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<span>Design</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operational_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operational_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Operational history</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Operational_history-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Operational history subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Operational_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Argentina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Argentina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Argentina</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Argentina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-France" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#France"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>France</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-France-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lebanon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lebanon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Lebanon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lebanon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Morocco" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Morocco"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Morocco</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Morocco-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Portugal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portugal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Portugal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Portugal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Africa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>South Africa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Private_military_companies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Private_military_companies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Private military companies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Private_military_companies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Civil" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Civil"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.9</span> <span>Civil</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Civil-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Variants</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Variants-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Variants subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Variants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Aérospatiale_versions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aérospatiale_versions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Aérospatiale versions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aérospatiale_versions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Versions_by_other_manufacturers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Versions_by_other_manufacturers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Versions by other manufacturers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Versions_by_other_manufacturers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Operators</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Operators-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Operators subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Operators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Current_operators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_operators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Current operators</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_operators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Former_operators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_operators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Former operators</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_operators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_accidents_and_incidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_accidents_and_incidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notable accidents and incidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_accidents_and_incidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specifications_(SA_330H_Puma)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specifications_(SA_330H_Puma)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Specifications (SA 330H Puma)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Specifications_(SA_330H_Puma)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_appearances_in_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_appearances_in_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notable appearances in media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_appearances_in_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 30 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma" title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A3%D8%B3_%D8%A5%D9%8A%D9%87_330_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7" title="ايروسباسيال أس إيه 330 بوما – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ايروسباسيال أس إيه 330 بوما" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma" title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sud-Aviation_SA.330_Puma" title="Sud-Aviation SA.330 Puma – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Sud-Aviation SA.330 Puma" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330" title="Aérospatiale SA 330 – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Aérospatiale SA 330" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma" title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330" title="Aérospatiale SA 330 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Aérospatiale SA 330" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Puma" title="Aérospatiale Puma – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Aérospatiale Puma" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma" title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA330_Puma" title="Aérospatiale SA330 Puma – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aérospatiale SA330 Puma" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A7%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D8%A2_%DB%B3%DB%B3%DB%B0_%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7" title="آئروسپاسیال اس‌آ ۳۳۰ پوما – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آئروسپاسیال اس‌آ ۳۳۰ پوما" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sud-Aviation_SA330_Puma" title="Sud-Aviation SA330 Puma – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sud-Aviation SA330 Puma" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma" title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%97%90%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%A4%ED%8C%8C%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%8C_SA_330_%ED%93%8C%EB%A7%88" title="아에로스파시알 SA 330 퓌마 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아에로스파시알 SA 330 퓌마" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma" title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma" title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C_SA_330_%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%94" title="איירוספסיאל SA 330 פומה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איירוספסיאל SA 330 פומה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Puma" title="Aérospatiale Puma – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Aérospatiale Puma" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Puma" title="Aérospatiale Puma – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Aérospatiale Puma" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA_330_(%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%A9%9F)" title="SA 330 (航空機) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="SA 330 (航空機)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma" title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Puma" title="Aérospatiale Puma – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Aérospatiale Puma" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA-330_Puma" title="Aérospatiale SA-330 Puma – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Aérospatiale SA-330 Puma" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma" title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA-330_Puma" title="Aérospatiale SA-330 Puma – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Aérospatiale SA-330 Puma" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma" title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma" title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma" title="Aérospatiale SA 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_Puma&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Aérospatiale Puma">Aérospatiale Puma</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1965 transport helicopter family by Sud Aviation</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248642317">.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-above{line-height:1.6em;background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-header{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;line-height:23px;background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-label{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-label{width:30%;padding-right:3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-data{width:50%}}</style><table class="infobox ib-aircraft vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">SA 330 Puma</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Puma_-_RIAT_2010_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Puma_-_RIAT_2010_%28cropped%29.jpg/300px-Puma_-_RIAT_2010_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Puma_-_RIAT_2010_%28cropped%29.jpg/450px-Puma_-_RIAT_2010_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Puma_-_RIAT_2010_%28cropped%29.jpg/600px-Puma_-_RIAT_2010_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2095" data-file-height="1315" /></a></span> <div class="ib-aircraft-caption">A <a href="/wiki/French_Army" title="French Army">French Army</a> Puma performing over <a href="/wiki/RIAT" class="mw-redirect" title="RIAT">RIAT</a>, 2010</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Utility_helicopter" title="Utility helicopter">Utility helicopter</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">National origin</th><td class="infobox-data">France</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Aerospace_manufacturer" title="Aerospace manufacturer">Manufacturer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sud_Aviation" title="Sud Aviation">Sud Aviation</a><br /><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale" title="Aérospatiale">Aérospatiale</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">In service</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Primary users</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/French_Army" title="French Army">French Army</a><div> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Air_Force" title="Romanian Air Force">Romanian Air Force</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Army" title="Pakistan Army">Pakistan Army</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number built</th><td class="infobox-data">697</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufactured</th><td class="infobox-data">1968–1987</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Introduction date</th><td class="infobox-data">1968</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First flight</th><td class="infobox-data">15 April 1965</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Variants</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/IAR_330" title="IAR 330">IAR 330</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Atlas_Oryx" title="Atlas Oryx">Atlas Oryx</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Developed into</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS332_Super_Puma" title="Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma">Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS532_Cougar" title="Eurocopter AS532 Cougar">Eurocopter AS532 Cougar</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Denel_Rooivalk" title="Denel Rooivalk">Denel Rooivalk</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma</b> is a four-bladed, twin-engined medium transport/utility <a href="/wiki/Helicopter" title="Helicopter">helicopter</a> designed and originally produced by the French aerospace manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Sud_Aviation" title="Sud Aviation">Sud Aviation</a>. </p><p>The Puma was developed as a new design during the mid-1960s in response to a <a href="/wiki/French_Army" title="French Army">French Army</a> requirement for a medium-sized all-weather utility helicopter. Powered by a pair of <a href="/wiki/Turbomeca_Turmo" title="Turbomeca Turmo">Turbomeca Turmo</a> <a href="/wiki/Turboshaft" title="Turboshaft">turboshaft</a> engines, it was designed to transport up to 16 seated soldiers, or a maximum of six <a href="/wiki/Litter_(rescue_basket)" title="Litter (rescue basket)">litters</a> with four attendants for casualty evacuation, along with carrying up to 2,500 kg of cargo either internally or using an external sling. The design of the Puma incorporated several innovations, including an automatic <a href="/wiki/Blade_inspection_method" title="Blade inspection method">blade inspection system</a> and relatively advanced anti-vibration measures integrated into the main <a href="/wiki/Transmission_(mechanical_device)" title="Transmission (mechanical device)">gearbox</a> and main rotor blades. It was also designed to be capable of operating at night, under inhospitable flying conditions and in climates from <a href="/wiki/Arctic" title="Arctic">Arctic</a> to <a href="/wiki/Desert" title="Desert">desert</a>. The Puma also has an intentionally high level of reserve power to permit effective flight even at its maximum weight with only a single operational engine. </p><p>On 15 April 1965, the first <a href="/wiki/Prototype" title="Prototype">prototype</a> performed its <a href="/wiki/Maiden_flight" title="Maiden flight">maiden flight</a>; the first production standard Puma made its first flight during September 1968. Deliveries to the French Army commenced in early 1969; the type quickly proved itself to be a commercial success. Production of the Puma continued into the 1980s under Sud Aviation's successor company <a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale" title="Aérospatiale">Aérospatiale</a>. It was also <a href="/wiki/Licensed_production" title="Licensed production">license-produced</a> in <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> as the <a href="/wiki/IAR_330" title="IAR 330">IAR 330</a>; two unlicensed derivatives, the <a href="/wiki/Denel_Rooivalk" title="Denel Rooivalk">Denel Rooivalk</a> attack helicopter and <a href="/wiki/Atlas_Oryx" title="Atlas Oryx">Atlas Oryx</a> utility helicopter, were built in <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>. Several advanced derivatives have been developed, such as the <a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS332_Super_Puma" title="Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma">AS332 Super Puma</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS532_Cougar" title="Eurocopter AS532 Cougar">AS532 Cougar</a>, and have been manufactured by <a href="/wiki/Eurocopter" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurocopter">Eurocopter</a> and its successor company <a href="/wiki/Airbus_Helicopters" title="Airbus Helicopters">Airbus Helicopters</a> since the early 1990s. These descendants of the Puma remain in production. </p><p>Significant operations include the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/South_African_Border_War" title="South African Border War">South African Border War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Colonial_War" title="Portuguese Colonial War">Portuguese Colonial War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Wars" title="Yugoslav Wars">Yugoslav Wars</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Civil_War" title="Lebanese Civil War">Lebanese Civil War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Falklands_War" title="Falklands War">Falklands War</a>. Numerous operators have chosen to modernise their fleets, often adding more capabilities and new features, such as <a href="/wiki/Glass_cockpit" title="Glass cockpit">glass cockpits</a>, <a href="/wiki/Global_Positioning_System" title="Global Positioning System">Global Positioning System</a> (GPS) navigation, and defense measures. The type also saw popular use in the civilian field and has been operated by a number of civil operators. One of the largest civil operators of the Puma was <a href="/wiki/Bristow_Helicopters" title="Bristow Helicopters">Bristow Helicopters</a>, which regularly used it for off shore operations over the <a href="/wiki/North_Sea" title="North Sea">North Sea</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The SA 330 Puma was originally developed by <a href="/wiki/Sud_Aviation" title="Sud Aviation">Sud Aviation</a> to meet a requirement of the <a href="/wiki/French_Army" title="French Army">French Army</a> for a medium-sized all-weather helicopter capable of carrying up to 20 soldiers as well as various cargo-carrying duties. The choice was made to develop a new design for the helicopter, work began in 1963 with backing from the French government.<sup id="cite_ref-McGowen_123_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McGowen_123-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first of two Puma prototypes flew on 15 April 1965; six further pre-production models were also built, the last of which flew on 30 July 1968. The first production SA 330 Puma flew in September 1968, with deliveries to the French Army starting in early 1969.<sup id="cite_ref-Janes_76_p41_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janes_76_p41-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SA330BPuma2004.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/SA330BPuma2004.jpg/220px-SA330BPuma2004.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/SA330BPuma2004.jpg/330px-SA330BPuma2004.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/SA330BPuma2004.jpg/440px-SA330BPuma2004.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2946" data-file-height="1860" /></a><figcaption>SA 330B Puma, 2004</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1967, the Puma was selected by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a> (RAF), who were impressed by the Puma's performance. It was given the <a href="/wiki/British_military_aircraft_designation_systems" title="British military aircraft designation systems">designation</a> <i>Puma HC Mk 1</i>. A significant joint manufacturing agreement was signed between Aerospatiale and <a href="/wiki/Westland_Helicopters" title="Westland Helicopters">Westland Helicopters</a> of the UK. The close collaboration between the French and British firms would lead to purchases of <a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Gazelle" title="Aérospatiale Gazelle">Aérospatiale Gazelle</a> by the UK and the <a href="/wiki/Westland_Lynx" title="Westland Lynx">Westland Lynx</a> by France. Under this agreement, Westland manufactured a range of components and performed the assembly of Pumas ordered by the RAF.<sup id="cite_ref-Variants_p97-8_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Variants_p97-8-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RAF_Westland_SA-330E_Puma_HC1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/RAF_Westland_SA-330E_Puma_HC1.jpg/220px-RAF_Westland_SA-330E_Puma_HC1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/RAF_Westland_SA-330E_Puma_HC1.jpg/330px-RAF_Westland_SA-330E_Puma_HC1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/RAF_Westland_SA-330E_Puma_HC1.jpg/440px-RAF_Westland_SA-330E_Puma_HC1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption>RAF Westland Puma, 1974</figcaption></figure> <p>The SA 330 was a success on the export market, numerous countries purchased military variants of the Puma to serve in their armed forces; the type was also popularly received in the civil market, finding common usage by operators for transport duties to off-shore <a href="/wiki/Oil_platform" title="Oil platform">oil platforms</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Throughout most of the 1970s, the SA 330 Puma was the best selling transport helicopter being produced in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By July 1978, over 50 Pumas had already been delivered to civil customers, and the worldwide fleet had accumulated in excess of 500,000 operational hours.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> entered into an arrangement with Aerospatiale to produce the Puma under license as the <a href="/wiki/IAR_330" title="IAR 330">IAR 330</a>, manufacturing at least 163 of the type for the Romanian armed forces, civil operators, and several export customers of their own.<sup id="cite_ref-McGowen_124_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McGowen_124-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> also undertook domestic manufacturing of the SA 330.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, a keen user of the type, performed their own major modification and production program conducted by the government-owned <a href="/wiki/Atlas_Aircraft_Corporation" title="Atlas Aircraft Corporation">Atlas Aircraft Corporation</a> to upgrade their own Pumas, the resulting aircraft was named <a href="/wiki/Atlas_Oryx" title="Atlas Oryx">Oryx</a>. In the 1990s, <a href="/wiki/Denel" title="Denel">Denel</a> would also develop an attack helicopter for the <a href="/wiki/South_African_Air_Force" title="South African Air Force">South African Air Force</a> based on the Puma, known as the <a href="/wiki/Denel_Rooivalk" title="Denel Rooivalk">Denel Rooivalk</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-McGowen_124_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McGowen_124-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1974, Aerospatiale began development of improved Puma variants, aiming to produce a successor to the type; these efforts would cumulate in the <a href="/wiki/AS332_Super_Puma" class="mw-redirect" title="AS332 Super Puma">AS332 Super Puma</a>. The first prototype AS332 Super Puma took flight on 13 September 1978, featuring more powerful engines and a more aerodynamically efficient extended fuselage; by 1980, production of the AS332 Super Puma had overtaken that of the originating SA 330 Puma.<sup id="cite_ref-McGowen_154_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McGowen_154-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Production of the SA 330 Puma by Aérospatiale ceased in 1987,<sup id="cite_ref-Variants_p100_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Variants_p100-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by which time a total of 697 had been sold;<sup id="cite_ref-Janes_88_p57_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janes_88_p57-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> production in Romania would continue into the 21st Century.<sup id="cite_ref-McGowen_154_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McGowen_154-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:West_German_SA_330_Puma_cockpit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/West_German_SA_330_Puma_cockpit.jpg/220px-West_German_SA_330_Puma_cockpit.