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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Exodus 14:28 The waters flowed back and covered the chariots and horsemen--the entire army of Pharaoh that had chased the Israelites into the sea. Not one of them survived.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/exodus/14-28.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/11/02_Exo_14_28.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Exodus 14:28 - Parting the Red Sea" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="The waters flowed back and covered the chariots and horsemen--the entire army of Pharaoh that had chased the Israelites into the sea. Not one of them survived." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/exodus/14-28.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/exodus/14-28.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/exodus/">Exodus</a> > <a href="/exodus/14.htm">Chapter 14</a> > Verse 28</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad8.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/exodus/14-27.htm" title="Exodus 14:27">◄</a> Exodus 14:28 <a href="/exodus/14-29.htm" title="Exodus 14:29">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Heb </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv">Verse<a href="/bsb/exodus/14.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><a href="/niv/exodus/14.htm">New International Version</a> The water flowed back and covered the chariots and horsemen—the entire army of Pharaoh that had followed the Israelites into the sea. Not one of them survived. <a href="/nlt/exodus/14.htm">New Living Translation</a> Then the waters returned and covered all the chariots and charioteers—the entire army of Pharaoh. Of all the Egyptians who had chased the Israelites into the sea, not a single one survived. <a href="/esv/exodus/14.htm">English Standard Version</a> The waters returned and covered the chariots and the horsemen; of all the host of Pharaoh that had followed them into the sea, not one of them remained. <a href="/bsb/exodus/14.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> The waters flowed back and covered the chariots and horsemen—the entire army of Pharaoh that had chased the Israelites into the sea. Not one of them survived. <a href="/kjv/exodus/14.htm">King James Bible</a> And the waters returned, and covered the chariots, and the horsemen, and all the host of Pharaoh that came into the sea after them; there remained not so much as one of them. <a href="/nkjv/exodus/14.htm">New King James Version</a> Then the waters returned and covered the chariots, the horsemen, and all the army of Pharaoh that came into the sea after them. Not so much as one of them remained. <a href="/nasb_/exodus/14.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> The waters returned and covered the chariots and the horsemen, Pharaoh’s entire army that had gone into the sea after them; not even one of them remained. <a href="/nasb/exodus/14.htm">NASB 1995</a> The waters returned and covered the chariots and the horsemen, even Pharaoh&#8217s entire army that had gone into the sea after them; not even one of them remained. <a href="/nasb77/exodus/14.htm">NASB 1977 </a> And the waters returned and covered the chariots and the horsemen, even Pharaoh’s entire army that had gone into the sea after them; not even one of them remained. <a href="/lsb/exodus/14.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> And the waters returned and covered the chariots and the horsemen, even Pharaoh’s entire army that had gone into the sea after them; not even one of them remained. <a href="/amp/exodus/14.htm">Amplified Bible</a> The waters returned and covered the chariots and the charioteers, and all the army of Pharaoh that had gone into the sea after them; not even one of them survived. <a href="/csb/exodus/14.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> The water came back and covered the chariots and horsemen, plus the entire army of Pharaoh that had gone after them into the sea. Not even one of them survived. <a href="/hcsb/exodus/14.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> The waters came back and covered the chariots and horsemen, the entire army of Pharaoh, that had gone after them into the sea. None of them survived. <a href="/asv/exodus/14.htm">American Standard Version</a> And the waters returned, and covered the chariots, and the horsemen, even all the host of Pharaoh that went in after them into the sea; there remained not so much as one of them. <a href="/cev/exodus/14.