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Norway - RationalWiki
<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <title>Norway - RationalWiki</title> <script>document.documentElement.className="client-js";RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":!1,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"Z95RDVQnGX46aIwiJndkUwAAAI4","wgCSPNonce":!1,"wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":!1,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Norway","wgTitle":"Norway","wgCurRevisionId":2717008,"wgRevisionId":2717008,"wgArticleId":3875,"wgIsArticle":!0,"wgIsRedirect":!1,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with unsourced statements","Significantly problematic articles","European countries","NATO member states","Norway"],"wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Norway","wgRelevantArticleId":3875,"wgIsProbablyEditable":!0,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":!0, "wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgMediaViewerOnClick":!0,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":!0};RLSTATE={"site.styles":"ready","noscript":"ready","user.styles":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles.legacy":"ready","mediawiki.toc.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.startup","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.legacy.js","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","mmv.head","mmv.bootstrap.autostart"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.implement("user.options@1hzgi",function($,jQuery,require,module){/*@nomin*/mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); });});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cmediawiki.toc.styles%7Cskins.vector.styles.legacy&only=styles&skin=vector"/> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector"/> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.35.6"/> <meta name="description" content="Norway (Norwegian bokmål: Norge, Norwegian nynorsk: Noreg), officially the Kingdom of Norway (Norwegian: Kongeriket Norge), is a country in Scandinavia that borders Sweden, Finland, and Russia. They are good at fishing, handball, cross-country skiing/biathlon, social democracy, and having a massive oil reserve without becoming a failed state like Nigeria, Venezuela, or Saudi Arabia. Most people live in the southern part of the country, particularly around Oslo. The southernmost area, known as the South Country (Sørlandet), is considered Norway's Bible Belt."/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Norway&action=edit"/> <link rel="edit" title="Edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Norway&action=edit"/> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico"/> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/opensearch_desc.php" title="RationalWiki (en)"/> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="https://rationalwiki.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"/> <link rel="license" href="/wiki/RationalWiki:Copyrights"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="RationalWiki Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="RationalWiki"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Norway"/> <meta property="og:description" content="Norway (Norwegian bokmål: Norge, Norwegian nynorsk: Noreg), officially the Kingdom of Norway (Norwegian: Kongeriket Norge), is a country in Scandinavia that borders Sweden, Finland, and Russia. They are good at fishing, handball, cross-country skiing/biathlon, social democracy, and having a massive oil reserve without becoming a failed state like Nigeria, Venezuela, or Saudi Arabia. Most people live in the southern part of the country, particularly around Oslo. 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clear:right; border: 2px solid silver; margin: 0 0 .5em .5em; width: 200px;"> <div style="background-color: #e7ece6; font-size: 15px; text-align: center; padding: .3em;"><b>Kongeriket Norge</b> <b></b></div> <center><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Norway.svg" class="image"><img alt="Flag of Norway.svg" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/250px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="195" height="142" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/330px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/500px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></center> <table style="width: 200px;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #e8e7f2;"><b>Demographics</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_population" class="extiw" title="wp:List of countries by population" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: List of countries by population">Population</span></a>:<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> </td> <td>5,562,363 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" class="extiw" title="wp:List of countries by GDP (nominal)" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: List of countries by GDP (nominal)">GDP (million)</span></a>:<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> </td> <td>526,951 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" class="extiw" title="wp:List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">GDP p/cap.</span></a>:<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> </td> <td>94,660 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_life_expectancy" class="extiw" title="wp:List of countries by life expectancy" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: List of countries by life expectancy">Life expectancy</span></a>:<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> </td> <td>83,3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index" class="extiw" title="wp:List of countries by Human Development Index" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: List of countries by Human Development Index">Development Index</span></a>:<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> </td> <td>0.966 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width: 200px;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #e8e7f2;"><b>Government</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy_Index" class="extiw" title="wp:Democracy Index" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Democracy Index">Democracy Index</span></a>:<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> </td> <td>9.81 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruption_Perceptions_Index" class="extiw" title="wp:Corruption Perceptions Index" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Corruption Perceptions Index">Corruption Index</span></a>:<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> </td> <td>84 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width: 200px;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #e8e7f2;"><b>More</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_Index" class="extiw" title="wp:Education Index" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Education Index">Education Index</span></a>:<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> </td> <td>0.930 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Importance_of_religion_by_country" class="extiw" title="wp:Importance of religion by country" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Importance of religion by country">Religiosity</span></a>:<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> </td> <td>20.5 </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <table class="messagebox mb-brainwatermark mb-warning-orange" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td class="mb-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Warning_icon_orange.svg" class="image"><img alt="Warning icon orange.svg" src="/w/images/thumb/4/4f/Warning_icon_orange.svg/50px-Warning_icon_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" srcset="/w/images/thumb/4/4f/Warning_icon_orange.svg/75px-Warning_icon_orange.