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="334" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/West_German_SA_330_Puma_cockpit.jpg/330px-West_German_SA_330_Puma_cockpit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/West_German_SA_330_Puma_cockpit.jpg/440px-West_German_SA_330_Puma_cockpit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1979" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Instrument panel of an SA 330 Puma in service with the West German border police, 1985.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma is a twin-engine helicopter principally intended for personnel transport and logistic support duties. As a troop carrier, up to 16 soldiers can be accommodated on foldable seats, while in a casualty evacuation configuration, the same cabin can hold up to six <a href="/wiki/Litter_(rescue_basket)" title="Litter (rescue basket)">litters</a> and four additional personnel. The Puma can also perform cargo transport duties, either via the external carriage of underslung payloads on a dedicated <a href="/wiki/Cargo_hook_(helicopter)" title="Cargo hook (helicopter)">cargo hook</a> or using the internal cabin space; up to a maximum weight of 2500 kg of cargo can be carried at a time. Civilian Pumas feature a variety of cabin layouts, typically intended for various forms of passenger transport, including <a href="/wiki/VIP" class="mw-redirect" title="VIP">VIPs</a>. In a search and rescue capacity, a <a href="/wiki/Hoist_(device)" title="Hoist (device)">hoist</a> is commonly installed, often mounted on the starboard fuselage.<sup id="cite_ref-neal_814_815_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-neal_814_815-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A pair of roof-mounted <a href="/wiki/Turbomeca_Turmo" title="Turbomeca Turmo">Turbomeca Turmo</a> <a href="/wiki/Turboshaft" title="Turboshaft">turboshaft</a> engines power the Puma's four-blade main rotor. The rotors are driven via a five reduction stage transmission at a typical speed of 265 <a href="/wiki/Revolutions_per_minute" title="Revolutions per minute">rpm</a>. The design of the transmission featured several unique and uncommon innovations for the time, such as single-part manufacturing of the rotor shaft and the anti-vibration measures integrated into the main <a href="/wiki/Transmission_(mechanical_device)" title="Transmission (mechanical device)">gearbox</a> and main rotor blades.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Puma also featured an automatic <a href="/wiki/Blade_inspection_method" title="Blade inspection method">blade inspection system</a>, which guarded against and alerted crews to fatigue cracking in the rotor blades. It is furnished with a pair of <a href="/wiki/Hydraulic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydraulic">hydraulic</a> systems that intentionally operate independently of one another, one system powering only the aircraft's flight controls while the other serves the <a href="/wiki/Autopilot" title="Autopilot">autopilot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Landing_gear" title="Landing gear">undercarriage</a>, and rotor brake, as well as the flight controls.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In terms of flight performance, the Puma was designed to be capable of high speeds, exhibit great maneuverability, and possess favourable hot-and-high performance; the engines have an intentionally high level of reserve power to enable a Puma to fly effectively even at maximum weight with only one functioning engine and proceed with its mission if circumstances require.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cockpit is provisioned with conventional dual controls for both a pilot and copilot, a third seat is provided in the cockpit for a reserve crew member or commander. The Puma features a SFIM-Newmark Type 127 electro-hydraulic autopilot; the autopilot is capable of <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_principal_axes#Longitudinal_axis_(roll)" title="Aircraft principal axes">roll</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_principal_axes#Transverse_axis_(pitch)" title="Aircraft principal axes">pitch</a> stabilization, the load hook operator can also directly perform corrective adjustments of the helicopter's position from their station via the autopilot.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Puma is readily air-transportable by <a href="/wiki/Airlift#Tactical_airlift" title="Airlift">tactical airlifters</a>, such as the <a href="/wiki/Transall_C-160" title="Transall C-160">Transall C-160</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-130_Hercules" title="Lockheed C-130 Hercules">Lockheed C-130 Hercules</a>; the main rotor, landing gear, and tailboom are all detachable to lower space requirements. Ease of maintenance was one of the objectives pursued in the Puma's design; many of the components and systems that would require routine inspection were positioned to be visible from ground level, use of life-limited components was minimised, and key areas of the mechanical systems were designed to be readily accessed.<sup id="cite_ref-neal_814_815_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-neal_814_815-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Puma is also capable of operating at nighttime, in inhospitable flying conditions, or in a wide range of climates from <a href="/wiki/Arctic" title="Arctic">Arctic</a> to <a href="/wiki/Desert" title="Desert">desert</a> environments.<sup id="cite_ref-raf_puma_profile_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-raf_puma_profile-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although not included during the original production run, numerous operators of Pumas have installed additional features and modern equipment over the rotorcraft's service life. The RAF have equipped their Puma fleet with <a href="/wiki/Global_Positioning_System" title="Global Positioning System">Global Positioning System</a> (GPS) navigation equipment, along with an assortment of <a href="/wiki/Electronic_countermeasure" title="Electronic countermeasure">self-defense measures</a> including <a href="/wiki/Infrared_countermeasure" title="Infrared countermeasure">infrared countermeasures</a> and automatic <a href="/wiki/Flare_(countermeasure)" title="Flare (countermeasure)">flares</a>/<a href="/wiki/Chaff_(countermeasure)" title="Chaff (countermeasure)">chaff</a> dispensers, and <a href="/wiki/Night_vision_goggle" class="mw-redirect" title="Night vision goggle">night vision goggles</a> for night-time flights.<sup id="cite_ref-raf_puma_profile_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-raf_puma_profile-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/French_Army_Light_Aviation" title="French Army Light Aviation">French Army Light Aviation</a> have modernised their Pumas to meet <a href="/wiki/International_Civil_Aviation_Organization" title="International Civil Aviation Organization">International Civil Aviation Organization</a> standards, this involved the addition of new digital systems, including mission <a href="/wiki/Command_and_control" title="Command and control">command and control</a> systems, such as the Sitalat <a href="/wiki/Data_link" title="Data link">data link</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Third-party companies such as South Africa's <a href="/wiki/Thunder_City" title="Thunder City">Thunder City</a> have provided life extension and modernisation programmes for the Puma, some operators have opted to refurbish their fleets with <a href="/wiki/Glass_cockpit" title="Glass cockpit">glass cockpits</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operational_history">Operational history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Operational history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Argentina">Argentina</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Argentina"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Falklands_War" title="Falklands War">Falklands War/Guerra de Malvinas</a> of 1982, five SA 330 Pumas of the <a href="/wiki/Argentine_Army" title="Argentine Army">Argentine Army</a> and one of the <a href="/wiki/Argentine_Coast_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Argentine Coast Guard">Argentine Coast Guard</a> were deployed to the theatre; these could either operate from the decks of Navy vessels as well as performing missions across the breadth of the islands; all were lost in the ensuing conflict.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 3 April, while landing Argentine troops as part of the <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_South_Georgia" title="Invasion of South Georgia">capture of South Georgia</a>, a Puma was badly damaged by <a href="/wiki/Small_arms" class="mw-redirect" title="Small arms">small arms fire</a> from British ground forces and crashed into terrain shortly after.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 9 May, a single Puma was destroyed by a <a href="/wiki/Sea_Dart" title="Sea Dart">Sea Dart</a> <a href="/wiki/Surface-to-air_missile" title="Surface-to-air missile">anti-aircraft missile</a> launched from <a href="/wiki/HMS_Coventry_(D118)" title="HMS Coventry (D118)">HMS <i>Coventry</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 23 May, a pair of <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> <a href="/wiki/British_Aerospace_Sea_Harrier" title="British Aerospace Sea Harrier">Sea Harriers</a> intercepted three Argentine Pumas in the middle of a supply mission to <a href="/wiki/Port_Howard" title="Port Howard">Port Howard</a>; during the subsequent engagement one Puma was destroyed by colliding with the terrain and a second was disabled and subsequently destroyed by cannon fire from the Sea Harriers, the third Puma escaped.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 30 May, a Puma was lost in the vicinity of <a href="/wiki/Mount_Kent" title="Mount Kent">Mount Kent</a> under unclear circumstances, possibly due to <a href="/wiki/Friendly_fire" title="Friendly fire">friendly fire</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an article in the Argentine newssite MercoPress reported that, on that same day, a Puma had been brought down by a <a href="/wiki/FIM-92_Stinger" title="FIM-92 Stinger">Stinger missile</a> fired by the <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">SAS</a> ground forces, near Mount Kent. Six <a href="/wiki/Gendarmeria_Nacional_Argentina" class="mw-redirect" title="Gendarmeria Nacional Argentina">National Gendarmerie</a> Special Forces were killed and eight more wounded in the downing.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="France">France</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: France"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In September 1979, four Pumas were employed during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Barracuda" title="Operation Barracuda">Operation Barracuda</a> to transport a French assault team directly upon the government headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Empire" title="Central African Empire">Central African Empire</a>; after which confiscated valuables and assorted diplomatic and political records were quickly extracted to the nearby French <a href="/wiki/Embassy" class="mw-redirect" title="Embassy">embassy</a> by continuous air lifts by the Pumas.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One distinctive use of the Puma in French service was as a VIP transport for carrying the <a href="/wiki/President_of_France" title="President of France">President of France</a> both at home and during overseas diplomatic engagements; these duties were transferred to the larger AS332 Super Puma as that became available in sufficient numbers.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:French_SA_330_Puma_lifts_off_in_a_cloud_of_sand_during_Operation_Desert_Shield.JPEG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/French_SA_330_Puma_lifts_off_in_a_cloud_of_sand_during_Operation_Desert_Shield.JPEG/220px-French_SA_330_Puma_lifts_off_in_a_cloud_of_sand_during_Operation_Desert_Shield.JPEG" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/French_SA_330_Puma_lifts_off_in_a_cloud_of_sand_during_Operation_Desert_Shield.JPEG/330px-French_SA_330_Puma_lifts_off_in_a_cloud_of_sand_during_Operation_Desert_Shield.JPEG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/French_SA_330_Puma_lifts_off_in_a_cloud_of_sand_during_Operation_Desert_Shield.JPEG/440px-French_SA_330_Puma_lifts_off_in_a_cloud_of_sand_during_Operation_Desert_Shield.JPEG 2x" data-file-width="2790" data-file-height="1900" /></a><figcaption>French Puma during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Desert_Shield" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Desert Shield">Operation Desert Shield</a>, 1990</figcaption></figure> <p>During the 1991 <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">First Gulf War</a>, France chose to dispatch several Pumas in support of coalition forces engaged in a conflict with <a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein">Saddam Hussein</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>. Those Pumas that had been assigned to the role of performing combat search-and-rescue duties were quickly retrofitted with <a href="/wiki/GPS" class="mw-redirect" title="GPS">GPS</a> receivers to enhance their navigational capabilities.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As part of France's contribution to the 1990s <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a>-led intervention in the <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Wars" title="Yugoslav Wars">Yugoslav Wars</a>, a number of French Pumas operated in the region alongside other Puma operators such as Britain and the <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a>; one frequent mission for the type was the vital provision of humanitarian aid missions to refugees escaping ongoing ethnic <a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">genocide</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 1994, a French Puma performed a nighttime extraction of a British <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">SAS</a> squad and a downed <a href="/wiki/British_Aerospace_Sea_Harrier" title="British Aerospace Sea Harrier">Sea Harrier</a> pilot from deep inside hostile <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_(region)" title="Bosnia (region)">Bosnian</a> territory, the aircraft came under small arms fire while retreating from the area.<sup id="cite_ref-Ryan33-35_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ryan33-35-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 18 June 1999, a single coordinated aerial insertion of two companies of French paratroopers was performed by 20 Pumas, helping to spearhead the rapid securing of <a href="/wiki/Kosovska_Mitrovica" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovska Mitrovica">Kosovska Mitrovica</a> by NATO ground forces.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 2010, both the French Army and French Navy have opted to procure separate variants of the <a href="/wiki/NHIndustries_NH90" title="NHIndustries NH90">NHIndustries NH90</a> to ultimately replace the Puma in French military service.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Starting in June 2014, a pair of Pumas of <i>Escadron d'Hélicoptères 1/67 'Pyrénées</i> (EH 1/60) were deployed to <a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a> and <a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a> from June 2014 as part of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Barkhane" title="Operation Barkhane">Operation Barkhane</a> to disrupt Islamist insurgency in the <a href="/wiki/Sahel" title="Sahel">Sahel</a> region. Initially operated from <a href="/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena">N'Djamena</a> in Chad, the detachment later moved forwards to <a href="/wiki/Dirkou" title="Dirkou">Dirkou</a> and <a href="/wiki/Madama" title="Madama">Madama</a> in Niger, supporting ground troops and interdicting supply routes for the insurgent; the detachment returned to France in September 2015 after being relieved by other French Army assets. Roughly 20 SA 330 Pumas remained in <a href="/wiki/French_Air_and_Space_Force" title="French Air and Space Force">French Air and Space Force</a> service by 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lebanon">Lebanon</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Lebanon"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:French_A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma_helicopters_in_Beirut_1983.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/French_A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma_helicopters_in_Beirut_1983.jpg/220px-French_A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma_helicopters_in_Beirut_1983.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/French_A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma_helicopters_in_Beirut_1983.jpg/330px-French_A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma_helicopters_in_Beirut_1983.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/French_A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma_helicopters_in_Beirut_1983.jpg/440px-French_A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma_helicopters_in_Beirut_1983.jpg 2x" data-file-width="469" data-file-height="507" /></a><figcaption>Pair of Pumas flying over Beirut, 1983</figcaption></figure> <p>Between 1980 and 1984, the <a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Air_Force" title="Lebanese Air Force">Lebanese Air Force</a> received from France ten SA 330C Pumas to equip its newly raised 9th transport squadron at <a href="/wiki/Beirut_Air_Base" title="Beirut Air Base">Beirut Air Base</a>, where it was initially based. In 1983, the squadron was relocated north of <a href="/wiki/Beirut" title="Beirut">Beirut</a> and its Pumas were dispersed across small improvised helipads around <a href="/wiki/Jounieh" title="Jounieh">Jounieh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adma_wa_Dafneh" title="Adma wa Dafneh">Adma</a> for security reasons. On 23 August 1984, a Puma carrying the <a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Armed_Forces" title="Lebanese Armed Forces">Lebanese Armed Forces</a>' Chief-of-staff and commander of the <a href="/wiki/7th_Infantry_Brigade_(Lebanon)" title="7th Infantry Brigade (Lebanon)">Seventh Brigade</a>, General <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nadim_al-Hakim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nadim al-Hakim (page does not exist)">Nadim al-Hakim</a>, and eight other senior military officers crashed in thick fog near <a href="/wiki/Beirut" title="Beirut">Beirut</a>, killing all personnel aboard.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 1 June 1987, the Lebanese Prime-Minister <a href="/wiki/Rachid_Karami" class="mw-redirect" title="Rachid Karami">Rachid Karami</a> was assassinated aboard a Puma en route to Beirut when a bomb exploded in an <a href="/wiki/Attach%C3%A9" title="Attaché">attaché</a> case on his lap; the explosion also injured Interior Minister <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Rassi" title="Abdullah Rassi">Abdullah Rassi</a> and three of the other twelve aides and crewmen on the Puma, which was severely damaged.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lat_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lat-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the final phase of the <a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Civil_War" title="Lebanese Civil War">Lebanese Civil War</a>, the Puma fleet – now reduced to seven or six helicopters of flightworthy condition<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – was typically being used to conduct liaison flights with neighboring <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> on behalf of General <a href="/wiki/Michel_Aoun" title="Michel Aoun">Michel Aoun</a>'s interim military government, although fuel shortages and maintenance problems forced their crews to typically ground them until the end of the war in October 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the conflict, the <a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Air_Force" title="Lebanese Air Force">Lebanese Air Force</a> Command made consistent efforts to rebuild its transport helicopter squadron with the help of the <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> and seven IAR 330 SM helicopters formerly in service with the <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates_Air_Force" title="United Arab Emirates Air Force">United Arab Emirates Air Force</a> were delivered in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, the Lebanese Air Force converted an IAR 330 SM into a <a href="/wiki/Helicopter_gunship" class="mw-redirect" title="Helicopter gunship">helicopter gunship</a> by mounting on hardened side-swivel mounts a single <a href="/wiki/ADEN_cannon" title="ADEN cannon">ADEN Mk 4/5 30mm</a> <a href="/wiki/Revolver_cannon" title="Revolver cannon">revolver cannon</a> on a modified pod and a pair of <a href="/wiki/SNEB" title="SNEB">SNEB 68mm rocket launchers</a> taken from decommissioned <a href="/wiki/Hawker_Hunter" title="Hawker Hunter">Hawker Hunter FGA.70 and FGA.70A</a> <a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft" title="Fighter aircraft">fighter aircraft</a>. Re-designated SA 330SM, the resulting Puma gunship underwent trials on October 10 that same year during aerial maneuvers held in <a href="/wiki/Wujah_Al_Hajar_Air_Base" title="Wujah Al Hajar Air Base">Hamat Air Base</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the trials were successful, the SA 300SM was not accepted for active service, with the Lebanese Air Force Command settling instead on an armed version of the <a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS532_Cougar" title="Eurocopter AS532 Cougar">Eurocopter AS532 Cougar</a>, of which seven helicopters were scheduled to be received over the next three years.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Morocco">Morocco</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Morocco"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moroccan_SA_330_Puma_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Moroccan_SA_330_Puma_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Moroccan_SA_330_Puma_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Moroccan_SA_330_Puma_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Moroccan_SA_330_Puma_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Moroccan_SA_330_Puma_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Moroccan_SA_330_Puma_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1210" data-file-height="773" /></a><figcaption>Moroccan Puma, 2012</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1974, Morocco made an agreement with France for the purchase of 40 Puma helicopters for their armed forces.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 1970s and 1980s, Moroccan Pumas saw combat service against <a href="/wiki/Polisario_Front" title="Polisario Front">Polisario Front</a> separatists and helped exert greater control over the <a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara" title="Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a> region; use of air power by Moroccan forces was severely curtailed after several aircraft were lost or damaged due to the presence of Soviet-provided <a href="/wiki/2K12_Kub" title="2K12 Kub">2K12 Kub</a> anti-aircraft missiles in rebel hands in the early 1980s.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2007, as part of a €2 billion deal between Morocco and France, a total of 25 Moroccan Pumas are to undergo extensive modernisation and upgrades.