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> The water came and covered the chariots, the cavalry, and the whole Egyptian army that had followed the Israelites into the sea. Not one of them was left alive. <a href="/erv/exodus/14.htm">English Revised Version</a> And the waters returned, and covered the chariots, and the horsemen, even all the host of Pharaoh that went in after them into the sea; there remained not so much as one of them. <a href="/gwt/exodus/14.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> The water flowed back and covered Pharaoh's entire army, as well as the chariots and the cavalry that had followed Israel into the sea. Not one of them survived. <a href="/gnt/exodus/14.htm">Good News Translation</a> The water returned and covered the chariots, the drivers, and all the Egyptian army that had followed the Israelites into the sea; not one of them was left. <a href="/isv/exodus/14.htm">International Standard Version</a> The water returned, covering the chariots and the horsemen of Pharaoh's entire army that had pursued the Israelis into the sea. Not a single one of them remained. <a href="/msb/exodus/14.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> The waters flowed back and covered the chariots and horsemen?the entire army of Pharaoh that had chased the Israelites into the sea. Not one of them survived. <a href="/net/exodus/14.htm">NET Bible</a> The water returned and covered the chariots and the horsemen and all the army of Pharaoh that was coming after the Israelites into the sea--not so much as one of them survived! <a href="/nheb/exodus/14.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> The waters returned, and covered the chariots and the horsemen, even all Pharaoh's army that went in after them into the sea. There remained not so much as one of them. <a href="/wbt/exodus/14.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> And the waters returned, and covered the chariots, and the horsemen, and all the host of Pharaoh that came into the sea after them; there remained not so much as one of them. <a href="/web/exodus/14.htm">World English Bible</a> The waters returned, and covered the chariots and the horsemen, even all Pharaoh’s army that went in after them into the sea. There remained not so much as one of them. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/exodus/14.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> and the waters turn back, and cover the chariots and the horsemen, even all the force of Pharaoh, who are coming in after them into the sea—there has not been left even one of them. <a href="/ylt/exodus/14.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> and the waters turn back, and cover the chariots and the horsemen, even all the force of Pharaoh, who are coming in after them into the sea -- there hath not been left of them even one. <a href="/slt/exodus/14.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> And the waters will turn back, and will cover the chariots and the horsemen, to all Pharaoh's army coming after them into the sea: and there was not left among them even one.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/exodus/14.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> And the waters returned, and covered the chariots and the horsemen of all the army of Pharao, who had come into the sea after them, neither did there so much as one of them remain. <a href="/cpdv/exodus/14.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> And the waters were returned, and they covered the chariots and horsemen of the entire army of Pharaoh, who, in following, had entered into the sea. And not so much as one of them was left alive. <a href="/nabre/exodus/14.htm">New American Bible</a> As the water flowed back, it covered the chariots and the horsemen. Of all Pharaoh’s army which had followed the Israelites into the sea, not even one escaped. <a href="/nrsvce/exodus/14.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> The waters returned and covered the chariots and the chariot drivers, the entire army of Pharaoh that had followed them into the sea; not one of them remained.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/exodus/14.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> And the waters returned, and covered the chariots and the horsemen and all the host of Pharaoh that came into the sea after them; there remained not a single one of them. <a href="/hpbt/exodus/14.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> And the waters returned and covered the chariots and the horsemen and all the army of Pharaoh who went in after them into the sea, and none of them was left, not even one.<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/exodus/14.