of Brazil">president of Brazil</a> from 1946 to 1951. He was the first president of the <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Brazilian_Republic" title="Fourth Brazilian Republic">Fourth Brazilian Republic</a>, which followed the <a href="/wiki/Vargas_Era" title="Vargas Era">Vargas Regime</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dutra was born in <a href="/wiki/Cuiab%C3%A1" title="Cuiabá">Cuiabá</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mato_Grosso" title="Mato Grosso">Mato Grosso</a>. He later falsified his birth year to 1885, at age 19, so that he would have a physical compatible with the age, in order to facilitate his entry into the Army. He studied at the Preparatory and Tactical School of Rio Grande do Sul (1902–1904) and at the Military Academy of Brazil (Military School of ‘’Praia Vermelha’’ in Rio de Janeiro) in 1904, of which he was expelled for taking part in an uprising that same year, related to the <a href="/wiki/Vaccine_Revolt" title="Vaccine Revolt">Vaccine Revolt</a>, but pardoned, returned to school, now based in Realengo, completing the course in 1906. He was also a student of the School of War in Porto Alegre (1906), the School of Artillery and Engineering, where perfected in mechanics, ballistics and metallurgy (1908–1910), and the School of General Staff, where he graduated as the 1st in class and received the rare mention "très bien" (1922), acting shortly after, in the repression of the São Paulo Revolution of 1924. </p><p>Helped found the National Defense magazine in 1918, fought the uprising known as the "18 Fort" in 1922, in Rio de Janeiro, and participated, integrating the North Detachment, under the command of General Mena Barreto, of the fighting against an insurgency erupted in <a href="/wiki/Manaus" title="Manaus">Manaus</a> that radiated to <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%A1" title="Pará">Pará</a>. By having fought the <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Revolution_of_1930" title="Brazilian Revolution of 1930">Revolution of 1930</a>, he was sent to the command of the 11th Cavalry Independent Regiment in <a href="/wiki/Ponta_Por%C3%A3" title="Ponta Porã">Ponta Porã</a>. </p><p>Promoted to colonel, Dutra took command of the 4th Cavalry Divisional Regiment (1931–1933) in <a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%AAs_Cora%C3%A7%C3%B5es" title="Três Corações">Três Corações</a>, where he fought the <a href="/wiki/Constitutionalist_Revolution" title="Constitutionalist Revolution">Constitutionalist Revolution</a> in <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo_(state)" title="São Paulo (state)">São Paulo</a> in 1932. Defended the government of President <a href="/wiki/Washington_Lu%C3%ADs" title="Washington Luís">Washington Luís</a> against the rebels of 1930s, but already in 1932, fought the Constitutionalist Revolution in São Paulo. Appointed commander of the 1st Military Region (1935–1936), stood out in reaction to the <a href="/wiki/Uprising_of_35" class="mw-redirect" title="Uprising of 35">communist movement in 1935</a>, episode known as “Intentona Comunista”, occupying the post of <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_War_(Brazil)" title="Ministry of War (Brazil)">Minister of War</a> (1936–1945). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Minister_of_War">Minister of War</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Minister of War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During World War II, he was among the Brazilian military leaders who were against an alignment with allies and a deeper involvement of the country in the conflict. With, although modest, <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Expeditionary_Force" title="Brazilian Expeditionary Force">Brazil's participation in the war on the Allied side</a>, and the growing pressure from civil society for democratization of the country, Dutra formally adhered to the idea of the end of the regime that started in 1930, participating in the following deposition of Getúlio Vargas in October 1945, continuing the interventionist doctrine, practiced at the time by the <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_army" class="mw-redirect" title="Brazilian army">Brazilian army</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1945_election">1945 election</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1945 election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In this context, the deposed leader announced the following month his support for Dutra, the candidate of the Army, at the expense of the candidate of the <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Air_Force" title="Brazilian Air Force">Air Force</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Gomes" title="Eduardo Gomes">Eduardo Gomes</a>, in the elections that followed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Presidency">Presidency</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Presidency"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Presidency of Eurico Gaspar Dutra">Presidency of Eurico Gaspar Dutra</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Posse_de_Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra_como_Presidente_da_Rep%C3%BAblica.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Posse_de_Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra_como_Presidente_da_Rep%C3%BAblica.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Posse_de_Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra_como_Presidente_da_Rep%C3%BAblica.