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Portugal">Portugal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Portugal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1969, <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> emerged as an early export customer for the Puma, ordering 12 of the helicopters for the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Air_Force" title="Portuguese Air Force">Portuguese Air Force</a>; Portugal would also be the first country to employ the Pumas in combat operations during the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Colonial_War" title="Portuguese Colonial War">Portuguese Colonial War</a>; the type was used operationally to complement the smaller <a href="/wiki/Alouette_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Alouette III">Alouette III</a> helicopter fleet during the <a href="/wiki/Angolan_War_of_Independence" title="Angolan War of Independence">Angola</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mozambican_War_of_Independence" title="Mozambican War of Independence">Mozambican wars of independence</a>, the type had the advantages of greater autonomy and transport capacity over other operated helicopters.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the 1980s, Portugal engaged in an illicit arrangement with South Africa in order to circumvent a <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> <a href="/wiki/Embargo" class="mw-redirect" title="Embargo">embargo</a> being enforced upon South Africa under which France had refused to provide upgrades and spares for South Africa's own Puma fleet. In the secretive deal, Portugal ordered more powerful engines and new avionics with the public intention of employing them on its own Pumas, however many of the components were diverted via a <a href="/wiki/Zaire" title="Zaire">Zaire</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Front_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Front company">front company</a> to South African defense firm <a href="/wiki/Armscorp" class="mw-redirect" title="Armscorp">Armscorp</a>, where they were used to overhaul, upgrade and rebuild the existing Pumas, ultimately resulting in the <a href="/wiki/Atlas_Oryx" title="Atlas Oryx">Atlas Oryx</a>; the Portuguese Pumas also received significant upgrades which were paid for under the terms of the agreement.<sup id="cite_ref-atomic_puma_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atomic_puma-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2006, the Portuguese Air Force began receiving deliveries of the <a href="/wiki/AgustaWestland_AW101" title="AgustaWestland AW101">AgustaWestland AW101 Merlin</a>, a larger and more capable helicopter, replacing the aging Puma fleet.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Starting in 2007, Portugal has been offering to sell eight of its withdrawn Pumas, they were still on sale by 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="South_Africa">South Africa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: South Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SAAF-Puma-005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/SAAF-Puma-005.jpg/220px-SAAF-Puma-005.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/SAAF-Puma-005.jpg/330px-SAAF-Puma-005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/SAAF-Puma-005.jpg/440px-SAAF-Puma-005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3683" data-file-height="2455" /></a><figcaption>South African Air Force Puma, 2011</figcaption></figure> <p>From 1972 onwards, Pumas operated by the SAAF were deployed on extended operations in <a href="/wiki/South_West_Africa" title="South West Africa">South West Africa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a> during the <a href="/wiki/South_African_Border_War" title="South African Border War">Border War</a>. The Puma was involved in normal trooping; rapid deployment during "follow up" operations; acting as <a href="/wiki/Radio_relay" title="Radio relay">radio relays</a>; <a href="/wiki/Casualty_evacuation" title="Casualty evacuation">evacuation of casualties</a>; rescuing downed aircrew; insertion of <a href="/wiki/Special_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Forces">Special Forces</a>; and large scale cross border operations such as <a href="/wiki/Operation_Savannah_(Angola)" title="Operation Savannah (Angola)">Savannah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Operation_Uric" title="Operation Uric">Uric</a>, <a href="/wiki/Operation_Protea" title="Operation Protea">Protea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Operation_Super" title="Operation Super">Super</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Operation_Modular" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Modular">Modular</a>. The majority of South African Puma acquisitions, including of spare parts, were made in advance of an anticipated <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> <a href="/wiki/Embargo" class="mw-redirect" title="Embargo">embargo</a> that was applied in 1977.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> South Africa subsequently upgraded many of its Pumas, eventually arriving at the derived indigenous <a href="/wiki/Atlas_Oryx" title="Atlas Oryx">Atlas Oryx</a>; external assistance and components were obtained via secretive transactions involving Portugal during the arms embargo era.<sup id="cite_ref-atomic_puma_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atomic_puma-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 1979, South Africa's government acknowledged the presence of its military forces operating in <a href="/wiki/Rhodesia" title="Rhodesia">Rhodesia</a>; Pumas were routinely used in support of the South African Army's ground forces.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 1980, 20 Pumas accompanied a force of 8,000 troops during a South African invasion of Angola in pursuit of nationalist <a href="/wiki/SWAPO" title="SWAPO">SWAPO</a> fighters.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1982, the government confirmed that 15 servicemen had been killed when a South African Puma was downed by SWAPO forces, it was one of the worst losses suffered in a single incident in the conflict.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the 1990s, clandestine efforts to purchase surplus SAAF Pumas were made by then-President <a href="/wiki/Pascal_Lissouba" title="Pascal Lissouba">Pascal Lissouba</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Congo">Republic of Congo</a>, most likely intended for use in the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo_Civil_War_(1997-99)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of the Congo Civil War (1997-99)">Congolese Civil War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the cruise ship <a href="/wiki/MTS_Oceanos" title="MTS Oceanos">MTS <i>Oceanos</i></a> sank off the <a href="/wiki/Wild_Coast_Region,_Eastern_Cape" title="Wild Coast Region, Eastern Cape">Wild Coast</a> of South Africa in 1991, as many as 13 Pumas played crucial roles in the rescue efforts, winching 225 survivors to safety during bad weather conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Royal_Air_Force_Puma_helicopter_over_the_English_countryside.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/A_Royal_Air_Force_Puma_helicopter_over_the_English_countryside.jpg/220px-A_Royal_Air_Force_Puma_helicopter_over_the_English_countryside.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/A_Royal_Air_Force_Puma_helicopter_over_the_English_countryside.jpg/330px-A_Royal_Air_Force_Puma_helicopter_over_the_English_countryside.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/A_Royal_Air_Force_Puma_helicopter_over_the_English_countryside.jpg/440px-A_Royal_Air_Force_Puma_helicopter_over_the_English_countryside.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2225" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">RAF</a> Puma HC1 in flight, 2012</figcaption></figure> <p>The first two Pumas for the Royal Air Force were delivered on 29 January 1971,<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the first operational squadron (<a href="/wiki/No._33_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 33 Squadron RAF">33 Squadron</a>) forming at <a href="/wiki/RAF_Odiham" title="RAF Odiham">RAF Odiham</a> on 14 June 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-Ash_p108_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ash_p108-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The RAF would order a total of 48 Puma HC Mk 1 for transport duties; during the <a href="/wiki/Falklands_War" title="Falklands War">Falklands War</a>, an additional SA 330J formerly operated by <a href="/wiki/Argentine_Naval_Prefecture" title="Argentine Naval Prefecture">Argentine Naval Prefecture</a> was captured by British forces and shipped back to Britain and used as a RAF static training aid for several years. This SA 330J was later refurbished by Westland using parts from damaged RAF Puma XW215 and put into RAF service after a lengthy rebuild as ZE449.<sup id="cite_ref-Variants_p102-3_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Variants_p102-3-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Puma became a common vehicle for British special forces, such as the <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">SAS</a>, and has been described as being "good for covert tasks".<sup id="cite_ref-Ryan_95_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ryan_95-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between the early 1970s and the 1990s, RAF Pumas were normally based at RAF Odiham (<a href="/wiki/No._33_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 33 Squadron RAF">33 Squadron</a> and <a href="/wiki/240_OCU" class="mw-redirect" title="240 OCU">240 OCU</a>), <a href="/wiki/RAF_Gutersloh" class="mw-redirect" title="RAF Gutersloh">RAF Gutersloh</a> (<a href="/wiki/No._230_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 230 Squadron RAF">230 Squadron</a>) and <a href="/wiki/No._1563_Flight_RAF" title="No. 1563 Flight RAF">No. 1563 Flight RAF</a> at <a href="/wiki/RAF_Belize" title="RAF Belize">RAF Belize</a>. During <a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">The Troubles</a>, it was also common for a detachment to be based at <a href="/wiki/RAF_Aldergrove" class="mw-redirect" title="RAF Aldergrove">RAF Aldergrove</a> in Northern Ireland. In 1994, 230 Squadron relocated to RAF Aldergrove to provide a permanent presence to augment the <a href="/wiki/Westland_Wessex" title="Westland Wessex">Westland Wessex</a> of <a href="/wiki/No._72_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 72 Squadron RAF">72 Squadron</a>. In 2009, 230 Squadron relocated to <a href="/wiki/RAF_Benson" title="RAF Benson">RAF Benson</a> together with 33 Squadron from RAF Odiham.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-authority_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-authority-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RAF_Puma_Mk2_Helicopter_MOD_45156639.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/RAF_Puma_Mk2_Helicopter_MOD_45156639.jpg/220px-RAF_Puma_Mk2_Helicopter_MOD_45156639.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/RAF_Puma_Mk2_Helicopter_MOD_45156639.jpg/330px-RAF_Puma_Mk2_Helicopter_MOD_45156639.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/RAF_Puma_Mk2_Helicopter_MOD_45156639.jpg/440px-RAF_Puma_Mk2_Helicopter_MOD_45156639.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>An upgraded RAF Puma HC2, 2014</figcaption></figure> <p>Royal Air Force Pumas have also seen active service in <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>, Iraq, <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Zaire" title="Zaire">Zaire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-sqd_33_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sqd_33-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Britain has frequently dispatched Pumas on disaster relief and humanitarian missions, such as during the <a href="/wiki/2000_Mozambique_flood" title="2000 Mozambique flood">2000 Mozambique flood</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gilbert#Jamaica" title="Hurricane Gilbert">1988 Jamaican flash flood</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and to conduct peacekeeping operations in regions such as <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-sqd_33_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sqd_33-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RAF_Puma_Mk2_Being_Loaded_onto_a_RAF_C-17_of_No._99_Sqn_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/RAF_Puma_Mk2_Being_Loaded_onto_a_RAF_C-17_of_No._99_Sqn_%282%29.jpg/220px-RAF_Puma_Mk2_Being_Loaded_onto_a_RAF_C-17_of_No._99_Sqn_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/RAF_Puma_Mk2_Being_Loaded_onto_a_RAF_C-17_of_No._99_Sqn_%282%29.jpg/330px-RAF_Puma_Mk2_Being_Loaded_onto_a_RAF_C-17_of_No._99_Sqn_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/RAF_Puma_Mk2_Being_Loaded_onto_a_RAF_C-17_of_No._99_Sqn_%282%29.jpg/440px-RAF_Puma_Mk2_Being_Loaded_onto_a_RAF_C-17_of_No._99_Sqn_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4961" data-file-height="3508" /></a><figcaption>RAF Puma Mk2 Being Loaded onto a RAF C-17</figcaption></figure> <p>During the climax of the First Gulf War, a joint force of Pumas from 230 and 33 Squadrons proved decisive in rapidly mobilizing and deploying troops to prevent Iraqi troops from sabotaging the <a href="/wiki/Rumaila_oil_field" title="Rumaila oil field">Rumaila oil field</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ryan_95_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ryan_95-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a>, between 2003 and 2009, RAF Pumas would be used to provide troop mobility across the theatre.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 15 April 2007, two RAF Pumas collided during a <a href="/wiki/Special_forces" title="Special forces">special forces</a> mission close to <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a>, Iraq.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2007, a Puma crashed during an anti-<a href="/wiki/Insurgent" class="mw-redirect" title="Insurgent">insurgent</a> operation in Iraq; an inquest found the cause to be pilot error primarily, however the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)">Ministry of Defence</a> (MoD) was criticised for failing to equip RAF Pumas with night vision goggles and inadequate maintenance checks compromising safety, these shortcomings were addressed following the incident.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RAF_Puma_helicopters_in_formation.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/RAF_Puma_helicopters_in_formation.jpg/220px-RAF_Puma_helicopters_in_formation.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/RAF_Puma_helicopters_in_formation.jpg/330px-RAF_Puma_helicopters_in_formation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/RAF_Puma_helicopters_in_formation.jpg/440px-RAF_Puma_helicopters_in_formation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2023" /></a><figcaption>Pumas in formation for Exercise Wessex Storm, 2020</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2002, six ex-South African SA 330L were purchased by Britain to extend the type's service life.<sup id="cite_ref-fiwaf02_p74_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fiwaf02_p74-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An extensive upgrade programme saw the first Puma HC Mk2 enter service in late 2012 and completion in early 2014,<sup id="cite_ref-puma_hc2_first_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-puma_hc2_first-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> permitting the RAF's Pumas to stay in service until 2025. In 2008, it was planned for 30 Pumas to be upgraded,<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> this was subsequently cut to 22,<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was later revised upwards for a total of 24 HC Mk2 Pumas.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Upgrades include the adoption of two <a href="/wiki/Turbomeca" class="mw-redirect" title="Turbomeca">Turbomeca</a> Makila engines, new gearboxes and tail rotors, new engine controls, digital autopilot, a flight management system, an improved defensive aids suite, and ballistic protection for both crew and passengers. The HC Mk2 Puma can transport double the payload over three times the range of its predecessor, and has been deployed for tactical troop transport, fast contingent combat, and humanitarian missions.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>RAF Pumas will cease flying on 31 March 2025 and withdrawn from service, the replacement rotorcraft being procured under the <a href="/wiki/New_Medium_Helicopter" title="New Medium Helicopter">New Medium Helicopter</a> programme.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Private_military_companies">Private military companies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Private military companies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The American <a href="/wiki/Private_military_company" title="Private military company">private military company</a> <a href="/wiki/EP_Aviation" title="EP Aviation">EP Aviation</a> is known to have operated numerous Pumas in <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Civil">Civil</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Civil"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One of the largest and prominent operators of the type was <a href="/wiki/Bristow_Helicopters" title="Bristow Helicopters">Bristow Helicopters</a>, where the Puma was regularly used for off shore operations over the <a href="/wiki/North_Sea" title="North Sea">North Sea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-McGowen_124_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McGowen_124-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 1970s, Bristow had sought to begin replacing their <a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_S-61" title="Sikorsky S-61">Sikorsky S-61</a> helicopters, and the Puma was selected after a highly competitively-priced bid had been made by Aerospatiale; Puma G-BFSV was the first of the type to enter service with Bristow.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1979 onwards, the Puma formed the mainstay of the Bristow fleet;<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the type took over the duties of Bristow's retiring Westland Wessex helicopters in 1981.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1982, Bristow opted to supplement their then-total fleet of 11 SA 330J Pumas via the introduction the more powerful Super Puma.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The American operator <a href="/wiki/Erickson_Inc." title="Erickson Inc.">Erickson Inc.</a> has operated at least four Pumas; they have been used under contract for <a href="/wiki/Vertical_replenishment" title="Vertical replenishment">Vertical replenishment</a> (VERTREP) to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Fifth_Fleet" title="United States Fifth Fleet">United States Fifth Fleet</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Seventh_Fleet" title="United States Seventh Fleet">United States Seventh Fleet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants">Variants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PoAF_PUMA_Praia_Bay_DF-SD-06-02172.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/PoAF_PUMA_Praia_Bay_DF-SD-06-02172.jpg/220px-PoAF_PUMA_Praia_Bay_DF-SD-06-02172.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="338" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/PoAF_PUMA_Praia_Bay_DF-SD-06-02172.jpg/330px-PoAF_PUMA_Praia_Bay_DF-SD-06-02172.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/PoAF_PUMA_Praia_Bay_DF-SD-06-02172.jpg/440px-PoAF_PUMA_Praia_Bay_DF-SD-06-02172.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1955" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Air_Force" title="Portuguese Air Force">Portuguese Air Force</a> Puma during a <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a> recovery exercise at <a href="/wiki/Lajes_Air_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Lajes Air Base">Lajes Air Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a> in 2004</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:French_army_AS_330B_puma_at_riat_2010_arp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/French_army_AS_330B_puma_at_riat_2010_arp.jpg/220px-French_army_AS_330B_puma_at_riat_2010_arp.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/French_army_AS_330B_puma_at_riat_2010_arp.jpg/330px-French_army_AS_330B_puma_at_riat_2010_arp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/French_army_AS_330B_puma_at_riat_2010_arp.jpg/440px-French_army_AS_330B_puma_at_riat_2010_arp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1057" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/French_Army" title="French Army">French Army</a> Puma at <a href="/wiki/RIAT" class="mw-redirect" title="RIAT">RIAT</a> 2010</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="width: 20%; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lXnZee2kYO8">French Army Puma during an exercise</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gxb_tZ2i5uk">In-cockpit view of a SA 330J flight</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AXKZw5Q0NbQ">Spanish Air Force SA 330 Puma performing at an airshow in 2011</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aérospatiale_versions"><span id="A.C3.A9rospatiale_versions"></span>Aérospatiale versions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Aérospatiale versions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>SA 330A</dt> <dd>Prototypes, originally called "Alouette IV".<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dt>SA 330B</dt> <dd>Initial production version for the <a href="/wiki/French_Army_Light_Aviation" title="French Army Light Aviation">French Army Light Aviation</a>. Powered by 884 kW (1,185 hp) <a href="/wiki/Turbomeca_Turmo" title="Turbomeca Turmo">Turbomeca Turmo</a> IIIC4 engines. 132 purchased by France.<sup id="cite_ref-Variants_p101_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Variants_p101-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dt>SA 330 <i>Orchidée</i></dt> <dd>SA 330 modified to carry an <i>Orchidée</i> battlefield surveillance radar system with a rotating underfuselage antenna, for the French Army. One demonstrator was built, flying in 1986. The <i>Orchidée</i> programme was cancelled in 1990, but the prototype rushed back into service in 1991 to serve in the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a>, leading to production of a similar system based on the <a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_Cougar" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurocopter Cougar">Eurocopter Cougar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Variants_p104_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Variants_p104-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dt>SA 330C</dt> <dd>Initial export production version. Powered by 1,044 kW (1,400 hp) Turbomeca Turmo IVB engines.<sup id="cite_ref-Variants_p102_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Variants_p102-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dt>SA.330E</dt> <dd>Version produced by Westland Helicopters for the RAF under the designation Puma HC Mk. 1.</dd> <dt>SA.330F</dt> <dd>Initial civilian export production version with Turbomeca Turmo IIIC4 turboshaft engines.<sup id="cite_ref-Variants_p103_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Variants_p103-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dt>SA.330G</dt> <dd>Upgraded civilian version with 1175 kW (1,575 hp) Turbomeca Turmo IVC engines.