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data smoothing</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: GPS code data smoothing"> <meta name="keywords" content="GPS code data smoothing"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="GPS code data smoothing"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 26099</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: GPS code data smoothing</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26099</span> Estimation of Train Operation Using an Exponential Smoothing Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taiyo%20Matsumura">Taiyo Matsumura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuninori%20Takahashi"> Kuninori Takahashi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takashi%20Ono"> Takashi Ono</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this research is to improve the convenience of waiting for trains at level crossings and stations and to prevent accidents resulting from forcible entry into level crossings, by providing level crossing users and passengers with information that tells them when the next train will pass through or arrive. For this paper, we proposed methods for estimating operation by means of an average value method, variable response smoothing method, and exponential smoothing method, on the basis of open data, which has low accuracy, but for which performance schedules are distributed in real time. We then examined the accuracy of the estimations. The results showed that the application of an exponential smoothing method is valid. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exponential%20smoothing%20method" title="exponential smoothing method">exponential smoothing method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20data" title=" open data"> open data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operation%20estimation" title=" operation estimation"> operation estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=train%20schedule" title=" train schedule"> train schedule</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78572/estimation-of-train-operation-using-an-exponential-smoothing-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78572.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26098</span> Dividends Smoothing in an Era of Unclaimed Dividends: A Panel Data Analysis in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Apedzan%20Emmanuel%20Kighir">Apedzan Emmanuel Kighir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research investigates dividends smoothing among non-financial companies trading on the Nigerian Stock Exchange in an era of unclaimed dividends from 2004 to 2013. There has been a raging controversy among Regulatory Authorities, Company Executives, Registrars of Companies, Shareholders and the general public regarding the increasing incidence of unclaimed dividends in Nigeria. The objective of this study is to find out if corporate earnings management through dividends smoothing is implicated in unclaimed dividends among Nigerian non-financial firms. The research used panel data and employed Generalized Method of Moment as method of analysis. The research finds evidence of dividends-smoothing in this era of unclaimed dividends in Nigeria. The research concludes that dividends-smoothing is a trigger and red flag for unclaimed dividends, an output of earnings management. If earnings management and hence unclaimed dividends in Nigeria is allowed to continue, it will lead to great consequences to the investors and corporate policy of government. It is believed that the research will assist investors and government in making informed decisions regarding dividends policy in Nigeria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dividends%20smoothing" title="dividends smoothing">dividends smoothing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non%20financial%20companies" title=" non financial companies"> non financial companies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigerian%20stock%20exchange" title=" Nigerian stock exchange"> Nigerian stock exchange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unclaimed%20dividends" title=" unclaimed dividends"> unclaimed dividends</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20earnings%20management" title=" corporate earnings management"> corporate earnings management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41198/dividends-smoothing-in-an-era-of-unclaimed-dividends-a-panel-data-analysis-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41198.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26097</span> Accounting and Auditing Standards Influence on Income Smoothing Perspective in Islamic Financial Institutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatma%20Ezzahra%20Kateb">Fatma Ezzahra Kateb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neila%20Boulila%20Taktak"> Neila Boulila Taktak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Kabir%20Hassan"> Mohamed Kabir Hassan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We examine the impact of Islamic accounting and auditing standards issued by the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) on the income smoothing perspective of Islamic financial institutions located in the Middle East and North Africa region between 2013 and 2018. Based on General Least square regression for panel data, we find a significant and positive relationship between intentional income smoothing and earning persistence and cash flow predictability in all models. However, we discovered that AAOIFI accounting standards (FAS) had a negative and significant effect on intentional income smoothing and earning persistence. As a result, the income smoothing efficiency is lower for IFIs that use FASs than IFIs that use IFRSs. Our findings emphasize the need for specific standards to enhance the relevance of financial reports disclosed by Islamic financial institutions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AAOIFI" title="AAOIFI">AAOIFI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20reporting%20quality" title=" financial reporting quality"> financial reporting quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=income%20smoothing%20perspective" title=" income smoothing perspective"> income smoothing perspective</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MENA%20countries" title=" MENA countries"> MENA countries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157853/accounting-and-auditing-standards-influence-on-income-smoothing-perspective-in-islamic-financial-institutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157853.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26096</span> Mobile Platform’s Attitude Determination Based on Smoothed GPS Code Data and Carrier-Phase Measurements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Ramdani">Mohamed Ramdani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassen%20Abdellaoui"> Hassen Abdellaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdenour%20Boudrassen"> Abdenour Boudrassen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mobile platform’s attitude estimation approaches mainly based on combined positioning techniques and developed algorithms; which aim to reach a fast and accurate solution. In this work, we describe the design and the implementation of an attitude determination (AD) process, using only measurements from GPS sensors. The major issue is based on smoothed GPS code data using Hatch filter and raw carrier-phase measurements integrated into attitude algorithm based on vectors measurement using least squares (LSQ) estimation method. GPS dataset from a static experiment is used to investigate the effectiveness of the presented approach and consequently to check the accuracy of the attitude estimation algorithm. Attitude results from GPS multi-antenna over short baselines are introduced and analyzed. The 3D accuracy of estimated attitude parameters using smoothed measurements is over 0.27°. