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vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flyt til sidebjælken</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Indledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Udbredelse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Udbredelse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Udbredelse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Udbredelse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dialekter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dialekter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Dialekter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dialekter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Den_klassiske_mongolske_grammatik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Den_klassiske_mongolske_grammatik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Den klassiske mongolske grammatik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Den_klassiske_mongolske_grammatik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Khalkha-mongolisk_lydlære" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Khalkha-mongolisk_lydlære"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Khalkha-mongolisk lydlære</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Khalkha-mongolisk_lydlære-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Skriftsprog" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skriftsprog"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Skriftsprog</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Skriftsprog-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mongolsk_litteratur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mongolsk_litteratur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Mongolsk litteratur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mongolsk_litteratur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referencer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referencer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Referencer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referencer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_henvisninger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_henvisninger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Eksterne henvisninger</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_henvisninger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul indholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul indholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mongolsk (sprog)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikel på et andet sprog. Tilgængelig på 129 sprog" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-129" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">129 sprog</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Амонгол бызшәа – abkhasisk" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Амонгол бызшәа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abkhasisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongools" title="Mongools – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Mongools" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9E%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%8E%E1%88%8D%E1%8A%9B" title="ሞንጎልኛ – amharisk" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሞንጎልኛ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_mongol" title="Idioma mongol – aragonsk" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Idioma mongol" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="मंगोलियाई भाषा – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="मंगोलियाई भाषा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="اللغة المنغولية – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللغة المنغولية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%D9%89" title="لغه مونجولى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لغه مونجولى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_mongol" title="Idioma mongol – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Idioma mongol" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monqol_dili" title="Monqol dili – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Monqol dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="موغول دیلی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="موغول دیلی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Монгол теле – bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Монгол теле" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Mongol" title="Basa Mongol – balinesisk" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Basa Mongol" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Мангольская мова – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мангольская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Мангольская мова – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мангольская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Монголски език – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Монголски език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="मंगोलियन भाषा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="मंगोलियन भाषा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="মঙ্গোলীয় ভাষা – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মঙ্গোলীয় ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8D" title="སོག་པོའི་སྐད། – tibetansk" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སོག་པོའི་སྐད།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoleg" title="Mongoleg – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Mongoleg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Монгол хэлэн – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Монгол хэлэн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol" title="Mongol – catalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mongol" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B9ng-g%C5%AB-ng%E1%B9%B3%CC%84" title="Mùng-gū-ngṳ̄ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Mùng-gū-ngṳ̄" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%95%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%86%D9%84%DB%8C" title="زمانی مەنگۆلی – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زمانی مەنگۆلی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mo%C3%B1%C4%9Fol_tili" title="Moñğol tili – krimtatarisk" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Moñğol tili" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="krimtatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol%C5%A1tina" title="Mongolština – tjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mongolština" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8" title="Монгол чĕлхи – tjuvasjisk" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Монгол чĕлхи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tjuvasjisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoleg" title="Mongoleg – walisisk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Mongoleg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolische_Sprache" title="Mongolische Sprache – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mongolische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mo%C4%9Folki" title="Moğolki – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Moğolki" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B3%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Μογγολική γλώσσα – græsk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μογγολική γλώσσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="græsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolian_language" title="Mongolian language – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mongolian language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongola_lingvo" title="Mongola lingvo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mongola lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_mongol" title="Idioma mongol – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Idioma mongol" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoli_keel" title="Mongoli