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/4/4f/Warning_icon_orange.svg/100px-Warning_icon_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a> </td> <td class="mb-text"><b>This page contains too many unsourced statements and needs to be improved</b>. <hr /> <p><b>Norway</b> could use some help. Please research the article's assertions. Whatever is credible should be sourced, and what is not should be removed. </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Norway</b> (Norwegian bokmål: <i><b>Norge</b></i>, Norwegian nynorsk: <i><b>Noreg</b></i>), officially the <b>Kingdom of Norway</b> (Norwegian: <i><b>Kongeriket Norge</b></i>), is a country in <a href="/wiki/Scandinavia" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavia</a> that borders <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>. They are good at fishing, handball, cross-country skiing/biathlon, <a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">social democracy</a>, and having a massive oil reserve without becoming a failed state like <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>. Most people live in the southern part of the country, particularly around Oslo. The southernmost area, known as the South Country (<i>Sørlandet</i>), is considered Norway's <a href="/wiki/Bible_Belt" title="Bible Belt">Bible Belt</a>. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Norwegian_history"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Norwegian history</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Economy"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Economy</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Indigenous_affairs"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Indigenous affairs</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Political_parties_of_Norway"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Political parties of Norway</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Overseas_territories"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Overseas territories</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Svalbard"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Svalbard</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Jan_Mayen"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Jan Mayen</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Bouvet_Island"><span class="tocnumber">5.3</span> <span class="toctext">Bouvet Island</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Miscellaneous_Norwegian_trivia"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Miscellaneous Norwegian trivia</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Notable_Norwegian_cranks"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Notable Norwegian cranks</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Quacks"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">Quacks</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Islamophobes"><span class="tocnumber">7.2</span> <span class="toctext">Islamophobes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#Nazis"><span class="tocnumber">7.3</span> <span class="toctext">Nazis</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#Conspiracy_theorists"><span class="tocnumber">7.4</span> <span class="toctext">Conspiracy theorists</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="#Men.27s_rights_movement"><span class="tocnumber">7.5</span> <span class="toctext">Men's rights movement</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Norwegian_history">Norwegian history</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norway&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Norwegian history">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>For much of its history (after <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">The Black Death</a>), Norway was subject to either the Danish or the Swedish king, and many wars between those two countries ultimately were about who got Norway. </p><p>After <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Norway became a <a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">social democracy</a>, meaning that the people had universal <a href="/wiki/Health_care" class="mw-redirect" title="Health care">health care</a> and complained because they had to pay <a href="/wiki/Tax" title="Tax">taxes</a>. Norway's <a href="/wiki/Democratic" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic">democratic</a> traditions go back to 1884, and it has only since been under <a href="/wiki/Authoritarianism" title="Authoritarianism">authoritarian</a> rule once, from 1940 to 1945, when it was occupied by <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> under puppet leader <a href="/wiki/Vidkun_Quisling" title="Vidkun Quisling">Vidkun Quisling</a>, whose name is now another synonym for a turncoat. Norway has been a member of <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> since its founding in 1949. As of February 2021, the Norwegian Jens Stoltenberg is General Secretary of NATO. </p><p>Norway's <a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">government</a> negotiated to join the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>, but <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_European_Communities_membership_referendum,_1972" class="extiw" title="wp:Norwegian European Communities membership referendum, 1972" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Norwegian European Communities membership referendum, 1972">a 1972 referendum</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> rejected membership (53.5% to 46.5%). Norway made a second attempt to join the EU, but this was again rejected in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_European_Union_membership_referendum,_1994" class="extiw" title="wp:Norwegian European Union membership referendum, 1994" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Norwegian European Union membership referendum, 1994">a 1994 referendum</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> (52.2% to 47.8%); on both occasions, rural voters skewed more strongly against and voters in the capital city, Oslo, skewed more in favor (this is something it probably has in common with <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>). However, almost all Norwegian politicians have understood that Norway benefits greatly from cooperation with the rest of Western Europe, so Norway has become a member of the European Economic Area, which makes Norway a part of the EU for most practical purposes while in principle staying outside. This allows participation in the customs union, Europol, and so on and makes Norway part of the Schengen Area, giving it passport-free travel to most of the EU (except for, <i>of course</i>, the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Ireland">Republic of Ireland</a>). This, in turn, means that many of the laws enacted by the EU have been adopted by Norway as well. Norway thus, to some degree, suffers from self-inflicted legislation without representation, which will also apply to the UK following Brexit. So why <i>does</i> Norway not simply join the EU and be done with it? Norwegian voters don't have all the insights their politicians have and are very concerned about natural resources like oil, hydroelectric power, and fishing. Also, the farmers had a strong voice, so the EU referendums were decided much by fear and uncertainty about what could be the consequences of membership. Given Norway's traditional reliance on fisheries, there is a point to not being part of the EU. A similar thing can be said of <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a>, of course. