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<!DOCTYPE HTML> <html> <head> <title>Tswa language and alphabet</title> <meta name="description" content="Tswa is Bantu language spoken by about 1.2 million people mainly in southern Mozambique." />  <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-WB7PSHBG');</script>  <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.omniglot.com/images/logos/omniglot_thumbnail.jpg" /> <meta property="og:type" content="https://www.facebook.com/pg/Omniglot-100430558332117/posts/" /> <link href="/styles/style.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script src="https://the.gatekeeperconsent.com/cmp.min.js" data-cfasync="false"></script> <script async src="//www.ezojs.com/ezoic/sa.min.js"></script> <script> window.ezstandalone = window.ezstandalone || {}; ezstandalone.cmd = ezstandalone.cmd || []; </script></head> <body> <div id="header">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-WB7PSHBG" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>  <p><a href="/index.htm"><img src="/images/logos/header_omniglot.png" width="600" height="70" alt="Omniglot - the online encyclopedia of writing systems & languages" /></a></p> <ul> <li><a href="/index.htm">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/writing/index.htm">Alphabets</a></li> <li><a href="/conscripts/index.htm">Constructed scripts</a></li> <li><a href="/writing/languages.htm">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/language/phrases/phraseindex.htm">Phrases</a></li> <li><a href="/language/numbers/index.htm">Numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/language/ml.htm">Multilingual Pages</a></li> <li><a href="/search.htm">Search</a></li> <li><a href="/news/index.htm">News</a></li> <li><a href="/about.htm">About</a></li> <li><a href="/contact.htm">Contact</a></li> </ul></div> <div id="bodybox"> <span style="text-align:center;"><div id="ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-162"></div> <script> ezstandalone.cmd.push(function() { ezstandalone.showAds(162); }); </script></span><div id="body"> <h1>Tswa (xiTswa)</h1> <p>Tswa is Southern Bantu language spoken by about 1.2 million people mainly in Mozambique. It is spoken particulary in rural areas in the west of Inhambane Province in southern Mozambique. There are also some speakers of Tswa in southern Zimbabwe and in South Africa. </p> <p><iframe src="https://www.google.com/maps/embed?pb=!1m18!1m12!1m3!1d1881779.5974449567!2d33.061004216602434!3d-22.900429245672434!2m3!1f0!2f0!3f0!3m2!1i1024!2i768!4f13.1!3m3!1m2!1s0x1f201a5dc3b60437%3A0x7c1088dfc52623b9!2sInhambane%20Province%2C%20Mozambique!5e0!3m2!1sen!2suk!4v1709657592254!5m2!1sen!2suk" width="400" height="300" style="border:0;" allowfullscreen="" loading="lazy" referrerpolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade"></iframe> </p> <p>Tswa is also known as Tshwa or Xitswa. The people who speak it call their language <em>xiTswa</em> and themselves <em>baTswa</em>. Dialects include Hlengwe, Mhandla, Nwanat, Dzibi and Dzonga. Tswa is closely related to Ronga and Tsonga. Many people in Mozambique see Tswa as a dialect of Tsonga. </p> <p>Tswa is written with a version of the Latin alphabet based on the Tsonga orthography, which was developed by Portuguese colonists and Methodist missionaries. The Tswa version was consolidated by Rev. J. A. Persson of the Methodist Episcopal Mission in Portuguese East Africa, whose <em>An English-Tswa Dictionary</em> was published in 1928. There is also a grammar of Tswa, and a translation of the Bible. </p> <h2>Tswa alphabet and pronunciation</h2> <p><img src="../images/writing/tswa.gif" width="616" height="532" alt="Tswa alphabet and pronunciation" /> </p> <p><a href="../charts/tswa.xls">Download Tswa alphabet chart</a> (Excel)<br /> <a href="../charts/tswa.pdf">Details of the Tswa alphabet</a> provided by Wolfram Siegel (PDF) </p> <h2>Sample text (Tingi ni ti Homu)</h2> <p>Tingi a wa tsama ni kokwani wakwe. Yena a wa hlayisa a ti homu zin’wi na kokwani. A siku gu kari, ku tili a va ka maxanga. Vona va tekili a ti homu va famba. Tingi zin’wi ni kokwani wakwe va tsutsumili va ya fihlala. Vona va fihlalile lomu khwatini kala gi phuma. A nzaku ka lezvo, a va ka maxanga va wuyili kambi. Tingi a fihliwilwe lomu ka matluka hi kokwani wakwe. A mun’wi wa va ka maxanga a kanzihelili tingi, kanilezvi yena anga ketangi. A kama wo ngana na ku rulili, tingi ni kokwani wakwe va humili laha ku basa. Vona va xiyamelili va ya kaya. </p> <h3>Translation (Tingi and the cows)</h3> <p>Tingi