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Cutis verticis gyrata - Wikipedia

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searchaux" style="display:none">Medical condition</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Medical condition</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox ib-medical-condition"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ccc">Cutis verticis gyrata</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data">CVG</td></tr><tr style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Shuttleworth_Potts_Plate_I_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Shuttleworth_Potts_Plate_I_%282%29.jpg/220px-Shuttleworth_Potts_Plate_I_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Shuttleworth_Potts_Plate_I_%282%29.jpg/330px-Shuttleworth_Potts_Plate_I_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Shuttleworth_Potts_Plate_I_%282%29.jpg/440px-Shuttleworth_Potts_Plate_I_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="925" data-file-height="1195" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Cutis verticis gyrata in a congenital <a href="/wiki/Imbecile" title="Imbecile">imbecile</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Cutis verticis gyrata</b> is a medical condition usually associated with thickening of the <a href="/wiki/Scalp" title="Scalp">scalp</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The condition is identified by excessive thickening of the soft tissues of the scalp and characterized by ridges and furrows, which give the scalp a cerebriform appearance. Clinically, the ridges are hard and cannot be flattened on applying pressure. Patients show visible folds, ridges or creases on the surface of the top of the scalp.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The number of folds can vary from two to roughly ten and they are typically soft and spongy. The condition typically affects the central and rear regions of the scalp, but sometimes can involve the entire scalp. </p><p>Hair loss can occur over time where the scalp thickens, though hair within any furrows remains normal. Thus far, due to the (apparent) rarity of the condition, limited research exists and causes are as yet undetermined. What is known, is that the condition is not exclusively <a href="/wiki/Congenital_disorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Congenital disorder">congenital</a>. </p><p>The condition was first reported by <a href="/wiki/Jean-Louis-Marc_Alibert" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean-Louis-Marc Alibert">Jean-Louis-Marc Alibert</a> in 1837,<sup id="cite_ref-Alibert1837_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alibert1837-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> who called it <i>cutis sulcata</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> A clinical description of the condition was provided by Robert<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (June 2016)">who?</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> in 1843<sup id="cite_ref-Robert1843_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Robert1843-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and it was named by <a href="/wiki/Paul_Gerson_Unna" title="Paul Gerson Unna">Paul Gerson Unna</a> in 1907.<sup id="cite_ref-Unna1907_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unna1907-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It has also been called <i>Robert-Unna syndrome</i>, <i>bulldog scalp</i>, <i>corrugated skin</i>, <i>cutis verticis plicata</i>, and <i>pachydermia verticis gyrata</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Levine_2004_p._7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Levine_2004_p.-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cause">Cause</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cutis_verticis_gyrata&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Cause"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At this time, causes are unknown, but it is believed to not be congenital.<sup id="cite_ref-Lamelas2016_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lamelas2016-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conditions_and_syndromes">Conditions and syndromes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cutis_verticis_gyrata&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Conditions and syndromes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gould_Pyle_72.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="1897 case" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Gould_Pyle_72.jpg/200px-Gould_Pyle_72.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Gould_Pyle_72.jpg/300px-Gould_Pyle_72.