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitude%20determination" title="attitude determination">attitude determination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPS%20code%20data%20smoothing" title=" GPS code data smoothing"> GPS code data smoothing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hatch%20filter" title=" hatch filter"> hatch filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carrier-phase%20measurements" title=" carrier-phase measurements"> carrier-phase measurements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=least-squares%20attitude%20estimation" title=" least-squares attitude estimation"> least-squares attitude estimation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108141/mobile-platforms-attitude-determination-based-on-smoothed-gps-code-data-and-carrier-phase-measurements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108141.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26095</span> Forecasting Cancers Cases in Algeria Using Double Exponential Smoothing Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Messis%20A.">Messis A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adjebli%20A."> Adjebli A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayeche%20R."> Ayeche R.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Talbi%20M."> Talbi M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tighilet%20K."> Tighilet K.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Louardiane%20M."> Louardiane M.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cancers are the second cause of death worldwide. Prevalence and incidence of cancers is getting increased by aging and population growth. This study aims to predict and modeling the evolution of breast, Colorectal, Lung, Bladder and Prostate cancers over the period of 2014-2019. In this study, data were analyzed using time series analysis with double exponential smoothing method to forecast the future pattern. To describe and fit the appropriate models, Minitab statistical software version 17 was used. Between 2014 and 2019, the overall trend in the raw number of new cancer cases registered has been increasing over time; the change in observations over time has been increasing. Our forecast model is validated since we have good prediction for the period 2020 and data not available for 2021 and 2022. Time series analysis showed that the double exponential smoothing is an efficient tool to model the future data on the raw number of new cancer cases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer" title="cancer">cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20series" title=" time series"> time series</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prediction" title=" prediction"> prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double%20exponential%20smoothing" title=" double exponential smoothing"> double exponential smoothing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164142/forecasting-cancers-cases-in-algeria-using-double-exponential-smoothing-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164142.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26094</span> Using “Eckel” Model to Measure Income Smoothing Practices: The Case of French Companies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feddaoui%20Amina">Feddaoui Amina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Income smoothing represents an attempt on the part of the company's management to reduce variations in earnings through the manipulation of the accounting principles. In this study, we aimed to measure income smoothing practices in a sample of 30 French joint stock companies during the period (2007-2009), we used Dummy variables method and “ECKEL” model to measure income smoothing practices and Binomial test accourding to SPSS program, to confirm or refute our hypothesis. This study concluded that there are no significant statistical indicators of income smoothing practices in the sample studied of French companies during the period (2007-2009), so the income series in the same sample studied of is characterized by stability and non-volatility without any intervention of management through accounting manipulation. However, this type of accounting manipulation should be taken into account and efforts should be made by control bodies to apply Eckel model and generalize its use at the global level. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=income" title="income">income</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smoothing" title=" smoothing"> smoothing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%27Eckel%27" title=" 'Eckel'"> 'Eckel'</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=French%20companies" title=" French companies"> French companies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90241/using-eckel-model-to-measure-income-smoothing-practices-the-case-of-french-companies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26093</span> Statistical and Land Planning Study of Tourist Arrivals in Greece during 2005-2016</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimitra%20Alexiou">Dimitra Alexiou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During the last 10 years, in spite of the economic crisis, the number of tourists arriving in Greece has increased, particularly during the tourist season from April to October. In this paper, the number of annual tourist arrivals is studied to explore their preferences with regard to the month of travel, the selected destinations, as well the amount of money spent. The collected data are processed with statistical methods, yielding numerical and graphical results. From the computation of statistical parameters and the forecasting with exponential smoothing, useful conclusions are arrived at that can be used by the Greek tourism authorities, as well as by tourist organizations, for planning purposes for the coming years. The results of this paper and the computed forecast can also be used for decision making by private tourist enterprises that are investing in Greece. With regard to the statistical methods, the method of Simple Exponential Smoothing of time series of data is employed. The search for a best forecast for 2017 and 2018 provides the value of the smoothing coefficient. For all statistical computations and graphics Microsoft Excel is used. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title="tourism">tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20methods" title=" statistical methods"> statistical methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exponential%20smoothing" title=" exponential smoothing"> exponential smoothing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20spatial%20planning" title=" land spatial planning"> land spatial planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economy" title=" economy"> economy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85537/statistical-and-land-planning-study-of-tourist-arrivals-in-greece-during-2005-2016" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85537.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26092</span> A Comparison of Smoothing Spline Method and Penalized Spline Regression Method Based on Nonparametric Regression Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Autcha%20Araveeporn">Autcha Araveeporn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a study about a nonparametric regression model consisting of a smoothing spline method and a penalized spline regression method. We also compare the techniques used for estimation and prediction of nonparametric regression model. We tried both methods with crude oil prices in dollars per barrel and the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET) index. According to the results, it is concluded that smoothing spline method performs better than that of penalized spline regression method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonparametric%20regression%20model" title="nonparametric regression model">nonparametric regression model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=penalized%20spline%20regression%20method" title=" penalized spline regression method"> penalized spline regression method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smoothing%20spline%20method" title=" smoothing spline method"> smoothing spline method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stock%20Exchange%20of%20Thailand%20%28SET%29" title=" Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET)"> Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2974/a-comparison-of-smoothing-spline-method-and-penalized-spline-regression-method-based-on-nonparametric-regression-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2974.