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href="http://tag.120ask.com/zhengzhuang/chuangshang/" style='color:#145b7d;text-decoration:underline;' >创伤</a>的急速致死原因。M型超声示心包填塞心室活动曲线，心包填塞时，右室前壁运动方向改变，舒张期呈向心方向运动，即后向位移。</P> <P>　　心脏穿透伤：其病理和临床表现，一方面取决于受伤机制，即穿透物的性质、大小和速度。例如，火器伤所致者80%以上现场死亡，而刀刺伤约半数仍可到达医院;另一方面，主要取决于损伤的部位、伤口的大小以及心包裂口的情况。心包裂口足够大时，临床上主要表现为<a target='_blank' href="http://tag.120ask.com/jibing/sxxxk/" style='color:#145b7d;text-decoration:underline;' >失血性休克</a>，甚至迅速死亡。心包裂口小、或被周围组织(如心包外脂肪、肺等)或血块所堵塞，心脏出血可引起急性心包填塞，使心脏舒张受限，腔静脉回心血流受阻和心排出量减少。枪弹伤引起的心包裂口较大，主要表现为失血性休克，而刀刺伤的心包裂口容易被堵塞，80%～90%发生心包填塞。心包填塞有利于减少心脏出血，病人生存机会反而较有出血但无心包填塞者为多，然而，如不及时解除，则很快导致<a target='_blank' href="http://tag.120ask.com/zhengzhuang/xhsj/" style='color:#145b7d;text-decoration:underline;' >循环衰竭</a>。当心脏伤口很小时可自行闭合而停止出血。</P> <P>　　心肌坏死：应为医学上的心肌梗死，是指冠状动脉供血急剧减少或中断，使相应部分的心肌因严重持久性缺血，而发生局部坏死。<a target='_blank' href="http://tag.120ask.com/zhengzhuang/tt/" style='color:#145b7d;text-decoration:underline;' >疼痛</a>，为最早出现和最突出的症状，部位为心前区，胸骨后，左肩背，甚至牙齿，上腹部，剑突下等，程度剧烈，持续数小时或者数天，多无诱因，休息和含服硝酸甘油多不能缓解。患者有<a target='_blank' href="http://tag.120ask.com/zhengzhuang/kongju/" style='color:#145b7d;text-decoration:underline;' >恐惧</a>，濒死感。</P> <P>　　<a target='_blank' href="http://tag.120ask.com/zhengzhuang/xbpss/" style='color:#145b7d;text-decoration:underline;' >心包破损伤</a>：多见于<a target='_blank' href="http://tag.120ask.com/jibing/ctxxzws/" style='color:#145b7d;text-decoration:underline;' >穿透性心脏外伤</a>，穿透性心脏外伤是由一类强力、高速、锐利的异物穿透胸壁或它处进入心脏所致，少数因胸骨或<a target='_blank' href="http://tag.120ask.com/jibing/leiguguzhe/" style='color:#145b7d;text-decoration:underline;' >肋骨骨折</a>断端猛烈移位穿刺心脏引起。心脏穿透伤均有心包破损，有时心脏伤口有多处，这在刺入伤和枪弹伤中尤为多见。</P></p> <p> <P>　　心脏出血外溢，心包裂口保持开放畅通者，血液将从前胸伤口涌出或流人胸膜腔。临床上出现低血容量征象：如<a target='_blank' href="http://tag.120ask.com/zhengzhuang/mscb/" style='color:#145b7d;text-decoration:underline;' >面色苍白</a>、呼吸浅弱、<a target='_blank' href="http://tag.120ask.com/zhengzhuang/mbxs/" style='color:#145b7d;text-decoration:underline;' >脉搏细速</a>、<a target='_blank' href="http://tag.120ask.com/zhengzhuang/xyxj/" style='color:#145b7d;text-decoration:underline;' >血压下降</a>等，病人可快速陷入休克，因大出血死亡。</P></p> </div> </div> <div class="portlet" id="yw0"> <div class="portlet-content"> <div class="related-encyclopedia"> <p>相关百科</p> <div> <a href='//tag.120ask.com/jibing/xinzangzhuanyiliu/' title='心脏转移瘤'>心脏转移瘤</a><a href='//tag.120ask.com/jibing/xzdxbhs/' title='心脏钝性闭合伤'>心脏钝性闭合伤</a><a href='//tag.120ask.com/jibing/yfxgxy/' title='原发性高血压'>原发性高血压</a><a href='//tag.120ask.com/jibing/xjgshxby/' title='心肌梗死后心包炎'>心肌梗死后心包</a><a href='//tag.120ask.com/jibing/wzzxxjqx/' title='无症状型心肌缺血'>无症状型心肌缺</a><a href='//tag.120ask.com/jibing/qxxxjb/' title='缺血性心肌病'>缺血性心肌病</a><a href='//tag.120ask.com/jibing/lnrtnbxxzb/' title='老年人糖尿病性心脏病'>老年人糖尿病性</a><a href='//tag.120ask.com/jibing/lnrqxxxjb/' title='老年人缺血性心肌病'>老年人缺血性心</a><a href='//tag.120ask.com/jibing/lnxjb/' title='老年心肌病'>老年心肌病</a><a 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