<sup id="cite_ref-Variants_p103_93-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Variants_p103-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dt>SA.330H</dt> <dd>Upgraded French Army and export version with Turbomeca Turmo IVC engines and composite main rotor blades. Designated SA 330Ba by the French Air and Space Force. All surviving French Army SA 330Bs converted to this standard.<sup id="cite_ref-Variants_p103_93-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Variants_p103-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dt>SA.330J</dt> <dd>Upgraded civil transport version with composite rotor blades and with higher maximum takeoff weight.<sup id="cite_ref-Variants_p105_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Variants_p105-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dt>SA.330L</dt> <dd>Upgraded version for "<a href="/wiki/Hot_and_high" title="Hot and high">hot and high</a>" conditions. Military equivalent to civil SA.330J.<sup id="cite_ref-Variants_p105_94-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Variants_p105-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dt>SA.330S</dt> <dd>Upgraded SA 330L (themselves converted from SA 330C) version for the Portuguese Air Force. Powered by <a href="/wiki/Turbomeca_Makila" title="Turbomeca Makila">Turbomeca Makila</a> engines.<sup id="cite_ref-Variants_p105_94-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Variants_p105-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dt>SA.330SM</dt> <dd>Lebanese converted gunship version by mounting on hardened side-swivel mounts a single ADEN Mk 4/5 30mm revolver cannon on a modified pod and a pair of SNEB 68mm rocket launchers on each side.</dd> <dt>SA.330Z</dt> <dd>Prototype with "<a href="/wiki/Fenestron" title="Fenestron">fenestron</a>" tail rotor.<sup id="cite_ref-Variants_p106_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Variants_p106-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dt>SA.331 Puma Makila</dt> <dd>Engine test-bed for the AS.332 Super Puma series, powered by two Turbomeca Makila engines</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Versions_by_other_manufacturers">Versions by other manufacturers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Versions by other manufacturers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Atlas Aircraft Corporation <a href="/wiki/Atlas_Oryx" title="Atlas Oryx">Oryx</a></dt> <dd>Remanufactured and upgraded SA 330 Puma built for the South African Air Force.</dd> <dt>IPTN NAS 330J</dt> <dd>Version that was assembled by IPTN of <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> under the local designation NAS 330J and the Aerospatiale designation of SA 330J. Eleven units were produced.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/IAR_330" title="IAR 330">IAR 330</a></dt> <dd>Licence-built version of the SA 330 Puma manufactured by <a href="/wiki/Industria_Aeronautic%C4%83_Rom%C3%A2n%C4%83" title="Industria Aeronautică Română">Industria Aeronautică Română</a> of Romania. Designated as the SA 330L by Aerospatiale.</dd> <dt>IAR-330 Puma SOCAT</dt> <dd>24 modified for antitank warfare.</dd> <dt>IAR-330 Puma Naval</dt> <dd>3 modified for the Romanian Navy, using the SOCAT avionics.</dd> <dt>Westland Puma HC Mk 1</dt> <dd>SA 330E equivalent assembled by Westland Helicopters for the RAF, first flown on 25 November 1970. Several similarities to the SA 330B employed by the French Armed Forces. The RAF placed an initial order for 40 Pumas in 1967, with a further eight attrition replacement aircraft in 1979.<sup id="cite_ref-Variants_p102-3_65-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Variants_p102-3-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dt>Airbus Helicopters Puma HC.Mk 2</dt> <dd>Modified Puma HC Mk1s,<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> total of 24 upgraded with more powerful Turbomeca Makila 1A1 engines, a <a href="/wiki/Glass_cockpit" title="Glass cockpit">glass cockpit</a> and new avionics, secure communications and improved self-protection equipment.<sup id="cite_ref-puma_hc2_first_76-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-puma_hc2_first-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operators">Operators</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Operators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Puma,_230_Sqn_RAF,_Waddington._-_geograph.org.uk_-_1139418.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Puma%2C_230_Sqn_RAF%2C_Waddington._-_geograph.org.uk_-_1139418.jpg/220px-Puma%2C_230_Sqn_RAF%2C_Waddington._-_geograph.org.uk_-_1139418.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Puma%2C_230_Sqn_RAF%2C_Waddington._-_geograph.org.uk_-_1139418.jpg/330px-Puma%2C_230_Sqn_RAF%2C_Waddington._-_geograph.org.uk_-_1139418.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Puma%2C_230_Sqn_RAF%2C_Waddington._-_geograph.org.uk_-_1139418.jpg/440px-Puma%2C_230_Sqn_RAF%2C_Waddington._-_geograph.org.uk_-_1139418.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Puma in special tiger-themed livery for NATO's Tiger Meet 2005</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_operators">Current operators</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Current operators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Air_Force" title="Brazilian Air Force">Brazilian Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2021-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Army" title="Chilean Army">Chilean Army</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2021-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/31px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Air Force of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Congo Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2021-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="960" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ecuadorian_Army" title="Ecuadorian Army">Ecuadorian Army</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2021-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Air_and_Space_Force" title="French Air and Space Force">French Air and Space Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2021-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cayenne_%E2%80%93_F%C3%A9lix_Ebou%C3%A9_Airport" title="Cayenne – Félix Eboué Airport">Cayenne – Félix Eboué Airport</a>, French Guiana <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Escadron_de_Transport_68_Antilles-Guyane" title="Escadron de Transport 68 Antilles-Guyane">ET 00.068</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti%E2%80%93Ambouli_International_Airport" title="Djibouti–Ambouli International Airport">Djibouti–Ambouli International Airport</a>, Djibouti <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Escadron_de_Transport_88_Larzac" title="Escadron de Transport 88 Larzac">ET 00.088</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Tontouta_International_Airport" title="La Tontouta International Airport">La Tontouta International Airport</a>, New Caledonia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Escadron_de_Transport_52_Tontouta" title="Escadron de Transport 52 Tontouta">ET 00.052</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solenzara_Air_Base" title="Solenzara Air Base">Solenzara Air Base</a>, Haute-Corse, France <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Escadron_d%27H%C3%A9licopt%C3%A8res_1/44_Solenzara" title="Escadron d'Hélicoptères 1/44 Solenzara">EH 01.044</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Army_Light_Aviation" title="French Army Light Aviation">French Army Light Aviation</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2021-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/20px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/31px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Gabon" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Gabon">Military of Gabon</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2021-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on-Mba_International_Airport" title="Léon-Mba International Airport">Léon-Mba International Airport</a>, Libreville <ul><li>Escadrille Aérienne Transport</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_Guinea.svg/45px-Flag_of_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Guinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Guinea">Guinea Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2021-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_Air_Force" title="Kenya Air Force">Kenya Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2021-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moi_Air_Base" title="Moi Air Base">Moi Air Base</a>, Nairobi City County <ul><li>Helicopter Squadron</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait_Air_Force" title="Kuwait Air Force">Kuwait Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2021-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="1920" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Air_Force" title="Lebanese Air Force">Lebanese Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2021-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wujah_Al_Hajar_Air_Base" title="Wujah Al Hajar Air Base">Wujah Al Hajar Air Base</a>, Hamat <ul><li>9 Squadron</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malawi_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Malawi Army">Malawi Army</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2021-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Moroccan_Air_Force" title="Royal Moroccan Air Force">Royal Moroccan Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2021-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rabat%E2%80%93Sal%C3%A9_Airport" title="Rabat–Salé Airport">First Air Base</a>, Rabat-Salé-Kénitra <ul><li>Escadrons de Manoeuvres Tactiques</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Air_Force" title="Pakistan Air Force">Pakistan Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2021-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Army_Aviation_Corps" title="Pakistan Army Aviation Corps">Pakistan Army Aviation Corps</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2021-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Multan_International_Airport" title="Multan International Airport">Multan International Airport</a>, Punjab <ul><li>24th Army Aviation Squadron</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhamial_Airbase" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhamial Airbase">Qasim Airbase</a>, Dhamial <ul><li>13th Army Aviation Squadron</li> <li>28th Army Aviation Squadron</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Air_Force" title="Romanian Air Force">Romanian Air Force</a> (See <a href="/wiki/IAR_330" title="IAR 330">IAR 330</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2021-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RoAF_71st_Air_Base" title="RoAF 71st Air Base">71st Air Base</a>, Cluj County <ul><li>Escadrila 712</li> <li>Escadrila 713</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RoAF_90th_Airlift_Base" title="RoAF 90th Airlift Base">90th Airlift Base</a>, Ilfov County <ul><li>Escadrila 903</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RoAF_95th_Air_Base" title="RoAF 95th Air Base">95th Air Base</a>, Bacău County <ul><li>Escadrila 952</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanian Navy">Romanian Navy</a> (See <a href="/wiki/IAR_330" title="IAR 330">IAR 330</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2021-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Tuzla Aerodrome, Constanța County <ul><li>Grupul 256</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PUMA_SQUADRON_MARKS_100_YEARS_MOD_45159769.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/PUMA_SQUADRON_MARKS_100_YEARS_MOD_45159769.jpg/220px-PUMA_SQUADRON_MARKS_100_YEARS_MOD_45159769.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/PUMA_SQUADRON_MARKS_100_YEARS_MOD_45159769.jpg/330px-PUMA_SQUADRON_MARKS_100_YEARS_MOD_45159769.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/PUMA_SQUADRON_MARKS_100_YEARS_MOD_45159769.jpg/440px-PUMA_SQUADRON_MARKS_100_YEARS_MOD_45159769.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2428" /></a><figcaption>A Puma HC2 of No. 33 Squadron using flares over Afghanistan while deployed in the country as part of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Toral" title="Operation Toral">Operation Toral</a>, 2015.</figcaption></figure> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2021-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Akrotiri" title="RAF Akrotiri">RAF Akrotiri</a>, Cyprus <ul><li><a href="/wiki/No._84_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 84 Squadron RAF">No. 84 Squadron</a> (2023–<i>present</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Benson" title="RAF Benson">RAF Benson</a>, Oxfordshire, England <ul><li><a href="/wiki/No._22_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 22 Squadron RAF">No. 22 Squadron</a> (OEU) (2020–<i>present</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._33_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 33 Squadron RAF">No. 33 Squadron</a> (1971–<i>present</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._230_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 230 Squadron RAF">No. 230 Squadron</a> (1971–<i>2022</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._28_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 28 Squadron RAF">No. 28 Squadron</a> (OCU) (2015–<i>present</i>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Forces_Brunei" title="British Forces Brunei">Medicina Lines</a>, Brunei <ul><li><a href="/wiki/No._1563_Flight_RAF" title="No. 1563 Flight RAF">No. 1563 Flight</a> (1971–1993; 2004–2009; 2022–<i>2023</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (October 2024)">non-primary source needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._230_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 230 Squadron RAF">No. 230 Squadron</a> (2023–<i>2025</i>)</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former_operators">Former operators</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Former operators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_Air_Force" title="Algerian Air Force">Algerian Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_Army_Aviation" title="Argentine Army Aviation">Argentine Army</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_1987_pg._40_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_1987_pg._40-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_Coast_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Argentine Coast Guard">Argentine Coast Guard</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_1987_pg._40_110-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_1987_pg._40-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gendarmerie_(Belgium)" title="Gendarmerie (Belgium)">Gendarmerie</a><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon_Air_Force" title="Cameroon Air Force">Cameroon Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2019_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2019-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Air_Force" title="Ethiopian Air Force">Ethiopian Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Air_Force" title="Indonesian Air Force">Indonesian Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2021-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atang_Senjaya_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Atang Senjaya Airport">Atang Senjaya Air Force Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a> <ul><li>Wing Udara 4 – Skadron Udara 8 (Retired on 30 December 2023)<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/45px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Air_Force" title="Iraqi Air Force">Iraqi Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Air_Corps" title="Irish Air Corps">Irish Air Corps</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_1987_pg._352_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_1987_pg._352-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Air_Force" title="Mexican Air Force">Mexican Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-World’s_Air_Forces_2013_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World’s_Air_Forces_2013-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Air_Force" title="Nigerian Air Force">Nigerian Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/46px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force_of_Oman" title="Royal Air Force of Oman">Royal Air Force of Oman</a><sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2019_112-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2019-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:USS_Benfold_Flight_Operations_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/USS_Benfold_Flight_Operations_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-USS_Benfold_Flight_Operations_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/USS_Benfold_Flight_Operations_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-USS_Benfold_Flight_Operations_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/USS_Benfold_Flight_Operations_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-USS_Benfold_Flight_Operations_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2459" data-file-height="1504" /></a><figcaption>A contracted Puma resupplies the <a href="/wiki/USS_Benfold" title="USS Benfold">USS <i>Benfold</i></a> for the <a href="/wiki/Military_Sealift_Command" title="Military Sealift Command">US Navy Sealift Command</a></figcaption></figure> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Air_Force" title="Philippine Air Force">Philippine Air Force</a> - 2 Units were purchased in 1979 by Central Bank of the Philippines for the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Air_Force" title="Philippine Air Force">Philippine Air Force</a> VIP 700th Special Mission Wing <sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:West_German_Bundesgrenzschutz_SA_330_Puma_Helicopter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/West_German_Bundesgrenzschutz_SA_330_Puma_Helicopter.jpg/220px-West_German_Bundesgrenzschutz_SA_330_Puma_Helicopter.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/West_German_Bundesgrenzschutz_SA_330_Puma_Helicopter.jpg/330px-West_German_Bundesgrenzschutz_SA_330_Puma_Helicopter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/West_German_Bundesgrenzschutz_SA_330_Puma_Helicopter.jpg/440px-West_German_Bundesgrenzschutz_SA_330_Puma_Helicopter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2823" data-file-height="1898" /></a><figcaption>A SA 330 Puma formerly used by West Germany's Bundesgrenzschutz (border police).</figcaption></figure> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Air_Force" title="Portuguese Air Force">Portuguese Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senegalese_Air_Force" title="Senegalese Air Force">Senegalese Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Air_Force" title="South African Air Force">South African Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Air_and_Space_Force" title="Spanish Air and Space Force">Spanish Air and Space Force</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=402_Escuadr%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="402 Escuadrón (page does not exist)">402 Escuadrón</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ala_48&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ala 48 (page does not exist)">Ala 48</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Togo#Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Togo">Togolese Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_Air_Force" title="Tunisian Air Force">Tunisian Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates_Air_Force" title="United Arab Emirates Air Force">United Arab Emirates Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Odiham" title="RAF Odiham">RAF Odiham</a>, Hampshire, England <ul><li><a href="/wiki/No._27_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 27 Squadron RAF">No. 27(R) Squadron</a> (OCU) (1993–1998)<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._240_Operational_Conversion_Unit_RAF" title="No. 240 Operational Conversion Unit RAF">No. 240 Operational Conversion Unit</a> (1971–1993)<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Helicopter_Command_Flying_Station_Aldergrove" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Helicopter Command Flying Station Aldergrove">RAF Aldergrove</a>, County Antrim, Northern Ireland <ul><li><a href="/wiki/No._72_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 72 Squadron RAF">No. 72 Squadron</a> (1997–2002)<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_accidents_and_incidents">Notable accidents and incidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Notable accidents and incidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>29 March 2022 – Eight <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_peacekeeping" title="United Nations peacekeeping">UN peacekeepers</a> (six Pakistanis, a Russian and a Serb), part of the <a href="/wiki/MONUSCO" title="MONUSCO">United Nations Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo</a> were killed in a <a href="/wiki/2022_MONUSCO_helicopter_crash" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 MONUSCO helicopter crash">crash</a> of a Puma helicopter operated by the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Army_Aviation_Corps" title="Pakistan Army Aviation Corps">Pakistan Army Aviation Corps</a> while on a reconnaissance mission in the troubled eastern <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of Congo</a>. Cause of the crash is yet to be ascertained.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specifications_(SA_330H_Puma)"><span id="Specifications_.28SA_330H_Puma.29"></span>Specifications (SA 330H Puma)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Specifications (SA 330H Puma)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma_Drawing.