keel – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mongoli keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoliera" title="Mongoliera – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mongoliera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="زبان مغولی – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان مغولی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolin_kieli" title="Mongolin kieli – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mongolin kieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoli_kiil" title="Mongoli kiil – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Mongoli kiil" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol" title="Mongol – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mongol" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoalsk" title="Mongoalsk – vestfrisisk" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Mongoalsk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vestfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Mhong%C3%B3ilis" title="An Mhongóilis – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Mhongóilis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_mongol" title="Lingua mongol – galicisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua mongol" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B9ng-k%C3%BA-ng%C3%AE" title="Mùng-kú-ngî – hakka-kinesisk" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Mùng-kú-ngî" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka-kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%AA" title="מונגולית – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מונגולית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="मंगोल भाषा – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मंगोल भाषा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolian_bhasa" title="Mongolian bhasa – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Mongolian bhasa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolski_jezik" title="Mongolski jezik – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mongolski jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol%C5%A1%C4%87ina" title="Mongolšćina – øvresorbisk" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Mongolšćina" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="øvresorbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol_nyelv" title="Mongol nyelv – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mongol nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%B2%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Մոնղոլերեն – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մոնղոլերեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Mongol" title="Bahasa Mongol – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Mongol" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongola_linguo" title="Mongola linguo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Mongola linguo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mong%C3%B3lska" title="Mongólska – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Mongólska" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_mongola" title="Lingua mongola – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua mongola" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B4%E3%83%AB%E8%AA%9E" title="モンゴル語 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="モンゴル語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A6%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="მონღოლური ენა – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მონღოლური ენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol_tili" title="Mongol tili – karakalpakisk" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Mongol tili" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Mongolia" title="Bahasa Mongolia – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Bahasa Mongolia" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D2%A3%D2%93%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Моңғол тілі – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Моңғол тілі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AA%BD%EA%B3%A8%EC%96%B4" title="몽골어 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="몽골어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_mongol%C3%AE" title="Zimanê mongolî – kurdisk" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zimanê mongolî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Монгол кыв – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Монгол кыв" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Моңгол тили – kirgisisk" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Моңгол тили" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Mongolica" title="Lingua Mongolica – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Mongolica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D1%87%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Монгол чӀал – lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Монгол чӀал" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol_(lingua)" title="Mongol (lingua) – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Mongol (lingua)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongools" title="Mongools – limburgsk" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Mongools" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B5" title="ພາສາມົງໂກລີ – lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ພາສາມົງໂກລີ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol%C5%B3_kalba" title="Mongolų kalba – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mongolų kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongo%C4%BCu_valoda" title="Mongoļu valoda – lettisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mongoļu valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_m%C3%B4ng%C3%B4liana" title="Fiteny môngôliana – malagassisk" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny môngôliana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagassisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="fremragende artikel"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Монголски јазик – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Монголски јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="മംഗോളിയൻ ഭാഷ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മംഗോളിയൻ ഭാഷ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Монгол хэл – mongolsk" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Монгол хэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="मंगोलियन भाषा – marathisk" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मंगोलियन भाषा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Mongol" title="Bahasa Mongol – malajisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Mongol" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%82%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="မွန်ဂိုးလီးယားဘာသာစကား – burmesisk" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မွန်ဂိုးလီးယားဘာသာစကား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="موغولی – mazenisk" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="موغولی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazenisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="मंगोल भाषा – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="मंगोल भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongools" title="Mongools – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mongools" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolsk" title="Mongolsk – nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mongolsk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolsk" title="Mongolsk – bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mongolsk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mong%C3%B2l" title="Mongòl – occitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Mongòl" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3_%C3%A6%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Мангойлаг æвзаг – ossetisk" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Мангойлаг