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Economy">Economy</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norway&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Like the rest of her Scandinavian neighbors, Norway has adapted the social democratic Nordic Model.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup> However, unlike the rest, Norway has a far greater governmental involvement in the economy, with the government having large stakes in the leading oil company Equinor and the largest telecommunications company Telenor, originating from former national monopoly companies.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup> The government also is involved in other fields to the point it can be called state capitalist.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup> </p><p>The Norwegian government offers a free and excellent education at all stages. In addition, there are some private schools. The state offers student loans at the college/university level to cover costs of living so that all talented students have the possibility of taking a higher education independently of their parents. </p><p>The Norwegian government offers highly subsidized health services and mostly free hospitals. Additionally, some private clinics take paid, offering shorter waiting lines and services not offered by the state hospitals, like cosmetic surgery. </p><p>In recent decades, <a href="/wiki/Oil" title="Oil">oil</a> has made the Norwegian state wealthy. Most of the money has been stuffed away in a state-owned trillion-dollar pension fund for future generations, investing in companies and real estate abroad to avoid domestic inflation. Some of the yearly dividends are used to lubricate the economy, strengthening the extensive social programs in healthcare, education, childcare, and welfare. </p><p>Norway has one of the world's highest homeownership rates<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup> and increasing union membership.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Indigenous_affairs">Indigenous affairs</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norway&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Indigenous affairs">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div role="note" class="hatnote">See the main article on this topic: <a href="/wiki/Sami" class="mw-redirect" title="Sami">Sami</a></div> <p>As with just about anywhere with an ethnolinguistic minority that lacks access to the levers of power, Norway has an illustrious history of overt discrimination against the Sami people. Today's situation is far from ideal but much better than it once was. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Political_parties_of_Norway">Political parties of Norway</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norway&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Political parties of Norway">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>The political parties with seats in parliament in Norway, sorted by the number of votes in the 2021 Parliamentary election, are: </p> <ul><li><b>Arbeiderpartiet (Ap)</b>: The Labour Party, the social democrats, has dominated Norwegian politics since 1935. After the 2019 Norwegian local elections, it lost the most votes ever seen in a Norwegian local election (after WW2) due to unclear incentives and a lack of traditional labor policies. Now suffers from a growing lack of people identifying themselves as "working class". <b>Currently in power.</b></li> <li><b>Høyre (H):</b> The Conservative Party, the liberal-<a href="/wiki/Conservative" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservative">conservative</a> party. Considered solid and responsible, and thereby a bit non-spectacular. Supports many policies similar to those of the Democrats in the US.</li> <li><b>Senterpartiet (Sp)</b>: The Centre Party, a centrist agrarian party with strong isolationist and traditionalist inclinations. Formerly called Bondepartiet ("Farmer's Party"). <u>Strongly</u> opposes membership in the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>. After the 2019 Norwegian local elections, it won a record number of votes partially because it was seen as a more responsible opposition party against the current government, while the traditional center-left party - Ap - suffered terribly due to the abovementioned reasons.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Fremskrittspartiet" title="Fremskrittspartiet">Fremskrittspartiet</a> (FrP)</b>: The "Progress" Party, the right-wing <a href="/wiki/Populist" class="mw-redirect" title="Populist">populists</a>, think Norway would be better off with fewer taxes and <a href="/wiki/Undocumented_immigration" title="Undocumented immigration">immigrants</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reality-based_community" title="Reality-based community">Some</a> argue the name is misleading.</li> <li><b>Sosialistisk Venstreparti (SV)</b>: The Socialist Left Party, a <a href="/wiki/Socialist" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist">socialist</a> party. The party was founded on dissatisfaction with Ap's foreign policy, especially its <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> friendliness and Ap's opening of allowing nuclear weapons on Norwegian soil. It entered its first government in 2005 with the red-green coalition (a government of SV, Ap, and Sp), which lasted until 2013. SV's popularity shrank to a level close to the threshold of 4% in the 2013 election. However, it regained more popularity in both the 2017 and 2021 elections.</li> <li><b>Rødt (R)</b>: The Red Party is also a socialist party like SV, but more red and revolutionary as it's the only leading party that believes it's urgent to eliminate capitalism. It was founded as a merger of Arbeidernes Kommunistparti (marxist-leninistene) (Workers' Communist Party) and Rød Valgallianse (Red Electoral Alliance) in 2007. Notable as one of two parties opposing increased surveillance and supporting people's right to download music without being sued. Before the 2017 election, R had no representation in the parliament. However, after the local elections of 2015, R saw a growth in membership and popularity that has continued until this day. Favored by many immigrants from developing countries, who like the idea of the state caring for them.