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Orthographically projected diagram of the SA330 Puma Line Drawing"><img alt="Orthographically projected diagram of the SA330 Puma Line Drawing" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma_Drawing.svg/400px-A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma_Drawing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma_Drawing.svg/600px-A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma_Drawing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma_Drawing.svg/800px-A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma_Drawing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="696" data-file-height="423" /></a><figcaption>Orthographically projected diagram of the SA330 Puma Line Drawing</figcaption></figure> <p style="font-size: 90%; margin:0; padding: .2em"><i>Data from</i> Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1976–77<sup id="cite_ref-Janes_76_p41-2_136-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janes_76_p41-2-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><p><big><b>General characteristics</b></big> </p><ul><li><b>Crew:</b> 3</li> <li><b>Capacity:</b> 16 passengers</li> <li><b>Length:</b> 18.15 m (59 ft 6½ in)</li> <li><b>Rotor diameter:</b> 15.00 m (49 ft 2½ in)</li> <li><b>Height:</b> 5.14 m (16 ft 10½ in)</li> <li><b>Disc area:</b> 177.0 m² (1,905 ft²)</li> <li><b>Empty weight:</b> 3,536 kg (7,795 lb)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Maximum_Takeoff_Weight" class="mw-redirect" title="Maximum Takeoff Weight">Max takeoff weight</a>:</b> 7,000 kg (15,430 lb)</li> <li><b>Powerplant:</b> 2× <a href="/wiki/Turbomeca_Turmo" title="Turbomeca Turmo">Turbomeca Turmo IVC</a> <a href="/wiki/Turboshaft" title="Turboshaft">turboshafts</a>, 1,175 kW (1,575 hp) each</li></ul> <p><big> <b>Performance</b> </big> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/V_speeds#Vne" title="V speeds">Never exceed speed</a>:</b> 273 km/h (147 knots, 169 mph)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/V_speeds#Vno" title="V speeds">Maximum speed</a>:</b> 257 km/h (138 knots, 159 mph)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/V_speeds#Vc" title="V speeds">Cruise speed</a>:</b> 248 km/h (134 knots, 154 mph) econ cruise</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Range_(aircraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Range (aircraft)">Range</a>:</b> 580 km (313 nm, 360 mi)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ceiling_(aeronautics)" title="Ceiling (aeronautics)">Service ceiling</a>:</b> 4,800 m (15,750 ft)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rate_of_climb" title="Rate of climb">Rate of climb</a>:</b> 7.1 m/s (1,400 ft/min)</li></ul> <p><big><b>Armament</b></big><br /> </p> <ul><li><b>Guns:</b> <ul><li>Coaxial 7.62 mm (0.30 in) <a href="/wiki/Machine_gun" title="Machine gun">machine guns</a></li> <li>Side-firing <a href="/wiki/20_mm_caliber" title="20 mm caliber">20 mm</a> (0.787 in) <a href="/wiki/Autocannon" title="Autocannon">cannon</a></li> <li>Various others</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_appearances_in_media">Notable appearances in media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Notable appearances in media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_in_fiction#Aérospatiale_Puma" title="Aircraft in fiction">Aérospatiale Puma in fiction</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Aviacionavion.png/28px-Aviacionavion.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Aviacionavion.png/42px-Aviacionavion.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Aviacionavion.png/56px-Aviacionavion.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Aviation" title="Portal:Aviation">Aviation portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/32px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/48px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/64px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:France" title="Portal:France">France portal</a></span></li></ul> <p> <b>Related development</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_Oryx" title="Atlas Oryx">Atlas Oryx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denel_Rooivalk" title="Denel Rooivalk">Denel Rooivalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS332_Super_Puma" title="Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma">Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS532_Cougar" title="Eurocopter AS532 Cougar">Eurocopter AS532 Cougar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_EC225_Super_Puma" title="Eurocopter EC225 Super Puma">Eurocopter EC225 Super Puma Mk II+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_EC725" title="Eurocopter EC725">Eurocopter EC725 Super Cougar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IAR_330" title="IAR 330">IAR 330</a></li></ul> <p><b>Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-8" title="Mil Mi-8">Mil Mi-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHIndustries_NH90" title="NHIndustries NH90">NH 90</a></li></ul> <p> <b>Related lists</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rotorcraft" title="List of rotorcraft">List of rotorcraft</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-McGowen_123-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-McGowen_123_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McGowen 2005, p. 123.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Janes_76_p41-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Janes_76_p41_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Taylor 1976, p. 41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Variants_p97-8-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Variants_p97-8_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lake 2001, pp. 97–98.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James 1991, pp. 485–486.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frawley 1997, p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Green 1978, p. 70.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Leishman 2006, p. 43.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lambert, Mark. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1978/1978%20-%201123.html">"Aerospatiale chases civil helicopter sales."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130516134132/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1978/1978%20-%201123.html">Archived</a> 2013-05-16 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Flight International</i>, 8 July 1978. p. 76.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McGowen_124-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McGowen_124_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McGowen_124_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McGowen_124_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">McGowen 2005, p. 124.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWaldron2011" class="citation web cs1">Waldron, Greg (8 July 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flightglobal.com/eurocopter-renews-indonesia-partnership/101014.article">"Eurocopter renews Indonesia partnership"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/FlightGlobal" title="FlightGlobal">FlightGlobal</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FlightGlobal&rft.atitle=Eurocopter+renews+Indonesia+partnership&rft.date=2011-07-08&rft.aulast=Waldron&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Feurocopter-renews-indonesia-partnership%2F101014.article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurocopter.com/site/en/ref/1965:-SA330_463-132.html">"1965: SA330 Puma."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130305074146/http://www.eurocopter.com/site/en/ref/1965%3A-SA330_463-132.html">Archived</a> March 5, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Eurocopter</i>. Retrieved 7 April 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McGowen_154-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McGowen_154_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McGowen_154_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">McGowen 2005, p. 154.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Variants_p100-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Variants_p100_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lake 2001, p. 100.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Janes_88_p57-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Janes_88_p57_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Taylor 1988, p. 57.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-neal_814_815-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-neal_814_815_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-neal_814_815_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Neal 1970, pp. 814–815.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Neal 1970, pp. 814–817.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Neal 1970, p. 817.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Neal 1970, p. 814.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Neal 1970, p. 815.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-raf_puma_profile-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-raf_puma_profile_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-raf_puma_profile_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.raf.mod.uk/equipment/puma.cfm">"Puma HC1."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130501002352/http://www.raf.mod.uk/equipment/puma.cfm">Archived</a> 2013-05-01 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Royal Air Force</i>. Retrieved 10 April 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lert, Frédéric. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.janes.com/article/46451/france-trials-new-digital-helicopter-information-systems">"France trials new digital helicopter information systems."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150120002137/http://www.janes.com/article/46451/france-trials-new-digital-helicopter-information-systems">Archived</a> 2015-01-20 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>IHS Jane's Defence Weekly</i>, 30 November 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Birns, Hilka. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/thunder-city-launches-puma-conversion-programme-317434/">"Thunder City launches Puma conversion programme."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130516162253/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/thunder-city-launches-puma-conversion-programme-317434/">Archived</a> 2013-05-16 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Flight International</i>, 15 October 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith 2006, pp. 23–24, 38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith 2006, pp. 16–17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith 2006, p. 122.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith 2006, pp. 82, 123.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith 2006, p. 124.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.mercopress.com/2002/04/12/argentine-puma-shot-down-by-american-stinger-missile#prof">"Argentine Puma shot down by american "Stinger" missile"</a>. <i>MercoPress</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120328101020/http://en.mercopress.com/2002/04/12/argentine-puma-shot-down-by-american-stinger-missile#prof">Archived</a> from the original on 2012-03-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-11-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MercoPress&rft.atitle=Argentine+Puma+shot+down+by+american+%22Stinger%22+missile.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.mercopress.com%2F2002%2F04%2F12%2Fargentine-puma-shot-down-by-american-stinger-missile%23prof&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Titley 1997, p. 136.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Titley 1997, p. 71.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ripley 2010, p. 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rip and Hasik 2002, p. 155.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ripley 2010, pp. 56, 60, 81–82.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ryan33-35-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ryan33-35_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRyan2005" class="citation book cs1">Ryan, Mike (2005). <i>The operators</i> (1. publ. ed.). 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Eurocopter. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurocopter.com/site/en/press/Eurocoptera-s-first-NH90-TTH-tactical-transport-helicopter-for-France-performs-its-maiden-flight_742.html?iframe=true&width=700">the original</a> on 2013-07-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eurocopter%27s+first+NH90+TTH+tactical+transport+helicopter+for+France+performs+its+maiden+flight&rft.pub=Eurocopter&rft.date=2010-12-17&rft.aulast=Fleury&rft.aufirst=Pascale&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurocopter.com%2Fsite%2Fen%2Fpress%2FEurocoptera-s-first-NH90-TTH-tactical-transport-helicopter-for-France-performs-its-maiden-flight_742.html%3Fiframe%3Dtrue%26width%3D700&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kraak <i>Air International</i> December 2016, pp. 88–95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Ballance, <i>Civil War in Lebanon</i> (1998), p. 148.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ihsan Hijazi: "Lebanese premier is assassinated in copter blast", <i>The New York Times</i>, 2 June 1987</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1842&dat=19870602&id=Vk8gAAAAIBAJ&sjid=8cgEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4744,220083">"Prime Minister Karami killed"</a>. <i>Times Daily</i>. 2 June 1987<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Helicopter+Bomb+Blast+Kills+Lebanese+Premier&rft.date=1987-06-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1987-06-01-mn-5355-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1983/1983%20-%201423.html">"World Air Forces 1983"</a>. <i>FlightGlobal</i>. p. 359. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130521152445/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1983/1983%20-%201423.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.inss.org.il/uploadimages/SystemFiles/lebanon.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 28 July 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=inss.org.il&rft.atitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.inss.org.il%2Fuploadimages%2FSystemFiles%2Flebanon.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://milinme.wordpress.com/category/saiar-330-puma/">"SA/IAR 330 Puma – Military In the Middle East"</a>. <i>milinme.wordpress.com</i>. 23 November 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160516172540/https://milinme.wordpress.com/category/saiar-330-puma/">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-05-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=milinme.wordpress.com&rft.atitle=SA%2FIAR+330+Puma+%E2%80%93+Military+In+the+Middle+East&rft.date=2013-11-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmilinme.wordpress.com%2Fcategory%2Fsaiar-330-puma%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150513200433/http://www.lebarmy.gov.lb/ar/news/?43684#.VS4beJNRJ51">"الموقع الرسمي للجيش اللبناني"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lebarmy.gov.lb/ar/news/?43684">the original</a> on 2015-05-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Independent+Online&rft.atitle=Sarkozy+starts+Morocco+trip+with+rail+deal&rft.date=2007-10-23&rft.aulast=Jarry&rft.aufirst=Emmanuel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iol.co.za%2Fnews%2Fafrica%2Fsarkozy-starts-morocco-trip-with-rail-deal-1.376006&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bosgra and Krimpen 1972, pp. 27–32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-atomic_puma-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-atomic_puma_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-atomic_puma_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Vegar, Jose. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rtp.pt/index.php?article=221058&visual=16">the original</a> on 4 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Velhos%22+PUMA+despedem-se+sexta-feira+com+chegada+de+oito+EH-101&rft.pub=RTP&rft.date=2006-02-03&rft.au=Ag%C3%AAncia+LUSA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rtp.pt%2Findex.php%3Farticle%3D221058%26visual%3D16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181003015609/https://sicnoticias.sapo.pt/economia/2015-05-20-Governo-volta-a-tentar-vender-8-helicopteros-da-Guerra-Colonial">"Governo volta a tentar vender 8 helicópteros da Guerra Colonial"</a>. SIC. 20 May 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sicnoticias.sapo.pt/economia/2015-05-20-Governo-volta-a-tentar-vender-8-helicopteros-da-Guerra-Colonial">the original</a> on 3 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Governo+volta+a+tentar+vender+8+helic%C3%B3pteros+da+Guerra+Colonial&rft.pub=SIC&rft.date=2015-05-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsicnoticias.sapo.pt%2Feconomia%2F2015-05-20-Governo-volta-a-tentar-vender-8-helicopteros-da-Guerra-Colonial&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ywpPAAAAIBAJ&sjid=XwIEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5633,1829810">"South Africa Ready to Handle Global Squeeze."</a> <i>Toledo Blade</i>, 1 November 1977</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mg.co.za/article/1998-03-13-pik-to-testify-in-oryx-smuggling-dispute">"Pik to testify in Oryx-smuggling dispute"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Mail_%26_Guardian" title="Mail & Guardian">Mail & Guardian</a></i>. 13 March 1998. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150707160040/http://mg.co.za/article/1998-03-13-pik-to-testify-in-oryx-smuggling-dispute">Archived</a> from the original on 7 July 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mail+%26+Guardian&rft.atitle=Pik+to+testify+in+Oryx-smuggling+dispute&rft.date=1998-03-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mg.co.za%2Farticle%2F1998-03-13-pik-to-testify-in-oryx-smuggling-dispute&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=u2UaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7ioEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6898,219070">"Forces in Zimbabwe, South Africa Admits"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Journal_Sentinel#Milwaukee_Journal" title="Milwaukee Journal Sentinel">Milwaukee Journal</a></i>. 2 December 1979. p. 20.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Milwaukee+Journal&rft.atitle=Forces+in+Zimbabwe%2C+South+Africa+Admits&rft.pages=20&rft.date=1979-12-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3Du2UaAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3D7ioEAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6898%2C219070&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged August 2016">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=z2pQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=dVoDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4421,2490919">"Report: South African Forces take up Position in Angola"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Tampa_Bay_Times" title="Tampa Bay Times">St Petersburg Times</a></i>. 27 June 1980. p. 15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=St+Petersburg+Times&rft.atitle=Report%3A+South+African+Forces+take+up+Position+in+Angola&rft.pages=15&rft.date=1980-06-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3Dz2pQAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DdVoDAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D4421%2C2490919&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlexander1982" class="citation news cs1">Alexander, Douglas (12 August 1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ZitVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=hpQDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6190,4501759">"15 South Africans killed in Angola Push"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Age" title="The Age">The Age</a></i>. p. 9.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Age&rft.atitle=15+South+Africans+killed+in+Angola+Push&rft.pages=9&rft.date=1982-08-12&rft.aulast=Alexander&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DZitVAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DhpQDAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6190%2C4501759&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mg.co.za/article/2013-04-05-00-offshore-records-solve-mystery-of-civil-war-chopper-deal">"Offshore records solve mystery of civil war chopper deal"</a>. <i>Mail & Guardian</i>. 5 April 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130407025753/http://mg.co.za/article/2013-04-05-00-offshore-records-solve-mystery-of-civil-war-chopper-deal">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mail+%26+Guardian&rft.atitle=Offshore+records+solve+mystery+of+civil+war+chopper+deal&rft.date=2010-04-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmg.co.za%2Farticle%2F2013-04-05-00-offshore-records-solve-mystery-of-civil-war-chopper-deal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWren1991" class="citation news cs1">Wren, Christopher S (5 August 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/05/world/over-500-are-rescued-as-greek-cruise-ship-sinks-off-south-african-coast.html">"Over 500 Are Rescued as Greek Cruise Ship Sinks Off South African Coast"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170318061753/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/05/world/over-500-are-rescued-as-greek-cruise-ship-sinks-off-south-african-coast.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 March 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Two+British+soldiers+killed+in+Iraq+as+helicopters+collide&rft.date=2007-04-16&rft.aulast=Judd&rft.aufirst=Terri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fmiddle-east%2Ftwo-british-soldiers-killed-in-iraq-as-helicopters-collide-444917.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Savill, Richard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/defence/6771357/Fuel-safety-valves-on-fatal-Puma-crash-helicopter-had-not-been-checked-for-30-years.html">"Fuel safety valves on fatal Puma crash helicopter `had not been checked for 30 years’."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180117031130/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/defence/6771357/Fuel-safety-valves-on-fatal-Puma-crash-helicopter-had-not-been-checked-for-30-years.html">Archived</a> 2018-01-17 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>The Telegraph</i>, 9 December 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fiwaf02_p74-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fiwaf02_p74_74-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Penney <i>Flight International</i> 26 November – 2 December 2002, p. 74.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hansard.parliament.uk/%E2%80%8CCommons/2002-10-29/debates/8519ba45-92c9-4901-aaa4-0d5acb358c73/Puma(Tenders)">"Puma (Tenders): Volume 391"</a>. 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Retrieved 5 January 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2008/09/05/315639/raf-gets-funds-for-more-reaper-uavs-puma-upgrade.html">"RAF gets funds for more Reaper UAVs, Puma upgrade."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080922163217/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2008/09/05/315639/raf-gets-funds-for-more-reaper-uavs-puma-upgrade.html">Archived</a> 2008-09-22 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Flightglobal</i>, 5 September 2008. Retrieved 23 December 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/farnborough-upgraded-puma-hc2-to-enter-final-flight-test-phase-374129/">"Upgraded Puma HC2 to enter final flight test phase."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120920194719/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/farnborough-upgraded-puma-hc2-to-enter-final-flight-test-phase-374129/">Archived</a> 2012-09-20 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Flightglobal</i>, 11 July 2012. Retrieved 29 August 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/182048/Desider59_april2013.pdf">"Last Puma heads for life extension"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)">Ministry of Defence</a> – Defence equipment and support<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Ministry of Defence. 26 March 2021. p. 99. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210323182136/https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/971983/Defence_and_Security_Industrial_Strategy_-_FINAL.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2021-03-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gov.uk&rft.atitle=Defence+and+Security+Industrial+Strategy%3A+A+strategic+approach+to+the+UK%27s+defence+and+security+industrial+sectors+%28CP+410%29&rft.pages=99&rft.date=2021-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.publishing.service.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fuploads%2Fsystem%2Fuploads%2Fattachment_data%2Ffile%2F971983%2FDefence_and_Security_Industrial_Strategy_-_FINAL.