æвзаг" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਮੰਗੋਲ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ – punjabisk" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮੰਗੋਲ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amanung_Monggol" title="Amanung Monggol – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Amanung Monggol" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_mongolski" title="Język mongolski – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język mongolski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="منگولی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="منگولی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87" title="مغولي ژبه – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مغولي ژبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_mongol" title="Língua mongol – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua mongol" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu%C3%B1gul_simi" title="Muñgul simi – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Muñgul simi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_mongol%C4%83" title="Limba mongolă – rumænsk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limba mongolă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumænsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Монгольский язык – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Монгольский язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D2%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Монґольскый язык – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Монґольскый язык" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Монгуол тыла – jakutisk" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Монгуол тыла" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%9D%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1_%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolien_leid" title="Mongolien leid – skotsk" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Mongolien leid" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolski_jezik" title="Mongolski jezik – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mongolski jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolian_language" title="Mongolian language – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mongolian language" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol%C4%8Dina" title="Mongolčina – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mongolčina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_mongoleze" title="Gjuha mongoleze – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha mongoleze" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Монголски језик – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Монголски језик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoliska" title="Mongoliska – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mongoliska" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C5%8Dngolsk%C5%8F_g%C5%8Fdka" title="Mōngolskŏ gŏdka – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Mōngolskŏ gŏdka" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF" title="மொங்கோலிய மொழி – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மொங்கோலிய மொழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D1%83%D2%93%D1%83%D0%BB%D3%A3" title="Забони муғулӣ – tadsjikisk" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Забони муғулӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadsjikisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ภาษามองโกเลีย – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษามองโกเลีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol_dili" title="Mongol dili – turkmensk" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Mongol dili" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikang_Mongol" title="Wikang Mongol – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wikang Mongol" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mo%C4%9Folca" title="Moğolca – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Moğolca" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia – tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Mongolia" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Монгол теле – tatarisk" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Монгол теле" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Моол дыл – tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Моол дыл" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Монгол кыл – udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Монгол кыл" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%DA%AD%D8%BA%DB%87%D9%84_%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%84%D9%89" title="موڭغۇل تىلى – uygurisk" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="موڭغۇل تىلى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uygurisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Монгольська мова – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Монгольська мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="منگولی زبان – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="منگولی زبان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol_tili" title="Mongol tili – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mongol tili" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81%C3%A9ngua_m%C3%B3ngo%C5%82a" title="Łéngua móngoła – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Łéngua móngoła" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_M%C3%B4ng_C%E1%BB%95" title="Tiếng Mông Cổ – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Mông Cổ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol%C3%A4nap%C3%BCk" title="Mongolänapük – volapyk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Mongolänapük" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%AF%AD" title="蒙古语 – wu-kinesisk" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="蒙古语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu-kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D2%BB%D0%BB_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD" title="Монһл келн – kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Монһл келн" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A6%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="მონღოლური ნინა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მონღოლური ნინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A9" title="מאנגאליש – jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מאנגאליש" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%AF%AD" title="蒙古语 – 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flyt til sidebjælken</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skjul</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Fra Wikipedia, den frie encyklopædi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="da" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:20%; margin-top:0.75em; background:#f4f4f4; text-align:left; font-size:90%;" cellpadding="2"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="padding:0.5em; text-align: center; font-size:120%; color: black; background-color: yellowgreen;">Mongolsk <br />(<i>монгол хэл<br /><span style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-family:'Menk Hawang Tig', 'Menk Qagan Tig', 'Menk Garqag Tig', 'Menk Har_a Tig', 'Menk Scnin Tig', 'Oyun Gurban Ulus Tig', 'Oyun Qagan Tig', 'Oyun Garqag Tig', 'Oyun Har_a Tig', 'Oyun Scnin Tig', 'Mongolian BT', 'Mongolian Baiti', 'Noto Sans Mongolian', 'Mongol Usug', 'Mongolian White', 'MongolianScript', 'Code2000', 'Menksoft Qagan'; font-size: 1.5em; line-height: 1em; -ms-writing-mode:tb-lr; writing-mode:tb-lr; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr; vertical-align:text-top; height:2em;text-align:left">ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ</span></i>) </th></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Talt i: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Mongoliet" title="Mongoliet">Mongoliet</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Talere