</li> <li><b>Venstre (V)</b>: The <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party" title="Liberal Party">Liberal Party</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Social_liberal" class="mw-redirect" title="Social liberal">social liberal</a> party that used to be the biggest party of the left (until the interwar years), is now more of a center-right shadow of its former self. Suffers from a lack of unique causes to fight for. Notable as one of two parties opposing increased surveillance and supporting people's right to <a href="/wiki/Piracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Piracy">download music without being sued</a>.</li> <li><b>Miljøpartiet de Grønne (MdG)</b>: The Green Party, the main environmentalist party in Norway. MdG started its growth in 2012, and all the way to 2015 afterward, its popularity declined and later stabilized. Notable as the only party which declares no affiliation to the historic right/left-wing blocs of politics. However, due to the prominence of FrP in the right-wing bloc, MdG has found itself mostly working with the left.</li> <li><b>Kristelig Folkeparti (KrF)</b>: The Christian Democratic Party, the <a href="/wiki/Christian_democracy" title="Christian democracy">morally conservative party</a>, wants to curb <a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">abortion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alcohol" title="Alcohol">alcohol</a> <a href="/wiki/Prohibition" title="Prohibition">consumption</a>, <a href="/wiki/Homosexuality" title="Homosexuality">homosexuality</a>, and other un-Godly things. Supported mostly by elderly voters.</li> <li><b>Pasientfokus (PF)</b>: Patient Focus is a one issue political party that wants to expand the hospital in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alta_(town)" class="extiw" title="wp:Alta (town)" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Alta (town)">Alta</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup>.</li></ul> <p>In addition, there are several minor parties without representation in the parliament, but some with representation in county and municipality boards, including: </p> <ul><li><b>Industri- og Næringspartiet (INP)</b>: The Industry and Business Party, a political party aiming to increase oil and gas production. It also denies that <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a> is caused by humans. The party did remarkably well in the 2023 local elections, but has suffered from political infighting since 2024.</li> <li><b>Folkeaksjonen nei til mer bompenger (FNB)</b>: People's Party FNB, a party that doesn't like toll roads. Most prominent in the country's biggest cities.</li> <li><b>Pensjonistpartiet (PP)</b>: The Pensioners' Party focuses on pensioners' interests.</li> <li><b>Konservativt (K)</b>: Conservative (formerly The Christian Party). <a href="/wiki/Christian_fundamentalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian fundamentalist">Christian fundamentalists</a>. Relatively new, it started as a reaction to KrF getting too moderate.</li> <li><b>Sentrum (S)</b>: Center Party (not to be confused with <i>The</i> Center Party), a centrist party.</li> <li><b>Kystpartiet (K)</b>: The Coastal Party, a non-parliamentary party that apparently cares a lot about coasts.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[note 1]</a></sup> Center-right, conservative, isolationist, emphasize fishing and coastal issues and opposes membership in the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>.</li></ul> <p>Norwegian politicians are mostly sincere compared to politicians in other countries. Two of the "worst" scandals involving politicians both happened in 2008: One Norwegian politician rented out an apartment where the windows were too small, and the height under the ceiling was too low according to building regulations; she had to resign. Another female politician had sex with a 17-year-old man in a grain field; both were drunk and very consensual; she stayed in politics and has heard one or two comments about the incident. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Overseas_territories">Overseas territories</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norway&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Overseas territories">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Svalbard">Svalbard</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norway&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Svalbard">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:167px;"><a href="/wiki/File:NOR-2016-Svalbard-Sju%C3%B8yane-Phipps%C3%B8ya-Atlantic_Walrus_(Odobenus_rosmarus_rosmarus)_03.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/NOR-2016-Svalbard-Sju%C3%B8yane-Phipps%C3%B8ya-Atlantic_Walrus_%28Odobenus_rosmarus_rosmarus%29_03.jpg/165px-NOR-2016-Svalbard-Sju%C3%B8yane-Phipps%C3%B8ya-Atlantic_Walrus_%28Odobenus_rosmarus_rosmarus%29_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="165" height="93" class="thumbimage" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/NOR-2016-Svalbard-Sju%C3%B8yane-Phipps%C3%B8ya-Atlantic_Walrus_%28Odobenus_rosmarus_rosmarus%29_03.jpg/248px-NOR-2016-Svalbard-Sju%C3%B8yane-Phipps%C3%B8ya-Atlantic_Walrus_%28Odobenus_rosmarus_rosmarus%29_03.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/NOR-2016-Svalbard-Sju%C3%B8yane-Phipps%C3%B8ya-Atlantic_Walrus_%28Odobenus_rosmarus_rosmarus%29_03.jpg/330px-NOR-2016-Svalbard-Sju%C3%B8yane-Phipps%C3%B8ya-Atlantic_Walrus_%28Odobenus_rosmarus_rosmarus%29_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5777" data-file-height="3250" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:NOR-2016-Svalbard-Sju%C3%B8yane-Phipps%C3%B8ya-Atlantic_Walrus_(Odobenus_rosmarus_rosmarus)_03.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>They are the eggmen</div></div></div> <p>Svalbard is an icy archipelago located to the north of Norway. It was originally discovered by <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Dutch</a> explorer <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willem_Barentsz" class="extiw" title="wp:Willem Barentsz" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Willem Barentsz">Willem Barentsz</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> in 1596<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[note 2]</a></sup> and for many years wasn't under any nation's sovereignty, with many countries setting up whaling and mining operations there.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[6]</a></sup> That all changed with the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svalbard_Treaty" class="extiw" title="wp:Svalbard Treaty" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Svalbard Treaty">Svalbard Treaty</span></a>,<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> which was negotiated alongside the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Versailles" title="Treaty of Versailles">Treaty of Versailles</a>: the treaty gave full sovereignty of the islands to Norway, but in exchange Norway had to leave the islands open to residency and economic activity from any of the signatories and additionally Norway was banned from building any military installations there.