lived with his grandmother. He used to look after the cows with her. One day the soldiers came. They took the cows away. Tingi and his grandmother ran away and hid. They hid in the bush until night. Then the soldiers came back. Grandmother hid Tingi under the leaves. One of the soldiers put his foot right on him, but he kept quiet. When it was safe, Tingi and his grandmother came out. They crept home very quietly. </p> <p><em>Source: <a href="https://storybooksafricanlanguages.net/stories/tsc/0210/">https://storybooksafricanlanguages.net/stories/tsc/0210/</a></em> </p> <h2>Sample video</h2> <div class="intrinsic-container intrinsic-container-16x9"> <iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/VnT1RrjHwT0" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div> <h2>Links</h2> <p>Information about the Tswa language<br /> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tswa_language">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tswa_language</a><br /> <a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_x%C3%ADtsua">https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_x%C3%ADtsua</a><br /> <a href="https://www.hopehealafrica.org/xitswa-dictionary">https://www.hopehealafrica.org/xitswa-dictionary</a> </p> <h2>Bantu languages</h2> <p><a href="/writing/bafaw-balong.htm">Bafaw-Balong</a>, <a href="/writing/bangi.htm">Bangi</a>, <a href="/writing/basaa.php">Basaa</a>, <a href="/writing/bemba.php">Bemba</a>, <a href="/writing/bena.htm">Bena</a>, <a href="/writing/benga.htm">Benga</a>, <a href="/writing/bhaca.htm">Bhaca</a>, <a href="/writing/bube.htm">Bube</a>, <a href="/writing/bukusu.htm">Bukusu</a>, <a href="/writing/bulu.htm">Bulu</a>, <a href="/writing/centralteke.htm">Central Teke</a>, <a href="/writing/chichewa.php">Chichewa</a>, <a href="/writing/chokwe.htm">Chokwe</a>, <a href="/writing/chuwabu.htm">Chuwabu</a>, <a href="/writing/comorian.htm">Comorian</a>, <a href="/writing/dciriku.htm">Dciriku</a>, <a href="/writing/digo.htm">Digo</a>, <a href="/writing/duala.php">Duala</a>, <a href="/writing/eton.htm">Eton</a>, <a href="/writing/ewondo.php">Ewondo</a>, <a href="/writing/fang.htm">Fang</a>, <a href="/writing/ganda.php">Ganda/Luganda</a>, <a href="/writing/gogo.htm">Gogo</a>, <a href="/writing/gusii.htm">Gusii</a>, <a href="/writing/gwere.htm">Gwere</a>, <a href="/writing/haya.htm">Haya</a>, <a href="/writing/hehe.htm">Hehe</a>, <a href="/writing/herero.php">Herero</a>, <a 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href="/writing/northernndebele.htm">Northern Ndebele (South Africa)</a>, <a href="/writing/sindebele.htm">Northern Ndebele (Zimbabwe)</a>, <a href="/writing/nsotho.htm">Northern Sotho</a>, <a href="/writing/nyamwezi.htm">Nyamwezi</a>, <a href="/writing/nyakyusa.htm">Nyakyusa</a>, <a href="/writing/nyemba.htm">Nyemba</a>, <a href="/writing/nyole.htm">Nyole</a>, <a href="/writing/nyoro.htm">Nyoro</a>, <a href="/writing/nyungwe.htm">Nyungwe</a>, <a href="/writing/nzadi.htm">Nzadi</a>, <a href="/writing/oroko.htm">Oroko</a>, <a href="/writing/oshiwambo.php">OshiWambo</a>, <a href="/writing/pagibete.htm">Pagibete</a>, <a href="/writing/punu.htm">Punu</a>, <a href="/writing/ronga.htm">Ronga</a>, <a href="/writing/safwa.htm">Safwa</a>, <a href="/writing/sena.htm">Sena</a>, <a href="/writing/sengele.htm">Sengele</a>, <a href="/writing/shona.php">Shona</a>, <a href="/writing/soga.htm">Soga</a>, <a href="/writing/songe.htm">Songe</a>, <a href="/writing/ndebele.php">Southern Ndebele</a>, <a href="/writing/sesotho.htm">Southern Sotho</a>, <a href="/writing/sukuma.htm">Sukuma</a>, <a href="/writing/swahili.htm">Swahili</a>, <a href="/writing/swati.php">Swati</a>, <a href="/writing/tanga.htm">Tanga</a>, <a href="/writing/tembo.htm">Tembo</a>, <a href="/writing/tonga.htm">Tonga</a>, <a href="/writing/tooro.htm">Tooro</a>, <a href="/writing/tshiluba.php">Tshiluba</a>, <a href="/writing/tsonga.php">Tsonga</a>, <a href="/writing/tswa.htm">Tswa</a>, <a href="/writing/tswana.php">Tswana</a>, <a href="/writing/tumbuka.htm">Tumbuka</a>, <a href="/writing/umbundu.htm">Umbundu</a>, <a href="/writing/venda.htm">Venda</a>, <a href="/writing/vwanji.htm">Vwanji</a>, <a href="/writing/xhosa.htm">Xhosa</a>, <a href="/writing/yao.htm">Yao</a>, <a href="/writing/yasa.htm">Yasa</a>, <a href="/writing/zigula.htm">Zigula</a>, <a href="/writing/zinza.htm">Zinza</a>, <a href="/writing/zulu.htm">Zulu</a></p> <p><a href="/writing/langalph.htm#latin">Languages written with the Latin alphabet</a> 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