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">439</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26091</span> Code-Switching and Code Mixing among Ogba-English Bilingual Conversations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ben-Fred%20Ohia">Ben-Fred Ohia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Code-switching and code-mixing are linguistic behaviours that arise in a bilingual situation. They limit speakers in a conversation to decide which code they should use to utter particular phrases or words in the course of carrying out their utterance. Every human society is characterized by the existence of diverse linguistic varieties. The speakers of these varieties at some points have various degrees of contact with the non-speakers of their variety, which one of the outcomes of the linguistic contact is code-switching or code-mixing. The work discusses the nature of code-switching and code-mixing in Ogba-English bilinguals’ speeches. It provides a detailed explanation of the concept of code-switching and code-mixing and explains the typology of code-switching and code-mixing and their manifestation in Ogba-English bilingual speakers’ speeches. The findings reveal that code-switching and code-mixing are functionally motivated and being triggered by various conversational contexts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bilinguals" title="bilinguals">bilinguals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=code-mixing" title=" code-mixing"> code-mixing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=code-switching" title=" code-switching"> code-switching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ogba" title=" Ogba"> Ogba</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122982/code-switching-and-code-mixing-among-ogba-english-bilingual-conversations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122982.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">181</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26090</span> Binarized-Weight Bilateral Filter for Low Computational Cost Image Smoothing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu%20Zhang">Yu Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kohei%20Inoue"> Kohei Inoue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kiichi%20Urahama"> Kiichi Urahama</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We propose a simplified bilateral filter with binarized coefficients for accelerating it. Its computational cost is further decreased by sampling pixels. This computationally low cost filter is useful for smoothing or denoising images by using mobile devices with limited computational power. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bilateral%20filter" title="bilateral filter">bilateral filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binarized-weight%20bilateral%20filter" title=" binarized-weight bilateral filter"> binarized-weight bilateral filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20smoothing" title=" image smoothing"> image smoothing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20denoising" title=" image denoising"> image denoising</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pixel%20sampling" title=" pixel sampling"> pixel sampling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8980/binarized-weight-bilateral-filter-for-low-computational-cost-image-smoothing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">469</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26089</span> Quantile Smoothing Splines: Application on Productivity of Enterprises</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Semra%20Turkan">Semra Turkan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we have examined the factors that affect the productivity of Turkey’s Top 500 Industrial Enterprises in 2014. The labor productivity of enterprises is taken as an indicator of productivity of industrial enterprises. When the relationships between some financial ratios and labor productivity, it is seen that there is a nonparametric relationship between labor productivity and return on sales. In addition, the distribution of labor productivity of enterprises is right-skewed. If the dependent distribution is skewed, the quantile regression is more suitable for this data. Hence, the nonparametric relationship between labor productivity and return on sales by quantile smoothing splines. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantile%20regression" title="quantile regression">quantile regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smoothing%20spline" title=" smoothing spline"> smoothing spline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=labor%20productivity" title=" labor productivity"> labor productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20ratios" title=" financial ratios"> financial ratios</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60552/quantile-smoothing-splines-application-on-productivity-of-enterprises" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60552.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26088</span> Forecasting Unemployment Rate in Selected European Countries Using Smoothing Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ksenija%20Dumi%C4%8Di%C4%87">Ksenija Dumičić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anita%20%C4%8Ceh%20%C4%8Casni"> Anita Čeh Časni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Berislav%20%C5%BDmuk"> Berislav Žmuk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to select the most accurate forecasting method for predicting the future values of the unemployment rate in selected European countries. In order to do so, several forecasting techniques adequate for forecasting time series with trend component, were selected, namely: double exponential smoothing (also known as Holt`s method) and Holt-Winters` method which accounts for trend and seasonality. The results of the empirical analysis showed that the optimal model for forecasting unemployment rate in Greece was Holt-Winters` additive method. In the case of Spain, according to MAPE, the optimal model was double exponential smoothing model. Furthermore, for Croatia and Italy the best forecasting model for unemployment rate was Holt-Winters` multiplicative model, whereas in the case of Portugal the best model to forecast unemployment rate was Double exponential smoothing model. Our findings are in line with European Commission unemployment rate estimates. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=European%20Union%20countries" title="European Union countries">European Union countries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exponential%20smoothing%20methods" title=" exponential smoothing methods"> exponential smoothing methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forecast%20accuracy%20unemployment%20rate" title=" forecast accuracy unemployment rate"> forecast accuracy unemployment rate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18328/forecasting-unemployment-rate-in-selected-european-countries-using-smoothing-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18328.