i alt: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">5.2 million (2005)<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />6.006.590<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Ophav</div> <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em; padding-left:0"><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middelmongolsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middelmongolsk (ikke skrevet endnu)">Middelmongolsk</a> <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.45em; padding-left:0"><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klassisk_mongolsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klassisk mongolsk (ikke skrevet endnu)">Klassisk mongolsk</a> </li></ul> </li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Sprogstamme" class="mw-redirect" title="Sprogstamme">Sprogstamme</a>: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Altaiske_sprog" title="Altaiske sprog">Altaisk</a><br /><span style="font-size:66%;"> </span><a href="/wiki/Mongolske_sprog" title="Mongolske sprog">Mongolske sprog</a><br /><span style="font-size:66%;">  </span><b>Mongolsk</b>  </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Skriftsystem" class="mw-redirect" title="Skriftsystem">Skriftsystem</a>: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Mongolsk_skrift" class="mw-redirect" title="Mongolsk skrift">Mongolsk skrift</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Det_mongolske_alfabetet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Det mongolske alfabetet (ikke skrevet endnu)">Det mongolske alfabetet</a><br /><small>(i Kina)</small><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Det_mongolsk-kyrilliske_alfabet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Det mongolsk-kyrilliske alfabet (ikke skrevet endnu)">Det mongolsk-kyrilliske alfabet</a><br /><small>(i Mongoliet)  </small></td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: yellowgreen;">Officiel status </th></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Officielt sprog i: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Mongoliet"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mongoliet" title="Mongoliet">Mongoliet</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kina"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kina" title="Kina">Kina</a><br /><small>• <a href="/wiki/Indre_Mongoliet" title="Indre Mongoliet">Indre Mongoliet</a> </small></td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Reguleret af: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Mongoliet:<br />Statens sprogråd<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Kina:<br />Rådet for sprog og litteratur<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: yellowgreen;">Sprogkoder </th></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-1" title="ISO 639-1">ISO 639-1</a>: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><tt>mn</tt> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-2" title="ISO 639-2">ISO 639-2</a>: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><tt>mon</tt> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a>: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><tt><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=mon">mon</a></tt>  </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: middle; padding-top:5px;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Mongols-map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Mongols-map.png/250px-Mongols-map.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Mongols-map.png/375px-Mongols-map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Mongols-map.png/500px-Mongols-map.png 2x" data-file-width="1801" data-file-height="1495" /></a><figcaption>Mongolsk sprogs omtrentlige udbredelsesområde.</figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" 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type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>En mand, der taler mongolsk</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Mongolsk</b> er et <a href="/wiki/Sprog" title="Sprog">sprog</a>, som tales af ca. 6 millioner mennesker i <a href="/wiki/Mongoliet" title="Mongoliet">Mongoliet</a> (Ydre Mongoliet) og i provinsen <a href="/wiki/Indre_Mongoliet" title="Indre Mongoliet">Indre Mongoliet</a> i Kina. Sproget er det væsentligste sprog i den mongolske sprogfamilie. Nogle regner dog mongolsk som del af den <a href="/wiki/Altaiske_sprogfamilie" class="mw-redirect" title="Altaiske sprogfamilie">altaiske sprogfamilie</a> der også omfatter <a href="/wiki/Tyrkisk_(sprog)" title="Tyrkisk (sprog)">tyrkisk</a>. I Mongoliet bruges i dag det <a href="/wiki/Kyrilliske_alfabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyrilliske alfabet">kyrilliske alfabet</a>. I Kina anvendes en traditionel mongolsk skrift. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Udbredelse">Udbredelse</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolsk_(sprog)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigér afsnit: Udbredelse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolsk_(sprog)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Udbredelse"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mongolsk tales af omkring 2,5 millioner i Mongoliet samt af yderligere 2,7 millioner eller mere i Det Indre Mongoliet. Der findes tillige betydelige grupper i <a href="/wiki/Burjatien" class="mw-redirect" title="Burjatien">Burjatien</a> i det sydlige <a href="/wiki/Rusland" title="Rusland">Rusland</a> og i <a href="/wiki/Manchuriet" title="Manchuriet">Manchuriet</a> (provinserne <a href="/wiki/Heilongjiang" title="Heilongjiang">Heilongjiang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jilin" title="Jilin">Jilin</a> og <a href="/wiki/Liaoning" title="Liaoning">Liaoning</a>) samt mindre grupper ved <a href="/w/index.php?title=Issyk-Kul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Issyk-Kul (ikke skrevet endnu)">Issyk-Kul</a> i <a href="/wiki/Kirgizistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirgizistan">Kirgizistan</a> og i til Mongoliet nærliggende områder i Rusland og Kina samt et område i Rusland langt fra Mongoliet, <a href="/wiki/Kalmykien" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalmykien">Kalmykien</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dialekter">Dialekter</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolsk_(sprog)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigér afsnit: Dialekter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolsk_(sprog)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Dialekter"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De mongolske sprog kan inddeles i tre grupper: østmongolsk eller mongolsk i indskrænket og almindelig forstand, vestmongolsk eller <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmykisk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalmykisk (ikke skrevet endnu)">kalmykisk</a>, samt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Burjatisk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Burjatisk (ikke skrevet endnu)">burjatisk</a>, der dog står mongolsk meget nært. </p><p>Den mest betydningsfulde dialekt er den østmongoliske <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khalkha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khalkha (ikke skrevet endnu)">khalkha</a>, som tales af 2,3 millioner og er standardsproget i Det ydre Mongoliet; Khalkha har en nordlig och en sydlig variant, hvor den nordlige er den som tales i <a href="/wiki/Ulan_Bator" title="Ulan Bator">Ulan Bator</a>. Andre dialekter (som har størst spredning i Indre Mongoliet efter som khalkhan har fået stort gennemslag som standarddialekt i Ydre Mongoliet) indbefattar dialekter fra dialektgrupper talte i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sjilijn_Gol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sjilijn Gol (ikke skrevet endnu)">Sjilijn Gol</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulaantsav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulaantsav (ikke skrevet