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> And the waters returned, and covered the chariots, and the horsemen, even all the host of Pharaoh that went in after them into the sea; there remained not so much as one of them. <a href="/sep/exodus/14.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> and the water returned and covered the chariots and the riders, and all the forces of Pharao, who entered after them into the sea: and there was not left of them even one. <a href="/parallel/exodus/14-28.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/kVae3PiKqhs?start=3662" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/exodus/14.htm">Parting the Red Sea</a> …27So Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and at daybreak the sea returned to its normal state. As the Egyptians were retreating, the LORD swept them into the sea. 28<a href="/hebrew/4325.htm" title="4325: ham·ma·yim (Art:: N-mp) -- Waters, water. Dual of a primitive noun; water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen.">The waters</a> <a href="/hebrew/7725.htm" title="7725: way·yā·šu·ḇū (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp) -- A primitive root; to turn back transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively; generally to retreat; often adverbial, again.">flowed back</a> <a href="/hebrew/3680.htm" title="3680: way·ḵas·sū (Conj-w:: V-Piel-ConsecImperf-3mp) -- To cover. A primitive root; properly, to plump, i.e. Fill up hollows; by implication, to cover.">and covered</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: ’eṯ- (DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/7393.htm" title="7393: hā·re·ḵeḇ (Art:: N-ms) -- From rakab; a vehicle; by implication, a team; by extension, cavalry; by analogy a rider, i.e. The upper millstone.">the chariots</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: wə·’eṯ- (Conj-w:: DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/6571.htm" title="6571: hap·pā·rā·šîm (Art:: N-mp) -- A steed, a driver, cavalry. From parash; a steed (compare cuwc); also a driver, i.e. cavalry.">and horsemen—</a> <a href="/hebrew/3605.htm" title="3605: lə·ḵōl (Prep-l:: N-msc) -- The whole, all. Or kowl; from kalal; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every.">the entire</a> <a href="/hebrew/2428.htm" title="2428: ḥêl (N-msc) -- From chuwl; probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength.">army</a> <a href="/hebrew/6547.htm" title="6547: par·‘ōh (N-proper-ms) -- A title of Eg. kings. Of Egyptian derivation; Paroh, a general title of Egyptian kings.">of Pharaoh</a> <a href="/hebrew/935.htm" title="935: hab·bā·’îm (Art:: V-Qal-Prtcpl-mp) -- To come in, come, go in, go. A primitive root; to go or come.">that had chased</a> <a href="/hebrew/310.htm" title="310: ’a·ḥă·rê·hem (Prep:: 3mp) -- The hind or following part. From 'achar; properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after.">the Israelites</a> <a href="/hebrew/3220.htm" title="3220: bay·yām (Prep-b, Art:: N-ms) -- A sea or large body of water; specifically, the Mediterranean Sea; sometimes a large river.">into the sea.</a> <a href="/hebrew/3808.htm" title="3808: lō- (Adv-NegPrt) -- Not. Or lowi; or loh; a primitive particle; not; by implication, no; often used with other particles.">Not</a> <a href="/hebrew/259.htm" title="259: ’e·ḥāḏ (Number-ms) -- One. A numeral from 'achad; properly, united, i.e. One; or first.">one</a> <a href="/hebrew/bā·hem (Prep:: 3mp) -- ">of them</a> <a href="/hebrew/7604.htm" title="7604: niš·’ar (V-Nifal-Perf-3ms) -- To remain, be left over. A primitive root; properly, to swell up, i.e. Be redundant.">survived.</a> <a href="/hebrew/5704.htm" title="5704: ‘aḏ- (Prep) -- As far as, even to, up to, until, while. Properly, the same as ad; as far as, whether of space or time or degree."></a> 29But the Israelites had walked through the sea on dry ground, with walls of water on their right and on their left.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/psalms/136-15.htm">Psalm 136:15</a> but swept Pharaoh and his army into the Red Sea. His loving devotion endures forever. <a href="/hebrews/11-29.htm">Hebrews 11:29</a> By faith the people passed through the Red Sea as on dry land; but when the Egyptians tried to follow, they were drowned. <a href="/nehemiah/9-11.htm">Nehemiah 9:11</a> You divided the sea before them, and they crossed through it on dry ground. You hurled their pursuers into the depths like a stone into raging waters. <a href="/joshua/24-7.htm">Joshua 24:7</a> So your fathers cried out to the LORD, and He put darkness between you and the Egyptians, over whom He brought the sea and engulfed them. Your very eyes saw what I did to the Egyptians. Then