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Gould_Pyle_72.jpg/400px-Gould_Pyle_72.jpg 2x" data-file-width="652" data-file-height="752" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turricephalie_Atypique_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="1934 case" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Turricephalie_Atypique_2.jpg/200px-Turricephalie_Atypique_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Turricephalie_Atypique_2.jpg/300px-Turricephalie_Atypique_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Turricephalie_Atypique_2.jpg/400px-Turricephalie_Atypique_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="827" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">CVG in two cases of <a href="/wiki/Turricephaly" title="Turricephaly">turricephaly</a></div></div></div></div></div> <p>CVG is a feature of several conditions:<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acromegaloid_changes_cutis_verticis_gyrata_corneal" class="mw-redirect" title="Acromegaloid changes cutis verticis gyrata corneal">Acromegaloid phenotype with cutis verticis gyrata and corneal leukoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beare%E2%80%93Stevenson_cutis_gyrata_syndrome" title="Beare–Stevenson cutis gyrata syndrome">Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrata syndrome</a></li> <li>Cutis verticis gyrata and <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_disability" title="Intellectual disability">intellectual disability</a></li> <li>Cutis verticis gyrata, thyroid aplasia, and intellectual disability</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypertrophic_osteoarthropathy" title="Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy">Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy</a>, primary, <a href="/wiki/Dominance_(genetics)" title="Dominance (genetics)">autosomal dominant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NDE1" title="NDE1">NDE1</a>-related <a href="/wiki/Microhydranencephaly" title="Microhydranencephaly">microhydranencephaly</a></li> <li>Necrotizing encephalomyelopathy, subacute, of Leigh, adult</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diagnosis">Diagnosis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cutis_verticis_gyrata&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Diagnosis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The diagnosis of CVG is primarily clinical, based on the physical appearance of the scalp. Dermatological examination reveals the presence of thickened skin folds and furrows that are most commonly found on the vertex and occipital regions of the scalp. In some cases, additional tests may be conducted to rule out underlying conditions, especially for secondary CVG, including hormonal assays, imaging studies, or biopsy to assess the scalp's histological features. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Classifications">Classifications</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cutis_verticis_gyrata&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Classifications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cut_is_vertices_grata_new_image.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Cut_is_vertices_grata_new_image.jpg/220px-Cut_is_vertices_grata_new_image.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Cut_is_vertices_grata_new_image.jpg/330px-Cut_is_vertices_grata_new_image.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Cut_is_vertices_grata_new_image.jpg/440px-Cut_is_vertices_grata_new_image.jpg 2x" data-file-width="554" data-file-height="526" /></a><figcaption>An extreme case of Cutis Verticis Gyrata</figcaption></figure> <p>CVG is classified according to the presence, or lack of underlying cause. Studies suggest that CVG often occurs in individuals in a secondary form to other ailments. However, the condition can also be present on its own. CVG can be classified into two forms: ‘primary’ (essential and non-essential) and ‘secondary’.<sup id="cite_ref-RadwanskiRocha_Almeida2009_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RadwanskiRocha_Almeida2009-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The classifications are: </p> <dl><dd><ul><li>Primary essential</li> <li>Primary non-essential</li> <li>Secondary</li></ul></dd></dl> <p>Primary essential CVG is where the cause of the condition in unknown. It has no other associated abnormalities. This occurs mainly in men, with a male:female ratio of between 5:1 and 6:1, and develops during or soon after puberty. Because of the slow progression of the condition, which usually occurs without symptom, it often passes unnoticed in the early stage.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Primary non-essential CVG can be associated with neuropsychiatric disorders including cerebral palsy, epilepsy, seizures, and ophthalmologic abnormalities, most commonly cataracts.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> </p><p>Secondary CVG occurs as a consequence of a number of diseases or drugs that produce changes in scalp structure. These include: <a href="/wiki/Acromegaly" title="Acromegaly">acromegaly</a> (excessive <a href="/wiki/Growth_hormone" title="Growth hormone">growth hormone</a> levels due to pituitary gland tumours), and theoretically, the use of growth hormone itself or the use of drugs that mimic the effect of growth hormone (such as <a href="/wiki/GHRP-6" title="GHRP-6">GHRP-6</a> and <a href="/wiki/CJC-1295" title="CJC-1295">CJC-1295</a>). It may also arise in association with melanocytic naevi (moles), birthmarks (including connective tissue naevi, fibromas and naevus lipomatosus), and inflammatory processes (e.g. eczema, psoriasis, Darier disease, folliculitis, impetigo, atopic dermatitis, acne).