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">369</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26087</span> A Rapid Code Acquisition Scheme in OOC-Based CDMA Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keunhong%20Chae">Keunhong Chae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seokho%20Yoon"> Seokho Yoon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We propose a code acquisition scheme called improved multiple-shift (IMS) for optical code division multiple access systems, where the optical orthogonal code is used instead of the pseudo noise code. Although the IMS algorithm has a similar process to that of the conventional MS algorithm, it has a better code acquisition performance than the conventional MS algorithm. We analyze the code acquisition performance of the IMS algorithm and compare the code acquisition performances of the MS and the IMS algorithms in single-user and multi-user environments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=code%20acquisition" title="code acquisition">code acquisition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20CDMA" title=" optical CDMA"> optical CDMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20orthogonal%20code" title=" optical orthogonal code"> optical orthogonal code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serial%20algorithm" title=" serial algorithm"> serial algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23348/a-rapid-code-acquisition-scheme-in-ooc-based-cdma-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23348.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">539</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26086</span> Mean Shift-Based Preprocessing Methodology for Improved 3D Buildings Reconstruction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikolaos%20Vassilas">Nikolaos Vassilas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Theocharis%20Tsenoglou"> Theocharis Tsenoglou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djamchid%20Ghazanfarpour"> Djamchid Ghazanfarpour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work we explore the capability of the mean shift algorithm as a powerful preprocessing tool for improving the quality of spatial data, acquired from airborne scanners, from densely built urban areas. On one hand, high resolution image data corrupted by noise caused by lossy compression techniques are appropriately smoothed while at the same time preserving the optical edges and, on the other, low resolution LiDAR data in the form of normalized Digital Surface Map (nDSM) is upsampled through the joint mean shift algorithm. Experiments on both the edge-preserving smoothing and upsampling capabilities using synthetic RGB-z data show that the mean shift algorithm is superior to bilateral filtering as well as to other classical smoothing and upsampling algorithms. Application of the proposed methodology for 3D reconstruction of buildings of a pilot region of Athens, Greece results in a significant visual improvement of the 3D building block model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20buildings%20reconstruction" title="3D buildings reconstruction">3D buildings reconstruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20fusion" title=" data fusion"> data fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20upsampling" title=" data upsampling"> data upsampling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mean%20shift" title=" mean shift"> mean shift</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23279/mean-shift-based-preprocessing-methodology-for-improved-3d-buildings-reconstruction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23279.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">315</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26085</span> The Hyperbolic Smoothing Approach for Automatic Calibration of Rainfall-Runoff Models </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adilson%20Elias%20Xavier">Adilson Elias Xavier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Otto%20Corr%C3%AAa%20Rotunno%20Filho"> Otto Corrêa Rotunno Filho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paulo%20Canedo%20De%20Magalh%C3%A3es"> Paulo Canedo De Magalhães</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper addresses the issue of automatic parameter estimation in conceptual rainfall-runoff (CRR) models. Due to threshold structures commonly occurring in CRR models, the associated mathematical optimization problems have the significant characteristic of being strongly non-differentiable. In order to face this enormous task, the resolution method proposed adopts a smoothing strategy using a special C∞ differentiable class function. The final estimation solution is obtained by solving a sequence of differentiable subproblems which gradually approach the original conceptual problem. The use of this technique, called Hyperbolic Smoothing Method (HSM), makes possible the application of the most powerful minimization algorithms, and also allows for the main difficulties presented by the original CRR problem to be overcome. A set of computational experiments is presented for the purpose of illustrating both the reliability and the efficiency of the proposed approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rainfall-runoff%20models" title="rainfall-runoff models">rainfall-runoff models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20calibration" title=" automatic calibration"> automatic calibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperbolic%20smoothing%20method" title=" hyperbolic smoothing method"> hyperbolic smoothing method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123935/the-hyperbolic-smoothing-approach-for-automatic-calibration-of-rainfall-runoff-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123935.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26084</span> UNIX Source Code Leak: Evaluation and Feasible Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gu%20Dongxing">Gu Dongxing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Yuxuan"> Li Yuxuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nong%20Tengxiao"> Nong Tengxiao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burra%20Venkata%20Durga%20Kumar"> Burra Venkata Durga Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since computers are widely used in business models, more and more companies choose to store important information in computers to improve productivity. However, this information can be compromised in many cases, such as when it is stored locally on the company's computers or when it is transferred between servers and clients. Of these important information leaks, source code leaks are probably the most costly. Because the source code often represents the core technology of the company, especially for the Internet companies, source code leakage may even lead to the company's core products lose market competitiveness, and then lead to the bankruptcy of the company. In recent years, such as Microsoft, AMD and other large companies have occurred source code leakage events, suffered a huge loss. This reveals to us the importance and necessity of preventing source code leakage. This paper aims to find ways to prevent source code leakage based on the direction of operating system, and based on the fact that most companies use Linux or Linux-like system to realize the interconnection between server and client, to discuss how to reduce the possibility of source code leakage during data transmission. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20transmission" title="data transmission">data transmission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linux" title=" Linux"> Linux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20code" title=" source code"> source code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operating%20system" title=" operating system"> operating system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153161/unix-source-code-leak-evaluation-and-feasible-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153161.