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Posse_de_Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra_como_Presidente_da_Rep%C3%BAblica.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Posse_de_Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra_como_Presidente_da_Rep%C3%BAblica.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Posse_de_Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra_como_Presidente_da_Rep%C3%BAblica.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Posse_de_Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra_como_Presidente_da_Rep%C3%BAblica.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2036" data-file-height="1454" /></a><figcaption>Dutra signs official documents during his inauguration as President of Brazil on 31 January 1946</figcaption></figure> <p>On 18 September 1946, the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Constitution_of_Brazil#Fifth_Constitution" title="History of the Constitution of Brazil">fifth constitution of Brazil</a> was enacted, marking the country's return to democratic rule. Later that year, the government created the Social Service of Industry (SESI) and Social Service of Commerce (SESC), and the General Staff, the future General Staff of the Armed Forces (EMFA). The same year, the president ordered the closing of casinos and prohibited gambling in the country. </p><p>In 1947, he registered the appointment of <a href="/wiki/Osvaldo_Aranha" class="mw-redirect" title="Osvaldo Aranha">Osvaldo Aranha</a> delegate of Brazil to the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations (UN)</a>, the forfeiture of the <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Communist_Party" title="Brazilian Communist Party">Brazilian Communist Party (PCB)</a>, breaking off diplomatic relations with the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union (USSR)</a> and achieved, in <a href="/wiki/Petr%C3%B3polis" title="Petrópolis">Petrópolis</a>, the Inter-American Conference of Peacekeeping and Security of the Continent, which was attended by the U.S. president, <a href="/wiki/Harry_Truman" class="mw-redirect" title="Harry Truman">Harry Truman</a>. Closer relations with the Americans was evidenced also in the formation of the Joint Commission Brazil-United States, known as Abbink Mission, headed by John Abbink and Minister Octavio Gouveia de Bouillon. Assignment was to diagnose the main problems of the Brazilian economy and, as a special recommendation, the use of external resources in the oil sector. </p><p>Still in 1947 was the intervention of the Ministry of Labour in many unions, continuing the guardianship of the state over union activities guaranteed by ordinance in 9.070 of March 1946, a regulation to limit the right to strike. </p><p>Concomitant with the union repression and <a href="/wiki/Incomes_policy" title="Incomes policy">wage restraint</a>, economic policy has gone through two phases: the former was liberal and sought to break with previous forms of intervention in the economy. However, imports of goods led to a rapid depletion of the country's foreign exchange reserves. In 1947, under the guidance of the <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund (IMF)</a> a second phase, in which the exchange control was retaken, kept the Brazilian cruzeiro at high levels compared to the U.S. currency. This policy discouraged exports, encouraging, on the other hand, the import of equipment, machinery and other inputs, excluding consumer goods, and favored the expansion of the manufacturing sector. </p><p>The development strategy of the government included the “Salte Plan”, named for an emphasis on Health, Food, Transportation and Energy. Proposed in 1947, it aimed at the management of public spending and investment in key sectors in the country but only began to receive funding from the budget in 1949, being forgotten in 1951. During this period measurements the country's economic growth by calculating the <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">Gross Domestic Product (GDP)</a> were first regularly published. The average annual growth of the Brazilian economy under his administration was 7.6%. </p><p>During the Dutra government construction of the hydroelectric plant of Paulo Afonso, Bahia, and the <a href="/wiki/Rodovia_Presidente_Dutra" title="Rodovia Presidente Dutra">President Dutra highway</a> linking <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio</a> to <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="São Paulo">São Paulo</a> was initiated. In October 1948 his government set up the Superior School of War (ESG), with American support. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life">Later life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Upon leaving the presidency, he remained active in politics until he ran again for president in the indirect <a href="/wiki/1964_Brazilian_presidential_election" title="1964 Brazilian presidential election">elections for president of 1964</a>. Facing a difficult election against military-backed General <a href="/wiki/Humberto_de_Alencar_Castelo_Branco" title="Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco">Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco</a>, Dutra received only 0.55% of the vote. </p><p>He died away from public life in Rio de Janeiro on 11 June 1974, at 91. His body was buried in the <a href="/wiki/Cemit%C3%A9rio_de_S%C3%A3o_Jo%C3%A3o_Batista" title="Cemitério de São João Batista">São João Batista Cemetery</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1949_state_visit_to_the_United_States">1949 state visit to the United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1949 state visit to the United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Photograph_of_President_Truman_and_Brazilian_President_Eurico_Dutra_standing_at_attention_with_other_dignitaries..._-_NARA_-_200121.