you lived in the wilderness for a long time. <a href="/psalms/106-11.htm">Psalm 106:11</a> The waters covered their foes; not one of them remained. <a href="/isaiah/51-10.htm">Isaiah 51:10</a> Was it not You who dried up the sea, the waters of the great deep, who made a road in the depths of the sea for the redeemed to cross over? <a href="/1_corinthians/10-1.htm">1 Corinthians 10:1-2</a> I do not want you to be unaware, brothers, that our forefathers were all under the cloud, and that they all passed through the sea. / They were all baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea. <a href="/acts/7-36.htm">Acts 7:36</a> He led them out and performed wonders and signs in the land of Egypt, at the Red Sea, and for forty years in the wilderness. <a href="/psalms/78-53.htm">Psalm 78:53</a> He led them safely, so they did not fear, but the sea engulfed their enemies. <a href="/isaiah/43-16.htm">Isaiah 43:16-17</a> Thus says the LORD, who makes a way in the sea and a path through the surging waters, / who brings out the chariots and horses, the armies and warriors together, to lie down, never to rise again; to be extinguished, snuffed out like a wick: <a href="/romans/9-17.htm">Romans 9:17-18</a> For the Scripture says to Pharaoh: “I raised you up for this very purpose, that I might display My power in you, and that My name might be proclaimed in all the earth.” / Therefore God has mercy on whom He wants to have mercy, and He hardens whom He wants to harden. <a href="/revelation/15-3.htm">Revelation 15:3</a> and they sang the song of God’s servant Moses and of the Lamb: “Great and wonderful are Your works, O Lord God Almighty! Just and true are Your ways, O King of the nations! <a href="/exodus/15-4.htm">Exodus 15:4-5</a> Pharaoh’s chariots and army He has cast into the sea; the finest of his officers are drowned in the Red Sea. / The depths have covered them; they sank there like a stone. <a href="/deuteronomy/11-4.htm">Deuteronomy 11:4</a> what He did to the Egyptian army and horses and chariots when He made the waters of the Red Sea engulf them as they pursued you, and how He destroyed them completely, even to this day; <a href="/psalms/77-16.htm">Psalm 77:16-20</a> The waters saw You, O God; the waters saw You and swirled; even the depths were shaken. / The clouds poured down water; the skies resounded with thunder; Your arrows flashed back and forth. / Your thunder resounded in the whirlwind; the lightning lit up the world; the earth trembled and quaked. ...</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>And the waters returned, and covered the chariots, and the horsemen, and all the host of Pharaoh that came into the sea after them; there remained not so much as one of them.the waters<a href="/exodus/15-10.htm">Exodus 15:10</a> Thou didst blow with thy wind, the sea covered them: they sank as lead in the mighty waters.<a href="/deuteronomy/11-4.htm">Deuteronomy 11:4</a> And what he did unto the army of Egypt, unto their horses, and to their chariots; how he made the water of the Red sea to overflow them as they pursued after you, and how the LORD hath destroyed them unto this day;<a href="/nehemiah/9-11.htm">Nehemiah 9:11</a> And thou didst divide the sea before them, so that they went through the midst of the sea on the dry land; and their persecutors thou threwest into the deeps, as a stone into the mighty waters.remained<a href="/exodus/14-13.htm">Exodus 14:13</a> And Moses said unto the people, Fear ye not, stand still, and see the salvation of the LORD, which he will shew to you to day: for the Egyptians whom ye have seen to day, ye shall see them again no more for ever.<a href="/2_chronicles/20-24.htm">2 Chronicles 20:24</a> And when Judah came toward the watch tower in the wilderness, they looked unto the multitude, and, behold, they were dead bodies fallen to the earth, and none escaped.<a href="/psalms/106-9.htm">Psalm 106:9-11</a> He rebuked the Red sea also, and it was dried up: so he led them through the depths, as through the wilderness… <div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/exodus/14-24.htm">Army</a> <a href="/exodus/14-26.htm">Chariots</a> <a href="/exodus/10-5.htm">Cover</a> <a href="/exodus/10-22.htm">Covered</a> <a href="/exodus/2-12.htm">Covering</a> <a href="/genesis/45-8.htm">Entire</a> <a href="/genesis/2-10.htm">Flowed</a> <a href="/exodus/14-23.htm">Followed</a> <a href="/exodus/14-17.htm">Force</a> <a href="/exodus/14-26.htm">Horsemen</a> <a href="/exodus/14-24.htm">Host</a> <a href="/exodus/14-25.htm">Israelites</a> <a href="/exodus/14-27.htm">Middle</a> <a href="/exodus/14-23.htm">Pharaoh</a> <a href="/exodus/14-23.htm">Pharaoh's</a> <a