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scramble.nl/community/messageboard/52/48030">"DITCH EP AVIATION SA.330J PUMA N605R"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DITCH+EP+AVIATION+SA.330J+PUMA+N605R&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scramble.nl%2Fcommunity%2Fmessageboard%2F52%2F48030&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Healey 2003, p. 233.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Healey 2003, pp. 127, 139.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Healey 2003, p. 127.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Air Crash Firm Scraps 'Risky' Helicopter Fleet". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Herald_(Glasgow)" title="The Herald (Glasgow)">The Herald</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Newsquest" title="Newsquest">Newsquest</a>. 10 November 1981. p. 1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Herald&rft.atitle=Air+Crash+Firm+Scraps+%27Risky%27+Helicopter+Fleet&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1981-11-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Healey 2003, p. 139.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.shephardmedia.com/news/defence-helicopter/erickson-us-navy-msc-support-extended/">"Erickson US Navy MSC support extended"</a>. <i>shephardmedia.com</i>. 16 October 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=shephardmedia.com&rft.atitle=Erickson+US+Navy+MSC+support+extended&rft.date=2014-10-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.shephardmedia.com%2Fnews%2Fdefence-helicopter%2Ferickson-us-navy-msc-support-extended%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColongesDe_Silva2019" class="citation book cs1">Colonges, Monique; De Silva, Christian (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210605080734/https://www.airbus.com/content/dam/corporate-topics/publications/en-Book-80-years.pdf"><i>1939–2019 Marignane – 80 Years of Pioneering</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Puma+HC2&rft.pub=Royal+Air+Force&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.raf.mod.uk%2Faircraft%2Fpuma-hc2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2021-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2021_97-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flightglobal.com/reports/world-air-forces-2021/141456.article">"World Air Forces 2021"</a>. <i>FlightGlobal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210110064115/https://www.flightglobal.com/reports/world-air-forces-2021/141456.article">Archived</a> from the original on 10 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FlightGlobal&rft.atitle=World+Air+Forces+2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Freports%2Fworld-air-forces-2021%2F141456.article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scramble.nl/planning/orbats/france/arm%C3%A9e-de-l'air">"Armée de l'air"</a>. <i>scramble.nl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=scramble.nl&rft.atitle=Arm%C3%A9e+de+l%27air&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scramble.nl%2Fplanning%2Forbats%2Ffrance%2Farm%25C3%25A9e-de-l%27air&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scramble.nl/planning/orbats/gabon/gabon-army-gendarmerie">"Gabon Army & Gendarmerie"</a>. <i>scramble.nl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=scramble.nl&rft.atitle=Gabon+Army+%26+Gendarmerie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scramble.nl%2Fplanning%2Forbats%2Fgabon%2Fgabon-army-gendarmerie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scramble.nl/planning/orbats/kenya/kenya-air-force">"Kenya Air Force"</a>. <i>scramble.nl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=scramble.nl&rft.atitle=Kenya+Air+Force&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scramble.nl%2Fplanning%2Forbats%2Fkenya%2Fkenya-air-force&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scramble.nl/planning/orbats/lebanon/lebanese-air-force">"Lebanese Air Force"</a>. <i>scramble.nl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=scramble.nl&rft.atitle=Lebanese+Air+Force&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scramble.nl%2Fplanning%2Forbats%2Flebanon%2Flebanese-air-force&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scramble.nl/planning/orbats/morocco/royal-moroccan-air-force">"Royal Moroccan Air Force"</a>. <i>scramble.nl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=scramble.nl&rft.atitle=Royal+Moroccan+Air+Force&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scramble.nl%2Fplanning%2Forbats%2Fmorocco%2Froyal-moroccan-air-force&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scramble.nl/planning/orbats/pakistan/pakistan-army">"Pakistan Army"</a>. <i>scramble.nl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=scramble.nl&rft.atitle=Pakistan+Army&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scramble.nl%2Fplanning%2Forbats%2Fpakistan%2Fpakistan-army&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scramble.nl/planning/orbats/romania/romania-air-force">"Romania Air Force"</a>. <i>scramble.nl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=scramble.nl&rft.atitle=Romania+Air+Force&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scramble.nl%2Fplanning%2Forbats%2Fromania%2Fromania-air-force&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scramble.nl/planning/orbats/romania/romania-navy">"Romania Navy"</a>. <i>scramble.nl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=scramble.nl&rft.atitle=Romania+Navy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scramble.nl%2Fplanning%2Forbats%2Fromania%2Fromania-navy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCacoyannis2023" class="citation web cs1">Cacoyannis, Xenia Zubova Sofie (4 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forces.net/services/raf/start-new-era-raf-akrotiri-pumas-replace-griffin-helicopters-cyprus">"Start of a new era at RAF Akrotiri as Pumas replace Griffin helicopters in Cyprus"</a>. <i>forces.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=forces.net&rft.atitle=Start+of+a+new+era+at+RAF+Akrotiri+as+Pumas+replace+Griffin+helicopters+in+Cyprus&rft.date=2023-04-04&rft.aulast=Cacoyannis&rft.aufirst=Xenia+Zubova+Sofie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forces.net%2Fservices%2Fraf%2Fstart-new-era-raf-akrotiri-pumas-replace-griffin-helicopters-cyprus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.raf.mod.uk/news/articles/22-squadron-re-forms-at-raf-benson/">"22 Squadron Re-Forms At RAF Benson"</a>. <i>Royal Air Force</i>. 14 May 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Royal+Air+Force&rft.atitle=22+Squadron+Re-Forms+At+RAF+Benson&rft.date=2020-05-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.raf.mod.uk%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F22-squadron-re-forms-at-raf-benson%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.facebook.com/RAFBenson/posts/pfbid02fNJBkAZw14YsBjjB4wEp78kuSpLrbMD92tJw1CDRiBActcrnAY28evPrwHPzF8iQ">"Despite the best efforts of the weather 1563 Flt has recently achieved Initial Operating Capability in Brunei with a further 2 Puma aircraft undertaking air testing prior to being available for tasking and training"</a>. <i>RAF Benson (Facebook)</i>. 12 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RAF+Benson+%28Facebook%29&rft.atitle=Despite+the+best+efforts+of+the+weather+1563+Flt+has+recently+achieved+Initial+Operating+Capability+in+Brunei+with+a+further+2+Puma+aircraft+undertaking+air+testing+prior+to+being+available+for+tasking+and+training.&rft.date=2022-10-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2FRAFBenson%2Fposts%2Fpfbid02fNJBkAZw14YsBjjB4wEp78kuSpLrbMD92tJw1CDRiBActcrnAY28evPrwHPzF8iQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202488.html">"World's Air Forces 1987"</a>, <i>Flight International</i>, p. 38, 28 November 1987, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130516141656/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202488.html">archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2013</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Flight+International&rft.atitle=World%27s+Air+Forces+1987&rft.pages=38&rft.date=1987-11-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fpdfarchive%2Fview%2F1987%2F1987%2520-%25202488.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-World_Air_Forces_1987_pg._40-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_1987_pg._40_110-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_1987_pg._40_110-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202490.html">"World Air Forces 1987 pg. 40"</a>. Flightglobal Insight. 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180101030327/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202490.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Air+Forces+1987+pg.+40&rft.pub=Flightglobal+Insight&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fpdfarchive%2Fview%2F1987%2F1987%2520-%25202490.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202492.html">"World Air Forces 1987 pg. 42"</a>. <i>FlightGlobal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190121175131/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202492.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 January 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FlightGlobal&rft.atitle=World+Air+Forces+1987+pg.+42&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fpdfarchive%2Fview%2F1987%2F1987%2520-%25202492.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2019-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2019_112-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2019_112-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-2019-world-air-forces-directory-454126/">"World Air Forces 2019"</a>. Flightglobal Insight. 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190123181847/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-2019-world-air-forces-directory-454126/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 January 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Air+Forces+2019&rft.pub=Flightglobal+Insight&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fanalysis-2019-world-air-forces-directory-454126%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202502.html">"World's Air Forces 1987"</a>. <i>Flight International</i>. 28 November 1987. p. 52. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150706184652/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202502.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 July 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Flight+International&rft.atitle=World%27s+Air+Forces+1987&rft.pages=52&rft.date=1987-11-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fpdfarchive%2Fview%2F1987%2F1987%2520-%25202502.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scramble.nl/planning/orbats/indonesia/indonesia-air-force">"Indonesia Air Force"</a>. <i>scramble.nl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=scramble.nl&rft.atitle=Indonesia+Air+Force&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scramble.nl%2Fplanning%2Forbats%2Findonesia%2Findonesia-air-force&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAngkatan_Udara2023" class="citation web cs1">Angkatan Udara, TNI (30 December 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/_TNIAU/status/1741111841542250598">"Road To Museum Dirgantara: SA-330 Puma Laksanakan Misi Terbang Terakhir Bogor-Yogjakarta"</a>. <i>X (formerly Twitter)</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=X+%28formerly+Twitter%29&rft.atitle=Road+To+Museum+Dirgantara%3A+SA-330+Puma+Laksanakan+Misi+Terbang+Terakhir+Bogor-Yogjakarta&rft.date=2023-12-30&rft.aulast=Angkatan+Udara&rft.aufirst=TNI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2F_TNIAU%2Fstatus%2F1741111841542250598&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWirayudha2023" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wirayudha, Randy (29 December 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://historia.id/sains/articles/purnatugas-heli-puma-DbV8q">"Purnatugas Heli Puma"</a>. <i>historia.id</i> (in Indonesian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 December</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=historia.id&rft.atitle=Purnatugas+Heli+Puma&rft.date=2023-12-29&rft.aulast=Wirayudha&rft.aufirst=Randy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistoria.id%2Fsains%2Farticles%2Fpurnatugas-heli-puma-DbV8q&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202515.html">"World's Air Forces 1987"</a>. <i>Flight International</i>. 28 November 1987. p. 65. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130516145026/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202515.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Flight+International&rft.atitle=World%27s+Air+Forces+1987&rft.pages=65&rft.date=1987-11-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fpdfarchive%2Fview%2F1987%2F1987%2520-%25202515.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-World_Air_Forces_1987_pg._352-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_1987_pg._352_118-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1983/1983%20-%201418.html">"World Air Forces 1983 pg. 352"</a>. Flightglobal Insight. 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180109064217/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1983/1983%20-%201418.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Air+Forces+1983+pg.+352&rft.pub=Flightglobal+Insight&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fpdfarchive%2Fview%2F1983%2F1983%2520-%25201418.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-World’s_Air_Forces_2013-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-World’s_Air_Forces_2013_119-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/airspace/media/reports_pdf/emptys/101015/world-air-forces-2013.pdf">"World Air Forces 2013"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Flightglobal Insight. 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121216005935/http://www.flightglobal.com/airspace/media/reports_pdf/emptys/101015/world-air-forces-2013.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 16 December 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Air+Forces+2013&rft.pub=Flightglobal+Insight&rft.date=2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fairspace%2Fmedia%2Freports_pdf%2Femptys%2F101015%2Fworld-air-forces-2013.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202524.html">"World Air Forces"</a>. <i>Flight International</i>. 1987. p. 74. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150109085859/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202524.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-01-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-03-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Flight+International&rft.atitle=World+Air+Forces&rft.pages=74&rft.date=1987&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fpdfarchive%2Fview%2F1987%2F1987%2520-%25202524.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/philippines/250-paw.htm">https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/philippines/250-paw.htm</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2004/2004-09%20-%202373.html">"Directory World Air Forces 2004"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Flight_International" title="Flight International">Flight International</a></i>. 16–22 November 2004. p. 80. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0015-3710">0015-3710</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130511040540/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2004/2004-09%20-%202373.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Flight+International&rft.atitle=Directory+World+Air+Forces+2004&rft.pages=80&rft.date=2004-11-16%2F2004-11-22&rft.issn=0015-3710&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fpdfarchive%2Fview%2F2004%2F2004-09%2520-%25202373.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202530.html">"World Air Forces 1987 pg. 80"</a>. <i>FlightGlobal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190430092633/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202530.html">Archived</a> from the original on 30 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FlightGlobal&rft.atitle=World+Air+Forces+1987+pg.+80&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fpdfarchive%2Fview%2F1987%2F1987%2520-%25202530.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202531.html">"World Air Forces 1987 pg. 81"</a>. <i>FlightGlobal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180616204432/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202531.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FlightGlobal&rft.atitle=World+Air+Forces+1987+pg.+81&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fpdfarchive%2Fview%2F1987%2F1987%2520-%25202531.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202534.html">"World Air Forces 1987 pg. 84"</a>. <i>FlightGlobal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130516125522/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202534.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FlightGlobal&rft.atitle=World+Air+Forces+1987+pg.+84&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fpdfarchive%2Fview%2F1987%2F1987%2520-%25202534.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1990/1990%20-%203668.html">"World's Air Forces."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121024205057/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1990/1990%20-%203668.html">Archived</a> 2012-10-24 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Flight_International" title="Flight International">Flight International</a></i>, 5–11 December 1990, p. 76</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202545.html">"World Air Forces 1987 pg. 95"</a>. <i>FlightGlobal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170904205930/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202545.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FlightGlobal&rft.atitle=World+Air+Forces+1987+pg.+95&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fpdfarchive%2Fview%2F1987%2F1987%2520-%25202545.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarry_Wheeler1975" class="citation cs2">Barry Wheeler (28 August 1975), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1975/1975%20-%201647.html">"World Air Forces 1975"</a>, <i>Flight International</i>, p. 291, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130516162304/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1975/1975%20-%201647.html">archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2013</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Flight+International&rft.atitle=World+Air+Forces+1975&rft.pages=291&rft.date=1975-08-28&rft.au=Barry+Wheeler&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fpdfarchive%2Fview%2F1975%2F1975%2520-%25201647.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalcoldwarexhibition.org/research/squadrons/27/">"No.27 Squadron"</a>. <i>Royal Air Force Museum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Air+of+Authority+%E2%80%93+A+History+of+RAF+Organisation&rft.atitle=240+Operational+Conversion+Unit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rafweb.org%2FOrgansation%2FOCUs2.htm%23240&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalcoldwarexhibition.org/research/squadrons/72/">"No.72 Squadron"</a>. <i>Royal Air Force Museum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Royal+Air+Force+Museum&rft.atitle=No.72+Squadron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalcoldwarexhibition.org%2Fresearch%2Fsquadrons%2F72%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/3/30/dr-congo-8-un-peacekeepers-killed-in-helicopter-crash">"Eight killed as UN helicopter crashes in eastern DRC"</a>. Al Jazeera<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eight+killed+as+UN+helicopter+crashes+in+eastern+DRC&rft.pub=Al+Jazeera&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2022%2F3%2F30%2Fdr-congo-8-un-peacekeepers-killed-in-helicopter-crash&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tribune.com.pk/story/2350160/six-pakistani-officers-soldiers-among-un-peacekeepers-martyred-in-copter-crash">"Six Pakistan Army officers, soldiers martyred in UN copter crash"</a>. <i>The Express Tribune</i>. 2022-03-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Express+Tribune&rft.atitle=Six+Pakistan+Army+officers%2C+soldiers+martyred+in+UN+copter+crash&rft.date=2022-03-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftribune.com.pk%2Fstory%2F2350160%2Fsix-pakistani-officers-soldiers-among-un-peacekeepers-martyred-in-copter-crash&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSiddiqui2022" class="citation web cs1">Siddiqui, Naveed (2022-03-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dawn.com/news/1682422">"Six Pakistani officers, soldiers martyred in helicopter crash in Congo: ISPR"</a>. <i>Dawn</i>. Pakistan<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dawn&rft.atitle=Six+Pakistani+officers%2C+soldiers+martyred+in+helicopter+crash+in+Congo%3A+ISPR&rft.date=2022-03-29&rft.aulast=Siddiqui&rft.aufirst=Naveed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1682422&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/mar/29/eight-un-peacekeepers-killed-in-helicopter-crash-in-drc">"Eight UN peacekeepers killed in helicopter crash in DRC"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. Agence France-Presse. 2022-03-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Eight+UN+peacekeepers+killed+in+helicopter+crash+in+DRC&rft.date=2022-03-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2022%2Fmar%2F29%2Feight-un-peacekeepers-killed-in-helicopter-crash-in-drc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA%C3%A9rospatiale+SA+330+Puma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Janes_76_p41-2-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Janes_76_p41-2_136-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Taylor 1976, pp. 41–42.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Andrade, John. <i>Militair 1982</i>. London: Aviation Press Limited, 1982. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0%2B907898%2B01%2B7" title="Special:BookSources/0+907898+01+7">0 907898 01 7</a>.</li> <li>Ashworth, Chris. <i>Encyclopedia of Modern Royal Air Force Squadrons</i>. Wellingborough, UK: Patrick Stephens Limited, 1989. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85260-013-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-85260-013-6">1-85260-013-6</a>.</li> <li>Dean, David J. <i>The Air Force role in low-intensity conflict</i>. Air University Press, 1986. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-42892-827-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-42892-827-8">1-42892-827-8</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_O%27Ballance" title="Edgar O'Ballance">Edgar O'Ballance</a>, <i>Civil War in Lebanon, 1975–92</i>, Palgrave Macmillan, London 1998. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-333-72975-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-333-72975-7">0-333-72975-7</a></li> <li>Frawley, Gerard. <i>The International Directory of Civil Aircraft</i>. Aerospace Publications Pty Ltd, 1997 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-875671-26-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-875671-26-9">1-875671-26-9</a></li> <li>Green, William. <i>The illustrated encyclopedia of the world's commercial aircraft</i>. Crescent Books, 1978. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-51726-287-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-51726-287-8">0-51726-287-8</a>.</li> <li>Healey, Andrew. <i>Leading from the front: Bristow Helicopters, the first 50 years</i>. Tempus, 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-75242-697-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-75242-697-4">0-75242-697-4</a>.