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[7]</a></sup> Under the terms of the treaty, the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> has maintained a presence in the islands (particuarly in the mining town of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barentsburg" class="extiw" title="wp:Barentsburg" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Barentsburg">Barentsburg</span></a>)<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> for decades and Russia continues to invest in the islands to this day, leading to diplomatic tension between them and Norway considering the ongoing war in <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[8]</a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longyearbyen" class="extiw" title="wp:Longyearbyen" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Longyearbyen">Longyearbyen</span></a>,<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> the largest "town" in Svalbard,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[note 3]</a></sup> it is illegal to <a href="/wiki/Death" title="Death">die</a>. This is mainly because they don't want <a href="/wiki/Virus" title="Virus">viruses</a> getting preserved in the permafrost.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[9]</a></sup> Svalbard is also home to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svalbard_Global_Seed_Vault" class="extiw" title="wp:Svalbard Global Seed Vault" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Svalbard Global Seed Vault">Svalbard Global Seed Vault</span></a>,<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> which stores seeds of all the world's crops in case of disaster.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[10]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Jan_Mayen">Jan Mayen</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norway&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Jan Mayen">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <p>Jan Mayen is a small icy island located northeast of <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a>. Like Svalbard, it was officially discovered by the Dutch (this time by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Jacobszoon_May_van_Schellinkhout" class="extiw" title="wp:Jan Jacobszoon May van Schellinkhout" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Jan Jacobszoon May van Schellinkhout">Jan Jacobszoon May van Schellinkhout</span></a>,<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> of whom the island is named after) but there are likewise competing claims to discovery. It is a hotspot that contains the northernmost active volcano on land, last erupting in 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[11]</a></sup> Beyond that, since there are no permanent inhabitants and little to no natural resources, there's not much that's interesting there.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[12]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Bouvet_Island">Bouvet Island</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norway&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Bouvet Island">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <p>Bouvet Island is a small icy island located in the <i>Southern</i> Ocean, being located a whopping 12,776 kilometers from the mainland. It's considered to be the most isolated island in the world, with the closest land being <a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a>, and the closest land people actually live on being <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tristan_da_Cunha" class="extiw" title="wp:Tristan da Cunha" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Tristan da Cunha">Tristan da Cunha</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> at 2,250 kilometers away,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[13]</a></sup> which is itself extremely isolated, with the closest inhabited land to that being the <i>also</i> very isolated St. Helena at 2,430 kilometers.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">[14]</a></sup> This island was discovered by the <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">French</a>, though the <a href="/wiki/UK" class="mw-redirect" title="UK">British</a> tried to stick their flag on the island, as they are wont to do, with Norway somehow coming out on top in 1930.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[15]</a></sup> The island is 90% covered by glaciers, making it difficult to access, though as with Jan Mayen there is a volcanic hotspot underneath the ice; unlike Jan Mayen, Bouvet Island seems to be dormant, last erupting in 50 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[16]</a></sup> The notorious <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vela_incident" class="extiw" title="wp:Vela incident" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Vela incident">Vela incident</span></a>,<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> widely believed to be a joint nuclear weapons test between <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>, occurred near Bouvet Island.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[17]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Miscellaneous_Norwegian_trivia">Miscellaneous Norwegian trivia</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norway&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Miscellaneous Norwegian trivia">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Norway has claimed the #1 spot on the Human Development Index for over a decade. </p><p>Norway has legalized <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage">gender-neutral marriage</a>, effective starting in 2009. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Alcohol" title="Alcohol">Alcohol</a> stronger than beer is only sold in a limited number of government-owned shops. All alcohol carries high taxes, and so does tobacco. Therefore tax-free shops at airports are popular, together with shopping trips to Sweden for the half of the population living near the border. </p><p>Norway has two co-existing standards for writing its national language, Norwegian. One, Bokmål ("book language"), is based on Danish, from the dark time when Norway was part of Denmark, and most books were printed there. Luckily, the Norwegian pronunciation of the words is much clearer than the Danish. The other, Nynorsk ("new Norwegian"), was an attempt at recovering a Norwegian way of writing based on a selection of dialects. There is no "official" standard for spoken Norwegian. Unlike in many other countries, regional dialects are celebrated <a href="/wiki/Linguistic_discrimination" title="Linguistic discrimination">rather than despised</a>, so it is considered socially acceptable to use them in public contexts such as television or in parliament.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[18]</a></sup> Indeed, Norway's Education Act even states that "the teacher 'should pay due attention to the vernacular used by pupils, and that he or she should not attempt to make them abandon their home dialect.'"