href="/exodus/14-27.htm">Sea</a> <a href="/genesis/14-10.htm">Survived</a> <a href="/exodus/14-26.htm">Water</a> <a href="/exodus/14-26.htm">Waters</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/exodus/15-4.htm">Army</a> <a href="/exodus/15-4.htm">Chariots</a> <a href="/exodus/15-5.htm">Cover</a> <a href="/exodus/15-5.htm">Covered</a> <a href="/exodus/21-10.htm">Covering</a> <a href="/exodus/16-9.htm">Entire</a> <a href="/judges/5-5.htm">Flowed</a> <a href="/exodus/15-20.htm">Followed</a> <a href="/exodus/15-4.htm">Force</a> <a href="/exodus/15-19.htm">Horsemen</a> <a href="/exodus/15-4.htm">Host</a> <a href="/exodus/14-29.htm">Israelites</a> <a href="/exodus/26-28.htm">Middle</a> <a href="/exodus/15-4.htm">Pharaoh</a> <a href="/exodus/15-4.htm">Pharaoh's</a> <a href="/exodus/14-29.htm">Sea</a> <a href="/numbers/14-38.htm">Survived</a> <a href="/exodus/14-29.htm">Water</a> <a href="/exodus/14-29.htm">Waters</a><div class="vheading2">Exodus 14</div>1. <a href="/exodus/14-1.htm">God instructs the Israelites in their journey</a> 5. <a href="/exodus/14-5.htm">Pharaoh pursues after them</a> 10. <a href="/exodus/14-10.htm">The Israelites murmur</a> 13. <a href="/exodus/14-13.htm">Moses comforts them</a> 15. <a href="/exodus/14-15.htm">God instructs Moses</a> 19. <a href="/exodus/14-19.htm">The cloud removes behind the camp</a> 21. <a href="/exodus/14-21.htm">The Israelites pass through the Red sea, which drowns the Egyptians</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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This act of divine intervention is a demonstration of God's power over creation, reminiscent of the creation narrative where God separates the waters (<a href="/genesis/1-6.htm">Genesis 1:6-7</a>). It signifies God's control over nature and His ability to protect His people.and covered the chariots and horsemen The chariots and horsemen represent the military might of ancient Egypt, one of the most powerful empires of the time. Chariots were a symbol of strength and technological advancement in warfare. The covering of these forces by the waters signifies the futility of human power against divine will. This event is a fulfillment of God's promise to fight for Israel (<a href="/exodus/14-14.htm">Exodus 14:14</a>) and serves as a reminder of His sovereignty.the entire army of Pharaoh Pharaoh's army was a formidable force, and its destruction underscores the totality of God's deliverance. Historically, Pharaohs were considered divine or semi-divine figures, and their armies were seen as invincible. The complete defeat of Pharaoh's forces highlights the supremacy of the God of Israel over the gods of Egypt, as seen in the plagues that preceded this event (Exodus 7-12).that had chased the Israelites into the sea This pursuit into the sea represents Pharaoh's hardened heart and his refusal to acknowledge God's authority, despite the plagues and warnings. Theologically, it illustrates the theme of judgment against those who oppose God's plans. The pursuit also serves as a test of faith for the Israelites, who had to trust in God's deliverance despite the imminent threat.Not one of them survived The total annihilation of Pharaoh's army is a testament to the completeness of God's judgment and deliverance. It echoes the theme of divine justice found throughout Scripture, where God's enemies are ultimately defeated (<a href="/psalms/136-15.htm">Psalm 136:15</a>). This phrase also prefigures the ultimate victory over sin and death through Jesus Christ, who delivers His people from spiritual bondage. The complete destruction of the Egyptian forces serves as a foreshadowing of the final judgment where evil will be fully eradicated.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/p/pharaoh.htm">Pharaoh</a> The ruler of Egypt who pursued the Israelites after initially allowing them to leave. His hardened heart led to the destruction of his army. 2. <a href="/topical/t/the_israelites.htm">The Israelites</a> The people of God, led by Moses, who were escaping slavery in Egypt and crossing the Red Sea to freedom. 3. <a href="/topical/t/the_red_sea.htm">The Red Sea</a> The body of water that God miraculously parted to allow the Israelites to escape from the Egyptian army. 4. <a href="/topical/t/the_egyptian_army.htm">The Egyptian Army</a> Comprising chariots and horsemen, they pursued the Israelites into the Red Sea, only to be drowned when the waters returned. 5. <a href="/topical/m/moses.htm">Moses</a> The leader of the Israelites, chosen by God to lead His people out of Egypt and through the wilderness.