</li> <li>Jackson, Paul A. <i>French Military Aviation</i>. Earl Shilton, Leicestershire, England :Midland County Publications, 1979. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0%2B904597%2B18%2B0" title="Special:BookSources/0+904597+18+0">0 904597 18 0</a></li> <li>James, Derek N. <i>Westland Aircraft since 1915</i>. London: Putnam, 1991. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85177-847-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-85177-847-X">0-85177-847-X</a>.</li> <li>Jefford, C G. <i>RAF Squadrons</i>, first edition 1988, Airlife Publishing, UK, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1%2B85310%2B053%2B6" title="Special:BookSources/1+85310+053+6">1 85310 053 6</a>.</li> <li>Keucher, Ernest. R. <i>Military assistance and foreign policy</i>. Air Force Institute of Technology, 1989. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-91617-101-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-91617-101-9">0-91617-101-9</a>.</li> <li>Kraak, Jan. "Desert Puma". <i><a href="/wiki/Air_International" title="Air International">Air International</a></i>, December 2016, Vol. 91, No. 6. pp. 88–95. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0306-5634">0306-5634</a>.</li> <li>Lake, Jon. "Variant File: Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma". <i>International Air Power Review</i>, Volume 2 Autumn/Fall 2001. Norwalk, CT, USA: AIRtime Publishing. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-880588-34-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-880588-34-X">1-880588-34-X</a>. ISSN 1473-9917. pp. 96–107.</li> <li>Leishman, J. Gordon. <i>Principles of Helicopter Aerodynamics</i>. Cambridge University Press, 2006. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-52185-860-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-52185-860-7">0-52185-860-7</a>.</li> <li>McGowen, Stanley S. <i>Helicopters: An Illustrated History Of Their Impact</i>. ABC-CLIO, 2005. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85109-468-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-85109-468-7">1-85109-468-7</a>.</li> <li>Neal, Molly. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1970/1970%20-%200882.html">"SNIAS-Westland SA.330 Puma."</a> <i>Flight International</i>, 14 May 1970. pp. 810–817.</li> <li>Micheletti, Éric and Debay, Yves. <i>Victoire a Souk El-Gharb – la 10e Brigade sauve le Liban</i> in <i>Liban – dix jours aux Coeur des combats</i>, RAIDS magazine n.º41, October 1989. ISSN 0769-4814. pp. 18–24.</li> <li>Penney, Stuart. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2002/2002%20-%203461.html">"World Air Forces 2002"</a>. <i>Flight International</i>, Vol. 162, No. 4859, 26 November – 2 December 2002. pp. 33–78.</li> <li>Rip, Michael Russel and James M. Hasik. <i>The Precision Revolution: GPS and the Future of Aerial Warfare</i>. Naval Institute Press, 2002. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55750-973-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-55750-973-5">1-55750-973-5</a>.</li> <li>Ripley, Tim. <i>Conflict in the Balkans 1991–2000</i>. Osprey Publishing, 2010. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84176-290-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-84176-290-3">1-84176-290-3</a>.</li> <li>Ryan, Mike. <i>The Operators: Inside the World's Special Forces</i>. HarperCollins, 2005. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-00719-937-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-00719-937-6">0-00719-937-6</a>.</li> <li>Smith, Gordon. <i>Battle Atlas of the Falklands War 1982</i>. Naval-History.net, 2006. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84753-950-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-84753-950-5">1-84753-950-5</a>.</li> <li>Ray Sturtivant, <i>RAF Flying Training and Support Units since 1912</i>, Air-Britain (Historians), England, 2007, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0%2B85130%2B365%2BX" title="Special:BookSources/0+85130+365+X">0 85130 365 X</a></li> <li>Taylor, John W. R., ed. <i>Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1976–77</i>. London: Macdonald and Jane's, 1976. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-354-00538-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-354-00538-3">0-354-00538-3</a>.</li> <li>Taylor, John W. R., ed. <i>Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1988–89</i>. Coulsdon, Surrey, UK: Jane's Information Group, 1988. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7106-0867-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7106-0867-5">0-7106-0867-5</a>.</li> <li>Titley. Brian. <i>Dark Age: The Political Odyssey of Emperor Bokassa</i>. McGill-Queen's Press, 1997. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-77357-046-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-77357-046-2">0-77357-046-2</a>.</li> <li>Krimpen, Van and C. Bosgra. <i>Portugal and NATO</i>. Angola Comite, 1972.</li> <li>Wheeler, Barry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1975/1975%20-%201646.html">"World Air Forces 1975"</a>. <i>Flight International</i>, Vol. 108, No. 3468, 28 August 1975. pp. 290–314.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_330_Puma&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 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.navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Puma_family" title="Template:Puma family"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Puma_family" title="Template talk:Puma family"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Puma_family" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Puma family"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Aérospatiale_Puma_family192" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale" title="Aérospatiale">Aérospatiale</a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Puma</a> family</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aircraft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/Sud_Aviation" title="Sud Aviation">Sud Aviation</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale" title="Aérospatiale">Aérospatiale</a><br />(1968–1992)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">SA330</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS332_Super_Puma" title="Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma">SA331</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS332_Super_Puma" title="Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma">SA332/AS332</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/Airbus_Helicopters" title="Airbus Helicopters">Eurocopter</a><br />(1992–2014)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS332_Super_Puma" title="Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma">AS332</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS532_Cougar" title="Eurocopter AS532 Cougar">AS532</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS532_Cougar" title="Eurocopter AS532 Cougar">AS535</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_EC225_Super_Puma" title="Eurocopter EC225 Super Puma">EC225</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_EC725" title="Eurocopter EC725">EC725</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/Airbus_Helicopters" title="Airbus Helicopters">Airbus</a><br />(2014–present)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS332_Super_Puma" title="Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma">H215</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS532_Cougar" title="Eurocopter AS532 Cougar">M</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_EC225_Super_Puma" title="Eurocopter EC225 Super Puma">H225</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_EC725" title="Eurocopter EC725">M</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military<br />designations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Denel_Rooivalk" title="Denel Rooivalk">H-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS332_Super_Puma" title="Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma">VH-34</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign<br />production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/Atlas_Aircraft_Corporation" title="Atlas Aircraft Corporation">Atlas</a><br />(South Africa)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_Oryx" title="Atlas Oryx">Oryx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_XTP-1_Beta" title="Atlas XTP-1 Beta">XTP-1 Beta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/Denel_Aeronautics" title="Denel Aeronautics">Denel</a><br />(South Africa)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Denel_Rooivalk" title="Denel Rooivalk">Rooivalk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/Industria_Aeronautic%C4%83_Rom%C3%A2n%C4%83" title="Industria Aeronautică Română">IAR</a><br />(Romania)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IAR_330" title="IAR 330">IAR 330</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Aerospace" title="Indonesian Aerospace">IPTN</a><br />(Indonesia)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">NAS 330</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS332_Super_Puma" title="Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma">NAS 332</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/Korea_Aerospace_Industries" title="Korea Aerospace Industries">KAI</a><br />(South Korea)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KAI_KUH-1_Surion" title="KAI KUH-1 Surion">KUH-1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/Westland_Helicopters" title="Westland Helicopters">Westland</a><br />(United Kingdom)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Puma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Accidents and<br />incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bond_Offshore_Helicopters_Flight_85N" title="Bond Offshore Helicopters Flight 85N">Bond Offshore Helicopters Flight 85N</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2009)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHC_Scotia_Flight_23R" title="CHC Scotia Flight 23R">CHC Scotia Flight 23R</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2013)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHC_Helikopter_Service_Flight_241" title="CHC Helikopter Service Flight 241">CHC Helikopter Service Flight 241</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2016)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/Template:Alouette_family" title="Template:Alouette family">Alouette family</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Aérospatiale_Alouette_family183" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Alouette_family" title="Template:Alouette family"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Alouette_family" title="Template talk:Alouette family"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Alouette_family" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Alouette family"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Aérospatiale_Alouette_family183" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale" title="Aérospatiale">Aérospatiale</a> <a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette" title="Aérospatiale Alouette">Alouette family</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Model numbers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_II" title="Aérospatiale Alouette II">SE 313</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_II" title="Aérospatiale Alouette II">SE 314</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_315B_Lama" title="Aérospatiale SA 315B Lama">SA 315</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_III" title="Aérospatiale Alouette III">SE/SA 316</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_II" title="Aérospatiale Alouette II">SA 318</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_III" title="Aérospatiale Alouette III">SA 319</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">SA 330</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Gazelle" title="Aérospatiale Gazelle">SA 340</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Gazelle" title="Aérospatiale Gazelle">SA 341</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Gazelle" title="Aérospatiale Gazelle">SA 342</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Gazelle" title="Aérospatiale Gazelle">SA 349</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Names</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_II" title="Aérospatiale Alouette II">Alouette II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_III" title="Aérospatiale Alouette III">Alouette III</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alouette IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_III" title="Aérospatiale Alouette III">Alouette-Canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Gazelle" title="Aérospatiale Gazelle">Gazelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_II" title="Aérospatiale Alouette II">Gouverneur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_315B_Lama" title="Aérospatiale SA 315B Lama">Lama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign<br />production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/Atlas_Aircraft_Corporation" title="Atlas Aircraft Corporation">Atlas</a><br />(South Africa)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_XH-1_Alpha" title="Atlas XH-1 Alpha">XH-1 Alpha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/Eidgenoessische_Konstruktionswerkstaette" title="Eidgenoessische Konstruktionswerkstaette">F+W</a><br />(Switzerland)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_III" title="Aérospatiale Alouette III">Alouette IIIS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Aeronautics_Limited" title="Hindustan Aeronautics Limited">HAL</a><br />(India)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_315B_Lama" title="Aérospatiale SA 315B Lama">Cheetah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_315B_Lama" title="Aérospatiale SA 315B Lama">Cheetal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_III" title="Aérospatiale Alouette III">Chetak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_III" title="Aérospatiale Alouette III">Chetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_315B_Lama" title="Aérospatiale SA 315B Lama">Lancer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/Helibras" title="Helibras">Helibras</a><br />(Brazil)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_315B_Lama" title="Aérospatiale SA 315B Lama">HB 315 Gaviao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/Industria_Aeronautic%C4%83_Rom%C3%A2n%C4%83" title="Industria Aeronautică Română">IAR</a><br />(Romania)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IAR_316" title="IAR 316">IAR 316</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IAR_316" title="IAR 316">IAR 317</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/Republic_Aviation" title="Republic Aviation">Republic</a><br />(USA)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_II" title="Aérospatiale Alouette II">Lark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/Saab_AB" title="Saab AB">SAAB</a><br />(Sweden)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_II" title="Aérospatiale Alouette II">Hkp 2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/SOKO" title="SOKO">SOKO</a><br />(Yugoslavia)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Gazelle" title="Aérospatiale Gazelle">H-42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Gazelle" title="Aérospatiale Gazelle">H-45</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><small><a href="/wiki/Westland_Helicopters" title="Westland Helicopters">Westland</a><br />(Britain)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Gazelle" title="Aérospatiale Gazelle">Gazelle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sud_Aviation_Alouette_III_in_Portuguese_service" title="Sud Aviation Alouette III in Portuguese service">Alouette III in Portuguese service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_in_fiction#Aérospatiale_Gazelle" title="Aircraft in fiction">Gazelle in fiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Thunder_(helicopter)" title="Blue Thunder (helicopter)"><i>Blue Thunder</i></a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/SNCASE_SE.3120_Alouette" title="SNCASE SE.3120 Alouette">SNCASE SE.3120 Alouette</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Puma_family" title="Template:Puma family">Puma family</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sud_Aviation/Aérospatiale_aircraft155" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sud/A%C3%A9rospatiale_aircraft" title="Template:Sud/Aérospatiale aircraft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sud/A%C3%A9rospatiale_aircraft" title="Template talk:Sud/Aérospatiale aircraft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sud/A%C3%A9rospatiale_aircraft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sud/Aérospatiale aircraft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sud_Aviation/Aérospatiale_aircraft155" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sud_Aviation" title="Sud Aviation">Sud Aviation</a>/<a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale" title="Aérospatiale">Aérospatiale</a> aircraft</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fixed-wing_aircraft" title="Fixed-wing aircraft">Fixed-wing aircraft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATR_42" title="ATR 42">ATR 42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATR_52" title="ATR 52">ATR 52</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATR_72" title="ATR 72">ATR 72</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avion_de_Transport_Supersonique_Futur" title="Avion de Transport Supersonique Futur">ATSF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sud_Aviation_Caravelle" title="Sud Aviation Caravelle">Caravelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concorde" title="Concorde">Concorde</a> (<a href="/wiki/Concorde_operational_history" title="Concorde operational history">Operational history</a>/<a href="/wiki/Concorde_histories_and_aircraft_on_display" title="Concorde histories and aircraft on display">histories/aircraft on display</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Corvette" title="Aérospatiale Corvette">Corvette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fouga_CM.170_Magister" title="Fouga CM.170 Magister">Fouga CM.170 Magister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fouga_CM.175_Z%C3%A9phyr" title="Fouga CM.175 Zéphyr">Fouga CM.175 Zéphyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOCATA_Horizon" title="SOCATA Horizon">GY-80 Horizon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_N_262" title="Aérospatiale N 262">N 262</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sud_Aviation_SE-116_Voltigeur" title="Sud Aviation SE-116 Voltigeur">SE-116 Voltigeur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sud_Aviation_SE-116_Voltigeur" title="Sud Aviation SE-116 Voltigeur">SE-117 Voltigeur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sud_Aviation_Super-Caravelle" title="Sud Aviation Super-Caravelle">Super-Caravelle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Helicopter" title="Helicopter">Helicopters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_II" title="Aérospatiale Alouette II">SA 313 Alouette II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_315B_Lama" title="Aérospatiale SA 315B Lama">SA 315B Lama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_III" title="Aérospatiale Alouette III">SA 316 Alouette III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_II" title="Aérospatiale Alouette II">SA 318 Alouette II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_III" title="Aérospatiale Alouette III">SA 319 Alouette III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_321_Super_Frelon" title="Aérospatiale SA 321 Super Frelon">SA 321 Super Frelon</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">SA 330 Puma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Gazelle" title="Aérospatiale Gazelle">SA 340/341/342 Gazelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS350_%C3%89cureuil" title="Eurocopter AS350 Écureuil">AS350 Écureuil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS355_%C3%89cureuil_2" title="Eurocopter AS355 Écureuil 2">AS355 Ecureuil 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_SA_360_Dauphin" title="Aérospatiale SA 360 Dauphin">SA 360 Dauphin (1)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS365_Dauphin" title="Eurocopter AS365 Dauphin">SA 365/AS365 Dauphin (2)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Missiles:</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exocet" title="Exocet">Exocet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Space-related:</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Satellite_Communications_Organization" title="Arab Satellite Communications Organization">Arabsat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_(rocket_family)" title="Ariane (rocket family)">Ariane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes_(spacecraft)" title="Hermes (spacecraft)">Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huygens_(spacecraft)" title="Huygens (spacecraft)">Huygens probe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteosat" title="Meteosat">Meteosat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spacebus" title="Spacebus">Spacebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrksat_(satellite)" title="Türksat (satellite)">Türksat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/Template:SOCATA/Daher_aircraft" title="Template:SOCATA/Daher aircraft">SOCATA aircraft</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Westland_Aircraft_/_Westland_Helicopters156" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Westland_aircraft" title="Template:Westland aircraft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Westland_aircraft" title="Template talk:Westland aircraft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Westland_aircraft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Westland aircraft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Westland_Aircraft_/_Westland_Helicopters156" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Westland_Aircraft" title="Westland Aircraft">Westland Aircraft</a> / <a href="/wiki/Westland_Helicopters" title="Westland Helicopters">Westland Helicopters</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fixed-wing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Westland_IV" title="Westland IV">IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_IV" title="Westland IV">Wessex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Dreadnought" title="Westland Dreadnought">Dreadnought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Limousine" title="Westland Limousine">Limousine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Lysander" title="Westland Lysander">Lysander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland-Hill_Pterodactyl" title="Westland-Hill Pterodactyl">Pterodactyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_PV-3" title="Westland PV-3">PV.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_F.7/30" title="Westland F.7/30">PV.4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Wallace" title="Westland Wallace">PV.6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_PV.7" title="Westland PV.7">PV.