endnu)">Ulaantsav</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dzjirem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dzjirem (ikke skrevet endnu)">Dzjirem</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dzjuu_Uda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dzjuu Uda (ikke skrevet endnu)">Dzjuu Uda</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dzjosotu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dzjosotu (ikke skrevet endnu)">Dzjosotu</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Den_klassiske_mongolske_grammatik">Den klassiske mongolske grammatik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolsk_(sprog)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigér afsnit: Den klassiske mongolske grammatik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolsk_(sprog)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Den klassiske mongolske grammatik"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nomen (ikke skrevet endnu)">Nomen</a>, som savner <a href="/wiki/Grammatisk_k%C3%B8n" title="Grammatisk køn">genus</a> og <a href="/wiki/Artikel_(grammatik)" class="mw-redirect" title="Artikel (grammatik)">artikel</a>, skaber <a href="/wiki/Pluralis" class="mw-redirect" title="Pluralis">pluralis</a> (flertal) med endelsen <i>-nar</i> eller <i>-s</i> (i burjatisk tillige <i>-nut</i>) ved vokalisk og <i>-ut</i> (<i>-od</i>) ved konsonantiskt stammeendelse, fx <i>lama-nar</i> eller <i>lama-nut</i>, "præster". </p><p>I <a href="/wiki/Nominativ" title="Nominativ">nominativ</a> framtræder den rene stamme. Med endelser, ens for <a href="/wiki/Singularis" class="mw-redirect" title="Singularis">singularis</a> (ental) og <a href="/wiki/Pluralis" class="mw-redirect" title="Pluralis">pluralis</a>, dannes <a href="/wiki/Akkusativ" title="Akkusativ">akkusativ</a> (<i>-i</i>), <a href="/wiki/Genitiv" title="Genitiv">genitiv</a> (<i>-u(n)</i>, -<i>ü(n)</i>), <a href="/wiki/Dativ" title="Dativ">dativ</a>-<a href="/wiki/Lokativ" title="Lokativ">lokativ</a> (<i>-dur</i>, <i>-dür</i>) og andre former. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Adjektiv" class="mw-redirect" title="Adjektiv">Adjektivet</a> er ubøjeligt og står altid foran sit <a href="/wiki/Substantiv" class="mw-redirect" title="Substantiv">substantiv</a>. </p><p>Personlige og demonstrative <a href="/wiki/Pronomen" class="mw-redirect" title="Pronomen">pronominer</a> bøjes med samme kasusendelser som nomen. Possessive udtrykkes i mongolisk som i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Manchuisk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manchuisk (ikke skrevet endnu)">manchuisk</a> med genitiv af personlige pronomina, men i burjatisk som i de fleste andre ural-altaiske sprog med særlige <a href="/wiki/Suffix" class="mw-redirect" title="Suffix">suffix</a>. Relative pronomina findes ikke og erstattes af <a href="/wiki/Participium" title="Participium">participium</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Verb" class="mw-redirect" title="Verb">Verbet</a>, hvis rene stamme optræder i <a href="/wiki/Imperativ" title="Imperativ">imperativ</a>, fx <i>ab</i>, "tag!", har som i <a href="/wiki/Manchu" class="mw-redirect" title="Manchu">manchu</a> og nusvensk ingen personalbøjning, men udtrykkes blot gennem subjektet. Dog har kalmuckisk og burjatisk efterhånden udviklet personalendelser gennem suffigerede pronomina. <a href="/wiki/Tempus" title="Tempus">Tempora</a> og flere <a href="/wiki/Modus" title="Modus">modi</a> (imperativ, optativ, voluntativ etc.) dannes gennem suffix, fx <i>bi abu-mui</i> "jag tager", <i>bi abu-bai</i>, "jag tog", <i>bi abu-mui (ja)</i>, "jag skal tage". Endvidere findes flere particip og gerundia. Af afledte stammer dannes <a href="/wiki/Passiv_(grammatik)" title="Passiv (grammatik)">passiv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kausativ" class="mw-disambig" title="Kausativ">kausativ</a> og <a href="/wiki/Komitativ" title="Komitativ">komitativ</a>. For øvrigt er denominative temmelig almindelige i mongolisk. </p><p>Den regelbundne <a href="/wiki/Syntax" class="mw-redirect" title="Syntax">syntaktiske</a> ordfølge er: tidspartikel, <a href="/wiki/Subjekt_(grammatik)" title="Subjekt (grammatik)">subjekt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Objekt_(grammatik)" title="Objekt (grammatik)">objekt</a>, verbum, men alle nærmere bestemmelser og derfor tillige alle <a href="/wiki/Bis%C3%A6tning" class="mw-redirect" title="Bisætning">bisætninger</a> foregår det ord de bestemmer. I bisætninger står verbet altid i <a href="/wiki/Participium" title="Participium">participium</a> med postpositioner, modsvarende vore <a href="/wiki/Bindeord_(konjunktion)" title="Bindeord (konjunktion)">konjunktioner</a>; blot <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A6tning_(grammatik)" title="Sætning (grammatik)">hovedsætningens</a> verbum står i <a href="/wiki/Finit_verbum" title="Finit verbum">finit</a> form og indtager sidste pladsen i den ofte meget lange sætning, som er typisk på klassisk mongolisk. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Khalkha-mongolisk_lydlære"><span id="Khalkha-mongolisk_lydl.C3.A6re"></span>Khalkha-mongolisk lydlære</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolsk_(sprog)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigér afsnit: Khalkha-mongolisk lydlære" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolsk_(sprog)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Khalkha-mongolisk lydlære"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2"> </th> <th align="center" colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labial_konsonant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Labial konsonant (ikke skrevet endnu)">Labial</a> </th> <th align="center" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Dental_konsonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Dental konsonant">Dental</a> </th> <th align="center" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Palatal_konsonant" title="Palatal konsonant">Palatal</a> </th> <th align="center" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Velar_konsonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Velar konsonant">Velar</a> </th> <th align="center" rowspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uvular_konsonant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uvular konsonant (ikke skrevet endnu)">Uvular</a> </th></tr> <tr class="small" align="center"> <th>Enkel </th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palatalisering&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palatalisering (ikke skrevet endnu)">Palatal.</a> </th> <th>Enkel </th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palatalisering&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palatalisering (ikke skrevet endnu)">Palatal.</a> </th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palatalisering&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palatalisering (ikke skrevet endnu)">Palatal.