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_and_power.htm">God's Sovereignty and Power</a> The event at the Red Sea demonstrates God's supreme power over nature and nations. He is sovereign and can deliver His people from seemingly impossible situations. <a href="/topical/j/judgment_and_deliverance.htm">Judgment and Deliverance</a> The destruction of the Egyptian army serves as a reminder of God's judgment against those who oppose Him and His people. It also highlights His deliverance of those who trust in Him. <a href="/topical/f/faith_in_action.htm">Faith in Action</a> The Israelites' crossing of the Red Sea required faith. In our lives, stepping out in faith often precedes witnessing God's miraculous interventions. <a href="/topical/g/god's_faithfulness.htm">God's Faithfulness</a> This event is a testament to God's faithfulness to His promises. He had promised to deliver Israel, and He fulfilled that promise in a dramatic way. <a href="/topical/t/the_cost_of_disobedience.htm">The Cost of Disobedience</a> Pharaoh's persistent disobedience and hardened heart led to the destruction of his army. This serves as a warning about the consequences of resisting God's will.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_exodus_14.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Exodus 14</a> <a href="/q/who_was_the_pharaoh_during_the_exodus.htm">Who was the Pharaoh during the Exodus?</a> <a href="/q/why_do_finds_contradict_exodus.htm">Why do archaeological findings contradict the biblical Exodus story?</a> <a href="/q/how_do_i_become_a_child_of_god.htm">Why do evil people succeed?</a> <a href="/q/why_don't_egyptians_mention_the_plagues.htm">Why do Egyptian sources not mention the ten plagues or the drowning of Pharaoh’s army?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/exodus/14.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(28) The chariots, and the horsemen, and all the host . . . --This translation is misleading. The Heb. runs thus: "The chariots and the horsemen (who were) all the host of Pharaoh that came into the sea." It is implied that his footmen did not enter the sea.There remained not so much as one of them.--The armour of an Egyptian warrior would make it impossible for him to escape by swimming from such a catastrophe. All who were caught by the tide would certainly be drowned. The question whether the Pharaon was drowned or no cannot be ruled by the expression here used, nor by any parallel one in the Psalms (<a href="/psalms/78-53.htm" title="And he led them on safely, so that they feared not: but the sea overwhelmed their enemies.">Psalm 78:53</a>; <a href="/psalms/106-11.htm" title="And the waters covered their enemies: there was not one of them left.">Psalm 106:11</a>); it depends on more general considerations. In the first place, is it likely that if the Pharaoh had been killed there would have been no explicit mention of it? Would the point have remained one open to question? Secondly, if the Pharaoh had been killed, would the Egyptian annals have retained no trace of it? Must we not have had some account of a great king cut off in the flower of his age, after a reign of two, or at the most three, years? (Comp. <a href="/exodus/2-23.htm" title="And it came to pass in process of time, that the king of Egypt died: and the children of Israel sighed by reason of the bondage, and they cried, and their cry came up to God by reason of the bondage.">Exodus 2:23</a>; <a href="/exodus/4-19.htm" title="And the LORD said to Moses in Midian, Go, return into Egypt: for all the men are dead which sought your life.">Exodus 4:19</a>, &c.) But Menephthah, to whom all the indications point, reigned at least eight years. The latter part of his reign was inglorious, and he left the empire a prey to pretenders; but he was not suddenly cut off after reigning a year or two. Thirdly, was an Egyptian king sure to lead an attack, and place himself in the position of most peril? This has been asserted, and it is so far true, that most Egyptian kings, according to the records which they have left of themselves, so acted. But it happens that Menephthah records it of himself that on one great occasion, at any rate, he kept himself out of danger. His country was invaded by a vast army of Libyans and others from the northwest in the fifth year of his reign; the assailants menaced his chief cities, and the peril was great. Menephthah collected all his forces to meet the danger, but declined to lead them out in person, pretending that one of the Egyptian gods, Phthah, had forbidden him to quit Memphis (Brugsch, History of Egypt, vol. ii., p. 119). It is thus quite probable that he would remain with the reserve of footmen when the chariots and horsemen entered the bed of the sea.