CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9135518e6d238932',cH: 'It0ojvXdZ1d3EkGDmbCYwTRTbK1V.LQfDMkpTGy.wKc-1739790497-1.2.1.1-oVZ1ZyDE79Du8HrIvVVlUv_bXpiWNQlxKmjib_x2YOL8gJ8hk4Txlx_MCSUKL81i',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=lost%20urban%20space&page=2&__cf_chl_tk=TgC8lCT3r35JBz1qMbhzTUJy7aRMqjPkEaLCOYzggYw-1739790497-1.0.1.1-xRwkePfM7Z7g4r_.V61l3B7tTNOzg6nV8p0UDQAafmU",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739790497',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=lost%20urban%20space&page=2&__cf_chl_f_tk=TgC8lCT3r35JBz1qMbhzTUJy7aRMqjPkEaLCOYzggYw-1739790497-1.0.1.1-xRwkePfM7Z7g4r_.V61l3B7tTNOzg6nV8p0UDQAafmU",md: "ixR2lhm3DIbblLjeInpBA8dEP9vFQ62NupXRQiUYN.4-1739790497-1.2.1.1-vA3RZ5Hhn0ZXOqJa8RSosQf6zIUnDkSdFBkn_tBqlUJhsmdFYP390a6EY2O7M5j8x4spdKv9DQNCdU4ii9VHQkIH8sE9aiNik_ck3yQyEuCPvM2.jsDVemzG3R2TZDCgxqQ9aRz891_BC8pM1CwlqJ.7yoo9rb98SbIYzyaObk6ECwnc51wic3qaHBtRq2TCXO5ydJPEDA6U4qKF7DCPTlkHzPi9NZNUkaaubw27QKXvqfWABqwK3vIDJegKNSTx9RDgv48U45Lq77yHloOCzDdxa83VFfBMWxiIG46IZH9SP5n5trUjES5CYcmtILrKWqF4qpSmW82LRkz3LJF1SBFAxE.G.1nIu5k0qR3Avr5b65e9w5Ccl7NPl7VBQ99fM7q8TAFRTweYiHK6KG_iGLuPyypurFqle9vu65MKoej2_I0iezzLXZuOGESuwgGRwTQXyjEszvJiIUgjQUZi5KC4814IVBOXcLsLbNLV.3z9lG5xIIzfrpOxkSXkKjvDALnnZYnAz8Q8FUD6BN9Kac0nPbGzq.slACXS6QukreQKW1UER.MpYlK8pwxazmHXDki0njIIvbF0BMJq9oRWNMAa5s3IDUryuuBwx6cC874Aws_OKgrIlRD0xA2CiQPeXAX2.3K8X4lkAoU5nX2cpjEkc6Cx0ameZfAaUSVlMhtfbLJ7Xj8a0oUAOFKa8P3X7.te4eDlcEaAq._WawhITv6gbKFxSNIhE_qb0XQuNcc4UZy8h.E2MX.EkvZAA9L0t.6tjqH5Rj_dQvJwgC62nLxTTgcdiYVp714VOFumNBUjzST8ItVm4NoFtofJ17DDQRJVXzJ63ddQVcDYkZ.EnI3NYiOsyXmLK2S3YVcfk_YpiHKJf7jgljMioKGv9OFbUtSdmo8CVX2oGwW4Pf9xFebEpXdU.wNF1cbaAgVPnjOHhjYqHZc6.jMUjcYhjZLTHqIrlRhDTm_6Ja893Is33ne5EMmgywAdAqUGAsyV8qekN97wWyjqtERLIJnBafGDuOCE6ddyQo9h69JE4_zVelHw6n35m_X6lH2Pc1grRKf6fmyOGWib1JeogegUX7p4x9wRBftSnPAI8OQQkLy9e0uJi0VJBHjGiN9yOAlVzy7HJSdrFlbdWqwx4Hf8m6dK7uakf37b2HkgKJkhHhGEl5_sX4KXcMgJQwjg2LYp_Tmei6g8ZkaYZuKKS8xbmSykLAsxQrKZ5aqq21k85ogIOWDFtifm_5YPh.0Wm_5ZYSYjvMMhENWseNJxj290OBVzdV4.kAaYXrM5tyyhhen78j4MY38r64F0eDN9ANiwxtAxcc2de7UHHG.EjS49JZXANcgRTfttOwWf5koPzXpWGRFp2GCfB848zIkO0CMg4sagKGdPZnsF1eAnWsTAFX2b3oS1To6yb7ZuMscEkQGN_dLhkKVdoGzdB8m3IBUlHyxmW6YlmCmWCBfAvlKA8AfVuFeai1XBEHHp37yGhOHDbPfsC82z39CxiJkwn1kSh_kf3sCjoVApvLJBw44beQh2WzFwbnO1abawfUvBxmzxPyxXcLV.lzXCgPdazB.zW60KuP7g_CKDg076XzSM02Rb5Oz9EOrRZWEfGOpRBCEpC8J4RZVDbPIG0gxu.CMRK6c3M_HxSvAVHx3tff7PNdGS72eBxqR0CqvEL8yA69GZCrJjogQQIJMe2zBM9qMhuLLnXa9Lxjf4ES1KEoAiYssSmP4CKwbmQpdSDf5A67khyavs7ai4B_YRkDjW99JOSzOGRNoHgqc2.hDQ_J8dVjsMYiiFUh04N8XsF5wkhgP1isQp2F5Gsd13.EImaoGZcp_8L2GB1fHxgXNCsCmHsYLIbkomwtHZertz89h.uSJqpVpmvV9khlLZCrTgRbRMhvNyUudVbDi934QAr_KhlvQkuOLS2Ty3GeiEqakwKb.kL2C43dKL9yJiYtZw8y4JNj6P90EU6rkakAUriMyFy5Xk",mdrd: "dt4ddAGHY9Co9FL1lin_UoAx6aBo1RFIZ5aAvgZvtmM-1739790497-1.2.1.1-QtfnDonVqkugjGO0lvtQTmSQZid4rLCBZ4PRBHX2bJqOBmfF_bnisKYrUNPbnWF0buxFi7czuLekYKAYTFK81IlfyYNKU45HJVYkzQlLaAOHL6LxCqmwp.pn35L065gdov6.PFv0fE7sTcyY.1DZxR.ob7HOpTiT8AxJ1pstqnE2Xqzdd42Ftatu1QdI4_28eWUSSl3EP.e8GGlvXqm3ass9wGCpB9VMdktxq5TYVD6q6N1FaBA4DBfMN4pJIWPa1_lTRnSDG0rXaL30fflv1PtCaVbMTfwdWOObyPJ.Mm03RO_UYNpogORCsRzHwFN6ER52tgoDmFTehKqKyy2BuqE5VDTi3htOTNy5ztdZkaume3Cf32qF9k_TkgJFqQ3KkEcw.YBlEO15LFcajxEXn4SJ3zcjAufDg0Y_eKk.cu3gPRpz9MmsKTBm76cAo2u0P0hxHQ8M.ztji2QzUH9eTTruMpLWUja9d1SKW42d8tMK_jw0bUZwVAI68EAXbw7T2EBp3g7xWbcpn_EQjTWsRi21WeL1VuaxBmNaS2J3OQR0rOTZzn9ZeARPeF21yqEVqBYGODv4BzV_2tFW1afufu7YEV1p3Y6Au5vh.prxqmdUrC.Awi0KzujTcOL5pIt.qo5kblfj9mTDrI6us_Wnwt_sgZ3c1ETFa79hnKiwpRJv5lKIMtk6cwnONOt7gMKsS_woeRJK4plKzG11erFw8q.1nkZALDZc.7v71b1YNMHjocUxyCbAp7DgZ7oHcYYhRqxy8EJ7518lDauH_f8.IpDpXniZwIueSZgIh_H0tP6pn_mQNNON.SnPDU3jfc2GsClB6cjJtYHaFkV_0uANN_.yQ_YNlw.U7uDFCxRgzycjUyNoscK1M3s.jLT28HF.nPnk8vbkxFVOuncTF6JJ.WZslBit34HeCvN8pYKhLUwkZPJ9ZXGhNGcuIYLyIobo2aYfFU3fA846ny8bXjgIXxxoy3lFGjpRTGsdvJLtyO_2etRbwn.JeFvwuJnMh3aiecRvzOE1.SejMDbxGCd8sSHPkSLftXN.qoTXxV3y7UDMcEhCA2goZmiErul0xX_9.fUO2k8NkMBCkfbcl2d9ensCnnnOTcpEcmdYcqoxx6xifRj0mCUGtU5ixfMFs0nfC4E6yg54Ucs21U93VqdZSi2D4aDdQyZcDuytQkN12TusSJEJE4387AtltEyHioFoseiPIgSbhxkSp2Q.n5_QTMiLbSdRhT5IvrD0c6f67UapV2BUfV0hnA83IJuI6BbHjIBs1m080raBILiGulrLqpKMQOfBhD.R6iWM8XPT9gIr22ryFCKxevrL5oynXTzcIBr74uVcw84JoWAJp2BWDkEhASd2y2Cp_z.LCzqGya_AE77T9eDmqAsniaTF2hUBc8HGXxeGt1cp.zsDJr3e8SG3OhSjekzxOrGSIwvvf0247RTf90Xey6Jj1rFLwlcBtJ0uceS9ZB3g03rpyT4lDQoAuG3GIgqMP6O7ExZ9IU0QljcyUsefyjB_zoe7xoqqIZfMrcm7ZnDd55V01c_4o3JpzcLb.lBKkQoF9aUl5Wr890V38lvo12rn.kFTYHTksmlUcAhne9pK9riyZ0613iC9mEKlifBAIlthHagKcD6KQgyWQTwMAE8sFNwm2WjxebnX.wcXfKm6iP1vU7KfM5Vx4Uv5BjKLnPEQGHv2G3dPvuNQIx39P6oDfjUT.RCVUHe7ZUCe6vMnqI24He.dRTySTq6lPuJ1ZnhyBH9RH5ZlTqHsf_pIzAO5NnhXTa_G5n6oANomb5.sCOIPwto29aHsuKVpe4AeUYPm2FPk6d64_Bi.RFWrphsDPhwqAA2HRcVs2IpdH1HFj9YQVBVywrSaa8wH4ei5aXs_mBsmrEmc.YA9nnwoxek5LFDdgPwApVy01R0ZhopDV5HRU88jlS60q_BzM.V18LdxkbzTH6GyQKf_54ur1DEHg_q12zTo"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9135518e6d238932';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=lost%20urban%20space&page=2&__cf_chl_rt_tk=TgC8lCT3r35JBz1qMbhzTUJy7aRMqjPkEaLCOYzggYw-1739790497-1.0.1.1-xRwkePfM7Z7g4r_.V61l3B7tTNOzg6nV8p0UDQAafmU" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>