</a> </th> <th>Enkel </th></tr> <tr> <th align="left" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_konsonant" title="Nasal konsonant">Nasal</a> </th> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">m</span> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">mʲ</span> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">n</span> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">nʲ</span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">ŋ</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left" rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Klusil" class="mw-redirect" title="Klusil">Klusil</a> </th> <th><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tonl%C3%B8s_konsonant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tonløs konsonant (ikke skrevet endnu)">Tonløs</a> <a href="/wiki/Aspiration_(fonetik)" title="Aspiration (fonetik)">aspireret</a></small> </th> <td align="center">(<span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">pʰ</span>) </td> <td align="center">(<span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">pʲʰ</span>) </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">tʰ</span> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">tʲʰ</span> </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">(<span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">kʲʰ</span>) </td> <td align="center">(<span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">kʰ</span>) </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tonl%C3%B8s_konsonant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tonløs konsonant (ikke skrevet endnu)">Tonløs</a></small> </th> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">p</span> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">pʲ</span> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">t</span> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">tʲ</span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><small> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tonande_konsonant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tonande konsonant (ikke skrevet endnu)">Tonande</a></small> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">ɡʲ</span> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">ɡ</span> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">ɢ</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Affrikat_konsonant" title="Affrikat konsonant">Affrikata</a> </th> <th><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tonl%C3%B8s_konsonant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tonløs konsonant (ikke skrevet endnu)">Tonløs</a> <a href="/wiki/Aspiration_(fonetik)" title="Aspiration (fonetik)">aspireret</a></small> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">tsʰ</span> </td> <td> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">tʃʰ</span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tonl%C3%B8s_konsonant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tonløs konsonant (ikke skrevet endnu)">Tonløs</a></small> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">ts</span> </td> <td> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">tʃ</span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left" colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frikativa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frikativa (ikke skrevet endnu)">Frikativa</a> </th> <td align="center">(<span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">f</span>) </td> <td> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">s</span> </td> <td> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">ʃ</span> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">xʲ</span> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">x</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lateral_konsonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Lateral konsonant">Lateral</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frikativa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frikativa (ikke skrevet endnu)">frikativa</a> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">ɮ</span> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">ɮʲ</span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left" colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tremulant_(fonetik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tremulant (fonetik) (ikke skrevet endnu)">Tremulant</a> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">r</span> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">rʲ</span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Approksimant" title="Approksimant">Approksimant</a> </th> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">w̜</span> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">w̜ʲ</span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">j</span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Konsonantfonem i parentes forekommer kun i lånord eller delvis i onomatopoetikerne. I ordslutning realiseres /n/ som [ŋ] fraset hvis den historisk er fulgt af en vokal. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th align="center" colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fr%C3%A4mre_vokal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Främre vokal (ikke skrevet endnu)">Främre</a> </th> <th align="center" colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_vokal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central vokal (ikke skrevet endnu)">Central</a> </th> <th align="center" colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bakre_vokal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bakre vokal (ikke skrevet endnu)">Bakre</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th> </th> <th align="center">Kort </th> <th align="center">Lang </th> <th align="center">Kort </th> <th align="center">Lang </th> <th align="center">Kort </th> <th align="center">Lang </th></tr> <tr> <th align="left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sluttet_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sluttet vowel (ikke skrevet endnu)">Sluttet</a> </th> <td align="center">i </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">iː</span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">u </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">uː</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halvsluttet_vokal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Halvsluttet vokal (ikke skrevet endnu)">Halvsluttet</a> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">ʊ</span> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">ʊː</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mellemsluttet_vokal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mellemsluttet vokal (ikke skrevet endnu)">Mellemsluttet</a> </th> <td align="center">e </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">eː</span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">o </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">oː</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mellem%C3%A5ben_vokal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mellemåben vokal (ikke skrevet endnu)">Mellemåben</a> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">ɔ</span> </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">ɔː</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%85ben_vokal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Åben vokal (ikke skrevet endnu)">Åben</a> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">a </td> <td align="center"><span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">aː</span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Mongolisk har tillige fire <a href="/wiki/Diftong" title="Diftong">diftonger</a>: /ui/, <span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">/ʊi/</span>, <span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">/ɔi/</span> og /ai/. Kort /o/ er fonetisk [<span title="Dette er en IPA-transkription" class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:Doulos SIL, Code2000, Chrysanthi Unicode, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream Vera, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode, Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro; font-family :inherit;">ɵ</span>]. </p><p>Det mongolske <a href="/wiki/Vokal_(sprog)" title="Vokal (sprog)">vokalsystem</a> omfatter de hårde <i>a</i>, <i>o</i>, <i>u</i>, de derimod svarende bløde <i>ä</i> (oftast skrivet <i>e</i>), <i>ö</i>, <i>ü</i>, samt det neutrala <i>i</i>, vidare diftongerna <i>ai</i>, <i>oi</i>, <i>ui</i>, <i>äi</i>, <i>öi</i>, <i>üi</i>, men mangler de <a href="/wiki/Tyrkiske_sprog" title="Tyrkiske sprog">tyrkiske sprogs</a> hårde <i>i</i>. En vigtig fonologisk process er det indbyrdes beroendet af hårde og bløde vokaler, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokalharmoni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokalharmoni (ikke skrevet endnu)">vokalharmonien</a>. </p><p>Af <a href="/wiki/Konsonant" title="Konsonant">konsonantfonem</a> findes de fleste danske, men ikke alle som /f/ og /h/ og /ɕ/,/ɧ/ och /v/ og de fleste tonende klusiler fx (/h/ genfindes dog i burjatisk). Der ud over findes frikativerne /z/ (tonende s), tonløse /x/ (<i>ch</i>; tysk ach-lyd) og deres tonende modsvarethed /ɣ/ (<i>gh</i>), samt affrikaterne /tʃ/ (<i>tj</i>, <i>č</i>), /dʒ/ (<i>dzj</i>, <i>ǰ</i>), /ts/ og /dz/. Forskellen mellem øst- og vestmongolsk er overvejende af fonetisk art, men det må bemærkes, at denne forskel egentlig kun vedrører det litterære østmongolske sprog. </p><p>Det nuværende østmongolske samtalesprog står nemlig kalmuckisk ganske nær, men skriftsproget som der som oftest alene sigtes til med udtrykket "mongolske sprog" (og tillige alene behandles i den følgende beskrivelse), har bibeholdt meget ældre former, således at skrift- og talespråog adskiller sig indbyrdes lige så meget som old- og nydansk. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Skriftsprog">Skriftsprog</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolsk_(sprog)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigér afsnit: Skriftsprog" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolsk_(sprog)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Skriftsprog"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:OvormonggolAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/OvormonggolAR.svg/220px-OvormonggolAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/OvormonggolAR.svg/330px-OvormonggolAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/OvormonggolAR.svg/440px-OvormonggolAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="275" /></a><figcaption>Skrifteksempel på traditionel mongolisk skrift</figcaption></figure> <p>Den traditionelle <a href="/wiki/Mongolsk_skrift" class="mw-redirect" title="Mongolsk skrift">mongolske skrift</a> blev udviklet fra den <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uigurisk_skrift&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uigurisk skrift (ikke skrevet endnu)">uiguriske skrift</a> i <a href="/wiki/1200-tallet" class="mw-redirect" title="1200-tallet">1200-tallet</a> og er således af semitisk (syrisk) oprindelse; den løber i lodrette rækker oppefra og ned. Rækkerne og siderne følger hinanden fra venstre mod højre. I begyndelsen havde den mongolske för den klassiske litteratur anvendte skrift blot 14 tegn, og for de hinanden nært stående lyde, såsom <i>k</i> og <i>g</i>, <i>t</i> og <i>d</i>, <i>u</i> og <i>o</i> fandtes blot et tegn, men den udvikledes efterhånden til det nuværende antal med 7 vokaler og 17 konsonanter. Vokalerne anses dog ikke som i og for sig selvstændige tegn, men konsonanterne angives i det mongolske alfabetet altid i forening med vokaler og derfor i fire former: med <i>a</i> (<i>ä</i>), <i>o</i> (<i>u</i>), <i>ü</i> (<i>ö</i>) og <i>i</i>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Phagspa_imperial_edict_dragon_year.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Phagspa_imperial_edict_dragon_year.jpg/220px-Phagspa_imperial_edict_dragon_year.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Phagspa_imperial_edict_dragon_year.jpg/330px-Phagspa_imperial_edict_dragon_year.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Phagspa_imperial_edict_dragon_year.jpg/440px-Phagspa_imperial_edict_dragon_year.jpg 2x" data-file-width="965" data-file-height="523" /></a><figcaption>Kejserligt edikt skrevet i <a href="/w/index.php?title=%27phags-pa-skrift&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="'phags-pa-skrift (ikke skrevet endnu)">'phags-pa-skrift</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>I 1269 skabte den <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">tibetanske</a> lama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Drog%C3%B6n_Ch%C3%B6gyal_Phagpa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drogön Chögyal Phagpa (ikke skrevet endnu)">Drogön Chögyal Phagpa</a>, som tjente ved <a href="/wiki/Kublai_Khan" title="Kublai Khan">Kublai Khans</a> hof, et nyt alfabet for mongolsk, som kaldes for <i>Dörbelǰin üsüg</i> eller <a href="/w/index.php?title=%27phags-pa-skrift&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="'phags-pa-skrift (ikke skrevet endnu)">'phags-pa-skriften</a> og var omdannet fra det <a href="/wiki/Tibetansk" class="mw-redirect" title="Tibetansk">tibetanske</a> og derfor af <a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">sanskritisk</a> oprindelse. Skriften formåede dog aldrig at erstatte den ældre mongolske skrift og anvendes kun i de hellige bøger. </p><p>Under pres fra <a href="/wiki/Sovjetunionen" title="Sovjetunionen">Sovjetunionen</a> blev det traditionelle alfabet erstattet af det <a href="/wiki/Latinske_alfabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Latinske alfabet">latinske</a> i 1931 og senere det <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolske_alfabet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mongolske alfabet (ikke skrevet endnu)">mongolske alfabet</a>, som bygger på det <a href="/wiki/Kyrilliske_alfabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyrilliske alfabet">kyrilliske</a>, i 1937. I 1941 afskaffedes det traditionelle alfabet ved lov, men det blev tilladt igen i 1994. Mongolisk i Kina har dog vedvarende anvendt det traditionelle alfabet. </p><p>Udtale og transkribering af det modificerede kyrilliske alfabet for mongolsk: </p> <table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse;"> <tbody><tr> <th align="center">Tegn </th> <th align="center">Udtale (<a href="/wiki/Internationale_fonetiske_alfabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Internationale fonetiske alfabet">IPA</a>) </th> <th align="center">Transkription </th> <th> </th> <th align="center">Tegn </th> <th align="center">Udtale (<a href="/wiki/Internationale_fonetiske_alfabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Internationale fonetiske alfabet">IPA</a>) </th> <th align="center">Transkription </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center">А а </td> <td align="center">a, ɑ </td> <td align="center">a </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">П п </td> <td align="center">pʰ, pʰʲ, p </td> <td align="center">p </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Б б </td> <td align="center">p, pʲ, b </td> <td align="center">b </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">Р р </td> <td align="center">r, rʲ, ɢ, q, ʁ, χ </td> <td align="center">r </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">В в </td> <td align="center">w, wʲ, ɸ, β </td> <td align="center">v<sup>1</sup> </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">С с </td> <td align="center">s </td> <td align="center">s </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Г г </td> <td align="center">ɡ, ɡʲ, ɢ, k </td> <td align="center">g </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">Т т </td> <td align="center">tʰ, tʰʲ, d </td> <td align="center">t </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Д д </td> <td align="center">t, tʲ </td> <td align="center">d </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">У у </td> <td align="center">ʊ </td> <td align="center">u </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Е е </td> <td align="center">je, jɛ, jɜ </td> <td align="center">je </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">Ү ү<sup>2</sup> </td> <td align="center">u, ʉ </td> <td align="center">ü </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Ё ё </td> <td align="center">jɔ </td> <td align="center">jo </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">Ф ф </td> <td align="center">f, ɸ </td> <td align="center">f </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Ж ж </td> <td align="center">ʧ, ʤ </td> <td align="center">dzj </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">Х х </td> <td align="center">x, xʲ, χ </td> <td align="center">ch </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">З з </td> <td align="center">ʦ, ʣ </td> <td align="center">dz </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">Ц ц </td> <td align="center">ʦʰ, c </td> <td align="center">ts </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">И и </td> <td align="center">i </td> <td align="center">i </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">Ч ч </td> <td align="center">ʧʰ, ʧ </td> <td align="center">tj </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Й й </td> <td align="center">j, i </td> <td align="center">j </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">Ш ш </td> <td align="center">ʃ </td> <td align="center">sj </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">К к </td> <td align="center">k, kʲ </td> <td align="center">k </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">Щ щ </td> <td align="center">sʧ, ʃʧ </td> <td align="center">stj </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Л л </td> <td align="center">ɮ, ɮʲ, l, ɬ </td> <td align="center">l </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">Ы ы </td> <td align="center">i, ɨ </td> <td align="center">y </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">М м </td> <td align="center">m, mʲ </td> <td align="center">m </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">Ь ь </td> <td align="center">ʲ </td> <td align="center">j, ', ĭ<sup>3</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Н н </td> <td align="center">n, nʲ, ŋ </td> <td align="center">n </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">Э э </td> <td align="center">e, ɛ </td> <td align="center">e </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">О о </td> <td align="center">ɔ, ə </td> <td align="center">o </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">Ю ю </td> <td align="center">jʊ, ju </td> <td align="center">ju </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">Ө ө<sup>4</sup> </td> <td align="center">o, ɞ </td> <td align="center">ö </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">Я я </td> <td align="center">ja </td> <td align="center">ja </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><sup>1</sup>Undertiden transkriberet w.<br /> <sup>2</sup>Undertiden gengivet med latinsk V v eller Ї ї.<br /> <sup>3</sup>Oftest udeladt i svensk transkribering.<br /> <sup>4</sup>Undertiden gengivet med Є є. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mongolsk_litteratur">Mongolsk litteratur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolsk_(sprog)&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigér afsnit: Mongolsk litteratur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolsk_(sprog)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Mongolsk litteratur"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Den ældre litteratur består overvejende af oversættelser dels fra <a href="/wiki/Tibetansk" class="mw-redirect" title="Tibetansk">tibetansk</a> og derigennem indirekte fra <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">sanskritoriginal</a>, dels i mindre grad fra <a href="/wiki/Kinesisk_(sprog)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kinesisk (sprog)">kinesisk</a>, af religiøst, historisk, filosofisk, astronomisk og medicinsk indhold. En oversigt over den ældre mongolske litteraturs vigtigste alster er Laufers "Skizze der mongolischen Literatur" (<i>Keleti szemle</i> VIII, Budapest 1907). </p><p>Af religiøse arbejder må nævnes <i>Altan gäräl</i> (Guld-glans) og især <i>Üligärun dalai</i> ("Lignelsehav," udgivet af <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaak_Jakob_Schmidt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isaak Jakob Schmidt (ikke skrevet endnu)">Isaak Jakob Schmidt</a> på tibetansk og tysk under titlen <i>Der Weise und der Thor</i>, Petersburg 1843). </p><p>Historiskt viktig er den mongolske fyrste Sanang-Setsens krønike fra 1600-tallet, som indeholder mongolernes ældste historiske traditioner, som er sammenvævede med langt yngre buddhistiske fabler (udgivet af Schmidt, på mongolisk og tysk, <i>Geschichte der ostmongolen</i> etc., 1829), samt <i>Altan tobci</i> (Guldknap, udgivet på mongolsk og russisk af "lamaen" Gombojev, 1858). </p><p>Til det ikke ubetydelige forråd af interessante folkelige overleveringer hører legenden om Geser-chan (udgivet af Schmidt, mongolsk tekst, 1836; tysk oversættelse 1839), den fra sanskrit lånte sagasamling <i>Siddhi-kür</i> (Jülg, "Die märchen des Siddhi-Kür", kalmuckisk og tysk, med kalmuckisk-tysk ordliste, 1866) og de poetiske legender, som kaldes <i>Djanggar</i> (kalmuckisk tekst af Golstunski, 1864; russisk oversættelse af Bobrovnikov, 1854). Det mongolske samtalesprog i anden halvdel af 1800-tallet er behandlet i Pozdnjejevs værdifulde samling af mongolsk folkpoesi (med russisk oversættelse, fra 1880). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencer">Referencer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolsk_(sprog)&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigér afsnit: Referencer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolsk_(sprog)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Referencer"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11780210">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_1-0">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Estimate from Svantesson <i>et al.</i> 2005: 141</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/language/mon">Ethnologue: Languages of the World, </a></i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/language/mon">Mongolian<i></i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11752076">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090822084246/http://www.edulaws.pmis.gov.mn/edulaws/web/index.php?modules=law&viewid=2&law_id=189">"Törijn alban josny helnij tuhaj huul'"</a>. MongolianLaws.com. 2003-05-15. Arkiveret fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edulaws.pmis.gov.mn/edulaws/web/index.php?modules=law&viewid=2&law_id=189">originalen</a> 2009-08-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Hentet <span class="nowrap">2009-03-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=T%C3%B6rijn+alban+josny+helnij+tuhaj+huul%27&rft.pub=MongolianLaws.com&rft.date=2003-05-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.edulaws.pmis.gov.mn%2Fedulaws%2Fweb%2Findex.php%3Fmodules%3Dlaw%26viewid%3D2%26law_id%3D189&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fda.wikipedia.org%3AMongolsk+%28sprog%29" class="Z3988"></span> The decisions of the council have to be ratified by the government.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Mongγul kele bičig-ün aǰil-un ǰöblel". See Sečenbaγatur <i>et al.</i> 2005: 204.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_henvisninger">Eksterne henvisninger</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolsk_(sprog)&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redigér afsnit: Eksterne henvisninger" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolsk_(sprog)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne henvisninger"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Svantesson, Jan-Olof, Anna Tsendina, Anastasia Karlsson, Vivan Franzén. 2005. <i>The Phonology of Mongolian</i>. New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Internationalt_Standardbognummer" title="Internationalt Standardbognummer">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciel:ISBN-s%C3%B8gning/0-19-926017-6" title="Speciel:ISBN-søgning/0-19-926017-6">0-19-926017-6</a>.</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/15px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/23px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/30px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a></span> Der findes også en <a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="mn:">Wikipedia på mongolsk</a>.</li></ul> <ul><li><div class="plainlinks" style="display:inline;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/11px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/17px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/22px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> har flere filer relateret til <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mongolian_language" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mongolian language">Mongolsk</a></b> </div></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11759279">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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