<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/exodus/14.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 28. - The chariots and the horsemen, and all the host of Pharaoh. Rather "The chariots, and the chariot men of all the host of Pharaoh." So Knobel correctly. Kalisch thinks - "We are not permitted to suppose that only the Egyptian chariots pursued the Israelites into the sea, while the infantry remained behind, so that the former alone were devoured by the waves." But even he admits that "both in this and in the following chapter, and in most other parts generally, the destruction of the chariots (chariot force?) and its warriors is chiefly alluded to, so that this particular stress would perhaps justify that conclusion." What is clear is, that no force but the chariot force is said to have entered the bed of the sea in pursuit of Israel. There remained not so much as one of them. On the proper understanding of this statement, see the introductory paragraph to the chapter. <a href="/commentaries/exodus/14-28.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>The waters הַמַּ֗יִם (ham·ma·yim) Article | Noun - masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4325.htm">Strong's 4325: </a> Water, juice, urine, semen flowed back וַיָּשֻׁ֣בוּ (way·yā·šu·ḇū) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7725.htm">Strong's 7725: </a> To turn back, in, to retreat, again and covered וַיְכַסּ֤וּ (way·ḵas·sū) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3680.htm">Strong's 3680: </a> To plump, fill up hollows, to cover the chariots הָרֶ֙כֶב֙ (hā·re·ḵeḇ) Article | Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7393.htm">Strong's 7393: </a> A vehicle, a team, cavalry, a rider, the upper millstone and horsemen— הַפָּ֣רָשִׁ֔ים (hap·pā·rā·šîm) Article | Noun - masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6571.htm">Strong's 6571: </a> A steed, a driver, cavalry the entire לְכֹל֙ (lə·ḵōl) Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3605.htm">Strong's 3605: </a> The whole, all, any, every army חֵ֣יל (ḥêl) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_2426.htm">Strong's 2426: </a> An army, an intrenchment of Pharaoh פַּרְעֹ֔ה (par·‘ōh) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6547.htm">Strong's 6547: </a> Pharaoh -- a title of Egypt kings that had chased הַבָּאִ֥ים (hab·bā·’îm) Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_935.htm">Strong's 935: </a> To come in, come, go in, go [the Israelites] אַחֲרֵיהֶ֖ם (’a·ḥă·rê·hem) Preposition | third person masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_310.htm">Strong's 310: </a> The hind or following part into the sea. בַּיָּ֑ם (bay·yām) Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3220.htm">Strong's 3220: </a> A sea, the Mediterranean Sea, large river, an artifical basin Not לֹֽא־ (lō-) Adverb - Negative particle <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3808.htm">Strong's 3808: </a> Not, no one of them אֶחָֽד׃ (’e·ḥāḏ) Number - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_259.htm">Strong's 259: </a> United, one, first survived. נִשְׁאַ֥ר (niš·’ar) Verb - Nifal - Perfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7604.htm">Strong's 7604: </a> To swell up, be, redundant <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/exodus/14-28.htm">Exodus 14:28 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/exodus/14-28.htm">Exodus 14:28 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/exodus/14-28.htm">Exodus 14:28 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/exodus/14-28.htm">Exodus 14:28 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/exodus/14-28.htm">Exodus 14:28 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/exodus/14-28.htm">Exodus 14:28 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/exodus/14-28.htm">Exodus 14:28 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/exodus/14-28.htm">Exodus 14:28 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/exodus/14-28.htm">Exodus 14:28 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/exodus/14-28.htm">Exodus 14:28 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/exodus/14-28.htm">OT Law: Exodus 14:28 The waters returned and covered the chariots (Exo. Ex) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/exodus/14-27.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Exodus 14:27"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Exodus 14:27" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/exodus/14-29.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Exodus 14:29"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Exodus 14:29" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>