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="President Dutra and U.S. President Harry S. Truman standing at attention with other dignitaries during welcoming ceremonies for Dutra in Washington, D.C., on May 18."><img alt="President Dutra and U.S. President Harry S. Truman standing at attention with other dignitaries during welcoming ceremonies for Dutra in Washington, D.C., on May 18." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Photograph_of_President_Truman_and_Brazilian_President_Eurico_Dutra_standing_at_attention_with_other_dignitaries..._-_NARA_-_200121.jpg/120px-Photograph_of_President_Truman_and_Brazilian_President_Eurico_Dutra_standing_at_attention_with_other_dignitaries..._-_NARA_-_200121.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Photograph_of_President_Truman_and_Brazilian_President_Eurico_Dutra_standing_at_attention_with_other_dignitaries..._-_NARA_-_200121.jpg/180px-Photograph_of_President_Truman_and_Brazilian_President_Eurico_Dutra_standing_at_attention_with_other_dignitaries..._-_NARA_-_200121.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Photograph_of_President_Truman_and_Brazilian_President_Eurico_Dutra_standing_at_attention_with_other_dignitaries..._-_NARA_-_200121.jpg/240px-Photograph_of_President_Truman_and_Brazilian_President_Eurico_Dutra_standing_at_attention_with_other_dignitaries..._-_NARA_-_200121.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2410" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">President Dutra and U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> standing at attention with other dignitaries during welcoming ceremonies for Dutra in Washington, D.C., on May 18.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Photograph_of_President_Truman_and_Brazilian_President_Eurico_Dutra_sampling_a_birthday_cake_decorated_with_Brazilian..._-_NARA_-_200122.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Presidents Dutra and Truman sampling a birthday cake decorated with Brazilian and U.S. flags."><img alt="Presidents Dutra and Truman sampling a birthday cake decorated with Brazilian and U.S. flags." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Photograph_of_President_Truman_and_Brazilian_President_Eurico_Dutra_sampling_a_birthday_cake_decorated_with_Brazilian..._-_NARA_-_200122.jpg/120px-Photograph_of_President_Truman_and_Brazilian_President_Eurico_Dutra_sampling_a_birthday_cake_decorated_with_Brazilian..._-_NARA_-_200122.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Photograph_of_President_Truman_and_Brazilian_President_Eurico_Dutra_sampling_a_birthday_cake_decorated_with_Brazilian..._-_NARA_-_200122.jpg/180px-Photograph_of_President_Truman_and_Brazilian_President_Eurico_Dutra_sampling_a_birthday_cake_decorated_with_Brazilian..._-_NARA_-_200122.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Photograph_of_President_Truman_and_Brazilian_President_Eurico_Dutra_sampling_a_birthday_cake_decorated_with_Brazilian..._-_NARA_-_200122.jpg/240px-Photograph_of_President_Truman_and_Brazilian_President_Eurico_Dutra_sampling_a_birthday_cake_decorated_with_Brazilian..._-_NARA_-_200122.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2410" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Presidents Dutra and Truman sampling a birthday cake decorated with Brazilian and U.S. flags.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Photograph_of_President_Eurico_Dutra_of_Brazil_(in_uniform)_with_two_other_dignitaries,_outside_the_George_Washington..._-_NARA_-_200124.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dutra (in uniform), outside the George Washington home at Mount Vernon, during his visit to the United States."><img alt="Dutra (in uniform), outside the George Washington home at Mount Vernon, during his visit to the United States." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Photograph_of_President_Eurico_Dutra_of_Brazil_%28in_uniform%29_with_two_other_dignitaries%2C_outside_the_George_Washington..._-_NARA_-_200124.jpg/97px-Photograph_of_President_Eurico_Dutra_of_Brazil_%28in_uniform%29_with_two_other_dignitaries%2C_outside_the_George_Washington..._-_NARA_-_200124.jpg" decoding="async" width="97" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Photograph_of_President_Eurico_Dutra_of_Brazil_%28in_uniform%29_with_two_other_dignitaries%2C_outside_the_George_Washington..._-_NARA_-_200124.jpg/146px-Photograph_of_President_Eurico_Dutra_of_Brazil_%28in_uniform%29_with_two_other_dignitaries%2C_outside_the_George_Washington..._-_NARA_-_200124.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Photograph_of_President_Eurico_Dutra_of_Brazil_%28in_uniform%29_with_two_other_dignitaries%2C_outside_the_George_Washington..._-_NARA_-_200124.jpg/195px-Photograph_of_President_Eurico_Dutra_of_Brazil_%28in_uniform%29_with_two_other_dignitaries%2C_outside_the_George_Washington..._-_NARA_-_200124.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2436" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Dutra (in uniform), outside the <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a> home at <a href="/wiki/Mount_Vernon" title="Mount Vernon">Mount Vernon</a>, during his visit to the United States.