<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">[19]</a></sup> Norwegian dialects are quite varied, e.g., the Norwegian word for "I" can be spelled "jeg" or "eg", and can be pronounced "yæi" (West side Oslo), "yæ" (East end Oslo), "ye" (Eastern inland), "eg" (Bergen), "yei" (part of Trondheim), "i" (Molde), "æ" (Middle and Northern regions), "e" and "æg". In addition, the Sami people have their own very different Uralic languages (they constitute a family within the Uralic language, and are somewhat more distantly related to Finnish, Estonian, and Hungarian, among others) with their dialects, and they obviously must have one or more words for "I", too. </p><p>Norway is often criticized for hunting whales and seals and for the <a href="/wiki/Hypocrisy" title="Hypocrisy">hypocrisy</a> of allowing the harpooning and shooting of marine mammals while banning Schechita and Dhabihah because both are cruel to animals. </p><p>Norway has finished last in the Eurovision Song Contest more than any other country. Norway has also won three times, with two songs that became international hits to some degree ("La det swinge" with Bobbysocks and "Fairytale" with Alexander Rybak) and one that did not ("Nocturne" with Secret Garden). </p><p>Norway is also the home to one of the most extreme forms of music, Norwegian Black Metal. Its musicians and fans burned churches and killed each other in the name of being the evilest. An example of a nutjob Norwegian Black Metal musician is <a href="/wiki/Varg_Vikernes" title="Varg Vikernes">Varg Vikernes</a>. </p><p>The Nobel Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo. </p><p>Norway is the only country that borders Russia without having been attacked or occupied by Russia or the Russian-dominated Soviet "Union". Actually, a part of Northern Norway can be said to have been liberated by Soviet troops during a major disagreement in the 1940s. </p><p>There is a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hell_Station" class="extiw" title="wp:Hell Station" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Hell Station">Hell Station</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> in Norway. One part of the building has a sign saying "Gods Expedition". </p><p>Norwegians taught the Japanese how to make sushi from salmon as a part of an initiative to export farmed fish. Norwegian salmon is rich in vitamin D and is delicious in fried, barbequed, smoked, sushi, and cured versions. The fermented version is for connoisseurs only. </p><p>The length of the Norwegian coastline is... meaningless. Should one measure roughly along the outer parts? Include more details, making the coast "longer"? Also, measure along the fjords? Also, measure around the islands? Also, measure the islets? Also, measure the skerries? Pick a number between 2,000 and 100,000 kilometers. But at least one can say that the south coast is a delightful place to stay in the summer when many Norwegians go there for vacation. The coast along the Western and Northern parts is popular among foreign tourists who like to take photos of impressive mountains and fjords. </p><p>Taxable income, tax paid, and total wealth is public information for all Norwegian residents. </p><p>Several of the billionaires in Norway started from nothing. </p><p>Norway is a leading country in using electric cars. </p><p>Most of the electricity in Norway is hydroelectric, with some additional wind power in recent years. </p><p>The cheese slicer was invented in Norway, allowing Norwegians to make thin, cheap cheese slices. The main types of cheese in Norway are gulost ("yellow cheese"), which is also called hvitost ("white cheese") and is a copy of the Dutch Gouda cheese, and brunost ("brown cheese") which is not a cheese at all but instead is a somewhat caramel-like substance that is made from whey. </p><p>Many Norwegians believe that the paper clip was invented in Norway. </p><p>The list of inventions NOT made in Norway is longer and will not be provided here. </p><p>Norwegian Vikings traveled in their Viking ships (what else?) to North America during the 10th century. They also had some encounters with people in England, France, and what is now the Netherlands; this was sometimes peaceful trade, at other times a less peaceful, one-way exchange of goods. Despite common depictions today, blonde hair was relatively rare (brown and red were far more common, and Thor was just about always depicted with red hair), beards were common but not universal, and the facial features of men and women were significantly less distinct from each other than they are today. The average Viking man stood all of... about 5'6". They also invented Iceland, Greenland, and the Faroe Islands. Norwegians are mostly proud of their Viking forefathers and foremothers (equal rights for women have come far in Norway). They are also a bit embarrassed by their varying social skills and manners. </p><p>Norwegians came first to the North and South poles for unclear reasons. In Norwegian, it is possible to make jokes about the "East Pole" and "West Pole", but these make little sense in English and Polish. </p><p>The polar circle goes through Norway. North of this circle is at least one day in the summer with midnight sun and one day in the winter without any part of the sun coming over the horizon. The polar circle is sometimes called the "moral circle", hinting at what some Norwegians do when there is not so much else to do during the winter with very long nights north of the circle. </p><p>The Norwegian city <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troms%C3%B8" class="extiw" title="wp:Tromsø" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Tromsø">Tromsø</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> is the third-most populous city inside the arctic circle, and the largest outside of <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, with a population of over 60,000. Around the solstices, it receives a large number tourists who want to brainfuck themselves when the sun hasn't set at 10 P.M. or want to eat lunch during the <s>night</s> evening twilight. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notable_Norwegian_cranks">Notable Norwegian cranks</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norway&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notable Norwegian cranks">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Quacks">Quacks</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norway&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Quacks">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sn%C3%A5samannen" title="Snåsamannen">Snåsamannen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_M%C3%A4rtha_Louise" title="Princess Märtha Louise">Princess Märtha Louise</a></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Islamophobes">Islamophobes</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norway&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Islamophobes">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anders_Behring_Breivik" title="Anders Behring Breivik">Anders Behring Breivik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fjordman" title="Fjordman">Fjordman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hege_Storhaug" title="Hege Storhaug">Hege Storhaug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Hermansen" title="Max Hermansen">Max Hermansen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nina_Hjerpset-%C3%98stlie" title="Nina Hjerpset-Østlie">Nina Hjerpset-Østlie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_J%C3%B8rgen_Lysglimt_Johansen" title="Hans Jørgen Lysglimt Johansen">Hans Jørgen Lysglimt Johansen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Rustad" title="Hans Rustad">Hans Rustad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Tybring-Gjedde" title="Christian Tybring-Gjedde">Christian