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26083</span> Optical Multicast over OBS Networks: An Approach Based on Code-Words and Tunable Decoders</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maha%20Sliti">Maha Sliti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Walid%20Abdallah"> Walid Abdallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noureddine%20Boudriga"> Noureddine Boudriga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the frame of this work, we present an optical multicasting approach based on optical code-words. Our approach associates, in the edge node, an optical code-word to a group multicast address. In the core node, a set of tunable decoders are used to send a traffic data to multiple destinations based on the received code-word. The use of code-words, which correspond to the combination of an input port and a set of output ports, allows the implementation of an optical switching matrix. At the reception of a burst, it will be delayed in an optical memory. And, the received optical code-word is split to a set of tunable optical decoders. When it matches a configured code-word, the delayed burst is switched to a set of output ports. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20multicast" title="optical multicast">optical multicast</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20burst%20switching%20networks" title=" optical burst switching networks"> optical burst switching networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20code-words" title=" optical code-words"> optical code-words</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tunable%20decoder" title=" tunable decoder"> tunable decoder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20optical%20memory" title=" virtual optical memory"> virtual optical memory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11614/optical-multicast-over-obs-networks-an-approach-based-on-code-words-and-tunable-decoders" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11614.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">607</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26082</span> Characterization of Onboard Reliable Error Correction Code FORSDRAM Controller</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Pitcheswara%20Rao">N. Pitcheswara Rao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the process of conveying the information there may be a chance of signal being corrupted which leads to the erroneous bits in the message. The message may consist of single, double and multiple bit errors. In high-reliability applications, memory can sustain multiple soft errors due to single or multiple event upsets caused by environmental factors. The traditional hamming code with SEC-DED capability cannot be address these types of errors. It is possible to use powerful non-binary BCH code such as Reed-Solomon code to address multiple errors. However, it could take at least a couple dozen cycles of latency to complete first correction and run at a relatively slow speed. In order to overcome this drawback i.e., to increase speed and latency we are using reed-Muller code. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEC-DED" title="SEC-DED">SEC-DED</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BCH%20code" title=" BCH code"> BCH code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reed-Solomon%20code" title=" Reed-Solomon code"> Reed-Solomon code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reed-Muller%20code" title=" Reed-Muller code"> Reed-Muller code</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33706/characterization-of-onboard-reliable-error-correction-code-forsdram-controller" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33706.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">428</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26081</span> A Trend Based Forecasting Framework of the ATA Method and Its Performance on the M3-Competition Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Taylan%20Selamlar">H. Taylan Selamlar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Yavuz"> I. Yavuz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Yapar"> G. Yapar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is difficult to make predictions especially about the future and making accurate predictions is not always easy. However, better predictions remain the foundation of all science therefore the development of accurate, robust and reliable forecasting methods is very important. Numerous number of forecasting methods have been proposed and studied in the literature. There are still two dominant major forecasting methods: Box-Jenkins ARIMA and Exponential Smoothing (ES), and still new methods are derived or inspired from them. After more than 50 years of widespread use, exponential smoothing is still one of the most practically relevant forecasting methods available due to their simplicity, robustness and accuracy as automatic forecasting procedures especially in the famous M-Competitions. Despite its success and widespread use in many areas, ES models have some shortcomings that negatively affect the accuracy of forecasts. Therefore, a new forecasting method in this study will be proposed to cope with these shortcomings and it will be called ATA method. This new method is obtained from traditional ES models by modifying the smoothing parameters therefore both methods have similar structural forms and ATA can be easily adapted to all of the individual ES models however ATA has many advantages due to its innovative new weighting scheme. In this paper, the focus is on modeling the trend component and handling seasonality patterns by utilizing classical decomposition. Therefore, ATA method is expanded to higher order ES methods for additive, multiplicative, additive damped and multiplicative damped trend components. The proposed models are called ATA trended models and their predictive performances are compared to their counter ES models on the M3 competition data set since it is still the most recent and comprehensive time-series data collection available. It is shown that the models outperform their counters on almost all settings and when a model selection is carried out amongst these trended models ATA outperforms all of the competitors in the M3- competition for both short term and long term forecasting horizons when the models’ forecasting accuracies are compared based on popular error metrics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accuracy" title="accuracy">accuracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exponential%20smoothing" title=" exponential smoothing"> exponential smoothing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forecasting" title=" forecasting"> forecasting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=initial%20value" title=" initial value"> initial value</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83013/a-trend-based-forecasting-framework-of-the-ata-method-and-its-performance-on-the-m3-competition-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83013.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26080</span> Characterization of Onboard Reliable Error Correction Code for SDRAM Controller</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pitcheswara%20Rao%20Nelapati">Pitcheswara Rao Nelapati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the process of conveying the information there may be a chance of signal being corrupted which leads to the erroneous bits in the message. The message may consist of single, double and multiple bit errors. In high-reliability applications, memory can sustain multiple soft errors due to single or multiple event upsets caused by environmental factors. The traditional hamming code with SEC-DED capability cannot be address these types of errors. It is possible to use powerful non-binary BCH code such as Reed-Solomon code to address multiple errors. However, it could take at least a couple dozen cycles of latency to complete first correction and run at a relatively slow speed. In order to overcome this drawback i.e., to increase speed and latency we are using reed-Muller code. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEC-DED" title="SEC-DED">SEC-DED</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BCH%20code" title=" BCH code"> BCH code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reed-Solomon%20code" title=" Reed-Solomon code"> Reed-Solomon code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reed-Muller%20code" title=" Reed-Muller code"> Reed-Muller code</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32965/characterization-of-onboard-reliable-error-correction-code-for-sdram-controller" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32965.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">429</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26079</span> Solving Optimal Control of Semilinear Elliptic Variational Inequalities Obstacle Problems using Smoothing Functions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Hassene%20Osmani">El Hassene Osmani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mounir%20Haddou"> Mounir Haddou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naceurdine%20Bensalem"> Naceurdine Bensalem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we investigate optimal control problems governed by semilinear elliptic variational inequalities involving constraints on the state, and more precisely, the obstacle problem. We present a relaxed formulation for the problem using smoothing functions. Since we adopt a numerical point of view, we first relax the feasible domain of the problem, then using both mathematical programming methods and penalization methods, we get optimality conditions with smooth Lagrange multipliers. Some numerical experiments using IPOPT algorithm (Interior Point Optimizer) are presented to verify the efficiency of our approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complementarity%20problem" title="complementarity problem">complementarity problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IPOPT" title=" IPOPT"> IPOPT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lagrange%20multipliers" title=" Lagrange multipliers"> Lagrange multipliers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20programming" title=" mathematical programming"> mathematical programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20control" title=" optimal control"> optimal control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smoothing%20methods" title=" smoothing methods"> smoothing methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variationally%20inequalities" title=" variationally inequalities"> variationally inequalities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132882/solving-optimal-control-of-semilinear-elliptic-variational-inequalities-obstacle-problems-using-smoothing-functions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132882.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26078</span> Grey Prediction of Atmospheric Pollutants in Shanghai Based on GM(1,1) Model Group</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diqin%20Qi">Diqin Qi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiaming%20Li"> Jiaming Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siman%20Li"> Siman Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Based on the use of the three-point smoothing method for selectively processing original data columns, this paper establishes a group of grey GM(1,1) models to predict the concentration ranges of four major air pollutants in Shanghai from 2023 to 2024. The results indicate that PM₁₀, SO₂, and NO₂ maintain the national Grade I standards, while the concentration of PM₂.₅ has decreased but still remains within the national Grade II standards. Combining the forecast results, recommendations are provided for the Shanghai municipal government's efforts in air pollution prevention and control. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atmospheric%20pollutant%20prediction" title="atmospheric pollutant prediction">atmospheric pollutant prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grey%20GM%281" title=" Grey GM(1"> Grey GM(1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=1%29" title=" 1)"> 1)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model%20group" title=" model group"> model group</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=three-point%20smoothing%20method" title=" three-point smoothing method"> three-point smoothing method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185942/grey-prediction-of-atmospheric-pollutants-in-shanghai-based-on-gm11-model-group" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185942.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">35</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26077</span> A Resistant-Based Comparative Study between Iranian Concrete Design Code and Some Worldwide Ones </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Sadegh%20Naseralavi">Seyed Sadegh Naseralavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najmeh%20Bemani"> Najmeh Bemani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The design in most counties should be inevitably carried out by their native code such as Iran. Since the Iranian concrete code does not exist in structural design software, most engineers in this country analyze the structures using commercial software but design the structural members manually. This point motivated us to make a communication between Iranian code and some other well-known ones to create facility for the engineers. Finally, this paper proposes the so-called interpretation charts which help specify the position of Iranian code in comparison of some worldwide ones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beam" title="beam">beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20code" title=" concrete code"> concrete code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strength" title=" strength"> strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interpretation%20charts" title=" interpretation charts "> interpretation charts </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29241/a-resistant-based-comparative-study-between-iranian-concrete-design-code-and-some-worldwide-ones" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">526</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26076</span> Comparison of Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve Smoothing Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Sigirli">D. Sigirli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve is a commonly used statistical tool for evaluating the diagnostic performance of screening and diagnostic test with continuous or ordinal scale results which aims to predict the presence or absence probability of a condition, usually a disease. When the test results were measured as numeric values, sensitivity and specificity can be computed across all possible threshold values which discriminate the subjects as diseased and non-diseased. There are infinite numbers of possible decision thresholds along the continuum of the test results. The ROC curve presents the trade-off between sensitivity and the 1-specificity as the threshold changes. The empirical ROC curve which is a non-parametric estimator of the ROC curve is robust and it represents data accurately. However, especially for small sample sizes, it has a problem of variability and as it is a step function there can be different false positive rates for a true positive rate value and vice versa. Besides, the estimated ROC curve being in a jagged form, since the true ROC curve is a smooth curve, it underestimates the true ROC curve. Since the true ROC curve is assumed to be smooth, several smoothing methods have been explored to smooth a ROC curve. These include using kernel estimates, using