CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "epubs.siam.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '92d2164b1fe2fe8e',cH: 'I2TteA_Z1EquSn.j7TxoisiX94ZagVxNyocR43edOaE-1744118688-1.2.1.1-q0YzxKbXT3gZYWp_hOikOqYJL27biY052QFAsVVvFRmzqQSGliJzpV_St_SCDuHJ',cUPMDTk: "\/doi\/10.1137\/0326053?__cf_chl_tk=xoO0oJGuqsesJeuvvhCHpgoFLZJCtCklI4A7vmUGFX4-1744118688-1.0.1.1-M_WVywi65j7rqzb21sIGyErqiCvM5Inmww41mceMvtM",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1744118688',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "unsupported_browser_beacon",fa: "\/doi\/10.1137\/0326053?__cf_chl_f_tk=xoO0oJGuqsesJeuvvhCHpgoFLZJCtCklI4A7vmUGFX4-1744118688-1.0.1.1-M_WVywi65j7rqzb21sIGyErqiCvM5Inmww41mceMvtM",md: "5uKtPP5is.Hkwr0o5pFqKnkS6No12GOFqYrJ6oV3ZHk-1744118688-1.2.1.1-iE1As8owvCWvts9RoYv.rq767vkMOulyVpI7Ik7XfKG4g8T6UjdsNgVxugkFqTh.u.hDDVhQf.zCIW.IWtG.MU3TdsH735.sUKbaD5J5a4Ro6jY4j2OYNBNtI1gSLKxUjQQhbCz8OlqN1JRUYcooHZq6kr1s0OH7yo3wQa_D6ehkIzaM3bNkdY67zGlQCpSqBQ6CsPNYUsxWo522qNurodW.EGnND3tRBsTD4Xxu1vz0m9U9e8smE1Q0bDjc.9.9wPQUslPCuQSpdmkHY0XNymEdT_Krg_J_sNiCaJJc5NKtngCRqxAa0ZT8vwAUHvZQaO9d7rM.WPiQ2cmxCB4iMw7OydpGJu2CDvfjuKCHAcI6Kgh1Mvt5gD849LD96wNejv4d5olBDLBi8iFs1Xy1.hwIrexsQVMJtWEEnBgaO83ki6wWHWdxp_TP_jFG6RPA3AvOa2vmMxDhIkSGz_.4u09.9vevYIl0C0IFWegSURBpE3hhkIRnfuNSr5nAWdHo9Gl7b7S_z9JIHrFrdrlFIYBfI_.BWbHijX.fQmTTywBTh0TlmlY_uUZGE4IqhAE8aFSWpSfZw8REV5WzanJZQqyGLqbZVY2_FiBg4bokPATXAZBLJ4Ae5JLpEv0SwvMixh_9y32q.zPFJIRWUvt.yAeJorVQM0ty5RMv2_BywVCMEeJAwQtKWw4Ni_5eT3hf.bttI4P6uiELHtHU6tonlwM9RB379G4jCVDrKglJJ1J11SfVVvuNCXS30Cn56r9uZSyGfwijkQtG12R9q3A3kxfVF_HXGvcLftXn6q.dMmhKcNAE5Bd33OskhkzhYuBamVoXX_9NyxmG4uVswfIwZycHcTSLyhpbmNM6aPRTap0u_JhPPDe4GFPLt6MwhHF36Z18SKE.fOYqzNIaqlxOsir0wMSekJC5LmMOC6BqYoaSQPfEqA_UZed_7f1gpLVkXNziFIP_NzCy7r7cG9CDS9O8hv9vLV8Pk40zoDafEPJAYHX15t7myYrPyWRhBRyNb7KZmjDauXC8rmrtzINHfb_Saiw.hYjBmGXUfhH9yTa6ewYpBfaeKAuuvp869566LS6HiNqI.cS8Kni5R.Jq5F1pov15yiTu2OUq0.AuJ6xRessErZxg5mVODJYGQuhF7da6FkGwxI9E5cCIpBL2Z9VbpLYMcoFTVCvt4RihWl9JQ0acAogavaDRO3859vkbwyH_Xgadpf0aeMNgxF0zaS9QWwOyKR1cuExEpnydZZ1.8VCqSNRVrI2BwaDtrMzv",mdrd: "XwvQkCHck9h5RAgCC7_fsE8k74L8SI5i.3xZg4OjDVM-1744118688-1.2.1.1-ljjy7XNtKAYfSdDLffyv_UNKMVkzmDVtwJQRP1HUeWj6tYcjRFS33qb34VAdAyM3JDzVlY4FKUj4._32x6i_S4VufurbCK0dkZEA7A7sq1OdI5RH9lQi0JAIkar23PyDKKV4t9TfcW_pPQWpWHJLecemoRvf3r3Rj0zB2z5GfkLT.b_ulkLmtSohIWYeal_tUNXIQJ4cVFC19Vy2uF6wE6fm2deDb734xy2Qb3enfAdJ_PdCLiAJ.aBWjE66VKDh3Lk5Hbpb.Dh9LVV6GXYGSYWm58y0M4sUhltWYx6g0x3.SbSpA3EzOIHONUaB_KaxUqOwz1R0ElM_D.cvNsRvjt0jxPRrIY7AUxxiRHO0RMQYQdADqaVIj1ys29hiY6l3JGDkBQwZJ8jR7B33BTQsQLnAcdbldTlTt2zZWX0Jop7lOw1KiD61_H9gnL83KwoC4hMUMN8RHcTnSkLcPv67YZhFuYKAQYo3Jq5sB_b3qBmALDIhnzPwid5DigT9nG9EFR7GWn7u2gF_HI7SN5oHAuP00s0eJfJlvjveAgEuaFXqf.bU72nzW1aQ1NkDDa8YV6cHOpr3vdU8UUc.xbS382Vk8Q9hu_ef2nHtWUu5PmtTHWWnkYY0D0z4whB._fY8F1zncA7oFlGoE.2uLKraTzIWM1UZLeRYLBqKJ3GkPIv4vypR011fIEIc7pwcNKTH4Y3WwMx9aTKiuF8l72h1SHyW_._44GBvmXdH4QEFInhJSfkojUtzEMdLMyyAujveO68djsrELTar_tzNLzQLgIM_XysdG37j3P_DTIoCVZ5p5CdeMGqSKFCK4KS3XIFRa068YOmqfyzBxWqOplhwbyH1eu3LANl9wqlDxTFzJhUA7HYfuyjJv2VhTQudsQasWGrIUHDB.nyzGq0dBsD6pmSdbFaKwTJXy98AFh0p.ozh64EvdUKwH5dXunuBfwk6HcCiQb6ghukkCyHEbfmxhXNCL.7EIZMMWIsRWyuSz7AaWjHzYXLeV8sU2HSinj80onLl.9VLt74Vj1hB4RdCWeIByJj.2a7ZXS6UkPDt_0J1K0vrkwUmJ8773G8ZK90uFBWREpmGppLf3PrwLt7TyzUPbwUPcIqwXaoSxV4LqoMwkKEV25IauUlFqUJrgukiIVb4tIW7RB2z3aAmLhKxVdn9cNQv6IVegnc0WniF3_qcPu9LVIsjwjiUyJb0PspoeUoiYP251PnbeY7Fn_mwInIFb2RgWeQqxBUBssCB4QcIFB30qG68lQLdUDDNvuTEoNoWd6.1slPwdsxyPFo13P5JIy.4T80SK_HggzidpvXlqALBg.d77kltq0GV4IJL9M45HM0PMIY1RrnZILWFW4.8DIk6dcn05niD9AMUPvJXNeDAp8asxTD12Q1NWGrjbWIPMFaI.tNyXQZSbkbO8iUzHJdTcQCY.0qRyruuESYQ8R6AlAzXUosB_su.zZY_9wg5Bxyo6T1DmO18bl5S0SgwEs11r1tnIM3jQf0t_O5RRxKcdw1HVSMdugM_NHQtOCmYruY6oqFG9_KEw34BHCxpVImDq48rx1SNEXgyM_m2Pw.5kmXJw3FC3fuZotjWSe7J8mqIMtSGP5Tfm8MjFr3rvhz_AQOz9_BbCA_1LgrgHG3ZNDnBOukM7pK16zyuc9q46mYEtLqTXqigJegx8ST7jXwsrfVTRZ0v53pUG6IBOUAanE5000wWl0Mi4oI8yepGuy4Hj.2UoQU9Y3_A0VWHRfMB0fdUvtNLbV.SY2yt9ojzrRJCEN3coyyF2K3hYbEUIQeIpOaTlXyYaMO8zgDsP_erJwtDa48ezkbk3nRblT2a7z5OVMQab32dBlSydix0f0neTz7mchbAb0RFobqJ6EJ_JsHZjJ5MA8Uh2vB.vd6nYRNEs8NdOvTCgou_HQ39HXaj2O17_s4QuH0ik7jzR913vIOwOVXcpgJtU_X9zwnhc2Z3r_J5CC.CpylDRePkXxvRLjQfK0Kunhh9HMKOw2aVN0rj1Qid0L5zAP1USg._._5c7iqMv_uCfrwDIJqKrSaUFtvyYtCMkF3Syw"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=92d2164b1fe2fe8e';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/doi\/10.1137\/0326053?__cf_chl_rt_tk=xoO0oJGuqsesJeuvvhCHpgoFLZJCtCklI4A7vmUGFX4-1744118688-1.0.1.1-M_WVywi65j7rqzb21sIGyErqiCvM5Inmww41mceMvtM" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>