Tybring-Gjedde</a></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Nazis">Nazis</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norway&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Nazis">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vidkun_Quisling" title="Vidkun Quisling">Vidkun Quisling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragnar_Skancke" title="Ragnar Skancke">Ragnar Skancke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varg_Vikernes" title="Varg Vikernes">Varg Vikernes</a></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Conspiracy_theorists">Conspiracy theorists</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norway&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Conspiracy theorists">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rune_Fardal" title="Rune Fardal">Rune Fardal</a></li></ul> <h3><span id="Men's_rights_movement"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Men.27s_rights_movement">Men's rights movement</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norway&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Men's rights movement">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MannsForum" title="MannsForum">MannsForum</a></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norway&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parentingbeyondbelief.com/blog/norway.jpg">"I hope they speak Norwegian in HELL!"</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hell,_Norway" class="extiw" title="wp:Hell, Norway" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Hell, Norway">They do.</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://i.imgur.com/098kM.png">Norwegian life</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bBXV-LXzeig">In Norway, Prime Ministers (and NATO Secretaries General) drive taxis.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GYNJuP6m9JU">Vote Norwegian!</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4hpEnLtqUDg">On second thought, let's not go to Norway. 'Tis a silly place.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=npjOSLCR2hE">A documentary about the Norwegian blue parrot.</a> Although it's possible that the <a href="/wiki/Monty_Python" class="mw-redirect" title="Monty Python">documentarians</a> have some of their facts wrong. (The bird does have lovely plumage, though.)</li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norway&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="references-small" style="font-size:90%;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">By Norwegian measurement, Norway has the 2nd longest coast of any country: 100,915 km, though the World Factbook claims otherwise. See the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> article on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_length_of_coastline" class="extiw" title="wp:List of countries by length of coastline" rel="nofollow">List of countries by length of coastline</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Although there are claims that the <a href="/wiki/Viking" class="mw-redirect" title="Viking">vikings</a>, Inuit, or <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russians</a> may have got there first; while plausible, no conclusive archeological evidence of these have yet been found</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Its population as of 2020 is only 1,753</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norway&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; font-size:80%;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Europe/Norway-ENERGY-AND-POWER.html">Norway energy and power</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.currentaffairs.org/2018/07/there-is-nothing-inherently-wrong-with-state-ownership">There is nothing wrong with state ownership</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">The Economist:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/special-report/2013/01/31/the-rich-cousin">Norway the rich cousin</a>, dated to January 31, 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">NorwegianAmerican:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.norwegianamerican.com/the-cost-of-living-home-ownership-is-high-in-norway/">Homeownership is high in Norway</a>, dated to March 8, 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worker-participation.eu/National-Industrial-Relations/Countries/Norway/Trade-Unions">trade unions in Norway</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1922/a-history-of-svalbard/">A History of Svalbard</a>, Kim Martins, <i>World Historyv Encyclopedia</i> 14 January 2022</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://svalbardmuseum.no/en/the-svalbard-treaty">The Svalbard Treaty</a>, <i>Svalbard Museum</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thegeopolitics.com/rising-tensions-in-the-arctic-norway-and-russia-at-odds-over-svalbard/">Rising Tensions in the Arctic: Norway and Russia at Odds Over Svalbard</a>, K.M. Seethi, <i>The Geopolitics</i> 20 June 2024</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/travel/destinations/its-illegal-to-die-in-the-town-of-longyearbyen-in-norway-heres-why/articleshow/106761950.cms">It’s illegal to die in the town of Longyearbyen in Norway: Here's why</a>, Precious Rongmei, <i>Times of India</i> 12 January 2024</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.seedvault.no/">Svalbard Global Seed Vault</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=376010">Jan Mayen</a>, <i>Smithsonian</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/jan-mayen/">Jan Mayen</a>, <i>CIA World Factbook</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/where-is-bouvet-island.html">Where is Bouvet Island?</a>, <i>World Atlas</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tristandacunha.org/nearest-island-to-tristan-da-cunha/">Nearest Island to Tristan da Cunha</a>, <i>TristanDaCunha.org</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oceanwide-expeditions.com/blog/bouvet-island-the-most-remote-island-in-the-world">Bouvet Island: The Most Remote Island in the World</a>, <i>Oceanwide Expeditions</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=386020">Bouvet</a>, <i>Smithsonian</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/bouvet-island">Bouvet Island</a>, <i>Atlas Obscura</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://folk.uio.no/unnr/Dialects%20in%20Norway.pdf">Dialects in Norway</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ntnu.edu/now/intro/background-norwegian"><i>The Norwegian language</i></a>, Norwegian on The Web.