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Photograph_of_the_President_and_Mrs._Truman_with_President_Eurico_Dutra_of_Brazil_and_other_dignitaries,_during..._-_NARA_-_200119.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dutra, Truman, Mrs. Truman and other dignitaries at a state dinner."><img alt="Dutra, Truman, Mrs. Truman and other dignitaries at a state dinner." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Photograph_of_the_President_and_Mrs._Truman_with_President_Eurico_Dutra_of_Brazil_and_other_dignitaries%2C_during..._-_NARA_-_200119.jpg/120px-Photograph_of_the_President_and_Mrs._Truman_with_President_Eurico_Dutra_of_Brazil_and_other_dignitaries%2C_during..._-_NARA_-_200119.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Photograph_of_the_President_and_Mrs._Truman_with_President_Eurico_Dutra_of_Brazil_and_other_dignitaries%2C_during..._-_NARA_-_200119.jpg/180px-Photograph_of_the_President_and_Mrs._Truman_with_President_Eurico_Dutra_of_Brazil_and_other_dignitaries%2C_during..._-_NARA_-_200119.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Photograph_of_the_President_and_Mrs._Truman_with_President_Eurico_Dutra_of_Brazil_and_other_dignitaries%2C_during..._-_NARA_-_200119.jpg/240px-Photograph_of_the_President_and_Mrs._Truman_with_President_Eurico_Dutra_of_Brazil_and_other_dignitaries%2C_during..._-_NARA_-_200119.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2413" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Dutra, Truman, <a href="/wiki/Bess_Truman" title="Bess Truman">Mrs. Truman</a> and other dignitaries at a state dinner.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Boavin2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Americans greet Dutra with a gesture of welcome."><img alt="Americans greet Dutra with a gesture of welcome." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Boavin2.jpg/93px-Boavin2.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Boavin2.jpg/140px-Boavin2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Boavin2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="184" data-file-height="237" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Americans greet Dutra with a gesture of welcome.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMcCann2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Frank_D._McCann" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank D. McCann">McCann, Frank D.</a> (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xDep7jGaHPwC&dq=analogous+vargas+pedro+II+dutra+interventionist+army+mccann&pg=PA441"><i>Soldiers of the Pátria: A History of the Brazilian Army, 1889-1937</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University_Press" title="Stanford University Press">Stanford University Press</a>. p. 441. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0804732221" title="Special:BookSources/0804732221"><bdi>0804732221</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20240817025327/https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=xDep7jGaHPwC&dq=analogous+vargas+pedro+II+dutra+interventionist+army+mccann&pg=PA441&redir_esc=y%23v=onepage&q=analogous%20vargas%20pedro%20II%20dutra%20interventionist%20army%20mccann&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 17 August 2024 – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Soldiers+of+the+P%C3%A1tria%3A+A+History+of+the+Brazilian+Army%2C+1889-1937&rft.pages=441&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0804732221&rft.aulast=McCann&rft.aufirst=Frank+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxDep7jGaHPwC%26dq%3Danalogous%2Bvargas%2Bpedro%2BII%2Bdutra%2Binterventionist%2Barmy%2Bmccann%26pg%3DPA441&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEurico+Gaspar+Dutra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://purl.org/pressemappe20/folder/pe/004389">Newspaper clippings about Eurico Gaspar Dutra</a> in the <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Press_Archives" title="20th Century Press Archives">20th Century Press Archives</a> of the <a href="/wiki/German_National_Library_of_Economics" title="German National Library of Economics">ZBW</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #191970;">Civic offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Vitoriano_Aranha_da_Silva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Vitoriano Aranha da Silva (page does not exist)">José Vitoriano Aranha da Silva</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> President of the Military Club </b><br />1933–1934 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jo%C3%A3o_Guedes_da_Fontoura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="João Guedes da Fontoura (page does not exist)">João Guedes da Fontoura</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jo%C3%A3o_Gomes_Ribeiro_Filho&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="João Gomes Ribeiro Filho (page does not exist)">João Gomes Ribeiro Filho</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_War_(Brazil)" title="Ministry of War (Brazil)">Minister of War</a> </b><br />1936–1945 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Aur%C3%A9lio_de_G%C3%B3is_Monteiro" title="Pedro Aurélio de Góis Monteiro">Pedro Aurélio de Góis Monteiro</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Linhares" title="José Linhares">José Linhares</a> (acting)</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/President_of_Brazil" title="President of Brazil">President of Brazil</a> </b><br />1946–1951 