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Treatment">Treatment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cutis_verticis_gyrata&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Treatment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Options for medical treatment for this condition have been limited to plastic surgery with excision of the folds by means of scalp reduction/surgical resection. Scalp subcision has also been suggested as a treatment.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Additional suggestions also include injections of a dermal filler (e.g. (<a href="/wiki/Polylactic_acid" title="Polylactic acid">poly-L-lactic acid</a>)).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two published medical journals appear to show <a href="/wiki/Hyaluronidase" title="Hyaluronidase">Hyaluronidase</a> injections (Hyaluronidase is an enzyme used to dissolve <a href="/wiki/Hyaluronic_acid" title="Hyaluronic acid">hyaluronic acid</a> which is a component of our skin that contributes to its thickness) as a possible treatment.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cutis_verticis_gyrata&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skin_lesion" class="mw-redirect" title="Skin lesion">Skin lesion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cutaneous_conditions" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cutaneous conditions">List of cutaneous conditions</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reddit.com/r/CVGSupportGroup/">External Support Group</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cutis_verticis_gyrata&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Notes</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJames,_WilliamBerger,_TimothyElston,_Dirk2005" class="citation book cs1">James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/andrewsdiseasess00mdwi_659"><i>Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology</i></a></span> (10th&#160;ed.). Saunders. p.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/andrewsdiseasess00mdwi_659/page/n582">572</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7216-2921-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7216-2921-6"><bdi>978-0-7216-2921-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Andrews%27+Diseases+of+the+Skin%3A+Clinical+Dermatology&amp;rft.pages=572&amp;rft.edition=10th&amp;rft.pub=Saunders&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-7216-2921-6&amp;rft.au=James%2C+William&amp;rft.au=Berger%2C+Timothy&amp;rft.au=Elston%2C+Dirk&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fandrewsdiseasess00mdwi_659&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACutis+verticis+gyrata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRapini,_Ronald_P.Bolognia,_Jean_L.Jorizzo,_Joseph_L.2007" class="citation book cs1">Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. 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St. Louis: Mosby. p.&#160;1502. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4160-2999-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4160-2999-1"><bdi>978-1-4160-2999-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Dermatology%3A+2-Volume+Set&amp;rft.place=St.+Louis&amp;rft.pages=1502&amp;rft.pub=Mosby&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-4160-2999-1&amp;rft.au=Rapini%2C+Ronald+P.&amp;rft.au=Bolognia%2C+Jean+L.&amp;rft.au=Jorizzo%2C+Joseph+L.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACutis+verticis+gyrata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Alibert1837-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Alibert1837_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTanErgen2006" class="citation journal cs1">Tan O, Ergen D (July 2006). 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Dallo, Christopher; Altmeyer, Mary (5 January 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholars.direct/Articles/dermatology/dma-3-018.php?jid=dermatology">"Cutis Verticis Gyrata Improved with Injected Hyaluronidase Treatments"</a>. <i>Dermatology Archives</i>. <b>3</b> (1). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.36959%2F661%2F304">10.36959/661/304</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Dermatology+Archives&amp;rft.atitle=Cutis+Verticis+Gyrata+Improved+with+Injected+Hyaluronidase+Treatments&amp;rft.volume=3&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.date=2019-01-05&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.36959%2F661%2F304&amp;rft.aulast=Welborn&amp;rft.aufirst=Macartney&amp;rft.au=Dallo%2C+Christopher&amp;rft.au=Altmeyer%2C+Mary&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscholars.direct%2FArticles%2Fdermatology%2Fdma-3-018.php%3Fjid%3Ddermatology&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACutis+verticis+gyrata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><b>Bibliography</b> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNguyen_NQ2003" class="citation journal cs1">Nguyen NQ (October 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dermatology.cdlib.org/94/NYU/Nov2002/9.html">"Cutis verticis gyrata"</a>. <i>Dermatology Online Journal</i>. <b>9</b> (4): 32. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5070%2FD31DP6W6KS">10.5070/D31DP6W6KS</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14594605">14594605</a>.</cite><span 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