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Nations_of_the_world-navigationbox" class="toccolours" style="clear:both; margin:0.5em 3.5%; text-align:center;"> <div style="margin:0.15em; padding:0.1em; background:#ccccff; font-weight:bold;"><span id="Nations_of_the_world-navigationbox"><a href="/wiki/Nation" title="Nation">Nations</a> of the world</span> </div> <div class="hlist" style="font-size: 90%; margin: 0.15em 1.425em;"><span style="float:left;"><big><a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa"><b>Africa</b></a>:</big></span><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> — <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a> — <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> — <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a> — <a href="/wiki/ESwatini" title="ESwatini">eSwatini</a> — <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a> — <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a> — <a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> — <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a> — <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> — <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a> — <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> — <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a> — <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a> — <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a> <p><span style="float:left;"><big><a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia"><b>Asia</b></a>:</big></span> <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> — <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> — <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> — <a href="/wiki/Burma" title="Burma">Burma</a> — <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a> — <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> — <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> — <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> — <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> — <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> — <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> — <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> — <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> — <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> — <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a> — <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a> — <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a> — <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> — <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> — <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> — <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Palestine" title="Palestine">Palestine</a> — <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> — <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> — <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> — <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> — <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> — <a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> — <a href="/wiki/Timor-Leste" title="Timor-Leste">Timor-Leste</a> — <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> — <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a> — <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> — <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> — <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> — <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a> <br /> </p><p><span style="float:left;"><big><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe"><b>Europe</b></a>:</big></span> <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> — <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> — <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a> — <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> — <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> — <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> — <a href="/wiki/Channel_Islands" title="Channel Islands">Channel Islands</a> — <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> — <a href="/wiki/Czechia" title="Czechia">Czechia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> — <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> — <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> — <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> — <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> — <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> — <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a> — <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a> — <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a> — <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> — <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> — <a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a> — <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> — <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a> — <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Norway</a> — <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> — <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> — <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> — <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> — <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> — <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> — <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> — <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> — <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (<a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a>) — <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a> <br /> </p><p><span style="float:left;"><big><a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America"><b>North America</b></a>:</big></span> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> — <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a> — <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> — <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a> — <a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada</a> — <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a> — <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a> — <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> — <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a> — <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a> — <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> (<a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>) <br /> </p><p><span style="float:left;"><big><a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania"><b>Oceania</b></a>:</big></span> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</a> — <a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a> — <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> — <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a> — <a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a> <br /> </p><p><span style="float:left;"><big><a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America"><b>South America</b></a>:</big></span><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> — <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> — <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rapa_Nui" title="Rapa Nui">Rapa Nui</a>) — <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a> — <a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a> (<a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands"><small>Malvinas</small></a>)— <a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a> — <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a> — <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a> — <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> <br /> </p><p><span style="float:left;"><big><b>Separatist or disputed</b>:</big></span><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a> —<a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a> — <a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a> — 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