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Get%C3%BAlio_Vargas" title="Getúlio Vargas">Getúlio Vargas</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 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title="President of Brazil">Presidents of Brazil</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/First_Brazilian_Republic" title="First Brazilian Republic">Old Republic</a><br />(1889–1930)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-top:.3em; padding-bottom:.6em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deodoro_da_Fonseca" title="Deodoro da Fonseca">Deodoro da Fonseca</a> (1889–1891) <b>¤</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floriano_Peixoto" title="Floriano Peixoto">Floriano Peixoto</a> (1891–1894)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prudente_de_Morais" title="Prudente de Morais">Prudente de Morais</a> (1894–1898)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Ferraz_de_Campos_Sales" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuel Ferraz de Campos Sales">Campos Sales</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Campos_Sales" title="Presidency of Campos Sales">1898–1902</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Paula_Rodrigues_Alves" title="Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves">Rodrigues Alves</a> (1902–1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afonso_Pena" title="Afonso Pena">Afonso Pena</a> (1906–1909) <b>†</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilo_Pe%C3%A7anha" title="Nilo Peçanha">Nilo Peçanha</a> (1909–1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes_da_Fonseca" title="Hermes da Fonseca">Hermes da Fonseca</a> (1910–1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venceslau_Br%C3%A1s" title="Venceslau Brás">Venceslau Brás</a> (1914–1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Paula_Rodrigues_Alves" title="Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves">Rodrigues Alves</a> (<i>never took office</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delfim_Moreira" title="Delfim Moreira">Delfim Moreira</a> (1918–1919) <b>‡</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epit%C3%A1cio_Pessoa" title="Epitácio Pessoa">Epitácio Pessoa</a> (1919–1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artur_Bernardes" title="Artur Bernardes">Artur Bernardes</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Artur_Bernardes" title="Presidency of Artur Bernardes">1922–1926</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Lu%C3%ADs" title="Washington Luís">Washington Luís</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Washington_Lu%C3%ADs" title="Presidency of Washington Luís">1926–1930</a>) <b><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Revolution_of_1930" title="Brazilian Revolution of 1930">×</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BAlio_Prestes" title="Júlio Prestes">Júlio Prestes</a> (<i>never took office</i>)</li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Second_Brazilian_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Brazilian Republic">Second Republic</a><br />(1930–37)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_military_junta_of_1930" title="Brazilian military junta of 1930">Military Junta</a> (<a href="/wiki/Augusto_Tasso_Fragoso" title="Augusto Tasso Fragoso">Tasso Fragoso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isa%C3%ADas_de_Noronha" title="Isaías de Noronha">Isaías de Noronha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_de_Deus_Mena_Barreto_(1874%E2%80%931933)" class="mw-redirect" title="João de Deus Mena Barreto (1874–1933)">Mena Barreto</a>) (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Get%C3%BAlio_Vargas" title="Getúlio Vargas">Getúlio Vargas</a> (1930–1937) <b><a href="/wiki/1937_Brazilian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1937 Brazilian coup d'état">×</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Estado_Novo_(Brazil)" title="Estado Novo (Brazil)">Estado Novo</a><br />(1937–46)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Get%C3%BAlio_Vargas" title="Getúlio Vargas">Getúlio Vargas</a> (1937–1945) <b><a href="/wiki/1945_Brazilian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1945 Brazilian coup d'état">×</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Linhares" title="José Linhares">José Linhares</a> (1945–1946)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Brazilian_Republic" title="Fourth Brazilian Republic">Populist Republic</a><br />(1946–64)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-top:.3em; padding-bottom:.6em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eurico Gaspar Dutra</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Eurico_Gaspar_Dutra" title="Presidency of Eurico Gaspar Dutra">1946–1951</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Get%C3%BAlio_Vargas" title="Getúlio Vargas">Getúlio Vargas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Second_presidency_of_Get%C3%BAlio_Vargas" title="Second presidency of Getúlio Vargas">1951–1954</a>) <b>†</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_Filho" title="Café Filho">Café Filho</a> (1954–1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Luz" title="Carlos Luz">Carlos Luz</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereu_Ramos" title="Nereu Ramos">Nereu Ramos</a> (1955–1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juscelino_Kubitschek" title="Juscelino Kubitschek">Juscelino Kubitschek</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Juscelino_Kubitschek" title="Presidency