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Wallace" title="Westland Wallace">Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Walrus" title="Westland Walrus">Walrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Wapiti" title="Westland Wapiti">Wapiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Widgeon_(fixed_wing)" title="Westland Widgeon (fixed wing)">Widgeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Witch" title="Westland Witch">Witch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Woodpigeon" title="Westland Woodpigeon">Woodpigeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Wyvern" title="Westland Wyvern">Wyvern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Yeovil" title="Westland Yeovil">Yeovil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fixed wing fighters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Westland_C.O.W._Gun_Fighter" title="Westland C.O.W. Gun Fighter">COW Gun Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_F.7/30" title="Westland F.7/30">F.7/30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Interceptor" title="Westland Interceptor">Interceptor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_N.1B" title="Westland N.1B">N.1B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Wagtail" title="Westland Wagtail">Wagtail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Weasel" title="Westland Weasel">Weasel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Welkin" title="Westland Welkin">Welkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Westbury" title="Westland Westbury">Westbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Whirlwind_(fighter)" title="Westland Whirlwind (fighter)">Whirlwind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Wizard" title="Westland Wizard">Wizard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Helicopters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Westland_30" title="Westland 30">30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AgustaWestland_Apache" title="AgustaWestland Apache">Apache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Sea_King" title="Westland Sea King">Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_WS-51_Dragonfly" title="Westland WS-51 Dragonfly">Dragonfly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Gazelle" title="Aérospatiale Gazelle">Gazelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Lynx" title="Westland Lynx">Lynx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AgustaWestland_AW101" title="AgustaWestland AW101">Merlin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Puma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Sea_King" title="Westland Sea King">Sea King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Scout" title="Westland Scout">Scout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_H-13_Sioux" title="Bell H-13 Sioux">Sioux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Lynx" title="Westland Lynx">Super Lynx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Wasp" title="Westland Wasp">Wasp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Wessex" title="Westland Wessex">Wessex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Westminster" title="Westland Westminster">Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Whirlwind_(helicopter)" title="Westland Whirlwind (helicopter)">Whirlwind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_Widgeon_(helicopter)" title="Westland Widgeon (helicopter)">Widgeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_UH-60_Black_Hawk#S-70A" title="Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk">WS-70</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Autogyro</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Westland_CL.20" title="Westland CL.20">CL.20</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Template:AgustaWestland_aircraft" title="Template:AgustaWestland aircraft">AgustaWestland aircraft</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Indonesian_Aerospace_(IAe)_aircraft97" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Indonesian_Aerospace_aircraft" title="Template:Indonesian Aerospace aircraft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indonesian_Aerospace_aircraft" title="Template talk:Indonesian Aerospace aircraft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indonesian_Aerospace_aircraft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indonesian Aerospace aircraft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Indonesian_Aerospace_(IAe)_aircraft97" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Aerospace" title="Indonesian Aerospace">Indonesian Aerospace (IAe)</a> aircraft</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fixed-wing_aircraft" title="Fixed-wing aircraft">Fixed-wing aircraft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LIPNUR_Sikumbang" title="LIPNUR Sikumbang">Sikumbang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LIPNUR_Belalang" title="LIPNUR Belalang">Belalang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LIPNUR_Kunang" title="LIPNUR Kunang">Kunang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LIPNUR_Super_Kunang" title="LIPNUR Super Kunang">Super Kunang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LIPNUR_Kindjeng" title="LIPNUR Kindjeng">Kindjeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PZL-104_Wilga" title="PZL-104 Wilga">Gelatik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pazmany_PL-1" title="Pazmany PL-1">LT-200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CASA_C-212_Aviocar" title="CASA C-212 Aviocar">NC-212</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Aerospace_N-219" title="Indonesian Aerospace N-219">N-219</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CASA/IPTN_CN-235" title="CASA/IPTN CN-235">CN-235</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Aerospace_N-245" title="Indonesian Aerospace N-245">N-245</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPTN_N-250" title="IPTN N-250">N-250</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Aerospace_N-270" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian Aerospace N-270">N-270</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EADS_CASA_C-295" title="EADS CASA C-295">CN-295</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPTN_N-2130" title="IPTN N-2130">N-2130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAI_R-80" class="mw-redirect" title="RAI R-80">RAI R-80</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAI_R-80" class="extiw" title="id:RAI R-80">id</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KAI_KF-21_Boramae" title="KAI KF-21 Boramae">IF-21</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rotorcraft" title="Rotorcraft">Rotorcraft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LIPNUR_Kolentang" title="LIPNUR Kolentang">Kolentang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBB_Bo_105" title="MBB Bo 105">NBO 105</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBB/Kawasaki_BK_117" title="MBB/Kawasaki BK 117">NBK 117</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">NAS 330J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS332_Super_Puma" title="Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma">NAS 332</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_412" title="Bell 412">NBell 412</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Brazilian_Air_Force_aircraft_designations408" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:FAB_aircraft_designations" title="Template:FAB aircraft designations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:FAB_aircraft_designations" title="Template talk:FAB aircraft designations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:FAB_aircraft_designations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:FAB aircraft designations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Brazilian_Air_Force_aircraft_designations408" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Air_Force" title="Brazilian Air Force">Brazilian Air Force</a> aircraft designations</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Attack (A)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AMX_International_AMX" title="AMX International AMX">A-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_PBY_Catalina" title="Consolidated PBY Catalina">A-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grumman_HU-16_Albatross" title="Grumman HU-16 Albatross">A-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embraer_EMB_314_Super_Tucano" title="Embraer EMB 314 Super Tucano">A-29</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cargo (C)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airbus_A319" title="Airbus A319">C-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embraer_E-Jet_family" title="Embraer E-Jet family">C-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_Queen_Air" title="Beechcraft Queen Air">C-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embraer_EMB_121_Xingu" title="Embraer EMB 121 Xingu">C-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_PBY_Catalina" title="Consolidated PBY Catalina">C-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-23" title="Piper PA-23">C-26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Hudson" title="Lockheed Hudson">C-28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Learjet_35" title="Learjet 35">C-35 (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_Bonanza" title="Beechcraft Bonanza">C-35 (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morane-Saulnier_MS.760_Paris" title="Morane-Saulnier MS.760 Paris">C-41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neiva_Regente" title="Neiva Regente">C-42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_Baron" title="Beechcraft Baron">C-55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">C-90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawker_Siddeley_HS_748" title="Hawker Siddeley HS 748">C-91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BAC_One-Eleven" title="BAC One-Eleven">C-92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Aerospace_125" title="British Aerospace 125">C-93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embraer_EMB_110_Bandeirante" title="Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante">C-95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_737" title="Boeing 737">C-96</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embraer_EMB_120_Brasilia" title="Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia">C-97</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_208_Caravan" title="Cessna 208 Caravan">C-98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embraer_ERJ_family" title="Embraer ERJ family">C-99</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EADS_CASA_C-295" title="EADS CASA C-295">C-105</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_DHC-5_Buffalo" title="De Havilland Canada DHC-5 Buffalo">C-115</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Electronic (E)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Embraer_R-99" title="Embraer R-99">E-99</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fighter (F)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gloster_Meteor" title="Gloster Meteor">F-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloster_Meteor" title="Gloster Meteor">F-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_T-33" title="Lockheed T-33">F-33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saab_JAS_39_Gripen" title="Saab JAS 39 Gripen">F-39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dassault_Mirage_III" title="Dassault Mirage III">F-103</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dassault_Mirage_2000" title="Dassault Mirage 2000">F-2000</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Helicopter (H)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bell_206" title="Bell 206">H-4</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">H-33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS332_Super_Puma" title="Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma">H-34</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_presidential_helicopter" title="Brazilian presidential helicopter">VH-34</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS350_%C3%89cureuil" title="Eurocopter AS350 Écureuil">H-50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS355_%C3%89cureuil_2" title="Eurocopter AS355 Écureuil 2">H-55</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tanker (K)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Embraer_C-390_Millennium" title="Embraer C-390 Millennium">KC-390</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Liaison (L)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pilatus_P-3" title="Pilatus P-3">L-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAP-4_Paulistinha" title="CAP-4 Paulistinha">L-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neiva_Campeiro" title="Neiva Campeiro">L-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neiva_Regente" title="Neiva Regente">L-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_180_Skywagon" title="Cessna 180 Skywagon">L-19</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_O-1_Bird_Dog" title="Cessna O-1 Bird Dog">A/E</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neiva_Regente" title="Neiva Regente">L-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neiva_Regente" title="Neiva Regente">L-42</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Maritime (M)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grumman_HU-16_Albatross" title="Grumman HU-16 Albatross">M-16</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observation (O)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pilatus_P-3" title="Pilatus P-3">O-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAP-4_Paulistinha" title="CAP-4 Paulistinha">O-6</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Patrol (P)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-2_Neptune" title="Lockheed P-2 Neptune">P-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grumman_S-2_Tracker" title="Grumman S-2 Tracker">P-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embraer_EMB_110_Bandeirante" title="Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante">P-95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embraer_R-99" title="Embraer R-99">P-99</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reconnaissance (R)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Learjet_35" title="Learjet 35">R-35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embraer_EMB_110_Bandeirante" title="Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante">R-95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embraer_R-99" title="Embraer R-99">R-99</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Search & rescue (S)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grumman_HU-16_Albatross" title="Grumman HU-16 Albatross">S-16</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trainer (T)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gloster_Meteor" title="Gloster Meteor">T-7</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microleve_MXL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Microleve MXL (page does not exist)">T-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerotec_A-132_Tangar%C3%A1" title="Aerotec A-132 Tangará">T-17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fokker_S-11" title="Fokker S-11">T-21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fokker_S-11" title="Fokker S-11">T-22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerotec_A-122_Uirapuru" title="Aerotec A-122 Uirapuru">T-23</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerotec_A-132_Tangar%C3%A1" title="Aerotec A-132 Tangará">B</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fouga_CM.170_Magister" title="Fouga CM.170 Magister">T-24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neiva_Universal" title="Neiva Universal">T-25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aermacchi_MB-326" title="Aermacchi MB-326">T-26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embraer_EMB_312_Tucano" title="Embraer EMB 312 Tucano">T-27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embraer_EMB_314_Super_Tucano" title="Embraer EMB 314 Super Tucano">T-29</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Utility (U)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pilatus_P-3" title="Pilatus P-3">U-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-34_Seneca" title="Piper PA-34 Seneca">U-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_Queen_Air" title="Beechcraft Queen Air">U-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embraer_EMB_121_Xingu" title="Embraer EMB 121 Xingu">U-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embraer_EMB_202_Ipanema" title="Embraer EMB 202 Ipanema">U-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Learjet_35" title="Learjet 35">U-35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_185_Skywagon" title="Cessna 185 Skywagon">U-37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neiva_Regente" title="Neiva Regente">U-42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_Model_18" title="Beechcraft Model 18">U-45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Learjet_55" title="Learjet 55">U-55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Aerospace_125" title="British Aerospace 125">U-93</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Glider (Z)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fournier_RF_5" title="Fournier RF 5">Z-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LET_L-13_Blan%C3%ADk" title="LET L-13 Blaník">Z-13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasfl%C3%BCgel_H-201" title="Glasflügel H-201">Z-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPE_Quero_Quero" title="IPE Quero Quero">Z-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schleicher_ASW_20" title="Schleicher ASW 20">Z-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LET_L-23_Super_Blan%C3%ADk" title="LET L-23 Super Blaník">Z-23</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Designations carried over from <a href="/wiki/United_States_military_aircraft_designation_systems" title="United States military aircraft designation systems">American designation systems</a> are not included unless the designations were modified.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Spanish_Armed_Forces_helicopter_designations171" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Spanish_helicopters" title="Template:Spanish helicopters"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Spanish_helicopters" title="Template talk:Spanish helicopters"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Spanish_helicopters" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Spanish helicopters"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Spanish_Armed_Forces_helicopter_designations171" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armed_Forces" title="Spanish Armed Forces">Spanish Armed Forces</a> helicopter designations</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Helicóptero</i> (Z)<br /><small>Helicopter</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_H-19_Chickasaw" title="Sikorsky H-19 Chickasaw">Z.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerot%C3%A9cnica_AC-12" title="Aerotécnica AC-12">Z.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nord_Norelfe" title="Nord Norelfe">Z.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerot%C3%A9cnica_AC-14" title="Aerotécnica AC-14">Z.4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aerot%C3%A9cnica_AC-21&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aerotécnica AC-21 (page does not exist)">Z.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiller_OH-23_Raven" title="Hiller OH-23 Raven">Z.6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_H-13_Sioux" title="Bell H-13 Sioux">Z.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_204/205" title="Bell 204/205">Z.8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_SH-3_Sea_King" title="Sikorsky SH-3 Sea King">Z.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_204/205" title="Bell 204/205">Z.10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_47J_Ranger" title="Bell 47J Ranger">Z.11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_206" title="Bell 206">Z.12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hughes_OH-6_Cayuse" title="Hughes OH-6 Cayuse">Z.13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_AH-1_Cobra" title="Bell AH-1 Cobra">Z.14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBB_Bo_105" title="MBB Bo 105">Z.15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_III" title="Aérospatiale Alouette III">Z.16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_CH-47_Chinook" title="Boeing CH-47 Chinook">Z.17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_UH-1N_Twin_Huey" title="Bell UH-1N Twin Huey">Z.18</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Z.19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hughes_TH-55_Osage" title="Hughes TH-55 Osage">Z.20</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Helicóptero</i> (H)<br /><small>Helicopter</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_H-19_Chickasaw" title="Sikorsky H-19 Chickasaw">H.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerot%C3%A9cnica_AC-12" title="Aerotécnica AC-12">H.2</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">H.3</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerot%C3%A9cnica_AC-14" title="Aerotécnica AC-14">H.4</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">H.5</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">H.6</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_H-13_Sioux" title="Bell H-13 Sioux">HE.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_204/205" title="Bell 204/205">HU.8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_SH-3_Sea_King" title="Sikorsky SH-3 Sea King">HS.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_204/205" title="Bell 204/205">HE.10/HU.10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_47J_Ranger" title="Bell 47J Ranger">HD.11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_206" title="Bell 206">HR.12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hughes_OH-6_Cayuse" title="Hughes OH-6 Cayuse">HS.13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_AH-1_Cobra" title="Bell AH-1 Cobra">HA.14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBB_Bo_105" title="MBB Bo 105">HA.15/HE.15/HR.15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Alouette_III" title="Aérospatiale Alouette III">HD.16/HE.16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_CH-47_Chinook" title="Boeing CH-47 Chinook">HT.17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_UH-1N_Twin_Huey" title="Bell UH-1N Twin Huey">HA.18/HU.18</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">HD.19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hughes_TH-55_Osage" title="Hughes TH-55 Osage">HE.20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS332_Super_Puma" title="Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma">HD.21/HT.21/HU.21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBB/Kawasaki_BK_117" title="MBB/Kawasaki BK 117">HU.22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_SH-60_Seahawk" title="Sikorsky SH-60 Seahawk">HS.23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_S-76" title="Sikorsky S-76">HE.24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_EC120_Colibri" title="Eurocopter EC120 Colibri">HE.25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_EC130" title="Eurocopter EC130">HE.26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_AS532_Cougar" title="Eurocopter AS532 Cougar">HT.27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_Tiger" title="Eurocopter Tiger">HA.28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHIndustries_NH90" title="NHIndustries NH90">HT.29</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>1</sup> Not assigned</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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