log-concave densities, to fit parameters for the specified density function to the data with the maximum-likelihood fitting of univariate distributions or to create a probability distribution by fitting the specified distribution to the data nd using smooth versions of the empirical distribution functions. In the present paper, we aimed to propose a smooth ROC curve estimation based on the boundary corrected kernel function and to compare the performances of ROC curve smoothing methods for the diagnostic test results coming from different distributions in different sample sizes. We performed simulation study to compare the performances of different methods for different scenarios with 1000 repetitions. It is seen that the performance of the proposed method was typically better than that of the empirical ROC curve and only slightly worse compared to the binormal model when in fact the underlying samples were generated from the normal distribution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empirical%20estimator" title="empirical estimator">empirical estimator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kernel%20function" title=" kernel function"> kernel function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smoothing" title=" smoothing"> smoothing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=receiver%20operating%20characteristic%20curve" title=" receiver operating characteristic curve"> receiver operating characteristic curve</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103835/comparison-of-receiver-operating-characteristic-curve-smoothing-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103835.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26075</span> Code-Switching in Facebook Chatting Among Maldivian Teenagers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aaidha%20Hammad">Aaidha Hammad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examines the phenomenon of code switching among teenagers in the Maldives while they carry out conversations through Facebook in the form of “Facebook Chatting”. The current study aims at evaluating the frequency of code-switching and it investigates between what languages code-switching occurs. Besides the study identifies the types of words that are often codeswitched and the triggers for code switching. The methodology used in this study is mixed method of qualitative and quantitative approach. In this regard, the chat log of a group conversation between 10 teenagers was collected and analyzed. A questionnaire was also administered through online to 24 different teenagers from different corners of the Maldives. The age of teenagers ranged between 16 and 19 years. The findings of the current study revealed that while Maldivian teenagers chat in Facebook they very often code switch and these switches are most commonly between Dhivehi and English, but some other languages are also used to some extent. It also identified the different types of words that are being often code switched among the teenagers. Most importantly it explored different reasons behind code switching among the Maldivian teenagers in Facebook chatting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=code-switching" title="code-switching">code-switching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Facebook" title=" Facebook"> Facebook</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Facebook%20chatting%20Maldivian%20teenagers" title=" Facebook chatting Maldivian teenagers"> Facebook chatting Maldivian teenagers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71159/code-switching-in-facebook-chatting-among-maldivian-teenagers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71159.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26074</span> Counterfeit Product Detection Using Block Chain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharanya%20C.%20H.">Sharanya C. H.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pragathi%20M."> Pragathi M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vathsala%20R.%20S."> Vathsala R. S.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Theja%20K.%20V."> Theja K. V.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yashaswini%20S."> Yashaswini S.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Identifying counterfeit products have become increasingly important in the product manufacturing industries in recent decades. This current ongoing product issue of counterfeiting has an impact on company sales and profits. To address the aforementioned issue, a functional blockchain technology was implemented, which effectively prevents the product from being counterfeited. By utilizing the blockchain technology, consumers are no longer required to rely on third parties to determine the authenticity of the product being purchased. Blockchain is a distributed database that stores data records known as blocks and several databases known as chains across various networks. Counterfeit products are identified using a QR code reader, and the product's QR code is linked to the blockchain management system. It compares the unique code obtained from the customer to the stored unique code to determine whether or not the product is original. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blockchain" title="blockchain">blockchain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethereum" title=" ethereum"> ethereum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QR%20code" title=" QR code"> QR code</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160998/counterfeit-product-detection-using-block-chain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160998.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26073</span> A Sociolinguistic Investigation of Code-Switching Practices of ESL Students Outside EFL Classrooms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shehroz%20Mukhtar">Shehroz Mukhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maqsood%20Ahmed"> Maqsood Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Mukhtar"> Abdullah Mukhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Choudhry%20Shahid"> Choudhry Shahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waqar%20Javaid"> Waqar Javaid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Code switching is a common phenomenon, generally observed in multilingual communities across the globe. A critical look at code switching literature reveals that mostly code switching has been studied in classroom in learning and teaching context while code switching outside classroom in settings such as café, hostel and so on have been the least explored areas. Current research investigated the reasons for code switching in the interactive practices of students and their perceptions regarding the same outside the classroom settings. This paper is the study of the common practice that prevails in the Universities of Sialkot that bilinguals mix two languages when they speak in different class room situations. In Pakistani classrooms where Multilingual are in abundance i.e. they can speak two or more than two languages at the same time, the code switching or language combination is very common. The teachers of Sialkot switch from one language to another consciously or unconsciously while teaching English in the class rooms. This phenomenon has not been explored in the Sialkot’s teaching context. In Sialkot private educational institutes does not encourage code-switching whereas the public or government institutes use it frequently. The crux of this research is to investigate and identify the importance of code switching by taking its users in consideration. Survey research method and survey questionnaire will be used to get exact data from teachers and students. We will try to highlight the functions and importance of code switching in foreign language classrooms of Sialkot and will explore why this trend is emerging in Sialkot. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=code%20switching" title="code switching">code switching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bilingual%20context" title=" bilingual context"> bilingual context</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L1" title=" L1"> L1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L2" title=" L2"> L2</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184377/a-sociolinguistic-investigation-of-code-switching-practices-of-esl-students-outside-efl-classrooms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184377.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26072</span> A Sociolinguistic Investigation of Code-Switching Practices of ESL Students Outside EFL Classrooms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shehroz%20Mukhtar">Shehroz Mukhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maqsood%20Ahmed"> Maqsood Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Mukhtar"> Abdullah Mukhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Choudhry%20Shahid"> Choudhry Shahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waqar%20Javaid"> Waqar Javaid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Code switching is a common phenomenon, generally observed in multilingual communities across the globe. A critical look at code-switching literature reveals that mostly code-switching has been studied in the classrooms in learning and teaching contexts, while code-switching outside the classroom in settings such as café, hostels and so on has been the least explored areas. The current research investigated the reasons for code-switching in the interactive practices of students and their perceptions regarding the same outside the classroom settings. This paper is the study of the common practice that prevails in the Universities of Sialkot that bilinguals mix two languages when they speak in different classroom situations. In Pakistani classrooms where Multilingual is in abundance, i.e. they can speak two or more two languages at the same time, code-switching or language combination is very common. The teachers of Sialkot switch from one language to another consciously or unconsciously while teaching English in the classrooms. This phenomenon has not been explored in Sialkot’s teaching context. In Sialkot, private educational institutes do not encourage code-switching, whereas public or government institutes use it frequently. The crux of this research is to investigate and identify the importance of code-switching by taking its users into consideration. The survey research method and survey questionnaire will be used to get exact data from teachers and students. We will try to highlight the functions and importance of code switching in foreign language classrooms of Sialkot and will explore why this trend is emerging in Sialkot. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=code%20switching" title="code switching">code switching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20language%20classrooms" title=" foreign language classrooms"> foreign language classrooms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bilingual%20context" title=" bilingual context"> bilingual context</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=use%20of%20L1" title=" use of L1"> use of L1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=importance%20of%20L2." title=" importance of L2."> importance of L2.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184351/a-sociolinguistic-investigation-of-code-switching-practices-of-esl-students-outside-efl-classrooms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184351.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26071</span> Public Administrators, Code of Conduct and the Nigerian Society</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmud%20Adam">Mahmud Adam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inuwa%20Abdu%20Ibrahim"> Inuwa Abdu Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The issue of ethics and values of public office holders in Nigerian has been and still is a matter of great mystery. Their behaviours in the discharge of their official responsibility remain unsatisfactory. The paper looks at the code of conduct and the societal values with which the Nigerian Administrators function today. Secondary sources of data were used. In conclusion, a change in attitude, reorientation, harsh and enforceable laws is required to reverse the trend. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=society" title="society">society</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=administrators" title=" administrators"> administrators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=code%20of%20conduct" title=" code of conduct"> code of conduct</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19739/public-administrators-code-of-conduct-and-the-nigerian-society" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19739.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26070</span> BodeACD: Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities Detecting Based on Abstract Syntax Tree, Control Flow Graph, and Data Dependency Graph</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xinghang%20Lv">Xinghang Lv</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tao%20Peng"> Tao Peng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jia%20Chen"> Jia Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junping%20Liu"> Junping Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xinrong%20Hu"> Xinrong Hu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruhan%20He"> Ruhan He</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minghua%20Jiang"> Minghua Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenli%20Cao"> Wenli Cao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As one of the most dangerous vulnerabilities, effective detection of buffer overflow vulnerabilities is extremely necessary. Traditional detection methods are not accurate enough and consume more resources to meet complex and enormous code environment at present. In order to resolve the above problems, we propose the method for Buffer overflow detection based on Abstract syntax tree, Control flow graph, and Data dependency graph (BodeACD) in C/C++ programs with source code. Firstly, BodeACD constructs the function samples of buffer overflow that are available on Github, then represents them as code representation sequences, which fuse control flow, data dependency, and syntax structure of source code to reduce information loss during code representation. Finally, BodeACD learns vulnerability patterns for vulnerability detection through deep learning. The results of the experiments show that BodeACD has increased the precision and recall by 6.3% and 8.5% respectively compared with the latest methods, which can effectively improve vulnerability detection and reduce False-positive rate and False-negative rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vulnerability%20detection" title="vulnerability detection">vulnerability detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abstract%20syntax%20tree" title=" abstract syntax tree"> abstract syntax tree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20flow%20graph" title=" control flow graph"> control flow graph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20dependency%20graph" title=" data dependency graph"> data dependency graph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=code%20representation" title=" code representation"> code representation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title=" deep learning"> deep learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148239/bodeacd-buffer-overflow-vulnerabilities-detecting-based-on-abstract-syntax-tree-control-flow-graph-and-data-dependency-graph" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148239.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPS%20code%20data%20smoothing&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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