of Juscelino Kubitschek">1956–1961</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A2nio_Quadros" title="Jânio Quadros">Jânio Quadros</a> (1961) <b>¤</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascoal_Ranieri_Mazzilli" title="Pascoal Ranieri Mazzilli">Ranieri Mazzilli</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Goulart" title="João Goulart">João Goulart</a> (1961–1964) <b><a href="/wiki/1964_Brazilian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1964 Brazilian coup d'état">×</a></b></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Military_dictatorship_in_Brazil" title="Military dictatorship in Brazil">Military dictatorship</a><br />(1964–85)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-top:.3em; padding-bottom:.6em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pascoal_Ranieri_Mazzilli" title="Pascoal Ranieri Mazzilli">Ranieri Mazzilli</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humberto_de_Alencar_Castelo_Branco" title="Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco">Castelo Branco</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Castelo_Branco" title="Presidency of Castelo Branco">1964–1967</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artur_da_Costa_e_Silva" title="Artur da Costa e Silva">Costa e Silva</a> (1967–1969) <b>†</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Aleixo" title="Pedro Aleixo">Pedro Aleixo</a> (<i>posthumous</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Military_Junta_of_1969" class="mw-redirect" title="Brazilian Military Junta of 1969">Military Junta</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Em%C3%ADlio_Garrastazu_M%C3%A9dici" title="Emílio Garrastazu Médici">Emílio Garrastazu Médici</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Em%C3%ADlio_M%C3%A9dici" title="Presidency of Emílio Médici">1969–1974</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Geisel" title="Ernesto Geisel">Ernesto Geisel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Ernesto_Geisel" title="Presidency of Ernesto Geisel">1974–1979</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Figueiredo" title="João Figueiredo">João Figueiredo</a> (1979–1985)</li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Brazil_since_1985" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Brazil since 1985">New Republic</a><br />(1985–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left; white-space:nowrap; padding-top:.3em; padding-bottom:.6em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tancredo_Neves" title="Tancredo Neves">Tancredo Neves</a> (<i>never took office</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Sarney" title="José Sarney">José Sarney</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Jos%C3%A9_Sarney" title="Presidency of José Sarney">1985–1990</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Collor_de_Mello" title="Fernando Collor de Mello">Collor de Mello</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Collor_de_Mello" title="Presidency of Collor de Mello">1990–1992</a>) <b>¤ +</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itamar_Franco" title="Itamar Franco">Itamar Franco</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Itamar_Franco" title="Presidency of Itamar Franco">1992–1995</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Henrique_Cardoso" title="Fernando Henrique Cardoso">Fernando H. Cardoso</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Fernando_Henrique_Cardoso" title="Presidency of Fernando Henrique Cardoso">1995–2003</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luiz_In%C3%A1cio_Lula_da_Silva" title="Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva">Lula da Silva</a> (<a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Lula_da_Silva" title="First presidency of Lula da Silva">2003–2011</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dilma_Rousseff" title="Dilma Rousseff">Dilma Rousseff</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Dilma_Rousseff" title="Presidency of Dilma Rousseff">2011–2016</a>) <b><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Dilma_Rousseff" title="Impeachment of Dilma Rousseff">+</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Temer" title="Michel Temer">Michel Temer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Michel_Temer" title="Presidency of Michel Temer">2016–2019</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jair_Bolsonaro" title="Jair Bolsonaro">Jair Bolsonaro</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Jair_Bolsonaro" title="Presidency of Jair Bolsonaro">2019–2023</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luiz_In%C3%A1cio_Lula_da_Silva" title="Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva">Lula da Silva</a> (<a href="/wiki/Second_presidency_of_Lula_da_Silva" title="Second presidency of Lula da Silva">2023–present</a>)</li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div>End of term: <b>¤</b> Resigned; <b>†</b> Died in office; <b>×</b> <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d'état">Coup d'état</a> or <a href="/wiki/Self-coup" title="Self-coup">self-coup</a>; <b>‡</b> New elections held; <b>+</b> Impeached <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Presidents_of_Brazil" title="Category:Presidents of Brazil">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Brazil" title="List of presidents of Brazil">List</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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